User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII: Difference between revisions

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The '''conditional''' mood is used to convey wish, desire and probability. It is regularly used both in main and dependent clauses.
The '''conditional''' mood is used to convey wish, desire and probability. It is regularly used both in main and dependent clauses.


The subjunctive widely features the infix -iəɳ-, which is placed between the root and the personal endings. In the imperfective future tense, the infix is placed on the auxiliary verb.
The subjunctive widely features the infix -oṕ-, which is placed between the root and the personal endings. In the imperfective future tense, the infix is placed on the auxiliary verb.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
Line 271: Line 271:
| style="width: 70px;"| || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>māḱekəme</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>ʂetenəme</small>''</center>
| style="width: 70px;"| || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>māḱekəme</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>ʂetenəme</small>''</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>māḱekiəɳol</center> || <center>ʂeteniəɳol</center>
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>māḱekoṕol</center> || <center>ʂetenoṕol</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>māḱekiəɳer</center> || <center>ʂeteniəɳer</center>
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>māḱekoṕer</center> || <center>ʂetenoṕer</center>
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>māḱekiəɳət́</center> || <center>ʂeteniəɳət́</center>
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>māḱekoṕət́</center> || <center>ʂetenoṕət́</center>
|-
|-
| <center>māḱekiəɳ</center> || <center>ʂeteniəɳ</center>
| <center>māḱekoṕ</center> || <center>ʂetenoṕ</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>māḱekiəɳolon</center> || <center>ʂeteniəɳolon</center>
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>māḱekoṕolon</center> || <center>ʂetenoṕolon</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>māḱekiəɳeron</center> || <center>ʂeteniəɳeron</center>
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>māḱekoṕeron</center> || <center>ʂetenoṕeron</center>
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>māḱekiəɳət́on</center> || <center>ʂeteniəɳət́on</center>
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>māḱekoṕət́on</center> || <center>ʂetenoṕət́on</center>
|-
|-
| <center>māḱekiəɳon</center> || <center>ʂeteniəɳon</center>
| <center>māḱekoṕon</center> || <center>ʂetenoṕon</center>
|}
|}


Line 294: Line 294:
| style="width: 70px;"| || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>māḱekəme</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>ʂetenəme</small>''</center>
| style="width: 70px;"| || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>māḱekəme</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>ʂetenəme</small>''</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>meḱākiəɳol</center> || <center>ʂeteniəkiəɳol</center>
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>meḱākoṕol</center> || <center>ʂeteniəkoṕol</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>meḱākiəɳer</center> || <center>ʂeteniəkiəɳer</center>
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>meḱākoṕer</center> || <center>ʂeteniəkoṕer</center>
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>meḱākiəɳət́</center> || <center>ʂeteniəkiəɳət́</center>
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>meḱākoṕət́</center> || <center>ʂeteniəkoṕət́</center>
|-
|-
| <center>meḱākiəɳ</center> || <center>ʂeteniəkiəɳ</center>
| <center>meḱākoṕ</center> || <center>ʂeteniəkoṕ</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>meḱākiəɳolon</center> || <center>ʂeteniəkiəɳolon</center>
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>meḱākoṕolon</center> || <center>ʂeteniəkoṕolon</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>meḱākiəɳeron</center> || <center>ʂeteniəkiəɳeron</center>
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>meḱākoṕeron</center> || <center>ʂeteniəkoṕeron</center>
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>meḱākiəɳət́on</center> || <center>ʂeteniəkiəɳət́on</center>
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>meḱākoṕət́on</center> || <center>ʂeteniəkoṕət́on</center>
|-
|-
| <center>meḱākiəɳon</center> || <center>ʂeteniəkiəɳon</center>
| <center>meḱākoṕon</center> || <center>ʂeteniəkoṕon</center>
|}
|}


