Senjecas idioms - H 11-21; I

Pronunciation table

peműko (labial)								riisűko (dental)								muitűko (alveolar)								vainűko (palatal)							ṡ̨uuše̋nos (vowels with प)								nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos (weak vowels)
p	b	f	v	m̃	m			t	d	þ	ð	ɫ	l			ṡ	ż	s	z	r	n			k	g	x	ƣ	h	ȝ			š	s̨			i	e	a	ɔ	o	u			ı	ɛ	y
प	ब	फ	भ	म़	म			त	द	थ	ध	ल़	ल			च	ज	स	स़	र	न			क	ग	क़	ग़	ह	य			स्व	स्य			इ ई पि पी	ए एै पे पै	अ आ प पा	ऒ ॵ पॊ पॏ	ओ औ पो पौ	उ ऊ पु पू			पं	पऺ	पॅ
/p/	/b/	/ɸ/	/β/	/m̥/	/m/			/t/	/d/	/θ/	/ð/	/l̥/	/l/			/ʦ/	/ʣ/	/s/	/z/	/ɾ̥/	/n/			/k/	/g/	/ç/	/ʝ/	/j̊/	/j/			/sʷ/	/sʲ/			/i/	/e/	/ä/	/ɒ/	/o/	/u/			/ɪ/	/ɛ/	/ʊ/

Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural	ABL = ablative suffix	COL = collective	F = feminine	INT = intensive prefix	PRV = privative prefix	SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural	ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)	DES = desiderative	FRQ = frequentative	LAT = lative suffix	PST = past	TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person	ADV = adverb	DIM = diminutive	FUT = future	LOC = locative suffix	Q = interrogative particle	VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)	AG = agent	ELIS = elision	IMP = imperative	M = masculine	QUOT = direct quotation	YNG = young
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)	AP = agent (active) participle	ELT = elative	INC = inchoative	OCC = occupation suffix	REV = reversive
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)	AUG = augmentative	EP = epenthesis	IND = indicative	PP = patient (past) participle	RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)	CAUS = causative	EQU = equative degree	INS = instrument	PRF = perfect	SBJ = subjunctive

• 11. to have time off
• I will have time off after I retire to do the things I like.
• mu—táon ka̋a—m̃e̋kon kı̋u še̋e̋va ke̋e̋sam u-űða. pósi u-ȝűűṡa:

m-u	tá-on	ka̋-a	m̃e̋k-on	kı̋-u	še̋e̋va-Ø	ke̋e̋s-am	u=űð-a	pósi	u=ȝűűṡ-a
1s-N	which-A.p	like-IND	thing-A.p	do-SUP	free-ABS	time-A.s	FUT=have-IND	after	FUT=retire-IND

• 12. to have to do with
• He will no longer have anything to do with his friend.
• éȝu k̬enós túȝa vı̋lum u-ȝe̋ta nem̃itéru:

éȝ-u	k̬en-ós	túȝa	vı̋l-um	u=ȝe̋t-a	né.m̃itéru
3s-N	anything-G.s	about	friend-A.s	FUT=approach-IND	not.further

• 13. to hear from
• I haven't heard from my brother in Germany for a long time.
• mu german̨a̋s éna eṡűs kía dómvi ȝe̋żaþu iı̋la ne:

m-u	german̨-a̋s	éna	eṡ-űs	kía	dóm=vi	ȝe̋ż-a-þ-u	i~ı̋l-a	ne
1s-N	Germany-G.s	in	younger_brother-G.s	by	long=ADV	notify-IND-PP-N.s	PRF~become-IND	not

• 14. to hear of - tűna, 1. t.v. learn (of), hear about. 2. i.v. learn.
• The woman had not yet heard of the death of her husband.
• ǧe̋nu mertűs ne̋sram e-tytűna nódu:

ǧe̋n-u	mert-űs	ne̋sr-am	e=ty~tűn-a	n.ódu
woman-N.s	husband-G.s	death-A.s	PST=PRF~hear_of-IND	not.yet

• 15. to hold good
• My promise will hold good until the end of next month.
• mu-k̬e̋to da̋ganta eida̋s mugő' sííra f̨űdo u-vűűa:

mu=k̬e̋t-o	da̋g-a-nta-Ø	eid-a̋s	mug-ő='	sííra	f̨űd-o	u=vűű-a
my=promise-N.s	follow-IND-AP-ABS	month-G.s	end-G.s=ELIS	until	valid-N.s	FUT=be-IND

