User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII

Negation

The verbal negation is conveyed by the negative verb hīsiwgɛ. As it has a monosyllabic root, it does not display a perfective root.

Within the sentence this verb is conjugated according to the person and the number of its subject and according to the required tense. It has the indicative infinitival form of the negated verb as direct object, which is placed in the secondary verbal position. The aspectual information is conveyed by the infinitival form. The object of the infinitive, is, as a rule, declined in the ablative case.

subɛliw hɛňīmɛčɛc wīru → subɛliw hɛhīsjɛc wīrušu ňīmɛčiwgɛ
the dog bit the man → the dog didn’t bite the man

subɛ čēlun → subɛ hīs čēluniwgɛ
the dog is sleeping → the dog isn’t sleeping

As can be seen, the negative verbs can use both the third person endings, according to the rules and the animacy degrees conveyed by the negated verb.

In compound tenses the infinitival form of the auxiliary is placed in the secondary position, while the negative verb is used in the same tense and mood of the auxiliary verb in the positive form.

çɛňir çu çɛsēriwgɛ → hīsir çu çɛsēriwgɛ çɛňiwgɛ
you will be helping me → you will not be helping me

Double negatives are generally not allowed; the presence of another negative element in the sentence inhibits the negative verb.

In later texts the usage of the infinitive gets increasingly confused, often agreeing with the negative verb in mood.