Ugric/vocab: Difference between revisions

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(even more OU data)
Line 15: Line 15:
| "to bild; to fix"
| "to bild; to fix"
|style="color:red"| ''alkot-'' || alt- || olt- || oolt- || oolt- || *aaLt- || *oottə- || *aaLtə-
|style="color:red"| ''alkot-'' || alt- || olt- || oolt- || oolt- || *aaLt- || *oottə- || *aaLtə-
|-
| ""
| ''alom'' || - || - || - || - || || ||
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
Line 58: Line 55:
| ""
| ""
| ''bërke'' || || || || || - || - || -
| ''bërke'' || || || || || - || - || -
| ??
|-
|-
| "to drip"
| "to drip"
Line 192: Line 190:
| Or H. ~ PU *kod₂ka "spirit" (''máz'' < "sickness"). Kh "C" xoońť-
| Or H. ~ PU *kod₂ka "spirit" (''máz'' < "sickness"). Kh "C" xoońť-
|-
|-
| ""
| "hair"
| ''haj'' || || || || || - || - || -
| ''haj'' || - || kooj || U xooj || xooj || - || - || -
|-
|-
| ""
| "to bend"
| ''hajol'' || || || || || - || - || -
| ''hajol-'' || - || kooj- || xojt- || - || - || - || -
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
| ''hajt'' || || || || || - || - || -
| ''hajt'' || || || || || - || - || -
|-
| ""
| ''hall'' || || || || || || ||
|-
|-
| "mound; tussock"
| "mound; tussock"
Line 278: Line 273:
| ''könnyű'' || || || || || || ||
| ''könnyű'' || || || || || || ||
|-
|-
| ""
| "to hum, moo, growl"
| ''könyörög'' || || || || || || ||
| ''könyörög-'' || - || - || kenɣ- || keenɣ- || *köönəɣ- || ''kenəj-'' || Kz keeni-
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
Line 300: Line 295:
|-
|-
| "horse"
| "horse"
| ''ló'' || || || || || || ||
| ''ló''<br/>''lova-'' || low || luw || lʊ || luw || ''*looɣ'' || taaw || *Laaw
|-
|-
| ""
| "shin; foot"
| ''loll'' || || || || || || ||
| ''loll'' || lʌjəl || *lɤɤl<br/>låjl- || *lɤɤl<br/>låjl- || laaɣəl ||style="color:green"| *ɭaaɣəɭ || laaxəl || -
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
Line 311: Line 306:
| ''malát'' || - || - || - || - || || ||
| ''malát'' || - || - || - || - || || ||
|-
|-
| ""
| "palm"
| ''marok'' || - || - || - || - || || ||
| ''marok'' || - || - || - || - || muurəs || ''muurəs'' || -
|-
|-
| ""
| "to dive"
| ''márt'' || || || || || || ||
| ''márt-'' || moors- || *muurs- || muurs- || muurs- || *maraa- || *mar- || *mar-
|-
|-
| ""
| "warm"
| ''meleg'' || || || || || || ||
| ''meleg'' || määliit || *möältəp || *möältəp || maaltip ||style="color:green"| *meeɭəŋk || - ||style="color:green"| *meeɭək
|-
|-
| ""
| "to be proper; to fit"
| ''méltó'' || - || - || - || - || || ||
