Senjecas - Verdurian Test Sentences 11-20: Difference between revisions

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! colspan="6" | '''ṡ̨uuše̋nos'''<br>(vowels with प)
! colspan="6" | ṡ̨uuše̋nos<br>(vowels with प)
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! colspan="3" | '''nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos'''<br>(weak vowels)
! colspan="3" | nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos<br>(weak vowels)
|-
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! <center>p</center>
! <center>p</center>
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|-
|-
| 2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural
| 2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural
| ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
| ABS = [[Wikipedia:Absolutive case|absolutive]] (an unmarked modifying adjective)
| DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
| DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
| FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
| FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
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==Sentences==
==Sentences==
*'''11a.''' I'm reading that cursed book (to the bitter end).
*'''11a.''' I'm reading that cursed book (to the bitter end).
*'''mu ṡ̨a̋bo műgom do a-siia̋mlom ð̨a̋a̋antu vűűa:''' (I'm reading it now.)
*'''mu ṡ̨a̋bo műgom do ȝe̋ro a-siia̋mlom ð̨a̋a̋antu vűűa:''' (I'm reading it now.)
*
:{|
:{|
!m-u||ṡ̨a̋bo-Ø||műg-om||do||a=sii.a̋ml-om||ð̨a̋a̋-a-nt-u||vűű-a
!m-u||ṡ̨a̋bo-Ø||műg-om||do||ȝe̋ro-Ø||a=sii.a̋ml-om||ð̨a̋a̋-a-nt-u||vűű-a
|-
|-
|1s-N||bitter-ABS||end-A.s||to||that=bind.paper-A.s||read-IND-AP-N.s||be-IND
|1s-N||bitter-ABS||end-A.s||to||cursed-ABS||that=bind.paper-A.s||read-IND-AP-N.s||be-IND
|}
|}




*'''11b.''' I'm reading that cursed book (to the bitter end).
*'''11b.''' I'm reading that cursed book (to the bitter end).
*'''mu ṡ̨a̋bo műgom do a-siia̋mlom u-ð̨a̋a̋a:''' (Starting tomorrow.)
*'''mu ṡ̨a̋bo műgom do ȝe̋ro a-siia̋mlom u-ð̨a̋a̋a:''' (Starting tomorrow.)
:{|
:{|
!m-u||ṡ̨a̋bo-Ø||műg-om||do||a=sii.a̋ml-om||u=ð̨a̋a̋-a
!m-u||ṡ̨a̋bo-Ø||műg-om||do||ȝe̋ro-Ø||a=sii.a̋ml-om||u=ð̨a̋a̋-a
|-
|-
|1s-N||bitter-ABS||end-A.s||to||that=bind.paper-A.s||FUT=read-IND
|1s-N||bitter-ABS||end-A.s||to||cursed-ABS||that=bind.paper-A.s||FUT=read-IND
|}
|}


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*'''12.''' Mother burst into tears, but Father burst out laughing.
*'''12.''' Mother burst into tears, but Father burst out laughing.
*'''ma̋a̋ma kı̋non éna e-na̋ba. ésti ta̋a̋ta ı̋non éna e-na̋ba:'''
*'''ma̋a̋ma kı̋non éna e-na̋ba. ésti ta̋a̋ta ı̋non éna e-na̋ba:'''
*
:{|
:{|
!ma̋a̋m-a||kı̋n-on||éna||e=na̋b-a||ésti||ta̋a̋t-a||ı̋n-on||éna||e=na̋b-a
!ma̋a̋m-a||kı̋n-on||éna||e=na̋b-a||ésti||ta̋a̋t-a||ı̋n-on||éna||e=na̋b-a
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*'''13.''' The child said, if only the sun were blue!
*'''13.''' The child said, if only the sun were blue!
*'''ṡı̋ṡu e-te̋e̋a: m̃a ebátu sűűle kőőx' ese̋ȝa m̃ar:'''
*'''ṡı̋ṡu e-te̋e̋a: m̃a ebátu sűűle kőőx' ese̋ȝa m̃ar:'''
*
:{|
:{|
!ṡı̋ṡ-u||e=te̋e̋-a||m̃a||ebátu||sűűl-e||kőőx-'||es-e̋ȝa||m̃ar
!ṡı̋ṡ-u||e=te̋e̋-a||m̃a||ebátu||sűűl-e||kőőx-'||es-e̋ȝa||m̃ar
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*'''14.''' This chimney sweep wishes he was a prince!
*'''14.''' This chimney sweep wishes he was a prince!
*'''i-koƣɫɛše̋vlu éȝum asűrum e̋su ɫe̋e̋la:'''
*'''i-koƣɫɛše̋vlu éȝum asűrum e̋su ɫe̋e̋la:'''
*
:{|
:{|
!i=koƣɫ-ɛ-še̋v-l-u||éȝ-um||asűr-um||e̋s-u||ɫe̋e̋l-a
!i=koƣɫ-ɛ-še̋v-l-u||éȝ-um||asűr-um||e̋s-u||ɫe̋e̋l-a
|-
|-
|this=chimney.ELIS.sweep-AG-N.s||3-A.s||prince-A.s||be-SUP||wish-IND
|this=chimney.EPEN.sweep-AG-N.s||3-A.s||prince-A.s||be-SUP||wish-IND
|}
|}




