User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII
Non-finite forms
The non-finite verbal forms are:
Infinitive
It is regarded as the citation form of the verb, and it is not conjugated in person or number. It has, however, a present and a past form, this last formed through the augment. It can take the modal infixes, thus forming a subjunctive and a conditional form.
| present | |||
| past |
The infinitive is a nominal form of a verb. It is used as a verbal noun in sentences, but it cannot be declined as a normal noun; a declension is possible only through the prepositive article. It is regarded as a 2nd class noun.
In its indicative form it is often used as object of modal and auxiliary verbs, while the subjunctive and the conditional forms are mostly used in dependent clauses.
Participle
There are two participial forms, the active participle, and the passive participle. They are used primarily in verbal conjugation, but they can also have an adjectival role, adjoining a noun and pointing to an active or passive role of such noun in the action.
The active participle is formed through the ending -íðə, while the past participle through the ending -uɣi. They have a present and a past form, this last formed through the augment.
| active | ||
| passive |
Numerose sono le forme irregolari, specialmente dovute all’aggiunta dell’aumento. L’aumento infatti può fondersi con la radice verbale, alterandola significativamente.
lîβam
presente passato
attivo lîβíðə êβíðə
passivo lîβuɣi êβuɣi
Il participio attivo è una forma verbale aggettivale che si usa insieme ad un nome per indicare che svolge attivamente un’azione. Il participio passivo è una forma verbale aggettivale che si usa insieme ad un nome per indicare che subisce passivamente un’azione. Quando vengono utilizzati nella coniugazione verbale, i participi sono indeclinabili, mentre quando sono usati come forme aggettivali vengono accompagnati dall’articolo prepositivo e rispettano le regole degli aggettivi.
