User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII: Difference between revisions
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Some examples are shown below: a | Nella fase unitaria i morfemi indicanti il numero non hanno una posizione fissa rispetto ai morfemi di caso. Si possono situare, abbastanza liberamente, prima o dopo i morfemi indicanti il caso. | ||
Some examples are shown below: a typical active or animate noun, '''papu''', ''father'', and a typical inactive or inanimate noun, '''soːŋo''', ''house''. | |||
{|- | {|- | ||
|- | |- | ||
| || colspan="2" | | | || colspan="2" | ''Singular declension'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | || <center>'''papu'''</center> || <center>'''soːŋo'''</center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center><small>''agentive''</small></center> || | | style="width: 100px;"| || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''agentive''</small></center> || style="width: 80px;"| '''papuli''' || style="width: 80px;"| '''-''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center><small>''passive''</small></center> || | | <center><small>''passive''</small></center> || '''papu''' || '''soːŋo''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center><small>''genitive''</small></center> || | | <center><small>''genitive''</small></center> || '''papura''' || '''-''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center><small>'' | | <center><small>''terminative''</small></center> || '''papuʂu''' || '''soːŋoʂu''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center><small>'' | | <center><small>''terminative''</small></center> || '''papuχæ''' || '''soːŋoχæ''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center><small>''abessive''</small></center> || || || | | <center><small>''causative''</small></center> || '''papukʰu''' || '''soːŋokʰu''' | ||
|- | |||
| <center><small>''instrumental''</small></center> || '''-''' || '''soːŋokʰæ''' | |||
|- | |||
| <center><small>''abessive''</small></center> || '''-''' || '''soːŋoŋil''' | |||
|- | |||
| <center><small>''locative''</small></center> || '''-''' || '''soːŋoʈar''' | |||
|} | |} | ||
As for the rules, the endings for the abessive case cannot be added to a class I noun, while the endings for the ergative case cannot be added to a class II noun. | As for the rules, the endings for the abessive case cannot be added to a class I noun, while the endings for the ergative case cannot be added to a class II noun. | ||
Revision as of 06:28, 2 May 2025
Noun declension
As already mentioned, the nominal root has a CVCV structure. This structure can be derivatively and semantically expanded by other syllables, while still preserving its vowel-ending structure.
Nouns do decline, according to their role in the sentence for case. They also distinguish three morphological numbers, singular, dual, and plural.
A nominal root is thus declined for case and number by adding the following morphemes:
| Case morphemes | |
| -li | |
| - | |
| -ra | |
| -ʂu | |
| -χæ | |
| -kʰu | |
| -kʰæ | |
| -ŋil | |
| -ʈar | |
| Numeral morphemes | |
| - | |
| -no | |
| -ʔi | |
Nella fase unitaria i morfemi indicanti il numero non hanno una posizione fissa rispetto ai morfemi di caso. Si possono situare, abbastanza liberamente, prima o dopo i morfemi indicanti il caso.
Some examples are shown below: a typical active or animate noun, papu, father, and a typical inactive or inanimate noun, soːŋo, house.
| Singular declension | |||
| papuli | - | ||
| papu | soːŋo | ||
| papura | - | ||
| papuʂu | soːŋoʂu | ||
| papuχæ | soːŋoχæ | ||
| papukʰu | soːŋokʰu | ||
| - | soːŋokʰæ | ||
| - | soːŋoŋil | ||
| - | soːŋoʈar | ||
As for the rules, the endings for the abessive case cannot be added to a class I noun, while the endings for the ergative case cannot be added to a class II noun.
