Limli: Phonology: Difference between revisions

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==Table of Phonemes==
==Table of Phonemes==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1300px;"
 
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1150px;"
! MOA
! MOA
! colspan="3" | nasals
! colspan="3" | nasals
|
|
! colspan="3" | stops
! colspan="4" | stops
|
|
! colspan="3" | fricatives
! colspan="3" | fricatives
Line 21: Line 22:
| /p/
| /p/
| /t/
| /t/
| /k/
| /k/
| /ʔ/
!
!
| /ɸ/
| /ɸ/
| /β/
| /h/
| /h/
| /s/
!
!
| /w/
| /w/
| /j/
| /l/
!
!
| /i/
| /i/
Line 41: Line 43:
| ㄲ <sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup>
| ㄲ <sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup>
!
!
| ㅂ <sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup>
| ㅂ
| ㅌ
| ㅌ
| ㄱ <sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup>
| ㄱ
| ㅋ <sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup>
!
!
| ㅍ <sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup>
| ㅍ <sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup>
| ㅃ <sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup>
| ㅎ
| ㅎ
| ㅅ
!
!
| <sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup>
| <sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup>
| <sup>{{Color|red|7}}</sup>
| ㄹ
!
!
| 이
| 이
Line 65: Line 68:
| p
| p
| t
| t
| k
| k
| q
!
!
| f
| f
| v
| h
| h
| s
!
!
| w
| w
| y
| l
!
!
| i
| i
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|-
|-
! Name
! Name
| Mi<br>미
| Ma<br>마
| Ni<br>니
| Na<br>나
| Ŋi<br>끼
| Ŋa<br>까
!
!
| Pi<br>비
| Pa<br>바
| Ti<br>티
| Ta<br>타
| Ki<br>기
| Ka<br>가
| Qa<br>까
!
!
| Fi<br>피
| Fa<br>파
| Vi<br>삐
| Ha<br>하
| Hi<br>히
| Sa<br>사
!
!
| Wi<br>위
| Wa<br>위
| Yi<br>의
| La<br>라
!
!
| i<br>이
| i<br>이
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| u<br>우
| u<br>우
|}
|}


===Notes===
===Notes===
*<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> The jamo ''Ssanggiyeok'' <ㄲ> /k͈/ is assigned the palatal nasal /ŋ/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> The jamo [[Wikipedia:Kieuk|''Ḳieuk'']] <ㅋ> /kʰ/ is assigned the palatal nasal /ŋ/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup> The jamo ''Bieup'' <ㅂ> /p~pʰ~b/ is assigned the voiceless bilabial stop /p/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup> The jamo [[Wikipedia:SSanggiyeok|''Ssanggiyeok'']] <ㄲ> /k͈/ is assigned the glottal stop /ʔ/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> The jamo ''Giyeok'' <ㄱ> /g~k~kʰ/ is assigned the voiceless palatal stop /k/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> The jamo [[Wikipedia:Pieup|''Pieup'']] <ㅍ> /pʰ/ is assigned the voiceless bilabial fricative /φ/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup> The jamo ''Pieup'' <ㅍ> /pʰ/ is assigned the voiceless bilabial fricative /φ/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup> The compound vowels are used for <w>, ''e.g.'', '''ㅘ''', wa.
*<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup> The jamo ''Ssangbieup'' <ㅃ> /p͈/  is assigned the voiced bilabial fricative /β/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup> The compound vowels are used for <w>, ''e.g.'', '''ㅘ''', wa.
*<sup>{{Color|red|7}}</sup> The iotified vowels are used for <y>, ''e.g.'', '''요''', yo.
 


