FrathWiki - User contributions [en]

User:K1234567890y

2019-02-19T08:02:51Z

K1234567890y:

[[Ame language]]

Our Father

2015-05-14T19:49:45Z

K1234567890y: /* Urban Basanawa */

'''Our Father''', also known as the '''Lord's Prayer''', is a widely-known prayer of Christianity. It is used by linguists and conlangers for comparing the differences between languages. In many cases it is also called the '''Pater Noster''' because of the widespread use of Latin in the Church. There are even [[Runes|Runic]] inscriptions in Latin along the lines of "say a Pater Noster for so-and-so's soul."

=Natlangs=
==[[Romance Languages]]==
===Latin===
:Pater noster, qui es in caelis:
:sanctificetur Nomen Tuum;
:adveniat Regnum Tuum;
:fiat voluntas Tua,
:sicut in caelo, et in terra.
:Panem nostrum cotidianum da nobis hodie;
:et dimitte nobis debita nostra,
:Sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris;
:et ne nos inducas in tentationem;
:sed libera nos a Malo.

===[[Spanish]]===
:Padre nuestro, que estás en los cielos,
:santificado sea tu Nombre;
:venga tu Reino;
:hágase tu Voluntad,
:así en la tierra como en el cielo.
:Nuestro pan cotidiano dánosle hoy;
:y perdónanos nuestras deudas,
:así como nosotros hemos perdonado a nuestros deudores;
:no nos dejes caer en tentación,
:mas líbranos del mal.
:Amén.

==[[Germanic languages]]==
===[[High German]]===
:Vater Unser im Himmel,
:Geheiligt werde Dein Name,
:Dein Reich komme.
:Dein Wille geschehe,
:Wie im Himmel, so auf Erden.
:Unser tägliches Brot gib uns heute,
:Und vergib uns unsere Schuld,
:Wie auch wir vergeben unseren Schuldigern.
:Und führe uns nicht in Versuchung,
:Sondern erlöse uns von dem Bösen.
:Denn Dein ist das Reich und die Kraft
:und die Herrlichkeit, in Ewigkeit.
:Amen.

===[[Dutch]]===
:Onze Vader,
:die in de hemelen zijt,
:geheiligd zij Uw naam.
:Uw rijk kome,
:Uw wil geschiede op aarde als in de hemel.
:Geef ons heden ons dagelijks brood,
:en vergeef ons onze schulden,
:gelijk ook wij vergeven aan onze schuldenaren.
:En leid ons niet in bekoring,
:maar verlos ons van het kwade.

===[[Modern English]] ELLC (1988)===
:Our Father in heaven,
:hallowed be your name,
:your kingdom come,
:your will be done,
:on earth as in heaven.
:Give us today our daily bread.
:Forgive us our sins
:as we forgive those who sin against us.
:Save us from the time of trial
:and deliver us from evil.
:[For the kingdom, the power, and the glory are yours
:now and for ever. Amen.]

===[[Early Modern English]] (1662 BCP)===
:Our Father, which art in Heaven,
:Hallowed be thy Name.
:Thy Kingdom come.
:Thy will be done,
:in earth as it is in Heaven.
:Give us this day our daily bread.
:And forgive us our trespasses,
:As we forgive them that trespass against us.
:And lead us not into temptation;
:But deliver us from evil.
:[For thine is the kingdom, The power, and the glory,
:For ever and ever.] Amen.

===[[Middle English]]===
:Fader ure ðatt art in hevene blisse,
:Ðin hege name itt wurðe bliscedd,
:Cumen itt mote ði kingdom,
:Ðin hali wil it be al don,
:In heven and in erðe all so,
:So itt sall ben ful wel ic to;
:Gif us alle one ðis dai,
:Ure bred of iche dai,
:And forgive us ure sinne,
:Als we don ure wiðerwinnes:
:Leet us noct in fondlinge fall,
:Ooc fro ivel ðu sild us alle. Amen.

===[[Anglo-Saxon]]===
:Fæder ūre, þū eart on heofonum:
:sī þīn nama ȝehāȝlod.
:Tōbecume þīn rīce.
:Ȝeƿeorþe þīn ƿilla
:on eorþan sƿāsƿā on heofonum.
:Ūre dæȝhƿāmlican hlāf sielle ūs tō dæȝe.
:And forȝief ūs ūre ȝyltas
:sƿāsƿā ƿē forȝiefaþ ūrum ȝyltendem.
:And ne ȝelǣd þū on costnunȝe,
:ac ālīes ūs of yfele.

===[[Norwegian]]===
:Fader vår, du som er i himmelen!
:Helliget vorde ditt navn;
:komme ditt rike;
:skje din vilje,
:som i himmelen, så og på jorden;
:gi oss idag vårt daglige brød;
:og forlat oss vår skyld,
:som vi og forlater våre skyldnere;
:og led oss ikke inn i fristelse;
:men fri oss fra det onde.
:For riket er ditt,
:og makten og æren i evighet.
:Amen.

==[[Celtic Languages]]==

===[[Proto-Gallo-Brythonic]]===
:Asron atīr, esti·i̯o eni nemesi,
:noibos buu̯et tou anu̯an,
:ro·to·aχsāt tou rīgi̯on
:u̯reχtus tou au̯illos
:u̯or talamoni samalī eni nemesi.
:Asron baragon petidīi̯ācon dā snūs sindīu̯on.
:Matu̯ī snūs asron dligetā,
:samalī i̯on matu̯imos asron dligeti̯obo,
:ne·c snīs wede dū u̯osagitē,
:eχtos snīs dīlunge au u̯allū.
:Amen.

=Conlangs=

Feel free to add Lord's prayer in your conlangs' version here.

==[[Aingeljã]]==
Nou Pare, qwe ets nou cell, 
qwe santificat eh vou nome, 
qwe vene a nos vou reixĩ. 
Qwe eh façata va voluntà, 
tant na terra com nou cell. 
Donat-nus hogge nou pã qwotiggãn 
e pardonat-nus nas ofensas, 
com tantbain nos pardonèms qwĩns ofensen-nus. 
E nõ deixat-nus cadre na tentazõn 
e lluwerat-nus dou Mal. 
Amain. 

==[[Altherkin Itak]]==
[[File:Our_Father_-_Altherkin_Itak_-_Script_4.JPG]]

:Jia'meh Abbous Jeon'yajeo naebu de, namaewae Yi beilahjeon ang de.
:Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi beilah.
:Jikan fotei, dei'fover Yi werben no Jeo e'ea Jeon'yajeo naebu.
:Deikan ima e'ea deikan'mej, lat warei kae'a jia'meh nimo.
:Luswerzya luswer jia'meh paliya. Warei ahsu luswer luswerzya dei'fover nyan.
:Yi beilah nei warei jianxi werben dili, da'a'te Yi warei proteto detei luswer paliya.
:(Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi ang de, ta Jeonji, e'ea ta pa'a'me, por jikan fotei mej.)
:Ohmaen

:Our Father Heaven inside is, name you holy it is.
:Land of God your exist.
:Time future, intent you act of Earth and Heaven inside.
:Today and every day, To us bread our give.
:Forget sins our please. We their sin forget intend also.
:You "To be" no us cause "to act" bad, but you us protect from sin please.
:(Land of God yours it is, The divine power, and the glory, for time future all.)
:Amen

[http://www.facebook.com/v/2682096943833 Hear it read by Motonjia (external Link)]

==[[Arkhæn | Arkhæn]]==
A Prayer to The Psynecerion, a polytheistic "Lord's Prayer" equivalent in the religion of Kareigăn-Hæx religion.

=== Modern Arkhæn Alkavăht Script ===
[[File:Arkhaen_Lordprayer.PNG]]

=== Romanized: ===
:Keir præhăm mhe jzakar Yfikt Sehri,
:Hoth amăn khăma taiku Hæx, ara Gaateni
:Keir amăn ir ăndrgaaten, keir flær dhe vari, mhe garăm deru cogan dhe miyar kædi
:Mhe kariar ăz i ăn ara zeidu joirk ak mhe mujes jzakar haqeinan dhe hjaani
:Măhdi keir suod zăn hoth adr, măhdi keir anămi zăn hoth adr,
:Mhe ghejz haqeinan zuk i ăn ăhsl dyhijoi
:Măhdi hoth gaate qajoi dyhijoi mhe mujes jzakar kanrqeinăn avarkhe
:Măhdi ăhsl mhe takad kăhkănen dhe jzakar ræhi dhe hjaani ak dhe jzakr Kareigăn-Hæx.
:Aze Takădi!

=== Translation: ===
:We pray to the Perfect Ones,
:They who came from Six, our creators
:We who are subservient, we ask of them, to lend us some of their strength
:To carry on our daily tasks and to keep the balance of nature
:May we live as they do, may we die as they do, to bring balance upon all worlds
:May they create more worlds to drive the imbalance away.
:May all to be enlightened of the ways of nature and of the Original Six.
:Aze Takadi! (both a greeting gesture as well as a sort of "amen")

==[[The World|Avantimanisc]]==
:Oure fadêr that be yn heuenerihhe;
:sende ye-hallawet thin namô;
:cwem te thin rihhdomaz;
:sende thin wellez ye-dôn swo yn medwaralde swo yn heuenam;
:yef ôs on te daye oure ĳelckday susteynavant;
:ande ôs foryef oure detes,
:swo we foryef te oure detendam;
:ande ne lîth ôs nouwt te thon castynge,
:but framward-ôs-lôs fram euele.

==Esperanto==
:Patro nia, kiu estas en la ĉielo,
:sanktigata estu Via nomo.
:Venu Via regno.
:Fariĝu Via volo,
:kiel en la ĉielo, tiel ankaŭ sur la tero.
:Nian panon ĉiutagan donu al ni hodiaŭ.
:Kaj pardonu al ni niajn ŝuldojn,
:kiel ankaŭ ni pardonas al niaj ŝuldantoj.
:Kaj ne konduku nin en tenton,
:sed liberigu nin de la malbono.
:(Ĉar Via estas la regno kaj la potenco
:kaj la gloro eterne.)
:Amen.

==[[Háfrig]]==
:Kes Etâr, qwin il eskáleo ri,
:genomentuz i missild,
:offimmoz i tis agenir,
:geroz i tis élekk,
:léda l-eskálio, śo l-edzúroro si.
:Forventikál vekánandum dontiz káj píl,
:et offűliz i bêtgánandu,
:léda ke s’ offűlam i h-inóvand bêtdífendo.
:E gin véliz kum kojsitána,
:ak gemojgiriz i vultími.
:(Dé tis i h-agenir, i forrel e l-iskür forvenâk.)
:Roz ö-gen.

==Lojban==
:doi cevrirni.iu noi zvati le do cevzda do'u fu'e .aicai .e'ecai lo do cmene ru'i censa
:.i le do nobli turni be la ter. ku se cfari
:.i loi do se djica ba snada mulno vi'e le cevzda .e .a'o la ter.
:.i fu'e .e'o ko dunda ca le cabdei le ri nanba mi'a
:.i ko fraxu mi loi ri zu'o palci
:.ijo mi fraxu roda poi pacyzu'e xrani mi
:.i ko lidne mi fa'anai loi pacyxlu
:.i ko sepri'a mi loi palci
:.i .uicai ni'i loi se turni .e loi vlipa .e loi mi'orselsi'a cu me le do romei
:fa'o

==[[Anoé]]==

:,nul-((fuuilat-en-ia)-él-éltil)

:efma-en-ve fi-atfalit tléé

:((tintom-en-ve fi-ulaat tléé

:uuifó-en-ve fó-én-aé)

:an-(Earth)-fn-(al-ló-él-éltil)).

:,ve ie-aile-ufuium li-aten-óf-(ailu)-at-ia.

:,ve felien-en-ia éliuón-at-ia

:nif-(ia én-(laéen ia feliu) éliuón-at-al.

:,ve ia erian-ól-(ésélit-en-uilien)

:tléé ve ia erian-sééld.

:(fan ól-tintom tlé ól-élein tlé ól-aliaten (al-en-ve al

:ló-(et-tlé-néf)). ,fti-ló.)

==Classical Longrimol==
{{seealso|Longrimol}} by [[User:Longrim|Longrim]]

:Adhorom nedhúrer
:airalichy raivog
:therdhäil darandorog
:dhánäilichy malfog
:márchan nedhúrer
:gweltheljbantho-m'il
:jaldhtharvo-m'il
:oi thärvim mênjäldhim
:dhulro-m'il glastainúlong
:dhulro-m'il gruidhong.

:[find i dharandr-og cambadh-og asdago-og cwildhríl. Emín.]

==Classical Arithide==
{{seealso|Classical Arithide}} by [[User:Denihilonihil|Eugene]]
{{seealso|Arithide Sample Text Corpus}}

{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" width="66%"
|-
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Classical Arithide
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Late Classical Arithide
|-
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rignā, zōon saluminnum, histamosit illos ays. Egēra lisgas ays. Reskerosit deiros ays, halagum saluminnumena. Rignor emereto haror omer krerērō, a kansārērō irige syndrē, rīgisae syndirēnēs kansārena. On rege avgērērō thiftiae, nege rege magārērō vokirōn. Amen.
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rikin, saluminnum hero, histamesit illos ayn. Egura lisgas ayn. Reskeresit deiros ayn, halaginnum saluminnumena. Rikin emnatir haro omnat kreruras, nam kansaruras rīkae syndrē, rikisyndoris syndirēnēs kansariena. On riko avlataguras orgrei, nege riko magāruras vokyrōn. Amen.
|}

==Ellesklavan==
{{seealso|Ellesklavan}}

:vidrömü, ci eu en éfni,
:aolé eu tli nömü.
:tli řoyamü viyen.
:tli sřay eu fazi,
:en teřya é ža eu en éfni.
:dono no sé širu pasirana kotined.
:éti frocefi no trégepaseniran,
:kön no frocefi elehli ci trégepaseni kontri no.
:éti neu kleřtni pa no ostü betnosü;
:mé délifeř no dé džharag.
:(porceu lešé eu lé řoyamü, lé pufovřir, éti lé kloriyen,
:por tu éti tu) amné.

== Teeverb Kuluxem ==
{{seealso|Teeverb Kuluxem}}

Teeverb Kuluxem:

:Tuchomat Kulonar:
:Padre keeyuhn infadia, uba' nio shuuran,
:Tunatma kuyuhn echa' tubonflaken.
:Yaco-ubhiemna tukinglak kunoi tuyumya,
:Shem yaco-ubfin tupaj kunoi,
:Nio shutereen sima nio shuuran.
:Pal-ubofero tukwam kudiama kuval alt sheeyuhn;
:Shem pal-ubforglan teeyuhn sima okforglan teeotheeno;
:Vo pal-ubleedha teeyuhn alt shutemapta,
:Kief pal-ubforma okvan vaeem shupekitat;
:Tukinglak shem tufuertlas shem tuglameeka eshadda kunoi.
:Amen

Translation:

:The prayer of the Lord:
:The Father of Ours, who is in Heaven,
:Your name is great.
:Bring your kingdom here,
:And accomplish your plan,
:On Earth the same as in Heaven.
:Give us the food of this day;
:Forgive us the same as we forgive others;
:Do not lead us to temptation,
:But force us to go away from evil;
:The glory, the power and the glory are your's.
:Amen

==Thorsutian==
{{seealso|Thorsutian}}

:Man baset, cus ёd nё parasje,
:ёsmardzsёn ёdur xjen zavke.
:Xjen mёbraţje rikas.
:Xjen zsёdu çozid,
:ёn toke siç ёd tho parasjud.
:Jat maţu ked ord man vorje bucje.
:E ţalis maţu man funёbartiv,
:siç maţ ţalёmi çadёk cus funёbart kurda maţu
:E pron maţu nok tho ёnarzsud,
:pas shonah maţu el necud,
:(ţa xjen ёl mёbraţi, uuzs, e strirren,
:ţa dadarma e dadarma.)
:Amen

==Tauro-Piscean==
{{seealso|Tauro-Piscean language}}

:Tet Fedä ëleêses, wa zï in Heofonem,
:¡Letan tet Namen janes clenê bean!
:Tet Kïnedom janes kum.
:¡Letan tet Willê janes dodê bean,
:Et Eëtenem tonnê in Heofonem!
:¡Jefan ëleêsen tode tet jedewamliken Bräden!
:¡And fëjefan ëleêsen te Jïêlten,
:Tonnê ëleês fëjef kvinem, dass makê Jïêlten!
:¡And ledan ëleêsen nat in Kostnungen,
:Ak beëjan ëleêsan fram Ïfeêlem!
:[Tï janes zï tet Kïnedom, tet Mït and tet Wöldë,
:To efä nes efä.] Sotlikê.

It is worth noting that the Tauro-Piscean language evolved into the (New) West Germanic language below.

==West Germanic==
{{seealso|West Germanic language}}

:Uɍę Ąldoɍ, tu tąt is in ħjovonųm,
:Si tin namę halaɉ.
:Kumę tin riŧę,
:Maŧiǫn tin wįleǫn up eɍdųm ék swa in ħjovonųm.
:Uɍę daɉliŧ lafǫn gįvǫn us todaɉ,
:ǫnd foɍgįvǫn us uɍę ſųldzǫn ék swa we foɍgįf uɍę ſųldaɉǫn.
:Ǫnd faɍǫn tu ųn in ħjan kǫstnųnðǫn, ak luzǫn ųn uvęlęnę.
:[Ųmbętąt tin is tąt riŧę, tąt miħt ǫnd tąt wųldoɍ,
:ąvɍweɍd eŧę.]
:Sodliŧę.

==Vityng by [[User:Schlaier|Schlaier]]==
{{seealso|Vityng}}
{{seealso|Vityng our Father}}

:fæðirr óssa, hvem ar i himinn
:nama þinn ver hǽlge
:kónungrikk þinn ver gaður
:øskja þinn ver skaftur
:an eorð og sva i himinn.
:ǿssi gefar dægglykur brǿð óssa, þessa dagg.
:og synni óssa grætar óss
:sva varr grætum þætt ƕað skap synni an ǿssi
:i nǿðen lǽðarna óss
:og fram yfil takar óss.
:sænnlykur.

