Senjecas idioms - C 1-10: Difference between revisions

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*'''37.''' to bring back - '''ke̋ra''' [''t.v.'' return, get back; give back]
*'''1.''' to call a meeting - '''műþom műþa'''
*If these shoes don't fit, bring them back.
*The president called a meeting for today.
*'''éb' i-þa̋a̋bos ude̋ȝa. toári éȝon kere̋ȝa:'''
*'''n̨oofse̋ðlu saha̋s kíma műþom e-műþa:'''
:{|
:{|
!éb'||i=þa̋a̋b-os||ud-e̋ȝa||toári||éȝ-on||ker-e̋ȝa
!n̨oof.se̋ð-l-u||s.ah-a̋s||kíma||műþ-om||e=műþ-a
|-
|-
|if=ELIS||these=shoe-N.p||fit-SBJ||then||3-A.p||bring_back-SBJ
|before.sit-AG-N.s||this.day-G.s||for||meeting-A.s||convoke-IND
|}
|}




*'''38.''' to bring out - '''san̨e̋ta'''
*'''2.''' to call down - '''k̬e̋e̋da''', ''t.v.'' admonish, reprove, rebuke, reprimand, reproach
*Every year the dressmakers bring out new styles.
*The king called down his minister for his carelessness.
*'''vı̋sa dı̋lamɛ muumva̋a̋nlus ȝűűno uurzı̋nosɛ san̨e̋ta:'''
*'''ve̋ndu eȝu-alteuta̋s ha nı̋ı̋xlum e-k̬e̋e̋da:'''
:{|
:{|
!vı̋sa-Ø||dı̋l-am=ɛ||muum.va̋a̋n.l-us||ȝűűno-Ø||uur.zı̋n-os=ɛ||san̨-e̋t-a
!ve̋nd-u||eȝu=alteut-a̋s||ha||nı̋ı̋x-l-um||e=k̬e̋e̋d-a
|-
|-
|every-ABS||year-A.s=EPEN||dress.make.AG-N.p||new-ABS||art.form-N.p=EPEN||acquaint-CAUS-IND
|king-N.s||his=minister-G.s||for||minister-AG-A.s||PST=call_down-IND
|}
|}




*'''39.''' to bring to '''loovı̋d̨a'''
*'''3.''' to call for - '''tőƣa''', ''t.v.'' bring (back), fetch, come for, get, pick up
*After she fainted, it took a while to bring her to.
*I will call for you tomorrow at 3:00.
*'''pós' ii-éȝu e-te̋e̋la. ii-éȝum loovı̋d̨u ke̋e̋sam e-kı̋ı̋þa:'''
*'''mu ṡúm̃vi tı̋rta orda̋s tum u-tőƣa:'''
:{|
:{|
!pós'||ii=éȝ-u||e=te̋e̋l-a||ii=éȝ-um||loov-ı̋d̨-u||ke̋e̋s-am||e=kı̋ı̋þ-a
!m-u||ṡúm̃=vi||tı̋rta-Ø||ord-a̋s||t-um||u=tőƣ-a
|-
|-
|after=ELIS||F=3-N.s||PST=faint-IND||F=3-A.s||fresh-TRZ-SUP||while-A.s||PST=take-IND
|1s-N||tomorrow=ADV||third-ABS||hour-G.s||2s-A||FUT=call_for-IND
|}
|}




*'''40.''' to bring up - '''m̃őrta''' [''t.v.'' raise (''animals'')]
*'''4.''' to call names - '''pőőra''', ''t.v.'' insult, affront
*I was brought up in the Tidewater region of Virginia.
*Calling names in anger is never nice.
*'''mu virgin̨a̋s untɛtaim̃a̋s éna m̃őrtaþu e-ı̋la:'''
*'''pőőru geƣra̋s ha la̋ra e̋sa neténu:'''
:{|
:{|
!m-u||virgin̨-a̋s||unt=ɛ.taim̃-a̋s||éna||m̃őrt-a-þ-u||e=ı̋l-a
!pőőr-u||geƣr-a̋s||ha||la̋r-a||e̋s-a||neténu
|-
|-
|1s-N||Virginia-G.s||tide=EPEN.region-G.s||in||bring_up-IND-PP-N.s||PST=become-IND
|call_names-SUP||anger-G.s||in||nice-N.s||be-IND||never
|}
|}




