User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII: Difference between revisions
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| Line 11: | Line 11: | ||
| <center><small>''oblique''</small></center> || -š || -šũ | | <center><small>''oblique''</small></center> || -š || -šũ | ||
|} | |} | ||
An example is shown below: | An example is shown below: sobar, ''dog''. | ||
{|- | {|- | ||
|- | |- | ||
| || colspan="2" | <center> | | || colspan="2" | <center>sobar</center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="width: 100px;"| | | style="width: 100px;"| || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''singular''</small></center> || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''plural''</small></center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center><small>''basic''</small></center> || | | <center><small>''basic''</small></center> || sobar || sobarĩ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center><small>''direct''</small></center> || | | <center><small>''direct''</small></center> || soba || sobã | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center><small>''oblique''</small></center> || | | <center><small>''oblique''</small></center> || sobaš || sobašũ | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 10:36, 30 April 2025
Noun declension
Nouns are declined in case and number by adding the following endings to the base form of the noun:
| -r | -rĩ | |
| - | - ̃ | |
| -š | -šũ |
An example is shown below: sobar, dog.
| sobar | sobarĩ | |
| soba | sobã | |
| sobaš | sobašũ | |
Nouns ending in a consonant in the singular direct case usually add a euphonic vowel before the endings of the other cases. This vowel is generally -i-, but other vowels are also possible.
bas. vær‘ → dir. vær‘il‘, obl. vær‘iha, ...
Some irregular nouns, conversely, change their last vowel in the root before adding other endings. The commonest changes are u → o, or i → e. A lot of these nouns display both irregular and regular forms, especially in earlier texts. In modern texts the amount of irregular forms is extremely limited, with a strong tendency towards regularization by analogy.
bas. sænu → dir. sænol‘, obl. sænoha, ... bas. voɸi → dir. voɸel‘, obl. voɸeha, ...
