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==Nouns==
==Nouns==
The noun cluster is formed by a noun, carrying the main meaning, and by other noun-type forms, namely adjectives, which specify this meanings or add other meaning to the main noun. Inside of a noun cluster, the noun can be replaced by a pronoun.
The noun cluster is formed by a noun, carrying the main meaning, and by other noun-type forms, namely adjectives, which specify this meaning or add other meanings to the main noun. Inside of a noun cluster, the noun can be replaced by a pronoun.


The noun usually introduces the noun cluster, being followed by every other specifying form. Thus, other elements conveying ''possession'' and ''belonging'' are always placed '''after''' the noun, as well as every attributive adjective.
The noun usually closes the noun cluster, being preceded by every other specifying form. Thus, other elements conveying ''possession'' and ''belonging'' are always placed '''before''' the noun, as well as every attributive adjective.
  æl‘ sowgul‘ hæk æha vjiruha
  līruɕu sōnu
  <small>the man’s house</small>
  <small>the man’s house</small>


  lě ô ònəre
  oltuɕu lilā
  <small>my hand</small>
  <small>my hand</small>


  æl‘ ownal‘ jowɸæl‘
  jōbā ōna
  <small>a young woman</small>
  <small>the young woman</small>
 
The role of the noun cluster in the sentence and its number are marked by case and number endings. These endings mark also other adjectival elements inside the noun cluster, resulting this in the process called ''nominal agreement''.  
The role of the noun cluster in the sentence and its number are marked by case and number endings. These endings mark also other adjectival elements inside the noun cluster, resulting this in the process called ''nominal agreement''.  


Both ''attributive'' and ''predicative'' adjectives agree in case and number with the noun they specify. Other elements, which convey possession or belonging do not agree with the main nominal form.
Both ''attributive'' and ''predicative'' adjectives agree in case and number with the noun they specify. Other elements, which convey possession or belonging do not agree with the main nominal form.


  æl‘ ownal‘ jowɸæl‘ ojh jimjiθu kowf sowguha
  jōbāli līruli sōnohe imēheš
  <small>the young man is going home</small>
  <small>the young man is going home</small>


  æn‘ ownanol‘ jowɸænol‘
  oltuɕunu sōnu
  <small>the young women</small>
  <small>our house</small>


  æn‘ ownanol‘ onæh jowɸænol‘
  jōbāj ōnaj
<small>the two young women</small>
 
ōnanu jōbānu ɛnešon
  <small>the women are young</small>
  <small>the women are young</small>
The agreement among nouns and adjectives is not a universal phenomenon. Indefinite adjectives, indeed, usually do not agree with the nominal form, neither in case nor in number.


In colloquial speech, however, attributive adjectives do agree with the noun only in case, avoiding agreement in number:
The grammar role of noun clusters can be further specified by ''postpositions'', which are placed after the cluster. Thus, it can be stated that the noun cluster can be closed by a postposition.
æn‘ ownanol‘ jowɸæl‘
  sōnuhe ūm imēhow
<small>the young women</small>
  <small>I am going inside the house</small>
 
Non-qualifying adjectives display, conversely, an irregular behavior about their positioning inside the noun clustere and about the usage of the article.
 
The indefinite, interrogative, and demonstrative adjectives are, indeed, almost always placed ''before'' the noun without any article. They do agree with their noun in case and number.
hesul‘ vjirul‘
<small>no man</small>
 
šæxul‘ sowgul‘?
<small>which house?</small>
 
nistuxul‘ soɸal‘
<small>this dog</small>
 
The possessive adjectives are also always placed ''before'' the noun, but, unlike the other non-qualifying adjectives, they sistematically require the article, when adjoining a definite noun. They do agree with their noun in case and number.
æl‘ joral‘ lilæl‘
<small>my hand</small>
 
The grammar role of noun clusters can be further specified by ''prepositions'', which are placed before the cluster. Thus, it can be stated that the noun cluster can be introduced by a preposition.
  owf cæžɛbugjiθu gu æha sowguha
  <small>I am talking about the house</small>

Revision as of 03:18, 6 May 2025

Nouns

The noun cluster is formed by a noun, carrying the main meaning, and by other noun-type forms, namely adjectives, which specify this meaning or add other meanings to the main noun. Inside of a noun cluster, the noun can be replaced by a pronoun.

The noun usually closes the noun cluster, being preceded by every other specifying form. Thus, other elements conveying possession and belonging are always placed before the noun, as well as every attributive adjective. 

līruɕu sōnu
the man’s house

oltuɕu lilā
my hand

jōbā ōna 
the young woman

The role of the noun cluster in the sentence and its number are marked by case and number endings. These endings mark also other adjectival elements inside the noun cluster, resulting this in the process called nominal agreement.

Both attributive and predicative adjectives agree in case and number with the noun they specify. Other elements, which convey possession or belonging do not agree with the main nominal form. 

jōbāli līruli sōnohe imēheš
the young man is going home

oltuɕunu sōnu
our house

jōbāj ōnaj
the two young women

ōnanu jōbānu ɛnešon
the women are young

The agreement among nouns and adjectives is not a universal phenomenon. Indefinite adjectives, indeed, usually do not agree with the nominal form, neither in case nor in number.

The grammar role of noun clusters can be further specified by postpositions, which are placed after the cluster. Thus, it can be stated that the noun cluster can be closed by a postposition. 

sōnuhe ūm imēhow
I am going inside the house
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