| Hellingijø
|
| Spoken in:
|
Thalazarat Ahïz
|
| Total speakers:
|
ca. 3 million
|
| Genealogical classification:
|
Indo-European
Germanic
South Germanic
Hellingijø
|
| Basic word order:
|
SOV (VSO can be sometimes used in questions)
|
| Morphological type:
|
Fusional
|
| Morphosyntactic alignment:
|
Nominative–accusative
|
| Native script:
|
Elder Fuþark, Cursive Fuþark, Latin Alphabet
|
| Created by:
|
| tqr |
2012
|
Hellingijø language (ho tungiz hellingijø, lit. Greek language) - language created for a conworld in 2012. It is a language based on Proto-Germanic language, with huge Ancient Greek influence.
Phonology
Sounds in hellingijø
| Writing
|
IPA
|
Example
|
| a
|
/a/
|
|
| ä
|
/a:/
|
|
| e
|
/ɛ/
|
|
| i
|
/i/
|
|
| ï
|
/i:/
|
|
| o
|
/ɔ/
|
|
| ö
|
/ɔ:/
|
|
| ø
|
/õ:/
|
|
| m
|
/m/
|
|
| n
|
/n/
|
|
| p
|
/p/
|
|
| b
|
/b/
|
|
| t
|
/t/
|
|
| d
|
/d/
|
|
| f
|
/ɸ, pʰ/
|
|
| þ
|
/θ, tʰ/
|
|
| ð
|
/ð, dʰ/
|
|
| s
|
/s/
|
|
| z
|
/z/
|
|
| z at the word's end
|
/z/ lub /ʒ/
|
|
| r
|
/r/
|
|
| j
|
/j/
|
|
| l
|
/l/
|
|
| w
|
/w/
|
|
| k
|
/k/
|
|
| g
|
/g/
|
|
| h
|
/x/
|
|
Gramammar
Pronouns
ik - I
|
|
sg.
|
dual
|
pl.
|
| Nom.
|
ik
|
wit
|
wiz
|
| Gen.
|
minaz
|
ankeraz
|
anseraz
|
| Dat.
|
miz
|
ankiz
|
ansiz
|
| Acc.
|
mik
|
ank
|
ans
|
þu - you
|
|
sg.
|
dual
|
pl.
|
| Nom.
|
þu
|
jut
|
juz
|
| Gen.
|
þinaz
|
inkweraz
|
izweraz
|
| Dat.
|
þiz
|
inkwiz
|
izwiz
|
| Acc.
|
þik
|
inkw
|
izwiz
|
hiz - he, this(m)
|
|
sg.
|
pl.
|
| Nom.
|
hiz
|
hïz
|
| Gen.
|
hez
|
hezø
|
| Dat.
|
himmai
|
himmaz
|
| Acc.
|
hinø
|
hinz
|
si - she, this (f)
|
|
sg.
|
pl.
|
| Nom.
|
si
|
ijoz
|
| Gen.
|
ezoz
|
ezø
|
| Dat.
|
ezoi
|
imaz
|
| Acc.
|
ijø
|
ijoz
|
it - it, this (n)
|
|
sg.
|
pl.
|
| Nom.
|
it
|
ijo
|
| Gen.
|
es
|
ezø
|
| Dat.
|
immai
|
immaz
|
| Acc.
|
it
|
ijo
|
sa - he, that (m)
|
|
sg.
|
pl.
|
| Nom.
|
sa
|
þai
|
| Gen.
|
þanø
|
þaiz
|
| Dat.
|
þa
|
þaiz
|
| Acc.
|
þammai
|
þaimaz
|
so - she, that (f)
|
|
sg.
|
pl.
|
| Nom.
|
so
|
þöz
|
| Gen.
|
þa
|
þaiz
|
| Dat.
|
þaizoi
|
þainoz
|
| Acc.
|
þø
|
þaiz
|
þat - it, that (n)
|
|
sg
|
pl
|
| Nom.
