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The group of the plosive consonants distinguishes four sub-groups: ''voiceless'', ''voiced'', ''palatal'' and ''uvular'', even though the uvular sub-group includes only the phoneme [q].
The group of the plosive consonants distinguishes four sub-groups: ''voiceless'', ''voiced'', and ''palatal''.


The groups of the nasal and of the liquid consonants are slighty poorer, but anyway quite developed. There are noticeably two clearly distinct rothic phonemes, namely [r] and [ɾ].
The groups of the nasal and of the liquid consonants are slighty poorer, but anyway quite developed. There is noticeably only one retroflex phoneme, [ʂ].


The group of the fricative consonants is overall well developed and rich in points of articulation, with a limited distinction between some voiced and voiceless phonemes.  
The group of the fricative consonants is overall well developed and rich in points of articulation, with only one voiced phoneme, [β].  


There are two affricate consonants, voiceless [ʧ] and voiced [ʤ]. The phoneme [j] can have only a full consonantal value and it is never regarded as a semivowel.
There is one affricate consonant, [ʧ]. The phoneme [w] can have both a semivocalic and a full consonantal value.

Revision as of 02:08, 18 April 2025

Main article: Nämty

This page gives an extensive description of Nämty phonological features.

Consonants

The consonant system distinguishes 24 phonemes, traditionally arranged in the following scheme:

IPA
Transcription
plosive voiceless
[p]
[k]
[t]
p
k
t
voiced
[b]
[g]
[d]
b
g
d
palatal
[c]
[ɟ]
c
ɟ
retroflex
[ʂ]
ʂ
nasal
[m]
[n]
[ɲ]
m
n
ň
liquid
[r]
[l]
[ʎ]
r
l
ʎ
fricative sibilant
[s]
s
post-alveolar
[ʃ]
š
bilabial
[β]
β
palatal
[ç]
[ɕ]
ç
ɕ
glottal
[h]
h
pharyngeal
[ħ]
ħ
affricate
[ʧ]
č
approximant
[w]
w

The group of the plosive consonants distinguishes four sub-groups: voiceless, voiced, and palatal.

The groups of the nasal and of the liquid consonants are slighty poorer, but anyway quite developed. There is noticeably only one retroflex phoneme, [ʂ].

The group of the fricative consonants is overall well developed and rich in points of articulation, with only one voiced phoneme, [β].

There is one affricate consonant, [ʧ]. The phoneme [w] can have both a semivocalic and a full consonantal value.

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