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| The construction of the various tenses is similar to the indicative ones, with the conditional forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, ''to be'', replacing their indicative counterparts. However, the conditional lacks any future tense. | | The construction of the various tenses is similar to the indicative ones, with the conditional forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, ''to be'', replacing their indicative counterparts. However, the conditional lacks any future tense. |
|
| |
| =====Present tense=====
| |
| The '''present''' is built with the present active participle of the conjugated verb and the subjunctive present forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, ''to be''. The passive counterparts are built with the present passive participle.
| |
|
| |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| |-
| |
| | || colspan="2" | <center>''<small>active</small>''</center> || colspan="2" | <center>''<small>passive</small>''</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="width: 70px;"| || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>positive</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>negative</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>positive</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>negative</small>''</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>minušjid wũšev</center> || <center>minušjid wũšivs</center> || <center>minušug wũšev</center> || <center>minušug wũšivs</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>minušjid wũšr</center> || <center>minušjid wũšris</center> || <center>minušug wũšr</center> || <center>minušug wũšris</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>minušjid wũš</center> || <center>minušjid wũšis</center> || <center>minušug wũš</center> || <center>minušug wũšis</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>minušjidũ wũšõ</center> || <center>minušjidũ wũšũs</center> || <center>minušuɣĩ wũšrõ</center> || <center>minušuɣĩ wũšũs</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>minušjidũ wũšrõ</center> || <center>minušjidũ wũšrũs</center> || <center>minušuɣĩ wũšrõ</center> || <center>minušuɣĩ wũšrũs</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>minušjidũ wũžõ</center> || <center>minušjidũ wũžũs</center> || <center>minušuɣĩ wũžõ</center> || <center>minušuɣĩ wũžũs</center>
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| Modal verbs can replace the corresponding forms of the verb wĩňid, if required.
| |
|
| |
| =====Imperfect tense=====
| |
| The '''imperfect''' is built with the past active participle of the conjugated verb and the subjunctive present forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, ''to be''. The passive counterparts are built with the past passive participle.
| |
|
| |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| |-
| |
| | || colspan="2" | <center>''<small>active</small>''</center> || colspan="2" | <center>''<small>passive</small>''</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="width: 70px;"| || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>positive</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>negative</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>positive</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>negative</small>''</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>munišjid wũšev</center> || <center>munišjid wũšivs</center> || <center>munišug wũšev</center> || <center>munišug wũšivs</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>munišjid wũšr</center> || <center>munišjid wũšris</center> || <center>munišug wũšr</center> || <center>munišug wũšris</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>munišjid wũš</center> || <center>munišjid wũšis</center> || <center>munišug wũš</center> || <center>munišug wũšis</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>munišjidũ wũšõ</center> || <center>munišjidũ wũšũs</center> || <center>munišuɣĩ wũšõ</center> || <center>munišuɣĩ wũšũs</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>munišjidũ wũšrõ</center> || <center>munišjidũ wũšrũs</center> || <center>munišuɣĩ wũšrõ</center> || <center>munišuɣĩ wũšrũs</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>munišjidũ wũžõ</center> || <center>munišjidũ wũžũs</center> || <center>munišuɣĩ wũžõ</center> || <center>munišuɣĩ wũžũs</center>
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| Modal verbs can replace the corresponding forms of the verb wĩňid, if required.
| |
|
| |
| =====Past tense=====
| |
| The '''past''' is built with the present active participle of the conjugated verb and the subjunctive imperfect forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, ''to be''. The passive counterparts are built with the present passive participle.
