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The verbal negation is conveyed by a distinct negative particle:
The verbal negation is conveyed by a distinct negative particle:


* n
La negazione del verbo viene affidata, come già mostrato, a forme particolari di tipo negativo dei suffissi verbali di tempo.
wooha tternine reenigæpiid → wooha tternine reenigæpeer
il cane ha morso l’uomo → il cane non ha morso l’uomo
Il tempo presente, il quale non presenta alcuna desinenza, presenta invece sempre la desinenza designata in una frase negativa.
roo kumirom → roo kumiromal
sto mangiando → non sto mangiando
La desinenza negativa del tempo presente viene utilizzata per negare anche la forma imperativa, normalmente non caratterizzata da alcun tipo di desinenza.


This particle, being an only semivocalic consonant, cannot be clearly classified either as an adverb or as a prefix. Phonologically it blends with the following word, becoming a new unstressed syllable of the word.
śiibæd! → śiibæ'''dæl'''!
<small>sleep! → don't sleep!</small>


If the following word already begins with a nasal consonant, an euphonic vowel [ə] is added to the negative particle, which gains a full syllabic value:
''Double negatives'' are generally '''''not''' allowed''; the presence of another negative element in the sentence inhibits the negative adverb.
 
* nə
 
Given its relevant syntactical and phonological value, the negative particle is usually written with a dash (-), to be clearly distinguished from the followin word.
 
The verbal form is thus negated by placing the negative particle ''before'' it.
 
tɬīx xūɸɴ ɸāquɣ → tɬīx xūɸɴ '''n-'''ɸāquɣ
<small>the man saw the dog → the man didn't see the dog</small>
 
With a compound verbal form, the particle is usually added to the auxiliary verb.


  tɬīx xūɸɴ ɸaqurā sūɣ → tɬīx xūɸɴ ɸaqurā '''n-'''sūɣ
  roo retine tuurkarom → roo oortuno retine tuurkarom
  <small>the man is watching the dog → the man isn't watching the dog</small>
  <small>I see a person → I see no person</small>
 
The negative particle, however, can be added to any other element in the sentence, to specifically negate such element.
 
xūɸ tɬīxɴ xərɟuɣ → '''n-'''xūɸ tɬīxɴ xərɟuɣ
<small>the dog bit the man → it wasn't the dog the one who bit the man</small>
 
''Double negatives'' are generally '''''not''' allowed''; the presence of another negative element in the sentence inhibits the negative adverb.

Revision as of 01:34, 4 July 2025

Negation

The verbal negation is conveyed by a distinct negative particle:

La negazione del verbo viene affidata, come già mostrato, a forme particolari di tipo negativo dei suffissi verbali di tempo. wooha tternine reenigæpiid → wooha tternine reenigæpeer il cane ha morso l’uomo → il cane non ha morso l’uomo Il tempo presente, il quale non presenta alcuna desinenza, presenta invece sempre la desinenza designata in una frase negativa. roo kumirom → roo kumiromal sto mangiando → non sto mangiando La desinenza negativa del tempo presente viene utilizzata per negare anche la forma imperativa, normalmente non caratterizzata da alcun tipo di desinenza. 

śiibæd! → śiibædæl!
sleep! → don't sleep!

Double negatives are generally not allowed; the presence of another negative element in the sentence inhibits the negative adverb. 

roo retine tuurkarom → roo oortuno retine tuurkarom
I see a person → I see no person
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