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| {{main|Ancient Figo}} | | {{main|Iðâɣ}} |
| This page gives an extensive description of '''ancient Figo syntactical''' features. | | This page gives an extensive description of '''Iðâɣ syntactical''' features. |
| ==Main clause and word order== | | ==Main clause and word order== |
| Ancient Figo is an almost strictly '''SOV''' (''Subject-Object-Verb'') language. | | Ancient Figo is an almost strictly '''SVO''' (''Subject-Verb-Object'') language. |
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| līruli soba līločeš | | îrə lîp soβe |
| <small>the man sees the dog</small> | | <small>the man sees the dog</small> |
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| The quite rich case system allows every other possible word order, but most of them prove to be very marked and infrequently used. The only word order with a clear role and a frequent usage is '''OSV''' (''Object-Subject-Verbs''), which marks the so-called ''passive construction''.
| | Despite the limited case system, the word order is essentially fixed because of the lacking distinction between the subject and the direct object. |
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| soba līruli līločeš
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| <small>the dog is seen by the man</small>
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| The other elements in the sentence are usually placed in the order “''place-manner-cause-time''”, although they are basically freer than the main elements. An object in the dative case, when conveying the indirect object, tends to be placed ''before'' the direct object of the sentence.
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| A peculiar feature is the verbal ''infinitival agreement'': when infinitival forms, as nominal forms of the verbs, take a direct object, are regarded as an expression of belonging, and the direct object is declined in the ''genitive'' case.
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| sobaɕu līločem īsow
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| <small>I do not see the dog.</small>
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| The frequency of this feature, however, is already declining in the classical period, when the infinitival forms are used in a verbal costruction (as, for example, with modal verbs). The infinitival agreement is still widely used up to the later classical period when these forms are used in a nominal construction.
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| Moreover, as it can been seen in the example above, when an infinitival form is governed by a modal verb or by the negative verb īsem, the infinitive is always placed before the conjugated modal form.
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- Main article: Iðâɣ
This page gives an extensive description of Iðâɣ syntactical features.
Main clause and word order
Ancient Figo is an almost strictly SVO (Subject-Verb-Object) language.
îrə lîp soβe
the man sees the dog
Despite the limited case system, the word order is essentially fixed because of the lacking distinction between the subject and the direct object.