| |
|
| |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| |-
| |
| | || colspan="2" | <center>''<small>active</small>''</center> || colspan="2" | <center>''<small>passive</small>''</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="width: 70px;"| || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>positive</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>negative</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>positive</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>negative</small>''</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>minušjid jũšev</center> || <center>minušjid jũšivs</center> || <center>minušug jũšev</center> || <center>minušug jũšivs</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>minušjid jũšr</center> || <center>minušjid jũšris</center> || <center>minušug jũšr</center> || <center>minušug jũšris</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>minušjid jũš</center> || <center>minušjid jũšis</center> || <center>minušug jũš</center> || <center>minušug jũšis</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>minušjidũ jũšõ</center> || <center>minušjidũ jũšũs</center> || <center>minušuɣĩ jũšõ</center> || <center>minušuɣĩ jũšũs</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>minušjidũ jũšrõ</center> || <center>minušjidũ jũšrũs</center> || <center>minušuɣĩ jũšrõ</center> || <center>minušuɣĩ jũšrũs</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>minušjidũ jũžõ</center> || <center>minušjidũ jũžũs</center> || <center>minušuɣĩ jũžõ</center> || <center>minušuɣĩ jũžũs</center>
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| Modal verbs can replace the corresponding forms of the verb wĩňid, if required.
| |
|
| |
| =====Pluperfect tense=====
| |
| The '''pluperfect''' is built with the past active participle of the conjugated verb and the subjunctive imperfect forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, ''to be''. The passive counterparts are built with the past passive participle.
| |
|
| |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| |-
| |
| | || colspan="2" | <center>''<small>active</small>''</center> || colspan="2" | <center>''<small>passive</small>''</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="width: 70px;"| || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>positive</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>negative</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>positive</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>negative</small>''</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>munišjid jũšev</center> || <center>munišjid jũšivs</center> || <center>munišug jũšev</center> || <center>munišug jũšivs</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>munišjid jũšr</center> || <center>munišjid jũšris</center> || <center>munišug jũšr</center> || <center>munišug jũšris</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>munišjid jũš</center> || <center>munišjid jũšis</center> || <center>munišug jũš</center> || <center>munišug jũšis</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>munišjidũ jũšõ</center> || <center>munišjidũ jũšũs</center> || <center>munišuɣĩ jũšõ</center> || <center>munišuɣĩ jũšũs</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>munišjidũ jũšrõ</center> || <center>munišjidũ jũšrũs</center> || <center>munišuɣĩ jũšrõ</center> || <center>munišuɣĩ jũšrũs</center>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>munišjidũ jũžõ</center> || <center>munišjidũ jũžũs</center> || <center>munišuɣĩ jũžõ</center> || <center>munišuɣĩ jũžũs</center>
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| Modal verbs can replace the corresponding forms of the verb wĩňid, if required.
| |
|
| |
| ====Subjunctive mood====
| |
| The '''subjunctive''' mood is mostly used in dependent clauses, in the so-called personal constructional. Its usage in main clauses is quite limited, except for its role as an imperative form. It can also convey exhortation or wish.
| |
|
| |
| The construction of the various tenses is similar to the indicative ones, with the subjunctive forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, ''to be'', replacing their indicative counterparts. However, the subjunctive lacks any future tense.
| |
|
| |
|
| =====Present tense===== | | =====Present tense===== |
Conjugation of a regular verb
Sample verb: minušjid (munišjid, minušug, minušaža, minuš-/muniš-), to twist, to bend
Indicative mood
Present tense
The present is built with the present active participle of the conjugated verb and the indicative present forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, to be. The passive counterparts are built with the present passive participle.
|
active |
passive
|
|
positive |
negative |
positive |
negative
|
| 1st sing. |
minušjid wẽv |
minušjid wĩvs |
minušug wẽv |
minušug wĩvs
|
| 2nd sing. |
minušjid wẽr |
minušjid wĩrs |
minušug wẽr |
minušug wĩrs
|
| 3rd sing. |
minušjid wẽh |
minušjid wĩs |
minušug wẽh |
minušug wĩs
|
| 1st plur. |
minušjidũ wẽnõ |
minušjidũ wĩns |
minušuɣĩ wẽnõ |
minušuɣĩ wĩns
|
| 2nd plur. |
minušjidũ wẽrõ |
minušjidũ wĩrõs |
minušuɣĩ wẽrõ |
minušuɣĩ wĩrõs
|
| 3rd plur. |
minušjidũ wẽžõ |
minušjidũ wĩžõs |
minušuɣĩ wẽžõ |
minušuɣĩ wĩžõs
|
Modal verbs can replace the corresponding forms of the verb wĩňid, if required.
