User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII: Difference between revisions
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==Tones== | ==Tones== | ||
All vowels make a distinction among | All vowels make a distinction among five different tones. Tone is a clearly distinctive feature: | ||
ɛ́hnez - ɛ̌hnez | |||
<small> | <small>to bite - to help</small> | ||
Using the vowel [a] as an example, the tones, and their graphic transcription, are: | Using the vowel [a] as an example, the tones, and their graphic transcription, are: | ||
*''' | *'''a''': [a˧], ''mid tone''. | ||
*''' | *'''á''': [a˧˥], ''rising tone''. | ||
*''' | *'''à''': [a˧˩], ''falling tone''. | ||
*'''â''': [a˧˥˧], ''rising-falling'' or ''apical tone''. | |||
*'''ǎ''': [a˥˧˥], ''falling-rising'' or ''bottom tone''. | |||
The mid tone is usually regarded as a ''neutral tone'', not being graphically expressed by any diacritic mark. The rising and the falling tones are regarded as ''linear tones''. The rising-falling and the falling-rising tones are rearded as ''spike tones''. This distinction is relevant for stress positioning. | |||
Tone variations are abundant among dialects, both diachronically and synchronically. Generally speaking, however, five tonal types are always distinguished. | |||
Revision as of 10:01, 23 May 2025
Tones
All vowels make a distinction among five different tones. Tone is a clearly distinctive feature:
ɛ́hnez - ɛ̌hnez to bite - to help
Using the vowel [a] as an example, the tones, and their graphic transcription, are:
- a: [a˧], mid tone.
- á: [a˧˥], rising tone.
- à: [a˧˩], falling tone.
- â: [a˧˥˧], rising-falling or apical tone.
- ǎ: [a˥˧˥], falling-rising or bottom tone.
The mid tone is usually regarded as a neutral tone, not being graphically expressed by any diacritic mark. The rising and the falling tones are regarded as linear tones. The rising-falling and the falling-rising tones are rearded as spike tones. This distinction is relevant for stress positioning.
Tone variations are abundant among dialects, both diachronically and synchronically. Generally speaking, however, five tonal types are always distinguished.