| ''mélt-'' || - || - || - || - || meel- || - || -
|-
|-
| ""
| "deep"
| ''mély'' || || || || || || ||
| ''mély'' || mäl ~<br/>miĺ || mil || mil || mil || *meL || met || *mäL
| P. '''ńiĺ'''
|-
|-
| ""
| "stallion; herd"
| ''mén'' || - || - || - || - || || ||
| ''mén'' || - || - || - || - || - || - || maanəŋ
| Weak.
|-
|-
| ""
| "to tear"
| ''mënyül'' || || || || || || ||
| ''mënyül-'' || mänəmt- || *mänəmt- || *määnəmt- || manəm- || - || *meneemə- ||style="color:green"| *meeɳəm-
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
Line 366: Line 363:
|-
|-
| "8"
| "8"
| ''nyolc'' || || || || || || ||
| ''nyolc'' || ńolalu || ńallow || ńållåw || ńoləlow || ńɯɯLəɣ || ńiitə || *ńiiɣəL
| Check Ms. Cf. PU *ńeljä "4"?!
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
Line 398: Line 396:
| ''rokkan'' || || || || || || ||
| ''rokkan'' || || || || || || ||
|-
|-
| ""
| "to kick; to wade"
| ''rúg'' || - || - || - || - || || ||
| ''rúg'' || - || - || - || - || '''röŋkää-''' || roŋk- || ruuŋk-
| Weak. Check Kh.
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
Line 420: Line 419:
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
| ''száguld'' || || || || || || ||
| ''száguld-'' || || || || || || ||
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
Line 433: Line 432:
| ""
| ""
| ''szëg'' || || || || || - || - || -
| ''szëg'' || || || || || - || - || -
| ??
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
Line 464: Line 464:
| ""
| ""
| ''táltos'' || || || || || || ||
| ''táltos'' || || || || || || ||
|-
| ""
| ''tëgëz'' || || || || || || ||
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
Line 501: Line 498:
| "saddle"
| "saddle"
|style="color:red"| ''nyerëg'' || näwrää || ''*naaɣər'' || ''nåɣər'' || - || nööɣər || - || -
|style="color:red"| ''nyerëg'' || näwrää || ''*naaɣər'' || ''nåɣər'' || - || nööɣər || - || -
|-
| "quiver"
| ''tëgëz'' || - || P tääwt || täwt || tawt || tüüɣət || tiiwət || *tiiwət
|-
|-
! colspan="9"| Derivational cases
! colspan="9"| Derivational cases
|-
| "hay padding"
| ''alom'' || - || - || - || - || *ɯɯLəm || iitəm || *iiLəm
| < PU *ëla-ma
|-
|-
| "cover"
| "cover"
Line 513: Line 517:
| ''ágyék'' || ońćii || *uńś || uńś || *uuńś || - || - || -
| ''ágyék'' || ońćii || *uńś || uńś || *uuńś || - || - || -
| PU *onśa "meat, part"; ← II
| PU *onśa "meat, part"; ← II
|-
| "to listen"
| †hadl- || kʷantaal- || *koontl- || *koontl- || xoontl- || *kuuntəɣL- || xuuntt- || -
| PU *kontalə- (cf. F. *kuuntëlë-)
|-
|-
| "to step on; to climb"
| "to step on; to climb"

