Senjecas idioms - K

Pronunciation table

peműko (labial)								riisűko (dental)								muitűko (alveolar)								vainűko (palatal)							ṡ̨uuše̋nos (vowels with प)								nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos (weak vowels)
p	b	f	v	m̃	m			t	d	þ	ð	ɫ	l			ṡ	ż	s	z	r	n			k	g	x	ƣ	h	ȝ			š	s̨			i	e	a	ɔ	o	u			ı	ɛ	y
प	ब	फ	भ	म़	म			त	द	थ	ध	ल़	ल			च	ज	स	स़	र	न			क	ग	क़	ग़	ह	य			स्व	स्य			इ ई पि पी	ए एै पे पै	अ आ प पा	ऒ ॵ पॊ पॏ	ओ औ पो पौ	उ ऊ पु पू			पं	पऺ	पॅ
/p/	/b/	/ɸ/	/β/	/m̥/	/m/			/t/	/d/	/θ/	/ð/	/l̥/	/l/			/ʦ/	/ʣ/	/s/	/z/	/ɾ̥/	/n/			/k/	/g/	/ç/	/ʝ/	/j̊/	/j/			/sʷ/	/sʲ/			/i/	/e/	/ä/	/ɒ/	/o/	/u/			/ɪ/	/ɛ/	/ʊ/

Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural	ABL = ablative suffix	COL = collective	F = feminine	INT = intensive prefix	PRV = privative prefix	SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural	ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)	DES = desiderative	FRQ = frequentative	LAT = lative suffix	PST = past	TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person	ADV = adverb	DIM = diminutive	FUT = future	LOC = locative suffix	Q = interrogative particle	VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)	AG = agent	ELIS = elision	IMP = imperative	M = masculine	QUOT = direct quotation	YNG = young
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)	AP = agent (active) participle	ELT = elative	INC = inchoative	OCC = occupation suffix	REV = reversive
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)	AUG = augmentative	EP = epenthesis	IND = indicative	PP = patient (past) participle	RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)	CAUS = causative	EQU = equative degree	INS = instrument	PRF = perfect	SBJ = subjunctive

• 1. to keep accounts - ȝa̋rom ȝa̋ra
• My mother keeps an account of all my school activities.
• mu-ma̋a̋ma őra mu-tunvazta̋m ȝa̋rom ȝa̋ra:

mu=ma̋a̋m-a	őra-Ø	mu=tun.vazt-a̋m	ȝa̋r-om	ȝa̋r-a
my=mother-N.s	all-ABS	my=learn.activity-G.p	account-A.s	write-IND

• ȝa̋rom ȝa̋ra, an example of kindred signification.

• 2. to keep an eye on - pőta [t.v. watch, keep, mind, shepherd]
• Please keep an eye on that dog; he looks ferocious.
• a-na̋a̋ȝem pote̋ȝa: éȝe le̋ute ka̋ȝa:

a=na̋a̋ȝ-em	pot-e̋ȝa	éȝ-e	le̋ut-e	ka̋ȝ-a
that=dog-N.s	keep_an_eye_on-SBJ	3-N.s	ferocious=N.s	look-IND

• 3. to keep books - piinȝa̋ron ȝa̋ra
• My sister keeps the books in an office downtown.
• mu-še̋su ríímeþt̨úðterős éna piinȝa̋ron ȝa̋ra:

mu=še̋s-u	ríí.meþ.t̨úð.ter.ős	éna	piin.ȝa̋r-on	ȝa̋r-a
my=sister-N.s	city.center.business.room-G.s	in	money.record-A.p	write-IND

• 4. to keep company - sűnlun sűna [t.v. accompany, escort, chaperon, consort with]
• If you want to be successful, you must keep good company
• ébi tu he̋e̋nu vűűu m̃e̋ṡa. toári va̋du sűnlun sűnu ke̋la:

ébi	t-u	he̋e̋n-u	vűű-u	m̃e̋ṡ-a	toári	va̋du-Ø	sűn-l-un	sűn-u	ke̋l-a
if	2.s-N	successful-N.s	be-SUP	want-IND	then	good-ABS	accompany-AG-A.p	accompany-SBJ	must-IND

• sűnlun sűna, an example of kindred signification.

• 5. to keep good time - ṡámvi őrdam sűűta
• The clockmaker dropped the clock, so doesn't keep good time anymore.
• tenva̋a̋nlu tenme̋lom e-feþı̋d̨a. m̨úmi éȝo ṡámvi őrdam sűűta nímþis:

ten.va̋a̋n-l-u	ten.me̋-l-om	e=feþ-ı̋d̨-a	m̨úmi	éȝ-o	ṡám=vi	őrd-am	sűűt-a	n.ím-þis
time.make-AG-N.s	time.measure-INS-A.s	PST=drop-TRZ-IND	so_that	3-N.s	accurate=ADV	hour-A.s	show-IND	not.now-ABL

• 6. to keep house - m̃e̋e̋som te̋sa [t.v. take care of, look after, care for]
• My aunt used to keep house for the pastor.
• mu-sa̋ṡu leuðtaðlűs m̃e̋e̋som e-te̋sa:

mu=sa̋ṡ-u	leuð.tað-l-űs	m̃e̋e̋s-om	e=te̋s-a
my=paternal_aunt-N.s	people.herd-AG-G.s	house-A.s	PST=care_for-IND

• leuðta̋ðlu, a contemporary word based on om̃ta̋ðlu, shepherd.

