Middle High Jermench (MGR): Difference between revisions

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==== 2nd Declension ====
==== 2nd Declension ====
=====Group I=====
Masculine.
{|
| <div>'''A'''
''Standard paradigm''<br><br>
{{shaded table| title=2nd Declension – Group Ia | cols=4 }}
|||||''Singular''||''Plural''
|-
|||''Nominative''||– ||̈– (e)
|-
|||''Accusative''||– ||– s
|-
|||''Genitive''||– s||– er
|-
|||''Dative''||̈– (e)||̈– (e)s
|}
</div>
| <div>'''B'''
''Nouns with loss/assimilation of final -s <br> after /s/, /z/, or /t͡s/.''
{{shaded table| title=2nd Declension – Group Ib | cols=4 }}
|||||''Singular''||''Plural''
|-
|||''Nominative''||– ||̈– (e)
|-
|||''Accusative''||– ||–
|-
|||''Genitive''||– ||– er
|-
|||''Dative''||̈– (e)||̈– (es)
|}
<br>
=====Group II=====
Masculine.
{|
| <div>'''A'''
''Standard paradigm''<br><br>
{{shaded table| title=2nd Declension – Group IIa | cols=4 }}
|||||''Singular''||''Plural''
|-
|||''Nominative''||– s||̈– (e)
|-
|||''Accusative''||– ||– s
|-
|||''Genitive''||– s||– er
|-
|||''Dative''||̈– (e)|||̈– (e)s
|}
</div>
| <div>'''B'''
''Nouns with loss/assimilation of final -s <br> after /s/, /z/, or /t͡s/.''
{{shaded table| title=2nd Declension – Group IIb | cols=4 }}
|||||''Singular''||''Plural''
|-
|||''Nominative''||– ||̈– (e)
|-
|||''Accusative''||– ||–
|-
|||''Genitive''||– ||– er
|-
|||''Dative''||̈– (e)||̈– (es)
|}
<br>
=====Group III=====
Masculine.
{|
| <div>'''A'''
''Standard paradigm''<br><br>
{{shaded table| title=2nd Declension – Group IIIa | cols=4 }}
|||||''Singular''||''Plural''
|-
|||''Nominative''||– s||̈– (e)
|-
|||''Accusative''||– ||– s
|-
|||''Genitive''||̈– (e)||– er
|-
|||''Dative''||– ||̈– (e)s
|}
</div>
| <div>'''B'''
''Nouns with loss/assimilation of final -s <br> after /s/, /z/, or /t͡s/.''
{{shaded table| title=2nd Declension – Group IIIb | cols=4 }}
|||||''Singular''||''Plural''
|-
|||''Nominative''||– ||̈– (e)
|-
|||''Accusative''||– ||–
|-
|||''Genitive''||̈– (e)||– er
|-
|||''Dative''||– ||̈– (es)
|}
<br>
=====Group IV=====
Masculine.
{|
| <div>'''A'''
''Standard paradigm''<br><br>
{{shaded table| title=2nd Declension – Group IVa | cols=4 }}
|||||''Singular''||''Plural''
|-
|||''Nominative''||– ||̈– (e)
|-
|||''Accusative''||– ||– s
|-
|||''Genitive''||̈– (e)||– er
|-
|||''Dative''||– ||̈– (e)s
|}
</div>
| <div>'''B'''
''Nouns with loss/assimilation of final -s <br> after /s/, /z/, or /t͡s/.''
{{shaded table| title=2nd Declension – Group IVb | cols=4 }}
|||||''Singular''||''Plural''
|-
|||''Nominative''||– ||̈– (e)
|-
|||''Accusative''||– ||–
|-
|||''Genitive''||̈– (e)||– er
|-
|||''Dative''||– ||̈– (es)
|}
<br>


==== 3rd Declension ====
==== 3rd Declension ====

Revision as of 15:05, 10 December 2008

This article is a work in progress.
The contents may be tentative, incomplete, inaccurate, in need of elaboration, subject to later revision, or just plain sketchy.