Revision as of 14:22, 6 February 2014

A table of Common Ugric vocabulary scavenged from various sources.

To gage the distribution and regularity of these, I'm listing the main varieties of Mansi and Khanty separately.

(Methodological note: in most previous research, a Hungarian reflex has been considered necessary for considering a word to be Common Ugric — although the existence of Ob-Ugric as a separate branch has never been demonstrated.)

Word Hungarian SMs WMs EMs NMs EKh SKh NKh Notes
"to stick into" akad- takn- - *tåxn- taxn- *ɬooɣɯɯn- tooxən- *tooxən- Hu. *ʊ > a / _[-VCD]?
"to bild; to fix" alkot- alt- olt- oolt- oolt- *aaLt- *oottə- *aaLtə-
"" által ??
"father" apa cf. PU *ëppə "father-in-law" > HU ipa
"stream; lake" ár - tuur tuur tuur(†ə) *ɬaar toor *Laar ← II; cf. Fi. sarajas, P. *šoor. VS tur
"" ara - - - -
"younger mtrnl relat." ara - LM oår - oor ooĺii *oorti
"gold; copper" arany tarəń *tariń tårəń - *ɬoorńə - - ← II
"" aszik ??
"to swear; to say" átkoz - - - - aat- - - Weak.
"" atval - - - -
"to wet; to dive" áz- - - - - *ɬastə- tastə- Kz ɬostə- z : s? ∅z : st??
"" bërke - - - ??
"to drip" buzog- pask- *pëëss- *pëësɣ- paasɣ- *paasəɣ- *poosɣə- *paasii- cf. WU #piśa- "drop"?!
"" csigolya ??
"sprout" csíra ćürkiit- śirk śɪrk śirka - - - cf. Fi. sirkka?!
"" csókol - - -
"knot" cseg
~ csög		 - śäŋkəl śiŋkəl-t- - - - - Or Hu ~ P+Kh *ćuŋə "finger joint"? P *džek "block"??
"" csuhé
"to thro" †tob- - - - toomp- - - - Weak, onomat.? Std H dob-
"hill, island" domb toomp to/ump tomp tomp - - - Bad
"dog" ëb äämp *öämp *öämp aamp äämp aamp aamp
"to harden" edz- - - *öät- - äät- aat- aat-- also cf. Kh *ii₂təp "steel"
"inside; at home" *jʊ- jüw jüw juw juw jooɣ jox joxii
"blade" él iĺmət iĺəm iĺəm eelmi - - - Ms. shortening?
"" elegyëdik
"other side" elv äləm *öäləm *öäləm aaləm J aaɬəm aatəm -
"to caress; to kiss" enyel(ëg-) üńəwl- ińjəl- ińəjl- ańiɣl- - - -
"glue" enyv iĺəm P iĺəm ~
VS jeeĺəm		 iĺəm eeĺəm eejəm aajəm aajəm Ms. shortening?
"strawberry" epër äpərjek *ääpərjeex - - - - -
"squirrel" evet - - - - *jiipə(t) - -
"fat" faggyú - - - - pooĺť puuť puuť
"" fárad - - -
"to separate" fejt- - pääj- pääj- - - - "paajit-"
"bridle" fék pääk - - Check Ms.
"to burst" fekély - - päxl- pokl- - - -
"black" fekete - - - - peɣtə peɣtə puutii
"" fël ??
"" fér - - - ??
"eye of needle, backside" fok - - pʊ/up pup poɣ pow pow Check EMs.
"to flow" foly- poĺćiit- *poĺśt- polśiit- poĺśət- - palťəma- *poɭi-
"type of duck" fú - - - - paaj - - Weak. Cf. Sk. *pake?
"(to) stick" ful(ánk) - pulp pʊlp - *puuL- puutəp - Ms. shortening?
"" fű
"" fülik - - -
"smoke" füst - *pašəm *påšəm posim - - *poosəŋ Kh. ← EMs?
"to stick in" gyakik - - M jɤɤkʷ- - V jooɣɯɯ- - Kz jaxəs- Or H. ~ Fi/Ma *d₂okka-
"(to) plane" dial. gyarol- jar jarə jar jor - - - std gyalu' < gyalló < *ďarl-ɜw? Ms also *jar-ɣ- "to plane"
"root" gyökér
gyökere-		 jükäär jeekər jeekʷər jeekʷar - - -
"to spit" hagyap- - kuĺkəs- O kuĺk- xuĺxas- - - -
"(to have) fever" hagy(máz) - - xoš - kaańť- - xaaś- Or H. ~ PU *kod₂ka "spirit" (máz < "sickness"). Kh "C" xoońť-
"hair" haj - kooj U xooj xooj - - -
"to bend" hajol- - kooj- xojt- - - - -
"" hajt - - -
