Senjecas Tax. Aves: Difference between revisions

From FrathWiki
Jump to navigationJump to search
(New material.)
m (Revisions.)
 
(21 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
<font size = 4>
<font size = 3>


==Pronunciation table==
==Pronunciation table==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:500px;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1150px;"
!p
! colspan="6" | <center>'''peműko'''<br>(labial)</center>
!b
!f
!v
!m̃
!m
|
|
|
|
!t
! colspan="6" | '''riisűko'''<br>(dental)
!d
!l
|
|
|
|
!
! colspan="6" | '''muitűko'''<br>(alveolar)
!s
!z
!r
!n
|
|
|
|
!k
! colspan="6-" | '''vainűko'''<br>(palatal)
!g
!x
![[Wikipedia:Gha|ƣ]]
!h
![[Wikipedia:Yogh|ȝ]]
|
|
|
|
!š
! colspan="2" |
!s̨
|
|
|
|
!i
! colspan="6" | ṡ̨uuše̋nos<br>(vowels with प)
!e
!a
![[Wikipedia:Ogonek#Similar diacritics|ǫ]]
!o
!u
|
|
|
|
!ĭ
! colspan="3" | nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos<br>(weak vowels)
|-
|-
|/p/
! <center>p</center>
|/b/
! b
|/ɸ/
! f
|/β/
! v
|/m̥/
! m̃
|/m/
! m
|
|
|
|
|/t/
! t
|/d/
! d
|/θ/
! þ
|/ð/
! ð
|/l̥/
! ɫ
|/l/
! l
|
|
|
|
|/ʦ/
! ṡ
|/ʣ/
! ż
|/s/
! s
|/z/
! z
|/ɾ̥/
! r
|/n/
! n
|
|
|
|
|/k/
! k
|/g/
! g
|/ç/
! x
|/ʝ/
! [[Wikipedia:Gha|ƣ]]
|/j̊/
! h
|/j/
! [[Wikipedia:Yogh|ȝ]]
|
|
|
|
|/sʷ/
! š
|/sʲ/
! s̨
|
|
|
|
|/i/
! i  
|/e/
! e
|/ä/
! a
|/ɒ/
! [[Wikipedia:O|ɔ]]
|/o/
! o
|/u/
! u
|
|
|
|
|/ɪ/
! ı
|/ɛ/
! ɛ
|/ʊ/
! y
|-
! <center>प</center>
! ब
! फ
! भ
! म़
! म
|
|
! त
! द
! थ
! ध
! ल़
! ल
|
|
! च
! ज
! स
! स़
! र
! न
|
|
! क
! ग
! क़
! [[Wikipedia:Gha|ग़]]
! ह
! [[Wikipedia:Yogh|य]]
|
|
! स्व
! स्य
|
|
! इ ई<br>पि पी
! ए एै<br>पे पै
! अ आ<br>प पा
! ऒ ॵ<br>पॊ पॏ
! ओ औ<br>पो पौ
! उ ऊ<br>पु पू
|
|
! पं
! पऺ
! पॅ
|-
| /p/
| /b/
| /ɸ/
| /β/
| /m̥/
| /m/
!
!
| /t/
| /d/
| /θ/
| /ð/
| /l̥/
| /l/
!
!
| /ʦ/
| /ʣ/
| /s/
| /z/
| /ɾ̥/
| /n/
!
!
| /k/
| /g/
| /ç/
| /ʝ/
| /j̊/
| /j/
!
!
| /sʷ/
| /sʲ/
!
!
| /i/
| /e/
| /ä/
| /ɒ/
| /o/
| /u/
!
!
| /ɪ/
| /ɛ/
| /ʊ/
|}
|}


Line 103: Line 171:
==Introduction==
==Introduction==
#In the Sefdaanian cultures, each individual is a member of a hierarchy of communities. The Ethrans have used this hierarchy as a pattern for their classification of life forms.
#In the Sefdaanian cultures, each individual is a member of a hierarchy of communities. The Ethrans have used this hierarchy as a pattern for their classification of life forms.
#The individual is, first of all, a member of one of the six Loquent Peoples. The largest of the taxonomic communities is that of the '''le̋uða''' ['''le̋uðu''', people]. Thus, there are "animal people" and "plant people". This division corresponds to "kingdom" in modern taxonomy.
#The individual is, first of all, a member of one of the six Loquent Peoples. The largest of the taxonomic communities is that of the '''le̋uða''' ['''le̋uðu''', people]Thus, there are "animal people" and "plant people". This division corresponds to "kingdom" in modern taxonomy.
#Next, the individual lives in one of the seven regions (watersheds) of Sefdaania. This division, the '''ta̋im̃a''' ['''ta̋im̃a''', region], corresponds to "class" in modern taxonomy.
#Next, the individual lives in one of the seven regions (watersheds) of Sefdaania. This division, the '''ta̋im̃a''' ['''ta̋im̃a''', region], corresponds to "class" in modern taxonomy.
#Within the several regions, the individual lives in a commune. This division, the '''kőina''' ['''kőino''', commune, corresponds to "order" in modern taxonomy.
#Within the several regions, the individual lives in a commune. This division, the '''kőina''' ['''kőino''', commune, corresponds to "order" in modern taxonomy.
#Each commune is comprised of a number of families. This division, the '''ða̋ma''' ['''ða̋mu''', family], corresponds to "family" in modern taxonomy.
#Each commune is comprised of a number of families. This division, the '''ða̋ma''' ['''ða̋mu''', family], corresponds to "family" in modern taxonomy.
#Within the family, the individual is usually one of several siblings. This division, the '''ȝőőra''' ['''ȝőőru''', sibling], corresponds to "genus" in modern taxonomy.
#Within the family, the individual is usually one of several siblings. This division, the '''ȝőőra''' ['''ȝőőru''', sibling], corresponds to "genus" in modern taxonomy.
#And finally there is the individual himself. This division, the '''še̋ða''' ['''še̋ðu''', individual], corresponds to "species" in modern taxonomy.
#And finally there is the individual himselF This division, the '''še̋ða''' ['''še̋ðu''', individual], corresponds to "species" in modern taxonomy.


*Finer divisions can be made with the use of prefixes, ''e.g.'':
*Finer divisions can be made with the use of prefixes, ''e.g.'':
Line 123: Line 191:
::::Subfamily (sF) - '''nerða̋ma'''
::::Subfamily (sF) - '''nerða̋ma'''
:::::Tribe (T) -  '''sufða̋ma'''
:::::Tribe (T) -  '''sufða̋ma'''
==Summary Table of Arthropods Extant in Sefdaania==
O Struthioniformes - mezréésmeikőina
::::F Struthionidae -
:::::::'''kurűle''', [[Wikipedia:Pachystruthio|ostrich]] (†''Pachystruthio spp.'')
O Anseriformes – erpéðmeikőina
::::F Anatidae - '''kuuƣta̋im̃a'''
:::::sF Anserinae - '''kúúƣnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::T Cygnini - '''kuuƣða̋a̋ma'''
:::::::'''alve̋de''', tundra swan (''Olor bewickii'')
:::::::'''e̋lm̨̃e''', whooper swan (''C. cygnus'')
:::::::'''hőlve''', mute swan (''Cygnus olor'')
:::::::'''kűűge''', giant swan (†''Cygnus falconeri'')
::::::T Anserini - '''hánsɛða̋a̋ma'''
:::::::'''ga̋a̋re''', taiga bean goose (''Anser fabalis'')
:::::::'''ha̋nse''', graylag goose (''A. anser'')
:::::::'''lűnte''', red-breasted goose (''Branta ruficollis'')
:::::sF Tadorninae – '''ƣándɛnerta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''ƣa̋nde''' ruddy shelduck (''Tadorna ferruginea'')
:::::::'''þ̨a̋xe''', common shelduck (''T tadorna'')
:::::sF Anatinae - '''nááþnerta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''a̋a̋ibe''', pintail duck (''Anas acuta'')
:::::::'''ɠa̋le''', Eurasian widgeon (''Anas penelope'')
:::::::'''na̋a̋te''', mallard (''Anas platyrhynchos'')
:::::::'''pɔ̋ȝe''', garganey (''Anas querquedula'')
:::::::'''take̋ste''' northern shoveler (''Anas clypea'')
:::::sF Aythyinae - '''báðnerta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''ba̋de''', tufted duck (''Aythya fuligula'')
:::::::'''me̋ðge''', common pochard (''Aythya ferina'')
:::::::'''ṡőðke''', greater scaup (''Aythya marila'')
:::::sF Merginae – '''ééþnerta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''anga̋te''', common scoter (''Melanitta nigra'')
:::::::'''e̋e̋te''', common eider (''Somateria mollissima'')
:::::::'''m̃a̋iṡe''', velvet scoter (''Melanitta fusca'')
:::::::'''sőðke''', long-tailed duck (''Clangula hyemalis'')
:::::::'''ta̋a̋re''', merganser (''Mergus merganser'')
O Galliformes - talpááþmeikőina
:::SF Phasianoidea - '''reekínufta̋im̃a'''
::::F Phasianidae - '''réékinta̋im̃a'''
:::::sF Coturnicinae - '''reekín̈erta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''reekı̋ne''', common quail (''C. coturnix'')
:::::sF Pavoninae – '''namílnerta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''namı̋le''', peacock (†''Pavo bravardi'')
:::::sF Perdicinae - '''m̃ortóxnerta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''ka̋ure''', chukar (''Alectoris chukar'')
:::::::'''m̃ortőke''', Eastern grey partridge (''P. perdix lucida'')
:::::sF Tetraoninae - '''réuvnerta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''aka̋rƣe''', willow ptarmigan (''L. lagopus'')
:::::::'''ere̋mbe''', hazel grouse (''Tetrastes bonasia'')
:::::::'''kopa̋le''', Caucasian grouse (''Tetrao mlokosiewiczi'')
:::::::'''pı̋pe''', black grouse (''Tetrao tetrix'')
:::::::'''re̋ube''', rock ptarmigan (''Lagopus muta'')
:::::::'''tete̋rm̃e''', capercaillie (''Tetrao urogallus'')
:::::sF Phasianinae - '''kokóvnerta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''kokőbe''', Caucasus pheasant (''Phasianus colchicus'')
:::::::'''kűxre''', Caucasus snowcock (''Tetraogallus caucasicus'')
O Podicipediformes - laavpéðmeikőina
::::F Podicipedidae - '''nɔnta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''kűȝe''', horned grebe (''Podiceps auritus'')
:::::::'''nɔ̋ne''', crested grebe (''Podiceps cristatus'')
O Columbiformes - voiðs̨úúþmeikőina
::::F Columbidae - '''álunta̋im̃a'''
:::::sF Columbinae - '''alún̈erta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''alűne''', rock dove (''Columba l. livia'')
:::::::'''deeltűrte''', collared dove (''Streptopelia decaocto'')
:::::::'''kolőmbe''', stock dove (''Columba oenas'')
:::::::'''pelőnve''', European wood pigeon (''Columba p. palumbus'')
:::::::'''tűrte''', turtle dove (''Streptopelia turtur'')
O Apodiformes - pinpéðm̃eikőina
::::F Apodidae – '''ƣelta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''ƣe̋le''', common swift (''A. apus'')
::::F Trochilidae - '''šérforta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''nanpa̋a̋þle''', hummingbird (†''Eurotrochilus  inexpectatus'')
O Cuculiformes - antóólm̃eikőina
::::F Cuculidae - '''koukta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''kőuke''', common cuckoo (''Cuculus canrus'')
O Gruiformes - m̃ááðm̃eikőina
:sO Ralli - '''m̃aaðm̃éinerkőina'''
::::F Rallidae - '''k̨ofta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''k̨őpe''', water rail (''Rallus aquaticus'')
:::::::'''þa̋re''', corncrake (''C. crex'')
:::::::'''velı̋ke''', coot (''Fulica atra'')
:sO Grui - '''gerán̈erkőina'''
::::F Gruidae - '''géranta̋im̃a'''
:::::sF Gruinae - '''gerán̈erta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''gera̋ne''', common crane (''G. grus'')
:::::::'''nűƣne''', demoiselle crane (''Anthropoides virgo'')
:::::sF Balericinae - '''kulúrnerta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''kulűri''', crowned crane (†''Balearica rummeli'')
::::F Otididae - '''kórkosta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''korkőse''', great bustard (''Otis tarda'')
O Gaviiformes - ðúúfm̃eikőina
::::F Gaviidae - '''axta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''a̋xe''', common loon (''Gavia immer '')
:::::::'''k̨a̋me''', red-throated loon (''Gavia stellata'')
:::::::'''sűge''', white-billed diver, yellow-billed loon (''Gavia adamsii'')
:::::::'''tőxte''', black-throated diver, Arctic loon (''Gavia arctica'')
O Ciconiiformes - meznı̋ı̋vm̃eikőina
::::F Ciconiidae - '''sɔzta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''sɔ̋że''', white stork (''C. ciconia'')
:::::::'''ṡikőőne''', black stork (''Ciconia nigra'')
O Pelecaniformes - vɪɪnasȝámm̃eikőina
::::F Ardeidae - '''rooðta̋im̃a'''
:::::sF Botaurinae - '''astérnerta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''aste̋re''', Eurasian bittern (''Botaurus stellaris'')
:::::::'''űűpe''', little bittern (''Ixobrychus m. minutus'')
:::::sF Ardeinae - '''róóðnerða̋ma'''
:::::::'''ɫexle̋ke''', black-crowned heron (''N. nycticorax'')
:::::::'''rőőde''' common heron (''Ardea cinerea'')
::::F Pelecanidae - '''karmɛta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''ka̋rme''', Dalmatian pelican (''Pelecanus crispus'')
::::F Threskiornithidae - '''ɫériinta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''keilnı̋ı̋be''', common spoonbill (''Platalea leucorodia'')
:::::::'''ɫerı̋ı̋ne''', northern bald ibis (''Geronticus eremita'')
::::F Sulidae - '''ƣandɛta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''ƣa̋nde''', Northern gannet (''Morus bassanus'')
::::F Phalacrocoracidae - '''korkɛta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''kőrke''', great cormorant (''Phalacrocorax carbo'')
:::::::'''suunkőrke''', common shag (''Phalacrocorax aristotelis'')
O Charadriiformes - '''k̨úðm̃eikőina'''
:sO Scolopaci - '''k̨uðm̃éinerkőina'''
::::F Scolopacidae - '''k̨urta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''k̨űre''', Eurasian woodcock (''Scolopax rusticola'')
:::::::'''le̋nge''' black-tailed godwit (''L. limosa'')
:::::::'''reuðsı̋nge''', spotted redshank (''Tringa erythropus'')
:::::::'''ṡűlṡe''' sanderling (''Calidris alba'')
:::::::'''tı̋ṡe''' common snipe (''G. gallinago'')
:::::::'''t̨ı̋te''' Eurasian curlew (''Numenius arquatus'')
:sO Lari - '''póinerkőina'''
::::F Laridae - '''poita̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''pőȝe''', Caspian gull (''Larus cachinnans'')
:sO Charadrii - '''k̨uȝílnerkőina'''
::::F Charadriidae - '''k̨úȝilta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''k̨uȝı̋le''', Eurasian golden plover (''Pluvialis apricaria'')
:::::::'''nűƣne''', Northern lapwing (''V. vanellus'')
::::F Haematopodidae - '''voovta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''vőőve''', oystercatcher (''Haematopus ostralegus'')
::::F Recurvirostridae - '''n̨óól̤axta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''n̨ool̤a̋ke''', black-winged stilt (''H. himantopus'')
O Falconiformes - '''ahgémm̃eikőina'''
::::F Falconidae - '''árgifta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''argı̋pe''', gyrfalcon (''Falco rusticolus'')
:::::::'''ɠőixe''', common kestrel (''Falco tinnunculus'')
:::::::'''ɠőixke''' lesser kestrel (''Falso naumanni'')
:::::::'''iþı̋ke''' Eurasian hobby (''Falco subbuteo'')
:::::::'''ṡa̋ske''', Eurasian merlin (''Falco aesalon'')
::::F Pandionidae - '''gasta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''ga̋se''', osprey (''Pandion haliaëtus'')
::::F Accipitridae - '''muirta̋im̃a'''
:::::sF Accipitrinae- '''gíðnerta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''ara̋ne''' white-tailed eagle (''Haliaëtus leucoryphus'')
:::::::'''gı̋de''', sparrowhawk (''Accipiter nisus'')
:::::::'''kı̋ı̋nke''' European honey buzzard (''Pernis apivorus'')
:::::::'''osgı̋de''', goshawk (''Accipiter gentilis'')
:::::sF Aegypiinae - '''híím̃nerta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''ǧeltűre''' griffon vulture (''Gyps fulvus'')
:::::::'''hı̋ı̋m̃e''' European black vulture (''Aegypius monachus'')
:::::::'''ka̋ze''', Egyptian vulture (''Neophron percnapterus'')
:::::::'''ve̋e̋se''', lammergeier (''Gypaetus barbatus'')
:::::sF Buteoninae - '''ǧúúþnerta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''gűṡe''', spotted eagle (''C. clanga'')
:::::::'''ǧűűte''', common buzzard (''B. buteo'')
:::::::'''ke̋e̋rde''', white-tailed sea eagle (''Haliaeëtus albicilla'')
:::::::'''k̨űne''', larger fish erne (†''Haliaeëtus grandior'')
:::::::'''műire''', golden eagle (''Aquila chrysaëtos'')
:::::::'''ṡ̨e̋ine''', steppe eagle (''Aquila nipalensis'')
:::::::'''þűbe''', imperial eagle (''Aquila heliaca'')
:::::::'''þ̨e̋ine''', lesser spotted eagle (''Clanga pomarina'')
:::::sF Milvinae - '''mélgŭnerta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''me̋lǧe''' red kite (''M. milvus'')
:::::::'''parűnde''', black kite (''Milvus m. migrans'')
O Strigiformes - '''laaþgémm̃eikőina'''
::::F Strigidae - '''ṡam̃ta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''hűnṡe''', boreal owl (''Aegolius funereus'')
:::::::'''ȝı̋pe''', Scops owl (''Otus scops'')
:::::::'''kahe̋ke''', northern hawk owl (''Surnia ulula'')
:::::::'''kukűbe''', great gray owl (''Strix nebulosa'')
:::::::'''pa̋a̋ike''', Ural owl (''Strix uralensis'')
:::::::'''ṡa̋m̃e''', Eurasian eagle owl (''B. bubo'').
:::::::'''ṡa̋m̃ke''', little owl (''Athene noctua'')
:::::::'''tom̃ṡa̋m̃e''', snowy owl (''Bubo scandiacus'')
:::::::'''űűm̃e''', short-eared owl (''Asio flammeus'')
:::::::'''űge''', pygmy owl (''Glaucidium passerinum'')
:::::::'''ulűle''', long-eared owl (''Asio otus'')
::::F Tytonidae - '''tuþta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''tűþe''', barn owl (''Tyto alba'')
O Coraciiformes – '''téér̈ɛm̃eikőina'''
:sO Alcedini -  '''téér̈ɛm̃eikőina'''
::::F Alcedinidae – '''ṡéérolta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''ṡeerőle''', European kingfisher (''Alcedo atthis'')
::::F Coraciidae - '''ṡúsneuvlɛta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''ṡusne̋uvle''', European roller (''Coracias garrulus'')
::::F Upupidae - '''ópofta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''őpe''', hoopoe (''Upupa epops'')
::::F Meropidae - '''vííżefta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''viiże̋fe''', bee-eater (''Merops apiaster'')
O Piciformes - '''haisrénm̃eikőina'''
::::F Picidae - '''piixta̋im̃a'''
:::::sF Piciinae - '''pííxnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::T Dendropicini - '''láspiixða̋ma'''
:::::::'''laspı̋ı̋ke''', spotted woodpecker (''Dendrocopos major'')
::::::T Picini - '''piixða̋ma'''
:::::::'''ka̋rke''', gray-headed woodpecker (''Picus canus'')
:::::::'''pı̋ı̋ke''', green woodpecker (''Picus viridis'')
O Passeriformes - '''vááxm̃eikőina'''
:sO Passeri - '''vaaxm̃éinerkőina'''
:::SF Corvoidea - '''m̃elágufta̋im̃a'''
::::F Oriolidae - '''m̃élaƣta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''m̃ela̋ge''', golden oriole (''O. oriolus'')
::::F Corvidae - '''ðeekta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''ðe̋e̋ke''', jackdaw (''Corvus monedula'')
:::::::'''e̋e̋rne''', rook (''Corvus frugilegus'')
:::::::'''ga̋a̋m̃e''', carrion crow (''Corvus corone'')
:::::::'''kőrm̃e''', raven (''Corvus corax'')
:::::::'''kőxse''', spotted nutcracker (''Nucifraga caryocatactes'')
:::::::'''m̃esa̋a̋ke''', European magpie (''P. pica'')
:::::::'''m̃őrne''', hooded crow (''Corvus cornix'')
:::::::'''ṡe̋ihe''', Eurasian jay (''Garrulus glandarius'')
:::::::'''x̌őre''', Siberian jay (''Perisoreus infaustus'')
:::::::'''za̋ṡ̬e''', Alpine chough (''Pyrrhocorax graculus'')
::::F Regulidae - '''m̃erbɛta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''m̃e̋rbe''', goldcrest (''R. regulus'')
:::SF Sylvioidea - '''ṡífufta̋im̃a'''
::::F Sylviidae - '''ṡifta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''ṡı̋fe''', Eurasian blackcap (''Sylvia atricapillus'')
::::F Alaudidae - '''painta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''f̨a̋lbe''', woodlark (''Lullula arborea'')
:::::::'''kébarpa̋ine''', calandra lark (''Melanocorypha calandra'')
:::::::'''pa̋ine''', crested lark (''Galerida cristata'')
:::::::'''ƥoltőre''', Eurasian skylark (''Alauda arvensis'')
::::F Hirundinidae – '''ƣelta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''ɔ̋ṡe''', red-rumped swallow (''Cecropis daurica'')
:::::::'''ƣe̋le''', barn swallow (''Hirundo r. rustica'')
:::::::'''ša̋lm̃e''', house martin (''Delichon urbicum'')
::::F Acrocephalidae - '''elta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''e̋le''', Eurasian reed warbler (''Acrocephalus scirpaeceus'')
:::SF Certhioidea - '''f̨ápufta̋im̃a'''
::::F Sittidae - '''f̨apta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''f̨a̋pe''', Eurasian nuthatch (''Sitta europea'')
:::SF Muscicapoidea - '''moxlávufta̋im̃a'''
::::F Muscicapidae - '''móxlafta̋im̃a'''
:::::sF Muscicapinae - '''moxláfnerta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''moxla̋ve''', spotted flycatcher (''Muscicapa striata'')
:::::sF Saxicolinae - '''ám̃eeðta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''am̃e̋e̋de''', nightingale (''Luscinia megarhynchos'')
:::::::'''ɔn̨a̋le''', European robin (''Erithacus rubecula'')
::::F Turdidae - '''mésolta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''kőfse''', blackbird (''Turdus merula'')
:::::::'''mesőle''', song thrush (''Turdus philomelos'')
:::::::'''ṡűge''', mistle thrush (''Turdus viscivorus'')
::::F Sturnidae - '''ternɛta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''te̋rne''', European starling (''Sturnus v. vulgaris'')
:::SF Passeroidea- '''párm̃ufta̋im̃a'''
::::F Passeridae - '''parm̃ɛta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''pa̋rm̃e''' house sparrow (''Passer domesticus'')
:::::::'''pe̋rge''', Eurasian tree sparrow (''Passer montanus'')
:::::::'''tom̃pa̋rm̃e''', snow finch (''Montifringilla nivalis'')
::::F Motacillidae - '''keilta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''ke̋ile''', blue-headed  wagtail (''Motacilla a. alba'')
:::::::'''moota̋ke''', white wagtail (''Motacilla F flava'')
::::F Fringillidae - '''fingɛta̋im̃a'''
:::::sF Fringillinae - '''fíngɛnerta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''fı̋nge''', chaffinch (''Fringilla coelebs'')
:::::::'''n̨a̋nge''', Eurasian bullfinch (''P. pyrrhula'')
:::::::'''reuðfı̋nge''' rosefinch (''Carpodacus erythrinus'')
:::::sF Carduelinae - '''ƥa̋fnerta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''ƥa̋pe''', Eurasian siskin (''Carduelis spinus'')
:::::::'''luskɛfı̋nge''', European goldfinch (''C. carduelis'')
::::F Emberizidae – '''ṡeiƣta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''eelṡe̋iƣe''', corn bunting (''Emberiza calandra'')
:::::::'''ɠorṡe̋iƣe''', common reed bunting (''Emberiza schoeniclus'')
:::::::'''lı̋nte''', snow bunting (''Plectrophenax nivalis'')
:::::::'''pifṡe̋iƣe''', rock bunting (''Emberiza cia'')
:::::::'''ṡe̋iƣe''', yellowhammer (''Emberiza citrinella'')
:::::::'''ṡı̋ṡe''', Lapland longspur (''Calcarius lapponicus'')
:::SF Paroidea - '''ṡɔ́nufta̋im̃a'''
::::F Paridae - '''ṡɔnta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''ȝasṡɔ̋ne''', willow tit (''Poecile montanus'')
:::::::'''kooxṡɔ̋ne''', Eurasian blue tit (''Poecile montanus'')
:::::::'''ṡɔ̋ne''', great tit (''Parus major'')
O Caprimulgiformes - '''haisrénm̃eikőina'''
::::F Caprimulgidae - '''fúúiniivta̋im̃a'''
:::::sF Caprimulginae - '''fuuiníívnerta̋im̃a'''
:::::::'''fuuinı̋ı̋be''', European nightjar (''Caprimulgus europaeus'')