• 16. to hold on - se̋e̋pa 1. t.v. hold (fast) to, take hold of, grip, manipulate, grasp. 2. i.v. hold.
• Hold on to the handrail or you will fall.
• ergɛṡı̋xom se̋e̋pe m̃o u-főőla:

erg-ɛ.ṡı̋x-om	se̋e̋p-e	m̃o	u=főől-a
step-EPEN.rail-A.s	hold_on-IMP	or	FUT=fall-IND

• 17. to hold on - me̋na, 1. t.v. await, wait for. 2. i.v. wait.
• Hold on a moment and I will find shoes you're looking for
• sa̋mpamɛ me̋ne. da mu—táon tu ne̋e̋þa—þa̋a̋bon u-de̋e̋a:

sa̋mp-am=ɛ	me̋n-e	da	m-u	tá-on	t-u	ne̋e̋þ-a	þa̋a̋b-on	u=de̋e̋-a
moment-A.s=EPEN	hold_on-IMP	and	1s-N	which-A.p	2s-N	look_for-IND	shoe-A.p	FUT=find-IND

• 18. to hold out - rőda, t.v. resist, withstand
• The king's troops are still holding out at the castle.
• vendű' sa̋þm̃u ðuunős éna ódu rődantu vűűa:

vend-ű='	sa̋þm̃-u	ðuun-ős	éna	ódu	rőd-a-nt-u	vűű-a
king-G.s=ELIS	trops-N.s	castle-G.s	at	still	hold_out-IND-AP-N.s	be-IND

• 19. to hold over - se̋e̋ra, 1. t.v. continue, keep, hold over. 2. i.v. continue, go on, remain
• The play is so good that they are holding it over for another week.
• le̋iðra kéþu la̋ra vűűa. m̨úmi tévu a̋na sefa̋ham éȝam se̋e̋ranta vűűa:

le̋iðr-a	kéþu	la̋r-a	vűű-a	m̨úmi	tév-u	a̋na-Ø	sef.a̋h-am	éȝ-am	se̋e̋r-a-nt-a	vűű-a
play-N.s	so	good-N.s	be-IND	so_that	they-N.s	other-ABS	seven.day-A.s	3-A.s	hold_overIND-AP-N.s	be-IND

• 20. to hold still - k̬ı̋ı̋la, 1. t.v. calm (down), still, sedate. 2. i.v. calm down
• Hold still so that I can comb your hair.
• k̬ı̋ı̋le. m̨úmi mu tu-pı̋lom kı̋ı̋pu ma̋ƣa:

k̬ı̋ı̋l-e	m̨úmi	m-u	tu=pı̋l-om	kı̋ı̋p-u	ma̋ƣ-a
calm_down-IMP	so_that	1s-N	your=hair-A.s	comb-SUP	be_able-IND

• 21. to hold up - ka̋da, 1. t.v. rob; abduct, bereave (of, éha). 2. i.v. rob
• The men who held up the bank were sent to jail.
• táus nesde̋mom e-ka̋da—m̃ı̋ı̋rus kolde̋mom do mı̋þaþus e-ı̋la:

tá-us	nes.de̋m-om	e=ka̋d-a	m̃ı̋ı̋r-us	kol.de̋m-om	do	mı̋þ-a-þ-us	e=ı̋l-a
who-N.p	save.building-A.s	PST=rob-IND	man-N.p	imprison.building-A.s.	to	send-IND-PP-N.p	PST=become-IND

• 21. in a hurry - pa̋sa, 1. t.v. hasten, hurry, speed, rush. 2. i.v. make haste, hasten, hurry, hurl, hurtle, speed, rush
• I can't talk to you now because I'm in a hurry.
• mu tús o ímu sa̋m̃u fe̋e̋a. hi pa̋sa:

m-u	t-ús	o	ímu	sa̋m̃-u	fe̋e̋-a	hi	pa̋s-a
1s-N	2s-G	to	now	talk-SUP	be_unable-IND	because	be_in_a_hurry-IND

• 21. in order to - tááda
• In order to stop the leak, he had to climb on to the roof.
• m̃őurom de̋usu tááda. éȝu kőrom éva re̋nu e-ke̋la:

m̃őur-om	de̋us-u	tááda	éȝ-u	kőr-om	éva	re̋n-u	e=ke̋l-a
leak-A.s	stop-SUP	in_order_to	3-N.s	rook-A.s	on	climb-SUP	PST=have_to-IND

Senjecas idioms - K