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| style="width: 70px;"| || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>māḱekəme</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>ʂetenəme</small>''</center>
| style="width: 70px;"| || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>māḱekəme</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>ʂetenəme</small>''</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>ʔamāḱekiəɳol</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəɳol</center>
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>ʔamāḱekoṕol</center> || <center>ʔaʂetenoṕol</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>ʔamāḱekiəɳer</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəɳer</center>
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>ʔamāḱekoṕer</center> || <center>ʔaʂetenoṕer</center>
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>ʔamāḱekiəɳət́</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəɳət́</center>
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>ʔamāḱekoṕət́</center> || <center>ʔaʂetenoṕət́</center>
|-
|-
| <center>ʔamāḱekiəɳ</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəɳ</center>
| <center>ʔamāḱekoṕ</center> || <center>ʔaʂetenoṕ</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>ʔamāḱekiəɳolon</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəɳolon</center>
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>ʔamāḱekoṕolon</center> || <center>ʔaʂetenoṕolon</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>ʔamāḱekiəɳeron</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəɳeron</center>
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>ʔamāḱekoṕeron</center> || <center>ʔaʂetenoṕeron</center>
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>ʔamāḱekiəɳət́on</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəɳət́on</center>
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>ʔamāḱekoṕət́on</center> || <center>ʔaʂetenoṕət́on</center>
|-
|-
| <center>ʔamāḱekiəɳon</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəɳon</center>
| <center>ʔamāḱekoṕon</center> || <center>ʔaʂetenoṕon</center>
|}
|}


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| style="width: 70px;"| || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>māḱekəme</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>ʂetenəme</small>''</center>
| style="width: 70px;"| || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>māḱekəme</small>''</center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center>''<small>ʂetenəme</small>''</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>ʔameḱākiəɳol</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəkiəɳol</center>
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>ʔameḱākoṕol</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəkoṕol</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>ʔameḱākiəɳer</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəkiəɳer</center>
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>ʔameḱākoṕer</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəkoṕer</center>
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>ʔameḱākiəɳət́</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəkiəɳət́</center>
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>ʔameḱākoṕət́</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəkoṕət́</center>
|-
|-
| <center>ʔameḱākiəɳ</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəkiəɳ</center>
| <center>ʔameḱākoṕ</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəkoṕ</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>ʔameḱākiəɳolon</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəkiəɳolon</center>
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>ʔameḱākoṕolon</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəkoṕolon</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>ʔameḱākiəɳeron</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəkiəɳeron</center>
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>ʔameḱākoṕeron</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəkoṕeron</center>
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>ʔameḱākiəɳət́on</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəkiəɳət́on</center>
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>ʔameḱākoṕət́on</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəkoṕət́on</center>
|-
|-
| <center>ʔameḱākiəɳon</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəkiəɳon</center>
| <center>ʔameḱākoṕon</center> || <center>ʔaʂeteniəkoṕon</center>
|}
|}


