User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII: Difference between revisions
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======Passive participle====== | ======Passive participle====== | ||
The '''passive participle''' displays a ''present'' and a ''past'' form, both simple. It is formed by adding the passive participial ending to the verbal roots, while the past form is also formed through the augment, qa-: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="width: | | style="width: 70px;"| || style="width: 150px;"| <center><small>''conj. I''</small></center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center><small>''conj. II''</small></center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center><small>''conj. III''</small></center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center><small>''conj. IV''</small></center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center><small>''conj. V''</small></center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''<small> | | ''<small>present</small>'' || <center>čö̃kuki</center> || <center>njeh́uki</center> || <center>qüqjerüki</center> || <center>žemü̃ki</center> || <center>tumoki</center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''<small> | | ''<small>past</small>'' || <center>qačö̃kuki</center> || <center>qanjeh́uki</center> || <center>qaqüqjerüki</center> || <center>qažemü̃ki</center> || <center>qatumoki</center> | ||
|} | |||
There are, however, a certain amount of irregular verbs in each conjugation for the passive participle. Most irregularities are caused by the augment. Such irregularities are clearly shown in the dictionary. Among these verbs the conjugation of some verbs, with non-specifical irregularities, is shown: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | | style="width: 70px;"| style="width: 150px;"| <center><small>''šỹkika''</small></center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center><small>''dävörika''</small></center> || style="width: 150px;"| <center><small>''očezika''</small></center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''<small>past</small>'' <center>qa'''ž'''ỹkuki</center> || <center>qa'''ð'''ävöruki</center> || <center>q'''e'''čezuki</center> | |||
|} | |} | ||
The | The active participle is an adjectival form of a verb. It is linked to nouns which undergo an action, or inactively are in a certain state. It is often used as a verbal adjective in sentences, to build relative clauses. | ||
It is often used as | |||
As an adjectival form, it displays a complete declension | As an adjectival form, it displays a complete declension. It is also largely used within the verbal conjugation in the passive diathesis formation, being always declined. | ||
Revision as of 05:59, 2 September 2025
Passive participle
The passive participle displays a present and a past form, both simple. It is formed by adding the passive participial ending to the verbal roots, while the past form is also formed through the augment, qa-:
| present | |||||
| past |
There are, however, a certain amount of irregular verbs in each conjugation for the passive participle. Most irregularities are caused by the augment. Such irregularities are clearly shown in the dictionary. Among these verbs the conjugation of some verbs, with non-specifical irregularities, is shown:
| style="width: 150px;"| |
||
| past |
The active participle is an adjectival form of a verb. It is linked to nouns which undergo an action, or inactively are in a certain state. It is often used as a verbal adjective in sentences, to build relative clauses.
As an adjectival form, it displays a complete declension. It is also largely used within the verbal conjugation in the passive diathesis formation, being always declined.