"mound; tussock" hant - LM komšəl - xoməs - - xoməs
"woodpecker" harkály karkaaj *koorki *koorki xooxra *kajarkɯɯ xaxraaj xaŋraa
"to burst" hasad kaśl- - xaśl- xaśl- - - -
"swan" hattyú kotaaŋ *kʷatəŋ *kʷåtəŋ xotaŋ kotəŋ xotəŋ xotəŋ ← Turkic
"" hërvad - - - -
"7" hét säät *söät *söät saat *ɬääpət taapət *Lääpət ← II, perhaps separately
"to get fat" híz- koot- kuut- U xuut- xuut- VV kaatəɣtə- xoot-tə- Kz xɔɔt-ɬə-
"beaver" hód końťəl kʷontəĺ kuńťəĺ xuntəĺ - - - ← Turkic
"" hozzá - - - -
"" húz - - -
"" i(afia)
"" i(fjú) - - - -
"" iránt
"joint" íz - - - - jöt jet jiit better here than ~ FP *jäsə(n)
"good" jó
java-		 jomaas *jaməs jåməs jomas jem jem jiim Or Kh. ~ F *imeh
"to come" jut- jokt- *joxʷt- joxt- joxt- *joɣət- joxət- joxət-
"mod; hate" kedv - känt - kant - *kent kant
"" keserű - - -
"" keshed
"" ki
"" kísér - - - -
"" köles - - -
"" könnyű
"to hum, moo, growl" könyörög- - - kenɣ- keenɣ- *köönəɣ- kenəj- Kz keeni-
"" köszörül - - -
"" lassú
"" laza
"" lë(ány)
"to step" lép
"" les
"horse" ló
lova-		 low luw lʊ luw *looɣ taaw *Laaw
"shin; foot" loll lʌjəl *lɤɤl
låjl-		 *lɤɤl
låjl-		 laaɣəl *ɭaaɣəɭ laaxəl -
"" magyar
"" malát - - - -
"palm" marok - - - - muurəs muurəs -
"to dive" márt- moors- *muurs- muurs- muurs- *maraa- *mar- *mar-
"warm" meleg määliit *möältəp *möältəp maaltip *meeɭəŋk - *meeɭək
"to be proper; to fit" mélt- - - - - meel- - -
"deep" mély mäl ~
miĺ		 mil mil mil *meL met *mäL P. ńiĺ
"stallion; herd" mén - - - - - - maanəŋ Weak.
"to tear" mënyül- mänəmt- *mänəmt- *määnəmt- manəm- - *meneemə- *meeɳəm-
"" mer
"" mered
"" mese - - - -
"" mét(háló)
"" meztelen - - -
"" mosolyog - - -
"" -nÁl - - -
"sun, day" nap
"" nevet - - -
"" nyék
"" nyer
"8" nyolc ńolalu ńallow ńållåw ńoləlow ńɯɯLəɣ ńiitə *ńiiɣəL Check Ms. Cf. PU *ńeljä "4"?!
"" nyom
"" oldal
"" ólom - - -
"" olt
"" ostor - - -
"" óv
"" óv - - -
"" ragad - - - -
"" rajta - - -
"" rokkan
"to kick; to wade" rúg - - - - röŋkää- roŋk- ruuŋk- Weak. Check Kh.
"" sajtó - - - -
"" -sÁg - - -
"" sellő - - -
"" sötét
"" süpped - - -
"" süt - - -
"" száguld-
"" szalu
"" szár
"" szédül
"" szëg - - - ??
"" szél
"" szik - - -
"word" szó ← Turkic
"" szorgalom
"" szőke - - - -
"" szőr - - -
"" szül - - -
"" táj - - - -
"" tál - - -
"" táltos
"" tekint - - - -
"place" tér - - - -
"" téved
"" tidó
"" torok
"fire" tűz
tüze-		 täwət *töäwt *töäwt - *töɣət *tüüt *tuut Cf. Mongolian tǖdeg "bonfire"
"" '
Cases with g ~ *ɣ
"branch" ág taw *taɣ *tåɣ tow *ɬaɣʷɯɯ tawə *Lowə (Fi. hanka ← Gmc)
"to catch" fog pow- puw- pʊw- puw- - - -
"saddle" nyerëg näwrää *naaɣər nåɣər - nööɣər - -
"quiver" tëgëz - P tääwt täwt tawt tüüɣət tiiwət *tiiwət
Derivational cases
"hay padding" alom - - - - *ɯɯLəm iitəm *iiLəm < PU *ëla-ma
"cover" fëdél - *päntəl päntəl - - - from PU *pintä- "to cover" > fëd-, *pänt-
Cognates elsewhere in Uralic known by now
"hip, butt" ágyék ońćii *uńś uńś *uuńś - - - PU *onśa "meat, part"; ← II
"to listen" †hadl- kʷantaal- *koontl- *koontl- xoontl- *kuuntəɣL- xuuntt- - PU *kontalə- (cf. F. *kuuntëlë-)
"to step on; to climb" hág- kʌʌŋk- *kɤɤŋk- *kɤɤŋk- xaaŋx- VV kaaŋət- xooŋx- *xooŋx- PU *këŋkə- "to climb". Surgut kuuŋət-

Sources

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