User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII: Difference between revisions
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===== | =====Conditional mood===== | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="width: 150px;"| <center><small>''Tense''</small></center> || <center><small>''Construction''</small></center> | | style="width: 150px;"| <center><small>''Tense''</small></center> || <center><small>''Construction''</small></center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''''' | | '''''present''''' || conditional present forms of qɛňika + present passive participle | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''''' | | '''''imperfect''''' || conditional imperfect forms of qɛňika + present passive participle | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''''' | | '''''past''''' || conditional present forms of qɛňika + past passive participle | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''''' | | '''''pluperfect''''' || conditional imperfect forms of qɛňika + present past participle | ||
|} | |} | ||
Examples (<small>for each tense only the 1<sup><small>st</small></sup> person singular form is shown</small>): | Examples (<small>for each tense only the 1<sup><small>st</small></sup> person singular form of the verb čö̃kika, ''to thank'', is shown</small>): | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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| style="width: 150px;"| <center><small>''Tense''</small></center> || <center><small>''Example''</small></center> | | style="width: 150px;"| <center><small>''Tense''</small></center> || <center><small>''Example''</small></center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''''' | | '''''present''''' || qɛňoçə čö̃kuki, ... | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''''' | | '''''imperfect''''' || qaqɛňoçə čö̃kuki, ... | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''''' | | '''''past''''' || qɛňoçə qačö̃kuki, ... | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''''' | | '''''pluperfect''''' || qaqɛňoçə qačö̃kuki, ... | ||
|} | |} | ||
===== | =====Imperative mood===== | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="width: 150px;"| <center><small>''Tense''</small></center> || <center><small>''Construction''</small></center> | | style="width: 150px;"| <center><small>''Tense''</small></center> || <center><small>''Construction''</small></center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''''' | | '''''present''''' || imperative present forms of qɛňika + present passive participle | ||
|} | |} | ||
Examples (<small>for each tense only the 1<sup><small>st</small></sup> person singular form is shown</small>): | Examples (<small>for each tense only the 1<sup><small>st</small></sup> person singular form of the verb čö̃kika, ''to thank'', is shown</small>): | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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| style="width: 150px;"| <center><small>''Tense''</small></center> || <center><small>''Example''</small></center> | | style="width: 150px;"| <center><small>''Tense''</small></center> || <center><small>''Example''</small></center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''''' | | '''''present''''' || qɛňöňə čö̃kuki, ... | ||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 133: | Line 121: | ||
| '''''imperfective past''''' || qaśiśoruki qäɳika | | '''''imperfective past''''' || qaśiśoruki qäɳika | ||
|} | |} | ||
The forms in this diathesis are regarded as essentially regular, being the only irregularities in the participial formation. | |||
Revision as of 06:11, 2 September 2025
Passive diathesis
The passive diathesis displays only compound forms, in every mood and tense. These forms are always built through the auxiliary verb qɛňika, to be with the various forms of the passive participle.
The usage of the different moods and tenses is exactly the same as the active diathesis. Notably, modal forms are conveyed by the auxiliary verb, while the aspectual and temporal forms are conveyed only by the participles.
Moreover, the passive participle always agrees with the subject of the sentence in number.
Examples:
çũžõ qɛňikažõ çiçacukỹ the fields will be cultivated
Indicative mood
| present | indicative present forms of qɛňika + present passive participle |
| imperfect | indicative imperfect forms of qɛňika + present passive participle |
| future | indicative future forms of qɛňika + present passive participle |
| past | indicative present forms of qɛňika + past passive participle |
| pluperfect | indicative imperfect forms of qɛňika + present past participle |
| anterior future | indicative future forms of qɛňika + present past participle |
Examples (for each tense only the 1st person singular form of the verb čö̃kika, to thank, is shown):
| present | qɛňə čö̃kuki, ... |
| imperfect | qaqɛňə čö̃kuki, ... |
| future | qɛňikažə čö̃kuki, ... |
| past | qɛňə qačö̃kuki, ... |
| pluperfect | qaqɛňə qačö̃kuki, ... |
| anterior future | qɛňikažə qačö̃kuki, ... |
Conditional mood
| present | conditional present forms of qɛňika + present passive participle |
| imperfect | conditional imperfect forms of qɛňika + present passive participle |
| past | conditional present forms of qɛňika + past passive participle |
| pluperfect | conditional imperfect forms of qɛňika + present past participle |
Examples (for each tense only the 1st person singular form of the verb čö̃kika, to thank, is shown):
| present | qɛňoçə čö̃kuki, ... |
| imperfect | qaqɛňoçə čö̃kuki, ... |
| past | qɛňoçə qačö̃kuki, ... |
| pluperfect | qaqɛňoçə qačö̃kuki, ... |
Imperative mood
| present | imperative present forms of qɛňika + present passive participle |
Examples (for each tense only the 1st person singular form of the verb čö̃kika, to thank, is shown):
| present | qɛňöňə čö̃kuki, ... |
Infinitive mood
| imperfective present | imperfective present passive participle + infinitive forms of qäɳika |
| imperfective past | imperfective past passive participle + infinitive forms of qäɳika |
| perfective present | perfective present passive participle + infinitive forms of qäɳika |
| perfective past | perfective past passive participle + infinitive forms of qäɳika |
Examples:
| imperfective present | śośiruki qäɳika |
| imperfective past | qaśośiruki qäɳika |
| imperfective present | śiśoruki qäɳika |
| imperfective past | qaśiśoruki qäɳika |
The forms in this diathesis are regarded as essentially regular, being the only irregularities in the participial formation.