==Phonology==
==Phonology==
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!  
!  
!
!
! labial
! bilabial
! dental
! dental
! alveolar
! palatal
! palatal
! glottal
! glottal
|-
|-
! rowspan="1" | Nasals
! rowspan="2" | Nasals
|-
! voiced
! voiced
| m /m/<br>'''ㅁ'''
| m /m/<br>'''ㅁ'''
| n /n/<br>'''ㄴ'''
| n /n/<br>'''ㄴ'''
|
| ń /ŋ/<br>'''ㅋ'''
| ń /ŋ/<br>'''ㅋ'''
|
|
Line 134: Line 139:
| p /p/<br>'''ㅂ'''
| p /p/<br>'''ㅂ'''
| t /t/<br>'''ㅌ'''
| t /t/<br>'''ㅌ'''
|
| k /k/<br>'''ㄱ'''
| k /k/<br>'''ㄱ'''
|
| q /Ɂ/<br>'''ㄲ'''
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" | Fricatives
! rowspan="1" | Fricatives
! voiceless
! voiceless
| f /φ/<br>'''ㅍ'''
| f /φ/<br>'''ㅍ'''
|
|
| s /s/<br>'''ㅅ'''
| h /h/<br>'''ㅎ'''
|
|
|
|-
! voiced
| v /β/<br>'''ㅃ'''
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" | Sonorants
! voiceless
|
|
|
| h /h/<br>'''ㅎ'''
|-
|-
! rowspan="1" | Approximants
! voiced  
! voiced  
| w /w/
| w /w/
|  
|  
| y /j/
| l /l/<br>ㄹ
|
|
|}
===Compound Vowel===
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
!
! W
|-
! i
| '''ㅟ'''
|-
! e
| '''ㅞ'''
|-
! a
| '''ㅘ'''
|-
! o
| '''ᆂ'''
|-
! u
| '''ᆍ'''
|-
|}
|}


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!
!
|
|
|}
===Compound Vowels===
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
!
! W
|
|
! Y
|-
! a
| ㅘ
!
!
| ㅑ
|-
! e
| ㅞ
!
!
| ㅖ
|-
! o
| ᆂ
!
!
| ㅛ
|-
! u
| ᆍ
!
!
| ㅠ
|-
! i
| ㅟ
!
!
| ㅢ
|-
|}
|}




==Alphabet ==
==Alphabet ==
*The Limli language has 18 [[Wikipedia:Phoneme|phonemes]].
*The Limli language has 17 [[Wikipedia:Phoneme|phonemes]].
*As the Limlis had no writing when discovered by the space travelers, a written alphabet was created by the anthropologists who were on the voyage. As they were Korean, they used the [[Wikipedia:Hangul|Hangul]].
*As the Limlis had no writing when discovered by the space travelers, a written alphabet was created by the anthropologists who were on the voyage. As they were Korean, they used the [[Wikipedia:Hangul|Hangul]].
*The letters are ordered according to their Manner of Articulation.
*The letters are ordered according to their [[Wikipedia:Manner of Articulation|Manner of Articulation]].
*The consonants are <m> ㅁ; <n> ㄴ; <ń> ㄲ; <t> ㅌ; <k> ㄱ; <ǵ> ㅋ; <v> ㅂ; <f> ㅍ; <nowiki><s></nowiki> ㅅ; <h> ㅎ; <w>; <l> ㄹ and <y>.
*The consonants are <m> ㅁ; <n> ㄴ; <ŋ> ㅋ; <nowiki><p></nowiki> ㅂ; <t> ㅌ; <k> ㄱ; <nowiki><q></nowiki> ㄲ; <f> ㅍ; <h> ㅎ; <nowiki><s></nowiki> ㅅ; <w> and <l> ㄹ.
*The vowel inventory consists of <a> ㅏ;  <e> ㅔ;  <o> ㅗ ; <nowiki><u></nowiki> ㅜ and <nowiki><i></nowiki> ㅣ.
*The vowel inventory consists of <nowiki><i></nowiki>ㅣ;  <e> ㅓ; <a> ㅏ;  <o> ㅗ ; and <nowiki><u></nowiki> ㅜ.




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{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
!
!
! a 아
! i ㅣ
|
|
! e 에
! e ㅓ
|
|
! o 오
! a ㅏ
|
|
! u 우
! o ㅗ
|
|
! i 이
! u ㅜ
|-
|-
! m
! m
| 미
!
| 머
!
| 마
| 마
!
| 메
!
!
| 모
| 모
!
!
| 무
| 무
!
| 미
|-
|-
! n
! n
| 니
!
| 너
!
| 나
| 나
!
| 네
!
!
| 노
| 노
!
!
| 누
| 누
|-
! ŋ
| 키
!
!
| 니
| 커
!
| 카
!
| 코
!
| 쿠
|-
|-
! ń
! p
| 까
| 비
!
!
| 께
| 버
!
!
| 꼬
| 바
!
!
| 꾸
| 보
!
!
| 끼
| 부
|-
|-
! t
! t
| 티
!
| 터
!
| 타
| 타
!
| 테
!
!
| 토
| 토
!
!
| 투
| 투
!
| 티
|-
|-
! k
! k
| 기
!
| 거
!
| 가
| 가
!
| 게
!
!
| 고
| 고
!
!
| 구
| 구
!
| 기
|-
|-
! ǵ
! q
| 카
| 끼
!
!
| 케
| 꺼
!
!
| 코
| 까
!
!
| 쿠
| 꼬
!
!
| 키
| 꾸
|-
|-
! f
! f
| 피
!
| 퍼
!
| 파
| 파
!
| 페
!
!
| 포
| 포
!
!
| 푸
| 푸
!
| 피
|-
|-
! v
! s
| 바
| 시
!
!
| 베
| 세
!
| 보
!
!
| 부
!
| 비
|-
! s
| 사
| 사
!
| 세
!
!
| 소
| 소
!
!
| 수
| 수
!
| 시
|-
|-
! h
! h
| 히
!
| 허
!
| 하
| 하
!
| 헤
!
!
| 호
| 호
!
!
| 후
| 후
!
| 히
|-
|-
! w
! w
| ㅟ
!
| ㅞ
!
| 와
| 와
!
| 웨
!
!
| ᆂ
| ᆂ
!
!
| ᆍ
| ᆍ
!
| 위
|-
|-
! l
! l
| 리
!
| 러
!
| 라
| 라
!
| 레
!
!
| 로
| 로
!
!
| 루
| 루
!
| 리
|-
! y
| 야
!
| 예
!
| 요
!
| 유
!
| 의
|}
|}




