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Main article: Ṙaçi

This page gives an extensive description of Ṙaçi phonological features.

Consonants

The consonant system distinguishes 42 phonemes, traditionally arranged in the following scheme:

		IPA			Transcription
plosive	voiceless	[p]	[k]	[t]	p	k	t
	voiced	[b]	[g]	[d]	b	g	d
	uvular		[q]			q
	glottal		[ʔ]			ʔ
	palatal		[ɟ]			ɟ
nasal		[n]	[ɴ]	[ɲ]	n	ṅ	ň
			[m]			m
retroflex	dental	[ʈ]		[ɖ]	ʈ		ɖ
	nasal		[ɳ]			ɳ
	liquid	[ɽ]	[ɻ]	[ɭ]	ɽ	ɽ̇	ɭ
	sibilant	[ʂ]		[ʐ]	ʂ		ʐ
liquid		[r]		[l]	r		l
fricative	sibilant	[s]		[z]	s		z
	post-alveolar	[ʃ]		[ʒ]	š		ž
	palatal-alveolar		[ɕ]			ɕ
	palatal	[ç]		[ʝ]	ç		ʝ
	glottal		[h]			h
	velar		[x]			h
	pharyngeal	[ħ]		[ʕ]	ḣ		ṙ
	labio-dental	[f]		[v]	f		v
affricate		[ʧ]		[ʤ]	č		ǧ
approximant	post-alveolar	[j]		[w]	j		w
	lateral		[ɬ]			[ɬ]
	labio-dental		[ʋ]			[ḃ]

The group of the plosive consonants is essentially rich and distinguishes five sub-groups: voiceless, voiced, voiced aspirated, uvular, glottal and palatal, even though the latter three sub-groups include only one phoneme each.

The groups of the nasal is noticeably rich, while the group of the liquid is considerably poorer.

The group of the fricative consonants is overall well developed, with several places of articulation. None of the sub-groups has a distinction between voiced and voiceless phonemes.

There is no affricate consonant. The phoneme [j] can have both a semivocalic and a full consonantal value.