|
þat
|
þo
|
| Gen.
|
þa
|
þaiz
|
| Dat.
|
þammai
|
þainaz
|
| Acc.
|
þat
|
þo
|
Articles
Definite articles
masculine
|
|
sg.
|
dual
|
pl.
|
| Nom.
|
ho
|
høz
|
hoz
|
| Gen.
|
þow
|
þon
|
þo
|
| Dat.
|
þö
|
þon
|
þoz
|
| Acc.
|
þo
|
þøz
|
þuz
|
neutral
|
|
sg
|
pl
|
| Nom.
|
ho
|
hoz
|
| Gen.
|
þow
|
þo
|
| Dat.
|
þö
|
þoz
|
| Acc.
|
þo
|
þa
|
feminine
|
|
sg
|
pl
|
| Nom.
|
ha
|
haz
|
| Gen.
|
þa
|
þoz
|
| Dat.
|
þi
|
þiz
|
| Acc.
|
þe
|
þez
|
Indefinite articles
masculine & neuter
|
|
sg
|
pl
|
| Nom.
|
itiz
|
itina
|
| Gen.
|
itinø
|
itinoz
|
| Dat.
|
itini
|
itiz
|
| Acc.
|
itin
|
itinaz
|
feminine
|
|
sg
|
pl
|
| Nom.
|
iti
|
itin
|
| Gen.
|
itinø
|
itinoz
|
| Dat.
|
itini
|
itiz
|
| Acc.
|
iti
|
itin
|
Numbers
Cardinal and ordinal numbers
| Number
|
Cardinal numbers
|
Ordinal numbers
|
| 1
|
hiz
|
frunoz
|
| 2
|
twaiz
|
anþeroz
|
| 3
|
þriz
|
þridoz
|
| 4
|
þiziz
|
þeroz
|
| 5
|
finþiz
|
fimþoz
|
| 6
|
sehiz
|
sehþoz
|
| 7
|
hebuniz
|
hebundoz
|
| 8
|
ohtiz
|
ogudoz
|
| 9
|
newiz
|
dewoz
|
| 10
|
tehiz
|
tehoz
|
Nouns
Nouns have three genders - masculine, feminine and neuter. Four cases are present in the language - Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative. Nouns in the masculine gender have a double number, other have not. There're six declensions.
I declension
Masculine nouns with -iz ending.
huberundiz (m) - captain, leader
|
|
sg
|
dual
|
pl
|
| Nom.
|
huberundiz
|
huberundize
|
huberundïzo
|
| Gen.
|
huberundïz
|
huberundizin
|
huberundijø
|
| Dat.
|
huberundï
|
huberundizin
|
huberundimaz
|
| Acc.
|
huberundï
|
huberundize
|
huberundinz
|
| Voc.
|
huberindïza
|
|
|
huberundiz is the only word with a vocative case.
II declension
Neutral nouns ending with -az.
þalaz (n) - sea
|
|
sg
|
pl
|
| Nom.
|
þalaz
|
þalazo
|
| Gen.
|
þaliziz
|
þalizø
|
| Dat.
|
þalizi
|
þalizumaz
|
| Acc.
|
þalaz
|
þalizo
|
III declension
Feminine nouns ending with -i.
miri (f) - region
|
|
sg
|
pl
|
| Nom.
|
miri
|
mirï
|
| Gen.
|
mirïz
|
mirjø
|
| Dat.
|
mirï
|
mirimaz
|
| Acc.
|
miri
|
mirï
|
IV declension
Feminine nouns ending with -a.
hila (f) - sun
|
|
sg
|
pl
|
| Nom.
|
hila
|
hilä
|
| Gen.
|
hiläz
|
hilø
|
| Dat.
|
hilä
|
hilimaz
|
| Acc.
|
hili
|
hilï
|
V declension
Masculine nouns ending with -az.