*'''41.''' to build up - '''va̋xa''' [''t.v.'' augment]
*'''5.''' to call off - '''ṡenı̋d̨a''', ''t.v.'' nullify, void, invalidate, annul, revoke, rescind, abrogate, cancel, repeal, abolish, abrogate
*The general is building up his army for the coming war.
*Because of the earthquake I had to call off my trip to the mountains.
*'''soþve̋e̋l̤u ȝőbanto sotős fára őmum va̋xantu vűűa:'''
*'''talrira̋s ha. mu ǧa̋ron do mu-ta̋ƣom ṡenı̋d̨u e-ke̋la:'''
:{|
:{|
!soþ.ve̋e̋l-l-u||ȝőb-a-nto-Ø||sot-ős||fára||őm-um||va̋x-a-nt-u||vűű-a
!tal.rir-a̋s||ha||m-u||ǧa̋r-on||do||mu=ta̋ƣ-om||ṡen-ı̋d̨-u||e=ke̋l-a
|-
|-
|war.be_in_charge-AG-N.s||come_near-IND-AP-ABS||war-G.s||for||army-A.s||build_up-IND-AP-N.s||be-IND
|earth.quake-G.s||because_of||1s.N||mountain-A.p||to||my=trip-A.s||null-TRZ-SUP||PST=have_to-IND
|}
|}




*'''42.''' to burn down - '''a̋iða'''
*'''6.''' to call on - '''nı̋ma''', ''t.v.'' visit
*The stable burned down, but the horses escaped.
*We are always happy when you call on us.
*'''dődo e-a̋iða. ésti mőres e-vűƣa:'''
*'''m̃us ka̋itus visténu vűűa. méti tu/ȝu m̃unɛ nı̋ma:'''
:{|
:{|
!dőd-o||e=a̋ið-a||ésti||mőr-es||e-vűƣ-a
!m̃-us||ka̋it-us||visténu||vűű-a||méti||t-u/ȝ-u||m̃-un=ɛ||nı̋m-a
|-
|-
|stable-N.s||PST=burn_down-IND||but||horse-N.p||PST-escape-IND
|1p-N||happy-N.p||always||be-IND||when||2s-N/2p-N||1p-A||call_on-IND
|}
|}


*'''mőre''', Przewalsky’s horse (''Equus przewalskii'')


*'''7.''' to call to order - '''pa̋fram ı̋ga'''
*Please sit down and I will call the meeting to order.
*'''sede̋ȝa. da mu pafra̋s o műþom u-ı̋ga:'''
:{|
!sed-e̋ȝa||da||m-u||pafr-a̋s||o||műþ-om||u=ı̋g-a
|-
|sit-SBJ||and||1s.N||order-G.s||to||meeting-A.s||FUT=request-IND
|}


*'''43.''' to burn up - '''ora̋iða'''
 
*After the explosion, the building burned up.
*'''8.''' to carry out - '''f̨űda''', ''t.v.'' cause, effect, motivate, occasion, bring about, produce, accomplish, do, make happen, make
*'''nabős pósa. de̋m' or-e-a̋iða:'''
*The plot was discovered before they could carry it out.
*'''őőumra de̋e̋saþa e-ı̋la. fési éȝus éȝam f̨űdu e-ma̋ƣa:'''
:{|
:{|
!nab-ős||pósa||de̋m='||or=e=a̋ið-a
!őőumr-a||de̋e̋s-a-þ-a||e=ı̋l-a||fési||éȝ-us||éȝ-am||f̨űd-u||e=ma̋ƣ-a
|-
|-
|explosion-G.s||after||building=ELIS||all=PST=burn-IND
|plot-N.s||discover-IND-PP-N.s||PST=become-IND||before||3-N.p||3-A.s||carry_out-SUP||PST=be_able-IND
|}
|}




