User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII: Difference between revisions

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===Interrogative pronouns===
===Interrogative pronouns===
The basic interrogative pronoun is:
The basic interrogative adjective is:
 
*''which'': '''xọh'''
 
It displays no morphological distinction between animate or inanimate referents. It displays a complete declension and it is declined with the same endings as the nominal declension.
 
The numeral ending, conversely, is chosen according to the animacy of the referent. If the referent's animacy is unclear, the inanimate ending is automatically chosen:


{|-
{|-
| style="width: 100px;"| || style="width: 100px;"|<center><small>''singular''</small></center>  || style="width: 100px;"|<center><small>''plural''</small></center>
| || colspan="3" | <small>''<center>who / what''</small>
|-
| style="width: 100px;"| || style="width: 100px;"|<center><small>''singular''</small></center>  || style="width: 100px;"|<center><small>''animate plural''</small></center> || style="width: 100px;"|<center><small>''inanimate plural''</small></center>
|-
| <small>''<center>nominative</center>''</small> || kaa || kaažo || kaahuu
|-
| <small>''<center>accusative</center>''</small> || kaano || kaažono || kaahuuno
|-
| <small>''<center>genitive</center>''</small> || kaarra || kaažorra || kaahuurra
|-
| <small>''<center>dative</center>''</small> || kaahoo || kaažohoo || kaahuuhoo
|-
| <small>''<center>ablative</center>''</small> || kaaśu || kaažośu || kaahuuśu
|-
|-
| <small>''<center>who / what</center>''</small> || <center>țe̥h</center> || <center>ți̥h</center>
| <small>''<center>instrumental</center>''</small> || kaaddoo || kaažoddoo || kaahuuddoo
|-
| <small>''<center>locative</center>''</small> || kaamu || kaažomu || kaahuumu
|-
| <small>''<center>allative</center>''</small> || kaamo || kaažomo || kaahuumo
|-
| <small>''<center>delative</center>''</small> || kaama || kaažoma || kaahuuma
|-
| <small>''<center>benefactive</center>''</small> || kaaga || kaažoga || kaahuuga
|-
| <small>''<center>causative</center>''</small> || kaabbuu || kaažobbuu || kaahuubbuu
|-
| <small>''<center>abessive</center>''</small> || kaajjo || kaažojjo || kaahuujjo
|-
| <small>''<center>essive</center>''</small> || kaawaa || kaažowaa || kaahuuwaa
|-
| <small>''<center>comparative</center>''</small> || kaahha || kaažohha || kaahuuhha
|-
| <small>''<center>contrastive</center>''</small> || kaakka || kaažokka || kaahuukka
|-
| <small>''<center>partitive</center>''</small> || kaappuu || kaažoppuu || kaahuuppuu
|}
|}


It displays no morphological distinction between animate or inanimate referents. It displays a complete declension and it is declined with the same endings as the nominal declension.
Declined forms can take different interrogative meaning, usually depending on the context:
 
There are also other interrogative pronouns (and adverbs), usually derived from the basic interrogative pronoun:
 
* oțẙh: where (<small>static location</small>)
* yțḁh: where (<small>motion toward</small>)
* yțho̥š: where... from (<small>motion form</small>)


There are also the following interrogative adjectives:
* kaamu: where (<small>static location</small>)
* kaamo: where (<small>motion toward</small>)
* kaama: where... from (<small>motion form</small>)
* kaabbuu: why (<small>which cause</small>)


* țe̥hu : which
An interrogative adjective is built through the adjectival ending -je/-jo:


Such adjectives, like the demonstrative adjectives, tend to be placed before their nouns. However, in the later period, they can be found after their nouns. They are declined with the same endings as the nominal declension.
* kaajo : which


Within an interrogative clause, pronouns usually are usually placed in their syntactical position, according to their role, but in the later period they tend to be moved at the beginning of the sentence. In addition, like other parts of the sentences, they can be introduced by prepositions:
Other interrogative forms are built through specific nouns.


jäspo̥ħo nüh țe̥hoʔ?
Within an interrogative clause, pronouns usually are usually placed in their syntactical position, according to their role, but in the later period they tend to be moved at the beginning of the sentence.
<small>whom are you talking about?</small>

Revision as of 04:27, 25 September 2025

Interrogative pronouns

The basic interrogative adjective is:

  • which: xọh

It displays no morphological distinction between animate or inanimate referents. It displays a complete declension and it is declined with the same endings as the nominal declension.

The numeral ending, conversely, is chosen according to the animacy of the referent. If the referent's animacy is unclear, the inanimate ending is automatically chosen:

who / what
singular
animate plural
inanimate plural
nominative
 kaa kaažo kaahuu
accusative
 kaano kaažono kaahuuno
genitive
 kaarra kaažorra kaahuurra
dative
 kaahoo kaažohoo kaahuuhoo
ablative
 kaaśu kaažośu kaahuuśu
instrumental
 kaaddoo kaažoddoo kaahuuddoo
locative
 kaamu kaažomu kaahuumu
allative
 kaamo kaažomo kaahuumo
delative
 kaama kaažoma kaahuuma
benefactive
 kaaga kaažoga kaahuuga
causative
 kaabbuu kaažobbuu kaahuubbuu
abessive
 kaajjo kaažojjo kaahuujjo
essive
 kaawaa kaažowaa kaahuuwaa
comparative
 kaahha kaažohha kaahuuhha
contrastive
 kaakka kaažokka kaahuukka
partitive
 kaappuu kaažoppuu kaahuuppuu

Declined forms can take different interrogative meaning, usually depending on the context:

  • kaamu: where (static location)
  • kaamo: where (motion toward)
  • kaama: where... from (motion form)
  • kaabbuu: why (which cause)

An interrogative adjective is built through the adjectival ending -je/-jo:

  • kaajo : which

Other interrogative forms are built through specific nouns.

Within an interrogative clause, pronouns usually are usually placed in their syntactical position, according to their role, but in the later period they tend to be moved at the beginning of the sentence.

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