User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII: Difference between revisions

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{{main|Pı̇ħ}}
{{main|Rertu}}
This page gives an extensive description of '''Pı̇ħ phonological''' features.
This page gives an extensive description of '''Rertu syntactical''' features.
==Consonants==
==Main clause and word order==
The consonant system distinguishes 17 phonemes, traditionally arranged in the following scheme:
Rertu is an almost strictly '''VSO''' (''Verb-Subject-Object'') language.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
bū́gnez moc rosmɔ bṓrɟa
| colspan="2" | || colspan="3" | <center>''IPA''</center> || colspan="3" | <center>''Transcription''</center>
<small>the man sees the dog</small>
|-
| style="width: 120px;" rowspan="2" | <small>''plosive''</small> || style="width: 120px;" rowspan="2" | || style="width: 30px;"| <center>[p]</center> || style="width: 30px;"| <center>[k]</center> || style="width: 30px;"| <center>[t]</center> || style="width: 30px;"| <center>'''p'''</center> || style="width: 30px;"| <center>'''k'''</center> || style="width: 30px;"| <center>'''t'''</center>
|-
| <center>[q]</center> || || <center>[ʔ]</center> || <center>'''q'''</center> || || <center>'''ʔ'''</center>
|-
| rowspan="2" | <small>''nasal''</small> || rowspan="2" | || <center>[m]</center> || || <center>[n]</center> || <center>'''m'''</center> || || <center>'''n'''</center>
|-
| <center>[ɴ]</center> || || <center>[ŋ]</center> || <center>'''ɴ'''</center> || || <center>'''ŋ'''</center>
|-
| colspan="2" | <small>''liquid''</small> || <center>[r]</center> || || <center>[ɮ]</center> || <center>'''r'''</center> || || <center>'''ɬ'''</center>
|-
| rowspan="5" | <small>''fricative''</small> ||<small>''sibilant''</small> || || <center>[s]</center> || || || <center>'''s'''</center> ||
|-
| <small>''velar''</small> || || <center>[x]</center> || || || <center>'''x'''</center> ||
|-
| <small>''faringal''</small> || || <center>[ħ]</center> || || || <center>'''ħ'''</center> ||
|-
| <small>''glottal''</small> || || <center>[h]</center> || || || <center>'''h'''</center> ||
|-
| <small>''bilabial''</small> || || <center>[ɸ]</center> || || || <center>'''ɸ'''</center> ||
|-
| colspan="2" | <small>''affricate''</small> || || <center>[ʦ]</center> || || || <center>'''ts'''</center> ||
|-
|}


The group of the plosive consonants and the group of the fricative consonants are essentially balanced, with the same number of phonemes. They considerably differ in their place of articulation. Both groups overall lack any voiced or aspirated phoneme.
The total lack of any case system, and of any distinction between the subject and the direct object, makes the word order firmly fixed.


The group of the nasal consonants is overall well developed, with four places of articulation, while the group of the liquid consonants is notably poorer, with the noteworthy presence of the phoneme [ɮ].
The other elements in the sentence are usually placed in the order “''place-manner-cause-time''”, although they are basically freer than the main elements, as they are conveyed by the case system or by the prepositions. The indirect object tends to be placed ''after'' the direct object of the sentence.  


There is only one affricate phoneme, [ʦ].
Any of the elements can be emphasized by placing it at the beginning or in the end of the sentence. This can be done through the evidential particle ɛ̀, which is to be placed after the emphasized element.
 
si e bṓrɟa bū́gnez moc rosmɔ 
<small>it's the dog the man sees</small>
 
By using the evidential particle, every preposition of any kind must be clearly expressed.

Revision as of 04:33, 13 April 2025

Main article: Rertu

This page gives an extensive description of Rertu syntactical features.

Main clause and word order

Rertu is an almost strictly VSO (Verb-Subject-Object) language.

bū́gnez moc rosmɔ bṓrɟa
the man sees the dog

The total lack of any case system, and of any distinction between the subject and the direct object, makes the word order firmly fixed.

The other elements in the sentence are usually placed in the order “place-manner-cause-time”, although they are basically freer than the main elements, as they are conveyed by the case system or by the prepositions. The indirect object tends to be placed after the direct object of the sentence.

Any of the elements can be emphasized by placing it at the beginning or in the end of the sentence. This can be done through the evidential particle ɛ̀, which is to be placed after the emphasized element.

si e bṓrɟa bū́gnez moc rosmɔ  
it's the dog the man sees

By using the evidential particle, every preposition of any kind must be clearly expressed.