User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 07:27, 3 May 2025

Nouns are declined for number with different models, depending on the class to which they belong:

Consonantal class: The last vowel is reduplicated and placed at the end of the word. If this vowel is long, its reduplicated form is shortened.
Vocalic class: If the noun ends in a short vowel, this vowel is lenghtened. If the last vowel is long, this vowel undergoes breaking or diphthongization. The vowel ə does not undergo any change.

Examples:

sing. tɬʼīx → plur. tɬʼīxi

sing. gāβra → plur. gāβrā

sing. βā → plur. βwa

There is, however, a certain amount of irregularities and exceptions to these rules. For example:

sing. βūβ → plur. βujβ

Nouns are also declined in case by adding the following endings to the base form of the noun:

¹ This ending display two possible forms. The latter is used after a nasal consonant, the former is used in every other case.

Due to pluralization process, nouns can shift from a class to the other one. In this case the proper desinence to the new last phoneme are used.

Some examples are shown below: a consonantal class (in the singular) noun, tɬūβ, house, and a vocalic class (in the singular) noun, mū, cow.

@@ Line 42: / Line 42: @@
 | style="width: 100px;"| || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''singular''</small></center>  || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''plural''</small></center> || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''singular''</small></center>  || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''plural''</small></center>
 |-
-| <center><small>''ergative''</small></center> || romex || romēx || tōmex || tōmēx
+| <center><small>''nominative''</small></center> || tɬūβ || tɬūβu || mū || muj
 |-
-| <center><small>''absolutive''</small></center> || rome || romē || tōme || tōmē
+| <center><small>''accusative''</small></center> || tɬūβɴ || tɬūβuɴ || mūɴ || mujɴ
 |-
-| <center><small>''genitive''</small></center> || romefu || romēfu || tōmefu || tōmēfu
+| <center><small>''gen.-dat.''</small></center> || tɬūβuɟ || tɬūβuɟ || mūɟ || mujuɟ
 |-
-| <center><small>''dative''</small></center> || romešu || romēšu || tōmešu || tōmēšu
+| <center><small>''instrumental''</small></center> || tɬūβiq || tɬūβuq || mūq || mujiq
 |-
-| <center><small>''dative''</small></center> || romeho || romēho || tōmeho || tōmēho
+| <center><small>''locative''</small></center> || tɬūβaʈ || tɬūβuʈ || mūʈ || mujaʈ
-|-
-| <center><small>''instrumental''</small></center> || || || tōmema || tōmēma
-|-
-| <center><small>''locative''</small></center> || || || tōmeva || tōmēva
 |}