Line 130: Line 500:




==Taxonomic Table==
==Taxonomic Table '''taƣsaar̈a̋s ȝezgı̋ı̋ro'''==
===O. Struthioniformes -  
===O Struthioniformes - '''mezréésmeikőina'''===
*struthioniform, '''mézreesme̋ȝe''' [< '''me̋żi''', great; re̋e̋sa, ''i.v.'' run; '''me̋ȝe''', bird].
*struthioniform, '''mézreesme̋ȝe''' ['''me̋żi''', great; '''re̋e̋sa''', ''i.v.'' run; '''me̋ȝe''', bird]
:::F. Struthionidae -  
:::F Struthionidae -  
::::::001 '''kurűle''', [[Wikipedia:Struthio dmaniensis |ostrich]] (†''Struthio dmaniensis'') [PBas *kur̄V(lo), crane > Viscayan kurrillo, crane]
::::::001 '''kurűle''', [[Wikipedia:Pachystruthio|ostrich]](†''Pachystruthio spp.'') [> [[Wikipedia:Biscayan dialect|Biscayan]] ''<u>kurril</u>lo'', crane]
 
===O. Anseriformes – '''erpéðmeikőina'''===
*anseriform, '''súƣpeðme̋ȝe''' [< '''sűgo''', oar; '''pe̋do''', foot; '''me̋ȝe''', bird].
:::F. Anatidae - '''kuuƣta̋im̃a'''


::::sF. Anserinae - '''kúúƣnerta̋im̃a'''
===O Anseriformes – '''erpéðmeikőina'''===
:::::T. Cygnini - '''kuuƣða̋a̋ma'''
*anseriform, '''súƣpeðm̃e̋ȝe''' ['''sűgo''', oar; '''pe̋do''', foot; '''m̃e̋ȝe''', bird]
::::::001 '''kűűge''', giant swan (†''Cygnus falconeri'') [PAlt ''*kū̀gù'', swan > Turkish ''<u>koɣ</u>u'', swan].
:::F Anatidae - '''kuuƣta̋im̃a'''
::::::002 '''hőlve''', mute swan (''Cygnus olor'') [PIE ''*g'holvj-'', swan > ?].
::::::''cpd'' '''konhőlve''', black swan (''Chenopis atratus'') [< '''koni''', ''adj.'' black].
::::::''cpd'' '''konkűże''', black-necked swan (''Sthenelides melancoryphus'') [< '''koni''', ''adj.'' black; '''kűże''', neck].
::::::003 '''e̋lm̨̃e''', whooper swan (''Olor cygnus'') [PIE ''*elwj-'', swan > Latin ''<u>ol</u>or'', swan].
::::::''cpd'' '''m̃ese̋lm̨̃e''', trumpeter swan (''Olor buccinator'') [< '''m̃e̋sa''', west].
::::::004 '''alve̋de''', tundra swan (''Olor bewickii'') [PIE ''*Albhe(n)d-'', swan > Lithuanian ''<u>balañd</u>i-s'', dove].
::::::''cpd'' '''m̃ésalve̋de''', whistling swan (''Olor columbianus'') [< '''m̃e̋sa''', west].
::::::''cpd'' '''żoke̋lm̨̃e''' coscoroba swan (''C. coscoroba'') [< '''żóki''', ''adv.'' almost].
:::::T. Anserini - '''hánsĕða̋a̋ma'''
::::::005 '''ga̋a̋re''', taiga bean goose (''Anser fabalis'') [PAlt ''*gā̀ŕV'', wild goose > Turkish ''<u>kaz</u>'', goose].
::::::006 '''k̨uȝı̋le''', white-fronted goose (''Anser albifrons'') [?].
::::::007 '''ha̋nse''', graylag goose (''A. anser'') [PIE ''*g'hans-'', goose > English <u>goos</u>e].
::::::008 '''lűnte''', red-breasted goose (''Branta ruficollis'') [PUr ''*lunta'', wild goose > Hungarian ''<u>lűd</u>'', wild goose].
::::::009 '''ka̋nge''', snow goose (''Chen caerulescens'') [PEsk ''*kaŋ(r)u'', polar goose > Yupik ''<u>kaŋ</u>uq'', snow goose].
::::sF. Tadorninae – '''ƣándĕnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::010 '''ƣa̋nde''' common shelduck (''T. tadorna'') [PIE ''*ghand-'', k. of waterfowl > English <u>gannet</u>].
::::::011 '''þ̨a̋xe''', ruddy shelduck (''Tadorna ferruginea'') [PAlt ''*t`i̯àk`à'', duck > Old Japanese ''<u>tak</u>abe'', teal].


::::sF. Anatinae - '''nááþnerta̋im̃a'''
::::sF Anserinae - '''kúúƣnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::012 '''a̋a̋ibe''', pintail duck (''Anas acuta'') [PAlt ''*ā̀jbi'', k. of duck > Turkish ''<u>ör</u>dek'', duck].
:::::T Cygnini - '''kuuƣða̋a̋ma'''
::::::013 '''take̋ste''' northern shoveler (''Anas clypea'') [?].
::::::002 '''alve̋de''', tundra swan (''Olor bewickii'') [> Lithuanian ''<u>balañd</u>is'', dove]
::::::014 '''pǫ̋ȝe''', garganey (''Anas querquedula'') [?].
::::::003 '''e̋lm̨̃e''', whooper swan (''C. cygnus'') [> Latin ''<u>ol</u>or'', swan]
::::::015 '''na̋a̋te''', mallard (''Anas platyrhynchos'') [PIE ''*anët'', duck > German ''<u>Ent</u>e'', duck].
::::::004 '''hőlve''', mute swan (''Cygnus olor'') [> Lithuanian ''<u>gulb</u>is'']
::::::016 '''ɠa̋le''', Eurasian widgeon (''Anas penelope'') [PAlt ''*gi̯ằlá'', duck > Japanese ''<u>kár</u>i'', goose].
::::::''cpd'' '''konhőlve''', {{Color|red|black swan}} (''Chenopis atratus'') ['''koni''', ''adj.'' black]
::::::''cpd'' '''konkűże''', {{Color|red|black-necked swan}} (''Sthenelides melancoryphus'') ['''koni''', ''adj.'' black; '''kűże''', neck]
::::::005 '''kűűge''', giant swan (†''Cygnus falconeri'') [> Turkish ''<u>koɣ</u>u'', swan]
::::::''cpd'' '''m̃ésalve̋de''', {{Color|red|whistling swan}} (''Olor columbianus'') ['''m̃e̋sa''', west]
::::::''cpd'' '''m̃ese̋lm̨̃e''', {{Color|red|trumpeter swan}} (''Olor buccinator'') ['''m̃e̋sa''', west]
::::::''cpd'' '''żoke̋lm̨̃e''' {{Color|red|coscoroba swan}} (''C. coscoroba'') ['''żóki''', ''adv.'' almost]
:::::T Anserini - '''hánsɛða̋a̋ma'''
::::::006 '''ga̋a̋re''', taiga bean goose (''Anser fabalis'') [> Turkish ''<u>kaz</u>'', goose]
::::::007 '''ha̋nse''', graylag goose (''A. anser'') [> English <u>goos</u>e]
::::::008 '''ka̋nge''', {{Color|red|snow goose}} (''Chen caerulescens'') [> [[Wikipedia:Yupik languages|Yupik]] ''<u>kaŋ</u>uq'', snow goose]
::::::009 '''k̨uȝı̋le''', {{Color|red|white-fronted goose}} (''Anser albifrons'')
::::::010 '''lűnte''', red-breasted goose (''Branta ruficollis'') [> Hungarian ''<u>lűd</u>'', wild goose]
::::sF Tadorninae – '''ƣándɛnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::011 '''ƣa̋nde''' ruddy shelduck (''Tadorna ferruginea'') [> English <u>gannet</u>]
::::::012 '''þ̨a̋xe''', common shelduck (''T. tadorna'') [> Old Japanese ''<u>tak</u>abe'', teal]
::::sF Anatinae - '''nááþnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::013 '''a̋a̋ibe''', pintail duck (''Anas acuta'') [> Turkish ''<u>ör</u>dek'', duck]
::::::014 '''ɠa̋le''', Eurasian widgeon (''Anas penelope'') [> Japanese がん ''<u>kár</u>i'', goose]
::::::015 '''na̋a̋te''', mallard (''Anas platyrhynchos'') [> German ''<u>Ent</u>e'', duck]
::::::016 '''pɔ̋ȝe''', garganey (''Anas querquedula'').
::::::017 '''take̋ste''' northern shoveler (''Anas clypea'').
::::sF Aythyinae - '''báðnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::018 '''ba̋de''', tufted duck (''Aythya fuligula'') [> Mongolian ''<u>böd</u>üne'', quail]
::::::019 '''me̋ðge''', common pochard (''Aythya ferina'') [> English <u>merg</u>anser]
::::::020 '''ṡőðke''', greater scaup (''Aythya marila'').


