Eβmiʔ morphology: Difference between revisions
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The numeral system relies on a decimal base. | The numeral system relies on a decimal base. | ||
===Cardinal numerals=== | |||
The first ten cardinal numbers are forms on their own: | The first ten cardinal numbers are forms on their own: | ||
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As for other parts of the language, all cardinal numerals are meant as invariable forms. | As for other parts of the language, all cardinal numerals are meant as invariable forms. | ||
===Ordinal numerals=== | |||
Ordinal numerals are formed by adding the suffix -da to the cardinal numeral form, with some irregularities: | Ordinal numerals are formed by adding the suffix -da to the cardinal numeral form, with some irregularities: | ||
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Revision as of 14:56, 19 May 2025
- Main article: Eβmiʔ
This page gives an extensive description of Eβmiʔ morphological features.
As already mentioned, Eβmiʔ is a morphologically isolating language. Each lexeme does not undergo any morphological mutation. Syntactical roles are thus entirely expressed by syntax and word order. Lexemes can, however, combine in many derivative processes.
Nouns
Nouns in Eβmiʔ usually have a multisyllabic form; they very rarely have a monosyllabic form.
On the morphological level nouns display no number, case or definiteness, exhibiting always the same unaltered form:
mühɖa wolf - a wolf - the wolf - wolves - the wolves
Numerals
The numeral system relies on a decimal base.
Cardinal numerals
The first ten cardinal numbers are forms on their own:
| böm | |
| lar | |
| čuð | |
| ɖajh | |
| ʂu | |
| down | |
| gjih | |
| žyh | |
| βɔb | |
| ʂujl |
Numerals from 11 to 19 are built with the construction ʂujl + nɔ + NUM:
| ʂujlnɔböm | |
| ʂujlnɔlar | |
| ʂujlnɔčuð | |
| ʂujlnɔɖajh | |
| ʂujlnɔʂu | |
| ʂujlnɔdown | |
| ʂujlnɔgjih | |
| ʂujlnɔžyh | |
| ʂujlnɔβɔb |
The numerals for (one) hundred and (one) thousand are forms on their own:
| çijm | |
| ňɔhçijm |
The numerals for the multiples of tens, hundreds and thousands are built with the construction NUM + -(a)harʂujl / -(a)harçijm / -(a)harňɔhçijm:
| larharʂujl | larharçijm | larharňɔhçijm | |
| čuðharʂujl | čuðharçijm | čuðharňɔhçijm | |
| ɖajhaharʂujl | ɖajhaharçijm | ɖajhaharňɔhçijm | |
| ʂuharʂujl | ʂuharçijm | ʂuharňɔhçijm | |
| downharʂujl | downharçijm | downharňɔhçijm | |
| gjihaharʂujl | gjihaharçijm | gjihaharňɔhçijm | |
| žyhaharʂujl | žyhaharçijm | žyhaharňɔhçijm | |
| βɔbharʂujl | βɔbharçijm | βɔbharňɔhçijm |
Numbers above the multiples of thousands have no name and are specified by the lesser numerals.
Composite numbers are built by just putting them beside, without any conjunction, in descending order:
- 2985: larharňɔhçijm βɔbharçijm žyhaharʂujl ʂu
As for other parts of the language, all cardinal numerals are meant as invariable forms.
Ordinal numerals
Ordinal numerals are formed by adding the suffix -da to the cardinal numeral form, with some irregularities:
| bömda | |
| larda | |
| čuɖa | |
| ɖajhda | |
| ʂuda | |
| downda | |
| gjihda | |
| žyhda | |
| βɔbda | |
| ʂujlda | |
| ʂujlnɔbömda | |
| ʂujlnɔlarda | |
| ʂujlnɔčuɖa | |
| larharʂujlda | |
| čuðharʂujlda | |
| downharçijmda | |
| βɔbharňɔhçijmda |
If the numeral form is composite, the suffix is added to every form:
- 325th: čuðharçijmda larharʂujlda ʂuda