• 7. to keep house - nőmom me̋ȝa [t.v. establish, set up]
• After they are married, my brother and sister-in-law will keep house in Trinidad.
• pósi éȝus m̃e̋da. mu-ża̋muk̬e ȝe̋nuk̬e kaira̋s éna nőmom u-me̋ȝa:

pósi	éȝ-us	m̃e̋d-a	mu=ża̋m-u=k̬e	ȝe̋n-u=k̬e	kair-a̋s	éna	nőm-om	u=me̋ȝ-a
after	3-N.p	be_married-IND	my=brother-N.s=and	brother's_wife-N.s=and	Trinidad-G.s	in	home-A.s	FUT=set_up-IND

• 8. to keep in mind - żűűma [1. t.v. remember, recall, remind of, think, be mindful-, -of, bear in-, call to-, -mind, commemorate. 2. i.v. recollect]
• Mother, keep in mind that I'm not a child anymore.
• maama̋. ȝa mu ímþis ṡı̋ṡu vűűa ne żűűme:

maam-a̋	ȝa	m-u	ím=þis	ṡı̋ṡ-u	vűű-a	ne	żűűm-e
mother-V.s	that	1s-N	now=ABL	child-N.s	be-IND	not	keep_in_mind-IMP

• 9. to keep in touch with - vaae̋la [1. t.v. discuss, speak of, talk over, go through. 2. i.v. converse, discuss; communicate, commune, dialogue, consult]
• I'm sorry that you are leaving, but keep in touch.
• mu be̋ṡa. ȝa tu vı̋dant' u-vűűa. ésti vaae̋la:

m-u	be̋ṡ-a	ȝa	t-u	vı̋d-a-nt='	u=vűű-a	ésti	vaa-e̋l-a
1s-N	be_sorry-IND	that	2s-N	leave-IND-AP=ELIS	FUT=be-IND	but	communicate-FRQ-IND

• 10. to keep one's head - k̬ı̋ı̋lus se̋e̋ra [1. t.v. continue, keep, hold over. 2. i.v. continue, go on, remain]
• Despite the disaster, the survivors managed to keep their head,
• ƣobeðta̋s n̨áxa. t̬ı̋ɫlus k̬ı̋ı̋lusɛ se̋e̋ru e-m̨űma:

ƣo=beðt-a̋s	n̨áxa	t̬ı̋ɫ-l-us	k̬ı̋ı̋l-us	se̋e̋r-u	e=m̨űm-a
INT=misfortune-G.s	despite	survive-AG-N.p	calm-N.p	continue-SUP	PST=manage-IND

• 11. to keep on - Frequentative aspect
• The king's minister keeps on making the same mistakes.
• vendűs kűűlu sőmo műnon aande̋la:

vend-űs	kűűl-u	sőmo-Ø	műn-on	aand-e̋l-a
king-G.s	minister-N.s	same-ABS	mistake-A.p	commit-FRQ-IND

• kűűlu sixth rank of Ethrans, used contemporaneously for 'minister'.

• 12. to keep out of - ɫı̋ı̋ta [t.v. avoid, stay away from]
• It is wise to keep out of danger.
• na̋a̋utom ɫı̋ı̋tu sa̋a̋ṡa e̋sa:

na̋a̋ut-om	ɫı̋ı̋t-u	sa̋a̋ṡ-a	e̋s-a
danger-A.s	keep_out_of-SUP	wise-N.s	be-IND

• 13. to keep track - se̋xa [t.v. be aware of, watch out for, realize]
• I have kept track of all the events.
• mu őra e̋vran sıse̋xa:

m-u	őra-Ø	e̋vr-an	sı~se̋x-a
1s-N	all-ABS	even-A.p	PRF~keep_track_of-IND

• 14. to keep up - sa̋va [t.v. sustain, maintain, uphold [ideals, etc.]
• You have to keep up the same speed if you want to win the race.
• ébi tu bőnom dı̋nu m̃e̋ṡa. toári sőma őőstam sa̋vu ke̋la:

ébi	t-u	bőn-om	dı̋n-u	m̃e̋ṡ-a	toári	sőma-Ø	őőst-am	sa̋v-u	ke̋l-a
if	2s-N	race-A.s	win-SUP	want-IND	then	same-ABS	speed-A.s	keep_up-SUP	have_to-IND

• 15. to keep up with - pa̋ri se̋e̋ra [1. t.v. continue, keep, hold over. 2. i.v. continue, go on, remain]
• The boy was able to keep up with his competitors in the race.
• hűsu bonős éna gaɫlűm súna pa̋ru se̋e̋ru m̃a̋ƣa:

hűs-u	bon-ős	éna	gaɫ-l-űm	súna	pa̋r-u	se̋e̋r-u	m̃a̋ƣ-a
boy-N.s	race-G.s	in	compete-AG-G.p	with	equal-N.s	keep-SBJ	be_able-IND

• 16. to knock out - alsex̨e̋ta
• The falling tree fell on him and knocked him out.
• főőlanti ha̋isi éȝum éva e-főőla. da éȝum al-e-sex̨e̋ta:

főől-a-nti-Ø	ha̋is-i	éȝ-um	éva	e=főől-a	da	éȝ-um	al=e=sex̨-e̋t-a
fall-IND-AP-ABS	tree-N.s	3-A.s	on	PST=fall-IND	and	3-A.s	PRV=PST=conscious-CAUS-IND

• 17. to know by sight
• We are not friends, but I know him by sight.
• m̃us vı̋lus vűűa ne. de mu naxra̋s o éȝum ṡa̋na:

m̃-us	vı̋l-us	vűű-a	ne	de	m-u	naxr-a̋s	o	éȝ-um	ṡa̋n-a
1p-N	friend-N.p	be-IND	not	but	1s-N	sight-G.s	by	3-A.s	know-IND

Senjecas idioms - L 1-10