Senjecas idioms - D 1-12

Pronunciation table

peműko (labial)								riisűko (dental)								muitűko (alveolar)								vainűko (palatal)							ṡ̨uuše̋nos (vowels with प)								nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos (weak vowels)
p	b	f	v	m̃	m			t	d	þ	ð	ɫ	l			ṡ	ż	s	z	r	n			k	g	x	ƣ	h	ȝ			š	s̨			i	e	a	ɔ	o	u			ı	ɛ	y
प	ब	फ	भ	म़	म			त	द	थ	ध	ल़	ल			च	ज	स	स़	र	न			क	ग	क़	ग़	ह	य			स्व	स्य			इ ई पि पी	ए एै पे पै	अ आ प पा	ऒ ॵ पॊ पॏ	ओ औ पो पौ	उ ऊ पु पू			पं	पऺ	पॅ
/p/	/b/	/ɸ/	/β/	/m̥/	/m/			/t/	/d/	/θ/	/ð/	/l̥/	/l/			/ʦ/	/ʣ/	/s/	/z/	/ɾ̥/	/n/			/k/	/g/	/ç/	/ʝ/	/j̊/	/j/			/sʷ/	/sʲ/			/i/	/e/	/ä/	/ɒ/	/o/	/u/			/ɪ/	/ɛ/	/ʊ/

Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural	ABL = ablative suffix	COL = collective	F = feminine	INT = intensive prefix	PRV = privative prefix	SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural	ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)	DES = desiderative	FRQ = frequentative	LAT = lative suffix	PST = past	TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person	ADV = adverb	DIM = diminutive	FUT = future	LOC = locative suffix	Q = interrogative particle	VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)	AG = agent	ELIS = elision	IMP = imperative	M = masculine	QUOT = direct quotation	YNG = young
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)	AP = agent (active) participle	ELT = elative	INC = inchoative	OCC = occupation suffix	REV = reversive
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)	AUG = augmentative	EP = epenthesis	IND = indicative	PP = patient (past) participle	RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)	CAUS = causative	EQU = equative degree	INS = instrument	PRF = perfect	SBJ = subjunctive

• 1. to die away - ma̋za [i.v. fade (away)]
• The noise of the galloping horses died away as they fled
• mor̈e̋sante more̋m þı̋mo e-ma̋za. méti éȝes e-ɫ̨őka:

mor.re̋e̋s.a-nte-Ø	mor-e̋m	þı̋m-o	e=ma̋z-a	méti	éȝ-es	e=ɫ̨ők-a
horse.run.IND-AP-ABS	horse-G.p	noise-N.s	PST=die_away-IND	as	3-N.p	PST=flee-IND

• 2. to die down - lőȝa [i.v. reduce, subtract, subside, go down (prices), lose weight, decline, fall off, recede, let up; drop (temperature)]
• Let the fire die down before you go to bed.
• a̋a̋þem lőȝu he̋ne. fésa tu þe̋ga:

a̋a̋þ-em	lőȝ-u	he̋n-e	fésa	t-u	þe̋g-a
fire-A.s	die_down-SUP	let-IMP	before	2s-N	go_to_bed-IND

• 3. to die out - ma̋a̋ȝa [i.v. disappear, vanish]
• The old traditions are dying out as the people die.
• że̋e̋ro xeigűos ma̋a̋ȝa. méti hőmus ne̋ṡa:

że̋e̋ro-Ø	xeigű-os	ma̋a̋ȝ-a	méti	hőm-us	ne̋ṡ-a
old-ABS	tradition-N.p	die_out-IND	as	person-N.p	die-IND

• 4. to do one's best - vıva̋dom kı̋a
• This is a difficult task, but I will do my best.
• so ke̋no da̋a̋ro e̋sa. ésti mu vıva̋dom u-kı̋a:

s-o	ke̋no-Ø	da̋a̋r-o	e̋s-a	ésti	m-u	vı~va̋d-om	u=kı̋-a
this-N.s	difficult-ABS	task-N.s	be-IND	but	1s-N	ELT~good-A.s	FUT=do-IND

