User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII

Nouns

The noun cluster is formed by a noun, carrying the main meaning, and by other noun-type forms, namely adjectives, which specify this meaning or add other meaning to the main noun. Inside of a noun cluster, the noun can be replaced by a pronoun.

The noun usually introduces the noun cluster, being preceded by every other specifying form. Thus, other elements conveying possession and belonging are always placed after the noun, as well as every attributive adjective.

sōgo līrora
the man’s house

liəlā oltəwra
my hand

ʔōna jōpā 
the young woman

Non-qualifying adjectives display, however, an irregular behavior about their positioning inside the noun cluster. The indefinite adjectives are nearly always placed before the noun.

hēsəw līro
no man

The interrogative adjectives tend to be placed before the noun, but this is not a strict rule. In complex sentences they appear to be placed after the noun:

ʂəko sōgo?
which house?

līloṕer sōgo fūkara ʂākor?
di quale persona vedi la casa?

The demonstrative adjectives, conversely, display a variable diachronic tendency. In texts from the earlier period, they are almost always placed before the noun, while in later texts they almost always placed after the noun.

niəhtəw sopa / sopa niəhtəw
this dog

The role of the noun cluster in the sentence and its number are marked by case and number endings. These endings mark also other adjectival elements inside the noun cluster, resulting this in the process called nominal agreement.

Both attributive and predicative adjectives agree in case and number with the noun they specify. Particolare è l’accordo nominale degli aggettivi in funzione attributiva, i quali presentano una declinazione con desinenze diverse da quelle nominali. Other elements, which convey possession or belonging do not agree with the main nominal form.

līloṕət́ līroliə jōpāl sōgo
the young man sees the house

sōgo oltəwrano
our house

ʔōnano jōpān
the young women

ʔəɳon ʔōnano jōpāno
the women are young

The agreement among nouns and adjectives is not a universal phenomenon. Indefinite adjectives, indeed, usually do not agree with the nominal form, neither in case nor in number.

The grammar role of noun clusters can be further specified by prepositions, which are placed before the cluster. Thus, it can be stated that the noun cluster can be introduced by a preposition.

ʔiəmēhol kōl sōgoxə
I am going home