Senjecas - break

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Pronunciation table

पेमु॓को
peműko
(labial)
रीसु॓कॊ
riisűko
(dental)
मुइतु॓को
muitűko
(alveolar)
भइनु॓को
vainűko
(palatal)
च्युस्वे॓नोस्
ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(vowels with प)
नि॓थो च्युस्वे॓नोस्
nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(weak vowels)
p
b f v m t d þ ð ɫ l ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š i e a ɔ o u ĭ ĕ ŭ
म़ ल़ स़ क़ ग़ स्व स्य इ ई
पि पी
ए एै
ए पै
अ आ
प पा
ऒ ॵ
पॊ पॏ
ओ औ
पो पौ
उ ऊ
पु पू
पं पऺ पॅ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural ABL = ablative suffix COL = collective EQU = equative degree INS = instrument PRF = perfect SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective) CONV = conversive F = feminine INT = intensive prefix PRV = privative prefix TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person ADV = adverb DES = desiderative FRQ = frequentative LAT = lative suffix PST = past VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) AG = agent DIM = diminutive FUT = future LOC = locative suffix Q = interrogative particle
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) AP = agent (active) participle ELIS = elision IMP = imperative M = masculine QUOT = direct quotation
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural) AUG = augmentative ELT = elative INC = inchoative OCC = occupation suffix RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) CAUS = causative EP = epenthesis IND = indicative PP = patient (past) participle SBJ = subjunctive


Transitive

  • 1. le̋ma ले॓म - separate into two or more pieces.
  • She broke the cup.
  • ए॔यु गि॓नदोम् ए-ले॓म॥
  • éȝu gı̋ndom e-le̋ma:
éȝ-u gı̋nd-om e=le̋m-a
3-N.s cup-A.s PST=break-IND


  • 2. le̋ma ले॓म - crack or fracture under a physical strain.
  • The boy slipped on the ice and broke (his) leg.
  • हु॓सु ये॓गोम् एन ए-पिस़ द ल॓कोम ए-ले॓म॥
  • hűsu ȝe̋gom éna e-pı̋za da la̋kom e-le̋ma:
hűs-u ȝe̋g-om éna e=pı̋z-a da la̋k-om e=le̋m-a
boy-N.s ice-A.s on PST=slip-IND and leg-A.s PST=break-IND


  • 3. pűla पु॓ल - divide something into smaller units.
  • The merchant broke the bundle into smaller parcels.
  • क्व॓पु पंपि॓नो दै॓गोन् एन मू॓थोम् ए-पु॓ल॥
  • k̬a̋pu pĭpı̋no de̋e̋gon éna műűtom e-pűla:
k̬a̋p-u pĭ~pı̋no-Ø de̋e̋g-on éna műűt-om e=pűl-a
merchant-N.s ELT~small-ABS parcel-A.p into bundle-A.s PST=divide-IND


  • 4. dusre̋e̋da दुस्रै॓द - crush the spirit.
  • This method of torture will surely break the prisoner.
  • गुनो॓स् इ-मौ॓दो कि॔सु को॓लथुम् उ-दुस्रै॓द॥
  • gunős i-mőődo kísu kőlaþum u-dusre̋e̋da:
gun-ős i=mőőd-o kísu kőlaþ-um u=dus=re̋e̋d-a
torture-G.s this=method-N.s surely prisoner-A.s FUT=dis-=cheer-IND


  • 5. dőma दो॓म - cause to lose the will.
  • You have to break a horse before you can ride.
  • तु मो॓रेम् दो॓मु के॓ल फे॔सि–मि॓मु म॓ग़॥
  • tu mőrem dőmu ke̋la—fési mı̋mu ma̋ƣa:
t-u mőr-em dőm-u ke̋l-a fési mı̋m-u ma̋ƣ-a
2s-N horse-A.s break-SUP must-IND before ride-SUP be.able-IND


  • 6. ðe̋ża धे॓ज - interrupt; destroy the continuity of; dissolve or terminate.
  • The explosion broke the silence.
  • न॓बो सआ॓मोम् ए-धे॓ज॥
  • na̋bo sa̋a̋mom e-ðe̋ża:
na̋b-o sa̋a̋m-om e=ðe̋ż-a
explosion-N.s silence-A.s PST=break-IND


