User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII: Difference between revisions
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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| style="width: 70px;"| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> sing.</small>'' || style="width: 70px;"| <center>- | | style="width: 70px;"| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> sing.</small>'' || style="width: 70px;"| <center>-ow</center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>- | | ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>-ər</center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>- | | rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>-eš</center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>-</center> | | <center>-</center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="width: 70px;"| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> | | style="width: 70px;"| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> dual</small>'' || style="width: 70px;"| <center>-ohi</center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> | | ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> dual</small>'' || <center>-əri</center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>- | | rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> dual</small>'' || <center>-eši</center> | ||
|- | |||
| <center>-i</center> | |||
|- | |||
| style="width: 70px;"| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> plur.</small>'' || style="width: 70px;"| <center>-ohon</center> | |||
|- | |||
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>-əron</center> | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>-ešon</center> | |||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>-on</center> | | <center>-on</center> | ||
Revision as of 01:13, 7 June 2025
Verbs
The verbal system of ancient Figo language is based on the fundamental dichotomy between two verbal roots, the present root and the preterite root. The basic root is usually the present one, while the preterite root is usually derived from the present one through an introflexive process of vowel switching, and by by means of the prefix a-, known as augment,:
CV1CV2C → aCV2CV1C
Example:
Rimp = sōsun- → Rprf = asusōn-
There are three verbal moods and four non-finite forms:
- Moods: indicative, subjunctive, potential
- Non-finite: primary infinitive, secondary infinitive, agentive participle, passive participle
The citation form of verbs is the present imperfective infinitive, marked by the ending -em, added to the imperfective root in its present form. From such form the present root can be inferred and can be changed in its preterite equivalent.
On the verbal roots six verbal tense are formed:
- present
- preterite
- perfect
- plusquamperfect
- future
- anterior future
The following personal endings are then added to the various aspectual and temporal forms. In this way, verbs show their agreement with the clause subject in person and number:
| 1st sing. | |
| 2nd sing. | |
| 3rd sing. | |
| 1st dual | |
| 2nd dual | |
| 3rd dual | |
| 1st plur. | |
| 2nd plur. | |
| 3rd plur. | |
The different moods are formed by adding the following infixes to the verbal root, before the personal endings:
- indicative: Ø
- subjunctive: -oč-
- potential: -eč-
The non-finite verbal forms are meant as nominal/adjectival forms of the same verbs. They do not add the personal endings, but they are declined as nouns or adjectives with the nominal declension endings.
As verbal forms can, however, be formed on both roots and add the past prefix. They can also add the modal infixes before their typical endings.
The non-finite endings are:
- primary infinitive: -em
- secondary infinitive: -iga
- agentive participle: -īdu
- passive participle: -ugi-
The infinitival form is meant as a class II noun.