::::sF. Aythyinae - '''báðnerta̋im̃a'''
::::sF Merginae – '''ééþnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::017 '''ba̋de''', tufted duck (''Aythya fuligula'') [PAlt ''bădo'', k. of bird > Mongolian ''<u>böd</u>üne'', quail].
::::::021 '''anga̋te''', common scoter (''Melanitta nigra'')
::::::018 '''ṡőðke''', greater scaup (''Aythya marila'').
::::::022 '''e̋e̋te''', common eider (''Somateria mollissima'') [> English <u>eid</u>er]
::::::019 '''me̋ðge''', common pochard (''Aythya ferina'') [PIE ''*medg-'', pochard > English <u>merg</u>anser].
::::::023 '''m̃a̋iṡe''', velvet scoter (''Melanitta fusca'') [> Estonian ''<u>vais</u>'', scoter]
::::::024 '''sőðke''', long-tailed duck (''Clangula hyemalis'') [> Finnish ''<u>sotk</u>a'', any bird of the genus ''Aytha'']
::::::025 '''ta̋a̋re''', merganser (''Mergus merganser'')


::::sF. Merginae – '''ééþnerta̋im̃a'''
===O Galliformes - '''talpááþmeikőina'''===
::::::020 '''e̋e̋te''', common eider (''Somateria mollissima'') [PIE ''*ēt-'', k. of waterfowl > English <u>eid</u>er].
*galliform, '''tálpaaþme̋ȝe''' ['''ta̋le''', ground; '''pa̋a̋ta''', ''i.v.'' feed; '''me̋ȝe''', bird]
::::::021 '''anga̋te''', common scoter (''Melanitta nigra''). [?].
::SF Phasianoidea - '''reekínufta̋im̃a'''
::::::022 '''m̃a̋iṡe''', velvet scoter (''Melanitta fusca'') [PUr ''*wajće'', k. of duck > Estonian ''<u>vais</u>'', scoter].
:::F Phasianidae - '''réékinta̋im̃a'''
::::::023 '''ta̋a̋re''', merganser (''Mergus merganser'') [?].
::::sF Coturnicinae - '''reekín̈erta̋im̃a'''
::::::024 '''sőðke''', long-tailed duck (''Clangula hyemalis'') [PUr ''*śoδka'', k. of duck > Finnish ''<u>sotk</u>a'', any bird of the genus ''Aytha''].
::::::026 '''reekı̋ne''', common quail (''C. coturnix'')


===O. Galliformes - '''talpááþmeikőina'''===
::::sF Pavoninae – '''namílnerta̋im̃a'''
*galliform, '''tálpaaþme̋ȝe''' [< '''ta̋le''', ground; '''pa̋a̋ta''', ''i.v.'' feed; '''me̋ȝe''', bird].
::::::027 '''namı̋le''', peacock (''Pavo bravardi'') [> [[Wikipedia:Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>ñamal</u>i'', peacock]
::SF. Phasianoidea - '''reekínufta̋im̃a'''
:::F. Phasianidae - '''réékinta̋im̃a'''
::::sF. Coturnicinae - '''reekín̈erta̋im̃a'''
::::::025 '''reekı̋ne''', common quail (''C. coturnix'') [PIE ''*rakin-'', quail > ?].


::::sF. Pavoninae – '''namílnerta̋im̃a'''
::::sF Gallininae - '''káxnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::026 '''namı̋le''', peafowl (''Pavo cristatus'') [PDrav ''*ńamil-'', peacock > Tamil ''<u>ñamal</u>i'', peacock].
::::::028 '''ka̋ke''', {{Color|red|chicken}} (''Gallus spp.'')


::::sF. Gallininae - '''káxnerta̋im̃a'''
::::sF Meleagridinae - '''ziɫníívnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::027 '''ka̋ke''', chicken (''Gallus spp.'') [?].
::::::''cpd'' '''ziɫnı̋ı̋ve''', {{Color|red|turkey}} (''Meleagris gallopavo'') ['''zı̋ɫo''', wattle; '''nı̋ı̋bo''', bill]


::::sF. Meleagridinae - '''ziɫníívnerta̋im̃a'''
::::sF Perdicinae - '''m̃ortóxnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::''cpd'' '''ziɫnı̋ı̋ve''', turkey (''Meleagris gallopavo'') [< '''zı̋ɫo''', wattle; '''nı̋ı̋bo''', bill].
::::::029 '''ka̋ure''', chukar (''Alectoris chukar'') [> Sanskrit चकोर  ''ca<u>kőr</u>a-'', chukar]
::::::030 '''m̃ortőke''', Eastern grey partridge (''P. perdix lucida'') [> Sanskrit वर्तक ''<u>vartak</u>a-'', quail]


::::sF. Perdicinae - '''m̃ortóxnerta̋im̃a'''
::::sF Tetraoninae - '''réuvnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::028 '''m̃ortőke''', Eastern grey partridge (''P. perdix lucida'') [PIE ''*wort-Vk-'', quail > Sanskrit ''<u>vartak</u>a-'', quail].
::::::031 '''aka̋rƣe''', willow ptarmigan (''L. lagopus'')
::::::029 '''ka̋ure''', chukar (''Alectoris chukar'') [PIE ''*kAur-'', pheasant > Sanskrit ''ca<u>kőr</u>a-'', chukar].
::::::032 '''ere̋mbe''', hazel grouse (''Tetrastes bonasia'') [> German ''<u>Reb</u>huhn'', hazel grouse]
::::::033 '''kopa̋le''', Caucasian grouse (''Tetrao mlokosiewiczi'') [> Finnish ''<u>koppel</u>o'', female capercaillie]
::::::034 '''pı̋pe''', black grouse (''Tetrao tetrix'') [> Lithuanian ''<u>píep</u>ala'', quail]
::::::035 '''re̋ube''', rock ptarmigan (''Lagopus muta'') [> Danish ''<u>rẏp</u>e'', rock ptarmigan]
::::::036 '''tete̋rm̃e''', capercaillie (''Tetrao urogallus'') [> Danish ''<u>tjur</u>'', capercaillie]


::::sF. Tetraoninae - '''réuvnerta̋im̃a'''
::::sF Phasianinae - '''kokóvnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::030 '''aka̋rƣe''', willow ptarmigan (''L. lagopus'') [?].
::::::037 '''kokőbe''', Caucasus pheasant (''Phasianus colchicus'') [> Georgian ხოხობი ''<u>xoxob</u>i'']
::::::031 '''re̋ube''', rock ptarmigan (''Lagopus muta'') [PIE ''*reub-'', partridge > Danish ''<u>rẏp</u>e'', rock ptarmigan].
::::::038 '''kűxre''', Caucasus snowcock (''Tetraogallus caucasicus'')
::::::032 '''ge̋rke''', black grouse (''Tetrao tetrix'') [?].
::::::033 '''tete̋rm̃e''', capercaillie (''Tetrao urogallus'') [PIE *teterw-, grouse >
    Danish ''<u>tjur</u>'', capercaillie].
::::::034 '''kopa̋le''', Caucasian grouse (''Tetrao mlokosiewiczi'') [PUr ''*kopala'', black hen > Finnish ''<u>koppel</u>o'', capercaillie].
::::::035 '''ere̋mbe''', hazel grouse (''Tetrastes bonasia'') [PIE ''*eremb-'', hazel grouse > German ''<u>Reb</u>huhn'', hazel grouse].


::::sF. Phasianinae - kokóvnerta̋im̃a
::::::036 '''kokőbe''', Caucasus pheasant (''Phasianus colchicus'') PKart ? > Georgian ''<u>xoxob-</u>''].
::::::037 '''kűxre''', Caucasus snowcock (''Tetraogallus caucasicus'') [?].


===O Podicipediformes - '''laavpéðmeikőina'''===
*podicipediform, '''láávpeðme̋ȝe''' ['''la̋a̋bo''', lobe; '''pe̋do''', foot; '''me̋ȝe''', bird]
:::F Podicipedidae - '''nɔnta̋im̃a'''
::::::039 '''kűȝe''', horned grebe (''Podiceps auritus'') [> Korean 거위 ''<u>geow</u>i'', domestic goose]
::::::040 '''nɔ̋ne''', crested grebe (''Podiceps cristatus'')


===O. Podicipediformes - '''laavpéðmeikőina'''===
*podicipediform, '''láávpeðme̋ȝe''' [< '''la̋a̋bo''', lobe; '''pe̋do''', foot; '''me̋ȝe''', bird].
:::F. Podicipedidae - '''nǫnta̋im̃a'''
::::::038 '''nǫ̋ne''', crested grebe (''Podiceps cristatus'') [?].
::::::039 '''kűȝe''', horned grebe (''Podiceps auritus'') [PAlt ''*kúja'', aquatic bird  > Korean ''<u>kǝw</u>i'', domestic goose].


===O Phoenicopteriformes - n̨oolfúnmeikőina===
*phoenicopteriform, '''láávpeðme̋ȝe''' ['''n̨őőli''', ''adj.'' pink; '''fűno''', feather '''me̋ȝe''', bird]
:::F Phoenicopteridae - '''n̨oolgéranta̋im̃a'''
::::::''cpd'' '''n̨óólgera̋ne''' {{Color|red|greater flamingo}} (''Phoenicopterus roseus'') ['''n̨őőli''', ''adj.'' pink; '''gera̋ne''', crane]


===O. Phoenicopteriformes - '''n̨oolfúnmeikőina'''===
*phoenicopteriform, '''láávpeðme̋ȝe''' [< '''n̨őőli''', ''adj.'' pink; '''fűno''', feather me̋ȝe''', bird].
:::F. Phoenicopteridae - '''n̨oolgéranta̋im̃a'''
::::::''cpd'' '''n̨óólgera̋ne''' {{Color|red|greater flamingo}} (''Phoenicopterus roseus'') [< '''n̨őőli''', ''adj.'' pink; '''gera̋ne''', crane].


===O Columbiformes - voiðs̨úúþmeikőina===
*columbiform, '''vóiðs̨uuþme̋ȝe''' ['''vőido''', crop; '''s̨űűþo''', milk; '''me̋ȝe''', bird]
:::F Columbidae - '''álunta̋im̃a'''
::::sF Columbinae - '''alún̈erta̋im̃a'''
::::::041 '''alűne''', rock dove (''Columba l. livia'')
::::::''cpd'' '''deeltűrte''', collared dove (''Streptopelia decaocto'') ['''de̋e̋lo''', collar]
::::::042 '''kolőmbe''', stock dove (''Columba oenas'') [> English <u>columb</u>ine]
::::::043 '''pelőnve''', European wood pigeon (''Columba p. palumbus'') [> English <u>palom</u>ino]
::::::044 '''tűrte''', turtle dove (''Streptopelia turtur'') [> English <u>turt</u>ledove]


===O. Columbiformes - '''voiðs̨úúþmeikőina'''===
*columbiform, '''vóiðs̨uuþme̋ȝe''' [< '''vőido''', crop; '''s̨űűþo''', milk; '''me̋ȝe''', bird].
:::F. Columbidae - '''álunta̋im̃a'''
::::sF. Columbinae - '''alún̈erta̋im̃a'''
::::::040 '''alűne''', rock dove (''Columba l. livia'') [PIE *''alǝun'', dove > ?].
::::::041 '''pelőnve''', European wood pigeon (''Columba p. palumbus'') [PIE ''*plonv-'', wood dove > English <u>palom</u>ino].
::::::042 '''kolőmbe''', stock dove (''Columba oenas'') [PIE ''*kolomb-'', pigeon > English <u>columb</u>ine].
::::::043 '''tűrte''', turtle dove (''Streptopelia turtur'') [PIE ''*turt-'', turtledove > English <u>turt</u>ledove].
::::::''cpd'' '''deeltűrte''', collared dove (''Streptopelia decaocto'') [< '''de̋e̋lo''', collar].


===O Apodiformes - pinpéðm̃eikőina===
*apodiform, '''pínpeðm̃e̋ȝe''' ['''pı̋ni''', ''adj.'' small; '''pe̋do''', foot; '''me̋ȝe''', bird]
:::F Apodidae – '''ƣelta̋im̃a'''
::::::045 '''ƣe̋le''', common swift (''A. apus'')


===O. Apodiformes - '''pinpéðm̃eikőina'''===
:::F Trochilidae - '''šérforta̋im̃a'''
*apodiform, '''pínpeðm̃e̋ȝe''' [< '''pı̋ni''', ''adj.'' small; '''pe̋do''', foot; '''me̋ȝe''', bird].
::::::''cpd'' '''nanpa̋a̋þle''', hummingbird (†''Eurotrochilus  inexpectatus'') ['''na̋a̋no''', flower; '''pa̋a̋ta''', feed; -l, ''agent'']
:::F. Apodidae – '''ƣelta̋im̃a'''
::::::044 '''ƣe̋le''', common swift (''A. apus'') [?].


:::F. Trochilidae - '''šérforta̋im̃a'''
::::::''cpd'' '''šerfőre''', hummingbird (†''Eurotrochilus  inexpectatus'') [< '''še̋ro''', hum; '''főre''', wing].


===O Cuculiformes - antóólm̃eikőina===
*cuculiform, '''ántoolm̃e̋ȝe''' ['''ani''', ''adj.'' other; '''tőőla''', ''i.v.'' lay an egg; '''me̋ȝe''', bird]
:::F Cuculidae - '''koukta̋im̃a'''
::::::046 '''kőuke''', common cuckoo (''Cuculus canrus'') [> English <u>cuck</u>oo]


===O. Cuculiformes - '''antóólm̃eikőina'''===
*cuculiform, '''ántoolm̃e̋ȝe''' [< '''ani''', ''adj.'' other; '''tőőla''', ''i.v.'' lay an egg; '''me̋ȝe''', bird].
:::F. Cuculidae - '''koukta̋im̃a'''
::::::045 '''kőuke''', common cuckoo (''Cuculus canrus'') [PIE ''*kouk-'', cuckoo > English <u>cuck</u>oo].


===O Gruiformes - m̃ááðm̃eikőina===
*gruiform, '''m̃aaðm̃e̋ȝe''' ['''m̃a̋a̋ða''', ''t.v.'' wade; '''me̋ȝe''', bird]
sO Ralli - '''m̃aaðm̃éinerkőina'''
:::F Rallidae - '''k̨ofta̋im̃a'''
::::::047 '''k̨őpe''', water rail (''Rallus aquaticus'') [> Japanese くいな ''<u>kui</u>na'', water rail]
::::::048 '''þa̋re''', corncrake (''C. crex'') [> Kirghiz ''<u>tar</u>tar'', corncrake]
::::::049 '''velı̋ke''', coot (''Fulica atra'') [> Latin ''<u>fulic</u>a'', coot]


===O. Gruiformes - '''m̃ááðm̃eikőina'''===
sO Grui - '''gerán̈erkőina'''
*gruiform, '''m̃aaðm̃e̋ȝe''' [< '''m̃a̋a̋ða''', ''t.v.'' wade; '''me̋ȝe''', bird].
:::F Gruidae - '''géranta̋im̃a'''
sO. Ralli - '''m̃aaðm̃éinerkőina'''
::::sF Gruinae - '''gerán̈erta̋im̃a'''
:::F. Rallidae - '''k̨ofta̋im̃a'''
::::::050 '''gera̋ne''', common crane (''G. grus'') [> English <u>cran</u>e]
::::::046 '''velı̋ke''', coot (''Fulica atra'') [PIE ''*volik'', coot > Latin ''<u>fulic</u>a'', coot].
::::::051 '''nűƣne''', demoiselle crane (''Anthropoides virgo'') [> Korean ''<u>nǝ̄s</u>ä'', bustard]
::::::047 '''k̨őpe''', water rail (''Rallus aquaticus'') [PAlt ''*ki̯òpù '' k. of aquatic bird > Japanese ''<u>kui</u>na'', water rail].
::::sF Balericinae - '''kulúrnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::048 '''þa̋re''', corncrake (''C. crex'') [PAlt *t`ar;  > Kirghiz ''<u>tar</u>tar'', corncrake].
::::::052 '''kulűri''', crowned crane (''Balearica rummeli'') [> [[Wikipedia:Duruwa language|Parji]] ''<u>kulur</u>'', ''a kind of crane''
sO. Grui - '''gerán̈erkőina'''
:::F Otididae - '''kórkosta̋im̃a'''
::::::053 '''korkőse''', great bustard (''Otis tarda'')


:::F. Gruidae - '''géranta̋im̃a'''
::::::049 '''gera̋ne''', common crane (''G. grus'') [PIE ''*geran-'', crane > English <u>cran</u>e].
::::::050 '''nűƣne''', demoiselle crane [''Anthropoides virgo'' [PAlt *ńugńa, goose > Korean ''<u>nǝ̄s</u>ä'', bustard].


:::F. Otididae - '''kórkosta̋im̃a'''
===O Gaviiformes - ðúúfm̃eikőina===
::::::051 '''korkőse''', great bustard (''Otis tarda'') [PIE ?].
*gaviiform, '''ðuufm̃e̋ȝe''' ['''ðűűpa''', ''i.v.'' wade; '''me̋ȝe''', bird]
:::F Gaviidae - '''axta̋im̃a'''
::::::054 '''a̋xe''', common loon (''Gavia immer'') [> [[Wikipedia:Tungusic languages|Tungusic]] ''<u>aKa</u>'', loon]
::::::055 '''k̨a̋me''', red-throated loon (''Gavia stellata'')
::::::056 '''sűge''', white-billed diver, yellow-billed loon (''Gavia adamsii'') [> Japanese サギ ''<u>ság</u>i'', heron]
::::::057 '''tőxte''', black-throated diver, Arctic loon (''Gavia arctica'') [> Finnish ''<u>toht</u>oja'', black-throated loon]




===O. Gaviiformes - '''ðúúfm̃eikőina'''===
===O Sphenisciformes - šemfórm̃eikőina===
*gaviiform, '''ðuufm̃e̋ȝe''' [< '''ðűűpa''', i.v. wade; '''me̋ȝe''', bird].
*sphenisciform, '''šémform̃e̋ȝe''' ['''še̋ma''', ''i.v.'' swim; '''főro''', wing; '''me̋ȝe''', bird]
:::F. Gaviidae - '''axta̋im̃a'''
:::F Spheniscidae '''d̨aƣm̃e̋ȝe''', {{Color|red|penguin spp.}} ['''d̨a̋ƣe''', fish; '''m̃e̋ȝe''', bird]
::::::053 '''tőxte''', black-throated diver, Arctic loon (''Gavia arctica'') [PUr *tokta, k. of duck > Finnish ''<u>toht</u>oja'', black-throated loon].
::::::054 '''a̋xe''', common loon (''Gavia immer '') [PAlt ''*ak`a-'', k. of aquatic bird > Tung. ''<u>*aKa</u>'', loon].
::::::055 '''sűge''', white-billed diver, yellow-billed loon (''Gavia adamsii'') [PAlt ''*sugá'', k. of waterbird > Japanese ''<u>ság</u>i'', heron].
::::::056 '''k̨a̋me''', red-throated loon (''Gavia stellata'') [?].