==Nytal==
{{seealso|Nytal}}
{{seealso|Nytal biblical texts}}

:Babu ni la, ki ad’jo ju ojl 
:Ni la a’šijnt noym Ok 
:Nori sliknost Ok 
:Ni la a’nut ehoj Ok 
:Iknijt ju ojl, Iknijt sjep bajus vsi 
:Ole tyahri er ni la ejs ni la 
:A vlup er ni la le finans ni la 
:Iknijt gek ni la a’vlup er le mefinanser ni la 
:A ta nenijt ni la ka medoljem 
:U vrij ni la de olim 
::Amen

==Lánc==
{{seealso|Lánc}}

:Vojun nát, eráv bálot
:Townon úk svútutolas
:Townon krišpót atja
:Townon šalja toljas
:Džú bálot džu pánot
:Lakfadžo vojay vojunon banfadžáro bágwo kál
:Ši vojay vojunyojon plačoy gwalč
:Džu vój vojunyajon plajačanay mijo gwalčen
:Ši vojo onás gorávtjámás ét majv
:Ýbo vojo ód ono gráwno nálutol.
:Amen

==[[Leet_Speak|L337 5q34Ҟ]]==

:0ύЯ ph4th3r N ん3\/N,
:L33+ 1z ur N￥m,
:ur Ӄ1n6|)0mz h3Я3 nao,
:u 90んん4 cl00 vv47 u w4んん4 cl00,
:0n 34r+ん L13k n ん3\/N.
:L37z 34+ 2d4y l13k d4 07hЯ d31,
:461v h0w3r fragz & pks plz,
:& wii vv1LL 461v3 d4 w0nz dat phr4993d u5.
:$4v3 uz phr0m d4 fl00d,
:& 41$0 phr0m d4 L337 3v!|_.
:4ym3んz.

==Lišěč==
{{seealso|Lišěč}}
{|
|
:<center>'''''Latin alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Fial Ipa, ktõr õłokotë tajväka
:sanktakammë leel nimien
:mënnajast leel küningrik
:tĕdaekemmë leel vylen
:śo tajväka, śo mälmake
:đnes antajatë fiam đnesmasen lĕjpäen
:õnt fergepejetë fial velkĕnesen
:śo fi fergepekemmë fial velketelnesem
:õnt ĕłi oğiatojotë ferśukedenë
:õnt svobõdojotë fian pakadaţë
:Amen
||
:<center>'''''Cyrillic alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Фиал Ипа, ктõр õљокотё тайвäка
:санктакаммё леел нимиен
:мённайаст леел кÿнингрик
:тĕдаекеммё леел вылен
:зо тайвäка, зо мäлмаке
:ћнес антайатё фиам ћнесмасен лĕйпäен
:õнт фергепейетё фиал велкĕнесен
:зо фи фергепекеммё фиал велкетелнесем
:õнт ĕљи ођиатойотё ферзукеденё
:õнт свобõдойотё фиан пакадаθё
:Амен
|}

==Keβag==
{{seealso|Keβag}}

:Fät man, lë beş ë pöt taɸ ë nheμet'
:lo seintsat ë seɸot'u ðo
:qeşa e dewönhoxul ðo
:ër sat'a ë pełäk do
:aże taɸ ë nheμet', aże taɸ ë nhujm'
:ovinë manheşë ekys ë nałecu ekyşoru μan
:cë danosë en μyg μan
:lo danos aże en μyɣocuv μan
:cë μë phonë manhëm taɸ ë rhejżaxaş
:aca püksatё manhëm renh e-ekwaň.
:Amen

==Teycil==
{{seealso|Teycil}}
:Paycil, jsomnajs hœjcoir væ
:zulev jsuveno lea
:ga ayro bolmadanev
:malev nā lea
:jsomnajs me ehrenajs
:moljga luie molojzunour mujxel ga beih
:me jqœnūl ga gjrebeih
:polajs-ajga jqœnosæcūl gjrebō lea
:me pîrojgīne xo le ga doikot vā
:tu jræsīne jcon le ga jzineih vā
:Amēn

==Nician==
{{seealso|Nician}}

:'''Il nost pat'''

:Il nost pat, chi ses nis ceis,
:Saintifcat sie’l tu nom.
:Venì’l tu regn.
:Se face la tue volontat,
:Nis ceis com sope la terre.
:Oz dànos il nost pan cottizan.
:E dimìttenos is nosts dèvits,
:Com ezze nos dimittius ais nosts devitoes.
:E n’indùcenos in teumtazion,
:Veò lìveanos da male.

==Brithenig==

:Nustr Padr, ke sia i llo chel,
:sia senghid tew nôn,
:gwein tew rheon,
:sia ffaeth tew wolont,
:syrs lla der sig i llo chel.
:Dun nustr pan diwrnal a nu h-eidd;
:e pharddun llo nustr phechad a nu,
:si nu pharddunan llo nustr phechad.
:E salw nu di'll temp di drial,
:mai llifr nu di'll mal.
:Per ill rheon, ill cofaeth e lla leir es ill tew, per segl e segl.

==Kerno==

:a Phazeoir Nusteor que bias 'n y ceues;
:foreth noef il tew nom;
:gouenyes il tew camouils;
:foreth fès la teva gouoluntáts
:en lâ derra cuomo 'ny ceues;
:danos-el osdia le nusteor panèn cuotidièn;
:dimeti y nusteor dheuz
:cuomo dimitemus ai nusteor dheutoeres;
:et ne nus attrayer rhen al tentación,
:mays eliveránus des val.

==Old High Jermench==

:fatzar nôstar cî es in câlîs
:seiaz cunsantzîts noum twou
:wienaz rin twou
:seiaz cundahtûts wuontzats twâ
:siht in câl ah in zerra
:fân nôstar côsitân ta nous houd
:ez ferdouna nous ôdsa nôstra
:siht ez nus ferdounams ôdintîs nôstrîs
:ez nei nus intûtzas in zinhôn
:mâhs liura nus tei mâl

==Talarian==

:elemtilenopâtar
:sánctyata tawas xonomar-ca-he
:wewóytâ hanirfanar-ca-he
:pepelewórkâ tawas walar-ca-he
:hostanuššexomani-han-he
:elemtileno-han-he
:tatâhyata-me tâlcoteyel támtar-ca-he
:ffaffalyata-me mesas taipallanar-ca-he
:ffalmá cam taipallanar-ca-he
:anhaharxanyata-me çalarswwalana-ca-he
:roromyata-me tusar-te-he. Omen.

:Heavenly Father
:and blessed-be thy name
:and realised-be spiritual-Rest
:and fullydone-be thy will
:and Middle-World-in-the
:and Heavens-in-the
:and give us each-day godly-gift-the
:and wash us our spiritual-separation
:and we wash their spiritual-separation
:and burden-not us heavenly-adjudication-by
:and guide us evil-out-from

==LΙΝҀΟΥΑ LΟΥϹΑΡ / Loucarian==

:ΝЄΜЄΤ ϚΟϚΠЄІΤΟ ΠѠΔΙϹ ῙϹ ϹΑΤΑ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ : ЄΤΤΙ ΠЄJЄΤΟ ῙϹ:
:ЄΝΑΜϜЄΡϜЄΡ ΤΙΜ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ ϹΟΥΔЄΙЄΡЄ ΙϹΑ:
:ΑΒΒΑ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЄΝ ϚΑΜΑΥΑΝΑΜ ΝΑ
:ϘЄΔΔЄϹ ΑL ΝΟΜΟΝ ΔΙ ΤΙΜЄΤ
:ϚѠΠΠЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΟΥΜΜЄΝ ΔΙ ΤΙ ΠѠΔЄϘϹ ΦЄϹΤΙΝΑΜ
:ΟΥΤΤΑΤΟ ϜΑΔ ΑL ΑLΦΑϹ ΔΙ ΤΙ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΤΙΡ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΠΑΡΑΔЄΙϚΙΑΜ
:ϹϜЄΡϹΑΡЄ ΤΙ ΑΔΙϹ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЮΤΙΜ ΑL ΠΟΥΝΤΙΜ ϹΑϚϹΟΥΜНΝЄϹ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ
:ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΑL ΙϹΑΙϹΑ ΝΟΒΟΝ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ϘΟΥЄΜ ΝΑϹ ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΑΜΑΔЄΡΑΜ ΔΙ ΝЄϚϚЄΡ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔΟΥϹЄΡЄ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔΙϹ ΠЄΙΡΑϚΜΟΜ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔН ϹѠΙΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔ ΙΝJΟΥΔΙϚϚΙΑΜ. ѨΜΙΝ.

:They ask to Jesus concerning to pray; and said Jesus:
:Whenever you pray say this:
:Father of us in-heaven-in
:holy the name of you
:become the heavenly-realm of you with fast
:go done the will of you as in the earth as in the paradise
:give you towards us today the bread of-everyday of us
:wipe-away you the this-here sin of us as we wipe-away the sinship of them
:do-not lead us towards temptation
:do-not but put you us to trial. amen.

==(Modern) Ialacian==

:Yamono Fadatheudeur inmiso hedeveudeun,
:leteyim no nekem bi aneurshta.
:Leteyim no kidingdeudeum kam,
:leteyim kiena waonteyim fu hapeun bi dushta
:onmiso eukeurtheu asoru biya dushta inmiso hedeveudeun.
:Giveyim pamo tisoneun yamono neunlimiso beurekedeu.
:Forgiveyim pamo aru yamono sikinsi
:jesteumiso asoru haveyamo alsorumiso forgiveushta taseto kien sin agensteumiso pamo.
:Kipeyim pamo feurommiso faollinggeu intumiso sikin kienu biyamo tempeushta.
:Seiveyim pamo feurommiso lo iveulmung in;
:foru lo kidingdeudeum, lo padauweudeur, toru lo geulodoridi bi yimno, forueveurmiso. Amen.

==(Modern) Avelian==

:Camo no Fadatheudeur inmiseot hedeveudeun,
:cim letnida no netem bimnida-aneurnidayo.
:Cim letnida no kidingdeudeum kamao,
:cim letnida kimnat weontnida hapeunao bimnida-dumnidayo
:onmiseot euteurtheu cometeo ca bimnida-dumnidayo inmiseot hedeveudeun.
:Cim givnida camo koretien camo no tienlimiseot beureted.
:Cim forgivnida camo ateo camo no sitin
:jestmiseot cometeo camo alsuteomiseot forgivnijiyo il kim sinnida agenstmiseot camo.
:Cim kipnida camo feurommiseot feolshao intumiseot sitin kimnut camo bimnida-tempnidayo.
:Cim seivnida camo feurommiseot iveulmang il;
:feteo kidingdeudeum, padauweudeur, kuteo geulodoridi biseo cim no, kuteoeveurmiseot. Emen.

==Bu'ochia==

:Njosto padrón, kia asta an chiellium
:Chea sjen nom asta sancituri
:Chea sjen raliam venvi
:Chea sjen volosón asta naochi
:Ser terrum sem ser chiellium
:Dunnavi-noasta azi njosto pani je chachi uro
:Pardanvi njostosi ovenchuvati
:Ser noasta pardunomós achi ere ellum kia noasta uvos ovensuvasa
:Lel nen noasta inducha teminotium
:Masi leberani noasta ochje malum.
:Aminan

==[[Nyenglisk]]==

:Ár faður ín hevinað,
:Halóað er þín nam,
:þín kingdom kome,
:þín vil er makað,
:on erðað as ín hevinað.
:Give víð tilda ár dali bred.
:Forgive víð, ár sina
:As ví forgive þata, som sin eje víð
:Save ví fro tímiðum af trialað
:o delive ví fro ývilað
:[For kingdomiðum, páeriðum, o glóríðum er þíns ná o for evur. Amen.]

==[[Solaric]]==

:Fòrr ewo nhebn,
:neem Yöö yehöle,
:rüü Yöö yesiwoikèm
:weu Yöö yesiwoigeedü
:nadwol loi nhebn.
:yügevusye daalebreed ewo tadee.
:Yüfgevus eemyesen ewo,
:loi wifgevem daa deesen ngeets us.
:Yüseevys frè jentaam,
:an yübrengus frè ivu.
:[Kèz ödrüü, edpawo, 'n odgloi deeyööz
:nyo 'n freve. Amen.]

==Intrekómi==
:Món Pápa ínno ávno,
:ton nomí es holíninó,
:ton ressilénto komí,
:Te hi esóno finí,
:ono l’Érti se ínno ávno.
:Áttū ma’ món díni bréto sedí.
:Forgívū món sína per mas
:se ma forgíva la pópla ki sí kon mas.
:Sévū mas de l’hóro di triálo
:ve delíverū mas de la vílo.
:[Per la ressilénto, la póvro, ve la glóro es ton
:adéssi ve per etérni. Ámen.]

==Theudo==
:Than pár ágí,yrth thí inn yln,
:yrth than avn ádích ogam,
:Kumadth than unkrig ádích,
:Mymeridth than abad ádích,
:Onn jorder ek inn yln.
:Gefathí égí than yndé broth ágí
:ug yrdylathí égí thaí egání ágí,
:ek yrdylath égí étí dach égánath alyn égí.
:ug dá burdithí égí dá díchossen,
:ach durthí égí am drogh.
:[Lí yrth sy than unkrig ádích, than ubres ug than gylá. Líny ug y. Amen]

==[[Sandic]] (Kémani)==
:Pé da aŵ pa lēyar,
:Daeyui obatara béenú pé,
:Béno pé obaféd,
:Wîc pé obatoka,
:Ó ba imprîâ obatokara ŵhé pa ân.
:Ŵian ta damdabin jémohnin otiab opétora,
:Ta lenadabin aŵin otiab opéfama,
:Ta kémabin, ŵiab opur, otiab opéfama.
:Ŵian opéneot ma ân aŵtewîc ân ma dabin lenain,
:A ŵiab frn wîc ân ma dabin akenoin opéjjémz.
:[Pa skra jébi- Ba imprîâ frn pé batara, iné wî ba béno, iné wî ba auzeract,
:Gre kala, jéb obatara,]
:Lēamian

==[[Dmezk]]==

:Boja,
:Pani morosza muno metsa
:Muno motsekune asza
:Urhdu murez munazi otso numira fujarez arhmede,
:ko drokesza murez numira lofurajizy,
:Kru murez drokesza murez furetez dusz lek e murez muteke.
:Ko furetez murez enu umz ki dorake.

==[[Parra]]==
{|
|
:<center>''Latin:''</center>
:Papa denes, ce da a seli,
:Noma dedi esi santo fa fara.
:Sarso dedi fa veni,
:Vola dedi esi fa fara, tanta a sinla, tanta a seli.
:Ves den, xat de den per nos dada,
:E debiti denes perona, tanta nos perona emedebiti denes.
:E a temta nos ne conduşu,
:Ma nos escer de saló fara. Amén
||
:<center>''Cyrillic:''</center>
:Папа дэнэс кэ да а сэли,
:Нома дэди эси санто фа фара.
:Сарсо деди фа вени,
:Вола деди эси фа фара, танта а синла, танта а сэли.
:Вес ден, хат де ден пер нос дада,
:Э девити денес перона, танта нос перона эмэдебити денес.
:Э а тэмта нос нэ кондушу,
:Ма нос эскещэ дэ салӧ фара. Амӭн.
|}

==[[Kihā́mmic]]==
'''Kihā́mmic Millenium Bible'''

Gloss

'''9 Vámû náčûm hekóš fáz kašā́ etômá: mnốmô Dárat kétômô yû́n Yégkhāne sói, danamá tīdá sōramá séi.'''

9 You (n pl nom) have to (pres n pl) pray (inf) how (conj) according to (conj) this (f sing gen): our (m sing nom) Father (m sing nom) who (m sing nom) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (pres m sing), your (f sing nom) name (f sing nom) holy (f sing nom) be (pres f sing).

'''10 Ī́tnômô Yegašā́n ôfót, ī́tnûm yón lé Gántre yā́ yû́n Yégkhāne tróp verázamô.'''

10 Your (m sing nom) Kingdom (m sing nom) come (fut imp m sing), yours (m sing nom) on (prep) the (m sing prep) Earth (m sing prep) as (adv) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (fut imp m sing) do (past part m sing nom).

'''11 Klûrû́vû pā́dû yû́n étôme klûrét mámô stagaþố.'''

11 Daily (n sing nom) bread (n sing nom) on (prep) this (f sing prep) day (f sing prep) we (n pl all) give (imp m sing).

'''12 Yanošố mánômā solgkhámā yā́ mánômā solgkhonámā mámû yanû́m.'''

12 Pardon (imp m sing) our (m pl acc) debt (m pl acc) as (adv) our (m pl acc) debtor (m pl acc) we (n pl nom) pardon (pres n pl).

'''13 Ôyán nárstûnô mámā ôkradžôtố bán é ayán eutá mámā čulūtố paškomá ī́tnûm sói lố čanák é lố tūkál ə́tə tôvánə džā́zə. Amén.'''

13 To (prep) temptation (m sing all) we (n pl acc) lead (imp m sing) not (neg) and (conj) from (prep) evil (m sing abl) we (n pl acc) save (imp m sing) because (conj) yours (m sing nom) be (pres m sing) the (m sing nom) power (m sing nom) and (conj) the (m sing nom) glory (m sing nom) for (prep) all (m sing term) time (m sing term). Amen (adv).

==[[Hellingijø]]==
:anseraz faþiriz, hwaz in itim oranï biuziz,
:haggiðiz þinaz onamaz sijeza.
:þinaz bazilidomaz kwemiða,
:þinaz bulizi ana þe gerþi
:hwo ana þo oranï þuriða.
:anseraz hemerilikazini itini arþizi tohemeri gebeniza
:andi anseraz hamaritï sigihoriza,
:hwo wiz itini sundarï anagagin anziz sighoram.
:andi to itinø hagadomiziz de-agiza
:haldiz þinaz fram itinø ubiliziz siziza.
:amen.

==[[Aquarian]]==
:Ayter oosen, dar yas dh'indra,
:Wennick yas ya hennell ov;
:Erras a h-affy hoyrick ov;
:Voon erreth surrys;
:Ar channal, say ar indra.
:Acketh y'oos keenow gakeener scran os.
:Ga vargeth y'oos affickes os,
:Sinda chy a vargy heem dar affickash dhe goorth oos.
:Ga harrenneth y'oos nee dhe gunther;
:Madge nashneemeth y'oos oo leen.
:Amen.

==[[Tanrian]]==
:'''Patro Nostra''' - ''(a version)''
:Patro nostra, qui esta in ceal
:Santificat esta nomen teu
:Regno teu venira
:Voro teu sera fazut
:Sur Terra ca esta in ceal
:Donez a noi hodia nostra pan omnidia
:E ieştaz nostras debitos
:Ca ieştam nostras debitores
:E noi duçez non in tentazio,
:Ma noi liberaz del malezza.
:Amen

== [[Sdrawkcab]] ==

:Ruo rehtaf, ohw si ni nevaeh,
:Dewollah eb yht enam,
:Yht modgnik emoc,
:Yht lliw eb enod,
:No Htrae sa ti si ni Nevaeh
:Evig su siht yad ruo yliad daerb,
:Dna evigrof su ruo snis,
:Sa ew evigrof esoht ohw nis tsniaga su.
:Dael su ton otni noitatpmet,
:Tub reviled su morf live,
:Rof eniht si eht modgnik, eht werop dna eht yrolg,
:Rof reve dna reve,
:Nema!