*'''44.''' to buy up - '''orsa̋a'''
*'''9.''' to catch cold - '''he̋rṡom de̋xa''', ''t.v.'' obtain, acquire, procure, get, gain, catch up with; accede to [''throne'']
*If we pool our money, we can buy up their shares
 
*'''ébi m̃us pı̋ı̋nom kaþe̋ȝa. toári eȝu-ne̋mon orsa̋u ma̋ƣa:'''
*Wear your coat or you will catch cold.
*'''tu-sa̋gom ȝőpe. m̃o he̋rṡom u-de̋xa:'''
:{|
:{|
!ébi||m̃-us||pı̋ı̋n-om||kaþ-e̋ȝa||toári||eȝu=ne̋m-on||or.sa̋-u||ma̋ƣ-a
!tu=sa̋g-om||ȝőp-e||m̃o||he̋rṡ-om||u=de̋x-a
|-
|-
|if||1p-N||money-A.s||pool-SBJ||then||their=share-A.p||all.buy-SUP||be_able-IND
|your=coat-A.s||wear-IMP||or||cold-A.s||FUT=catch-IND
|}
|}




*'''45.''' by all means - '''kísvi'''
*'''10.''' to catch fire - '''a̋a̋þa''', ''i.v.'' kindle-, start-, -a fire, ignite.
*By all means, we will have to go to the dance.
*She left the candle by the window and the curtain caught fire.
*'''kísvi m̃us mevsa̋rom do a̋t' u-ke̋la:'''
*'''ii-éȝu þungős kóma ȝa̋a̋kom e-te̋m̃a. da műűdo e-a̋a̋þa:'''
:{|
:{|
!kís=vi||m̃-us||mev.sa̋r-om||do||a̋t-'||u=ke̋l-a
!ii=éȝ-u||þung-ős||kóma||ȝa̋a̋k-om||e=te̋m̃-a||da||műűd-o||e=a̋a̋þ-a
|-
|-
|certain=ADV||1p-N||dance.party-A.s||to||go=ELIS||FUT=have_to-IND
|F=3-N.s||window-G.s||by||candle-A.s||PST=leave-IND||and||curtain-N.s||PST=catch_fire-IND
|}
|}




[[Senjecas idioms - C 1-10]]
[[Senjecas idioms - C 11-20]]

Latest revision as of 11:59, 5 January 2026

Pronunciation table

peműko
(labial)
 riisűko
(dental) 		muitűko
(alveolar) 		vainűko
(palatal) 		ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(vowels with प) 		nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(weak vowels)
p
 b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a ɔ o u ı ɛ y
प
 ब फ भ म़ म त द थ ध ल़ ल च ज स स़ र न क ग क़ ग़ ह य स्व स्य इ ई
पि पी 		ए एै
पे पै 		अ आ
प पा 		ऒ ॵ
पॊ पॏ 		ओ औ
पो पौ 		उ ऊ
पु पू 		पं पऺ पॅ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural ABL = ablative suffix COL = collective F = feminine INT = intensive prefix PRV = privative prefix SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural ABS = absolutive
(an unmarked modifying adjective) 		DES = desiderative FRQ = frequentative LAT = lative suffix PST = past TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person ADV = adverb DIM = diminutive FUT = future LOC = locative suffix Q = interrogative particle VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) AG = agent ELIS = elision IMP = imperative M = masculine QUOT = direct quotation YNG = young
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) AP = agent (active) participle ELT = elative INC = inchoative OCC = occupation suffix REV = reversive
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural) AUG = augmentative EP = epenthesis IND = indicative PP = patient (past) participle RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) CAUS = causative EQU = equative degree INS = instrument PRF = perfect SBJ = subjunctive


  • 1. to call a meeting - műþom műþa
  • The president called a meeting for today.
  • n̨oofse̋ðlu saha̋s kíma műþom e-műþa:
n̨oof.se̋ð-l-u s.ah-a̋s kíma műþ-om e=műþ-a
before.sit-AG-N.s this.day-G.s for meeting-A.s convoke-IND


