User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII: Difference between revisions

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This form is treated as a regularly declinable noun:
This form is treated as a regularly declinable noun, with an external plural:


{|-
{|-
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| style="width: 100px;"| <center><small>''digit''</small></center> || <center><small>''noun form''</small></center>  
| style="width: 100px;"| <center><small>''digit''</small></center> || <center><small>''noun form''</small></center>  
|-
|-
| <center>''3,000,000'':</center>  || miəkō t́əntəno
| <center>''3,000,000'':</center>  || emqi̥ țë̥ntëj
|-
|-
| <center>''25,000,000'':</center>  || ʔatrū ṕāge t́əntəno
| <center>''25,000,000'':</center>  || ʔḁtru fḁ̈nu țë̥ntëj
|}
|}


Nouns adjoining such numerals are not preceded by any preposition and are declined in the case required by their syntactical role in the sentence, as the numerals themselves:


If this numeral is used as a simple count form, it is declined in the passive case. Inside of a structured sentence, it is declined according the case required by its syntactical role. Nouns adjoining such numerals are introduced by the preposition čɛl and are declined in the ablative case.
  iʔẙqoʔ țë̥ntëjoʔ o̥ćnuhoʔ
 
  ʔakiə t́əntəxəno fūkarano
  <small>to two millions people</small>
  <small>to two millions people</small>


Ordinal numerals are formed by adding the ordinal ending -lo to the cardinal numeral form, with an irregular suppletive form:
Ordinal numerals are formed by adding the ordinal ending -iju/-ju  to the cardinal numeral form, with some irregularities:
{|-
{|-
|-
|-
| style="width: 40px;"| <center><small>''digit''</small></center> || <center><small>''adjective form''</small></center>  
| style="width: 40px;"| <center><small>''digit''</small></center> || <center><small>''adjective form''</small></center>  
|-
|-
| <center>''1<sup>st</sup>'':</center> || roɕdu
| <center>''1<sup>st</sup>'':</center> || țe̥ʔiju
|-
|-
| <center>''2<sup>nd</sup>'':</center>  || ogidu
| <center>''2<sup>nd</sup>'':</center>  || iʔẙqiju
|-
|-
| <center>''3<sup>rd</sup>'':</center>  || migōdu
| <center>''3<sup>rd</sup>'':</center>  || emqi̥ju
|-
|-
| <center>''4<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || nōhdu
| <center>''4<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || anḁ̈ŕiju
|-
|-
| <center>''5<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || čōndu
| <center>''5<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || fḁ̈niju
|-
|-
| <center>''6<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || θūhadu
| <center>''6<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || yťŕḁ̈ju
|-
|-
| <center>''7<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || hoɕedu
| <center>''7<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || iħśü̥ju
|-
|-
| <center>''8<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || šudu
| <center>''8<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || ʔe̥ćiju
|-
|-
| <center>''9<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || cōjudu
| <center>''9<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || ḁtjöju
|-
|-
| <center>''10<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || fēwdu
| <center>''10<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || po̥ʔiju
|-
|-
| <center>''11<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || ɕōwfēwdu
| <center>''11<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || poʔițe̥ʔuju
|-
|-
| <center>''12<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || ogifēwdu
| <center>''12<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || poʔiʔẙqiju
|-
|-
| <center>''20<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || ogifēwtujdu
| <center>''19<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || iʔquʔḁ̥triju
|-
|-
| <center>''30<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || ogifēwtujdu
| <center>''20<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || ʔḁtriju
|-
|-
| <center>''60<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || θūhafēwtunudu
| <center>''30<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || ipʔemqi̥ju
|}
|-
 
| <center>''100<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || u̥nciju
The ordinal numeral for “millionth” is regularly formed from its corresponding cardinal forms, by adding the epenthetic vowel -ə-, while its multiples are formed by unifying the separated forms in an only adjectival word:
 
{|-
|-
|-
| style="width: 100px;"| <center><small>''digit''</small></center> || <center><small>''adjective form''</small></center>  
| <center>''600<sup>th</sup>'':</center> || nocyťŕḁ̈ju
|-
|-
| <center>''1,000,000<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || t́əntəlo
| <center>''1000<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || ëțnẙtiju
|-
|-
| <center>''3,000,000<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || miəkōt́əntəlo
| <center>''9000<sup>th</sup>'':</center>  || țnëtḁtjöju
|}
|}


If the numeral form is composite, the ending is added only to the last numeral form:
If the numeral form is composite, the ending is added only to the last numeral form:
*''25<sup>th</sup>'': ʔatrū ṕāgelo
*''25<sup>th</sup>'': ʔatru ka fänuju

Revision as of 02:13, 6 April 2025

Main article: Memniq

This page gives an extensive description of Memniq morphological features.