Line 363: Line 363:
| style="width: 70px;"| || style="width: 200px;"| <center>''<small>māḱekəme</small>''</center> || style="width: 200px;"| <center>''<small>ʂetenəme</small>''</center>
| style="width: 70px;"| || style="width: 200px;"| <center>''<small>māḱekəme</small>''</center> || style="width: 200px;"| <center>''<small>ʂetenəme</small>''</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>ʔəɳiəɳol māḱekəme</center> || <center>ʔəɳiəɳol ʂetenəme</center>
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>ʔəɳoṕol māḱekəme</center> || <center>ʔəɳoṕol ʂetenəme</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>ʔəɳiəɳer māḱekəme</center> || <center>ʔəɳiəɳer ʂetenəme</center>
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>ʔəɳoṕer māḱekəme</center> || <center>ʔəɳoṕer ʂetenəme</center>
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>ʔəɳiəɳət́ māḱekəme</center> || <center>ʔəɳiəɳət́ ʂetenəme</center>
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> sing.</small>'' || <center>ʔəɳoṕət́ māḱekəme</center> || <center>ʔəɳoṕət́ ʂetenəme</center>
|-
|-
| <center>ʔəɳiəɳ māḱekəme</center> || <center>ʔəɳiəɳ ʂetenəme</center>
| <center>ʔəɳoṕ māḱekəme</center> || <center>ʔəɳoṕ ʂetenəme</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>ʔəɳiəɳolon māḱekəme</center> || <center>ʔəɳiəɳolon ʂetenəme</center>
| ''<small>1<sup>st</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>ʔəɳoṕolon māḱekəme</center> || <center>ʔəɳoṕolon ʂetenəme</center>
|-
|-
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>ʔəɳiəɳeron māḱekəme</center> || <center>ʔəɳiəɳeron ʂetenəme</center>
| ''<small>2<sup>nd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>ʔəɳoṕeron māḱekəme</center> || <center>ʔəɳoṕeron ʂetenəme</center>
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>ʔəɳiəɳət́on māḱekəme</center> || <center>ʔəɳiəɳət́on ʂetenəme</center>
| rowspan="2" | ''<small>3<sup>rd</sup> plur.</small>'' || <center>ʔəɳoṕət́on māḱekəme</center> || <center>ʔəɳoṕət́on ʂetenəme</center>
|-
|-
| <center>ʔəɳiəɳon māḱekəme</center> || <center>ʔəɳiəɳon ʂetenəme</center>
| <center>ʔəɳoṕon māḱekəme</center> || <center>ʔəɳoṕon ʂetenəme</center>
|}
|}


The subjunctive forms display the same irregularities as their indicative counterparts and follow the same rules.
The conditional forms display the same irregularities as their indicative counterparts and follow the same rules.


====Non-finite forms====
====Non-finite forms====

Revision as of 02:52, 25 June 2025

Conjugation of regular verbs

Sample verbs: māḱekəme, to close, to shut, featuring the regular introflexive process of vowel switching between the root, and ʂetenəme, to write, featuring the -iək- expansion in the perfective root.

(All verbs forming their perfective root with the -iək- infix are regarded as irregular. They, however, follow the regular conjugation patters of regular verbs, besides the irregular perfective formation)

Indicative mood

Imperfective present tense

The imperfective present is a simple tense. The personal endings are added to the imperfective root:

māḱekəme
ʂetenəme
1st sing.
māḱekol
ʂetenol
2nd sing.
māḱeker
ʂetener
3rd sing.
māḱekət́
ʂetenət́
māḱek
ʂeten
1st plur.
māḱekolon
ʂetenolon
2nd plur.
māḱekeron
ʂeteneron
3rd plur.
māḱekət́on
ʂetenət́on
māḱekon
ʂetenon

The imperfective present tense conveys ongoing, habitual or gnomic actions or states.

Perfective present/future tense

The perfective present/future is a simple tense. The personal endings are added to the perfective root:

māḱekəme
ʂetenəme
1st sing.
meḱākol
ʂeteniəkol
2nd sing.
meḱāker
ʂeteniəker
3rd sing.
meḱākət́
ʂeteniəkət́
meḱāk
ʂeteniək
1st plur.
meḱākolon
ʂeteniəkolon
2nd plur.
meḱākeron
ʂeteniəkeron
3rd plur.
meḱākət́on
ʂeteniəkət́on
meḱākon
ʂeteniəkon

The perfective present/future tense conveys completed actions or states, mostly in the future, but also in the immediate present, especially in dependent clauses.

Imperfective past tense

The imperfective past is a simple tense. The augment and the personal endings are added to the imperfective root:

māḱekəme
ʂetenəme
1st sing.
ʔamāḱekol
ʔaʂetenol
2nd sing.
ʔamāḱeker
ʔaʂetener
3rd sing.
ʔamāḱekət́
ʔaʂetenət́
ʔamāḱek
ʔaʂeten
1st plur.
ʔamāḱekolon
ʔaʂetenolon
2nd plur.
ʔamāḱekeron
ʔaʂeteneron
3rd plur.
ʔamāḱekət́on
ʔaʂetenət́on
ʔamāḱekon
ʔaʂetenon

The imperfective past tense conveys ongoing or habitual actions or states in the past.

