User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII

Conjugation of regular verbs

Sample verb: mārore, to see.

Indicative mood

Present tense

The present is a simple tense. The thematic vowel -ū- and the personal endings are added to the verbal roots:

1^st sing.	mārūm
2^nd sing.	mārūt
3^rd sing.	mārū
1^st plur.	mārūmī
2^nd plur.	mārūtī
3^rd plur.	mārūvī
pass.	mārūkī

Imperfect tense

The imperfect is a simple tense. The thematic vowel -o- and the personal endings are added to the verbal roots:

1^st sing.	mārom
2^nd sing.	mārot
3^rd sing.	māro
1^st plur.	māromī
2^nd plur.	mārotī
3^rd plur.	mārovī
pass.	mārokī

Past tense

The past is a simple tense. The thematic vowel -u- and the personal endings are added to the verbal roots:

1^st sing.	mārum
2^nd sing.	mārut
3^rd sing.	māru
1^st plur.	mārumī
2^nd plur.	mārutī
3^rd plur.	māruvī
pass.	mārukī

Pluperfect tense

The pluperfect is a simple tense. The thematic vowel -a- and the personal endings are added to the verbal roots:

1^st sing.	māram
2^nd sing.	mārat
3^rd sing.	māra
1^st plur.	māramī
2^nd plur.	māratī
3^rd plur.	māravī
pass.	mārakī

Future tense

The future is a compound tense. It is built with the dependent present infinitive of the conjugated verb, and the indicative present forms of the verb patore, to go, :

1^st sing.	mārævore patūm
2^nd sing.	mārævore patūt
3^rd sing.	mārævore patū
1^st plur.	mārævore patūmī
2^nd plur.	mārævore patūtī
3^rd plur.	mārævore patūvī
pass.	mārævore patūkī

Anterior future tense

The anterior future is a compound tense. It is built with the dependent past infinitive of the conjugated verb, and the indicative present forms of the verb patore, to go, :

1^st sing.	mārævure patūm
2^nd sing.	mārævure patūt
3^rd sing.	mārævure patū
1^st plur.	mārævure patūmī
2^nd plur.	mārævure patūtī
3^rd plur.	mārævure patūvī
pass.	mārævure patūkī

Future in the past tense

The future in the past is a compound tense. It is built with the dependent present infinitive of the conjugated verb, and the indicative past forms of the verb patore, to go, :

1^st sing.	mārævore patum
2^nd sing.	mārævore patut
3^rd sing.	mārævore patu
1^st plur.	mārævore patumī
2^nd plur.	mārævore patutī
3^rd plur.	mārævore patuvī
pass.	mārævore patukī

Dependent mood

The dependent mood is mostly used in dependent clauses. Its usage in main clauses is limited, usually when a verbal form is introduced by another verb.

In simple tenses, the dependent widely features the infix -æv-, which is placed between the root and the thematic vowels.

Non-finite forms

The non-finite verbal forms are:

Infinitive

The infinitive features the following vocalic suffixes:

	1^st conjug.	2^nd conjug.	3^rd conjug.	4^th conjug.	5^th conjug.
	-o-	-ü-	-ë-	-ɑ-	(various)

The infinitival ending is added to the vocalic tense suffixes:

	1^st conjug.	2^nd conjug.	3^rd conjug.	4^th conjug.	5^th conjug.
	märose	pöħuse	giɕëse	hëhɑse	pɑse

The infinitive is a nominal form of a verb. It is used as a verbal noun in sentences, and it can be declined. It is regarded as a class II noun.

Active participle

The active participle displays four tenses: present, imperfect, past, and future. They are built by adding the participial suffix -ty to the typical vocalic suffix of each tense:

	1^st conjug.	2^nd conjug.	3^rd conjug.	4^th conjug.	5^th conjug.
present	märüty	pöħüty	giɕyty	hëhyty	pöty
imperfect	märoty	pöħoty	giɕëty	hëhɑty	pɑty
past	märɑty	pöħëty	giɕäty	hëhüty	paty
future	märuty	pöħuty	giɕuty	hëhuty	puty

The agentive participle is an adjectival form of a verb. It is linked to nouns which actively perform an action.

As an adjectival form, it displays a complete declension, to agree with the class of the referred noun.

Passive participle

The passive participle displays four tenses: present, imperfect, past, and future. They are built by adding the participial suffix -ňi to the typical vocalic suffix of each tense:

	1^st conjug.	2^nd conjug.	3^rd conjug.	4^th conjug.	5^th conjug.
present	märüňi	pöħüňi	giɕyňi	hëhyňi	pöňi
imperfect	märoňi	pöħoňi	giɕëňi	hëhɑňi	pɑňi
past	märɑňi	pöħëňi	giɕäňi	hëhüňi	paňi
future	märuňi	pöħuňi	giɕuňi	hëhuňi	puňi

The passive participle is an adjectival form of a verb. It is linked to nouns which undergo an action, or inactively are in a certain state.

Despite the lack of a verbal passive form, this participle is the closest form to such role. It can, however, be used only as an adjective and it is often used to build relative clauses, in which the object is the linked noun, and the subject is declined in the agentive case. In the earlier period it is not used in this role.

henek märɑňi säre
the woman seen by the man