==[[Bisla'ikh]]==

'''''In Bisla'ikh Script'''''
----

:Дӑтэвӑнђоҏю, ќерђКӑлэӑн,
:Овэеђэда кӑлэмӑнта,
:Ќоралусвађэда, ҏэвӑнђадтеђбува,
:Дежэђэда, гушанђэда, ҏантэнкђаҏђбувӑ,
:ГтюђЭҏпэх, лэкэнӑ скђКӑлэӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн левенӑ павђлучӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн сэќ спучӑшђэда,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн мусэнђэда,
:Ос лунӑмачэђэда скђоҏю эн мусэнђэда, ю мусэнђоҏюђбувӑ обаяђеда!
:Спрэнкђэдађбувӑ веж скђмӑлхӑнӑ, эмп cпрэнкђэдађбувӑ ҏобуђковӑтэ ос ҏобуђмӑлхӑнӑ!
:Аҏ Ќоралусвађэда, энугяђэда, сэќђэда,
:Яу сэќоҏу,
:Cпӑяђэду!

'''''In Roman Script'''''
----

:Dativan'orryu, xer'Kalian,
:Ovie'idu kalimanthu,
:Xorulirsvu'idu, rrivan'udthe'birva,
:Dezhi'idu, girshun'idu, rrunthing'urr'birva,
:Gthyu'Irrfikh, likina sg'Kalian,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in levena puv'lirchan,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in six sfirchash'idu,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu,
:Os lirnamuchi'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu, yu mirsin'orryu'birva obuya'idu!
:Sfring'idu'birva vezh sg'malkhana, imf sfring'idu'birva rrobir'kovati os rrobir'malkhana!
:Urr Xorulirsvu'idu, inirgya'idu, six'idu,
:Yair sixorrir,
:Sfaya'idir!

'''''Translation'''''
----

:Our father, in heaven,
:Your name is Sacred,
:Your kingdom, it comes,
:Your wants, your needs, they shall occur,
:On earth, similar to heaven,
:you give to us now the bread of life,
:You give to us all your compassion,
:You give to us now your forgiveness,
:and you teach to us forgiveness, so we will forgive as you!
:You will not lead us to evil, but you will lead us from temptation, and evil!
:they are your Kingdom, Your power, your all,
:For all time,
:I pray!

==[[Qi (Irfikian Language) | Qi]]==

The Prayer to Sola: The 'lord's prayer' equivalent in the Qilan religion of Solarriam

'''''Qi'a Script:'''''

[[File:Prayer_to_Sola.png]]

'''''Transliteration with Grammar points:'''''

:nalo'áf qi'no a'a so'la o'za no'ó-dá'ó
:''pray we to sola on day(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó da'sana'i lí'di qo'va
:''(adv)continuous shine his light''
:ni'vi'da lí'di vo'o'o qi'no va'lo si'í'i si'a qo'va si'a qo'novir
:''fill he lives our with joy and light and warmth''
:razina'lo'on lí'di va'siro'á na'la
:''bring forth he plants all!''
:fazi'i'os lí'di qa'a'vo'o-i'aza-dá'ó
:''sustain he herd(pl)(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó ni'vi'la'á lí'di va'lo si'zaroni'i qi'no
:''(adv)continuous provide he us with necessities our''
:a'a nazilo'o'a si'a ri'ad
:''to eternity and day''
:qa'asno'oq qi'no li'a'a
:''salute we you''
:va'la'a'í!
:''Prosper!''

'''''Proper translation:'''''

:We pray to sola on this day,
:That his light may continuously shine.
:May he fill our lives with joy, light and warmth
:May he bring forth all plants,
:May he sustain the herds
:May he continuously provide us with what we need
:For eternity and a day
:For we salute you
:Prosper!

==[[Volapük]]==
'''Volapük Rigik - Original Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binon paisaludomöz nem ola!
:Kömomöd monargän ola!
:Jenomöz vil olik, äs in sül, i su tal!
:Bodi obsik vädeliki givolös obes adelo!
:E pardolös obes debis obsik,
:äs id obs aipardobs debeles obas.
:E no obis nindukolös in tendadi;
:sod aidalivolös obis de bad.
:Jenosöd!

'''Volapük Nulik - New Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binol in süls! Nem olik pasalüdükonöd!
:Regän ola kömonöd!
:Vil olik jenonöd, äsä in sül, i su tal!
:Givolös obes adelo bodi aldelik obsik!
:E pardolös obes döbotis obsik,
:äsä i obs pardobs utanes, kels edöbons kol obs.
:E no blufodolös obis,
:ab livükolös obis de bad!
:(Ibä dutons lü ol regän, e nämäd e glor jü ün laidüp.)
:So binosös!

==Todamese==

By [[User:Xadrezo|xadrezo]]

:Meqas up thèladzh [mɛqas up θəladʒ]
:wedy qiv [wɛɟ qiv]
:wey ily [wɛj iʎ]
:odh wediv [ɔð wɛdiv]
:ladzhav thècc [ladʒav θəɕ]
:ow melcadzhapyitsh [ɔw mɛʟadʒapjitʃ]
:ow um ywethèmevits [ɔw um ɥɛθəmɛvits]
:èwh om udh ywethèdhevits [əʍ ɔm uð ɥɛθəðɛvits]
:ow kèm ywethèqgadily [ɔw kɛm ɥɛθəðɛɢadiʎ]
:èwh ow kèny fadzhiv [əʍ ɔw kəɲ fadʒiv]
:èq. [əq]

==[[Calcoradish]]==

[[File:Calcoradish sample text (Lord's prayer).jpg|500px]]

*Latin transcription
:Chém e starden

:Vem stár, edur sór agøis sym naeth; a yidur.
:Yidur dræs vem sǿdur e zøch vendur ǿl nabel.
:Yidur dræs vem volnadúr ol zøch vendur adenǽl.
:Yidur dræs vem lygor e zøch vendur nagǿl aver laghne, den andur aver naeth.
:Zøch fegois e odetol vem yidur codurnedem.
:Zøch adegois e cǽge edur yidur modelaer e chter, corem edur yidur adegedoer vem modenódel e agor yidur.
:Zøch dois gorendrǽl e yidur, em decæis yidur gór modhem.
:Volnadúr em voldor em graneth tordýr e zøch triondor.
:Amen.

==[[Labwese]]==
:Getuz-sovex'Vatu pwo njebex,
:getuz-detu'imje sanktifikate;
:riz-detu'Krolete xri sovex;
:faz-detu'Vile pwo zemlje kil pwo njebe.
:Siwodnja daz-detu sovex'xlote;
:e prastjez-detu sovex'deptex,
:kil prastjez-sovex sovex'deptekex;
:njok perlimjez-detu folz pwo temptatje,
:e rifekez-detu takuj ploxje.
:Amen.

==[[Mentolatian]]==
:zan paher, qua-dauv fí-jeuwof dauv og-quarmenom:
:our father, TOP.you, in the heavens you (be-)where

:nin-fêtyom quesam omfi-secchyom, perem fí-jeuwof i-dvan,
:down-gaze and about-look, from in heavens your,

:arjjaguz quesam cuscuw, dauv:
:blessed and lovely, you

:qua-varam pahera i-zan qua-dauv siyymnom quesam le-nes dauv khoelyos:
:TOP.truth father of us indeed you are and ACC.us you make.whole

:qua-náman i-dvan, yisam he arjjagmenem:
:TOP.name your, that-in.particular it (is) blessed

:qua-reget i-dvan, yisam he nin-wanmnem:
:TOP.realm your, that-in.particular it down-come

:qua-wallwan i-dvan, yisam he tintenmnem:
:TOP.will your, that-in.partic it be beautifully done

:nô ôg-jájomd og-qua-jwí-nô:
:as loc.Gea loc.TOP.Heavens as

:qua-sómat i-zan, cabyôm dauv le-he on-nes yiyi og-yi-sunnu:
:TOP.bread.for.the.day of us, give you ACC.it DAT.us that LOC.this.sun/day

:qua-erufezzí i-zan, nô suwatyôm dauv qua-nes, hessam nes suwatyos nô:
:TOP.sins of-us, as wash.clean you TOP.us, them we wash.clean as

:n-dlatem sem le-nes on-piscamat dauv:
:NEG.put NEG ACC.us DAT.trial you

:rats dlatem le-budem de-yi-tartar:
:quicker send ACC.evil to-that-yonder (away)

:n-wanmnem sem og-nes sem nenfâs.
:NEG.come NEG among-us no evil-doing

==[[Roguel]]==
[[File:Pater-noster-roguel.PNG]]
:Andon burcuetnya sigie burcuteget:
:Ronetlinete Attokorutyo,
:ansiradiyabek ec'ungut,
:onabek t'amanextangut,
:hanyiptabek lhardagut,
:ronde hanodeder.
:Unarihat pankorutit pirkoruma.
:Avelkorutna ripna,
:avelkepkorutna ripnakder.
:Pesadey dumirkorimat merey ik'adibikare.
:Guene t'amanextanek, hurotek, yomonek, kolganalnuk.
:Amen.

==[[Urban Basanawa]]==
Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食与うﾟと我等す今日
: 又ん赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えわ゜と我等之負者
: 又ん無率ど我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, geve to us fondag
: en fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergevet ur beshulders
: en ne leed us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho:p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho:p dai 'kiŋdəm 'ko:m/
: /'ho:p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik in hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho:p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:vət ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en ne 'li:t us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/
Note:
# the short vowels /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/ are frequently pronunced as [ɛ], [ɪ], [ɔ], [ʊ] respectively; the long vowel /a:/ is frequently pronunced as [ɑ:]
# the vowel in the suffix -dom(as in the word "kingdom") can be /o/ or /ə/.
# /ŋ/ is frequently pronunced as [ŋk] in syllable-final position, but this only applies to words and affixes of Germanic Origin.

==Koulesch==
: Fater Unser, der is ime himmel
: Geheiligt werde dain name
: dain raich kome
: dain wille gescheh
: auf erden wie ime himmel
: gib uns heyt unser tagliches brout
: und erlou unsere schulde
: wie wir erloun unsere schuldiger
: und fyyre uns nicht in fersuuchung
: aber befrai uns fomme ybel
: Amen

Pronunciation:
: /'fɑ:tər ʊnsər dɛr ɪs ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /g'he:lɪkt 'ʋɛrdə daɪn 'nɑ:mə/
: /daɪn 'raɪx 'ko:mə/
: /daɪn 'ʋɪl:ə g'ʃe:/
: /auf 'ɛrdən ʋi: ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /'gɪp ʊns 'hɛɪt ʊnsərə 'tɑ:klɪxəs 'bro:t/
: /ʊnt ər'lo: ʊnsərə 'ʃʊldə/
: /ʋi: ʋɪr ər'lo:n ʊnsərə 'ʃʊldɪgər/
: /ʊnt 'fi:rə ʊns nɪxt ɪn fər'su:xʊŋ/
: /abər b'fraɪ ʊns fomə 'i:bəl/
: /ɑ:mən/
Note:
# in Koulesch, /x/ is never pronunced as the voiceless palatal fricative [ç], even before or after front vowels.
# the copula "is" is also sometimes written as "ist", but the form "ist" is considered archaic or dialectical.

==Senjecas==
*9b: ɱúm cemenőm éna tąta̋: tu-fę̋to sa̋kaþo ı̋lo
:1-STA.SG | heaven-STA.PL | in | father-VOC.SG | your=name-NOM.SG | holy-IND-PPTCP-NOM.SG | become-SBJV
*10: tu-ręᵹta̋iɱa ǧe̋mo: tu-tőla kı̋aþa ı̋lo épa cemenőmk̬e v̌ętősk̬' éna
:your=kingdom-NOM.SG | come-SBJV | your=will-NOM.SG | do-IND-PPTCP-NOM.SG | become-SBJV | as | heaven-STA.PL-and | earth-STA.SG-and-ELIS | in
*11: ɱúm o sáhvi ɱúm sa̋ho k̬a̋zom dǫ̋e
:1-STA.PL | to this-day-ADV | 1-STA.PL | this-day | bread-MOT.SG | give-IMP
*12: ɱúm vų̋mon ɱum dų̋re épa ɱus ɱúm vų̋mlun dų̋ra
:1-STA.PL | debt-MOT.PL | 1-MOT.PL | debtor-MOT.PL | forgive-IND | as | 1-NOM.PL | 1-STA.PL | debtor-MOT.PL | forgive-IND
*13: xę̋lam | éna | ɱun | de̋uke | mę | þǫ́si | łąxta̋s | ápa | ɱun | še̋ve
: temptation-MOT.SG in 1-MOT.PL lead-IMP not but evil-STA.SG from 1-MOT.PL free-IMP
*hi | ręᵹta̋iɱak̬e | ɱa̋kak̬e | ṁa̋gok̬e | tús | o | še̋ðtam | éna | e̋sa
:for | kingdom-NOM.SG-and | power-NOM.SG-and | glory-NOM.SG-and | eternity | into | be-IND

=Alternative Writing System=
==[[Tower Orthography|Tawyr Oorthaagryfii]]==
*Erlii Maadyrn Ingglic (1662 BCP)
:Aur Fadhyr, witc art in Hevyn,
:Halood bii dhai Neem.
:Dhai Kingdym cym.
:Dhai wil bii dyn,
:in erth az it iz in Hevyn.
:Giv ys dhis dee aur deelii bred.
:And foorgiv ys aur trespasiz,
:Az wii foorgiv dhem dhat trespas ygenst ys.
:And liid ys naat intuu tempteetcyn;
:Byt dylivyr ys frym iivil.
:[Foor dhain iz dhy kingdym, dhy pawyr, and dhy gloorii,
:Foor ever and ever.] Amen.

==Mënk==
By [[User:Sam_s89|Sam_s89]]

*An alternative writing system for a Mancunian conlang, still in the early stages of development.
:Ë të-afse,
:Wah bÿ n Elÿsÿum,
:Fntastk bÿ je næm.
:Je tym kum
:Je wanh bÿ tun
:N ve Näf n Elÿsÿum.
:Gf wÿ ttæ ë clep
:N fegyf ë prÿfjus
:N wÿ ulfegyf veh wah prÿfjus wÿ
:N tunt sent wÿ nefe temcun
:But tlyfe wÿ frm ÿfyl
:[Fe Elÿsÿum, ve pë n glary bÿ ja, në n frefe]
:Ëmn

==[['Ingglish|Íngglish]]==
By [[User:Personak|personak]].

*King Dgeimzs Vurczén (King James Version)
:Aur fáadhur,
:Which aart in héeven,
:Háaloud bii dhai neim.
:Dhai kíngdem kuom,
:Dhai wil bii duon on Urth,
:Azs it izs in héeven.
:Giv uos dhis dei aur déiliy breed.
:And fourgív uos aur deets,
:As wii fourgív aur déeterzs.
:And liid uos not íntuu teemptéicsen,
:Buot delíver uos fruom íivel:
:Four dhain izs dhe kíngdem, and dhe páuwer, and dhe glóuriy, fouréver.
:Éimeen.

[[Category:Texts]]

Our Father

2015-05-14T19:49:20Z

K1234567890y: /* Urban Basanawa */

'''Our Father''', also known as the '''Lord's Prayer''', is a widely-known prayer of Christianity. It is used by linguists and conlangers for comparing the differences between languages. In many cases it is also called the '''Pater Noster''' because of the widespread use of Latin in the Church. There are even [[Runes|Runic]] inscriptions in Latin along the lines of "say a Pater Noster for so-and-so's soul."

=Natlangs=
==[[Romance Languages]]==
===Latin===
:Pater noster, qui es in caelis:
:sanctificetur Nomen Tuum;
:adveniat Regnum Tuum;
:fiat voluntas Tua,
:sicut in caelo, et in terra.
:Panem nostrum cotidianum da nobis hodie;
:et dimitte nobis debita nostra,
:Sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris;
:et ne nos inducas in tentationem;
:sed libera nos a Malo.

===[[Spanish]]===
:Padre nuestro, que estás en los cielos,
:santificado sea tu Nombre;
:venga tu Reino;
:hágase tu Voluntad,
:así en la tierra como en el cielo.
:Nuestro pan cotidiano dánosle hoy;
:y perdónanos nuestras deudas,
:así como nosotros hemos perdonado a nuestros deudores;
:no nos dejes caer en tentación,
:mas líbranos del mal.
:Amén.

==[[Germanic languages]]==
===[[High German]]===
:Vater Unser im Himmel,
:Geheiligt werde Dein Name,
:Dein Reich komme.
:Dein Wille geschehe,
:Wie im Himmel, so auf Erden.
:Unser tägliches Brot gib uns heute,
:Und vergib uns unsere Schuld,
:Wie auch wir vergeben unseren Schuldigern.
:Und führe uns nicht in Versuchung,
:Sondern erlöse uns von dem Bösen.
:Denn Dein ist das Reich und die Kraft
:und die Herrlichkeit, in Ewigkeit.
:Amen.

===[[Dutch]]===
:Onze Vader,
:die in de hemelen zijt,
:geheiligd zij Uw naam.
:Uw rijk kome,
:Uw wil geschiede op aarde als in de hemel.
:Geef ons heden ons dagelijks brood,
:en vergeef ons onze schulden,
:gelijk ook wij vergeven aan onze schuldenaren.
:En leid ons niet in bekoring,
:maar verlos ons van het kwade.

===[[Modern English]] ELLC (1988)===
:Our Father in heaven,
:hallowed be your name,
:your kingdom come,
:your will be done,
:on earth as in heaven.
:Give us today our daily bread.
:Forgive us our sins
:as we forgive those who sin against us.
:Save us from the time of trial
:and deliver us from evil.
:[For the kingdom, the power, and the glory are yours
:now and for ever. Amen.]

===[[Early Modern English]] (1662 BCP)===
:Our Father, which art in Heaven,
:Hallowed be thy Name.
:Thy Kingdom come.
:Thy will be done,
:in earth as it is in Heaven.
:Give us this day our daily bread.
:And forgive us our trespasses,
:As we forgive them that trespass against us.
:And lead us not into temptation;
:But deliver us from evil.
:[For thine is the kingdom, The power, and the glory,
:For ever and ever.] Amen.

===[[Middle English]]===
:Fader ure ðatt art in hevene blisse,
:Ðin hege name itt wurðe bliscedd,
:Cumen itt mote ði kingdom,
:Ðin hali wil it be al don,
:In heven and in erðe all so,
:So itt sall ben ful wel ic to;
:Gif us alle one ðis dai,
:Ure bred of iche dai,
:And forgive us ure sinne,
:Als we don ure wiðerwinnes:
:Leet us noct in fondlinge fall,
:Ooc fro ivel ðu sild us alle. Amen.

===[[Anglo-Saxon]]===
:Fæder ūre, þū eart on heofonum:
:sī þīn nama ȝehāȝlod.
:Tōbecume þīn rīce.
:Ȝeƿeorþe þīn ƿilla
:on eorþan sƿāsƿā on heofonum.
:Ūre dæȝhƿāmlican hlāf sielle ūs tō dæȝe.
:And forȝief ūs ūre ȝyltas
:sƿāsƿā ƿē forȝiefaþ ūrum ȝyltendem.
:And ne ȝelǣd þū on costnunȝe,
:ac ālīes ūs of yfele.