[[Limli - Syntax]]
[[Limli: Syntax]]

Latest revision as of 17:08, 11 January 2026

Table of Phonemes

MOA nasals stops fricatives approximants vowels
IPA
/m/
 /n/ /ŋ/ /p/ /t/ /k/ /ʔ/ /ɸ/ /h/ /s/ /w/ /l/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /o/ /u/
Hangul ㅁ ㄴ ㄲ 1 ㅂ ㅌ ㄱ ㅋ 2 ㅍ 3 ㅎ ㅅ 4 ㄹ 이 에 아 오 우
Latin m n ŋ p t k q f h s w l i e a o u
Name Ma
마 		Na
나 		Ŋa
까 		Pa
바 		Ta
타 		Ka
가 		Qa
까 		Fa
파 		Ha
하 		Sa
사 		Wa
위 		La
라 		i
이 		e
에 		a
아 		o
오 		u
우


Notes

  • 1 The jamo Ḳieuk <ㅋ> /kʰ/ is assigned the palatal nasal /ŋ/.
  • 2 The jamo Ssanggiyeok <ㄲ> /k͈/ is assigned the glottal stop /ʔ/.
  • 3 The jamo Pieup <ㅍ> /pʰ/ is assigned the voiceless bilabial fricative /φ/.
  • 4 The compound vowels are used for <w>, e.g., ㅘ, wa.

Phonology

Consonants

bilabial dental alveolar palatal glottal
Nasals
voiced m /m/
ㅁ 		n /n/
ㄴ 		ń /ŋ/
ㅋ
Stops voiceless p /p/
ㅂ 		t /t/
ㅌ 		k /k/
ㄱ 		q /Ɂ/
ㄲ
Fricatives voiceless f /φ/
ㅍ 		s /s/
ㅅ 		h /h/
ㅎ
Approximants voiced w /w/ l /l/
ㄹ

Compound Vowel

W
i ㅟ
e ㅞ
a ㅘ
o ᆂ
u ᆍ

Vowels

Front Central Back
Close i /i/
이 		u /u/
우
Close-mid e /e/
에 		o /o/
오
Open a /ä/
아


Alphabet

  • The Limli language has 17 phonemes.
  • As the Limlis had no writing when discovered by the space travelers, a written alphabet was created by the anthropologists who were on the voyage. As they were Korean, they used the Hangul.
  • The letters are ordered according to their Manner of Articulation.
  • The consonants are <m> ㅁ; <n> ㄴ; <ŋ> ㅋ; <p> ㅂ; <t> ㅌ; <k> ㄱ; <q> ㄲ; <f> ㅍ; <h> ㅎ; <s> ㅅ; <w> and <l> ㄹ.
  • The vowel inventory consists of <i>ㅣ; <e> ㅓ; <a> ㅏ; <o> ㅗ ; and <u> ㅜ.


Syllabary

i ㅣ e ㅓ a ㅏ o ㅗ u ㅜ
m 미 머 마 모 무
n 니 너 나 노 누
ŋ 키 커 카 코 쿠
p 비 버 바 보 부
t 티 터 타 토 투
k 기 거 가 고 구
q 끼 꺼 까 꼬 꾸
f 피 퍼 파 포 푸
s 시 세 사 소 수
h 히 허 하 호 후
w ㅟ ㅞ 와 ᆂ ᆍ
l 리 러 라 로 루


Limli: Syntax

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