User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII: Difference between revisions

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Some examples are shown below: a class I noun, rome, ''father'', and a class II noun, döme, ''house''.
Some examples are shown below: a class I noun, romex, ''father'', and a class II noun, tōmex, ''house''.
{|-
{|-
|-
|-
| || colspan="2" | <center>rome</center> || colspan="2" | <center>döme</center>
| || colspan="2" | <center>romex</center> || colspan="2" | <center>tōmex</center>
|-
|-
| style="width: 100px;"| || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''singular''</small></center>  || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''plural''</small></center> || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''singular''</small></center>  || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''plural''</small></center>
| style="width: 100px;"| || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''singular''</small></center>  || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''plural''</small></center> || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''singular''</small></center>  || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''plural''</small></center>
|-
|-
| <center><small>''ergative''</small></center> || romek || romik || ||  
| <center><small>''ergative''</small></center> || romex || romēx || tōmex || tōmēx
|-
|-
| <center><small>''absolutive''</small></center> || rome || romi || döme || dömi
| <center><small>''absolutive''</small></center> || rome || romē || tōme || tōmē
|-
|-
| <center><small>''genitive''</small></center> || romeħ || romiħ || dömeħ || dömiħ
| <center><small>''genitive''</small></center> || romefu || romēfu || tōmefu || tōmēfu
|-
|-
| <center><small>''dative''</small></center> || romeɕ || romiɕ || dömeɕ || dömiɕ
| <center><small>''dative''</small></center> || romešu || romēšu || tōmešu || tōmēšu
|-
|-
| <center><small>''causative''</small></center> || romen || romin || dömen || dömin
| <center><small>''dative''</small></center> || romeho || romēho || tōmeho || tōmēho
|-
|-
| <center><small>''oblique''</small></center> || romema || romima || dömema || dömima
| <center><small>''instrumental''</small></center> || || || tōmema || tōmēma
|-
| <center><small>''locative''</small></center> | || || tōmeva || tōmēva
|}
|}
As for the rules, the endings for the ergative case cannot be added to a class II noun.
As for the rules, the endings for the instrumental and locative case cannot be added to a class I noun.

Revision as of 08:53, 2 May 2025

Noun declension

Nouns are declined for number by changing the last vowel of the noun root. The commonest change is the lengthening of the final vowel:

a → ā
e → ē
i → ī
o → ō
u → ū

If the last vowel of the noun root is already long in the singular, it undergoes a changing in height:

ā → ē
ē → ī
ī → ī
ō → ū
ū → ū

As it can be noticed, nouns whose root ends in -ī and -ū do not distinguish any different plural forms.

Nouns are also declined in case by adding the following endings to the base form of the noun:

nominative
 -x
accusative
 -
genitive
 -fu
dative
 -šu
ablative
 -ho
instrumental
 -ma
locative
 -va

Some examples are shown below: a class I noun, romex, father, and a class II noun, tōmex, house.

romex
tōmex
singular
plural
singular
plural
ergative
 romex romēx tōmex tōmēx
absolutive
 rome romē tōme tōmē
genitive
 romefu romēfu tōmefu tōmēfu
dative
 romešu romēšu tōmešu tōmēšu
dative
 romeho romēho tōmeho tōmēho
instrumental
 tōmema tōmēma
tōmeva tōmēva

As for the rules, the endings for the instrumental and locative case cannot be added to a class I noun.

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