===[[Norwegian]]===
:Fader vår, du som er i himmelen!
:Helliget vorde ditt navn;
:komme ditt rike;
:skje din vilje,
:som i himmelen, så og på jorden;
:gi oss idag vårt daglige brød;
:og forlat oss vår skyld,
:som vi og forlater våre skyldnere;
:og led oss ikke inn i fristelse;
:men fri oss fra det onde.
:For riket er ditt,
:og makten og æren i evighet.
:Amen.

==[[Celtic Languages]]==

===[[Proto-Gallo-Brythonic]]===
:Asron atīr, esti·i̯o eni nemesi,
:noibos buu̯et tou anu̯an,
:ro·to·aχsāt tou rīgi̯on
:u̯reχtus tou au̯illos
:u̯or talamoni samalī eni nemesi.
:Asron baragon petidīi̯ācon dā snūs sindīu̯on.
:Matu̯ī snūs asron dligetā,
:samalī i̯on matu̯imos asron dligeti̯obo,
:ne·c snīs wede dū u̯osagitē,
:eχtos snīs dīlunge au u̯allū.
:Amen.

=Conlangs=

Feel free to add Lord's prayer in your conlangs' version here.

==[[Aingeljã]]==
Nou Pare, qwe ets nou cell, 
qwe santificat eh vou nome, 
qwe vene a nos vou reixĩ. 
Qwe eh façata va voluntà, 
tant na terra com nou cell. 
Donat-nus hogge nou pã qwotiggãn 
e pardonat-nus nas ofensas, 
com tantbain nos pardonèms qwĩns ofensen-nus. 
E nõ deixat-nus cadre na tentazõn 
e lluwerat-nus dou Mal. 
Amain. 

==[[Altherkin Itak]]==
[[File:Our_Father_-_Altherkin_Itak_-_Script_4.JPG]]

:Jia'meh Abbous Jeon'yajeo naebu de, namaewae Yi beilahjeon ang de.
:Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi beilah.
:Jikan fotei, dei'fover Yi werben no Jeo e'ea Jeon'yajeo naebu.
:Deikan ima e'ea deikan'mej, lat warei kae'a jia'meh nimo.
:Luswerzya luswer jia'meh paliya. Warei ahsu luswer luswerzya dei'fover nyan.
:Yi beilah nei warei jianxi werben dili, da'a'te Yi warei proteto detei luswer paliya.
:(Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi ang de, ta Jeonji, e'ea ta pa'a'me, por jikan fotei mej.)
:Ohmaen

:Our Father Heaven inside is, name you holy it is.
:Land of God your exist.
:Time future, intent you act of Earth and Heaven inside.
:Today and every day, To us bread our give.
:Forget sins our please. We their sin forget intend also.
:You "To be" no us cause "to act" bad, but you us protect from sin please.
:(Land of God yours it is, The divine power, and the glory, for time future all.)
:Amen

[http://www.facebook.com/v/2682096943833 Hear it read by Motonjia (external Link)]

==[[Arkhæn | Arkhæn]]==
A Prayer to The Psynecerion, a polytheistic "Lord's Prayer" equivalent in the religion of Kareigăn-Hæx religion.

=== Modern Arkhæn Alkavăht Script ===
[[File:Arkhaen_Lordprayer.PNG]]

=== Romanized: ===
:Keir præhăm mhe jzakar Yfikt Sehri,
:Hoth amăn khăma taiku Hæx, ara Gaateni
:Keir amăn ir ăndrgaaten, keir flær dhe vari, mhe garăm deru cogan dhe miyar kædi
:Mhe kariar ăz i ăn ara zeidu joirk ak mhe mujes jzakar haqeinan dhe hjaani
:Măhdi keir suod zăn hoth adr, măhdi keir anămi zăn hoth adr,
:Mhe ghejz haqeinan zuk i ăn ăhsl dyhijoi
:Măhdi hoth gaate qajoi dyhijoi mhe mujes jzakar kanrqeinăn avarkhe
:Măhdi ăhsl mhe takad kăhkănen dhe jzakar ræhi dhe hjaani ak dhe jzakr Kareigăn-Hæx.
:Aze Takădi!

=== Translation: ===
:We pray to the Perfect Ones,
:They who came from Six, our creators
:We who are subservient, we ask of them, to lend us some of their strength
:To carry on our daily tasks and to keep the balance of nature
:May we live as they do, may we die as they do, to bring balance upon all worlds
:May they create more worlds to drive the imbalance away.
:May all to be enlightened of the ways of nature and of the Original Six.
:Aze Takadi! (both a greeting gesture as well as a sort of "amen")

==[[The World|Avantimanisc]]==
:Oure fadêr that be yn heuenerihhe;
:sende ye-hallawet thin namô;
:cwem te thin rihhdomaz;
:sende thin wellez ye-dôn swo yn medwaralde swo yn heuenam;
:yef ôs on te daye oure ĳelckday susteynavant;
:ande ôs foryef oure detes,
:swo we foryef te oure detendam;
:ande ne lîth ôs nouwt te thon castynge,
:but framward-ôs-lôs fram euele.

==Esperanto==
:Patro nia, kiu estas en la ĉielo,
:sanktigata estu Via nomo.
:Venu Via regno.
:Fariĝu Via volo,
:kiel en la ĉielo, tiel ankaŭ sur la tero.
:Nian panon ĉiutagan donu al ni hodiaŭ.
:Kaj pardonu al ni niajn ŝuldojn,
:kiel ankaŭ ni pardonas al niaj ŝuldantoj.
:Kaj ne konduku nin en tenton,
:sed liberigu nin de la malbono.
:(Ĉar Via estas la regno kaj la potenco
:kaj la gloro eterne.)
:Amen.

==[[Háfrig]]==
:Kes Etâr, qwin il eskáleo ri,
:genomentuz i missild,
:offimmoz i tis agenir,
:geroz i tis élekk,
:léda l-eskálio, śo l-edzúroro si.
:Forventikál vekánandum dontiz káj píl,
:et offűliz i bêtgánandu,
:léda ke s’ offűlam i h-inóvand bêtdífendo.
:E gin véliz kum kojsitána,
:ak gemojgiriz i vultími.
:(Dé tis i h-agenir, i forrel e l-iskür forvenâk.)
:Roz ö-gen.

==Lojban==
:doi cevrirni.iu noi zvati le do cevzda do'u fu'e .aicai .e'ecai lo do cmene ru'i censa
:.i le do nobli turni be la ter. ku se cfari
:.i loi do se djica ba snada mulno vi'e le cevzda .e .a'o la ter.
:.i fu'e .e'o ko dunda ca le cabdei le ri nanba mi'a
:.i ko fraxu mi loi ri zu'o palci
:.ijo mi fraxu roda poi pacyzu'e xrani mi
:.i ko lidne mi fa'anai loi pacyxlu
:.i ko sepri'a mi loi palci
:.i .uicai ni'i loi se turni .e loi vlipa .e loi mi'orselsi'a cu me le do romei
:fa'o

==[[Anoé]]==

:,nul-((fuuilat-en-ia)-él-éltil)

:efma-en-ve fi-atfalit tléé

:((tintom-en-ve fi-ulaat tléé

:uuifó-en-ve fó-én-aé)

:an-(Earth)-fn-(al-ló-él-éltil)).

:,ve ie-aile-ufuium li-aten-óf-(ailu)-at-ia.

:,ve felien-en-ia éliuón-at-ia

:nif-(ia én-(laéen ia feliu) éliuón-at-al.

:,ve ia erian-ól-(ésélit-en-uilien)

:tléé ve ia erian-sééld.

:(fan ól-tintom tlé ól-élein tlé ól-aliaten (al-en-ve al

:ló-(et-tlé-néf)). ,fti-ló.)

==Classical Longrimol==
{{seealso|Longrimol}} by [[User:Longrim|Longrim]]

:Adhorom nedhúrer
:airalichy raivog
:therdhäil darandorog
:dhánäilichy malfog
:márchan nedhúrer
:gweltheljbantho-m'il
:jaldhtharvo-m'il
:oi thärvim mênjäldhim
:dhulro-m'il glastainúlong
:dhulro-m'il gruidhong.

:[find i dharandr-og cambadh-og asdago-og cwildhríl. Emín.]

==Classical Arithide==
{{seealso|Classical Arithide}} by [[User:Denihilonihil|Eugene]]
{{seealso|Arithide Sample Text Corpus}}

{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" width="66%"
|-
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Classical Arithide
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Late Classical Arithide
|-
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rignā, zōon saluminnum, histamosit illos ays. Egēra lisgas ays. Reskerosit deiros ays, halagum saluminnumena. Rignor emereto haror omer krerērō, a kansārērō irige syndrē, rīgisae syndirēnēs kansārena. On rege avgērērō thiftiae, nege rege magārērō vokirōn. Amen.
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rikin, saluminnum hero, histamesit illos ayn. Egura lisgas ayn. Reskeresit deiros ayn, halaginnum saluminnumena. Rikin emnatir haro omnat kreruras, nam kansaruras rīkae syndrē, rikisyndoris syndirēnēs kansariena. On riko avlataguras orgrei, nege riko magāruras vokyrōn. Amen.
|}

==Ellesklavan==
{{seealso|Ellesklavan}}

:vidrömü, ci eu en éfni,
:aolé eu tli nömü.
:tli řoyamü viyen.
:tli sřay eu fazi,
:en teřya é ža eu en éfni.
:dono no sé širu pasirana kotined.
:éti frocefi no trégepaseniran,
:kön no frocefi elehli ci trégepaseni kontri no.
:éti neu kleřtni pa no ostü betnosü;
:mé délifeř no dé džharag.
:(porceu lešé eu lé řoyamü, lé pufovřir, éti lé kloriyen,
:por tu éti tu) amné.

== Teeverb Kuluxem ==
{{seealso|Teeverb Kuluxem}}

Teeverb Kuluxem:

:Tuchomat Kulonar:
:Padre keeyuhn infadia, uba' nio shuuran,
:Tunatma kuyuhn echa' tubonflaken.
:Yaco-ubhiemna tukinglak kunoi tuyumya,
:Shem yaco-ubfin tupaj kunoi,
:Nio shutereen sima nio shuuran.
:Pal-ubofero tukwam kudiama kuval alt sheeyuhn;
:Shem pal-ubforglan teeyuhn sima okforglan teeotheeno;
:Vo pal-ubleedha teeyuhn alt shutemapta,
:Kief pal-ubforma okvan vaeem shupekitat;
:Tukinglak shem tufuertlas shem tuglameeka eshadda kunoi.
:Amen

Translation:

:The prayer of the Lord:
:The Father of Ours, who is in Heaven,
:Your name is great.
:Bring your kingdom here,
:And accomplish your plan,
:On Earth the same as in Heaven.
:Give us the food of this day;
:Forgive us the same as we forgive others;
:Do not lead us to temptation,
:But force us to go away from evil;
:The glory, the power and the glory are your's.
:Amen

==Thorsutian==
{{seealso|Thorsutian}}

:Man baset, cus ёd nё parasje,
:ёsmardzsёn ёdur xjen zavke.
:Xjen mёbraţje rikas.
:Xjen zsёdu çozid,
:ёn toke siç ёd tho parasjud.
:Jat maţu ked ord man vorje bucje.
:E ţalis maţu man funёbartiv,
:siç maţ ţalёmi çadёk cus funёbart kurda maţu
:E pron maţu nok tho ёnarzsud,
:pas shonah maţu el necud,
:(ţa xjen ёl mёbraţi, uuzs, e strirren,
:ţa dadarma e dadarma.)
:Amen

==Tauro-Piscean==
{{seealso|Tauro-Piscean language}}

:Tet Fedä ëleêses, wa zï in Heofonem,
:¡Letan tet Namen janes clenê bean!
:Tet Kïnedom janes kum.
:¡Letan tet Willê janes dodê bean,
:Et Eëtenem tonnê in Heofonem!
:¡Jefan ëleêsen tode tet jedewamliken Bräden!
:¡And fëjefan ëleêsen te Jïêlten,
:Tonnê ëleês fëjef kvinem, dass makê Jïêlten!
:¡And ledan ëleêsen nat in Kostnungen,
:Ak beëjan ëleêsan fram Ïfeêlem!
:[Tï janes zï tet Kïnedom, tet Mït and tet Wöldë,
:To efä nes efä.] Sotlikê.

It is worth noting that the Tauro-Piscean language evolved into the (New) West Germanic language below.

==West Germanic==
{{seealso|West Germanic language}}

:Uɍę Ąldoɍ, tu tąt is in ħjovonųm,
:Si tin namę halaɉ.
:Kumę tin riŧę,
:Maŧiǫn tin wįleǫn up eɍdųm ék swa in ħjovonųm.
:Uɍę daɉliŧ lafǫn gįvǫn us todaɉ,
:ǫnd foɍgįvǫn us uɍę ſųldzǫn ék swa we foɍgįf uɍę ſųldaɉǫn.
:Ǫnd faɍǫn tu ųn in ħjan kǫstnųnðǫn, ak luzǫn ųn uvęlęnę.
:[Ųmbętąt tin is tąt riŧę, tąt miħt ǫnd tąt wųldoɍ,
:ąvɍweɍd eŧę.]
:Sodliŧę.

==Vityng by [[User:Schlaier|Schlaier]]==
{{seealso|Vityng}}
{{seealso|Vityng our Father}}

:fæðirr óssa, hvem ar i himinn
:nama þinn ver hǽlge
:kónungrikk þinn ver gaður
:øskja þinn ver skaftur
:an eorð og sva i himinn.
:ǿssi gefar dægglykur brǿð óssa, þessa dagg.
:og synni óssa grætar óss
:sva varr grætum þætt ƕað skap synni an ǿssi
:i nǿðen lǽðarna óss
:og fram yfil takar óss.
:sænnlykur.

==Nytal==
{{seealso|Nytal}}
{{seealso|Nytal biblical texts}}

:Babu ni la, ki ad’jo ju ojl 
:Ni la a’šijnt noym Ok 
:Nori sliknost Ok 
:Ni la a’nut ehoj Ok 
:Iknijt ju ojl, Iknijt sjep bajus vsi 
:Ole tyahri er ni la ejs ni la 
:A vlup er ni la le finans ni la 
:Iknijt gek ni la a’vlup er le mefinanser ni la 
:A ta nenijt ni la ka medoljem 
:U vrij ni la de olim 
::Amen

==Lánc==
{{seealso|Lánc}}

:Vojun nát, eráv bálot
:Townon úk svútutolas
:Townon krišpót atja
:Townon šalja toljas
:Džú bálot džu pánot
:Lakfadžo vojay vojunon banfadžáro bágwo kál
:Ši vojay vojunyojon plačoy gwalč
:Džu vój vojunyajon plajačanay mijo gwalčen
:Ši vojo onás gorávtjámás ét majv
:Ýbo vojo ód ono gráwno nálutol.
:Amen

==[[Leet_Speak|L337 5q34Ҟ]]==

:0ύЯ ph4th3r N ん3\/N,
:L33+ 1z ur N￥m,
:ur Ӄ1n6|)0mz h3Я3 nao,
:u 90んん4 cl00 vv47 u w4んん4 cl00,
:0n 34r+ん L13k n ん3\/N.
:L37z 34+ 2d4y l13k d4 07hЯ d31,
:461v h0w3r fragz & pks plz,
:& wii vv1LL 461v3 d4 w0nz dat phr4993d u5.
:$4v3 uz phr0m d4 fl00d,
:& 41$0 phr0m d4 L337 3v!|_.
:4ym3んz.

==Lišěč==
{{seealso|Lišěč}}
{|
|
:<center>'''''Latin alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Fial Ipa, ktõr õłokotë tajväka
:sanktakammë leel nimien
:mënnajast leel küningrik
:tĕdaekemmë leel vylen
:śo tajväka, śo mälmake
:đnes antajatë fiam đnesmasen lĕjpäen
:õnt fergepejetë fial velkĕnesen
:śo fi fergepekemmë fial velketelnesem
:õnt ĕłi oğiatojotë ferśukedenë
:õnt svobõdojotë fian pakadaţë
:Amen
||
:<center>'''''Cyrillic alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Фиал Ипа, ктõр õљокотё тайвäка
:санктакаммё леел нимиен
:мённайаст леел кÿнингрик
:тĕдаекеммё леел вылен
:зо тайвäка, зо мäлмаке
:ћнес антайатё фиам ћнесмасен лĕйпäен
:õнт фергепейетё фиал велкĕнесен
:зо фи фергепекеммё фиал велкетелнесем
:õнт ĕљи ођиатойотё ферзукеденё
:õнт свобõдойотё фиан пакадаθё
:Амен
|}

==Keβag==
{{seealso|Keβag}}

:Fät man, lë beş ë pöt taɸ ë nheμet'
:lo seintsat ë seɸot'u ðo
:qeşa e dewönhoxul ðo
:ër sat'a ë pełäk do
:aże taɸ ë nheμet', aże taɸ ë nhujm'
:ovinë manheşë ekys ë nałecu ekyşoru μan
:cë danosë en μyg μan
:lo danos aże en μyɣocuv μan
:cë μë phonë manhëm taɸ ë rhejżaxaş
:aca püksatё manhëm renh e-ekwaň.
:Amen

==Teycil==
{{seealso|Teycil}}
:Paycil, jsomnajs hœjcoir væ
:zulev jsuveno lea
:ga ayro bolmadanev
:malev nā lea
:jsomnajs me ehrenajs
:moljga luie molojzunour mujxel ga beih
:me jqœnūl ga gjrebeih
:polajs-ajga jqœnosæcūl gjrebō lea
:me pîrojgīne xo le ga doikot vā
:tu jræsīne jcon le ga jzineih vā
:Amēn

==Nician==
{{seealso|Nician}}

:'''Il nost pat'''

:Il nost pat, chi ses nis ceis,
:Saintifcat sie’l tu nom.
:Venì’l tu regn.
:Se face la tue volontat,
:Nis ceis com sope la terre.
:Oz dànos il nost pan cottizan.
:E dimìttenos is nosts dèvits,
:Com ezze nos dimittius ais nosts devitoes.
:E n’indùcenos in teumtazion,
:Veò lìveanos da male.

==Brithenig==

:Nustr Padr, ke sia i llo chel,
:sia senghid tew nôn,
:gwein tew rheon,
:sia ffaeth tew wolont,
:syrs lla der sig i llo chel.
:Dun nustr pan diwrnal a nu h-eidd;
:e pharddun llo nustr phechad a nu,
:si nu pharddunan llo nustr phechad.
:E salw nu di'll temp di drial,
:mai llifr nu di'll mal.
:Per ill rheon, ill cofaeth e lla leir es ill tew, per segl e segl.

