User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII
Noun declension
Nouns are declined in case and number by adding the following endings to the base form of the noun:
| -r | -rĩ | |
| - | - ̃ | |
| -š | -šũ |
An example is shown below: sobar, dog.
| sobar | sobarĩ | |
| soba | sobã | |
| sobaš | sobašũ | |
As it can be noticed, the plural form of the accusative case always involves nasalization of the last vowel. This process may happen on every available vowel, but, if the last vowel is already nasal in the singular, the plural accusative form will be identical to its singular counterpart.
Nouns ending in a consonant in the singular direct case usually add a euphonic vowel before the endings of the other cases. There is no tendency on a specific euphonic vowel.
An example is shown below: rimər, world, earth.
| rimər | rimərĩ | |
| rim | rimə̃ | |
| riməš | riməšũ | |
In this case, the added vowel is -ə-, which is regularly nasalized in the accusative plural form. Every euphonic vowel is always shown in the citation form, the singular nominative case.
The vowels -ə-, -i- or -u- are often dropped in the accusative singular, when present before the nominative singular ending.
Some irregular nouns, whose base form ends in a vowel, can add an entire syllable before the case endings.
An example is shown below: swõnur, house.
| swõnur | swõnurĩ | |
| swõ | swõnũ | |
| swõnuš | swõnušũ | |
La sillaba aggiunta irregolarmente è spesso -nə-, -ne-, -ni- o -no-. Molto raramente, se la vocale finale della forma base presenta nasalizzazione, può perdere questo tratto nelle forme espanse con la sillaba aggiuntiva. Queste forme sono considerate irregolari e nei testi più arcaici è possibile trovare numerose forme alternative, come, nell’esempio citato, una forma swonũ, per l’accusativo plurale o swõnošũ per l’obliquo plurale.
Di questi nomi con aggiunta sillabica, un gruppo la cui forma base termina in duplice consonante, può intromettere una vocale eufonica -ə- tra le ultime consonanti della radice della forma base.
An example is shown below: moɣžur, herd.
| moɣžur | moɣžurĩ | |
| moɣəž | moɣžũ | |
| moɣžuš | moɣžušũ | |