bazilidomaz (m) - kingdom
|
|
sg
|
dual
|
pl
|
| Nom.
|
bazilidomaz
|
bazilidomaze
|
bazilidomäzo
|
| Gen.
|
bazilidomäz
|
bazilidomazin
|
bazilidomajø
|
| Dat.
|
bazilidomä
|
bazilidomazin
|
bazilidomamaz
|
| Acc.
|
bazilidomä
|
bazilidomaze
|
bazilidomanz
|
VI declension
Masculine nouns ending with -oz.
denoz (m) - people
|
|
sg
|
dual
|
pl
|
| Nom.
|
denoz
|
denoze
|
denözo
|
| Gen.
|
denöz
|
denozin
|
deno
|
| Dat.
|
denö
|
denozin
|
denomaz
|
| Acc.
|
denö
|
denoze
|
denonz
|
Verbs
Almost all verbs are weak, there're few irregularities
I conjugation
I conjugation is the most often. Is used for verbs with -an ending.
Conjugation of groppan - to write.
Present Tense
|
|
sg.
|
dual
|
pl.
|
| 1st p.
|
groppa
|
groppoz
|
groppam
|
| 2nd p.
|
groppiz
|
groppaz
|
groppit
|
| 3rd p.
|
groppit
|
|
groppand
|
Present Tense, subjunctive mood
|
|
sg.
|
dual
|
pl.
|
| 1st p.
|
groppaw
|
groppawa
|
groppama
|
| 2nd p.
|
groppiza
|
groppaza
|
groppiða
|
| 3rd p.
|
groppiða
|
|
groppanda
|
Present Tense, optative mood
|
|
sg.
|
dual
|
pl.
|
| 1st p.
|
groppim
|
groppimiz
|
groppimiz
|
| 2nd p.
|
groppu
|
groppitiz
|
groppitiz
|
| 3rd p.
|
groppø
|
|
groppeniz
|
Optative mood is used as a form of a future tense.
Past Tense
|
|
sg.
|
dual
|
pl.
|
| 1st p.
|
groppda
|
groppdu
|
groppdum
|
| 2nd p.
|
groppdez
|
groppdiz
|
groppdut
|
| 3rd p.
|
groppda
|
|
groppdun
|
Past Tense, subjunctive mood
|
|
sg.
|
dual
|
pl.
|
| 1st p.
|
groppdä
|
groppdiwa
|
groppdima
|
| 2nd p.
|
groppdeza
|
groppdiða
|
groppdut
|
| 3rd p.
|
groppdä
|
|
groppdina
|
Imperative mood
|
|
sg.
|
dual
|
pl.
|
| 1st p.
|
|
|
groppjam
|
| 2nd p.
|
groppi
|
groppaz
|
groppit
|
| 3rd p.
|
groppidu
|
|
groppindu
|
Participles
|
|
participle
|
| present
|
groppandiz
|
| past
|
groppiðiz
|
II conjugation
Verbs with -ø ending.
Irregular verbs
inai - to be
Present Tense
|
|
sg.
|
dual
|
pl.
|
| 1st p.
|
imi
|
izu
|
ismi
|
| 2nd p.
|
i
|
istuðiz
|
istu
|
| 3rd p.
|
isti
|
|
isi
|
Present Tense, subjunctive mood
|
|
sg.
|
dual
|
pl.
|
| 1st p.
|
sijaw
|
siwa
|
sima
|
| 2nd p.
|
sijeza
|
siþiza
|
siþa
|
| 3rd p.
|
sije
|
|
sinda
|
Present Tense, optative mood
|
|
sg.
|
dual
|
pl.
|
| 1st p.
|
im
|
isu
|
isø
|
| 2nd p.
|
imu
|
isuðiz
|
itiz
|
| 3rd p.
|
imin
|
|
isan
|
Past Tense
|
|
sg.
|
dual
|
pl.
|
| 1st p.
|
waz
|
wezu
|
wezum
|
| 2nd p.