The negative forms are used to negate the verb:
ort nwẽt řirušjid wẽv → ort nwẽt řirušjid wĩvs
I see you → I don't see you
The present tense conveys ongoing, habitual or gnomic actions or states.
Imperfect tense
The imperfect is built with the past active participle of the conjugated verb and the indicative present forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, to be. The passive counterparts are built with the past passive participle.
|
active |
passive
|
|
positive |
negative |
positive |
negative
|
| 1st sing. |
munišjid wẽv |
munišjid wĩvs |
munišug wẽv |
munišug wĩvs
|
| 2nd sing. |
munišjid wẽr |
munišjid wĩrs |
munišug wẽr |
munišug wĩrs
|
| 3rd sing. |
munišjid wẽh |
munišjid wĩs |
munišug wẽh |
munišug wĩs
|
| 1st plur. |
munišjidũ wẽnõ |
munišjidũ wĩns |
munišuɣĩ wẽnõ |
munišuɣĩ wĩns
|
| 2nd plur. |
munišjidũ wẽrõ |
munišjidũ wĩrõs |
munišuɣĩ wẽrõ |
munišuɣĩ wĩrõs
|
| 3rd plur. |
munišjidũ wẽžõ |
munišjidũ wĩžõs |
munišuɣĩ wẽžõ |
munišuɣĩ wĩžõs
|
Modal verbs can replace the corresponding forms of the verb wĩňid, if required.
The negative forms are used to negate the verb:
ort nwẽt aruřišjid wẽv → ort nwẽt aruřišjid wĩvs
I used to see you → I didn't see you
The imperfect tense conveys ongoing or habitual actions or states in the past.
Past tense
The past is built with the present active participle of the conjugated verb and the indicative imperfect forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, to be. The passive counterparts are built with the present passive participle.
|
active |
passive
|
|
positive |
negative |
positive |
negative
|
| 1st sing. |
minušjid jẽv |
minušjid jĩvs |
minušug jẽv |
minušug jĩvs
|
| 2nd sing. |
minušjid jẽr |
minušjid jĩrs |
minušug jẽr |
minušug jĩrs
|
| 3rd sing. |
minušjid jẽh |
minušjid jĩs |
minušug jẽh |
minušug jĩs
|
| 1st plur. |
minušjidũ jẽnõ |
minušjidũ jĩns |
minušuɣĩ jẽnõ |
minušuɣĩ jĩns
|
| 2nd plur. |
minušjidũ jẽrõ |
minušjidũ jĩrõs |
minušuɣĩ jẽrõ |
minušuɣĩ jĩrõs
|
| 3rd plur. |
minušjidũ jẽžõ |
minušjidũ jĩžõs |
minušuɣĩ jẽžõ |
minušuɣĩ jĩžõs
|
Modal verbs can replace the corresponding forms of the verb wĩňid, if required.
The negative forms are used to negate the verb:
ort nwẽt řirušjid jẽv → ort nwẽt řirušjid jĩvs
I saw you → I didn't see you
The past tense conveys completed actions or states in the past.