Numerals

The numeral system relies on a mixed system of decimal base and a vigesimal base.

The first ten cardinal numbers are noun-like forms on their own:

digit
full form
1:
 țe̥ʔu
2:
 iʔẙq
3:
 emqi̥
4:
 anḁ̈ŕ
5:
 fḁ̈nu
6:
 yťŕḁ̈
7:
 iħśü̥
8:
 ʔe̥ći
9:
 ḁtjö
10:
 po̥ʔi

Numerals from 11 to 17 are built with the construction po̥ʔi + NUM:

digit
full form
11:
 poʔițe̥ʔu
12:
 poʔiʔẙq
13:
 poʔemqi̥
14:
 poʔanḁ̈ŕ
15:
 poʔyťŕḁ̈
16:
 poʔifḁ̈nu
16:
 poʔiħśü̥

As it can be seen, if the numeral begins with a vowel, the final vowel of po̥ʔi is dropped.

Numerals 18 and 19 are irregularly built from the numeral 20:

digit
full form
18:
 iʔquʔḁ̥tru
19:
 țeʔuʔḁtru

The numerals for 20 is a noun-like form on their own:

digit
full form
20:
 ʔḁtru

Numerals for 30, 50, 70 and 90 are built with the construction i̥pʔa + NUM:

digit
full form
30:
 ipʔemqi̥
50:
 ipʔafḁ̈nu
70:
 ipʔiħśü̥
90:
 ipʔḁtjö

As it can be seen, if the numeral begins with a vowel, the final vowel of i̥pʔa is dropped.

Numerals for 40, 60 and 80 are built with the construction ʔtḁr + 2 / 3 / 4:

digit
full form
46:
 ʔtariʔẙq
60:
 ʔtaremqi̥
80:
 ʔtaranḁ̈ŕ

The numerals for (one) hundred and (one) thousand are noun-like forms on their own:

digit
full form
100:
 u̥ncu
1000:
 ëțnẙt

The numerals for the multiples of hundreds and thousands are built with the construction no̥cu / țnë̥to + NUM:

hundreds
thousands
2x:
 nociʔẙq țnëtiʔẙq
3x:
 nocemqi̥ țnëtemqi̥
4x:
 nocanḁ̈ŕ țnëtanḁ̈ŕ
5x:
 nocufḁ̈nu țnëtofḁ̈nu
6x:
 nocyťŕḁ̈ țnëtyťŕḁ̈
7x:
 nociħśü̥ țnëtiħśü̥
8x:
 nocuʔe̥ći țnëtoʔe̥ći
9x:
 nocḁtjö țnëtḁtjö

As it can be seen, if the numeral begins with a vowel, the final vowels of no̥cu and țnë̥to are dropped.

Composite numbers are built by linking them with the conjunction ka, and, in descending order:

  • 1985: ëțnẙt ka nocḁtjö ka ʔtaranḁ̈ŕ ka fḁ̈nu

All cardinal numerals up to these forms are treated as adjective-like forms. They decline according to their adjoining nouns in case, but they do not agree in number. Numerals do decline only in singular number. However, numeral are placed almost always before their adjoining nouns. In later texts they can be found also after their nouns.

The numeral for “million” is formed from the word ëțnẙt. Numbers above the millions have no name and are specified by the lesser numerals.

digit
noun form
1,000,000:
 țë̥nt

This form is treated as a regularly declinable noun, with an external plural:

digit
noun form
3,000,000:
 emqi̥ țë̥ntëj
25,000,000:
 ʔḁtru fḁ̈nu țë̥ntëj

Nouns adjoining such numerals are not preceded by any preposition and are declined in the case required by their syntactical role in the sentence, as the numerals themselves: 

iʔẙqoʔ țë̥ntëjoʔ o̥ćnuhoʔ
to two millions people

Ordinal numerals are formed by adding the ordinal ending -iju/-ju to the cardinal numeral form, with some irregularities:

digit
adjective form
1st:
 țe̥ʔiju
2nd:
 iʔẙqiju
3rd:
 emqi̥ju
4th:
 anḁ̈ŕiju
5th:
 fḁ̈niju
6th:
 yťŕḁ̈ju
7th:
 iħśü̥ju
8th:
 ʔe̥ćiju
9th:
 ḁtjöju
10th:
 po̥ʔiju
11th:
 poʔițe̥ʔuju
12th:
 poʔiʔẙqiju
19th:
 iʔquʔḁ̥triju
20th:
 ʔḁtriju
30th:
 ipʔemqi̥ju
100th:
 u̥nciju
600th:
 nocyťŕḁ̈ju
1000th:
 ëțnẙtiju
9000th:
 țnëtḁtjöju

If the numeral form is composite, the ending is added only to the last numeral form:

  • 25th: ʔatru ka fänuju
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