User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII: Difference between revisions

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| <center><small>''oblique''</small></center> || -š || -šũ
| <center><small>''oblique''</small></center> || -š || -šũ
|}
|}
An example is shown below: sobar, ''dog''.
An example is shown below: sobar, ''dog''.
{|-
{|-
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Nouns ending in a consonant in the singular direct case usually add a euphonic vowel before the endings of the other cases. There is no tendency on a specific euphonic vowel.
Nouns ending in a consonant in the singular direct case usually add a euphonic vowel before the endings of the other cases. There is no tendency on a specific euphonic vowel.
<small>bas.</small> vær‘ → <small>dir.</small> vær‘il‘, <small>obl.</small> vær‘iha, ...


Some irregular nouns, conversely, change their last vowel in the root before adding other endings. The commonest changes are u → o, or i → e. A lot of these nouns display both irregular and regular forms, especially in earlier texts. In modern texts the amount of irregular forms is extremely limited, with a strong tendency towards regularization by analogy.
An example is shown below: rimər, ''world'', ''earth''.
<small>bas.</small> sænu → <small>dir.</small> sænol‘, <small>obl.</small> sænoha, ...
{|-
<small>bas.</small> voɸi → <small>dir.</small> voɸel‘, <small>obl.</small> voɸeha, ...
|-
| || colspan="2" | <center>sobar</center>
|-
| style="width: 100px;"| || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''singular''</small></center>  || style="width: 80px;"|<center><small>''plural''</small></center>
|-
| <center><small>''basic''</small></center> || rimər || rimərĩ
|-
| <center><small>''direct''</small></center> || rim || rimə̃
|-
| <center><small>''oblique''</small></center> || riməš || riməšũ
|}

Revision as of 10:41, 30 April 2025

Noun declension

Nouns are declined in case and number by adding the following endings to the base form of the noun:

singular
plural
nominative
 -r -rĩ
accusative
 - - ̃
oblique
 -š -šũ

An example is shown below: sobar, dog.

sobar
singular
plural
basic
 sobar sobarĩ
direct
 soba sobã
oblique
 sobaš sobašũ

As it can be noticed, the plural form of the accusative case always involves nasalization of the last vowel. This process may happen on every available vowel, but, if the last vowel is already nasal in the singular, the plural accusative form will be identical to its singular counterpart.

Nouns ending in a consonant in the singular direct case usually add a euphonic vowel before the endings of the other cases. There is no tendency on a specific euphonic vowel.

An example is shown below: rimər, world, earth.

sobar
singular
plural
basic
 rimər rimərĩ
direct
 rim rimə̃
oblique
 riməš riməšũ
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