*'''15.''' He believes that the birds are his ancestors!
*'''15.''' He believes that the birds are his ancestors!
*'''éȝu m̃e̋ȝen ane̋run e̋su na̋ma:'''
*'''éȝu m̃e̋ȝen éȝu-ane̋run e̋su na̋ma:'''
*
:{|
:{|
!éȝ-u||m̃e̋ȝ-en||ane̋r-un||e̋s-u||na̋m-a
!éȝ-u||m̃e̋ȝ-en||éȝu=ane̋r-un||e̋s-u||na̋m-a
|-
|-
|3-N.s||bird-A.p||ancestor-A.p||be-SUP||believe-IND
|3-N.s||bird-A.p||his=ancestor-A.p||be-SUP||believe-IND
|}
|}


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*'''16.''' He took his knife- he would need it later.
*'''16.''' He took his knife- he would need it later.
*'''éȝu sı̋ı̋mlom e-ga̋a̋na: xıxálvi éȝom iiƣe̋ȝa:'''
*'''éȝu sı̋ı̋mlom e-ga̋a̋na: xıxálvi éȝom iiƣe̋ȝa:'''
*
:{|
:{|
!éȝ-u||sı̋ı̋m-l-om||e=ga̋a̋n-a||xı~xál=vi||éȝ-om||iiƣ-e̋ȝa
!éȝ-u||sı̋ı̋m-l-om||e=ga̋a̋n-a||xı~xál=vi||éȝ-om||iiƣ-e̋ȝa
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*'''17.''' Seeing is believing.
*'''17.''' Seeing is believing.
*'''na̋ku őőu e̋sa:'''
*'''na̋ku őőu e̋sa:'''
*
:{|
:{|
!na̋k-u||őő-u||e̋s-a
!na̋k-u||őő-u||e̋s-a
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*'''18.''' Knowledge is good.
*'''18.''' Knowledge is good.
*'''sa̋a̋r̈a va̋da e̋sa:'''
*'''sa̋a̋r̈a va̋da e̋sa:'''
*
:{|
:{|
!sa̋a̋r̈-a||va̋d-a||e̋s-a
!sa̋a̋r̈-a||va̋d-a||e̋s-a
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*'''19.''' To be able to see the elcari will be impossible.
*'''19.''' To be able to see the elcari will be impossible.
*'''elca̋ri na̋ku ma̋ƣu alma̋ƣa u-e̋sa:'''
*'''elca̋ri na̋ku ma̋ƣu alma̋ƣa u-e̋sa:'''
*
:{|
:{|
!elca̋ri||na̋k-u||ma̋ƣ-u||al=ma̋ƣ-a||u=e̋s-a
!elca̋ri||na̋k-u||ma̋ƣ-u||al=ma̋ƣ-a||u=e̋s-a
|-
|-
|elcari||see-SUP||be.able-SUP||PRV=be.able-N.s||FUT=be-IND
|elcari||see-SUP||be_able-SUP||PRV=be_able-N.s||FUT=be-IND
|}
|}


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*'''20.''' Seeing the bishop, the hoodlum smiled slightly.
*'''20.''' Seeing the bishop, the hoodlum smiled slightly.
*'''evna̋ƣlum na̋kantu le̋iþlu léɫvi e-m̨ősa:'''
*'''evna̋ƣlum na̋kantu le̋iþlu léɫvi e-m̨ősa:'''
*
:{|
:{|
!ev.na̋ƣ-l-um||na̋k-a-ntu-Ø||le̋iþ-l-u||léɫ=vi||e=m̨ős-a
!ev.na̋ƣ-l-um||na̋k-a-ntu-Ø||le̋iþ-l-u||léɫ=vi||e=m̨ős-a
|-
|-
|over.see-AG-A.s||see-IND-AP-ABS||commit.a.crime-AG-N.s||slight=ADV||PST=smile-IND
|over.see-AG-A.s||see-IND-AP-ABS||commit_a_crime-AG-N.s||slight=ADV||PST=smile-IND
|}
|}




[[Senjecas - Verdurian Test Sentences 21-30]]
[[Senjecas - Verdurian Test Sentences 21-30]]