• 5. to do over - m̃erkı̋a
• My sister did it wrong, so I have to do it over.
• mu-še̋su múnvi éȝom e-kı̋a. sáru mu éȝom m̃erkı̋u ke̋la:

mu=še̋s-u	mún=vi	éȝ-om	e=kı̋-a	sáru	m-u	éȝ-om	m̃er.kı̋-u	ke̋l-a
my=sister-N.s	wrong=ADV	3-A.s	PST=do-IND	so	1s-N	3-A.s	re-.do-SUP	have_to-IND

• 6. to do without - sána nı̋ða [t.v. handle, manage, treat]
• In the winter we must do without fresh fruit.
• he̋mam m̃us lőővo maalőm sána nı̋ðu ke̋la:

he̋m-am	m̃-us	lőővo-Ø	maal-őm	sána	nı̋ð-u	ke̋l-a
winter-A.s	1p-N	fresh-ABS	fruit-G.p	without	do-SUP	must-IND

• 7. to draw up - ȝa̋ra [t.v. write (down), record, take down, drop (a note), enter]
• The lawyer will draw up a lease for us.
• þorta̋ðlu m̃ús éra ż̨axı̋ı̋ȝom u-ȝa̋ra:

þor.ta̋ð-l-u	m̃-ús	éra	ż̨ax.ı̋ı̋ȝ-om	u=ȝa̋r-a
law.interpret-AG-N.s	1p-G	for	rent.contract-A.s	FUT=draw_up-IND

• 8. to drop in on - alporna̋kaþvi nı̋ma
• My mother-in-law dropped in on us yesterday.
• mu-a̋npu hesáhvi alporna̋kaþvi m̃un e-nı̋ma:

mu=a̋np-u	hes.áh=vi	al=por.na̋k-a-þ=vi	m̃-un	e=nı̋m-a
my=mother_in_law-N.s	yester.day=ADV	PRV=forward.see-IND-PP=ADV	1-A.p	PST=visit-IND

• 9. to drop out - b̨űra [t.v. abandon, forsake, leave]
• Because of my injury I had to drop out of the race.
• mu-maiþa̋s ha. mu bonős éha b̨űru e-ke̋la:

mu=maiþ-a̋s	ha	m-u	bon-ős	éha	b̨űr-u	e=ke̋l-a
my=injury-G.s	because_of	1s-N	race-G.s	out_of	drop_out-SUP	PST=have_to-IND

• 10. to drop someone a line - t̨áárvi ȝa̋ra
• Drop me a line during your summer vacation.
• tu-kes̈évkeesa̋s ṡ̨úfa t̨áárvi mús o ȝa̋re:

tu=kes.sév.kees-a̋s	ṡ̨úfa	t̨áár=vi	m-ús	o	ȝa̋r-e
your=summer.amuse.time-G.s	during	brief=ADV	1s-G	to	write-IMP

• 11. to dry (out) - sa̋usa
• Hang your wet clothes on those hooks so that they will dry out.
• a-ankőm láába ma̋a̋no tu-őutom ȝőőle. m̨úmi éȝo u-sa̋usa:

a=ank-őm	láába	ma̋a̋no-Ø	tu=őut-om	ȝőől-e	m̨úmi	éȝ-o	u=sa̋us-a
those=hook-G.p	hanging_from	wet-ABS	your=clothes-A.s	hang-IMP	so_that	3-A.s	FUT=dry_out-IND

• 12a. to dry up - sausı̋d̨a [t.v. dessicate]
• The heat of the sun dried up the water in the lake.
• suultı̋ı̋þo eherős éna hűrom e-sausı̋d̨a:

suul.tı̋ı̋þ-o	eher-ős	éna	hűr-om	e=saus-ı̋d̨-a
sun.heat-N.s	lake-G.s	in	water-A.s	PST=dry-TRZ-IND

• 12b. to dry up - sa̋usa
• The water in the lake dried up in the heat of the sun
• eherős éna hűro suultı̋ı̋þős éna e-sa̋usa:

eher-ős	éna	hűr-o	suul.tı̋ı̋þ-ős	éna	e=sa̋us-a
lake-G.s	in	water-N.s	sun.heat-G.s	in	PST=dry-IND

Senjecas idioms - E F1-13