|
wazda
|
weziz
|
wezut
|
| 3rd p.
|
wez
|
|
wezun
|
Past Tense, subjunctive mood
|
|
sg.
|
dual
|
pl.
|
| 1st p.
|
wezä
|
weziwa
|
wezima
|
| 2nd p.
|
wezeza
|
weziza
|
wesiða
|
| 3rd p.
|
wezä
|
|
wezinda
|
Imperative mood
|
|
sg.
|
dual
|
pl.
|
| 1st p.
|
|
|
|
| 2nd p.
|
wezi
|
wezaz
|
wezit
|
| 3rd p.
|
wezidu
|
|
wezindu
|
Participles
|
|
participle
|
| present
|
wezandiz
|
| past
|
|
beunan - to be, exist
Present Tense
|
|
sg.
|
dual
|
pl.
|
| 1st p.
|
biuma
|
beu
|
beam
|
| 2nd p.
|
biuziz
|
beuþiz
|
beut
|
| 3rd p.
|
biut
|
|
biund
|
Adjectives
Adjectives have an -az ending. They have cases, numbers (singular and plural) and gender.
igiraz - fast.
masculine
|
|
sg.
|
pl.
|
| Nom.
|
igirazo
|
igirazaniz
|
| Gen.
|
igirazanu
|
igirazanø
|
| Dat.
|
igirazini
|
igirazammaz
|
| Acc.
|
igirazanu
|
igirazanunz
|
neutral
|
|
sg.
|
pl.
|
| Nom.
|
igirazo
|
igirazono
|
| Gen.
|
igirazanu
|
igirazanø
|
| Dat.
|
igirazini
|
igirazammaz
|
| Acc.
|
igirazo
|
igirazono
|
feminine
|
|
sg.
|
pl.
|
| Nom.
|
igirazo
|
igirazno
|
| Gen.
|
igiraziniz
|
igiraznø
|
| Dat.
|
igirazini
|
igirazammaz
|
| Acc.
|
igirazo
|
igirazno
|
Adverbs
Adverbs are made from adjectives, when the -z ending is deleted. Fast (adv) igira, from igiraz - fast (adj). They have no declension.
Examples
Lord's Prayer
anseraz faþiriz, hwaz in itim oranï biuziz,
haggiðiz þinaz onamaz sijeza.
þinaz bazilidomaz kwemiða,
þinaz bulizi ana þe gerþi
hwo ana þo oranï þuriða.
anseraz hemerilikazini itini arþizi tohemeri gebeniza
andi anseraz hamaritï sigihoriza,
hwo wiz itini sundarï anagagin anziz sighoram.
andi to itinø hagadomiziz de-agiza
haldiz þinaz fram itinø ubiliziz siziza.
amen.
Schleicher's fable
Iti skepi andi itina hifïzo
ana itin hulmaz iti skepi, hwat itinø wulliz de-ehda, itiz hifï sehwda. hiz hezø itin barazo wagaz dragda, anþeroz itim mikilazo burþinnjaz forjda, andi þridoz itin unþrofï igira forjda. ha skipi to þo hifïzo sagjda: "minaz hardi miz hofiða, hwanne ik itin unþrofï ridandiz ana hifï sehwa." hoz hifïzo sagjdum: "ahi, skepi, anseraz hardï ansiz hofanda, hwanne wiz it sehwama: itiz unþrofiz, ho huriz, þermazaniz hufini furi hummai fram skepïz wulli nutoniða. andi skipi wullïz de-ehiða." it ahandiz, ha skipi ana ebnalandï fleuhda.
1st Article of Declaration of Human Rights
allaz itima unþrofizo ismi iluþirazaniz andi ebnazaniz in hezø werþanasizi andi nomazo genniðiz. hïz isi itin mundï andi itim sundaz giftiðiz andi urhazan furi itinoz allandijø in itim fundiwizi itinø þifinasiziz hraman.
