Middle Nyángar

Phonology

Phonemes

Consonants

Middle Nyángar contrasts 28 different consonant sounds:

Consonants
	Bilabial		Labiodent.		Alveolar		Palatal		Velar		Uvular		Glottal
Nasal		m				n				ŋ
Nasal Geminate		m:				n:				ŋ:
Plosive	p	b			t	d				g	q		ʔ
Plosive Geminate										g:
Ejective					tʼ						qʼ
Implosive		ɓ				ɗ
Fricative	ɸ			v	s̺	s̻						ʁ
Fricative Geminate					s̺:
Lateral Fricative					ɬ
Lateral Approximant						l
Approximant		w						j

Vowels

Despite the moderate consonant inventory, the language only contrasts 3 vowel qualities, also contrasting short and long quantities.

Vowels
	Front		Central		Back
Close	i(:)					u(:)
Open			a(:)

There are also 3 diphthongs, each with a corresponding long diphthong:
/ɑe æu øy/ and /ɑ:e æ:u ø:y/

Orthography

Middle Nyángar uses a modified version of the Latin alphabet in writing. It is a somewhat deep orthography, that is, there is no one-to-one correspondence between phoneme and grapheme. Here are the phonemes again with their corresponding graphemes.

Consonants
	Bilabial		Labiodent.		Alveolar		Palatal		Velar		Uvular		Glottal
Nasal		m				n				ng
Nasal Geminate		m				n				ng
Plosive	p,ph	b			t	d				g	c,k		h
Plosive Geminate										g
Ejective					t,th						c,k,kh
Implosive		b				d
Fricative	f			v	s	z						r
Fricative Geminate					s
Lateral Fricative					l,lh
Lateral Approximant						l
Approximant		w						y

Short vowels:

Vowels
	Front		Central		Back
Close	i,ie					u
Open			a

Long vowels:

Vowels
	Front		Central		Back
Close	e,ui					iu,ue
Open			ai,oe