Pluperfect tense
The pluperfect is built with the past active participle of the conjugated verb and the indicative imperfect forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, to be. The passive counterparts are built with the past passive participle.
|
active |
passive
|
|
positive |
negative |
positive |
negative
|
| 1st sing. |
munišjid jẽv |
munišjid jĩvs |
munišug jẽv |
munišug jĩvs
|
| 2nd sing. |
munišjid jẽr |
munišjid jĩrs |
munišug jẽr |
munišug jĩrs
|
| 3rd sing. |
munišjid jẽh |
munišjid jĩs |
munišug jẽh |
munišug jĩs
|
| 1st plur. |
munišjidũ jẽnõ |
munišjidũ jĩns |
munišuɣĩ jẽnõ |
munišuɣĩ jĩns
|
| 2nd plur. |
munišjidũ jẽrõ |
munišjidũ jĩrõs |
munišuɣĩ jẽrõ |
munišuɣĩ jĩrõs
|
| 3rd plur. |
munišjidũ jẽžõ |
munišjidũ jĩžõs |
munišuɣĩ jẽžõ |
munišuɣĩ jĩžõs
|
Modal verbs can replace the corresponding forms of the verb wĩňid, if required.
The negative forms are used to negate the verb:
ort nwẽt řirušjid jẽv → ort nwẽt řirušjid jĩvs
I had seen you → I hadn't seen you
The plusperfect tense conveys completed actions or states before another past action or state.
Future tense
The future is built with the present active participle of the conjugated verb and the indicative present forms of the auxiliary verb mid, to go. The passive counterparts are built with the present passive participle.
|
active |
passive
|
|
positive |
negative |
positive |
negative
|
| 1st sing. |
minušjid mjov |
minušjid mjuvs |
minušug mjov |
minušug mjuvs
|
| 2nd sing. |
minušjid mjer |
minušjid mjirs |
minušug mjer |
minušug mjirs
|
| 3rd sing. |
minušjid mješ |
minušjid mjiš |
minušug mješ |
minušug mjiš
|
| 1st plur. |
minušjidũ mjõ |
minušjidũ mjũs |
minušuɣĩ mjõ |
minušuɣĩ mjũs
|
| 2nd plur. |
minušjidũ mjerõ |
minušjidũ mjirũs |
minušuɣĩ mjerõ |
minušuɣĩ mjirũs
|
| 3rd plur. |
minušjidũ mježõ |
minušjidũ mjižũs |
minušuɣĩ mježõ |
minušuɣĩ mjižũs
|
Modal verbs cannot replace the corresponding forms of the verb mid in the future tense. The present forms are used to convey this tense.
The negative forms are used to negate the verb:
ort nwẽt řirušjid mjov → ort nwẽt řirušjid mjuvs
I will see you → I won't see you
The future tense conveys actions or states which will be completed, habitual or ongoing in the future.
Anterior future tense
The anterior future is built with the present active participle of the conjugated verb and the indicative imperfect forms of the auxiliary verb mid, to go. The passive counterparts are built with the present passive participle.
|
active |
passive
|
|
positive |
negative |
positive |
negative
|
| 1st sing. |
minušjid imjov |
minušjid imjuvs |
minušug imjov |
minušug imjuvs
|
| 2nd sing. |
minušjid imir |
minušjid imirs |
minušug imir |
minušug imirs
|
| 3rd sing. |
minušjid imeš |
minušjid imiš |
minušug imeš |
minušug imiš
|
| 1st plur. |
minušjidũ imjõ |
minušjidũ imjũs |
minušuɣĩ imjõ |
minušuɣĩ imjũs
|
| 2nd plur. |
minušjidũ imirõ |
minušjidũ imirũs |
minušuɣĩ imirõ |
minušuɣĩ imirũs
|
| 3rd plur. |
minušjidũ imižõ |
minušjidũ imižũs |
minušuɣĩ imižõ |
minušuɣĩ imižũs
|
Modal verbs cannot replace the corresponding forms of the verb mid in the anterior future tense.
The negative forms are used to negate the verb:
ort nwẽt řirušjid imjov → ort nwẽt řirušjid imjuvs
I will have seen you → I won't have seen you
The anterior future tense conveys completed conveys actions or states which will be completed before another future action or state.
