Sounds of Reptigan

The Consonants of Reptigan

All of the consonants of Reptigan are on an egressive pulmonic airstream.

Pulmonic Consonants

	Bilabial	Labiodental	Dental	Alveolar	Postalveolar	Retroflex	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Pharyngeal	Glottal
Plosive	p b			t d		ʈ ɖ	c ɟ	k ɡ			ʔ
Nasal	m			n		ɳ	ɲ	ŋ
Trill
Tap or Flap
Fricative	ɸ β			s z		ʂ ʐ	ç ʝ	x ɣ			h ɦ
Lateral fricative
Approximant
Lateral approximant				l		ɭ	ʎ	ʟ

The Vowels of Reptigan

Unwidened Vowels

	Front		Central		Back
Close	i · y		ɨ · ʉ		ɯ · u
Close-mid
	ɛ̝ · œ̝		ə · ɞ̝		ʌ̝ · ɔ̝
Open-mid
Open	a · ɶ		ɐ̞ · ɐ̜̞		ɑ · ɒ

Other Symbols

ʍ Voiceless labial-velar fricative

w Voiced labial-velar approximant

ɥ Voiced labial-palatal approximant

ʜ Voiceless epiglottal fricative

ʢ Voiced epiglottal fricative

ʔ Epiglottal plosive

ɕ ʑ Alveolo-palatal fricatives

ɺ Lateral alveolar flap

ɧ Simultaneous ʃ and x.

Affricates and double articulations can be represented by two symbols joined by a tie bar if necessary. k͡p t͡s

Suprasegmentals

ˈ	Primary stress	ˌfoʊnəˈtɪʃən
ˌ	Secondary stress
ː	Long	eː
ˑ	Half-long	eˑ
˘	Extra short	ĕ
.	Syllable break	ɹi.ækt
	Minor (foot) group
	Major (intonation) group
‿	Linking (absence of a break)

Tones & Word Accents

Level	Contour
e̋ or ˥
é ˦
ē ˧
è ˨
ȅ ˩

Diacritics

̥	Voiceless n̥ d̥	̤	Breathy voiced b̤ a̤	̪	Dental t̪ d̪
̬	Voiced s̬ t̬	̰	Creaky voiced b̰ a̰	̺	Apical t̺ d̺
ʰ	Aspirated tʰ dʰ	̼	Linguolabial t̼ d̼	̻	Laminal t̻ d̻
˒	More rounded ɔ̜	ʷ	Labialized tʷ dʷ	~	Nasalized ẽ
˓	Less rounded ɔ̹	ʲ	Palatalized tʲ dʲ
˖	Advanced u̟	ˠ	Velarized tˠ [[Voiced velarized alveolar stop	dˠ]]	ˡ	Lateral release dˡ
˗	Retracted i̠	ˤ	Pharyngealized tˤ dˤ	̚	No audible release d̚
¨	Centralized ë	̴	Velarized or pharyngealized ɫ
̽	Mid-centralized e̽	˔	Raised e̝ (ɹ̝ = Voiced alveolar fricative)