Perfective past tense

The perfective past is a simple tense. The augment and the personal endings are added to the perfective root:

māḱekəme
ʂetenəme
1st sing.
ʔameḱākol
ʔaʂeteniəkol
2nd sing.
ʔameḱāker
ʔaʂeteniəker
3rd sing.
ʔameḱākət́
ʔaʂeteniəkət́
ʔameḱāk
ʔaʂeteniək
1st plur.
ʔameḱākolon
ʔaʂeteniəkolon
2nd plur.
ʔameḱākeron
ʔaʂeteniəkeron
3rd plur.
ʔameḱākət́on
ʔaʂeteniəkət́on
ʔameḱākon
ʔaʂeteniəkon

The past tense conveys completed actions or states in the past.

Imperfective future tense

The imperfective future is the only compound tense. It is built with the indicative present forms of the verb ʔəɳəme, to be, with the imperfective present infinitive form of the conjugated verb, placed at the end of the clause:

māḱekəme
ʂetenəme
1st sing.
ʔəɳol māḱekəme
ʔəɳol ʂetenəme
2nd sing.
ʔəɳer māḱekəme
ʔəɳer ʂetenəme
3rd sing.
ʔəɳət́ māḱekəme
ʔəɳət́ ʂetenəme
ʔəɳ māḱekəme
ʔəɳ ʂetenəme
1st plur.
ʔəɳolon māḱekəme
ʔəɳolon ʂetenəme
2nd plur.
ʔəɳeron māḱekəme
ʔəɳeron ʂetenəme
3rd plur.
ʔəɳət́on māḱekəme
ʔəɳət́on ʂetenəme
ʔəɳon māḱekəme
ʔəɳon ʂetenəme

The verb ʔəɳəme, in its non-auxiliary function, does not usually display any long form in the 3rd singular person. As an auxiliary it may build the long form according to its adjoining verb.

The imperfective future tense conveys ongoing or habitual actions or states in the future.

Subjunctive mood

The subjunctive mood is mostly used in dependent clauses, in the so-called personal constructions. Its usage in main clauses is quite limited, except for its role as an imperative an exhortative form.

The subjunctive widely features the infix -iəɳ-, which is placed between the root and the personal endings. In the imperfective future tense, the infix is placed on the auxiliary verb.

