User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII: Difference between revisions
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=== | ===Noun declension=== | ||
Nouns are declined in number by adding the following | Nouns are declined in case and number by adding the following endings to the base form of the noun: | ||
{|- | {|- | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="width: | | style="width: 100px;"| <center><small>''direct''</small></center> || style="width: 60px;"| - | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - || - | | <center><small>''genitive''</small></center> || -rɛ | ||
|- | |||
| <center><small>''dative''</small></center> || -xjɛ | |||
|} | |} | ||
Some examples are shown below: | Some examples are shown below: bevvo, ''father'', and hɔgo, ''house''. | ||
{|- | {|- | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" | <center> | | || colspan="2" | <center>bevvo</center> || colspan="2" | <center>hɔgo</center> | ||
|- | |||
| style="width: 100px;"| || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''singular''</small></center> || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''plural''</small></center> || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''singular''</small></center> || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''plural''</small></center> | |||
|- | |- | ||
| <center><small>''direct''</small></center> || bevvo || bevvono || hɔgo || hɔgono | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | | <center><small>''oblique''</small></center> || bevvore || bevvonore || hɔgore || hɔgonore | ||
|} | |} | ||
Nouns ending in a | Nouns ending in a consonant in their base form, except for nouns ending in the semiconsonant -j, usually add a euphonic vowel before the endings of the other cases. This vowel is generally -i-, but other vowels are also possible. | ||
<small>dir.</small> heǵ → <small>obl.</small> heǵire, ... | |||
Some irregular nouns, | |||
<small> | Some irregular nouns, however, change their last vowel in the root before adding other endings. The commonest change is o → u. A lot of these nouns display both irregular and regular forms, especially in earlier texts. In modern texts the amount of irregular forms is extremely limited, with a strong tendency towards regularization by analogy. | ||
<small>dir.</small> heňo → <small>obl.</small> heňure, ... | |||
A small amount of nouns, conversely, display unpredictable irregularities, both vocalic and consonantal, in the noun root. | |||
<small>dir.</small> beĺ → <small>obl.</small> bejre, ... | |||
Revision as of 05:36, 2 May 2025
Noun declension
Nouns are declined in case and number by adding the following endings to the base form of the noun:
| - | |
| -rɛ | |
| -xjɛ |
Some examples are shown below: bevvo, father, and hɔgo, house.
| bevvo | bevvono | hɔgo | hɔgono | |
| bevvore | bevvonore | hɔgore | hɔgonore | |
Nouns ending in a consonant in their base form, except for nouns ending in the semiconsonant -j, usually add a euphonic vowel before the endings of the other cases. This vowel is generally -i-, but other vowels are also possible.
dir. heǵ → obl. heǵire, ...
Some irregular nouns, however, change their last vowel in the root before adding other endings. The commonest change is o → u. A lot of these nouns display both irregular and regular forms, especially in earlier texts. In modern texts the amount of irregular forms is extremely limited, with a strong tendency towards regularization by analogy.
dir. heňo → obl. heňure, ...
A small amount of nouns, conversely, display unpredictable irregularities, both vocalic and consonantal, in the noun root.
dir. beĺ → obl. bejre, ...
