User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII: Difference between revisions

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==Vowels==
There are 8 vocalic phonemes, which display other forms of distinction.
There are 13 vocalic phonemes. Each vowel makes a distinction in nasalization, displaying both a non-nasal and a nasal version.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|- style=max-width:4em
|- style=max-width:4em
| colspan="11" | <center>''IPA''</center> || colspan="11" | <center>''Transcription''</center>
| colspan="4" | <center>''IPA''</center> || colspan="4" | <center>''Transcription''</center>
|-
| colspan="2" | <center><small>''front''<small></center> || colspan="2" | <center><small>''back''<small></center> || colspan="2" | <center><small>''front''<small></center> || colspan="2" | <center><small>''back''<small></center>
|-
|-
| style="width: 30px;"| <center>[i]<br>[ĩ]</center> || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| <center>[u]<br>[ũ]</center> || style="width: 30px;"| <center>i<br>ĩ</center> || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| <center>u<br>ũ</center>
| style="width: 30px;"| <center>[i]</center> || style="width: 30px;"| <center>[iː]</center> || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| <center>[u]</center> || style="width: 30px;"| <center>[uː]</center> || style="width: 30px;"| <center>'''i'''</center> || style="width: 30px;"| <center>'''iː'''</center> || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| || style="width: 30px;"| <center>'''u'''</center> || style="width: 30px;"| <center>'''uː'''</center>
|-
|-
| || || <center>[ɪ]<br>[ɪ̃]</center> || || || || || || <center>[ʊ]<br>[ʊ̃]</center> || || || || || <center>y<br>ỹ</center> || || || || || || <center>ü<br>ü̃</center> || ||
| <center>[e]</center> || <center>[eː]</center> || || || <center>[o]</center> || <center>[oː]</center> || <center>'''e'''</center> || <center>'''eː'''</center> || || || <center>'''o'''</center> || <center>'''oː'''</center>
|-
|-
| || <center>[e]<br>[ẽ]</center> || || || || || || || || <center>[o]<br>[õ]</center> || || || <center>e<br>ẽ</center> || || || || || || || || <center>o<br>õ</center> ||  
| || || colspan="2"| <center>[æ]</center> || || || || || colspan="2"| <center>'''æ'''</center> || ||  
|-
|-
| || || <center>[ɛ]<br>[ɛ̃]</center> || || <center>[œ]<br>[œ̃]</center> || || <center>[ʌ]<br>[ʌ̃]</center> || || <center>[ɔ]<br>[ɔ̃]</center> || || || || || <center>ɛ<br>ɛ̃</center> || || <center>ö<br>ö̃</center> || || <center>å<br>å̃</center> || || <center>ɔ<br>ɔ̃</center> || ||
| || || <center>[a]</center> || <center>[aː]</center> || || || || || <center>'''a'''</center> || <center>'''aː'''</center> || ||  
|-
| || || || <center>[æ]<br>[æ̃]</center> || || || || <center>[ɑ]<br>[ɑ̃]</center> || || || || || || || <center>ä<br>ä̃</center> || || || || <center>ɑ<br>ɑ̃</center> || || ||
|-
| || || || || || <center>[a]<br>[ã]</center> || || || || || || || || || || ||<center>a<br>ã</center> || || || || ||
|}
|}


The opposition in ''nasalization'' is fully distinctive:
5 vowels have a '''short''' form and a '''long''' form. The central phonemes, [ə] and [ɨ], make no distinction in length.
čü - čü̃
 
<small>saline - young</small>
The vocalic system is typologically simple and essentially balanced.


No vowel makes any distinction neither in length nor in tone.
All long vowels have an additional tonal feature, being every of them pronounced with an ascending tone. This feature, however, is not distinctive.

Revision as of 01:24, 14 May 2025

There are 8 vocalic phonemes, which display other forms of distinction.

IPA
Transcription
front
back
front
back
[i]
[iː]
[u]
[uː]
i
iː
u
uː
[e]
[eː]
[o]
[oː]
e
eː
o
oː
[æ]
æ
[a]
[aː]
a
aː

5 vowels have a short form and a long form. The central phonemes, [ə] and [ɨ], make no distinction in length.

The vocalic system is typologically simple and essentially balanced.

All long vowels have an additional tonal feature, being every of them pronounced with an ascending tone. This feature, however, is not distinctive.

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