===O. Sphenisciformes - '''šemfórm̃eikőina'''===
===O Ciconiiformes - meznı̋ı̋vm̃eikőina===
*sphenisciform, '''šémform̃e̋ȝe''' [< še̋ma, i.v. swim; '''főro''', wing; '''me̋ȝe''', bird].
*ciconiiform, '''mézniivm̃e̋ȝe''' ['''me̋żi''', ''adj.'' great; '''nı̋ı̋bo''', bill; '''m̃e̋ȝe''', bird]
:::F. Spheniscidae '''d̨aƣm̃e̋ȝe''', {{Color|red|penguin spp.}} [< '''d̨a̋ƣe''', fish; '''m̃e̋ȝe''', bird].
:::F Ciconiidae - '''sɔzta̋im̃a'''
::::::058 '''sɔ̋że''', white stork (''C. ciconia'') [> English <u>stork</u>]
::::::059 '''ṡikőőne''', black stork (''Ciconia nigra'') [> Latin ''<u>cicon</u>ia'', stork]




===O. Ciconiiformes - '''meznı̋ı̋vm̃eikőina'''===
===O Pelecaniformes - vɪnasȝámm̃eikőina===
*ciconiiform, '''mézniivm̃e̋ȝe''' [< '''me̋żi''', ''adj.'' great; '''nı̋ı̋bo''', bill; '''m̃e̋ȝe''', bird].
*pelecaniform, '''vɪnásȝamm̃e̋ȝe''' ['''vɪ-''', ''privative prefix''; '''na̋so''', nose; '''ȝa̋mo''', hole; '''me̋ȝe''', bird]
:::F. Ciconiidae - '''sǫzta̋im̃a'''
:::F Ardeidae - '''rooðta̋im̃a'''
::::::057 '''sǫ̋że''', white stork (''C. ciconia'') [PIE *sr̥ǵos > ?].
::::sF Botaurinae - '''astérnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::058 '''ṡikőőne''', black stork (''Ciconia nigra'') [PIE ''*k'Vkōn-'', yelling bird  > Latin ''<u>cicon</u>ia'', stork].
::::::060 '''aste̋re''', Eurasian bittern (''Botaurus stellaris'') [> Old Greek ''<u>αστερ</u>ίας'', B. stellaris]
::::::061 '''űűpe''', little bittern (''Ixobrychus m. minutus'') [> Old English ''<u>ūf</u>'', owl]
::::sF Ardeinae - '''róóðnerða̋ma'''
::::::062 '''ɫexle̋ke''', black-crowned heron (''N. nycticorax'') [> Turkish ''<u>leylek</u>'', stork]
::::::063 '''rőőde''' common heron (''Ardea cinerea'') [> Latin ''<u>ard</u>ea'', heron]


:::F Pelecanidae - '''karmɛta̋im̃a'''
::::::064 '''ka̋rme''', Dalmatian pelican (''Pelecanus crispus'') [> [[Wikipedia:Middle Turkic languages|Karakhanid]] ''<u>qor</u>day'', pelican]


===O. Pelecaniformes - '''vĭnasȝámm̃eikőina'''===
:::F Threskiornithidae - '''ɫériinta̋im̃a'''
*pelecaniform, '''vĭnásȝamm̃e̋ȝe''' [< '''vĭ-''', ''privative prefix''; '''na̋so''', nose; '''ȝa̋mo''', hole; '''me̋ȝe''', bird].
::::::''cpd'' '''keilnı̋ı̋be''', common spoonbill (''Platalea leucorodia'') ['''keilo''', spoon; '''nı̋ı̋bo''', bill]
:::F. Ardeidae - '''rooðta̋im̃a'''
::::::065 '''ɫerı̋ı̋ne''', northern bald ibis (''Geronticus eremita'').
::::sF. Botaurinae - '''astérnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::059 '''űűpe''', little bittern (''Ixobrychus m. minutus'') [PIE ''ūp-'', bittern > Old English ''<u>ūf</u>'', owl].
::::::060 '''aste̋re''', Eurasian bittern (''Botaurus stellaris'') [PIE ''*aster-'', k. of bird > Old Greek ''<u>αστερ</u>ίας'', B. stellaris].
::::sF. Ardeinae - '''róóðnerða̋ma'''
::::::061 '''rőőde''' common heron (''Ardea cinerea'') [PIE ''*(e)rod-'', heron > Latin ''<u>ard</u>ea'', heron].
::::::062 '''lexle̋ke''', black-crowned heron (''N. nycticorax'') [PAlt *ĺekleKV, k. of aquatic bird > Turkish ''<u>leglek</u>'', stork].


:::F. Pelecanidae - '''karmĕta̋im̃a'''
:::F Sulidae - '''ƣandɛta̋im̃a'''
::::::063 '''ka̋rme''', Dalmatian pelican (''Pelecanus crispus'') [PAlt ''*karmo'', k. of aquatic bird  > Karakhanid ''<u>qor</u>day'', pelican].
::::::066 '''ƣa̋nde''', Northern gannet (''Morus bassanus'') [> English <u>gannet</u>]


:::F. Threskiornithidae - '''ɫériinta̋im̃a'''
:::F Phalacrocoracidae - '''korkɛta̋im̃a'''
::::::064 '''ɫerı̋ı̋ne''', northern bald ibis (''Geronticus eremita'').
::::::067 '''kőrke''', great cormorant (''Phalacrocorax carbo'') [> [[Wikipedia:Sámi languages|Sami]], ''<u>goarg</u>ga'', puffin]
::::::''cpd'' '''keilnı̋ı̋be''', common spoonbill (''Platalea leucorodia'') [< '''keilo''',  spoon; '''nı̋ı̋bo''', bill].
::::::''cpd'' '''suunkőrke''', common shag (''Phalacrocorax aristotelis'') ['''sűűno''', crest]


:::F. Sulidae - ƣandĕta̋im̃a
::::::065 '''ƣa̋nde''', Northern gannet (''Morus bassanus'') [PIE ''*ghand-'', k. of waterfowl > English <u>gannet</i>].


:::F. Phalacrocoracidae - '''korkĕta̋im̃a'''
===O Charadriiformes - k̨úðm̃eikőina===
::::::066 '''kőrke''', great cormorant (''Phalacrocorax carbo'') [PUr ''*korkV'', k. of wild duck > Sami, ''<u>goarg</u>ga'', puffin].
*chardriiform, '''k̨uðm̃e̋ȝe''' ['''k̨udo''', shore; '''m̃e̋ȝe''', bird]
::::::''cpd'' '''suunkőrke''', common shag (''Phalacrocorax aristotelis'') [< '''sűűno''', crest].
sO Scolopaci - '''k̨uðm̃éinerkőina'''
:::F Scolopacidae - '''k̨urta̋im̃a'''
::::::068 '''k̨űre''', Eurasian woodcock (''Scolopax rusticola'')
::::::069 '''le̋nge''' black-tailed godwit (''L. limosa'')
::::::''cpd'' '''reuðsı̋nge''', spotted redshank (''Tringa erythropus'')
::::::070 '''ṡűlṡe''' sanderling (''Calidris alba'')
::::::071 '''tı̋ṡe''' common snipe (''G. gallinago'')
::::::072 '''t̨ı̋te''' Eurasian curlew (''Numenius arquatus'')


sO Lari - '''póinerkőina'''
:::F Laridae - '''poita̋im̃a'''
::::::073 '''ka̋ȝe''', {{Color|red|herring gull}} (''Larus argentatus'')
::::::074 '''me̋m̃e''', {{Color|red|mew, common gull}} (''Larus canus'') [> English ''<u>mew</u>'']
::::::075 '''naƣűȝe''', {{Color|red|black-headed gull}} (''Chroicocephalus ridibundus'') [> [[Wikipedia:Iñupiat languages|Inupik]] ''<u>nauja</u>q'', seagull]
::::::076 '''pőȝe''', Caspian gull (''Larus cachinnans'') [> Hungarian ''<u>fú</u>'', k. of duck]


===O. Charadriiformes - '''k̨úðm̃eikőina'''===
sO Charadrii - '''k̨uȝílnerkőina'''
*chardriiform, '''k̨uðm̃e̋ȝe''' [< '''k̨udo''', shore; '''m̃e̋ȝe''', bird].
:::F Charadriidae - '''k̨úȝilta̋im̃a'''
sO. Scolopaci - '''k̨uðm̃éinerkőina'''
::::::077 '''k̨uȝı̋le''', Eurasian golden plover (''Pluvialis apricaria'') [> Japanese ケリ *''<u>ker</u>i'', lapwing]
:::F. Scolopacidae - '''k̨urta̋im̃a'''
::::::078 '''nűƣne''', Northern lapwing (''V. vanellus'')
::::::067 '''t̨ı̋te''' Eurasian curlew (''Numenius arquatus'') [?].
::::::068 '''tı̋ṡe''' common snipe (''G. gallinago'').
::::::069 '''k̨űre''', Eurasian woodcock (''Scolopax rusticola'') [?].
::::::070 '''ṡűlṡe''' sanderling (''Calidris alba'') [?].
::::::''cpd'' '''reuðsı̋nge''', spotted redshank (''Tringa erythropus'') [?].
::::::070 '''le̋nge''' black-tailed godwit (''L. limosa'') [?].


:::F Haematopodidae - '''voovta̋im̃a'''
::::::079 '''vőőve''', oystercatcher (''Haematopus ostralegus'').


sO. Lari - '''póinerkőina'''
:::F Recurvirostridae - '''n̨óól̤axta̋im̃a'''
:::F. Laridae - '''poita̋im̃a'''
::::::''cpd'' '''n̨ool̤a̋ke''', black-winged stilt (''H. himantopus'') ['''n̨őőli''', ''adj.'' pink; '''la̋ko''', leg]
::::::071 '''me̋m̃e''', {{Color|red|mew, common gull}} (''Larus canus'') [PIE ? > English ''<u>mew</u>''].
::::::072 '''ka̋ȝe''', {{Color|red|herring gull}} (''Larus argentatus'') [?].
::::::073 '''pőȝe''', Caspian gull (''Larus cachinnans'') [PUr ''*pOjV'', k. of aquatic bird > Hungarian ''<u>fú</u>'', k. of duck].
::::::074 '''naƣűȝe''', {{Color|red|black-headed gull}} (''Chroicocephalus ridibundus'') [PEsk ''*ńaʁuja-'', gull > Inupik ''<u>nauja</u>q'', seagull].


sO. Charadrii - '''k̨uȝílnerkőina'''
:::F. Charadriidae - '''k̨úȝilta̋im̃a'''
::::::075 '''k̨uȝı̋le''', Eurasian golden plover (''Pluvialis apricaria '') [PAlt ''*ki̯ujilV'', k.of bird > Japanese ''*<u>ker</u>i'', plover].
::::::076 '''nűƣne''', Northern lapwing (''V. vanellus'') [PEsk ?].


:::F. Haematopodidae - '''voovta̋im̃a'''
===O Falconiformes - ahgémm̃eikőina===
::::::077 '''vőőve''', oystercatcher (''Haematopus ostralegus'').
*falconiform, '''áhgemm̃e̋ȝe''' ['''a̋ha''', day; '''gema''', ''t.v.'' prey  upon; '''m̃e̋ȝe''', bird]
:::F Falconidae - '''árgifta̋im̃a'''
::::::080 '''argı̋pe''', gyrfalcon (''Falco rusticolus'')
::::::081 '''ɠőixe''', common kestrel (''Falco tinnunculus'') [> Old Turkish ''<u>kek</u>ẏk'', bird of prey]
::::::''drv'' '''ɠőixke''' lesser kestrel (''Falso naumanni'')  ['''-ke''', ''diminutive suffix'']
::::::082 '''iþı̋ke''' Eurasian hobby (''Falco subbuteo'') [> Mongolian ''<u>itaɣ</u>u'', falcon]
::::::083 '''ṡa̋ske''', Eurasian merlin (''Falco aesalon'')


:::F. Recurvirostridae - '''n̨óól̤axta̋im̃a'''
:::F Pandionidae - '''gasta̋im̃a'''
::::::''cpd'' '''n̨ool̤a̋ke''', black-winged stilt (''H. himantopus'') [< '''n̨őőli''', ''adj.'' pink; '''la̋ko''', leg].
::::::084 '''ga̋se''', osprey (''Pandion haliaëtus'') [> Evenki ''<u>gus</u>'', eagle]


:::F Accipitridae - '''muirta̋im̃a'''
::::sF Accipitrinae- '''gíðnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::085 '''ara̋ne''' white-tailed eagle (''Haliaëtus leucoryphus'') [> [[Wikipedia:Gipuzkoan dialect|Gipuzkoan]]''<u>arran</u>o'', eagle]
::::::086 '''gı̋de''', sparrowhawk (''Accipiter nisus'') [> [[Wikipedia:Telugu language|Telugu]]''<u>giḍ</u>ḍu'', hawk]
::::::087 '''kı̋ı̋nke''' European honey buzzard (''Pernis apivorus'') [> [[Wikipedia:Burushaski|Hunza]], ''ibid.'']
::::::''cpd'' '''osgı̋de''', goshawk (''Accipiter gentilis'') ['''őṡi''', ''adj.'' fast]


===O. Falconiformes - '''ahgémm̃eikőina'''===
::::sF Aegypiinae - '''híím̃nerta̋im̃a'''
*falconiform, '''áhgemm̃e̋ȝe''' [< '''a̋ha''', day; '''gema''', t.v. prey  upon; '''m̃e̋ȝe''', bird].
::::::088 '''ǧeltűre''' griffon vulture (''Gyps fulvus'') [> English <u>vulture</u>]
:::F. Falconidae - '''árgifta̋im̃a'''
::::::089 '''hı̋ı̋m̃e''' European black vulture (''Aegypius monachus'')
::::::078 '''ɠőixe'', common kestrel (''Falco tinnunculus'') [PAlt ''*gi̯ojk`u'', ? > Old Turkish ''<u>kek</u>ẏk'', bird of prey].
::::::090 '''ka̋ze''', Egyptian vulture (''Neophron percnapterus'') [> [[Wikipedia:Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>kaẓ</u>u'', Egyptian vulture]
::::::''drv'' '''ɠőixke''' lesser kestrel (''Falso naumanni'') [< '''-ke''', ''diminutive suffix''].
::::::091 '''ve̋e̋se''', lammergeier (''Gypaetus barbatus'') [> Greek ''<u>φή</u>νη'', lammergeier]
::::::079 '''ṡa̋ske''', Eurasian merlin (''Falco aesalon'') [?].
::::::080 '''argı̋pe''', gyrfalcon (''Falco rusticolus'') [?].
::::::081 '''iþı̋ke''' Eurasian hobby (''Falco subbuteo'') [PAlt ''*it`VKV'', k. of big bird > Mongolian ''<u>itaɣ</u>u'', falcon].


:::F. Pandionidae - '''gasta̋im̃a'''
::::sF Buteoninae - '''ǧúúþnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::082 '''ga̋se''', osprey (''Pandion haliaëtus'') [PAlt *''guči'', eagle > Evenki ''<u>gus</u>'', eagle].
::::::092 '''gűṡe''', spotted eagle (''C. clanga'') [> Turkish ''<u>güç</u>en'', eagle]
::::::093 '''ǧűűte''', common buzzard (''B. buteo'') [> Latin ''<u>būt</u>eō'', hawk or falcon]
::::::094 '''ke̋e̋rde''', white-tailed sea eagle (''Haliaeëtus albicilla'') [> Turkish ''<u>kart</u>al'', eagle]
::::::095 '''k̨űne''', larger fish erne (†''Haliaeëtus grandior'')
::::::096 '''műire''', golden eagle (''Aquila chrysaëtos'') [> Korean 매 ''<u>mae</u>'', falcon]
::::::097 '''ṡ̨e̋ine''', steppe eagle (''Aquila nipalensis'') [> Sanskrit श्येन ''<u>śyen</u>á-'', hawk, falcon, eagle]
::::::098 '''þűbe''', imperial eagle (''Aquila heliaca'') [> Korean 독수리 ''<u>dok</u>suri'', eagle]
::::::099 '''þ̨e̋ine''', lesser spotted eagle (''Clanga pomarina'') [> Old Greek ''ἴ<u>κτῑν</u>ος'', kite]


:::F. Accipitridae - '''muirta̋im̃a'''
::::sF Milvinae - '''mélgŭnerta̋im̃a'''
::::sF. Accipitrinae- '''gíðnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::100 '''me̋lǧe''' red kite (''M. milvus'') [> Latin ''<u>mīl</u>vus'', kite]
::::::''cpd'' '''osgı̋de''', goshawk (''Accipiter gentilis'') [< '''őṡi''', adj. fast; '''gı̋de''', sparrowhawk].
::::::101 '''parűnde''', black kite (''Milvus m. migrans'') [> [[Wikipedia:Tamil language|Tamil]] ''<u>parunt</u>u'', kite]
::::::083 '''gı̋de''', sparrowhawk (''Accipiter nisus'') [PDrav ''*giḍ-'', hawk, falcon > Telugu ''<u>giḍ</u>ḍu'', hawk].
::::::084 '''ara̋ne''' white-tailed eagle (''Haliaëtus leucoryphus'') [PBas ''*ar̄ano'', eagle > Gipuzcoan ''<u>arran</u>o'', eagle]


::::sF. Aegypiinae - '''híím̃nerta̋im̃a'''
::::::085 '''hı̋ı̋m̃e''' European black vulture (''Aegypius monachus'') [PIE ''*g'hīw'', vulture > ?].
::::::086 '''ǧeltűre''' lammergeier (''Gypaetus barbatus'') [PIE ''*gwltur-'', vulture > English <u>vulture</u>].
::::::087 '''ve̋e̋se''', griffon vulture (''Gyps fulvus'') [PIE ''*bhēs-'', k. of bird of prey > Gk. ''<u>φή</u>να'', lammergeier].
::::::088 '''ka̋ze''', Egyptian vulture (''Neophron percnapterus'') [PDrav ''*kaẓ-'', vulture > Tamil ''<u>kaẓ</u>u'', Egyptian vulture].