Future in the past tense
The future in the past is built with the past active participle of the conjugated verb and the indicative imperfect forms of the auxiliary verb mid, to go. The passive counterparts are built with the past passive participle.
|
active |
passive
|
|
positive |
negative |
positive |
negative
|
| 1st sing. |
munišjid imjov |
munišjid imjuvs |
munišug imjov |
munišug imjuvs
|
| 2nd sing. |
munišjid imir |
munišjid imirs |
munišug imir |
munišug imirs
|
| 3rd sing. |
munišjid imeš |
munišjid imiš |
munišug imeš |
munišug imiš
|
| 1st plur. |
munišjidũ imjõ |
munišjidũ imjũs |
munišuɣĩ imjõ |
munišuɣĩ imjũs
|
| 2nd plur. |
munišjidũ imirõ |
munišjidũ imirũs |
munišuɣĩ imirõ |
munišuɣĩ imirũs
|
| 3rd plur. |
munišjidũ imižõ |
munišjidũ imižũs |
munišuɣĩ imižõ |
munišuɣĩ imižũs
|
Modal verbs cannot replace the corresponding forms of the verb mid in the future in the past tense. The past or plurperfect conditional forms are used to convey this tense.
The negative forms are used to negate the verb:
ort nwẽt řirušjid imjov → ort nwẽt řirušjid imjuvs
I would see you → I would not see you
The future in the past tense conveys completed conveys actions or states which would be completed after another past action or state.
Subjunctive mood
The subjunctive mood is mostly used in dependent clauses, in the so-called personal constructional. Its usage in main clauses is quite limited, except for its role as an imperative form. It can also convey exhortation or wish.
The construction of the various tenses is similar to the indicative ones, with the subjunctive forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, to be, replacing their indicative counterparts. However, the subjunctive lacks any future tense.
Present tense
The present is built with the present active participle of the conjugated verb and the subjunctive present forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, to be. The passive counterparts are built with the present passive participle.
|
active |
passive
|
|
positive |
negative |
positive |
negative
|
| 1st sing. |
minušjid wũšev |
minušjid wũšivs |
minušug wũšev |
minušug wũšivs
|
| 2nd sing. |
minušjid wũšr |
minušjid wũšris |
minušug wũšr |
minušug wũšris
|
| 3rd sing. |
minušjid wũš |
minušjid wũšis |
minušug wũš |
minušug wũšis
|
| 1st plur. |
minušjidũ wũšõ |
minušjidũ wũšũs |
minušuɣĩ wũšrõ |
minušuɣĩ wũšũs
|
| 2nd plur. |
minušjidũ wũšrõ |
minušjidũ wũšrũs |
minušuɣĩ wũšrõ |
minušuɣĩ wũšrũs
|
| 3rd plur. |
minušjidũ wũžõ |
minušjidũ wũžũs |
minušuɣĩ wũžõ |
minušuɣĩ wũžũs
|
Modal verbs can replace the corresponding forms of the verb wĩňid, if required.
Imperfect tense
The imperfect is built with the past active participle of the conjugated verb and the subjunctive present forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, to be. The passive counterparts are built with the past passive participle.
|
active |
passive
|
|
positive |
negative |
positive |
negative
|
| 1st sing. |
munišjid wũšev |
munišjid wũšivs |
munišug wũšev |
munišug wũšivs
|
| 2nd sing. |
munišjid wũšr |
munišjid wũšris |
munišug wũšr |
munišug wũšris
|
| 3rd sing. |
munišjid wũš |
munišjid wũšis |
munišug wũš |
munišug wũšis
|
| 1st plur. |
munišjidũ wũšõ |
munišjidũ wũšũs |
munišuɣĩ wũšõ |
munišuɣĩ wũšũs
|
| 2nd plur. |
munišjidũ wũšrõ |
munišjidũ wũšrũs |
munišuɣĩ wũšrõ |
munišuɣĩ wũšrũs
|
| 3rd plur. |
munišjidũ wũžõ |
munišjidũ wũžũs |
munišuɣĩ wũžõ |
munišuɣĩ wũžũs
|
Modal verbs can replace the corresponding forms of the verb wĩňid, if required.
