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| =====Non-finite forms===== | | ====Passive diathesis==== |
| The non-finite verbal forms are: | | The ''passive diathesis'' displays only compound forms, in every mood and tense. These forms are always built through the auxiliary verb kiɣam, ''to come'' with the various forms of the passive participle. |
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| ======Infinitive======
| | The usage of the different moods and tenses is exactly the same as the active diathesis. |
| It is regarded as the citation form of the verb, and it is not conjugated in person or number. It has, however, a present and a past form, this last formed through the augment. It can take the modal infixes, thus forming a subjunctive and a conditional form.
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| {| class="wikitable"
| | =====Indicative mood===== |
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| | style="width: 70px;"| || style="width: 130px;"| <center>''<small>indicative</small>''</center> || style="width: 130px;"| <center>''<small>subjunctive</small>''</center> || style="width: 130px;"| <center>''<small>conditional</small>''</center>
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| | ''<small>present</small>'' || <center>ránosam</center> || <center>ránosinam</center> || <center>ránosasam</center>
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| | ''<small>past</small>'' || <center>áránosam</center> || <center>áránosinam</center> || <center>áránosasam</center>
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| |}
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| The infinitive is a nominal form of a verb. It is used as a verbal noun in sentences, but it cannot be declined as a normal noun; a declension is possible only through the prepositive article. It is regarded as a 2<sup><small>nd</small></sup> class noun.
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| In its indicative form it is often used as object of modal and auxiliary verbs, while the subjunctive and the conditional forms are mostly used in dependent clauses.
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| ======Participle====== | |
| There are two participial forms, the ''active participle'', and the ''passive participle''. They are used primarily in verbal conjugation, but they can also have an adjectival role, adjoining a noun and pointing to an active or passive role of such noun in the action.
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| The '''active participle''' is formed through the ending -íðə, while the '''past participle''' through the ending -uɣi. They have a present and a past form, this last formed through the augment.
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| | style="width: 70px;"| || style="width: 130px;"| <center>''<small>present</small>''</center> || style="width: 130px;"| <center>''<small>past</small>''</center>
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| | ''<small>active</small>'' || <center>ránosíðə</center> || <center>áránosíðə</center>
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| | ''<small>passive</small>'' || <center>ránosuɣi</center> || <center>áránosuɣi</center>
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| There are, however, a sizeable amount of verbs, with irregular forms, usually due to the augment. The augment prefix can merge with the verbal root, with possible prominent alterations.
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| | style="width: 70px;"| || colspan=2 | <center><small>lîβam</small></center>
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| | style="width: 70px;"| || style="width: 130px;"| <center>''<small>present</small>''</center> || style="width: 130px;"| <center>''<small>past</small>''</center>
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| | ''<small>active</small>'' || <center>lîβíðə</center> || <center>êβíðə</center>
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| | ''<small>passive</small>'' || <center>lîβuɣi</center> || <center>êβuɣi</center>
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| |}
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| The active participle is an adjectival form of a verb. It is linked to nouns which actively perform an action. The passive participle is an adjectival form of a verb. IIt is linked to nouns which undergo an action, or inactively are in a certain state.
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| When they are used in the verbal conjugation, participles are deemed as indeclinable forms, while if they are used as adjectives they follow the same rule of qualifying adjectives and are declined through the prepositive article.
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