::::sF. Buteoninae - ǧúúþnerta̋im̃a
===O Strigiformes - laaþgémm̃eikőina===
::::::089 '''ǧűűte''', common buzzard (''B. buteo'') [PIE ''*gʷūt-'', k. of bird of prey > Latin ''<u>būt</u>'', hawk or falcon].
*strigiform, '''lááþgemm̃e̋ȝe''' ['''la̋a̋ta''', night; '''ge̋ma''', ''t.v.'' prey  upon; '''m̃e̋ȝe''', bird]
::::::090 '''ke̋e̋rde''', white-tailed sea eagle (''Haliaeëtus albicilla'') [PAlt ''*kḗrdu''  > Turkish ''<u>kart</u>al'', falcon].
:::F Strigidae - '''ṡam̃ta̋im̃a'''
::::::091 '''k̨űne''', larger fish erne (''Haliaeëtus grandior'') [?].
::::::102 '''hűnṡe''', boreal owl (''Aegolius funereus'') [> [[Wikipedia:Navarro-Lapurdian dialect|Low Navarrese]] ''<u>huntz</u>'', owl]
::::::092 '''þűbe''', imperial eagle (''Aquila heliaca'') [PAlt ''<u>*t`úb</u>é''
::::::103 '''ȝı̋pe''', Scops owl (''Otus scops'') [> Finnish ''<u>hyyp</u>'', eagle owl]
  k. of bird of prey > Korean ''<u>dok</u>suri'', eagle].
::::::104 '''kahe̋ke''', northern hawk owl (''Surnia ulula'') [> Low Navarrese ''<u>kahek</u>a'', owl]
::::::093 '''műire''', golden eagle (''Aquila chrysaëtos'') [PAlt ''*mujre'', bird of prey > Korean ''<u>mae</u>'', falcon].
::::::105 '''kukűbe''', great gray owl (''Strix nebulosa '') [> Latin ''<u>cucub</u>iō,'' hoot]
::::::094 '''ṡ̨e̋ine''', steppe eagle (''Aquila nipalensis'') [PIE ''*tk'yein-'', k. of bird of prey > Sanskrit ''<u>śyen</u>á-'', hawk, falcon, eagle].
::::::106 '''pa̋a̋ike''', Ural owl (''Strix uralensis'') [> Turkish  ''<u>bayk</u>uş'', owl]
::::::095 '''gűṡe''', spotted eagle (''C. clanga'') [PAlt ''*guči'', eagle  > Turkish ''<u>güç</u>en'', eagle].
::::::107 '''ṡa̋m̃e''', Eurasian eagle owl (''B. bubo'').
::::::''096'' '''þ̨e̋ine''', lesser spotted eagle (''Clanga pomarina'') [PIE *tk'yein-, bird of prey > Old Greek iktī̂nos, chicken hawk].
::::::''drv'' '''ṡa̋m̃ke''', little owl (''Athene noctua'') ['''-ke''', ''diminutive suffix'']
::::::''cpd'' '''tom̃ṡa̋m̃e''', snowy owl (''Bubo scandiacus'') ['''tom̃o''', snow]
::::::108 '''űűm̃e''', short-eared owl (''Asio flammeus'') [> English <u>ow</u>l]
::::::109 '''űge''', pygmy owl (''Glaucidium passerinum'') [> Turkish ''<u>öj</u>'', owl]
::::::110 '''ulűle''', long-eared owl (''Asio otus'') [> Latin ''<u>ulul</u>a'', owl]


::::sF. Milvinae - '''mélgŭnerta̋im̃a'''
:::F Tytonidae - '''tuþta̋im̃a'''
::::::097 '''me̋lǧe''' red kite (''M. milvus'') [PIE ''*melgʷ-'', k. of bird > Latin ''<u>mīl</u>vus'', kite].
::::::111 '''tűþe''', barn owl (''Tyto alba'') [> English, <u>Tyt</u>onidae]
::::::098 '''parűnde''', black kite (''Milvus m. migrans'') [PDrav ''*par(u)nd-'', bird of prey > Tamil ''<u>parunt</u>u'', kite].




===O. Strigiformes - '''laaþgémm̃eikőina'''===
===O Coraciiformes – téér̈ɛm̃eikőina===
*strigiform, '''lááþgemm̃e̋ȝe''' [< '''la̋a̋ta''', night; '''ge̋ma''', t.v. prey  upon; '''m̃e̋ȝe''', bird].
*coraciiform, '''teer̈ɛm̃e̋ȝe''' ['''te̋e̋r̈i''', ''adj.'' colorful; '''m̃e̋ȝe''', bird]
:::F. Strigidae - '''ṡam̃ta̋im̃a'''
sO Alcedini -  '''téér̈ɛm̃eikőina'''
::::::099 '''pa̋a̋ike''', Ural owl (''Strix uralensis'') [PAlt ''*pā̀jkù'', ? > Turkish ''<u>bayk</u>uş'', owl].
:::F Alcedinidae – '''ṡéérolta̋im̃a'''
::::::100 '''kukűbe''', great gray owl (''Strix nebulosa '') [PIE ''*kVkVb-'', owl > Latin ''<u>cucub</u>iō,'' hoot].
::::::112 '''ṡeerőle''', European kingfisher (''Alcedo atthis'')
::::::101 '''ulűle''', long-eared owl (''Asio otus'') [PIE ''*ulul-'', owl > Latin ''<u>ulul</u>a'', owl].
::::::102 '''űűm̃e''', short-eared owl (''Asio flammeus'') [PIE ''*ūw-'', owl > English <u>ow</u>l].
::::::103 '''ṡa̋m̃e''', Eurasian eagle owl (''B. bubo'').
::::::''cpd'' '''tom̃ṡa̋m̃e''', snowy owl (''Bubo scandiacus'') [< '''tom̃o''', snow; '''ṡa̋m̃e''', owl].
::::::''drv'' '''ṡa̋m̃ke''', little owl (''Athene noctua'') [< '''-ke''', ''diminutive suffix''].
::::::104 '''űge''', pygmy owl (''Glaucidium passerinum'') [PAlt ''*uge'', owl  > Turkish ''<u>öj</u>ẏ'', owl].
::::::105 '''ȝı̋pe''', Scops owl (''Otus scops'') [PUr ''*jipV'', owl > Finnish ''<u>hyyp</u>iä'', eagle owl].
::::::106 '''kahe̋ke''', northern hawk owl (''Surnia ulula'') [PBas ''kaheka'', owl > Low Navarrese ''<u>kahek</u>a'', owl].


:::F. Tytonidae - '''tuþta̋im̃a'''
:::F Coraciidae - '''ṡúsneuvlɛta̋im̃a'''
::::::107 '''tűþe''', barn owl (''Tyto alba'') [PIE*tū̆th-, owl > English, <u>Tyt</u>onidae].
::::::''cpd'' '''ṡusne̋uvle''', European roller (''Coracias garrulus'') ['''ṡuṡa''', ''t.v.'' whirl; '''ne̋uva''', ''t.v.'' court]


:::F Upupidae - '''ópofta̋im̃a'''
::::::113 '''őpe''', hoopoe (''Upupa epops'') [> English h<u>oop</u>oe]


===O. Coraciiformes – '''téér̈ĕm̃eikőina'''===
:::F Meropidae - '''vííżefta̋im̃a'''
*coraciiform, '''teer̈ĕm̃e̋ȝe''' [< '''te̋e̋r̈i''', adj. colorful; '''m̃e̋ȝe''', bird].
::::::''cpd'' '''viiże̋fe''', bee-eater (''Merops apiaster'') ['''vı̋ı̋e''', bee; '''że̋fa'''''i.v.'' eat [''of animals'']]
sO. Alcedini -  '''téér̈ĕm̃eikőina'''
:::F. Alcedinidae – '''ṡéérolta̋im̃a'''
::::::108 '''ṡeerőle''', European kingfisher (''Alcedo atthis'') [PIE  *k'ērol-", kingfisher > ?].


:::F. Coraciidae - '''ṡúsneuvlĕta̋im̃a'''
::::::''cpd'' '''ṡusne̋uvle''', European roller (''Coracias garrulus'') [< '''ṡuṡa''', ''t.v.'' whirl; '''ne̋uva''', ''t.v.'' court].


:::F. Upupidae - '''ópofta̋im̃a'''
===O Piciformes - haisrénm̃eikőina===
::::::109 '''opőpe''', hoopoe (''Upupa epops'') [PIE ''*epop-'', hoopoe > English <u>hoopoe</u>].
*piciform, '''háisrenm̃e̋ȝe''' ['''ha̋isi''', tree; '''re̋na''', ''t.v.'' climb; '''m̃e̋ȝe''', bird]
:::F Picidae - '''piixta̋im̃a'''
::::sF Piciinae - '''pííxnerta̋im̃a'''
:::::T Dendropicini - '''láspiixða̋ma'''
::::::''cpd'' '''laspı̋ı̋ke''', spotted woodpecker (''Dendrocopos major'') ['''la̋ṡi''', ''adj.'' speckled]
:::::T Picini - '''piixða̋ma'''
::::::114 '''ka̋rke''', gray-headed woodpecker (''Picus canus'') [> Finnish ''<u>kärk</u>i'', ''Picus viridis'']
::::::115 '''pı̋ı̋ke''', green woodpecker (''Picus viridis'') [> German ''S<u>pech</u>t'', woodpecker]


:::F. Meropidae - '''vííżefta̋im̃a'''
::::::''cpd'' '''viiże̋fe''', bee-eater (''Merops apiaster'') [< '''vı̋ı̋e''', bee; '''że̋fa''',  ''i.v.'' eat [''of animals'']].


===O Passeriformes - vááxm̃eikőina===
*passeriform, '''vaaxm̃e̋ȝe''' ['''va̋a̋xa''', ''i.v.'' perch; '''m̃e̋ȝe''', bird]
sO Passeri - '''vaaxm̃éinerkőina'''
::SF Corvoidea - '''m̃elágufta̋im̃a'''
:::F Oriolidae - '''m̃élaƣta̋im̃a'''
::::::116 '''m̃ela̋ge''', golden oriole (''O. oriolus'') [> English whit<u>wal</u>l]


===O. Piciformes - '''haisrénm̃eikőina'''===
:::F Corvidae - ðeekta̋im̃a
*piciform, '''háisrenm̃e̋ȝe''' [< '''ha̋isi''', tree; '''re̋na''', t.v. climb; '''m̃e̋ȝe''', bird].
::::::117 '''ðe̋e̋ke''', jackdaw (''Corvus monedula'') [> English <u>daw</u>]
:::F. Picidae - '''piixta̋im̃a'''
::::::118 '''e̋e̋rne''', rook (''Corvus frugilegus'')
::::sF. Piciinae - '''pííxnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::119 '''ga̋a̋m̃e''', carrion crow (''Corvus corone'') [> Latin ''<u>gāv</u>ia'', gull]
:::::T. Dendropicini - '''láspiixða̋ma'''
::::::120 '''kőrm̃e''', raven (''Corvus corax'') [> Latin ''<u>corv</u>us'', raven]
::::::''cpd'' '''laspı̋ı̋ke''' spotted woodpecker (''Dendrocopos major'') [< '''la̋ṡi, ''adj.'' speckled; '''pı̋ı̋ke''', woodpecker].
::::::121 '''kőxse''', spotted nutcracker (''Nucifraga caryocatactes'')
:::::T. Picini - '''piixða̋ma'''
::::::122 '''m̃esa̋a̋ke''', European magpie (''P. pica'')
::::::110 '''pı̋ı̋ke''', green woodpecker (''Picus viridis'') [PIE *''(s)pīk(ʷ)-'', motley bird > German ''S<u>pech</u>t'', woodpecker].
::::::123 '''m̃őrne''', hooded crow (''Corvus cornix'')> Lithuanian ''<u>várn</u>a'', crow]
::::::124 '''ṡe̋ihe''', Eurasian jay (''Garrulus glandarius'') [> German ''<u>Häh</u>er'', jay]
::::::125 '''x̌őre''', Siberian jay (''Perisoreus infaustus'') [> Latin ''<u>cor</u>nīx'', crow]
::::::126 '''za̋ṡ̬e''', Alpine chough (''Pyrrhocorax graculus'') [> Georgian შაშვი ''<u>šašv</u>i'', blackbird]


:::F Regulidae - '''m̃erbɛta̋im̃a'''
::::::127 '''m̃e̋rbe''', goldcrest (''R. regulus'') [> Lithuanian ''ž<u>virb</u>lis'', sparrow]


===O. Passeriformes - '''vááxm̃eikőina'''===
::SF Sylvioidea - '''ṡífufta̋im̃a'''
*passeriform, '''vaaxm̃e̋ȝe''' [< '''va̋a̋x'''a, ''i.v.'' perch; '''m̃e̋ȝe''', bird].
:::F Sylviidae - '''ṡifta̋im̃a'''
sO. Passeri - '''vaaxm̃éinerkőina'''
::::::128 '''ṡı̋fe''', Eurasian blackcap (''Sylvia atricapillus'') [> Korean 제비 ''<u>jeb</u>i'', swallow]
::SF. Corvoidea - '''m̃elágufta̋im̃a'''
:::F. Oriolidae - '''m̃élaƣta̋im̃a'''


::::::111 '''m̃ela̋ge''', golden oriole (''O. oriolus'') [PIE ''*welA(n)g-'', oriole > English whit<u>wal</u>l].
:::F Alaudidae - '''painta̋im̃a'''
::::::129 '''f̨a̋lbe''', Eurasian skylark (''Alauda arvensis'') [> Japanese ひばり ''<u>hìb</u>ari'', skylark]
::::::''cpd'' '''kébarpa̋ine''', calandra lark (''Melanocorypha calandra'') [keba̋ro, steppe]
::::::130 '''pa̋ine''', crested lark (''Galerida cristata'') [> Greek ''<u>σπίν</u>ος'', finch]
::::::131 '''ƥoltőre''', woodlark (''Lullula arborea'') [> Turkish ''<u>bıldır</u>cın'', quail]


:::F. Corvidae - ðeekta̋im̃a
:::F Hirundinidae – '''ƣelta̋im̃a'''
:::::::112 '''ṡe̋ihe''', Eurasian jay (''Garrulus glandarius'') [PIE ''*k'eig'h- '', k. of motley bird > German ''<u>Häh</u>er'', jay].
::::::132 '''ɔ̋ṡe''', red-rumped swallow (''Cecropis daurica'') [> Georgian მერცხალი ''me<u>rcx</u>ali'', swallow]
:::::::113 '''kőxse''', spotted nutcracker (''Nucifraga caryocatactes'') [PIE ?].
::::::133 '''ƣe̋le''', barn swallow (''Hirundo r. rustica'') [> Latin ''<u>hir</u>undo'', swallow]
:::::::114 '''m̃esa̋a̋ke''', European magpie (''P. pica'') [PIE ?].
::::::134 '''ša̋lm̃e''', house martin (''Delichon urbicum'') > German ''<u>Schwalb</u>e'', swallow]
:::::::115 '''ga̋a̋m̃e''', carrion crow (''Corvus corone'') [PIE ''*gā̆w-'', crow > Latin ''<u>gāv</u>ia'', gull].
:::::::116 '''e̋e̋rne''', rook (''Corvus frugilegus'') [PIE ?].
:::::::117 '''kőrm̃e''', raven (''Corvus corax'') [PIE ''*korw-'', k. of bird > Latin ''<u>corv</u>us'', raven].
:::::::118 '''m̃őrne''', hooded crow (''Corvus cornix'') [PIE ''*worn-'', crow > Lithuanian ''<u>várn</u>a'', crow]
:::::::119 '''ðe̋e̋ke''', jackdaw (''Corvus monedula'') [PIE ''*dhēk-'', daw > English <u>daw</u>].
:::::::120 '''za̋ṡ̬e''', Alpine chough (''Pyrrhocorax graculus'') [PKar *zašw-, blackbird > Georgian šašv-, blackbird].
:::::::121 '''x̌őre''', Siberian jay (''Perisoreus infaustus'') [PIE ''*k'woro-'', crow > Latin ''<u>cor</u>nīx'', crow].