==Kerno==

:a Phazeoir Nusteor que bias 'n y ceues;
:foreth noef il tew nom;
:gouenyes il tew camouils;
:foreth fès la teva gouoluntáts
:en lâ derra cuomo 'ny ceues;
:danos-el osdia le nusteor panèn cuotidièn;
:dimeti y nusteor dheuz
:cuomo dimitemus ai nusteor dheutoeres;
:et ne nus attrayer rhen al tentación,
:mays eliveránus des val.

==Old High Jermench==

:fatzar nôstar cî es in câlîs
:seiaz cunsantzîts noum twou
:wienaz rin twou
:seiaz cundahtûts wuontzats twâ
:siht in câl ah in zerra
:fân nôstar côsitân ta nous houd
:ez ferdouna nous ôdsa nôstra
:siht ez nus ferdounams ôdintîs nôstrîs
:ez nei nus intûtzas in zinhôn
:mâhs liura nus tei mâl

==Talarian==

:elemtilenopâtar
:sánctyata tawas xonomar-ca-he
:wewóytâ hanirfanar-ca-he
:pepelewórkâ tawas walar-ca-he
:hostanuššexomani-han-he
:elemtileno-han-he
:tatâhyata-me tâlcoteyel támtar-ca-he
:ffaffalyata-me mesas taipallanar-ca-he
:ffalmá cam taipallanar-ca-he
:anhaharxanyata-me çalarswwalana-ca-he
:roromyata-me tusar-te-he. Omen.

:Heavenly Father
:and blessed-be thy name
:and realised-be spiritual-Rest
:and fullydone-be thy will
:and Middle-World-in-the
:and Heavens-in-the
:and give us each-day godly-gift-the
:and wash us our spiritual-separation
:and we wash their spiritual-separation
:and burden-not us heavenly-adjudication-by
:and guide us evil-out-from

==LΙΝҀΟΥΑ LΟΥϹΑΡ / Loucarian==

:ΝЄΜЄΤ ϚΟϚΠЄІΤΟ ΠѠΔΙϹ ῙϹ ϹΑΤΑ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ : ЄΤΤΙ ΠЄJЄΤΟ ῙϹ:
:ЄΝΑΜϜЄΡϜЄΡ ΤΙΜ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ ϹΟΥΔЄΙЄΡЄ ΙϹΑ:
:ΑΒΒΑ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЄΝ ϚΑΜΑΥΑΝΑΜ ΝΑ
:ϘЄΔΔЄϹ ΑL ΝΟΜΟΝ ΔΙ ΤΙΜЄΤ
:ϚѠΠΠЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΟΥΜΜЄΝ ΔΙ ΤΙ ΠѠΔЄϘϹ ΦЄϹΤΙΝΑΜ
:ΟΥΤΤΑΤΟ ϜΑΔ ΑL ΑLΦΑϹ ΔΙ ΤΙ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΤΙΡ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΠΑΡΑΔЄΙϚΙΑΜ
:ϹϜЄΡϹΑΡЄ ΤΙ ΑΔΙϹ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЮΤΙΜ ΑL ΠΟΥΝΤΙΜ ϹΑϚϹΟΥΜНΝЄϹ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ
:ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΑL ΙϹΑΙϹΑ ΝΟΒΟΝ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ϘΟΥЄΜ ΝΑϹ ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΑΜΑΔЄΡΑΜ ΔΙ ΝЄϚϚЄΡ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔΟΥϹЄΡЄ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔΙϹ ΠЄΙΡΑϚΜΟΜ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔН ϹѠΙΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔ ΙΝJΟΥΔΙϚϚΙΑΜ. ѨΜΙΝ.

:They ask to Jesus concerning to pray; and said Jesus:
:Whenever you pray say this:
:Father of us in-heaven-in
:holy the name of you
:become the heavenly-realm of you with fast
:go done the will of you as in the earth as in the paradise
:give you towards us today the bread of-everyday of us
:wipe-away you the this-here sin of us as we wipe-away the sinship of them
:do-not lead us towards temptation
:do-not but put you us to trial. amen.

==(Modern) Ialacian==

:Yamono Fadatheudeur inmiso hedeveudeun,
:leteyim no nekem bi aneurshta.
:Leteyim no kidingdeudeum kam,
:leteyim kiena waonteyim fu hapeun bi dushta
:onmiso eukeurtheu asoru biya dushta inmiso hedeveudeun.
:Giveyim pamo tisoneun yamono neunlimiso beurekedeu.
:Forgiveyim pamo aru yamono sikinsi
:jesteumiso asoru haveyamo alsorumiso forgiveushta taseto kien sin agensteumiso pamo.
:Kipeyim pamo feurommiso faollinggeu intumiso sikin kienu biyamo tempeushta.
:Seiveyim pamo feurommiso lo iveulmung in;
:foru lo kidingdeudeum, lo padauweudeur, toru lo geulodoridi bi yimno, forueveurmiso. Amen.

==(Modern) Avelian==

:Camo no Fadatheudeur inmiseot hedeveudeun,
:cim letnida no netem bimnida-aneurnidayo.
:Cim letnida no kidingdeudeum kamao,
:cim letnida kimnat weontnida hapeunao bimnida-dumnidayo
:onmiseot euteurtheu cometeo ca bimnida-dumnidayo inmiseot hedeveudeun.
:Cim givnida camo koretien camo no tienlimiseot beureted.
:Cim forgivnida camo ateo camo no sitin
:jestmiseot cometeo camo alsuteomiseot forgivnijiyo il kim sinnida agenstmiseot camo.
:Cim kipnida camo feurommiseot feolshao intumiseot sitin kimnut camo bimnida-tempnidayo.
:Cim seivnida camo feurommiseot iveulmang il;
:feteo kidingdeudeum, padauweudeur, kuteo geulodoridi biseo cim no, kuteoeveurmiseot. Emen.

==Bu'ochia==

:Njosto padrón, kia asta an chiellium
:Chea sjen nom asta sancituri
:Chea sjen raliam venvi
:Chea sjen volosón asta naochi
:Ser terrum sem ser chiellium
:Dunnavi-noasta azi njosto pani je chachi uro
:Pardanvi njostosi ovenchuvati
:Ser noasta pardunomós achi ere ellum kia noasta uvos ovensuvasa
:Lel nen noasta inducha teminotium
:Masi leberani noasta ochje malum.
:Aminan

==[[Nyenglisk]]==

:Ár faður ín hevinað,
:Halóað er þín nam,
:þín kingdom kome,
:þín vil er makað,
:on erðað as ín hevinað.
:Give víð tilda ár dali bred.
:Forgive víð, ár sina
:As ví forgive þata, som sin eje víð
:Save ví fro tímiðum af trialað
:o delive ví fro ývilað
:[For kingdomiðum, páeriðum, o glóríðum er þíns ná o for evur. Amen.]

==[[Solaric]]==

:Fòrr ewo nhebn,
:neem Yöö yehöle,
:rüü Yöö yesiwoikèm
:weu Yöö yesiwoigeedü
:nadwol loi nhebn.
:yügevusye daalebreed ewo tadee.
:Yüfgevus eemyesen ewo,
:loi wifgevem daa deesen ngeets us.
:Yüseevys frè jentaam,
:an yübrengus frè ivu.
:[Kèz ödrüü, edpawo, 'n odgloi deeyööz
:nyo 'n freve. Amen.]

==Intrekómi==
:Món Pápa ínno ávno,
:ton nomí es holíninó,
:ton ressilénto komí,
:Te hi esóno finí,
:ono l’Érti se ínno ávno.
:Áttū ma’ món díni bréto sedí.
:Forgívū món sína per mas
:se ma forgíva la pópla ki sí kon mas.
:Sévū mas de l’hóro di triálo
:ve delíverū mas de la vílo.
:[Per la ressilénto, la póvro, ve la glóro es ton
:adéssi ve per etérni. Ámen.]

==Theudo==
:Than pár ágí,yrth thí inn yln,
:yrth than avn ádích ogam,
:Kumadth than unkrig ádích,
:Mymeridth than abad ádích,
:Onn jorder ek inn yln.
:Gefathí égí than yndé broth ágí
:ug yrdylathí égí thaí egání ágí,
:ek yrdylath égí étí dach égánath alyn égí.
:ug dá burdithí égí dá díchossen,
:ach durthí égí am drogh.
:[Lí yrth sy than unkrig ádích, than ubres ug than gylá. Líny ug y. Amen]

==[[Sandic]] (Kémani)==
:Pé da aŵ pa lēyar,
:Daeyui obatara béenú pé,
:Béno pé obaféd,
:Wîc pé obatoka,
:Ó ba imprîâ obatokara ŵhé pa ân.
:Ŵian ta damdabin jémohnin otiab opétora,
:Ta lenadabin aŵin otiab opéfama,
:Ta kémabin, ŵiab opur, otiab opéfama.
:Ŵian opéneot ma ân aŵtewîc ân ma dabin lenain,
:A ŵiab frn wîc ân ma dabin akenoin opéjjémz.
:[Pa skra jébi- Ba imprîâ frn pé batara, iné wî ba béno, iné wî ba auzeract,
:Gre kala, jéb obatara,]
:Lēamian

==[[Dmezk]]==

:Boja,
:Pani morosza muno metsa
:Muno motsekune asza
:Urhdu murez munazi otso numira fujarez arhmede,
:ko drokesza murez numira lofurajizy,
:Kru murez drokesza murez furetez dusz lek e murez muteke.
:Ko furetez murez enu umz ki dorake.

==[[Parra]]==
{|
|
:<center>''Latin:''</center>
:Papa denes, ce da a seli,
:Noma dedi esi santo fa fara.
:Sarso dedi fa veni,
:Vola dedi esi fa fara, tanta a sinla, tanta a seli.
:Ves den, xat de den per nos dada,
:E debiti denes perona, tanta nos perona emedebiti denes.
:E a temta nos ne conduşu,
:Ma nos escer de saló fara. Amén
||
:<center>''Cyrillic:''</center>
:Папа дэнэс кэ да а сэли,
:Нома дэди эси санто фа фара.
:Сарсо деди фа вени,
:Вола деди эси фа фара, танта а синла, танта а сэли.
:Вес ден, хат де ден пер нос дада,
:Э девити денес перона, танта нос перона эмэдебити денес.
:Э а тэмта нос нэ кондушу,
:Ма нос эскещэ дэ салӧ фара. Амӭн.
|}

==[[Kihā́mmic]]==
'''Kihā́mmic Millenium Bible'''

Gloss

'''9 Vámû náčûm hekóš fáz kašā́ etômá: mnốmô Dárat kétômô yû́n Yégkhāne sói, danamá tīdá sōramá séi.'''

9 You (n pl nom) have to (pres n pl) pray (inf) how (conj) according to (conj) this (f sing gen): our (m sing nom) Father (m sing nom) who (m sing nom) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (pres m sing), your (f sing nom) name (f sing nom) holy (f sing nom) be (pres f sing).

'''10 Ī́tnômô Yegašā́n ôfót, ī́tnûm yón lé Gántre yā́ yû́n Yégkhāne tróp verázamô.'''

10 Your (m sing nom) Kingdom (m sing nom) come (fut imp m sing), yours (m sing nom) on (prep) the (m sing prep) Earth (m sing prep) as (adv) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (fut imp m sing) do (past part m sing nom).

'''11 Klûrû́vû pā́dû yû́n étôme klûrét mámô stagaþố.'''

11 Daily (n sing nom) bread (n sing nom) on (prep) this (f sing prep) day (f sing prep) we (n pl all) give (imp m sing).

'''12 Yanošố mánômā solgkhámā yā́ mánômā solgkhonámā mámû yanû́m.'''

12 Pardon (imp m sing) our (m pl acc) debt (m pl acc) as (adv) our (m pl acc) debtor (m pl acc) we (n pl nom) pardon (pres n pl).

'''13 Ôyán nárstûnô mámā ôkradžôtố bán é ayán eutá mámā čulūtố paškomá ī́tnûm sói lố čanák é lố tūkál ə́tə tôvánə džā́zə. Amén.'''

13 To (prep) temptation (m sing all) we (n pl acc) lead (imp m sing) not (neg) and (conj) from (prep) evil (m sing abl) we (n pl acc) save (imp m sing) because (conj) yours (m sing nom) be (pres m sing) the (m sing nom) power (m sing nom) and (conj) the (m sing nom) glory (m sing nom) for (prep) all (m sing term) time (m sing term). Amen (adv).

==[[Hellingijø]]==
:anseraz faþiriz, hwaz in itim oranï biuziz,
:haggiðiz þinaz onamaz sijeza.
:þinaz bazilidomaz kwemiða,
:þinaz bulizi ana þe gerþi
:hwo ana þo oranï þuriða.
:anseraz hemerilikazini itini arþizi tohemeri gebeniza
:andi anseraz hamaritï sigihoriza,
:hwo wiz itini sundarï anagagin anziz sighoram.
:andi to itinø hagadomiziz de-agiza
:haldiz þinaz fram itinø ubiliziz siziza.
:amen.

==[[Aquarian]]==
:Ayter oosen, dar yas dh'indra,
:Wennick yas ya hennell ov;
:Erras a h-affy hoyrick ov;
:Voon erreth surrys;
:Ar channal, say ar indra.
:Acketh y'oos keenow gakeener scran os.
:Ga vargeth y'oos affickes os,
:Sinda chy a vargy heem dar affickash dhe goorth oos.
:Ga harrenneth y'oos nee dhe gunther;
:Madge nashneemeth y'oos oo leen.
:Amen.

==[[Tanrian]]==
:'''Patro Nostra''' - ''(a version)''
:Patro nostra, qui esta in ceal
:Santificat esta nomen teu
:Regno teu venira
:Voro teu sera fazut
:Sur Terra ca esta in ceal
:Donez a noi hodia nostra pan omnidia
:E ieştaz nostras debitos
:Ca ieştam nostras debitores
:E noi duçez non in tentazio,
:Ma noi liberaz del malezza.
:Amen

== [[Sdrawkcab]] ==

:Ruo rehtaf, ohw si ni nevaeh,
:Dewollah eb yht enam,
:Yht modgnik emoc,
:Yht lliw eb enod,
:No Htrae sa ti si ni Nevaeh
:Evig su siht yad ruo yliad daerb,
:Dna evigrof su ruo snis,
:Sa ew evigrof esoht ohw nis tsniaga su.
:Dael su ton otni noitatpmet,
:Tub reviled su morf live,
:Rof eniht si eht modgnik, eht werop dna eht yrolg,
:Rof reve dna reve,
:Nema!

==[[Bisla'ikh]]==

'''''In Bisla'ikh Script'''''
----

:Дӑтэвӑнђоҏю, ќерђКӑлэӑн,
:Овэеђэда кӑлэмӑнта,
:Ќоралусвађэда, ҏэвӑнђадтеђбува,
:Дежэђэда, гушанђэда, ҏантэнкђаҏђбувӑ,
:ГтюђЭҏпэх, лэкэнӑ скђКӑлэӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн левенӑ павђлучӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн сэќ спучӑшђэда,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн мусэнђэда,
:Ос лунӑмачэђэда скђоҏю эн мусэнђэда, ю мусэнђоҏюђбувӑ обаяђеда!
:Спрэнкђэдађбувӑ веж скђмӑлхӑнӑ, эмп cпрэнкђэдађбувӑ ҏобуђковӑтэ ос ҏобуђмӑлхӑнӑ!
:Аҏ Ќоралусвађэда, энугяђэда, сэќђэда,
:Яу сэќоҏу,
:Cпӑяђэду!

'''''In Roman Script'''''
----

:Dativan'orryu, xer'Kalian,
:Ovie'idu kalimanthu,
:Xorulirsvu'idu, rrivan'udthe'birva,
:Dezhi'idu, girshun'idu, rrunthing'urr'birva,
:Gthyu'Irrfikh, likina sg'Kalian,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in levena puv'lirchan,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in six sfirchash'idu,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu,
:Os lirnamuchi'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu, yu mirsin'orryu'birva obuya'idu!
:Sfring'idu'birva vezh sg'malkhana, imf sfring'idu'birva rrobir'kovati os rrobir'malkhana!
:Urr Xorulirsvu'idu, inirgya'idu, six'idu,
:Yair sixorrir,
:Sfaya'idir!

'''''Translation'''''
----

:Our father, in heaven,
:Your name is Sacred,
:Your kingdom, it comes,
:Your wants, your needs, they shall occur,
:On earth, similar to heaven,
:you give to us now the bread of life,
:You give to us all your compassion,
:You give to us now your forgiveness,
:and you teach to us forgiveness, so we will forgive as you!
:You will not lead us to evil, but you will lead us from temptation, and evil!
:they are your Kingdom, Your power, your all,
:For all time,
:I pray!

==[[Qi (Irfikian Language) | Qi]]==

The Prayer to Sola: The 'lord's prayer' equivalent in the Qilan religion of Solarriam

'''''Qi'a Script:'''''

[[File:Prayer_to_Sola.png]]

'''''Transliteration with Grammar points:'''''

:nalo'áf qi'no a'a so'la o'za no'ó-dá'ó
:''pray we to sola on day(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó da'sana'i lí'di qo'va
:''(adv)continuous shine his light''
:ni'vi'da lí'di vo'o'o qi'no va'lo si'í'i si'a qo'va si'a qo'novir
:''fill he lives our with joy and light and warmth''
:razina'lo'on lí'di va'siro'á na'la
:''bring forth he plants all!''
:fazi'i'os lí'di qa'a'vo'o-i'aza-dá'ó
:''sustain he herd(pl)(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó ni'vi'la'á lí'di va'lo si'zaroni'i qi'no
:''(adv)continuous provide he us with necessities our''
:a'a nazilo'o'a si'a ri'ad
:''to eternity and day''
:qa'asno'oq qi'no li'a'a
:''salute we you''
:va'la'a'í!
:''Prosper!''

'''''Proper translation:'''''

:We pray to sola on this day,
:That his light may continuously shine.
:May he fill our lives with joy, light and warmth
:May he bring forth all plants,
:May he sustain the herds
:May he continuously provide us with what we need
:For eternity and a day
:For we salute you
:Prosper!

==[[Volapük]]==
'''Volapük Rigik - Original Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binon paisaludomöz nem ola!
:Kömomöd monargän ola!
:Jenomöz vil olik, äs in sül, i su tal!
:Bodi obsik vädeliki givolös obes adelo!
:E pardolös obes debis obsik,
:äs id obs aipardobs debeles obas.
:E no obis nindukolös in tendadi;
:sod aidalivolös obis de bad.
:Jenosöd!

'''Volapük Nulik - New Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binol in süls! Nem olik pasalüdükonöd!
:Regän ola kömonöd!
:Vil olik jenonöd, äsä in sül, i su tal!
:Givolös obes adelo bodi aldelik obsik!
:E pardolös obes döbotis obsik,
:äsä i obs pardobs utanes, kels edöbons kol obs.
:E no blufodolös obis,
:ab livükolös obis de bad!
:(Ibä dutons lü ol regän, e nämäd e glor jü ün laidüp.)
:So binosös!