imperfective present
māḱekəme
ʂetenəme
1st sing.
māḱekiəɳol
ʂeteniəɳol
2nd sing.
māḱekiəɳer
ʂeteniəɳer
3rd sing.
māḱekiəɳət́
ʂeteniəɳət́
māḱekiəɳ
ʂeteniəɳ
1st plur.
māḱekiəɳolon
ʂeteniəɳolon
2nd plur.
māḱekiəɳeron
ʂeteniəɳeron
3rd plur.
māḱekiəɳət́on
ʂeteniəɳət́on
māḱekiəɳon
ʂeteniəɳon
perfective present/future
māḱekəme
ʂetenəme
1st sing.
meḱākiəɳol
ʂeteniəkiəɳol
2nd sing.
meḱākiəɳer
ʂeteniəkiəɳer
3rd sing.
meḱākiəɳət́
ʂeteniəkiəɳət́
meḱākiəɳ
ʂeteniəkiəɳ
1st plur.
meḱākiəɳolon
ʂeteniəkiəɳolon
2nd plur.
meḱākiəɳeron
ʂeteniəkiəɳeron
3rd plur.
meḱākiəɳət́on
ʂeteniəkiəɳət́on
meḱākiəɳon
ʂeteniəkiəɳon
imperfective past
māḱekəme
ʂetenəme
1st sing.
ʔamāḱekiəɳol
ʔaʂeteniəɳol
2nd sing.
ʔamāḱekiəɳer
ʔaʂeteniəɳer
3rd sing.
ʔamāḱekiəɳət́
ʔaʂeteniəɳət́
ʔamāḱekiəɳ
ʔaʂeteniəɳ
1st plur.
ʔamāḱekiəɳolon
ʔaʂeteniəɳolon
2nd plur.
ʔamāḱekiəɳeron
ʔaʂeteniəɳeron
3rd plur.
ʔamāḱekiəɳət́on
ʔaʂeteniəɳət́on
ʔamāḱekiəɳon
ʔaʂeteniəɳon
perfective past
māḱekəme
ʂetenəme
1st sing.
ʔameḱākiəɳol
ʔaʂeteniəkiəɳol
2nd sing.
ʔameḱākiəɳer
ʔaʂeteniəkiəɳer
3rd sing.
ʔameḱākiəɳət́
ʔaʂeteniəkiəɳət́
ʔameḱākiəɳ
ʔaʂeteniəkiəɳ
1st plur.
ʔameḱākiəɳolon
ʔaʂeteniəkiəɳolon
2nd plur.
ʔameḱākiəɳeron
ʔaʂeteniəkiəɳeron
3rd plur.
ʔameḱākiəɳət́on
ʔaʂeteniəkiəɳət́on
ʔameḱākiəɳon
ʔaʂeteniəkiəɳon
imperfective future
māḱekəme
ʂetenəme
1st sing.
ʔəɳiəɳol māḱekəme
ʔəɳiəɳol ʂetenəme
2nd sing.
ʔəɳiəɳer māḱekəme
ʔəɳiəɳer ʂetenəme
3rd sing.
ʔəɳiəɳət́ māḱekəme
ʔəɳiəɳət́ ʂetenəme
ʔəɳiəɳ māḱekəme
ʔəɳiəɳ ʂetenəme
1st plur.
ʔəɳiəɳolon māḱekəme
ʔəɳiəɳolon ʂetenəme
2nd plur.
ʔəɳiəɳeron māḱekəme
ʔəɳiəɳeron ʂetenəme
3rd plur.
ʔəɳiəɳət́on māḱekəme
ʔəɳiəɳət́on ʂetenəme
ʔəɳiəɳon māḱekəme
ʔəɳiəɳon ʂetenəme

The subjunctive forms display the same irregularities as their indicative counterparts and follow the same rules.

Conditional mood

The conditional mood is used to convey wish, desire and probability. It is regularly used both in main and dependent clauses.

The subjunctive widely features the infix -oṕ-, which is placed between the root and the personal endings. In the imperfective future tense, the infix is placed on the auxiliary verb.

