User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII: Difference between revisions
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This page gives an extensive description of '''Jeʂtəra syntactical''' features. | This page gives an extensive description of '''Jeʂtəra syntactical''' features. | ||
==Main clause and word order== | ==Main clause and word order== | ||
Kī́rtako is an almost strictly '''SOV''' (''Subject-Object-Verb'') language. | |||
wī́roli sopa lī́lopɑt | |||
<small>the man sees the dog</small> | <small>the man sees the dog</small> | ||
The quite rich case system allows every other possible word order, but most of them prove to be very marked and infrequently used. The only word order with a clear role and a frequent usage is '''OSV''' (''Object-Subject-Verbs''), which marks the so-called ''passive construct''. | |||
sopa wī́roli lī́lop | |||
<small>the man | <small>the dog is seen by the man</small> | ||
The | The other elements in the sentence are usually placed in the order “''place-manner-cause-time''”, although they are basically freer than the main elements. An object in the dative case, when conveying the indirect object, tends to be placed ''before'' the direct object of the sentence. | ||
A peculiar feature is the verbal ''infinitival agreement'': when infinitival forms, as nominal forms of the verbs, take a direct object, are regarded as an expression of belonging, and the direct object is declined in the ''ablative'' case. | |||
<small>the dog | |||
sopašu lī́lopiñɑme ʔī́sow | |||
<small>I do not see the dog.</small> | |||
Moreover, as it can been seen in the example above, when an infinitival form is governed by a modal verb or by the negative verb ʔī́sɑme, the infinitive is always placed before the conjugated modal form. | |||
Revision as of 01:59, 12 April 2025
- Main article: Jeʂtəra
This page gives an extensive description of Jeʂtəra syntactical features.
Main clause and word order
Kī́rtako is an almost strictly SOV (Subject-Object-Verb) language.
wī́roli sopa lī́lopɑt the man sees the dog
The quite rich case system allows every other possible word order, but most of them prove to be very marked and infrequently used. The only word order with a clear role and a frequent usage is OSV (Object-Subject-Verbs), which marks the so-called passive construct.
sopa wī́roli lī́lop the dog is seen by the man
The other elements in the sentence are usually placed in the order “place-manner-cause-time”, although they are basically freer than the main elements. An object in the dative case, when conveying the indirect object, tends to be placed before the direct object of the sentence.
A peculiar feature is the verbal infinitival agreement: when infinitival forms, as nominal forms of the verbs, take a direct object, are regarded as an expression of belonging, and the direct object is declined in the ablative case.
sopašu lī́lopiñɑme ʔī́sow I do not see the dog.
Moreover, as it can been seen in the example above, when an infinitival form is governed by a modal verb or by the negative verb ʔī́sɑme, the infinitive is always placed before the conjugated modal form.