:::F. Regulidae - '''m̃erbĕta̋im̃a'''
:::F Acrocephalidae - '''elta̋im̃a'''
::::::122 '''m̃e̋rbe''', goldcrest (''R. regulus'') [PIE ''*werb-'', sparrow > Lithuanian ''ž<u>vìrb</u>li-s'', sparrow].
::::::135 '''e̋le''', Eurasian reed warbler (''Acrocephalus scirpaeceus'') [> Old Greek ''<u>έλ</u>εια'', reed warbler]


::SF. Sylvioidea - '''ṡífufta̋im̃a'''
::SF Certhioidea - '''f̨ápufta̋im̃a'''
:::F. Sylviidae - '''ṡifta̋im̃a'''
:::F Sittidae - '''f̨apta̋im̃a'''
::::::123 '''ṡı̋fe''', Eurasian blackcap (''Sylvia atricapillus'') [PAlt ''*č`ĭ̀p`(ú)'', sm. bird > Korean ''<u>jeb</u>i'', swallow].
::::::136 '''f̨a̋pe''', Eurasian nuthatch (''Sitta europea'') [> [[Wikipedia:Evenki languages|Evenki]] ''<u>hiw</u>i'', k. of sparrow]


:::F. Alaudidae - '''ƥóltorta̋im̃a'''
::SF Muscicapoidea - '''moxlávufta̋im̃a'''
::::::124 '''pa̋ine''', crested lark (''Galerida cristata'') [PIE *''(s)pAin-'', k. of small bird > Greek ''<u>σπίν</u>ος'', finch].
:::F Muscicapidae - '''móxlafta̋im̃a'''
::::::125 '''ƥoltőre''', Eurasian skylark (''Alauda arvensis'') [PAlt ''*pi̯ŏ́ltorV'', ?  > Turkish ''<u>bıldır</u>cın'', quail].
::::sF Muscicapinae - '''moxláfnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::126 '''f̨a̋lbe''', woodlark (''Lullula arborea'') [PAlt ''*p`i̯àlbí'', ? > Japanese ''<u>hìb</u>ari'', skylark].
::::::''cpd'' '''moxla̋ve''', spotted flycatcher (''Muscicapa striata'') ['''mőke''', fly; '''la̋va''', ''t.v.'' catch]
::::sF Saxicolinae - '''ám̃eeðta̋im̃a'''
::::::137 '''am̃e̋e̋de''', nightingale (''Luscinia megarhynchos'')
::::::138 '''ɔn̨a̋le''', European robin (''Erithacus rubecula'')


:::F. Hirundinidae – '''ƣelta̋im̃a'''
:::F Turdidae - '''mésolta̋im̃a'''
::::::127 '''ƣe̋le''', barn swallow (''Hirundo r. rustica'') [PIE ''*ghel-'', swallow > Latin ''<u>hir</u>undo'', swallow].
::::::139 '''kőfse''', blackbird (''Turdus merula'') [> Old Greek ''<u>κόψ</u>ιχος'', blackbird]
::::::128 '''ša̋lm̃e''', house martin (''Delichon urbicum'') [PIE ''*swAlw-'', swallow > German ''<u>Schwalb</u>e'', swallow].
::::::140 '''mesőle''', song thrush (''Turdus philomelos'') [> English <u>merl</u>e]
::::::129 '''ǫ̋ṡe''', red-rumped swallow (''Cecropis daurica'') [PKar ''*rć̣ix-'', chirrup > Georgian ''me-<u>rcx</u>-al-'', swallow].
::::::141 '''ṡűge''', mistle thrush (''Turdus viscivorus'')


:::F. Acrocephalidae - '''elta̋im̃a'''
:::F Sturnidae - '''ternɛta̋im̃a'''
::::::130 '''e̋le''', Eurasian reed warbler (''Acrocephalus scirpaeceus'') [PIE ''*el-'', k. of bird > Old Greek ''<u>έλ</u>εια'', reed warbler].
::::::142 '''te̋rne''', European starling (''Sturnus v. vulgaris'') [> English s<u>tar</u>ling]


::SF. Certhioidea - '''f̨ápufta̋im̃a'''
::SF Passeroidea- '''párm̃ufta̋im̃a'''
:::F. Sittidae - '''f̨apta̋im̃a'''
:::F Passeridae - '''parm̃ɛta̋im̃a'''
::::::131 '''f̨a̋pe''', Eurasian nuthatch (''Sitta europea'') [PAlt ''*p(`)i̯api'', k. of small bird > Evenki ''<u>hiw</u>i'', k. of sparrow].
::::::143 '''pa̋rm̃e''' house sparrow (''Passer domesticus'') [> English s<u>parrow</u>]
::::::144 '''pe̋rge''', Eurasian tree sparrow (''Passer montanus'') [> German ''S<u>per</u>ling'', sparrow]
::::::''cpd'' '''tom̃pa̋rm̃e''', snow finch (''Montifringilla nivalis'') ['''tom̃o''', snow]


::SF. Muscicapoidea - '''moxlávufta̋im̃a'''
:::F Motacillidae - '''keilta̋im̃a'''
:::F. Muscicapidae - '''móxlafta̋im̃a'''
::::::145 '''ke̋ile''', blue-headed  wagtail (''Motacilla a. alba'') [> Lithuanian ''<u>kiel</u>ė'', wagtail]
::::sF. Muscicapinae - '''moxláfnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::146 '''moota̋ke''', white wagtail (''Motacilla f. flava'') [> Latin ''<u>mōtac</u>illa'', white wagtail]
::::::''cpd'' '''moxla̋ve''', spotted flycatcher (''Muscicapa striata'') [< '''mőke''', fly; '''la̋va''', ''t.v.'' catch].
::::sF. Saxicolinae - '''ám̃eeðta̋im̃a'''
::::::132 '''am̃e̋e̋de''', nightingale (''Luscinia megarhynchos'') [?].
::::::''cpd'' '''ǫn̨a̋le''', European robin (''Erithacus rubecula'').


:::F. Turdidae - '''mésolta̋im̃a'''
:::F Fringillidae - '''fingɛta̋im̃a'''
::::::133 '''kőfse''', blackbird (''Turdus merula'') [PIE ''*kops-'', blackbird > Old Greek ''<u>κόψ</u>ιχος'', blackbird].
::::sF Fringillinae - '''fíngɛnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::134 '''mesőle''', song thrush (''Turdus philomelos'') [PIE ''*(A)mes-'', blackbird > English <u>merl</u>e].
::::::147 '''fı̋nge''', chaffinch (''Fringilla coelebs'') [> English <u>finch</u>]
::::::135 '''ṡűge''', mistle thrush (''Turdus viscivorus'') [PAlt ?].
::::::148 '''n̨a̋nge''', Eurasian bullfinch (''P. pyrrhula'') [> Mongolian ''<u>ǯan</u>a'', bullfinch]
::::::''cpd'' '''reuðfı̋nge''' rosefinch (''Carpodacus erythrinus'') ['''re̋ude''', ''adj.'' red]
::::sF Carduelinae - '''ƥa̋fnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::149 '''ƥa̋pe''', Eurasian siskin (''Carduelis spinus'')
::::::''cpd'' '''luskɛɛfı̋nge''', European goldfinch (''C. carduelis'') ['''lűsko''', mask]


:::F. Sturnidae - '''ternĕta̋im̃a'''
:::F Emberizidae – '''ṡeiƣta̋im̃a'''
::::::136 '''te̋rne''', European starling (''Sturnus v. vulgaris'') [PIE ''*(s)tern-'', starling > English <u>star</u>ling].
::::::''cpd'' '''eelṡe̋iƣe''', corn bunting (''Emberiza calandra'') [<'''e̋e̋lo''', stripe]
::::::''cpd'' '''ɠorṡe̋iƣe''', common reed bunting (''Emberiza schoeniclus'') ['''ɠőro''', reed]
::::::150 '''lı̋nte''', snow bunting (''Plectrophenax nivalis'')
::::::''cpd'' '''pifṡe̋iƣe''', rock bunting (''Emberiza cia'') ['''pı̋pa''', ''i.v.'' chirp]
::::::151 '''ṡe̋iƣe''', yellowhammer (''Emberiza citrinella'')
::::::152 '''ṡı̋ṡe''', Lapland longspur (''Calcarius lapponicus'') [> [[Wikipedia:Sámi languages|Sami]], ''<u>cic</u>ce'', longspur]


::SF. Passeroidea- '''párm̃ufta̋im̃a'''
::SF Paroidea - '''ṡɔ́nufta̋im̃a'''
:::F. Passeridae - '''parm̃ĕta̋im̃a'''
:::F Paridae - '''ṡɔnta̋im̃a'''
::::::137 '''pa̋rm̃e''' house sparrow (''Passer domesticus'') [PIE ''*(s)par(w)-'', sparrow > English s<u>parrow</u>].
::::::''cpd'' '''ȝasṡɔ̋ne''', willow tit (''Poecile montanus'') ['''ȝa̋ṡo''', pine forest]
::::::138 '''pe̋rge''', Eurasian tree sparrow (''Passer montanus'') [PIE ''*(s)perg-'', sparrow > German ''S<u>per</u>ling'', sparrow].
::::::''cpd'' '''kooxṡɔ̋ne''', Eurasian blue tit (''Poecile montanus'') ['''kőőxi''', blue]
::::::''cpd'' '''tom̃pa̋rm̃e''', snow finch (''Montifringilla nivalis'') [< '''tom̃o''', snow;  '''pa̋rm̃e''', sparrow].
::::::153 '''ṡɔ̋ne''', great tit (''Parus major'') [> [[Wikipedia:Mari language|Mari]] ''<u>cuń</u>a'', titmouse]


:::F. Motacillidae - '''keilta̋im̃a'''
::::::139 '''ke̋ile''', blue-headed  wagtail (''Motacilla a. alba'') [> PIE *''keyǝl-'', wagtail >  Lithuanian ''<u>kiel</u>ė'', wagtail].
::::::140 '''moota̋ke''', white wagtail (''Motacilla f. flava'') [> PIE ''*mō̆tak(')-'', k. of small bird > Latin ''<u>mōtac</u>illa'', white wagtail].


:::F. Fringillidae - '''fingĕta̋im̃a'''
===O Caprimulgiformes - haisrénm̃eikőina===
::::sF. Fringillinae - '''fíngĕnerta̋im̃a'''
:::F Caprimulgidae - '''fúúiniivta̋im̃a'''
::::::141 '''fı̋nge''', chaffinch (''Fringilla coelebs'') [PIE ''*phing-'', finch > English <u>finch</u>].
::::sF Caprimulginae - '''fuuiníívnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::142 '''n̨a̋nge''', Eurasian bullfinch (''P. pyrrhula'') [PAlt '''*ńanŋa''', k. of small bird > Mongolian ''<u>ǯan</u>a'', bullfinch].
::::::''cpd'' '''fuuinı̋ı̋be''', European nightjar (''Caprimulgus europaeus'') ['''fűűȝo''', bristle; '''nı̋ı̋bo''', bill]
::::::143 '''ƥa̋lbe''', rosefinch (''Carpodacus erythrinus'') [PAlt '''*ƥalbe''', k. of small bird > ?].
::::sF. Carduelinae - '''ƥa̋fnerta̋im̃a'''
::::::144 '''ƥa̋pe''', Eurasian siskin (''Carduelis spinus'') [?].
::::::''cpd'' '''luskĕsfı̋nge''', European goldfinch (''C. carduelis'') [< '''lűsko''', mask; '''fı̋nge''', finch].


:::F. Emberizidae – '''ṡeiƣta̋im̃a'''
::::::145 '''ṡe̋iƣe''', yellowhammer (''Emberiza citrinella'') [?].
::::::146 '''ṡı̋ṡe''', Lapland longspur (''Calcarius lapponicus'') [PUr ''*čičä'', small bird > Sami, '''<u>cic</u>ce''', longspur].
::::::147 '''lı̋nte''', snow bunting (''Plectrophenax nivalis'') [?].


::SF. Paroidea - '''ṡǫ́nufta̋im̃a'''
[[Senjecas Tax. Fungi]]
:::F. Paridae - '''ṡǫnta̋im̃a'''
::::::148 '''ṡǫ̋ne''', great tit (''Parus major'') [PUr '''*ćOńV'', titmouse > Mari ''<u>cuń</u>a'', titmouse].
::::::''cpd'' '''ȝasṡǫ̋ne''', willow tit (''Poecile montanus'') [< '''ȝa̋ṡo''', pine forest''';  '''ṡǫ̋ne''', great tit].
::::::''cpd'' '''kooxṡǫ̋ne''', Eurasian blue tit (''Poecile montanus'') [< '''kőőxi''', blue; '''ṡǫ̋ne''', great tit].

Latest revision as of 16:37, 11 November 2025

Pronunciation table

peműko
(labial)
riisűko
(dental)
muitűko
(alveolar)
vainűko
(palatal)
ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(vowels with प)
nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(weak vowels)
p
b f v m t d þ ð ɫ l ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š i e a ɔ o u ı ɛ y
म़ ल़ स़ क़ ग़ स्व स्य इ ई
पि पी
ए एै
पे पै
अ आ
प पा
ऒ ॵ
पॊ पॏ
ओ औ
पो पौ
उ ऊ
पु पू
पं पऺ पॅ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Introduction

  1. In the Sefdaanian cultures, each individual is a member of a hierarchy of communities. The Ethrans have used this hierarchy as a pattern for their classification of life forms.
  2. The individual is, first of all, a member of one of the six Loquent Peoples. The largest of the taxonomic communities is that of the le̋uða [le̋uðu, people]Thus, there are "animal people" and "plant people". This division corresponds to "kingdom" in modern taxonomy.
  3. Next, the individual lives in one of the seven regions (watersheds) of Sefdaania. This division, the ta̋im̃a [ta̋im̃a, region], corresponds to "class" in modern taxonomy.
  4. Within the several regions, the individual lives in a commune. This division, the kőina [kőino, commune, corresponds to "order" in modern taxonomy.
  5. Each commune is comprised of a number of families. This division, the ða̋ma [ða̋mu, family], corresponds to "family" in modern taxonomy.
  6. Within the family, the individual is usually one of several siblings. This division, the ȝőőra [ȝőőru, sibling], corresponds to "genus" in modern taxonomy.
  7. And finally there is the individual himselF This division, the še̋ða [še̋ðu, individual], corresponds to "species" in modern taxonomy.
  • Finer divisions can be made with the use of prefixes, e.g.:
    • uf-, higher = super-
    • ner-, under = sub-
    • sup-, low = infra-
  • This table makes use of the following ranks:

Order (O) - kőina Suborder (sO) - nerkőina

Class (C) – ta̋im̃a
Superfamily (SF) - ufða̋ma
Family (F) - ða̋ma
Subfamily (sF) - nerða̋ma
Tribe (T) - sufða̋ma


Summary Table of Arthropods Extant in Sefdaania

O Struthioniformes - mezréésmeikőina

F Struthionidae -
kurűle, ostrich (†Pachystruthio spp.)

O Anseriformes – erpéðmeikőina

F Anatidae - kuuƣta̋im̃a
sF Anserinae - kúúƣnerta̋im̃a
T Cygnini - kuuƣða̋a̋ma
alve̋de, tundra swan (Olor bewickii)
e̋lm̨̃e, whooper swan (C. cygnus)
hőlve, mute swan (Cygnus olor)
kűűge, giant swan (†Cygnus falconeri)
T Anserini - hánsɛða̋a̋ma
ga̋a̋re, taiga bean goose (Anser fabalis)
ha̋nse, graylag goose (A. anser)
lűnte, red-breasted goose (Branta ruficollis)
sF Tadorninae – ƣándɛnerta̋im̃a
ƣa̋nde ruddy shelduck (Tadorna ferruginea)
þ̨a̋xe, common shelduck (T tadorna)
sF Anatinae - nááþnerta̋im̃a
a̋a̋ibe, pintail duck (Anas acuta)
ɠa̋le, Eurasian widgeon (Anas penelope)
na̋a̋te, mallard (Anas platyrhynchos)
pɔ̋ȝe, garganey (Anas querquedula)
take̋ste northern shoveler (Anas clypea)
sF Aythyinae - báðnerta̋im̃a
ba̋de, tufted duck (Aythya fuligula)
me̋ðge, common pochard (Aythya ferina)
ṡőðke, greater scaup (Aythya marila)
sF Merginae – ééþnerta̋im̃a
anga̋te, common scoter (Melanitta nigra)
e̋e̋te, common eider (Somateria mollissima)
m̃a̋iṡe, velvet scoter (Melanitta fusca)
sőðke, long-tailed duck (Clangula hyemalis)
ta̋a̋re, merganser (Mergus merganser)

O Galliformes - talpááþmeikőina

SF Phasianoidea - reekínufta̋im̃a
F Phasianidae - réékinta̋im̃a
sF Coturnicinae - reekín̈erta̋im̃a
reekı̋ne, common quail (C. coturnix)
sF Pavoninae – namílnerta̋im̃a
namı̋le, peacock (†Pavo bravardi)
sF Perdicinae - m̃ortóxnerta̋im̃a
ka̋ure, chukar (Alectoris chukar)
m̃ortőke, Eastern grey partridge (P. perdix lucida)
sF Tetraoninae - réuvnerta̋im̃a
aka̋rƣe, willow ptarmigan (L. lagopus)
ere̋mbe, hazel grouse (Tetrastes bonasia)
kopa̋le, Caucasian grouse (Tetrao mlokosiewiczi)
pı̋pe, black grouse (Tetrao tetrix)
re̋ube, rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta)
tete̋rm̃e, capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus)
sF Phasianinae - kokóvnerta̋im̃a
kokőbe, Caucasus pheasant (Phasianus colchicus)
kűxre, Caucasus snowcock (Tetraogallus caucasicus)

O Podicipediformes - laavpéðmeikőina

F Podicipedidae - nɔnta̋im̃a
kűȝe, horned grebe (Podiceps auritus)
nɔ̋ne, crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus)

O Columbiformes - voiðs̨úúþmeikőina

F Columbidae - álunta̋im̃a
sF Columbinae - alún̈erta̋im̃a
alűne, rock dove (Columba l. livia)
deeltűrte, collared dove (Streptopelia decaocto)
kolőmbe, stock dove (Columba oenas)
pelőnve, European wood pigeon (Columba p. palumbus)
tűrte, turtle dove (Streptopelia turtur)

O Apodiformes - pinpéðm̃eikőina

F Apodidae – ƣelta̋im̃a
ƣe̋le, common swift (A. apus)
F Trochilidae - šérforta̋im̃a
nanpa̋a̋þle, hummingbird (†Eurotrochilus inexpectatus)

O Cuculiformes - antóólm̃eikőina

F Cuculidae - koukta̋im̃a
kőuke, common cuckoo (Cuculus canrus)

O Gruiformes - m̃ááðm̃eikőina

sO Ralli - m̃aaðm̃éinerkőina
F Rallidae - k̨ofta̋im̃a
k̨őpe, water rail (Rallus aquaticus)
þa̋re, corncrake (C. crex)
velı̋ke, coot (Fulica atra)
sO Grui - gerán̈erkőina
F Gruidae - géranta̋im̃a
sF Gruinae - gerán̈erta̋im̃a
gera̋ne, common crane (G. grus)
nűƣne, demoiselle crane (Anthropoides virgo)
sF Balericinae - kulúrnerta̋im̃a
kulűri, crowned crane (†Balearica rummeli)
F Otididae - kórkosta̋im̃a
korkőse, great bustard (Otis tarda)

O Gaviiformes - ðúúfm̃eikőina

F Gaviidae - axta̋im̃a
a̋xe, common loon (Gavia immer )
k̨a̋me, red-throated loon (Gavia stellata)
sűge, white-billed diver, yellow-billed loon (Gavia adamsii)
tőxte, black-throated diver, Arctic loon (Gavia arctica)