imperfective present
māḱekəme
ʂetenəme
1st sing.
māḱekoṕol
ʂetenoṕol
2nd sing.
māḱekoṕer
ʂetenoṕer
3rd sing.
māḱekoṕət́
ʂetenoṕət́
māḱekoṕ
ʂetenoṕ
1st plur.
māḱekoṕolon
ʂetenoṕolon
2nd plur.
māḱekoṕeron
ʂetenoṕeron
3rd plur.
māḱekoṕət́on
ʂetenoṕət́on
māḱekoṕon
ʂetenoṕon
perfective present/future
māḱekəme
ʂetenəme
1st sing.
meḱākoṕol
ʂeteniəkoṕol
2nd sing.
meḱākoṕer
ʂeteniəkoṕer
3rd sing.
meḱākoṕət́
ʂeteniəkoṕət́
meḱākoṕ
ʂeteniəkoṕ
1st plur.
meḱākoṕolon
ʂeteniəkoṕolon
2nd plur.
meḱākoṕeron
ʂeteniəkoṕeron
3rd plur.
meḱākoṕət́on
ʂeteniəkoṕət́on
meḱākoṕon
ʂeteniəkoṕon
imperfective past
māḱekəme
ʂetenəme
1st sing.
ʔamāḱekoṕol
ʔaʂetenoṕol
2nd sing.
ʔamāḱekoṕer
ʔaʂetenoṕer
3rd sing.
ʔamāḱekoṕət́
ʔaʂetenoṕət́
ʔamāḱekoṕ
ʔaʂetenoṕ
1st plur.
ʔamāḱekoṕolon
ʔaʂetenoṕolon
2nd plur.
ʔamāḱekoṕeron
ʔaʂetenoṕeron
3rd plur.
ʔamāḱekoṕət́on
ʔaʂetenoṕət́on
ʔamāḱekoṕon
ʔaʂetenoṕon
perfective past
māḱekəme
ʂetenəme
1st sing.
ʔameḱākoṕol
ʔaʂeteniəkoṕol
2nd sing.
ʔameḱākoṕer
ʔaʂeteniəkoṕer
3rd sing.
ʔameḱākoṕət́
ʔaʂeteniəkoṕət́
ʔameḱākoṕ
ʔaʂeteniəkoṕ
1st plur.
ʔameḱākoṕolon
ʔaʂeteniəkoṕolon
2nd plur.
ʔameḱākoṕeron
ʔaʂeteniəkoṕeron
3rd plur.
ʔameḱākoṕət́on
ʔaʂeteniəkoṕət́on
ʔameḱākoṕon
ʔaʂeteniəkoṕon
imperfective future
māḱekəme
ʂetenəme
1st sing.
ʔəɳoṕol māḱekəme
ʔəɳoṕol ʂetenəme
2nd sing.
ʔəɳoṕer māḱekəme
ʔəɳoṕer ʂetenəme
3rd sing.
ʔəɳoṕət́ māḱekəme
ʔəɳoṕət́ ʂetenəme
ʔəɳoṕ māḱekəme
ʔəɳoṕ ʂetenəme
1st plur.
ʔəɳoṕolon māḱekəme
ʔəɳoṕolon ʂetenəme
2nd plur.
ʔəɳoṕeron māḱekəme
ʔəɳoṕeron ʂetenəme
3rd plur.
ʔəɳoṕət́on māḱekəme
ʔəɳoṕət́on ʂetenəme
ʔəɳoṕon māḱekəme
ʔəɳoṕon ʂetenəme

The conditional forms display the same irregularities as their indicative counterparts and follow the same rules.

Non-finite forms

The non-finite verbal forms are:

Infinitive

It is regarded as the citation form of the verb, and it is not conjugated in person or number. It has, however, an imperfective and a perfective form, respectively built on the imperfective root and on the perfective root. It is marked by the ending -iwgɛ.

class I
class II
imperfective
mōtsɛdiwgɛ
xiṡɛɣiwgɛ
perfective
mɛtsōdiwgɛ
xɛṡiɣiwgɛ

The infinitive is a nominal form of a verb and it can be declined only in the singular number. It can also be introduced by a preposition. Its basic form is regarded as the direct case.

There are, however, a limited amount of verbs with irregular infinitive forms, where the infinitve ending merges with the root or is slightly altered. 

čilügɛ
to sleep
Participle

The participle is an adjectival form of a verb. It has a passive meaning and it is linked to nouns which undergo an action, or inactively are in a certain state. It is, thus, usually not used with intransitive verbs (with some of which it may take an impersonal value). In verbal conjugation, it agrees with the subject in number, while it agrees also in case with its adjoining noun, displaying thus a complete declension, in its adjectival role.

It has, however, an imperfective and a perfective form, respectively built on the imperfective root and on the perfective root. It widely features the infix -juɣi/-́uɣi, which is placed between the root and the personal endings. This infix displays two possible forms, -juɣi or -juɣi-. The latter form is used after some consonants, palatalizing them, or is used after already palatalized consonants, without any further effect. 

djumɛliwgɛ → djumɛʝuɣiw
to drink → drunk

lilužiwgɛ → līlužuɣiw
to see → seen

Examples:

class I
class II
imperfective
mōtsɛdjuɣiw
xiṡɛɣjuɣiw
perfective
mɛtsōdjuɣiw
xɛṡiɣjuɣiw
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