Ỹhɛ morphology
- Main article: Ỹhɛ
This page gives an extensive description of Ỹhɛ morphological features.
Numerals
The numeral system relies on a decimal base.
The first ten cardinal numbers are forms on their own:
| bö̃ | |
| lar | |
| ču | |
| ɟä | |
| ɕu | |
| dü̃ | |
| ɟi | |
| žy | |
| hɔp | |
| ɕüw |
Numerals from 11 to 19 are built with the construction ɕüw + nɔ + NUM:
| ɕüwnɔbö̃ | |
| ɕüwnɔlar | |
| ɕüwnɔču | |
| ɕüwnɔɟä | |
| ɕüwnɔɕu | |
| ɕüwnɔdü̃ | |
| ɕüwnɔɟi | |
| ɕüwnɔžy | |
| ɕüwnɔhɔp |
The numerals for (one) hundred and (one) thousand are forms on their own:
| čĩ | |
| nɔčĩ |
The numerals for the multiples of tens, hundreds and thousands are built with the construction NUM + -arɕüw / -arčĩ / -arnɔčĩ. As these suffixes has often merged with the cardinal form, most forms are irregularly built:
| lararɕüw | lararčĩ | lararnɔčĩ | |
| čɔrɕüw | čɔrčĩ | čɔrnɔčĩ | |
| ɟärɕüw | ɟärčĩ | ɟärnɔčĩ | |
| ɕɔrɕüw | ɕɔrčĩ | ɕɔrnɔčĩ | |
| dɑ̃rɕüw | dɑ̃rčĩ | dɑ̃rnɔčĩ | |
| ɟɛrɕüw | ɟɛrčĩ | ɟɛrnɔčĩ | |
| žörɕüw | žörčĩ | žörnɔčĩ | |
| hɔbarɕüw | hɔbarčĩ | hɔbarnɔčĩ |
Numerals for “million” and “billion” are loanwords from Iðâɣ language:
| šurentu (from I. šúrěntu ) | |
| mešurentu (from I. mêšúrěntu ) |
These forms are treated as noun-like forms and can be used with other numerals:
| ču šurentu | |
| dü̃ mešurentu |
They are however treated as normal numerals when used with nouns. Nouns adjoining such numerals are not introduced by any preposition:
lar šurentu hɛ two millions people
Composite numbers are built by just putting them beside, without any conjunction, in descending order:
- 2985: lararnɔčĩ hɔbarčĩ žɛrɕüw ɕu
As for other parts of the language, all cardinal numerals are meant as invariable forms.
Ordinal numerals are formed by adding the suffix -da to the cardinal numeral form, with some irregularities:
| bö̃da | |
| larda | |
| čuɟa | |
| ɟäda | |
| ɕuda | |
| dü̃da | |
| ɟida | |
| žyda | |
| hɔvda | |
| ɕüwda | |
| ɕüwnɔbö̃da | |
| ɕüwnɔlarda | |
| ɕüwnɔčuɟa | |
| lararɕüwda | |
| čɔrɕüwda | |
| dɑ̃rčĩda | |
| hɔbarnɔčĩda |
If the numeral form is composite, the suffix is added to every form:
- 325th: čɔrčĩda lararɕüwda ɕuda