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Middle High Jermench
Jërmenech
Spoken in: Holy Roman Empire
Conworld: Mundus Germaniae Romanae
Total speakers: unknown
Genealogical classification: Indo-European
Romance
Northern-Romance
Middle High Jermench
Basic word order: SVO
Morphological type: inflecting
Morphosyntactic alignment: nominative-accusative
Writing system:
Created by:
P Collier, BP Jonsson 2006+

Introduction

Modern Descendants

Phonology

Consonants


Consonants
Bilabial Labiodental Alveolar Postalveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ŋ
Plosive p   b t   d k   g
Affricate p͡f     t͡s    
Fricative f   v s     z ʃ   x     h
Approximant w j
Trill r
Lateral l


Vowels


Vowels
Front Near-front Central Near-back Back
High iː   yː uː
Near-high ɪ   y ʊ
High-mid e   øː oː
Mid ə
Low-mid ɛ   ø ɔ   ɔː
Low æ   æː a   aː


Phonological History

Morphology

Nouns

1st Declension

During the Middle High Jermench period, the reduction of unstressed vowels led to a reanalysis of the final /ə/, which was ultimately present in all forms, as being part of the noun stem.

Group I

Feminine.

A

Standard paradigm

1st Declension – Group Ia
Singular Plural
Nominative – – s
Accusative – – s
Genitive – – r
Dative – ̈– s
B

Nouns with loss/assimilation of final -s
after /s/, /z/, or /t͡s/.

1st Declension – Group Ic
Singular Plural
Nominative – –
Accusative – –
Genitive – – r
Dative – ̈–


2nd Declension

3rd Declension

Group I

Feminine.

A

Standard paradigm

3rd Declension – Group Ia
Singular Plural
Nominative – s – s
Accusative – – s
Genitive – s –
Dative ̈– (e)¹ – es
B

Nouns with loss/assimilation of final -s
after /s/, /z/, or /t͡s/.

3rd Declension – Group Ib
Singular Plural
Nominative – –
Accusative – –
Genitive – –
Dative ̈– (e)¹ – es


¹ Forms arising from primary I-mutation had generally lost their final vowel in OHJ. In nouns that underwent secondary I-mutation in MHJ, the final vowel was retained (and weakened to /ə/).

Pronouns

Pronouns
Singular Plural
masculine feminine reflexive impersonal masculine feminine reflexive
1st person Nominative ju ― ― nus ―
Accusative mei ― nus
Genitive mi ― ― noster ―
Dative möue ― ― nous ―
2nd person Nominative zu ― ― wus ―
Accusative zei ― wus
Genitive twi ― ― wëster ―
Dative zöue ― ― wous ―
3rd person Nominative el elle ― hom illî ellas ―
Accusative sei hom sei
Genitive schwi ― homs schwi ―
Dative söue ― hœme sis ―
Interrogative
& relative 		Nominative ki ― ― ki ―
Accusative kie ― ― kus quas
Genitive köus quæs ― ― kour quar ―
Dative ki quæ ― ― kius ―


Verbs

Indicative Mood

1st Conjugation
2nd Conjugation

Subjunctive Mood

1st Conjugation
2nd Conjugation

Imperative Mood

Infinitive and Past Participles

Auxilliary Verbs

Ëstzer (to be)
Present
Singular Plural
1st person sou soums
2nd person ës ësts
3rd Person ëst suntz
Preterite (Simple Past)
Singular Plural
1st person düe doums
2nd person düste dusts
3rd Person dus dourntz

Ëstzer was used in conjunction with a passive participle to create the passive voice.

Haber (to have)
Present
Singular Plural
1st person hab habems
2nd person hos habets
3rd Person hous hontz
Preterite (Simple Past)
Singular Plural
1st person houwe houwems
2nd person houweste houwests
3rd Person houwt houwerntz
Wiener (to come)
Present
Singular Plural
1st person wien wienems
2nd person wienes wieneszes
3rd Person wienes wienentz
Preterite (Simple Past)
Singular Plural
1st person winwe winwems
2nd person winweste winwests
3rd Person wines winwerntz

Articles

Definite Article

Definite Article
Masculine Feminine
Nom. sing. lie li
Acc. sing. lou lus
Gen. sing. löus lour
Dat. sing. löu lis
Nom. plur. la las
Acc. plur. la las
Gen. plur. læs lour
Dat. plur. læ lis

Indefinite Article

Indefinite Article
Masculine Feminine
Nom. sing. uns une
Acc. sing. un une
Gen. sing. unöus unæs
Dat. sing. unöu unæ

Sample Texts

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