==Todamese==

By [[User:Xadrezo|xadrezo]]

:Meqas up thèladzh [mɛqas up θəladʒ]
:wedy qiv [wɛɟ qiv]
:wey ily [wɛj iʎ]
:odh wediv [ɔð wɛdiv]
:ladzhav thècc [ladʒav θəɕ]
:ow melcadzhapyitsh [ɔw mɛʟadʒapjitʃ]
:ow um ywethèmevits [ɔw um ɥɛθəmɛvits]
:èwh om udh ywethèdhevits [əʍ ɔm uð ɥɛθəðɛvits]
:ow kèm ywethèqgadily [ɔw kɛm ɥɛθəðɛɢadiʎ]
:èwh ow kèny fadzhiv [əʍ ɔw kəɲ fadʒiv]
:èq. [əq]

==[[Calcoradish]]==

[[File:Calcoradish sample text (Lord's prayer).jpg|500px]]

*Latin transcription
:Chém e starden

:Vem stár, edur sór agøis sym naeth; a yidur.
:Yidur dræs vem sǿdur e zøch vendur ǿl nabel.
:Yidur dræs vem volnadúr ol zøch vendur adenǽl.
:Yidur dræs vem lygor e zøch vendur nagǿl aver laghne, den andur aver naeth.
:Zøch fegois e odetol vem yidur codurnedem.
:Zøch adegois e cǽge edur yidur modelaer e chter, corem edur yidur adegedoer vem modenódel e agor yidur.
:Zøch dois gorendrǽl e yidur, em decæis yidur gór modhem.
:Volnadúr em voldor em graneth tordýr e zøch triondor.
:Amen.

==[[Labwese]]==
:Getuz-sovex'Vatu pwo njebex,
:getuz-detu'imje sanktifikate;
:riz-detu'Krolete xri sovex;
:faz-detu'Vile pwo zemlje kil pwo njebe.
:Siwodnja daz-detu sovex'xlote;
:e prastjez-detu sovex'deptex,
:kil prastjez-sovex sovex'deptekex;
:njok perlimjez-detu folz pwo temptatje,
:e rifekez-detu takuj ploxje.
:Amen.

==[[Mentolatian]]==
:zan paher, qua-dauv fí-jeuwof dauv og-quarmenom:
:our father, TOP.you, in the heavens you (be-)where

:nin-fêtyom quesam omfi-secchyom, perem fí-jeuwof i-dvan,
:down-gaze and about-look, from in heavens your,

:arjjaguz quesam cuscuw, dauv:
:blessed and lovely, you

:qua-varam pahera i-zan qua-dauv siyymnom quesam le-nes dauv khoelyos:
:TOP.truth father of us indeed you are and ACC.us you make.whole

:qua-náman i-dvan, yisam he arjjagmenem:
:TOP.name your, that-in.particular it (is) blessed

:qua-reget i-dvan, yisam he nin-wanmnem:
:TOP.realm your, that-in.particular it down-come

:qua-wallwan i-dvan, yisam he tintenmnem:
:TOP.will your, that-in.partic it be beautifully done

:nô ôg-jájomd og-qua-jwí-nô:
:as loc.Gea loc.TOP.Heavens as

:qua-sómat i-zan, cabyôm dauv le-he on-nes yiyi og-yi-sunnu:
:TOP.bread.for.the.day of us, give you ACC.it DAT.us that LOC.this.sun/day

:qua-erufezzí i-zan, nô suwatyôm dauv qua-nes, hessam nes suwatyos nô:
:TOP.sins of-us, as wash.clean you TOP.us, them we wash.clean as

:n-dlatem sem le-nes on-piscamat dauv:
:NEG.put NEG ACC.us DAT.trial you

:rats dlatem le-budem de-yi-tartar:
:quicker send ACC.evil to-that-yonder (away)

:n-wanmnem sem og-nes sem nenfâs.
:NEG.come NEG among-us no evil-doing

==[[Roguel]]==
[[File:Pater-noster-roguel.PNG]]
:Andon burcuetnya sigie burcuteget:
:Ronetlinete Attokorutyo,
:ansiradiyabek ec'ungut,
:onabek t'amanextangut,
:hanyiptabek lhardagut,
:ronde hanodeder.
:Unarihat pankorutit pirkoruma.
:Avelkorutna ripna,
:avelkepkorutna ripnakder.
:Pesadey dumirkorimat merey ik'adibikare.
:Guene t'amanextanek, hurotek, yomonek, kolganalnuk.
:Amen.

==[[Urban Basanawa]]==
Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食与うﾟと我等す今日
: 又ん赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えわ゜と我等之負者
: 又ん無率ど我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, geve to us fondag
: en fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergevet ur beshulders
: en ne leed us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho:p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho:p dai 'kiŋdəm 'ko:m/
: /'ho:p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik in hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho:p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:vət ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en ne 'li:t us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/
Note:
# the short vowels /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/ are frequently pronunced as [ɛ], [ɪ], [ɔ], [ʊ] respectively; the long vowel /a:/ is frequently pronunced as [ɑ:]
# the vowel in the suffix -dom(as in the word "kingdom") can be /o/ or /ə/.
# /ŋ/ is frequently pronunced as [ŋk] in syllable-final position, but this only applies to words of Germanic Origin.

==Koulesch==
: Fater Unser, der is ime himmel
: Geheiligt werde dain name
: dain raich kome
: dain wille gescheh
: auf erden wie ime himmel
: gib uns heyt unser tagliches brout
: und erlou unsere schulde
: wie wir erloun unsere schuldiger
: und fyyre uns nicht in fersuuchung
: aber befrai uns fomme ybel
: Amen

Pronunciation:
: /'fɑ:tər ʊnsər dɛr ɪs ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /g'he:lɪkt 'ʋɛrdə daɪn 'nɑ:mə/
: /daɪn 'raɪx 'ko:mə/
: /daɪn 'ʋɪl:ə g'ʃe:/
: /auf 'ɛrdən ʋi: ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /'gɪp ʊns 'hɛɪt ʊnsərə 'tɑ:klɪxəs 'bro:t/
: /ʊnt ər'lo: ʊnsərə 'ʃʊldə/
: /ʋi: ʋɪr ər'lo:n ʊnsərə 'ʃʊldɪgər/
: /ʊnt 'fi:rə ʊns nɪxt ɪn fər'su:xʊŋ/
: /abər b'fraɪ ʊns fomə 'i:bəl/
: /ɑ:mən/
Note:
# in Koulesch, /x/ is never pronunced as the voiceless palatal fricative [ç], even before or after front vowels.
# the copula "is" is also sometimes written as "ist", but the form "ist" is considered archaic or dialectical.

==Senjecas==
*9b: ɱúm cemenőm éna tąta̋: tu-fę̋to sa̋kaþo ı̋lo
:1-STA.SG | heaven-STA.PL | in | father-VOC.SG | your=name-NOM.SG | holy-IND-PPTCP-NOM.SG | become-SBJV
*10: tu-ręᵹta̋iɱa ǧe̋mo: tu-tőla kı̋aþa ı̋lo épa cemenőmk̬e v̌ętősk̬' éna
:your=kingdom-NOM.SG | come-SBJV | your=will-NOM.SG | do-IND-PPTCP-NOM.SG | become-SBJV | as | heaven-STA.PL-and | earth-STA.SG-and-ELIS | in
*11: ɱúm o sáhvi ɱúm sa̋ho k̬a̋zom dǫ̋e
:1-STA.PL | to this-day-ADV | 1-STA.PL | this-day | bread-MOT.SG | give-IMP
*12: ɱúm vų̋mon ɱum dų̋re épa ɱus ɱúm vų̋mlun dų̋ra
:1-STA.PL | debt-MOT.PL | 1-MOT.PL | debtor-MOT.PL | forgive-IND | as | 1-NOM.PL | 1-STA.PL | debtor-MOT.PL | forgive-IND
*13: xę̋lam | éna | ɱun | de̋uke | mę | þǫ́si | łąxta̋s | ápa | ɱun | še̋ve
: temptation-MOT.SG in 1-MOT.PL lead-IMP not but evil-STA.SG from 1-MOT.PL free-IMP
*hi | ręᵹta̋iɱak̬e | ɱa̋kak̬e | ṁa̋gok̬e | tús | o | še̋ðtam | éna | e̋sa
:for | kingdom-NOM.SG-and | power-NOM.SG-and | glory-NOM.SG-and | eternity | into | be-IND

=Alternative Writing System=
==[[Tower Orthography|Tawyr Oorthaagryfii]]==
*Erlii Maadyrn Ingglic (1662 BCP)
:Aur Fadhyr, witc art in Hevyn,
:Halood bii dhai Neem.
:Dhai Kingdym cym.
:Dhai wil bii dyn,
:in erth az it iz in Hevyn.
:Giv ys dhis dee aur deelii bred.
:And foorgiv ys aur trespasiz,
:Az wii foorgiv dhem dhat trespas ygenst ys.
:And liid ys naat intuu tempteetcyn;
:Byt dylivyr ys frym iivil.
:[Foor dhain iz dhy kingdym, dhy pawyr, and dhy gloorii,
:Foor ever and ever.] Amen.

==Mënk==
By [[User:Sam_s89|Sam_s89]]

*An alternative writing system for a Mancunian conlang, still in the early stages of development.
:Ë të-afse,
:Wah bÿ n Elÿsÿum,
:Fntastk bÿ je næm.
:Je tym kum
:Je wanh bÿ tun
:N ve Näf n Elÿsÿum.
:Gf wÿ ttæ ë clep
:N fegyf ë prÿfjus
:N wÿ ulfegyf veh wah prÿfjus wÿ
:N tunt sent wÿ nefe temcun
:But tlyfe wÿ frm ÿfyl
:[Fe Elÿsÿum, ve pë n glary bÿ ja, në n frefe]
:Ëmn

==[['Ingglish|Íngglish]]==
By [[User:Personak|personak]].

*King Dgeimzs Vurczén (King James Version)
:Aur fáadhur,
:Which aart in héeven,
:Háaloud bii dhai neim.
:Dhai kíngdem kuom,
:Dhai wil bii duon on Urth,
:Azs it izs in héeven.
:Giv uos dhis dei aur déiliy breed.
:And fourgív uos aur deets,
:As wii fourgív aur déeterzs.
:And liid uos not íntuu teemptéicsen,
:Buot delíver uos fruom íivel:
:Four dhain izs dhe kíngdem, and dhe páuwer, and dhe glóuriy, fouréver.
:Éimeen.

[[Category:Texts]]

Our Father

2015-05-14T19:47:49Z

K1234567890y: /* Urban Basanawa */

'''Our Father''', also known as the '''Lord's Prayer''', is a widely-known prayer of Christianity. It is used by linguists and conlangers for comparing the differences between languages. In many cases it is also called the '''Pater Noster''' because of the widespread use of Latin in the Church. There are even [[Runes|Runic]] inscriptions in Latin along the lines of "say a Pater Noster for so-and-so's soul."

=Natlangs=
==[[Romance Languages]]==
===Latin===
:Pater noster, qui es in caelis:
:sanctificetur Nomen Tuum;
:adveniat Regnum Tuum;
:fiat voluntas Tua,
:sicut in caelo, et in terra.
:Panem nostrum cotidianum da nobis hodie;
:et dimitte nobis debita nostra,
:Sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris;
:et ne nos inducas in tentationem;
:sed libera nos a Malo.

===[[Spanish]]===
:Padre nuestro, que estás en los cielos,
:santificado sea tu Nombre;
:venga tu Reino;
:hágase tu Voluntad,
:así en la tierra como en el cielo.
:Nuestro pan cotidiano dánosle hoy;
:y perdónanos nuestras deudas,
:así como nosotros hemos perdonado a nuestros deudores;
:no nos dejes caer en tentación,
:mas líbranos del mal.
:Amén.

==[[Germanic languages]]==
===[[High German]]===
:Vater Unser im Himmel,
:Geheiligt werde Dein Name,
:Dein Reich komme.
:Dein Wille geschehe,
:Wie im Himmel, so auf Erden.
:Unser tägliches Brot gib uns heute,
:Und vergib uns unsere Schuld,
:Wie auch wir vergeben unseren Schuldigern.
:Und führe uns nicht in Versuchung,
:Sondern erlöse uns von dem Bösen.
:Denn Dein ist das Reich und die Kraft
:und die Herrlichkeit, in Ewigkeit.
:Amen.

===[[Dutch]]===
:Onze Vader,
:die in de hemelen zijt,
:geheiligd zij Uw naam.
:Uw rijk kome,
:Uw wil geschiede op aarde als in de hemel.
:Geef ons heden ons dagelijks brood,
:en vergeef ons onze schulden,
:gelijk ook wij vergeven aan onze schuldenaren.
:En leid ons niet in bekoring,
:maar verlos ons van het kwade.

===[[Modern English]] ELLC (1988)===
:Our Father in heaven,
:hallowed be your name,
:your kingdom come,
:your will be done,
:on earth as in heaven.
:Give us today our daily bread.
:Forgive us our sins
:as we forgive those who sin against us.
:Save us from the time of trial
:and deliver us from evil.
:[For the kingdom, the power, and the glory are yours
:now and for ever. Amen.]

===[[Early Modern English]] (1662 BCP)===
:Our Father, which art in Heaven,
:Hallowed be thy Name.
:Thy Kingdom come.
:Thy will be done,
:in earth as it is in Heaven.
:Give us this day our daily bread.
:And forgive us our trespasses,
:As we forgive them that trespass against us.
:And lead us not into temptation;
:But deliver us from evil.
:[For thine is the kingdom, The power, and the glory,
:For ever and ever.] Amen.

===[[Middle English]]===
:Fader ure ðatt art in hevene blisse,
:Ðin hege name itt wurðe bliscedd,
:Cumen itt mote ði kingdom,
:Ðin hali wil it be al don,
:In heven and in erðe all so,
:So itt sall ben ful wel ic to;
:Gif us alle one ðis dai,
:Ure bred of iche dai,
:And forgive us ure sinne,
:Als we don ure wiðerwinnes:
:Leet us noct in fondlinge fall,
:Ooc fro ivel ðu sild us alle. Amen.

===[[Anglo-Saxon]]===
:Fæder ūre, þū eart on heofonum:
:sī þīn nama ȝehāȝlod.
:Tōbecume þīn rīce.
:Ȝeƿeorþe þīn ƿilla
:on eorþan sƿāsƿā on heofonum.
:Ūre dæȝhƿāmlican hlāf sielle ūs tō dæȝe.
:And forȝief ūs ūre ȝyltas
:sƿāsƿā ƿē forȝiefaþ ūrum ȝyltendem.
:And ne ȝelǣd þū on costnunȝe,
:ac ālīes ūs of yfele.

===[[Norwegian]]===
:Fader vår, du som er i himmelen!
:Helliget vorde ditt navn;
:komme ditt rike;
:skje din vilje,
:som i himmelen, så og på jorden;
:gi oss idag vårt daglige brød;
:og forlat oss vår skyld,
:som vi og forlater våre skyldnere;
:og led oss ikke inn i fristelse;
:men fri oss fra det onde.
:For riket er ditt,
:og makten og æren i evighet.
:Amen.

==[[Celtic Languages]]==

===[[Proto-Gallo-Brythonic]]===
:Asron atīr, esti·i̯o eni nemesi,
:noibos buu̯et tou anu̯an,
:ro·to·aχsāt tou rīgi̯on
:u̯reχtus tou au̯illos
:u̯or talamoni samalī eni nemesi.
:Asron baragon petidīi̯ācon dā snūs sindīu̯on.
:Matu̯ī snūs asron dligetā,
:samalī i̯on matu̯imos asron dligeti̯obo,
:ne·c snīs wede dū u̯osagitē,
:eχtos snīs dīlunge au u̯allū.
:Amen.

=Conlangs=

Feel free to add Lord's prayer in your conlangs' version here.

==[[Aingeljã]]==
Nou Pare, qwe ets nou cell, 
qwe santificat eh vou nome, 
qwe vene a nos vou reixĩ. 
Qwe eh façata va voluntà, 
tant na terra com nou cell. 
Donat-nus hogge nou pã qwotiggãn 
e pardonat-nus nas ofensas, 
com tantbain nos pardonèms qwĩns ofensen-nus. 
E nõ deixat-nus cadre na tentazõn 
e lluwerat-nus dou Mal. 
Amain. 

==[[Altherkin Itak]]==
[[File:Our_Father_-_Altherkin_Itak_-_Script_4.JPG]]

:Jia'meh Abbous Jeon'yajeo naebu de, namaewae Yi beilahjeon ang de.
:Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi beilah.
:Jikan fotei, dei'fover Yi werben no Jeo e'ea Jeon'yajeo naebu.
:Deikan ima e'ea deikan'mej, lat warei kae'a jia'meh nimo.
:Luswerzya luswer jia'meh paliya. Warei ahsu luswer luswerzya dei'fover nyan.
:Yi beilah nei warei jianxi werben dili, da'a'te Yi warei proteto detei luswer paliya.
:(Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi ang de, ta Jeonji, e'ea ta pa'a'me, por jikan fotei mej.)
:Ohmaen

:Our Father Heaven inside is, name you holy it is.
:Land of God your exist.
:Time future, intent you act of Earth and Heaven inside.
:Today and every day, To us bread our give.
:Forget sins our please. We their sin forget intend also.
:You "To be" no us cause "to act" bad, but you us protect from sin please.
:(Land of God yours it is, The divine power, and the glory, for time future all.)
:Amen

[http://www.facebook.com/v/2682096943833 Hear it read by Motonjia (external Link)]

==[[Arkhæn | Arkhæn]]==
A Prayer to The Psynecerion, a polytheistic "Lord's Prayer" equivalent in the religion of Kareigăn-Hæx religion.

=== Modern Arkhæn Alkavăht Script ===
[[File:Arkhaen_Lordprayer.PNG]]

=== Romanized: ===
:Keir præhăm mhe jzakar Yfikt Sehri,
:Hoth amăn khăma taiku Hæx, ara Gaateni
:Keir amăn ir ăndrgaaten, keir flær dhe vari, mhe garăm deru cogan dhe miyar kædi
:Mhe kariar ăz i ăn ara zeidu joirk ak mhe mujes jzakar haqeinan dhe hjaani
:Măhdi keir suod zăn hoth adr, măhdi keir anămi zăn hoth adr,
:Mhe ghejz haqeinan zuk i ăn ăhsl dyhijoi
:Măhdi hoth gaate qajoi dyhijoi mhe mujes jzakar kanrqeinăn avarkhe
:Măhdi ăhsl mhe takad kăhkănen dhe jzakar ræhi dhe hjaani ak dhe jzakr Kareigăn-Hæx.
:Aze Takădi!

