Xǔngpìng

Xǔngpìng Xǔngpìng
Spoken in:
Conworld:
Total speakers:
Genealogical classification:	Xǔngpìng
Basic word order:
Morphological type:	isolating
Morphosyntactic alignment:
Writing system:
Created by:
Qwynegold

Xǔngpìng is an isolating, monosyllabic, tonal language.

Phonology

Consonants

Consonants
	Bilabial		Labiod.		Dental		Alveolar		Post-alv.		Palatal		Velar		Glottal
Nasals		m						n						ŋ
Plosives	p	pʰ					t	tʰ					k	kʰ
Fricatives			f				s		ʃ	ʒ	ɕ	ʐ			h
Affricates					ts	tsʰ	tʃ	tʃʰ			tɕ	tɕʰ dʑ
Approximants												j
Lateral Approximant								l

Vowels

Vowels
	Front		Near-front		Central		Near-back		Back
High	i									u
Near-high		ʏ
High-mid	e
Mid					ə˞					o
Low-mid
Near-low
Low	a								ɑ˞

Tones

Xǔngpìng has five tones, which are the high tone (unmarked), rising tone (´), falling tone (`), falling-rising tone (ˇ), and the "broken tone" (˜). The broken tone starts with an extra-short vowel, then there is a glottal stop, and then the same vowel continues again with a rising tone. In IPA, using /a/ as an example, this "tone" would be written [ăʔ̆ǎ]. The broken tone can not appear in onset-less syllables, while the other tones have no such restrictions.

Syllable structure

The syllable structure of Xǔngpìng is (O)(G)V(C), where O can be any consonant except /j/ or /w/, G can be /j/ or /w/, V is any non-rhotacized vowel, and C can be /kʰ/, /l/, /m/, /n/, /ŋ/, /w/, /j/ or rhotacization of the previous vowel.

Orthography

The romanization of Xǔngpìng is as follows:

Xǔngpìng romanization

A a, B b, C c, Ch ch, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, Jh jh, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ng ng, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Xh xh, Y y, Z z, Zh zh

Letter	Pronunciation
A a	a, ɑ
Ar ar	ɑ˞
B b	p
C c	tsʰ
Ch ch	tʃʰ
D d	t
E e	e, ə
Er er	ə˞
F f	f, ɸ
G g	k
H h	h
I i	i, ɪ, j
J j	tɕ
Jh jh	ʒ
K k	kʰ, k
L l	l
M m	m
N n	n
Ng ng	ŋ
O o	o
P p	pʰ
Q q	tɕʰ
R r	ʐ
S s	s
Sh sh	ʃ
T t	tʰ
U u	u, w
V v	(silent)
W w	w, (silent)
X x	ɕ
Xh xh	dʑ
Y y	j, (silent)
Z z	ts
Zh zh	tʃ

When a syllable begins with a vowel, a silent letter is inserted before it. If the syllable begins with /a/ or /e/, <v> is inserted; if it begins with /i/ or /ʏ/, <y> is inserted; and if it begins with /o/ or /u/, <w> is inserted.

When a consonant is followed by <i> or <u> and then a second vowel, the <i> or <u> is pronounced /j/ resp. /w/. If there is no other consonant before a /j/ or /w/, <y> resp. <w> is used for representing those sounds.