Revision as of 11:09, 11 October 2025

Pronunciation table

peműko
(labial)
 riisűko
(dental) 		muitűko
(alveolar) 		vainűko
(palatal) 		ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(vowels with प) 		nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(weak vowels)
p
 b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a ɔ o u ı ɛ y
प
 ब फ भ म़ म त द थ ध ल़ ल च ज स स़ र न क ग क़ ग़ ह य स्व स्य इ ई
पि पी 		ए एै
पे पै 		अ आ
प पा 		ऒ ॵ
पॊ पॏ 		ओ औ
पो पौ 		उ ऊ
पु पू 		पं पऺ पॅ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural ABL = ablative suffix COL = collective F = feminine INT = intensive prefix PRV = privative prefix SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective) DES = desiderative FRQ = frequentative LAT = lative suffix PST = past TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person ADV = adverb DIM = diminutive FUT = future LOC = locative suffix REV = reversive VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) AG = agent ELIS = elision IMP = imperative M = masculine Q = interrogative particle YNG = young
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) AP = agent (active) participle ELT = elative INC = inchoative OCC = occupation suffix QUOT = direct quotation
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural) AUG = augmentative EP = epenthesis IND = indicative PP = patient (past) participle RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) CAUS = causative EQU = equative degree INS = instrument PRF = perfect SBJ = subjunctive


Sentences

  • 11a. I'm reading that cursed book (to the bitter end).
  • mu ṡ̨a̋bo műgom do ȝe̋ro a-siia̋mlom ð̨a̋a̋antu vűűa: (I'm reading it now.)
m-u ṡ̨a̋bo-Ø műg-om do ȝe̋ro-Ø a=sii.a̋ml-om ð̨a̋a̋-a-nt-u vűű-a
1s-N bitter-ABS end-A.s to cursed-ABS that=bind.paper-A.s read-IND-AP-N.s be-IND


  • 11b. I'm reading that cursed book (to the bitter end).
  • mu ṡ̨a̋bo műgom do ȝe̋ro a-siia̋mlom u-ð̨a̋a̋a: (Starting tomorrow.)
m-u ṡ̨a̋bo-Ø műg-om do ȝe̋ro-Ø a=sii.a̋ml-om u=ð̨a̋a̋-a
1s-N bitter-ABS end-A.s to cursed-ABS that=bind.paper-A.s FUT=read-IND


  • 12. Mother burst into tears, but Father burst out laughing.
  • ma̋a̋ma kı̋non éna e-na̋ba. ésti ta̋a̋ta ı̋non éna e-na̋ba:
ma̋a̋m-a kı̋n-on éna e=na̋b-a ésti ta̋a̋t-a ı̋n-on éna e=na̋b-a
mother-N.s tear-A.p into PST=explode-IND but father-N.s laugh-A.p into PST=explode-IND


  • 13. The child said, if only the sun were blue!
  • ṡı̋ṡu e-te̋e̋a: m̃a ebátu sűűle kőőx' ese̋ȝa m̃ar:
ṡı̋ṡ-u e=te̋e̋-a m̃a ebátu sűűl-e kőőx-' es-e̋ȝa m̃ar
child-N.as PST=say-IND QUOT if.only sun-N.s blue-ELIS be-SBJ QUOT


  • 14. This chimney sweep wishes he was a prince!
  • i-koƣɫɛše̋vlu éȝum asűrum e̋su ɫe̋e̋la:
i=koƣɫ-ɛ-še̋v-l-u éȝ-um asűr-um e̋s-u ɫe̋e̋l-a
this=chimney.EPEN.sweep-AG-N.s 3-A.s prince-A.s be-SUP wish-IND


  • 15. He believes that the birds are his ancestors!
  • éȝu m̃e̋ȝen éȝu-ane̋run e̋su na̋ma:
éȝ-u m̃e̋ȝ-en éȝu=ane̋r-un e̋s-u na̋m-a
3-N.s bird-A.p his=ancestor-A.p be-SUP believe-IND


  • 16. He took his knife- he would need it later.
  • éȝu sı̋ı̋mlom e-ga̋a̋na: xıxálvi éȝom iiƣe̋ȝa:
éȝ-u sı̋ı̋m-l-om e=ga̋a̋n-a xı~xál=vi éȝ-om iiƣ-e̋ȝa
3-N.s cut-INS-A.s PST=take-IND ELT~late=ADV 3-A.s need-SBJ


  • 17. Seeing is believing.
  • na̋ku őőu e̋sa:
na̋k-u őő-u e̋s-a
see-SUP believe-SUP be-IND


  • 18. Knowledge is good.
  • sa̋a̋r̈a va̋da e̋sa:
sa̋a̋r̈-a va̋d-a e̋s-a
knowledge-N.s good-N.s be-IND


  • 19. To be able to see the elcari will be impossible.
  • elca̋ri na̋ku ma̋ƣu alma̋ƣa u-e̋sa:
elca̋ri na̋k-u ma̋ƣ-u al=ma̋ƣ-a u=e̋s-a
elcari see-SUP be_able-SUP PRV=be_able-N.s FUT=be-IND


  • 20. Seeing the bishop, the hoodlum smiled slightly.
  • evna̋ƣlum na̋kantu le̋iþlu léɫvi e-m̨ősa:
ev.na̋ƣ-l-um na̋k-a-ntu-Ø le̋iþ-l-u léɫ=vi e=m̨ős-a
over.see-AG-A.s see-IND-AP-ABS commit_a_crime-AG-N.s slight=ADV PST=smile-IND


Senjecas - Verdurian Test Sentences 21-30

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