=== Translation: ===
:We pray to the Perfect Ones,
:They who came from Six, our creators
:We who are subservient, we ask of them, to lend us some of their strength
:To carry on our daily tasks and to keep the balance of nature
:May we live as they do, may we die as they do, to bring balance upon all worlds
:May they create more worlds to drive the imbalance away.
:May all to be enlightened of the ways of nature and of the Original Six.
:Aze Takadi! (both a greeting gesture as well as a sort of "amen")

==[[The World|Avantimanisc]]==
:Oure fadêr that be yn heuenerihhe;
:sende ye-hallawet thin namô;
:cwem te thin rihhdomaz;
:sende thin wellez ye-dôn swo yn medwaralde swo yn heuenam;
:yef ôs on te daye oure ĳelckday susteynavant;
:ande ôs foryef oure detes,
:swo we foryef te oure detendam;
:ande ne lîth ôs nouwt te thon castynge,
:but framward-ôs-lôs fram euele.

==Esperanto==
:Patro nia, kiu estas en la ĉielo,
:sanktigata estu Via nomo.
:Venu Via regno.
:Fariĝu Via volo,
:kiel en la ĉielo, tiel ankaŭ sur la tero.
:Nian panon ĉiutagan donu al ni hodiaŭ.
:Kaj pardonu al ni niajn ŝuldojn,
:kiel ankaŭ ni pardonas al niaj ŝuldantoj.
:Kaj ne konduku nin en tenton,
:sed liberigu nin de la malbono.
:(Ĉar Via estas la regno kaj la potenco
:kaj la gloro eterne.)
:Amen.

==[[Háfrig]]==
:Kes Etâr, qwin il eskáleo ri,
:genomentuz i missild,
:offimmoz i tis agenir,
:geroz i tis élekk,
:léda l-eskálio, śo l-edzúroro si.
:Forventikál vekánandum dontiz káj píl,
:et offűliz i bêtgánandu,
:léda ke s’ offűlam i h-inóvand bêtdífendo.
:E gin véliz kum kojsitána,
:ak gemojgiriz i vultími.
:(Dé tis i h-agenir, i forrel e l-iskür forvenâk.)
:Roz ö-gen.

==Lojban==
:doi cevrirni.iu noi zvati le do cevzda do'u fu'e .aicai .e'ecai lo do cmene ru'i censa
:.i le do nobli turni be la ter. ku se cfari
:.i loi do se djica ba snada mulno vi'e le cevzda .e .a'o la ter.
:.i fu'e .e'o ko dunda ca le cabdei le ri nanba mi'a
:.i ko fraxu mi loi ri zu'o palci
:.ijo mi fraxu roda poi pacyzu'e xrani mi
:.i ko lidne mi fa'anai loi pacyxlu
:.i ko sepri'a mi loi palci
:.i .uicai ni'i loi se turni .e loi vlipa .e loi mi'orselsi'a cu me le do romei
:fa'o

==[[Anoé]]==

:,nul-((fuuilat-en-ia)-él-éltil)

:efma-en-ve fi-atfalit tléé

:((tintom-en-ve fi-ulaat tléé

:uuifó-en-ve fó-én-aé)

:an-(Earth)-fn-(al-ló-él-éltil)).

:,ve ie-aile-ufuium li-aten-óf-(ailu)-at-ia.

:,ve felien-en-ia éliuón-at-ia

:nif-(ia én-(laéen ia feliu) éliuón-at-al.

:,ve ia erian-ól-(ésélit-en-uilien)

:tléé ve ia erian-sééld.

:(fan ól-tintom tlé ól-élein tlé ól-aliaten (al-en-ve al

:ló-(et-tlé-néf)). ,fti-ló.)

==Classical Longrimol==
{{seealso|Longrimol}} by [[User:Longrim|Longrim]]

:Adhorom nedhúrer
:airalichy raivog
:therdhäil darandorog
:dhánäilichy malfog
:márchan nedhúrer
:gweltheljbantho-m'il
:jaldhtharvo-m'il
:oi thärvim mênjäldhim
:dhulro-m'il glastainúlong
:dhulro-m'il gruidhong.

:[find i dharandr-og cambadh-og asdago-og cwildhríl. Emín.]

==Classical Arithide==
{{seealso|Classical Arithide}} by [[User:Denihilonihil|Eugene]]
{{seealso|Arithide Sample Text Corpus}}

{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" width="66%"
|-
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Classical Arithide
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Late Classical Arithide
|-
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rignā, zōon saluminnum, histamosit illos ays. Egēra lisgas ays. Reskerosit deiros ays, halagum saluminnumena. Rignor emereto haror omer krerērō, a kansārērō irige syndrē, rīgisae syndirēnēs kansārena. On rege avgērērō thiftiae, nege rege magārērō vokirōn. Amen.
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rikin, saluminnum hero, histamesit illos ayn. Egura lisgas ayn. Reskeresit deiros ayn, halaginnum saluminnumena. Rikin emnatir haro omnat kreruras, nam kansaruras rīkae syndrē, rikisyndoris syndirēnēs kansariena. On riko avlataguras orgrei, nege riko magāruras vokyrōn. Amen.
|}

==Ellesklavan==
{{seealso|Ellesklavan}}

:vidrömü, ci eu en éfni,
:aolé eu tli nömü.
:tli řoyamü viyen.
:tli sřay eu fazi,
:en teřya é ža eu en éfni.
:dono no sé širu pasirana kotined.
:éti frocefi no trégepaseniran,
:kön no frocefi elehli ci trégepaseni kontri no.
:éti neu kleřtni pa no ostü betnosü;
:mé délifeř no dé džharag.
:(porceu lešé eu lé řoyamü, lé pufovřir, éti lé kloriyen,
:por tu éti tu) amné.

== Teeverb Kuluxem ==
{{seealso|Teeverb Kuluxem}}

Teeverb Kuluxem:

:Tuchomat Kulonar:
:Padre keeyuhn infadia, uba' nio shuuran,
:Tunatma kuyuhn echa' tubonflaken.
:Yaco-ubhiemna tukinglak kunoi tuyumya,
:Shem yaco-ubfin tupaj kunoi,
:Nio shutereen sima nio shuuran.
:Pal-ubofero tukwam kudiama kuval alt sheeyuhn;
:Shem pal-ubforglan teeyuhn sima okforglan teeotheeno;
:Vo pal-ubleedha teeyuhn alt shutemapta,
:Kief pal-ubforma okvan vaeem shupekitat;
:Tukinglak shem tufuertlas shem tuglameeka eshadda kunoi.
:Amen

Translation:

:The prayer of the Lord:
:The Father of Ours, who is in Heaven,
:Your name is great.
:Bring your kingdom here,
:And accomplish your plan,
:On Earth the same as in Heaven.
:Give us the food of this day;
:Forgive us the same as we forgive others;
:Do not lead us to temptation,
:But force us to go away from evil;
:The glory, the power and the glory are your's.
:Amen

==Thorsutian==
{{seealso|Thorsutian}}

:Man baset, cus ёd nё parasje,
:ёsmardzsёn ёdur xjen zavke.
:Xjen mёbraţje rikas.
:Xjen zsёdu çozid,
:ёn toke siç ёd tho parasjud.
:Jat maţu ked ord man vorje bucje.
:E ţalis maţu man funёbartiv,
:siç maţ ţalёmi çadёk cus funёbart kurda maţu
:E pron maţu nok tho ёnarzsud,
:pas shonah maţu el necud,
:(ţa xjen ёl mёbraţi, uuzs, e strirren,
:ţa dadarma e dadarma.)
:Amen

==Tauro-Piscean==
{{seealso|Tauro-Piscean language}}

:Tet Fedä ëleêses, wa zï in Heofonem,
:¡Letan tet Namen janes clenê bean!
:Tet Kïnedom janes kum.
:¡Letan tet Willê janes dodê bean,
:Et Eëtenem tonnê in Heofonem!
:¡Jefan ëleêsen tode tet jedewamliken Bräden!
:¡And fëjefan ëleêsen te Jïêlten,
:Tonnê ëleês fëjef kvinem, dass makê Jïêlten!
:¡And ledan ëleêsen nat in Kostnungen,
:Ak beëjan ëleêsan fram Ïfeêlem!
:[Tï janes zï tet Kïnedom, tet Mït and tet Wöldë,
:To efä nes efä.] Sotlikê.

It is worth noting that the Tauro-Piscean language evolved into the (New) West Germanic language below.

==West Germanic==
{{seealso|West Germanic language}}

:Uɍę Ąldoɍ, tu tąt is in ħjovonųm,
:Si tin namę halaɉ.
:Kumę tin riŧę,
:Maŧiǫn tin wįleǫn up eɍdųm ék swa in ħjovonųm.
:Uɍę daɉliŧ lafǫn gįvǫn us todaɉ,
:ǫnd foɍgįvǫn us uɍę ſųldzǫn ék swa we foɍgįf uɍę ſųldaɉǫn.
:Ǫnd faɍǫn tu ųn in ħjan kǫstnųnðǫn, ak luzǫn ųn uvęlęnę.
:[Ųmbętąt tin is tąt riŧę, tąt miħt ǫnd tąt wųldoɍ,
:ąvɍweɍd eŧę.]
:Sodliŧę.

==Vityng by [[User:Schlaier|Schlaier]]==
{{seealso|Vityng}}
{{seealso|Vityng our Father}}

:fæðirr óssa, hvem ar i himinn
:nama þinn ver hǽlge
:kónungrikk þinn ver gaður
:øskja þinn ver skaftur
:an eorð og sva i himinn.
:ǿssi gefar dægglykur brǿð óssa, þessa dagg.
:og synni óssa grætar óss
:sva varr grætum þætt ƕað skap synni an ǿssi
:i nǿðen lǽðarna óss
:og fram yfil takar óss.
:sænnlykur.

==Nytal==
{{seealso|Nytal}}
{{seealso|Nytal biblical texts}}

:Babu ni la, ki ad’jo ju ojl 
:Ni la a’šijnt noym Ok 
:Nori sliknost Ok 
:Ni la a’nut ehoj Ok 
:Iknijt ju ojl, Iknijt sjep bajus vsi 
:Ole tyahri er ni la ejs ni la 
:A vlup er ni la le finans ni la 
:Iknijt gek ni la a’vlup er le mefinanser ni la 
:A ta nenijt ni la ka medoljem 
:U vrij ni la de olim 
::Amen

==Lánc==
{{seealso|Lánc}}

:Vojun nát, eráv bálot
:Townon úk svútutolas
:Townon krišpót atja
:Townon šalja toljas
:Džú bálot džu pánot
:Lakfadžo vojay vojunon banfadžáro bágwo kál
:Ši vojay vojunyojon plačoy gwalč
:Džu vój vojunyajon plajačanay mijo gwalčen
:Ši vojo onás gorávtjámás ét majv
:Ýbo vojo ód ono gráwno nálutol.
:Amen

==[[Leet_Speak|L337 5q34Ҟ]]==

:0ύЯ ph4th3r N ん3\/N,
:L33+ 1z ur N￥m,
:ur Ӄ1n6|)0mz h3Я3 nao,
:u 90んん4 cl00 vv47 u w4んん4 cl00,
:0n 34r+ん L13k n ん3\/N.
:L37z 34+ 2d4y l13k d4 07hЯ d31,
:461v h0w3r fragz & pks plz,
:& wii vv1LL 461v3 d4 w0nz dat phr4993d u5.
:$4v3 uz phr0m d4 fl00d,
:& 41$0 phr0m d4 L337 3v!|_.
:4ym3んz.

==Lišěč==
{{seealso|Lišěč}}
{|
|
:<center>'''''Latin alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Fial Ipa, ktõr õłokotë tajväka
:sanktakammë leel nimien
:mënnajast leel küningrik
:tĕdaekemmë leel vylen
:śo tajväka, śo mälmake
:đnes antajatë fiam đnesmasen lĕjpäen
:õnt fergepejetë fial velkĕnesen
:śo fi fergepekemmë fial velketelnesem
:õnt ĕłi oğiatojotë ferśukedenë
:õnt svobõdojotë fian pakadaţë
:Amen
||
:<center>'''''Cyrillic alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Фиал Ипа, ктõр õљокотё тайвäка
:санктакаммё леел нимиен
:мённайаст леел кÿнингрик
:тĕдаекеммё леел вылен
:зо тайвäка, зо мäлмаке
:ћнес антайатё фиам ћнесмасен лĕйпäен
:õнт фергепейетё фиал велкĕнесен
:зо фи фергепекеммё фиал велкетелнесем
:õнт ĕљи ођиатойотё ферзукеденё
:õнт свобõдойотё фиан пакадаθё
:Амен
|}

==Keβag==
{{seealso|Keβag}}

:Fät man, lë beş ë pöt taɸ ë nheμet'
:lo seintsat ë seɸot'u ðo
:qeşa e dewönhoxul ðo
:ër sat'a ë pełäk do
:aże taɸ ë nheμet', aże taɸ ë nhujm'
:ovinë manheşë ekys ë nałecu ekyşoru μan
:cë danosë en μyg μan
:lo danos aże en μyɣocuv μan
:cë μë phonë manhëm taɸ ë rhejżaxaş
:aca püksatё manhëm renh e-ekwaň.
:Amen

==Teycil==
{{seealso|Teycil}}
:Paycil, jsomnajs hœjcoir væ
:zulev jsuveno lea
:ga ayro bolmadanev
:malev nā lea
:jsomnajs me ehrenajs
:moljga luie molojzunour mujxel ga beih
:me jqœnūl ga gjrebeih
:polajs-ajga jqœnosæcūl gjrebō lea
:me pîrojgīne xo le ga doikot vā
:tu jræsīne jcon le ga jzineih vā
:Amēn

==Nician==
{{seealso|Nician}}

:'''Il nost pat'''

:Il nost pat, chi ses nis ceis,
:Saintifcat sie’l tu nom.
:Venì’l tu regn.
:Se face la tue volontat,
:Nis ceis com sope la terre.
:Oz dànos il nost pan cottizan.
:E dimìttenos is nosts dèvits,
:Com ezze nos dimittius ais nosts devitoes.
:E n’indùcenos in teumtazion,
:Veò lìveanos da male.

==Brithenig==

:Nustr Padr, ke sia i llo chel,
:sia senghid tew nôn,
:gwein tew rheon,
:sia ffaeth tew wolont,
:syrs lla der sig i llo chel.
:Dun nustr pan diwrnal a nu h-eidd;
:e pharddun llo nustr phechad a nu,
:si nu pharddunan llo nustr phechad.
:E salw nu di'll temp di drial,
:mai llifr nu di'll mal.
:Per ill rheon, ill cofaeth e lla leir es ill tew, per segl e segl.

==Kerno==

:a Phazeoir Nusteor que bias 'n y ceues;
:foreth noef il tew nom;
:gouenyes il tew camouils;
:foreth fès la teva gouoluntáts
:en lâ derra cuomo 'ny ceues;
:danos-el osdia le nusteor panèn cuotidièn;
:dimeti y nusteor dheuz
:cuomo dimitemus ai nusteor dheutoeres;
:et ne nus attrayer rhen al tentación,
:mays eliveránus des val.

==Old High Jermench==

:fatzar nôstar cî es in câlîs
:seiaz cunsantzîts noum twou
:wienaz rin twou
:seiaz cundahtûts wuontzats twâ
:siht in câl ah in zerra
:fân nôstar côsitân ta nous houd
:ez ferdouna nous ôdsa nôstra
:siht ez nus ferdounams ôdintîs nôstrîs
:ez nei nus intûtzas in zinhôn
:mâhs liura nus tei mâl

==Talarian==

:elemtilenopâtar
:sánctyata tawas xonomar-ca-he
:wewóytâ hanirfanar-ca-he
:pepelewórkâ tawas walar-ca-he
:hostanuššexomani-han-he
:elemtileno-han-he
:tatâhyata-me tâlcoteyel támtar-ca-he
:ffaffalyata-me mesas taipallanar-ca-he
:ffalmá cam taipallanar-ca-he
:anhaharxanyata-me çalarswwalana-ca-he
:roromyata-me tusar-te-he. Omen.

:Heavenly Father
:and blessed-be thy name
:and realised-be spiritual-Rest
:and fullydone-be thy will
:and Middle-World-in-the
:and Heavens-in-the
:and give us each-day godly-gift-the
:and wash us our spiritual-separation
:and we wash their spiritual-separation
:and burden-not us heavenly-adjudication-by
:and guide us evil-out-from

==LΙΝҀΟΥΑ LΟΥϹΑΡ / Loucarian==

:ΝЄΜЄΤ ϚΟϚΠЄІΤΟ ΠѠΔΙϹ ῙϹ ϹΑΤΑ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ : ЄΤΤΙ ΠЄJЄΤΟ ῙϹ:
:ЄΝΑΜϜЄΡϜЄΡ ΤΙΜ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ ϹΟΥΔЄΙЄΡЄ ΙϹΑ:
:ΑΒΒΑ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЄΝ ϚΑΜΑΥΑΝΑΜ ΝΑ
:ϘЄΔΔЄϹ ΑL ΝΟΜΟΝ ΔΙ ΤΙΜЄΤ
:ϚѠΠΠЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΟΥΜΜЄΝ ΔΙ ΤΙ ΠѠΔЄϘϹ ΦЄϹΤΙΝΑΜ
:ΟΥΤΤΑΤΟ ϜΑΔ ΑL ΑLΦΑϹ ΔΙ ΤΙ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΤΙΡ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΠΑΡΑΔЄΙϚΙΑΜ
:ϹϜЄΡϹΑΡЄ ΤΙ ΑΔΙϹ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЮΤΙΜ ΑL ΠΟΥΝΤΙΜ ϹΑϚϹΟΥΜНΝЄϹ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ
:ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΑL ΙϹΑΙϹΑ ΝΟΒΟΝ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ϘΟΥЄΜ ΝΑϹ ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΑΜΑΔЄΡΑΜ ΔΙ ΝЄϚϚЄΡ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔΟΥϹЄΡЄ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔΙϹ ΠЄΙΡΑϚΜΟΜ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔН ϹѠΙΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔ ΙΝJΟΥΔΙϚϚΙΑΜ. ѨΜΙΝ.

:They ask to Jesus concerning to pray; and said Jesus:
:Whenever you pray say this:
:Father of us in-heaven-in
:holy the name of you
:become the heavenly-realm of you with fast
:go done the will of you as in the earth as in the paradise
:give you towards us today the bread of-everyday of us
:wipe-away you the this-here sin of us as we wipe-away the sinship of them
:do-not lead us towards temptation
:do-not but put you us to trial. amen.

