Time line

• 963 - The first monastery on Mt. Athos is founded by St. Athanasios.
• 979 - The Monastery of the Annunciation (second in seniority), is founded by three monks, Athanasios, Nicholas, and Antonius from Adrianople, pupils of St. Athanasios. The katholikon of the monastery is dedicated to the Annunciation of the Virgin Mary and thus gives the monastery its name.
• 980 - The monastery of St. George the Painter (ninth in seniority) is founded by Moses, Aaron and John, three monks from Ohrid. From its foundation it has been inhabited by Bulgarian monks. This monastery accepts Orthdox men from Oltenia, Muntenia, and Moldava.
• 982 - The Monastery of Iviron (third in seniority) is founded by St. John from Iberia (Georgia). Although the population has dwindled to 35 monks, the monastery is still populated by Georgian monks.
• 990 - The Monastery of the Forty Martyrs of Sebaste (eighth in seniority) is founded by Blessed Paul, reputedly son of Michael I Rangabe. The katholikon of the monastery is dedicated to the Forty Martyrs of Sebaste and thus gives the monastery its name. The port village of Dafni lies in its territory.
• 1000 - Upon the death of St. Athanasios, his monastery is renamed St. Athanasios
• 1002 - Upon the death of St. John, his monastery is renamed St. John the Iberian
• 1031 - On the 600th anniversary of the Council of Ephesus, the Virgin Mary, the Theotokos is named the patron and protector of the Holy Mountain.
• 1076 - The Monastery of the Forty Martyrs is turned over to monks of the Armenian Orthodox Church, the first instance of a Greek monastery being turned over to non-Greek monks. This monastery also accepts Orthodox men from Azerbaijan.
• 1169 - The Monastery of the Holy Cross (sixth in seniority) is founded by an unknown person. There is a later re-foundation by Koutloumous, a Seljuk convert in the 14th century. The katholikon of the monastery is dedicated to the the Holy Cross and thus gives the monastery its name.
• 1178 - The monastery of Chilandar (fourth in seniority) is founded by St. Sava for Serbian monks. The katholikon of the monastery is dedicated to the Presentation of the Virgin Mary and thus gives the monastery its name. This monastery accepts Orthodox men from Bohemia, Slevania, Hungary, Croatia, Dalmatia, Sanjak, Albania, and Xliponia.
• 1307-9 - Raids by Frankish and Catalan pirates.
• 1379 - The Monastery of St. John the Baptist (fifth in seniority) is founded by Blessed Dionysios. The katholikon of the monastery is dedicated to St. John the Baptist and thus gives the monastery its name.
• 1358 - The Monastery of the Transfiguration (seventh in seniority) is founded by the brothers Alexy Stratopedarch and John Primikerij, officials of the Byzantine court. The katholikon of the monastery is dedicated to the Transfiguration of Jesus and thus gives the monastery its name.
• 1821-1830 - The Monastery of the Forty Martyrs is occupied by Turkish troops.
• Holy Archangels
• Sts. Peter and Paul
• St. Philotheus
• New Bethlehem
• Presentation
• St. Nicholas
• St. Xenophon
• St. Gregory
• Ascension
• St. Panteleimon Russian
• St. Stephen
• 1970 - The Lowland and the Isles are hooked to the power grid of the Hellenic Republic. The monasteries are required to install solar panels.