O Ciconiiformes - meznı̋ı̋vm̃eikőina

F Ciconiidae - sɔzta̋im̃a
sɔ̋że, white stork (C. ciconia)
ṡikőőne, black stork (Ciconia nigra)

O Pelecaniformes - vɪɪnasȝámm̃eikőina

F Ardeidae - rooðta̋im̃a
sF Botaurinae - astérnerta̋im̃a
aste̋re, Eurasian bittern (Botaurus stellaris)
űűpe, little bittern (Ixobrychus m. minutus)
sF Ardeinae - róóðnerða̋ma
ɫexle̋ke, black-crowned heron (N. nycticorax)
rőőde common heron (Ardea cinerea)
F Pelecanidae - karmɛta̋im̃a
ka̋rme, Dalmatian pelican (Pelecanus crispus)
F Threskiornithidae - ɫériinta̋im̃a
keilnı̋ı̋be, common spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia)
ɫerı̋ı̋ne, northern bald ibis (Geronticus eremita)
F Sulidae - ƣandɛta̋im̃a
ƣa̋nde, Northern gannet (Morus bassanus)
F Phalacrocoracidae - korkɛta̋im̃a
kőrke, great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo)
suunkőrke, common shag (Phalacrocorax aristotelis)

O Charadriiformes - k̨úðm̃eikőina

sO Scolopaci - k̨uðm̃éinerkőina
F Scolopacidae - k̨urta̋im̃a
k̨űre, Eurasian woodcock (Scolopax rusticola)
le̋nge black-tailed godwit (L. limosa)
reuðsı̋nge, spotted redshank (Tringa erythropus)
ṡűlṡe sanderling (Calidris alba)
tı̋ṡe common snipe (G. gallinago)
t̨ı̋te Eurasian curlew (Numenius arquatus)
sO Lari - póinerkőina
F Laridae - poita̋im̃a
pőȝe, Caspian gull (Larus cachinnans)
sO Charadrii - k̨uȝílnerkőina
F Charadriidae - k̨úȝilta̋im̃a
k̨uȝı̋le, Eurasian golden plover (Pluvialis apricaria)
nűƣne, Northern lapwing (V. vanellus)
F Haematopodidae - voovta̋im̃a
vőőve, oystercatcher (Haematopus ostralegus)
F Recurvirostridae - n̨óól̤axta̋im̃a
n̨ool̤a̋ke, black-winged stilt (H. himantopus)

O Falconiformes - ahgémm̃eikőina

F Falconidae - árgifta̋im̃a
argı̋pe, gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus)
ɠőixe, common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus)
ɠőixke lesser kestrel (Falso naumanni)
iþı̋ke Eurasian hobby (Falco subbuteo)
ṡa̋ske, Eurasian merlin (Falco aesalon)
F Pandionidae - gasta̋im̃a
ga̋se, osprey (Pandion haliaëtus)
F Accipitridae - muirta̋im̃a
sF Accipitrinae- gíðnerta̋im̃a
ara̋ne white-tailed eagle (Haliaëtus leucoryphus)
gı̋de, sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus)
kı̋ı̋nke European honey buzzard (Pernis apivorus)
osgı̋de, goshawk (Accipiter gentilis)
sF Aegypiinae - híím̃nerta̋im̃a
ǧeltűre griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus)
hı̋ı̋m̃e European black vulture (Aegypius monachus)
ka̋ze, Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnapterus)
ve̋e̋se, lammergeier (Gypaetus barbatus)
sF Buteoninae - ǧúúþnerta̋im̃a
gűṡe, spotted eagle (C. clanga)
ǧűűte, common buzzard (B. buteo)
ke̋e̋rde, white-tailed sea eagle (Haliaeëtus albicilla)
k̨űne, larger fish erne (†Haliaeëtus grandior)
műire, golden eagle (Aquila chrysaëtos)
ṡ̨e̋ine, steppe eagle (Aquila nipalensis)
þűbe, imperial eagle (Aquila heliaca)
þ̨e̋ine, lesser spotted eagle (Clanga pomarina)
sF Milvinae - mélgŭnerta̋im̃a
me̋lǧe red kite (M. milvus)
parűnde, black kite (Milvus m. migrans)

O Strigiformes - laaþgémm̃eikőina

F Strigidae - ṡam̃ta̋im̃a
hűnṡe, boreal owl (Aegolius funereus)
ȝı̋pe, Scops owl (Otus scops)
kahe̋ke, northern hawk owl (Surnia ulula)
kukűbe, great gray owl (Strix nebulosa)
pa̋a̋ike, Ural owl (Strix uralensis)
ṡa̋m̃e, Eurasian eagle owl (B. bubo).
ṡa̋m̃ke, little owl (Athene noctua)
tom̃ṡa̋m̃e, snowy owl (Bubo scandiacus)
űűm̃e, short-eared owl (Asio flammeus)
űge, pygmy owl (Glaucidium passerinum)
ulűle, long-eared owl (Asio otus)
F Tytonidae - tuþta̋im̃a
tűþe, barn owl (Tyto alba)

O Coraciiformes – téér̈ɛm̃eikőina

sO Alcedini - téér̈ɛm̃eikőina
F Alcedinidae – ṡéérolta̋im̃a
ṡeerőle, European kingfisher (Alcedo atthis)
F Coraciidae - ṡúsneuvlɛta̋im̃a
ṡusne̋uvle, European roller (Coracias garrulus)
F Upupidae - ópofta̋im̃a
őpe, hoopoe (Upupa epops)
F Meropidae - vííżefta̋im̃a
viiże̋fe, bee-eater (Merops apiaster)

O Piciformes - haisrénm̃eikőina

F Picidae - piixta̋im̃a
sF Piciinae - pííxnerta̋im̃a
T Dendropicini - láspiixða̋ma
laspı̋ı̋ke, spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos major)
T Picini - piixða̋ma
ka̋rke, gray-headed woodpecker (Picus canus)
pı̋ı̋ke, green woodpecker (Picus viridis)

O Passeriformes - vááxm̃eikőina

sO Passeri - vaaxm̃éinerkőina
SF Corvoidea - m̃elágufta̋im̃a
F Oriolidae - m̃élaƣta̋im̃a
m̃ela̋ge, golden oriole (O. oriolus)
F Corvidae - ðeekta̋im̃a
ðe̋e̋ke, jackdaw (Corvus monedula)
e̋e̋rne, rook (Corvus frugilegus)
ga̋a̋m̃e, carrion crow (Corvus corone)
kőrm̃e, raven (Corvus corax)
kőxse, spotted nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes)
m̃esa̋a̋ke, European magpie (P. pica)
m̃őrne, hooded crow (Corvus cornix)
ṡe̋ihe, Eurasian jay (Garrulus glandarius)
x̌őre, Siberian jay (Perisoreus infaustus)
za̋ṡ̬e, Alpine chough (Pyrrhocorax graculus)
F Regulidae - m̃erbɛta̋im̃a
m̃e̋rbe, goldcrest (R. regulus)
SF Sylvioidea - ṡífufta̋im̃a
F Sylviidae - ṡifta̋im̃a
ṡı̋fe, Eurasian blackcap (Sylvia atricapillus)
F Alaudidae - painta̋im̃a
f̨a̋lbe, woodlark (Lullula arborea)
kébarpa̋ine, calandra lark (Melanocorypha calandra)
pa̋ine, crested lark (Galerida cristata)
ƥoltőre, Eurasian skylark (Alauda arvensis)
F Hirundinidae – ƣelta̋im̃a
ɔ̋ṡe, red-rumped swallow (Cecropis daurica)
ƣe̋le, barn swallow (Hirundo r. rustica)
ša̋lm̃e, house martin (Delichon urbicum)
F Acrocephalidae - elta̋im̃a
e̋le, Eurasian reed warbler (Acrocephalus scirpaeceus)
SF Certhioidea - f̨ápufta̋im̃a
F Sittidae - f̨apta̋im̃a
f̨a̋pe, Eurasian nuthatch (Sitta europea)
SF Muscicapoidea - moxlávufta̋im̃a
F Muscicapidae - móxlafta̋im̃a
sF Muscicapinae - moxláfnerta̋im̃a
moxla̋ve, spotted flycatcher (Muscicapa striata)
sF Saxicolinae - ám̃eeðta̋im̃a
am̃e̋e̋de, nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos)
ɔn̨a̋le, European robin (Erithacus rubecula)
F Turdidae - mésolta̋im̃a
kőfse, blackbird (Turdus merula)
mesőle, song thrush (Turdus philomelos)
ṡűge, mistle thrush (Turdus viscivorus)
F Sturnidae - ternɛta̋im̃a
te̋rne, European starling (Sturnus v. vulgaris)
SF Passeroidea- párm̃ufta̋im̃a
F Passeridae - parm̃ɛta̋im̃a
pa̋rm̃e house sparrow (Passer domesticus)
pe̋rge, Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus)
tom̃pa̋rm̃e, snow finch (Montifringilla nivalis)
F Motacillidae - keilta̋im̃a
ke̋ile, blue-headed wagtail (Motacilla a. alba)
moota̋ke, white wagtail (Motacilla F flava)
F Fringillidae - fingɛta̋im̃a
sF Fringillinae - fíngɛnerta̋im̃a
fı̋nge, chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs)
n̨a̋nge, Eurasian bullfinch (P. pyrrhula)
reuðfı̋nge rosefinch (Carpodacus erythrinus)
sF Carduelinae - ƥa̋fnerta̋im̃a
ƥa̋pe, Eurasian siskin (Carduelis spinus)
luskɛfı̋nge, European goldfinch (C. carduelis)
F Emberizidae – ṡeiƣta̋im̃a
eelṡe̋iƣe, corn bunting (Emberiza calandra)
ɠorṡe̋iƣe, common reed bunting (Emberiza schoeniclus)
lı̋nte, snow bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis)
pifṡe̋iƣe, rock bunting (Emberiza cia)
ṡe̋iƣe, yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella)
ṡı̋ṡe, Lapland longspur (Calcarius lapponicus)
SF Paroidea - ṡɔ́nufta̋im̃a
F Paridae - ṡɔnta̋im̃a
ȝasṡɔ̋ne, willow tit (Poecile montanus)
kooxṡɔ̋ne, Eurasian blue tit (Poecile montanus)
ṡɔ̋ne, great tit (Parus major)

O Caprimulgiformes - haisrénm̃eikőina

F Caprimulgidae - fúúiniivta̋im̃a
sF Caprimulginae - fuuiníívnerta̋im̃a
fuuinı̋ı̋be, European nightjar (Caprimulgus europaeus)


Notes

  1. Names in red are those of birds that did not exist in Sefdaania.
  2. The numbers indicate the number of lemmata, not the number of species.


Taxonomic Table taƣsaar̈a̋s ȝezgı̋ı̋ro

O Struthioniformes - mezréésmeikőina

  • struthioniform, mézreesme̋ȝe [me̋żi, great; re̋e̋sa, i.v. run; me̋ȝe, bird]
F Struthionidae -
001 kurűle, ostrich(†Pachystruthio spp.) [> Biscayan kurrillo, crane]

O Anseriformes – erpéðmeikőina

  • anseriform, súƣpeðm̃e̋ȝe [sűgo, oar; pe̋do, foot; m̃e̋ȝe, bird]
F Anatidae - kuuƣta̋im̃a
sF Anserinae - kúúƣnerta̋im̃a
T Cygnini - kuuƣða̋a̋ma
002 alve̋de, tundra swan (Olor bewickii) [> Lithuanian balañdis, dove]
003 e̋lm̨̃e, whooper swan (C. cygnus) [> Latin olor, swan]
004 hőlve, mute swan (Cygnus olor) [> Lithuanian gulbis]
cpd konhőlve, black swan (Chenopis atratus) [koni, adj. black]
cpd konkűże, black-necked swan (Sthenelides melancoryphus) [koni, adj. black; kűże, neck]
005 kűűge, giant swan (†Cygnus falconeri) [> Turkish koɣu, swan]
cpd m̃ésalve̋de, whistling swan (Olor columbianus) [m̃e̋sa, west]
cpd m̃ese̋lm̨̃e, trumpeter swan (Olor buccinator) [m̃e̋sa, west]
cpd żoke̋lm̨̃e coscoroba swan (C. coscoroba) [żóki, adv. almost]
T Anserini - hánsɛða̋a̋ma
006 ga̋a̋re, taiga bean goose (Anser fabalis) [> Turkish kaz, goose]
007 ha̋nse, graylag goose (A. anser) [> English goose]
008 ka̋nge, snow goose (Chen caerulescens) [> Yupik kaŋuq, snow goose]
009 k̨uȝı̋le, white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons)
010 lűnte, red-breasted goose (Branta ruficollis) [> Hungarian lűd, wild goose]
sF Tadorninae – ƣándɛnerta̋im̃a
011 ƣa̋nde ruddy shelduck (Tadorna ferruginea) [> English gannet]
012 þ̨a̋xe, common shelduck (T. tadorna) [> Old Japanese takabe, teal]
sF Anatinae - nááþnerta̋im̃a
013 a̋a̋ibe, pintail duck (Anas acuta) [> Turkish ördek, duck]
014 ɠa̋le, Eurasian widgeon (Anas penelope) [> Japanese がん kári, goose]
015 na̋a̋te, mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) [> German Ente, duck]
016 pɔ̋ȝe, garganey (Anas querquedula).
017 take̋ste northern shoveler (Anas clypea).
sF Aythyinae - báðnerta̋im̃a
018 ba̋de, tufted duck (Aythya fuligula) [> Mongolian bödüne, quail]
019 me̋ðge, common pochard (Aythya ferina) [> English merganser]
020 ṡőðke, greater scaup (Aythya marila).
sF Merginae – ééþnerta̋im̃a
021 anga̋te, common scoter (Melanitta nigra)
022 e̋e̋te, common eider (Somateria mollissima) [> English eider]
023 m̃a̋iṡe, velvet scoter (Melanitta fusca) [> Estonian vais, scoter]
024 sőðke, long-tailed duck (Clangula hyemalis) [> Finnish sotka, any bird of the genus Aytha]
025 ta̋a̋re, merganser (Mergus merganser)

O Galliformes - talpááþmeikőina

  • galliform, tálpaaþme̋ȝe [ta̋le, ground; pa̋a̋ta, i.v. feed; me̋ȝe, bird]
SF Phasianoidea - reekínufta̋im̃a
F Phasianidae - réékinta̋im̃a
sF Coturnicinae - reekín̈erta̋im̃a
026 reekı̋ne, common quail (C. coturnix)
sF Pavoninae – namílnerta̋im̃a
027 namı̋le, peacock (†Pavo bravardi) [> Tamil ñamali, peacock]
sF Gallininae - káxnerta̋im̃a
028 ka̋ke, chicken (Gallus spp.)
sF Meleagridinae - ziɫníívnerta̋im̃a
cpd ziɫnı̋ı̋ve, turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) [zı̋ɫo, wattle; nı̋ı̋bo, bill]
sF Perdicinae - m̃ortóxnerta̋im̃a
029 ka̋ure, chukar (Alectoris chukar) [> Sanskrit चकोर cakőra-, chukar]
030 m̃ortőke, Eastern grey partridge (P. perdix lucida) [> Sanskrit वर्तक vartaka-, quail]
sF Tetraoninae - réuvnerta̋im̃a
031 aka̋rƣe, willow ptarmigan (L. lagopus)
032 ere̋mbe, hazel grouse (Tetrastes bonasia) [> German Rebhuhn, hazel grouse]
033 kopa̋le, Caucasian grouse (Tetrao mlokosiewiczi) [> Finnish koppelo, female capercaillie]
034 pı̋pe, black grouse (Tetrao tetrix) [> Lithuanian píepala, quail]
035 re̋ube, rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta) [> Danish rẏpe, rock ptarmigan]
036 tete̋rm̃e, capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) [> Danish tjur, capercaillie]
sF Phasianinae - kokóvnerta̋im̃a
037 kokőbe, Caucasus pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) [> Georgian ხოხობი xoxobi]
038 kűxre, Caucasus snowcock (Tetraogallus caucasicus)


O Podicipediformes - laavpéðmeikőina

  • podicipediform, láávpeðme̋ȝe [la̋a̋bo, lobe; pe̋do, foot; me̋ȝe, bird]
F Podicipedidae - nɔnta̋im̃a
039 kűȝe, horned grebe (Podiceps auritus) [> Korean 거위 geowi, domestic goose]
040 nɔ̋ne, crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus)


O Phoenicopteriformes - n̨oolfúnmeikőina

  • phoenicopteriform, láávpeðme̋ȝe [n̨őőli, adj. pink; fűno, feather me̋ȝe, bird]
F Phoenicopteridae - n̨oolgéranta̋im̃a
cpd n̨óólgera̋ne greater flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) [n̨őőli, adj. pink; gera̋ne, crane]


O Columbiformes - voiðs̨úúþmeikőina

  • columbiform, vóiðs̨uuþme̋ȝe [vőido, crop; s̨űűþo, milk; me̋ȝe, bird]
F Columbidae - álunta̋im̃a
sF Columbinae - alún̈erta̋im̃a
041 alűne, rock dove (Columba l. livia)
cpd deeltűrte, collared dove (Streptopelia decaocto) [de̋e̋lo, collar]
042 kolőmbe, stock dove (Columba oenas) [> English columbine]
043 pelőnve, European wood pigeon (Columba p. palumbus) [> English palomino]
044 tűrte, turtle dove (Streptopelia turtur) [> English turtledove]


O Apodiformes - pinpéðm̃eikőina

  • apodiform, pínpeðm̃e̋ȝe [pı̋ni, adj. small; pe̋do, foot; me̋ȝe, bird]
F Apodidae – ƣelta̋im̃a
045 ƣe̋le, common swift (A. apus)
F Trochilidae - šérforta̋im̃a
cpd nanpa̋a̋þle, hummingbird (†Eurotrochilus inexpectatus) [na̋a̋no, flower; pa̋a̋ta, feed; -l, agent]


