Kyoraemal Grammar and Syntax

Kyoraemal Grammar and Syntax

Kyoraemal Grammar is defined by its foundational principle: the complete elimination of Confucian-era **honorifics** and reliance on **pure native Koreanic** roots. It features an egalitarian sentence structure that values sincerity and shared intent over social hierarchy.

I. Foundational Structure

• Word Order: Kyoraemal uses the standard **SOV** (Subject-Object-Verb) structure (e.g., *Subject* + *Object* + *Verb* + *Particle*).
• Egalitarianism: All speakers, regardless of age or status, use the same verb endings and particles. The language avoids all forms of *jondaetmal* (honorific/deferential speech) in favor of tonal particles.

A. Poetic and Aesthetic Principles

Kyoraemal incorporates aesthetic constraints that govern formal and poetic speech, particularly within its official poetic style, **Heureumsi** (흐름시 - Flowing Verse).

Aesthetic Term	Vowels Used	Connotation
밝은소리 (Balgeun-sori)	ㅏ, ㅗ (Bright Vowels)	Light, Loud, Active, Quick, Fire
짙은소리 (Jiteun-sori)	ㅓ, ㅜ, ㅡ (Deep Vowels)	Dark, Soft, Passive, Slow, Earth

II. Non-Hierarchical Final Particles

These particles convey the **tone or intent** of the statement, rather than the social status of the listener.

Particle	Function / Meaning	Example
-소 ( -so)	**Sincerity and Conviction.** Used to express certainty or belief.	옳다소 (It is correct, I assure you.)
-오 ( -o)	**Softening / Contextual Deference.** Used to make a statement or question gentler or more polite.	평안이오 (Peace/Hello, softening.)
-세 ( -se)	**Shared Action / Cooperation.** Used when proposing an action to be done together.	가세 (Let's go together.)
-님 ( -nim)	**Reverence Marker.** Used as a suffix to certain nouns (like 하늘님) to show deep, non-hierarchical respect to a spiritual entity or revered concept.	하늘님 (The Supreme Deity/Heaven.)
-(으)ㅁ이 ( -(eu)m-i)	**Adverbial Particle.** Used to turn a verb or adjective root into an adverb.	힘씀에 고맙소 (Lit: Thankful for the effort/act of exerting strength.)

III. Negation and Existential Verbs

Kyoraemal relies on native roots for all negation.

Type	Kyoraemal Form	Usage Example
Inability (Short)	못 (mot) + Verb	못 하오 (I cannot do it.)
General Negation (Long)	Verb stem + **아니하다** (ani-hada)	흐르지 아니하오 (It does not flow.)
Absence	**없다** (eopda)	끝이 없이 (Without end / To not have existence.)

IV. Core Verbal Roots

The language relies on fundamental native verbs for its core actions.

Kyoraemal Root	Pronunciation	English Meaning	Notes
살다	salda	To live
솟다	sotda	To rise / To soar
흐르다	heureuda	To flow		하다	hada	To do / To be (auxiliary)	Used as a base for many actions.
돌보다	dolboda	To care for / To look after