Past tense
The past is built with the present active participle of the conjugated verb and the subjunctive imperfect forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, to be. The passive counterparts are built with the present passive participle.
|
active |
passive
|
|
positive |
negative |
positive |
negative
|
| 1st sing. |
minušjid jũšev |
minušjid jũšivs |
minušug jũšev |
minušug jũšivs
|
| 2nd sing. |
minušjid jũšr |
minušjid jũšris |
minušug jũšr |
minušug jũšris
|
| 3rd sing. |
minušjid jũš |
minušjid jũšis |
minušug jũš |
minušug jũšis
|
| 1st plur. |
minušjidũ jũšõ |
minušjidũ jũšũs |
minušuɣĩ jũšõ |
minušuɣĩ jũšũs
|
| 2nd plur. |
minušjidũ jũšrõ |
minušjidũ jũšrũs |
minušuɣĩ jũšrõ |
minušuɣĩ jũšrũs
|
| 3rd plur. |
minušjidũ jũžõ |
minušjidũ jũžũs |
minušuɣĩ jũžõ |
minušuɣĩ jũžũs
|
Modal verbs can replace the corresponding forms of the verb wĩňid, if required.
Pluperfect tense
The pluperfect is built with the past active participle of the conjugated verb and the subjunctive imperfect forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, to be. The passive counterparts are built with the past passive participle.
|
active |
passive
|
|
positive |
negative |
positive |
negative
|
| 1st sing. |
munišjid jũšev |
munišjid jũšivs |
munišug jũšev |
munišug jũšivs
|
| 2nd sing. |
munišjid jũšr |
munišjid jũšris |
munišug jũšr |
munišug jũšris
|
| 3rd sing. |
munišjid jũš |
munišjid jũšis |
munišug jũš |
munišug jũšis
|
| 1st plur. |
munišjidũ jũšõ |
munišjidũ jũšũs |
munišuɣĩ jũšõ |
munišuɣĩ jũšũs
|
| 2nd plur. |
munišjidũ jũšrõ |
munišjidũ jũšrũs |
munišuɣĩ jũšrõ |
munišuɣĩ jũšrũs
|
| 3rd plur. |
munišjidũ jũžõ |
munišjidũ jũžũs |
munišuɣĩ jũžõ |
munišuɣĩ jũžũs
|
Modal verbs can replace the corresponding forms of the verb wĩňid, if required.
Conditional mood
The conditional mood is used to convey potentiality and probability. It is regularly used both in main and dependent clauses. In a limited manner, it may also convey wish and desire.
The construction of the various tenses is similar to the indicative ones, with the conditional forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, to be, replacing their indicative counterparts. However, the conditional lacks any future tense.
Present tense
The present is built with the present active participle of the conjugated verb and the subjunctive present forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, to be. The passive counterparts are built with the present passive participle.
|
active |
passive
|
|
positive |
negative |
positive |
negative
|
| 1st sing. |
minušjid wũšev |
minušjid wũšivs |
minušug wũšev |
minušug wũšivs
|
| 2nd sing. |
minušjid wũšr |
minušjid wũšris |
minušug wũšr |
minušug wũšris
|
| 3rd sing. |
minušjid wũš |
minušjid wũšis |
minušug wũš |
minušug wũšis
|
| 1st plur. |
minušjidũ wũšõ |
minušjidũ wũšũs |
minušuɣĩ wũšrõ |
minušuɣĩ wũšũs
|
| 2nd plur. |
minušjidũ wũšrõ |
minušjidũ wũšrũs |
minušuɣĩ wũšrõ |
minušuɣĩ wũšrũs
|
| 3rd plur. |
minušjidũ wũžõ |
minušjidũ wũžũs |
minušuɣĩ wũžõ |
minušuɣĩ wũžũs
|
Modal verbs can replace the corresponding forms of the verb wĩňid, if required.