O Cuculiformes - antóólm̃eikőina

  • cuculiform, ántoolm̃e̋ȝe [ani, adj. other; tőőla, i.v. lay an egg; me̋ȝe, bird]
F Cuculidae - koukta̋im̃a
046 kőuke, common cuckoo (Cuculus canrus) [> English cuckoo]


O Gruiformes - m̃ááðm̃eikőina

  • gruiform, m̃aaðm̃e̋ȝe [m̃a̋a̋ða, t.v. wade; me̋ȝe, bird]

sO Ralli - m̃aaðm̃éinerkőina

F Rallidae - k̨ofta̋im̃a
047 k̨őpe, water rail (Rallus aquaticus) [> Japanese くいな kuina, water rail]
048 þa̋re, corncrake (C. crex) [> Kirghiz tartar, corncrake]
049 velı̋ke, coot (Fulica atra) [> Latin fulica, coot]

sO Grui - gerán̈erkőina

F Gruidae - géranta̋im̃a
sF Gruinae - gerán̈erta̋im̃a
050 gera̋ne, common crane (G. grus) [> English crane]
051 nűƣne, demoiselle crane (Anthropoides virgo) [> Korean nǝ̄sä, bustard]
sF Balericinae - kulúrnerta̋im̃a
052 kulűri, crowned crane (†Balearica rummeli) [> Parji kulur, a kind of crane
F Otididae - kórkosta̋im̃a
053 korkőse, great bustard (Otis tarda)


O Gaviiformes - ðúúfm̃eikőina

  • gaviiform, ðuufm̃e̋ȝe [ðűűpa, i.v. wade; me̋ȝe, bird]
F Gaviidae - axta̋im̃a
054 a̋xe, common loon (Gavia immer) [> Tungusic aKa, loon]
055 k̨a̋me, red-throated loon (Gavia stellata)
056 sűge, white-billed diver, yellow-billed loon (Gavia adamsii) [> Japanese サギ sági, heron]
057 tőxte, black-throated diver, Arctic loon (Gavia arctica) [> Finnish tohtoja, black-throated loon]


O Sphenisciformes - šemfórm̃eikőina

  • sphenisciform, šémform̃e̋ȝe [še̋ma, i.v. swim; főro, wing; me̋ȝe, bird]
F Spheniscidae d̨aƣm̃e̋ȝe, penguin spp. [d̨a̋ƣe, fish; m̃e̋ȝe, bird]


O Ciconiiformes - meznı̋ı̋vm̃eikőina

  • ciconiiform, mézniivm̃e̋ȝe [me̋żi, adj. great; nı̋ı̋bo, bill; m̃e̋ȝe, bird]
F Ciconiidae - sɔzta̋im̃a
058 sɔ̋że, white stork (C. ciconia) [> English stork]
059 ṡikőőne, black stork (Ciconia nigra) [> Latin ciconia, stork]


O Pelecaniformes - vɪnasȝámm̃eikőina

  • pelecaniform, vɪnásȝamm̃e̋ȝe [vɪ-, privative prefix; na̋so, nose; ȝa̋mo, hole; me̋ȝe, bird]
F Ardeidae - rooðta̋im̃a
sF Botaurinae - astérnerta̋im̃a
060 aste̋re, Eurasian bittern (Botaurus stellaris) [> Old Greek αστερίας, B. stellaris]
061 űűpe, little bittern (Ixobrychus m. minutus) [> Old English ūf, owl]
sF Ardeinae - róóðnerða̋ma
062 ɫexle̋ke, black-crowned heron (N. nycticorax) [> Turkish leylek, stork]
063 rőőde common heron (Ardea cinerea) [> Latin ardea, heron]
F Pelecanidae - karmɛta̋im̃a
064 ka̋rme, Dalmatian pelican (Pelecanus crispus) [> Karakhanid qorday, pelican]
F Threskiornithidae - ɫériinta̋im̃a
cpd keilnı̋ı̋be, common spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia) [keilo, spoon; nı̋ı̋bo, bill]
065 ɫerı̋ı̋ne, northern bald ibis (Geronticus eremita).
F Sulidae - ƣandɛta̋im̃a
066 ƣa̋nde, Northern gannet (Morus bassanus) [> English gannet]
F Phalacrocoracidae - korkɛta̋im̃a
067 kőrke, great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) [> Sami, goargga, puffin]
cpd suunkőrke, common shag (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) [sűűno, crest]


O Charadriiformes - k̨úðm̃eikőina

  • chardriiform, k̨uðm̃e̋ȝe [k̨udo, shore; m̃e̋ȝe, bird]

sO Scolopaci - k̨uðm̃éinerkőina

F Scolopacidae - k̨urta̋im̃a
068 k̨űre, Eurasian woodcock (Scolopax rusticola)
069 le̋nge black-tailed godwit (L. limosa)
cpd reuðsı̋nge, spotted redshank (Tringa erythropus)
070 ṡűlṡe sanderling (Calidris alba)
071 tı̋ṡe common snipe (G. gallinago)
072 t̨ı̋te Eurasian curlew (Numenius arquatus)

sO Lari - póinerkőina

F Laridae - poita̋im̃a
073 ka̋ȝe, herring gull (Larus argentatus)
074 me̋m̃e, mew, common gull (Larus canus) [> English mew]
075 naƣűȝe, black-headed gull (Chroicocephalus ridibundus) [> Inupik naujaq, seagull]
076 pőȝe, Caspian gull (Larus cachinnans) [> Hungarian , k. of duck]

sO Charadrii - k̨uȝílnerkőina

F Charadriidae - k̨úȝilta̋im̃a
077 k̨uȝı̋le, Eurasian golden plover (Pluvialis apricaria) [> Japanese ケリ *keri, lapwing]
078 nűƣne, Northern lapwing (V. vanellus)
F Haematopodidae - voovta̋im̃a
079 vőőve, oystercatcher (Haematopus ostralegus).
F Recurvirostridae - n̨óól̤axta̋im̃a
cpd n̨ool̤a̋ke, black-winged stilt (H. himantopus) [n̨őőli, adj. pink; la̋ko, leg]


O Falconiformes - ahgémm̃eikőina

  • falconiform, áhgemm̃e̋ȝe [a̋ha, day; gema, t.v. prey upon; m̃e̋ȝe, bird]
F Falconidae - árgifta̋im̃a
080 argı̋pe, gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus)
081 ɠőixe, common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) [> Old Turkish kekẏk, bird of prey]
drv ɠőixke lesser kestrel (Falso naumanni) [-ke, diminutive suffix]
082 iþı̋ke Eurasian hobby (Falco subbuteo) [> Mongolian itaɣu, falcon]
083 ṡa̋ske, Eurasian merlin (Falco aesalon)
F Pandionidae - gasta̋im̃a
084 ga̋se, osprey (Pandion haliaëtus) [> Evenki gus, eagle]
F Accipitridae - muirta̋im̃a
sF Accipitrinae- gíðnerta̋im̃a
085 ara̋ne white-tailed eagle (Haliaëtus leucoryphus) [> Gipuzkoanarrano, eagle]
086 gı̋de, sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) [> Telugugiḍḍu, hawk]
087 kı̋ı̋nke European honey buzzard (Pernis apivorus) [> Hunza, ibid.]
cpd osgı̋de, goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) [őṡi, adj. fast]
sF Aegypiinae - híím̃nerta̋im̃a
088 ǧeltűre griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus) [> English vulture]
089 hı̋ı̋m̃e European black vulture (Aegypius monachus)
090 ka̋ze, Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnapterus) [> Tamil kaẓu, Egyptian vulture]
091 ve̋e̋se, lammergeier (Gypaetus barbatus) [> Greek φήνη, lammergeier]
sF Buteoninae - ǧúúþnerta̋im̃a
092 gűṡe, spotted eagle (C. clanga) [> Turkish güçen, eagle]
093 ǧűűte, common buzzard (B. buteo) [> Latin būt, hawk or falcon]
094 ke̋e̋rde, white-tailed sea eagle (Haliaeëtus albicilla) [> Turkish kartal, eagle]
095 k̨űne, larger fish erne (†Haliaeëtus grandior)
096 műire, golden eagle (Aquila chrysaëtos) [> Korean 매 mae, falcon]
097 ṡ̨e̋ine, steppe eagle (Aquila nipalensis) [> Sanskrit श्येन śyená-, hawk, falcon, eagle]
098 þűbe, imperial eagle (Aquila heliaca) [> Korean 독수리 doksuri, eagle]
099 þ̨e̋ine, lesser spotted eagle (Clanga pomarina) [> Old Greek κτῑνος, kite]
sF Milvinae - mélgŭnerta̋im̃a
100 me̋lǧe red kite (M. milvus) [> Latin mīlvus, kite]
101 parűnde, black kite (Milvus m. migrans) [> Tamil paruntu, kite]


O Strigiformes - laaþgémm̃eikőina

  • strigiform, lááþgemm̃e̋ȝe [la̋a̋ta, night; ge̋ma, t.v. prey upon; m̃e̋ȝe, bird]
F Strigidae - ṡam̃ta̋im̃a
102 hűnṡe, boreal owl (Aegolius funereus) [> Low Navarrese huntz, owl]
103 ȝı̋pe, Scops owl (Otus scops) [> Finnish hyyp, eagle owl]
104 kahe̋ke, northern hawk owl (Surnia ulula) [> Low Navarrese kaheka, owl]
105 kukűbe, great gray owl (Strix nebulosa ) [> Latin cucubiō, hoot]
106 pa̋a̋ike, Ural owl (Strix uralensis) [> Turkish bayk, owl]
107 ṡa̋m̃e, Eurasian eagle owl (B. bubo).
drv ṡa̋m̃ke, little owl (Athene noctua) [-ke, diminutive suffix]
cpd tom̃ṡa̋m̃e, snowy owl (Bubo scandiacus) [tom̃o, snow]
108 űűm̃e, short-eared owl (Asio flammeus) [> English owl]
109 űge, pygmy owl (Glaucidium passerinum) [> Turkish öj, owl]
110 ulűle, long-eared owl (Asio otus) [> Latin ulula, owl]
F Tytonidae - tuþta̋im̃a
111 tűþe, barn owl (Tyto alba) [> English, Tytonidae]


O Coraciiformes – téér̈ɛm̃eikőina

  • coraciiform, teer̈ɛm̃e̋ȝe [te̋e̋r̈i, adj. colorful; m̃e̋ȝe, bird]

sO Alcedini - téér̈ɛm̃eikőina

F Alcedinidae – ṡéérolta̋im̃a
112 ṡeerőle, European kingfisher (Alcedo atthis)
F Coraciidae - ṡúsneuvlɛta̋im̃a
cpd ṡusne̋uvle, European roller (Coracias garrulus) [ṡuṡa, t.v. whirl; ne̋uva, t.v. court]
F Upupidae - ópofta̋im̃a
113 őpe, hoopoe (Upupa epops) [> English hoopoe]
F Meropidae - vííżefta̋im̃a
cpd viiże̋fe, bee-eater (Merops apiaster) [vı̋ı̋e, bee; że̋fa, i.v. eat [of animals]]


O Piciformes - haisrénm̃eikőina

  • piciform, háisrenm̃e̋ȝe [ha̋isi, tree; re̋na, t.v. climb; m̃e̋ȝe, bird]
F Picidae - piixta̋im̃a
sF Piciinae - pííxnerta̋im̃a
T Dendropicini - láspiixða̋ma
cpd laspı̋ı̋ke, spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos major) [la̋ṡi, adj. speckled]
T Picini - piixða̋ma
114 ka̋rke, gray-headed woodpecker (Picus canus) [> Finnish kärki, Picus viridis]
115 pı̋ı̋ke, green woodpecker (Picus viridis) [> German Specht, woodpecker]


O Passeriformes - vááxm̃eikőina

  • passeriform, vaaxm̃e̋ȝe [va̋a̋xa, i.v. perch; m̃e̋ȝe, bird]

sO Passeri - vaaxm̃éinerkőina

SF Corvoidea - m̃elágufta̋im̃a
F Oriolidae - m̃élaƣta̋im̃a
116 m̃ela̋ge, golden oriole (O. oriolus) [> English whitwall]
F Corvidae - ðeekta̋im̃a
117 ðe̋e̋ke, jackdaw (Corvus monedula) [> English daw]
118 e̋e̋rne, rook (Corvus frugilegus)
119 ga̋a̋m̃e, carrion crow (Corvus corone) [> Latin gāvia, gull]
120 kőrm̃e, raven (Corvus corax) [> Latin corvus, raven]
121 kőxse, spotted nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes)
122 m̃esa̋a̋ke, European magpie (P. pica)
123 m̃őrne, hooded crow (Corvus cornix)> Lithuanian várna, crow]
124 ṡe̋ihe, Eurasian jay (Garrulus glandarius) [> German Häher, jay]
125 x̌őre, Siberian jay (Perisoreus infaustus) [> Latin cornīx, crow]
126 za̋ṡ̬e, Alpine chough (Pyrrhocorax graculus) [> Georgian შაშვი šašvi, blackbird]
F Regulidae - m̃erbɛta̋im̃a
127 m̃e̋rbe, goldcrest (R. regulus) [> Lithuanian žvirblis, sparrow]
SF Sylvioidea - ṡífufta̋im̃a
F Sylviidae - ṡifta̋im̃a
128 ṡı̋fe, Eurasian blackcap (Sylvia atricapillus) [> Korean 제비 jebi, swallow]
F Alaudidae - painta̋im̃a
129 f̨a̋lbe, Eurasian skylark (Alauda arvensis) [> Japanese ひばり hìbari, skylark]
cpd kébarpa̋ine, calandra lark (Melanocorypha calandra) [keba̋ro, steppe]
130 pa̋ine, crested lark (Galerida cristata) [> Greek σπίνος, finch]
131 ƥoltőre, woodlark (Lullula arborea) [> Turkish bıldırcın, quail]
F Hirundinidae – ƣelta̋im̃a
132 ɔ̋ṡe, red-rumped swallow (Cecropis daurica) [> Georgian მერცხალი mercxali, swallow]
133 ƣe̋le, barn swallow (Hirundo r. rustica) [> Latin hirundo, swallow]
134 ša̋lm̃e, house martin (Delichon urbicum) > German Schwalbe, swallow]
F Acrocephalidae - elta̋im̃a
135 e̋le, Eurasian reed warbler (Acrocephalus scirpaeceus) [> Old Greek έλεια, reed warbler]
SF Certhioidea - f̨ápufta̋im̃a
F Sittidae - f̨apta̋im̃a
136 f̨a̋pe, Eurasian nuthatch (Sitta europea) [> Evenki hiwi, k. of sparrow]
SF Muscicapoidea - moxlávufta̋im̃a
F Muscicapidae - móxlafta̋im̃a
sF Muscicapinae - moxláfnerta̋im̃a
cpd moxla̋ve, spotted flycatcher (Muscicapa striata) [mőke, fly; la̋va, t.v. catch]
sF Saxicolinae - ám̃eeðta̋im̃a
137 am̃e̋e̋de, nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos)
138 ɔn̨a̋le, European robin (Erithacus rubecula)
F Turdidae - mésolta̋im̃a
139 kőfse, blackbird (Turdus merula) [> Old Greek κόψιχος, blackbird]
140 mesőle, song thrush (Turdus philomelos) [> English merle]
141 ṡűge, mistle thrush (Turdus viscivorus)
F Sturnidae - ternɛta̋im̃a
142 te̋rne, European starling (Sturnus v. vulgaris) [> English starling]
SF Passeroidea- párm̃ufta̋im̃a
F Passeridae - parm̃ɛta̋im̃a
143 pa̋rm̃e house sparrow (Passer domesticus) [> English sparrow]
144 pe̋rge, Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus) [> German Sperling, sparrow]
cpd tom̃pa̋rm̃e, snow finch (Montifringilla nivalis) [tom̃o, snow]
F Motacillidae - keilta̋im̃a
145 ke̋ile, blue-headed wagtail (Motacilla a. alba) [> Lithuanian kielė, wagtail]
146 moota̋ke, white wagtail (Motacilla f. flava) [> Latin mōtacilla, white wagtail]
F Fringillidae - fingɛta̋im̃a
sF Fringillinae - fíngɛnerta̋im̃a
147 fı̋nge, chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) [> English finch]
148 n̨a̋nge, Eurasian bullfinch (P. pyrrhula) [> Mongolian ǯana, bullfinch]
cpd reuðfı̋nge rosefinch (Carpodacus erythrinus) [re̋ude, adj. red]
sF Carduelinae - ƥa̋fnerta̋im̃a
149 ƥa̋pe, Eurasian siskin (Carduelis spinus)
cpd luskɛɛfı̋nge, European goldfinch (C. carduelis) [lűsko, mask]
F Emberizidae – ṡeiƣta̋im̃a
cpd eelṡe̋iƣe, corn bunting (Emberiza calandra) [<e̋e̋lo, stripe]
cpd ɠorṡe̋iƣe, common reed bunting (Emberiza schoeniclus) [ɠőro, reed]
150 lı̋nte, snow bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis)
cpd pifṡe̋iƣe, rock bunting (Emberiza cia) [pı̋pa, i.v. chirp]
151 ṡe̋iƣe, yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella)
152 ṡı̋ṡe, Lapland longspur (Calcarius lapponicus) [> Sami, cicce, longspur]
SF Paroidea - ṡɔ́nufta̋im̃a
F Paridae - ṡɔnta̋im̃a
cpd ȝasṡɔ̋ne, willow tit (Poecile montanus) [ȝa̋ṡo, pine forest]
cpd kooxṡɔ̋ne, Eurasian blue tit (Poecile montanus) [kőőxi, blue]
153 ṡɔ̋ne, great tit (Parus major) [> Mari cuńa, titmouse]


O Caprimulgiformes - haisrénm̃eikőina

F Caprimulgidae - fúúiniivta̋im̃a
sF Caprimulginae - fuuiníívnerta̋im̃a
cpd fuuinı̋ı̋be, European nightjar (Caprimulgus europaeus) [fűűȝo, bristle; nı̋ı̋bo, bill]


Senjecas Tax. Fungi