Senjecas - Verdurian Test Sentences 31-40

Pronunciation table

peműko (labial)								riisűko (dental)								muitűko (alveolar)								vainűko (palatal)							ṡ̨uuše̋nos (vowels with प)								nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos (weak vowels)
p	b	f	v	m̃	m			t	d	þ	ð	ɫ	l			ṡ	ż	s	z	r	n			k	g	x	ƣ	h	ȝ			š	s̨			i	e	a	ɔ	o	u			ı	ɛ	y
प	ब	फ	भ	म़	म			त	द	थ	ध	ल़	ल			च	ज	स	स़	र	न			क	ग	क़	ग़	ह	य			स्व	स्य			इ ई पि पी	ए एै पे पै	अ आ प पा	ऒ ॵ पॊ पॏ	ओ औ पो पौ	उ ऊ पु पू			पं	पऺ	पॅ
/p/	/b/	/ɸ/	/β/	/m̥/	/m/			/t/	/d/	/θ/	/ð/	/l̥/	/l/			/ʦ/	/ʣ/	/s/	/z/	/ɾ̥/	/n/			/k/	/g/	/ç/	/ʝ/	/j̊/	/j/			/sʷ/	/sʲ/			/i/	/e/	/ä/	/ɒ/	/o/	/u/			/ɪ/	/ɛ/	/ʊ/

Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural	ABL = ablative suffix	COL = collective	F = feminine	INT = intensive prefix	PRV = privative prefix	SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural	ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)	DES = desiderative	FRQ = frequentative	LAT = lative suffix	PST = past	TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person	ADV = adverb	DIM = diminutive	FUT = future	LOC = locative suffix	Q = interrogative particle	VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)	AG = agent	ELIS = elision	IMP = imperative	M = masculine	QUOT = direct quotation	YNG = young
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)	AP = agent (active) participle	ELT = elative	INC = inchoative	OCC = occupation suffix	REV = reversive
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)	AUG = augmentative	EP = epenthesis	IND = indicative	PP = patient (past) participle	RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)	CAUS = causative	EQU = equative degree	INS = instrument	PRF = perfect	SBJ = subjunctive

• English Text
• Senjecan Translation

Gloss

• 31. The burglar broke the window.
• nuðvőőurlu þűngom e-ȝa̋fa:

nuð.vőőur-l-u	þűng-om	e=ȝa̋f-a
break_in.steal-AG-N.s	window-A.s	PST=break-IND

• 32. The window broke.
• þűngo e-ȝa̋fa:

þűng-o	e=ȝa̋f-a
window-N.s	PST=break-IND

• 33. Mommy, make him stop hitting me!
• maamka̋. mum tűűgu éȝum deus̨e̋te:

maam-k-a̋	m-um	tűűg-u	éȝ-um	deus̨-e̋t-e
mother-DIM-V.s	1s-A	hit-SUP	3-A.s	stop-CAUS-IMP

• 34. His mother gave the boy a sausage and a sword.
• eȝu-ma̋a̋ma husűs o sőkomk̬e va̋a̋lomk̬' e-dőőa:

eȝu=ma̋a̋m-a	hus-űs	o	sők-om=k̬e	va̋a̋l-om=k̬='	e=dőő-a
his=mother-N.s	boy-G.s	to	sausage-A.s=and	sword-A.s=and=ELIS	PST-give-IND

• 35. The king appointed the chimney sweep general.
• ve̋ndu soþve̋e̋l̤um koƣlɛše̋vlum e-feetı̋d̨a:

re̋nd-u	soþ.ve̋e̋l-l-um	koƣl.ɛ=še̋v-l-um	e=feet-ı̋d̨-a
king-N.s	war.be_in_charge-AG-A.s	chimney.EPEN=sweep-AG-A.s	PST=appoint-TRZ-IND

• 36. The lion considered the words of the angel. It had said, "Lion, consider these words."
• bı̋ı̋re angarű' sa̋m̃on e-tűȝa: éȝu e-tıte̋e̋a: m̃a biire̋. i-sa̋m̃on tűȝe m̃ar:

bı̋ı̋r-e	angar-ű='	sa̋m̃-on	e=tűȝ-a	éȝ-u	e=tı~te̋e̋-a	m̃a	biir-e̋	i=sa̋m̃-on	tűȝ-e	m̃ar
lion-N.s	angel-G.s=ELIS	word-A.p	PST=consider-IND	3-N.s	PST=PRF~say-IND	QUOT	lion-V.s	this=word-A.p	consider-IMP	QUOT

• bı̋ı̋re, Eurasian cave lion (†Panthera spelaea)

• 37. This bear is a good bear.
• i-ve̋re va̋de ve̋re e̋sa:

i=ve̋r-e	va̋de-Ø	ve̋r-e	e̋s-a
this=bear-N.s	good-ABS	bear-N.s	be-IND

• ve̋re, brown bear (Ursos arctos)

• 38. He seemed like a new man, but he was worth only as much as the old.
• éȝu ȝűűnu m̃ı̋ı̋ru ka̋ȝa. ésti sóólvi épi me̋e̋u épi że̋e̋ru e-k̬őina:

éȝ-u	ȝűűnu-Ø	m̃ı̋ı̋r-u	ka̋ȝ-a	ésti	sóól=vi	épi	me̋e̋-u	épi	że̋e̋r-u	e=k̬őin-a
3-N.s	new-ABS	man-N.s	seem.like-IND	but	only=ADV	as	much-N.s	as	old-N.s	PST=be.worth-IND

• 39. As kings go, he's wise.
• éȝu vendűm épa sa̋a̋ṡa:

éȝ-u	vend-űm	épa	sa̋a̋ṡ-a
3-N.s	king-G.p	in_manner_of	be_wise-IND

• 40. Being the king, I free you.
• ve̋ndu e̋santu mu tum šeevı̋d̨a:

ve̋nd-u	e̋s-a-ntu-Ø	m-u	t-um	šeev-ı̋d̨-a
king-N.s	be-IND-AP-ABS	1s-N	2s-A	free-TRZ-IND

Senjecas - Verdurian Test Sentences 41-50