  • 7. lı̋ða लि॓ध - violate, not adhere to
  • He broke his promise to her.
  • ई-एयु॔स् ओ उर्-एयु-क्वे॓तोम् ए-लि॓ध॥
  • ii-eȝús o ur-eȝu-k̬e̋tom e-lı̋ða:
ii=eȝ-ús o ur=eȝu=k̬e̋t-om e=lı̋ð-a
F=3-G.s to M=his=promise-A.s PST=break-IND


  • 8. m̃ine̋uda म़िने॓उद - stop, or to cause to stop, functioning properly or altogether
  • Did you break the churn?
  • तु क्यौ॓र्लोम् म़िने॓उद मे॥
  • tu k̨őőrlom m̃ine̋uda me:
t-u k̨őőr-l-om m̃i=ne̋ud-a me
2s-N churn-INS-A.s CONV=utilize-IND Q


  • 9. pa̋xa पक़ - interrupt (a fall) by inserting something so that the falling object not hit something else beneath
  • He survived the jump out the window because the bushes below broke his fall.
  • एयु तु॓न्गोम् ऊ॔द इ॓तोम् एत्वि॓ल़–हि ने॓रि दू॓सिस् एयु-फौ॓लोम् ए-प॓क़॥
  • éȝu tűngom úúda ı̋tom e-t̬ı̋ɫa—hi ne̋ri dűűsis eȝu-főőlom e-pa̋xa:
éȝ-u tűng-om úúda ı̋t-om e=t̬ı̋ɫ-a hi ne̋ri-Ø dűűs-is eȝu=főől-om e=pa̋x-a
3-N.s window-A.s out.of jump-A.s PST=survive-IND because below-ABS bush-N.p his=fall-A.s PST=stop-IND


Intransitive

  • 10. őna औ॓न - be overwhelmed with sorrow or grief
  • My heart is breaking.
  • मु-सु॓धो ओ॓न॥
  • mu-sűðo őna:
mu=sűð-o őn-a
my=heart-N.s be.overwhelmed.with.grief-IND


  • 11. de̋usa दे॓उस - pass the most dangerous part of the illness
  • His fever broke at dawn.
  • एयु-धे॓ल़ो भइग़॓स् ए-दे॓उस॥
  • eȝu-ðe̋ɫo vaiƣa̋s e-de̋usa:
eȝu=ðe̋ɫ-o vaiƣ-a̋s e=de̋us-a
his=fever-N.s dawn-G.s PST=stop-IND


  • 12. vı̋ra भि॓र - collapse into surf
  • I see waves breaking on the shore.
  • मु क्यु॓दोम् एन भि॓रन्तो द॓लोऽ न॓क॥
  • mu k̨űdom éna vı̋ranto da̋lo' na̋ka:
m-u k̨űd-om éna vı̋r-a-nto-Ø da̋l-o-' na̋k-a
1s-N shore-A.s on collapse-IND-AP-ABS wave-A.p-ELIS see-IND


  • 13. þűka थु॓क - end of a storm or spell of weather
  • I hope this hot weather breaks before our trip.
  • मु–ती॓थो इ-ल॓थो म़ु-तग़ो॓स् फे॔स थु॓कु–इ॓च॥
  • mu—tı̋ı̋þo i-la̋þo m̃u-taƣős fésa þűku—ı̋ṡa:
m-u tı̋ı̋þo-Ø i=la̋þ-o m̃u=taƣ-ős fésa þűk-u ı̋ṡ-a
1s-N hot-ABS this=weather-N.s our=trip-G.s before finish-SUP hope-IND


  • 14. żűka जुक - interrupt or cease one's work or occupation temporarily
  • Let's (take a) break, then start again.
  • म़ु॔स् जु॓के। पो॔सु नआ॔नु तो॓दे॥
  • m̃ús żűke. pósu náánu tőde:
m̃-ús żűk-e pósu náánu tőd-e
1p-V pause-IMP then again begin-IMP

Senjecas - but