User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII: Difference between revisions

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Numerals from 11 to 17 are built with the construction po̥ʔi + NUM:
Numerals from 11 to 19 are built with the construction NUM + i + ɸək. If the numeral ends in a vowel, the -i turns into -j:
{|-
{|-
|-
|-
| style="width: 40px;"| <center><small>''digit''</small></center> || <center><small>''full form''</small></center>  
| style="width: 40px;"| <center><small>''digit''</small></center> || <center><small>''full form''</small></center>  
|-
|-
| <center>''11'':</center> || poʔițe̥ʔu
| <center>''11'':</center> || īɴiɸək
|-
|-
| <center>''12'':</center> || poʔiʔẙq
| <center>''12'':</center> || gaɸiɸək
|-
|-
| <center>''13'':</center> || poʔemqi̥
| <center>''13'':</center> || zgūjɸək
|-
|-
| <center>''14'':</center> || poʔanḁ̈ŕ
| <center>''14'':</center> || dākiɸək
|-
|-
| <center>''15'':</center> || poʔyťŕḁ̈
| <center>''15'':</center> || atsʼiɸək
|-
|-
| <center>''16'':</center> || poʔifḁ̈nu
| <center>''16'':</center> || trikxʼiɸək
|-
|-
| <center>''16'':</center> || poʔiħśü̥
| <center>''17'':</center> || rməqiɸək
|}
 
As it can be seen, if the numeral begins with a vowel, the final vowel of po̥ʔi is dropped.
 
Numerals 18 and 19 are irregularly built from the numeral 20:
{|-
|-
| style="width: 40px;"| <center><small>''digit''</small></center> || <center><small>''full form''</small></center>
|-
|-
| <center>''18'':</center> || iʔquʔḁ̥tru
| <center>''18'':</center> || dākriɸək
|-
|-
| <center>''19'':</center> || țeʔuʔḁtru
| <center>''19'':</center> || īɴɸəjɸək
|}
|}


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| style="width: 40px;"| <center><small>''digit''</small></center> || <center><small>''full form''</small></center>  
| style="width: 40px;"| <center><small>''digit''</small></center> || <center><small>''full form''</small></center>  
|-
|-
| <center>''20'':</center> || ʔḁtru
| <center>''20'':</center> || gāɸī
|}
|}


Revision as of 03:35, 8 April 2025

Main article: Βaβar

This page gives an extensive description of Βaβar morphological features.

Numerals

The numeral system relies on a mixed system of decimal base and a vigesimal base.

The first ten cardinal numbers are noun-like forms on their own:

digit
full form
1:
 īɴ
2:
 gaɸ
3:
 zgū
4:
 dāk
5:
 atsʼ
6:
 trikxʼ
7:
 rməq
8:
 dākr
9:
 īɴɸə
10:
 ɸək

Numerals from 11 to 19 are built with the construction NUM + i + ɸək. If the numeral ends in a vowel, the -i turns into -j:

digit
full form
11:
 īɴiɸək
12:
 gaɸiɸək
13:
 zgūjɸək
14:
 dākiɸək
15:
 atsʼiɸək
16:
 trikxʼiɸək
17:
 rməqiɸək
18:
 dākriɸək
19:
 īɴɸəjɸək

The numerals for 20 is a noun-like form on their own:

digit
full form
20:
 gāɸī

Numerals for 30, 50, 70 and 90 are built with the construction i̥pʔa + NUM:

digit
full form
30:
 ipʔemqi̥
50:
 ipʔafḁ̈nu
70:
 ipʔiħśü̥
90:
 ipʔḁtjö

As it can be seen, if the numeral begins with a vowel, the final vowel of i̥pʔa is dropped.

Numerals for 40, 60 and 80 are built with the construction ʔtḁr + 2 / 3 / 4:

digit
full form
46:
 ʔtariʔẙq
60:
 ʔtaremqi̥
80:
 ʔtaranḁ̈ŕ

The numerals for (one) hundred and (one) thousand are noun-like forms on their own:

digit
full form
100:
 u̥ncu
1000:
 ëțnẙt

The numerals for the multiples of hundreds and thousands are built with the construction no̥cu / țnë̥to + NUM:

hundreds
thousands
2x:
 nociʔẙq țnëtiʔẙq
3x:
 nocemqi̥ țnëtemqi̥
4x:
 nocanḁ̈ŕ țnëtanḁ̈ŕ
5x:
 nocufḁ̈nu țnëtofḁ̈nu
6x:
 nocyťŕḁ̈ țnëtyťŕḁ̈
7x:
 nociħśü̥ țnëtiħśü̥
8x:
 nocuʔe̥ći țnëtoʔe̥ći
9x:
 nocḁtjö țnëtḁtjö

As it can be seen, if the numeral begins with a vowel, the final vowels of no̥cu and țnë̥to are dropped.

Composite numbers are built by linking them with the conjunction ka, and, in descending order:

  • 1985: ëțnẙt ka nocḁtjö ka ʔtaranḁ̈ŕ ka fḁ̈nu

All cardinal numerals up to these forms are treated as adjective-like forms. They decline according to their adjoining nouns in case, but they do not agree in number. Numerals do decline only in singular number. However, numeral are placed almost always before their adjoining nouns. In later texts they can be found also after their nouns.

The numeral for “million” is formed from the word ëțnẙt. Numbers above the millions have no name and are specified by the lesser numerals.

digit
noun form
1,000,000:
 țë̥nt

This form is treated as a regularly declinable noun, with an external plural:

digit
noun form
3,000,000:
 emqi̥ țë̥ntëj
25,000,000:
 ʔḁtru fḁ̈nu țë̥ntëj

Nouns adjoining such numerals are not preceded by any preposition and are declined in the case required by their syntactical role in the sentence, as the numerals themselves: 

iʔẙqoʔ țë̥ntëjoʔ o̥ćnuhoʔ
to two millions people

Ordinal numerals are formed by adding the ordinal ending -iju/-ju to the cardinal numeral form, with some irregularities:

digit
adjective form
1st:
 țe̥ʔiju
2nd:
 iʔẙqiju
3rd:
 emqi̥ju
4th:
 anḁ̈ŕiju
5th:
 fḁ̈niju
6th:
 yťŕḁ̈ju
7th:
 iħśü̥ju
8th:
 ʔe̥ćiju
9th:
 ḁtjöju
10th:
 po̥ʔiju
11th:
 poʔițe̥ʔuju
12th:
 poʔiʔẙqiju
19th:
 iʔquʔḁ̥triju
20th:
 ʔḁtriju
30th:
 ipʔemqi̥ju
100th:
 u̥nciju
600th:
 nocyťŕḁ̈ju
1000th:
 ëțnẙtiju
9000th:
 țnëtḁtjöju

If the numeral form is composite, the ending is added only to the last numeral form:

  • 25th: ʔatru ka fänuju
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