Imperfect tense
The imperfect is built with the past active participle of the conjugated verb and the subjunctive present forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, to be. The passive counterparts are built with the past passive participle.
|
active |
passive
|
|
positive |
negative |
positive |
negative
|
| 1st sing. |
munišjid wũšev |
munišjid wũšivs |
munišug wũšev |
munišug wũšivs
|
| 2nd sing. |
munišjid wũšr |
munišjid wũšris |
munišug wũšr |
munišug wũšris
|
| 3rd sing. |
munišjid wũš |
munišjid wũšis |
munišug wũš |
munišug wũšis
|
| 1st plur. |
munišjidũ wũšõ |
munišjidũ wũšũs |
munišuɣĩ wũšõ |
munišuɣĩ wũšũs
|
| 2nd plur. |
munišjidũ wũšrõ |
munišjidũ wũšrũs |
munišuɣĩ wũšrõ |
munišuɣĩ wũšrũs
|
| 3rd plur. |
munišjidũ wũžõ |
munišjidũ wũžũs |
munišuɣĩ wũžõ |
munišuɣĩ wũžũs
|
Modal verbs can replace the corresponding forms of the verb wĩňid, if required.
Past tense
The past is built with the present active participle of the conjugated verb and the subjunctive imperfect forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, to be. The passive counterparts are built with the present passive participle.
|
active |
passive
|
|
positive |
negative |
positive |
negative
|
| 1st sing. |
minušjid jũšev |
minušjid jũšivs |
minušug jũšev |
minušug jũšivs
|
| 2nd sing. |
minušjid jũšr |
minušjid jũšris |
minušug jũšr |
minušug jũšris
|
| 3rd sing. |
minušjid jũš |
minušjid jũšis |
minušug jũš |
minušug jũšis
|
| 1st plur. |
minušjidũ jũšõ |
minušjidũ jũšũs |
minušuɣĩ jũšõ |
minušuɣĩ jũšũs
|
| 2nd plur. |
minušjidũ jũšrõ |
minušjidũ jũšrũs |
minušuɣĩ jũšrõ |
minušuɣĩ jũšrũs
|
| 3rd plur. |
minušjidũ jũžõ |
minušjidũ jũžũs |
minušuɣĩ jũžõ |
minušuɣĩ jũžũs
|
Modal verbs can replace the corresponding forms of the verb wĩňid, if required.
Pluperfect tense
The pluperfect is built with the past active participle of the conjugated verb and the subjunctive imperfect forms of the auxiliary verb wĩňid, to be. The passive counterparts are built with the past passive participle.
|
active |
passive
|
|
positive |
negative |
positive |
negative
|
| 1st sing. |
munišjid jũšev |
munišjid jũšivs |
munišug jũšev |
munišug jũšivs
|
| 2nd sing. |
munišjid jũšr |
munišjid jũšris |
munišug jũšr |
munišug jũšris
|
| 3rd sing. |
munišjid jũš |
munišjid jũšis |
munišug jũš |
munišug jũšis
|
| 1st plur. |
munišjidũ jũšõ |
munišjidũ jũšũs |
munišuɣĩ jũšõ |
munišuɣĩ jũšũs
|
| 2nd plur. |
munišjidũ jũšrõ |
munišjidũ jũšrũs |
munišuɣĩ jũšrõ |
munišuɣĩ jũšrũs
|
| 3rd plur. |
munišjidũ jũžõ |
munišjidũ jũžũs |
munišuɣĩ jũžõ |
munišuɣĩ jũžũs
|
Modal verbs can replace the corresponding forms of the verb wĩňid, if required.