  • 2. to call down - k̬e̋e̋da, t.v. admonish, reprove, rebuke, reprimand, reproach
  • The king called down his minister for his carelessness.
  • ve̋ndu eȝu-alteuta̋s ha nı̋ı̋xlum e-k̬e̋e̋da:
ve̋nd-u eȝu=alteut-a̋s ha nı̋ı̋x-l-um e=k̬e̋e̋d-a
king-N.s his=minister-G.s for minister-AG-A.s PST=call_down-IND


  • 3. to call for - tőƣa, t.v. bring (back), fetch, come for, get, pick up
  • I will call for you tomorrow at 3:00.
  • mu ṡúm̃vi tı̋rta orda̋s tum u-tőƣa:
m-u ṡúm̃=vi tı̋rta-Ø ord-a̋s t-um u=tőƣ-a
1s-N tomorrow=ADV third-ABS hour-G.s 2s-A FUT=call_for-IND


  • 4. to call names - pőőra, t.v. insult, affront
  • Calling names in anger is never nice.
  • pőőru geƣra̋s ha la̋ra e̋sa neténu:
pőőr-u geƣr-a̋s ha la̋r-a e̋s-a neténu
call_names-SUP anger-G.s in nice-N.s be-IND never


  • 5. to call off - ṡenı̋d̨a, t.v. nullify, void, invalidate, annul, revoke, rescind, abrogate, cancel, repeal, abolish, abrogate
  • Because of the earthquake I had to call off my trip to the mountains.
  • talrira̋s ha. mu ǧa̋ron do mu-ta̋ƣom ṡenı̋d̨u e-ke̋la:
tal.rir-a̋s ha m-u ǧa̋r-on do mu=ta̋ƣ-om ṡen-ı̋d̨-u e=ke̋l-a
earth.quake-G.s because_of 1s.N mountain-A.p to my=trip-A.s null-TRZ-SUP PST=have_to-IND


  • 6. to call on - nı̋ma, t.v. visit
  • We are always happy when you call on us.
  • m̃us ka̋itus visténu vűűa. méti tu/ȝu m̃unɛ nı̋ma:
m̃-us ka̋it-us visténu vűű-a méti t-u/ȝ-u m̃-un=ɛ nı̋m-a
1p-N happy-N.p always be-IND when 2s-N/2p-N 1p-A call_on-IND


  • 7. to call to order - pa̋fram ı̋ga
  • Please sit down and I will call the meeting to order.
  • sede̋ȝa. da mu pafra̋s o műþom u-ı̋ga:
sed-e̋ȝa da m-u pafr-a̋s o műþ-om u=ı̋g-a
sit-SBJ and 1s.N order-G.s to meeting-A.s FUT=request-IND


  • 8. to carry out - f̨űda, t.v. cause, effect, motivate, occasion, bring about, produce, accomplish, do, make happen, make
  • The plot was discovered before they could carry it out.
  • őőumra de̋e̋saþa e-ı̋la. fési éȝus éȝam f̨űdu e-ma̋ƣa:
őőumr-a de̋e̋s-a-þ-a e=ı̋l-a fési éȝ-us éȝ-am f̨űd-u e=ma̋ƣ-a
plot-N.s discover-IND-PP-N.s PST=become-IND before 3-N.p 3-A.s carry_out-SUP PST=be_able-IND


  • 9. to catch cold - he̋rṡom de̋xa, t.v. obtain, acquire, procure, get, gain, catch up with; accede to [throne]
  • Wear your coat or you will catch cold.
  • tu-sa̋gom ȝőpe. m̃o he̋rṡom u-de̋xa:
tu=sa̋g-om ȝőp-e m̃o he̋rṡ-om u=de̋x-a
your=coat-A.s wear-IMP or cold-A.s FUT=catch-IND


  • 10. to catch fire - a̋a̋þa, i.v. kindle-, start-, -a fire, ignite.
  • She left the candle by the window and the curtain caught fire.
  • ii-éȝu þungős kóma ȝa̋a̋kom e-te̋m̃a. da műűdo e-a̋a̋þa:
ii=éȝ-u þung-ős kóma ȝa̋a̋k-om e=te̋m̃-a da műűd-o e=a̋a̋þ-a
F=3-N.s window-G.s by candle-A.s PST=leave-IND and curtain-N.s PST=catch_fire-IND


Senjecas idioms - C 11-20

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