==(Modern) Ialacian==

:Yamono Fadatheudeur inmiso hedeveudeun,
:leteyim no nekem bi aneurshta.
:Leteyim no kidingdeudeum kam,
:leteyim kiena waonteyim fu hapeun bi dushta
:onmiso eukeurtheu asoru biya dushta inmiso hedeveudeun.
:Giveyim pamo tisoneun yamono neunlimiso beurekedeu.
:Forgiveyim pamo aru yamono sikinsi
:jesteumiso asoru haveyamo alsorumiso forgiveushta taseto kien sin agensteumiso pamo.
:Kipeyim pamo feurommiso faollinggeu intumiso sikin kienu biyamo tempeushta.
:Seiveyim pamo feurommiso lo iveulmung in;
:foru lo kidingdeudeum, lo padauweudeur, toru lo geulodoridi bi yimno, forueveurmiso. Amen.

==(Modern) Avelian==

:Camo no Fadatheudeur inmiseot hedeveudeun,
:cim letnida no netem bimnida-aneurnidayo.
:Cim letnida no kidingdeudeum kamao,
:cim letnida kimnat weontnida hapeunao bimnida-dumnidayo
:onmiseot euteurtheu cometeo ca bimnida-dumnidayo inmiseot hedeveudeun.
:Cim givnida camo koretien camo no tienlimiseot beureted.
:Cim forgivnida camo ateo camo no sitin
:jestmiseot cometeo camo alsuteomiseot forgivnijiyo il kim sinnida agenstmiseot camo.
:Cim kipnida camo feurommiseot feolshao intumiseot sitin kimnut camo bimnida-tempnidayo.
:Cim seivnida camo feurommiseot iveulmang il;
:feteo kidingdeudeum, padauweudeur, kuteo geulodoridi biseo cim no, kuteoeveurmiseot. Emen.

==Bu'ochia==

:Njosto padrón, kia asta an chiellium
:Chea sjen nom asta sancituri
:Chea sjen raliam venvi
:Chea sjen volosón asta naochi
:Ser terrum sem ser chiellium
:Dunnavi-noasta azi njosto pani je chachi uro
:Pardanvi njostosi ovenchuvati
:Ser noasta pardunomós achi ere ellum kia noasta uvos ovensuvasa
:Lel nen noasta inducha teminotium
:Masi leberani noasta ochje malum.
:Aminan

==[[Nyenglisk]]==

:Ár faður ín hevinað,
:Halóað er þín nam,
:þín kingdom kome,
:þín vil er makað,
:on erðað as ín hevinað.
:Give víð tilda ár dali bred.
:Forgive víð, ár sina
:As ví forgive þata, som sin eje víð
:Save ví fro tímiðum af trialað
:o delive ví fro ývilað
:[For kingdomiðum, páeriðum, o glóríðum er þíns ná o for evur. Amen.]

==[[Solaric]]==

:Fòrr ewo nhebn,
:neem Yöö yehöle,
:rüü Yöö yesiwoikèm
:weu Yöö yesiwoigeedü
:nadwol loi nhebn.
:yügevusye daalebreed ewo tadee.
:Yüfgevus eemyesen ewo,
:loi wifgevem daa deesen ngeets us.
:Yüseevys frè jentaam,
:an yübrengus frè ivu.
:[Kèz ödrüü, edpawo, 'n odgloi deeyööz
:nyo 'n freve. Amen.]

==Intrekómi==
:Món Pápa ínno ávno,
:ton nomí es holíninó,
:ton ressilénto komí,
:Te hi esóno finí,
:ono l’Érti se ínno ávno.
:Áttū ma’ món díni bréto sedí.
:Forgívū món sína per mas
:se ma forgíva la pópla ki sí kon mas.
:Sévū mas de l’hóro di triálo
:ve delíverū mas de la vílo.
:[Per la ressilénto, la póvro, ve la glóro es ton
:adéssi ve per etérni. Ámen.]

==Theudo==
:Than pár ágí,yrth thí inn yln,
:yrth than avn ádích ogam,
:Kumadth than unkrig ádích,
:Mymeridth than abad ádích,
:Onn jorder ek inn yln.
:Gefathí égí than yndé broth ágí
:ug yrdylathí égí thaí egání ágí,
:ek yrdylath égí étí dach égánath alyn égí.
:ug dá burdithí égí dá díchossen,
:ach durthí égí am drogh.
:[Lí yrth sy than unkrig ádích, than ubres ug than gylá. Líny ug y. Amen]

==[[Sandic]] (Kémani)==
:Pé da aŵ pa lēyar,
:Daeyui obatara béenú pé,
:Béno pé obaféd,
:Wîc pé obatoka,
:Ó ba imprîâ obatokara ŵhé pa ân.
:Ŵian ta damdabin jémohnin otiab opétora,
:Ta lenadabin aŵin otiab opéfama,
:Ta kémabin, ŵiab opur, otiab opéfama.
:Ŵian opéneot ma ân aŵtewîc ân ma dabin lenain,
:A ŵiab frn wîc ân ma dabin akenoin opéjjémz.
:[Pa skra jébi- Ba imprîâ frn pé batara, iné wî ba béno, iné wî ba auzeract,
:Gre kala, jéb obatara,]
:Lēamian

==[[Dmezk]]==

:Boja,
:Pani morosza muno metsa
:Muno motsekune asza
:Urhdu murez munazi otso numira fujarez arhmede,
:ko drokesza murez numira lofurajizy,
:Kru murez drokesza murez furetez dusz lek e murez muteke.
:Ko furetez murez enu umz ki dorake.

==[[Parra]]==
{|
|
:<center>''Latin:''</center>
:Papa denes, ce da a seli,
:Noma dedi esi santo fa fara.
:Sarso dedi fa veni,
:Vola dedi esi fa fara, tanta a sinla, tanta a seli.
:Ves den, xat de den per nos dada,
:E debiti denes perona, tanta nos perona emedebiti denes.
:E a temta nos ne conduşu,
:Ma nos escer de saló fara. Amén
||
:<center>''Cyrillic:''</center>
:Папа дэнэс кэ да а сэли,
:Нома дэди эси санто фа фара.
:Сарсо деди фа вени,
:Вола деди эси фа фара, танта а синла, танта а сэли.
:Вес ден, хат де ден пер нос дада,
:Э девити денес перона, танта нос перона эмэдебити денес.
:Э а тэмта нос нэ кондушу,
:Ма нос эскещэ дэ салӧ фара. Амӭн.
|}

==[[Kihā́mmic]]==
'''Kihā́mmic Millenium Bible'''

Gloss

'''9 Vámû náčûm hekóš fáz kašā́ etômá: mnốmô Dárat kétômô yû́n Yégkhāne sói, danamá tīdá sōramá séi.'''

9 You (n pl nom) have to (pres n pl) pray (inf) how (conj) according to (conj) this (f sing gen): our (m sing nom) Father (m sing nom) who (m sing nom) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (pres m sing), your (f sing nom) name (f sing nom) holy (f sing nom) be (pres f sing).

'''10 Ī́tnômô Yegašā́n ôfót, ī́tnûm yón lé Gántre yā́ yû́n Yégkhāne tróp verázamô.'''

10 Your (m sing nom) Kingdom (m sing nom) come (fut imp m sing), yours (m sing nom) on (prep) the (m sing prep) Earth (m sing prep) as (adv) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (fut imp m sing) do (past part m sing nom).

'''11 Klûrû́vû pā́dû yû́n étôme klûrét mámô stagaþố.'''

11 Daily (n sing nom) bread (n sing nom) on (prep) this (f sing prep) day (f sing prep) we (n pl all) give (imp m sing).

'''12 Yanošố mánômā solgkhámā yā́ mánômā solgkhonámā mámû yanû́m.'''

12 Pardon (imp m sing) our (m pl acc) debt (m pl acc) as (adv) our (m pl acc) debtor (m pl acc) we (n pl nom) pardon (pres n pl).

'''13 Ôyán nárstûnô mámā ôkradžôtố bán é ayán eutá mámā čulūtố paškomá ī́tnûm sói lố čanák é lố tūkál ə́tə tôvánə džā́zə. Amén.'''

13 To (prep) temptation (m sing all) we (n pl acc) lead (imp m sing) not (neg) and (conj) from (prep) evil (m sing abl) we (n pl acc) save (imp m sing) because (conj) yours (m sing nom) be (pres m sing) the (m sing nom) power (m sing nom) and (conj) the (m sing nom) glory (m sing nom) for (prep) all (m sing term) time (m sing term). Amen (adv).

==[[Hellingijø]]==
:anseraz faþiriz, hwaz in itim oranï biuziz,
:haggiðiz þinaz onamaz sijeza.
:þinaz bazilidomaz kwemiða,
:þinaz bulizi ana þe gerþi
:hwo ana þo oranï þuriða.
:anseraz hemerilikazini itini arþizi tohemeri gebeniza
:andi anseraz hamaritï sigihoriza,
:hwo wiz itini sundarï anagagin anziz sighoram.
:andi to itinø hagadomiziz de-agiza
:haldiz þinaz fram itinø ubiliziz siziza.
:amen.

==[[Aquarian]]==
:Ayter oosen, dar yas dh'indra,
:Wennick yas ya hennell ov;
:Erras a h-affy hoyrick ov;
:Voon erreth surrys;
:Ar channal, say ar indra.
:Acketh y'oos keenow gakeener scran os.
:Ga vargeth y'oos affickes os,
:Sinda chy a vargy heem dar affickash dhe goorth oos.
:Ga harrenneth y'oos nee dhe gunther;
:Madge nashneemeth y'oos oo leen.
:Amen.

==[[Tanrian]]==
:'''Patro Nostra''' - ''(a version)''
:Patro nostra, qui esta in ceal
:Santificat esta nomen teu
:Regno teu venira
:Voro teu sera fazut
:Sur Terra ca esta in ceal
:Donez a noi hodia nostra pan omnidia
:E ieştaz nostras debitos
:Ca ieştam nostras debitores
:E noi duçez non in tentazio,
:Ma noi liberaz del malezza.
:Amen

== [[Sdrawkcab]] ==

:Ruo rehtaf, ohw si ni nevaeh,
:Dewollah eb yht enam,
:Yht modgnik emoc,
:Yht lliw eb enod,
:No Htrae sa ti si ni Nevaeh
:Evig su siht yad ruo yliad daerb,
:Dna evigrof su ruo snis,
:Sa ew evigrof esoht ohw nis tsniaga su.
:Dael su ton otni noitatpmet,
:Tub reviled su morf live,
:Rof eniht si eht modgnik, eht werop dna eht yrolg,
:Rof reve dna reve,
:Nema!

==[[Bisla'ikh]]==

'''''In Bisla'ikh Script'''''
----

:Дӑтэвӑнђоҏю, ќерђКӑлэӑн,
:Овэеђэда кӑлэмӑнта,
:Ќоралусвађэда, ҏэвӑнђадтеђбува,
:Дежэђэда, гушанђэда, ҏантэнкђаҏђбувӑ,
:ГтюђЭҏпэх, лэкэнӑ скђКӑлэӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн левенӑ павђлучӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн сэќ спучӑшђэда,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн мусэнђэда,
:Ос лунӑмачэђэда скђоҏю эн мусэнђэда, ю мусэнђоҏюђбувӑ обаяђеда!
:Спрэнкђэдађбувӑ веж скђмӑлхӑнӑ, эмп cпрэнкђэдађбувӑ ҏобуђковӑтэ ос ҏобуђмӑлхӑнӑ!
:Аҏ Ќоралусвађэда, энугяђэда, сэќђэда,
:Яу сэќоҏу,
:Cпӑяђэду!

'''''In Roman Script'''''
----

:Dativan'orryu, xer'Kalian,
:Ovie'idu kalimanthu,
:Xorulirsvu'idu, rrivan'udthe'birva,
:Dezhi'idu, girshun'idu, rrunthing'urr'birva,
:Gthyu'Irrfikh, likina sg'Kalian,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in levena puv'lirchan,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in six sfirchash'idu,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu,
:Os lirnamuchi'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu, yu mirsin'orryu'birva obuya'idu!
:Sfring'idu'birva vezh sg'malkhana, imf sfring'idu'birva rrobir'kovati os rrobir'malkhana!
:Urr Xorulirsvu'idu, inirgya'idu, six'idu,
:Yair sixorrir,
:Sfaya'idir!

'''''Translation'''''
----

:Our father, in heaven,
:Your name is Sacred,
:Your kingdom, it comes,
:Your wants, your needs, they shall occur,
:On earth, similar to heaven,
:you give to us now the bread of life,
:You give to us all your compassion,
:You give to us now your forgiveness,
:and you teach to us forgiveness, so we will forgive as you!
:You will not lead us to evil, but you will lead us from temptation, and evil!
:they are your Kingdom, Your power, your all,
:For all time,
:I pray!

==[[Qi (Irfikian Language) | Qi]]==

The Prayer to Sola: The 'lord's prayer' equivalent in the Qilan religion of Solarriam

'''''Qi'a Script:'''''

[[File:Prayer_to_Sola.png]]

'''''Transliteration with Grammar points:'''''

:nalo'áf qi'no a'a so'la o'za no'ó-dá'ó
:''pray we to sola on day(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó da'sana'i lí'di qo'va
:''(adv)continuous shine his light''
:ni'vi'da lí'di vo'o'o qi'no va'lo si'í'i si'a qo'va si'a qo'novir
:''fill he lives our with joy and light and warmth''
:razina'lo'on lí'di va'siro'á na'la
:''bring forth he plants all!''
:fazi'i'os lí'di qa'a'vo'o-i'aza-dá'ó
:''sustain he herd(pl)(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó ni'vi'la'á lí'di va'lo si'zaroni'i qi'no
:''(adv)continuous provide he us with necessities our''
:a'a nazilo'o'a si'a ri'ad
:''to eternity and day''
:qa'asno'oq qi'no li'a'a
:''salute we you''
:va'la'a'í!
:''Prosper!''

'''''Proper translation:'''''

:We pray to sola on this day,
:That his light may continuously shine.
:May he fill our lives with joy, light and warmth
:May he bring forth all plants,
:May he sustain the herds
:May he continuously provide us with what we need
:For eternity and a day
:For we salute you
:Prosper!

==[[Volapük]]==
'''Volapük Rigik - Original Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binon paisaludomöz nem ola!
:Kömomöd monargän ola!
:Jenomöz vil olik, äs in sül, i su tal!
:Bodi obsik vädeliki givolös obes adelo!
:E pardolös obes debis obsik,
:äs id obs aipardobs debeles obas.
:E no obis nindukolös in tendadi;
:sod aidalivolös obis de bad.
:Jenosöd!

'''Volapük Nulik - New Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binol in süls! Nem olik pasalüdükonöd!
:Regän ola kömonöd!
:Vil olik jenonöd, äsä in sül, i su tal!
:Givolös obes adelo bodi aldelik obsik!
:E pardolös obes döbotis obsik,
:äsä i obs pardobs utanes, kels edöbons kol obs.
:E no blufodolös obis,
:ab livükolös obis de bad!
:(Ibä dutons lü ol regän, e nämäd e glor jü ün laidüp.)
:So binosös!

==Todamese==

By [[User:Xadrezo|xadrezo]]

:Meqas up thèladzh [mɛqas up θəladʒ]
:wedy qiv [wɛɟ qiv]
:wey ily [wɛj iʎ]
:odh wediv [ɔð wɛdiv]
:ladzhav thècc [ladʒav θəɕ]
:ow melcadzhapyitsh [ɔw mɛʟadʒapjitʃ]
:ow um ywethèmevits [ɔw um ɥɛθəmɛvits]
:èwh om udh ywethèdhevits [əʍ ɔm uð ɥɛθəðɛvits]
:ow kèm ywethèqgadily [ɔw kɛm ɥɛθəðɛɢadiʎ]
:èwh ow kèny fadzhiv [əʍ ɔw kəɲ fadʒiv]
:èq. [əq]

==[[Calcoradish]]==

[[File:Calcoradish sample text (Lord's prayer).jpg|500px]]

*Latin transcription
:Chém e starden

:Vem stár, edur sór agøis sym naeth; a yidur.
:Yidur dræs vem sǿdur e zøch vendur ǿl nabel.
:Yidur dræs vem volnadúr ol zøch vendur adenǽl.
:Yidur dræs vem lygor e zøch vendur nagǿl aver laghne, den andur aver naeth.
:Zøch fegois e odetol vem yidur codurnedem.
:Zøch adegois e cǽge edur yidur modelaer e chter, corem edur yidur adegedoer vem modenódel e agor yidur.
:Zøch dois gorendrǽl e yidur, em decæis yidur gór modhem.
:Volnadúr em voldor em graneth tordýr e zøch triondor.
:Amen.

==[[Labwese]]==
:Getuz-sovex'Vatu pwo njebex,
:getuz-detu'imje sanktifikate;
:riz-detu'Krolete xri sovex;
:faz-detu'Vile pwo zemlje kil pwo njebe.
:Siwodnja daz-detu sovex'xlote;
:e prastjez-detu sovex'deptex,
:kil prastjez-sovex sovex'deptekex;
:njok perlimjez-detu folz pwo temptatje,
:e rifekez-detu takuj ploxje.
:Amen.

==[[Mentolatian]]==
:zan paher, qua-dauv fí-jeuwof dauv og-quarmenom:
:our father, TOP.you, in the heavens you (be-)where

:nin-fêtyom quesam omfi-secchyom, perem fí-jeuwof i-dvan,
:down-gaze and about-look, from in heavens your,

:arjjaguz quesam cuscuw, dauv:
:blessed and lovely, you

:qua-varam pahera i-zan qua-dauv siyymnom quesam le-nes dauv khoelyos:
:TOP.truth father of us indeed you are and ACC.us you make.whole

:qua-náman i-dvan, yisam he arjjagmenem:
:TOP.name your, that-in.particular it (is) blessed

:qua-reget i-dvan, yisam he nin-wanmnem:
:TOP.realm your, that-in.particular it down-come

:qua-wallwan i-dvan, yisam he tintenmnem:
:TOP.will your, that-in.partic it be beautifully done

:nô ôg-jájomd og-qua-jwí-nô:
:as loc.Gea loc.TOP.Heavens as

:qua-sómat i-zan, cabyôm dauv le-he on-nes yiyi og-yi-sunnu:
:TOP.bread.for.the.day of us, give you ACC.it DAT.us that LOC.this.sun/day

:qua-erufezzí i-zan, nô suwatyôm dauv qua-nes, hessam nes suwatyos nô:
:TOP.sins of-us, as wash.clean you TOP.us, them we wash.clean as

:n-dlatem sem le-nes on-piscamat dauv:
:NEG.put NEG ACC.us DAT.trial you

:rats dlatem le-budem de-yi-tartar:
:quicker send ACC.evil to-that-yonder (away)

:n-wanmnem sem og-nes sem nenfâs.
:NEG.come NEG among-us no evil-doing

==[[Roguel]]==
[[File:Pater-noster-roguel.PNG]]
:Andon burcuetnya sigie burcuteget:
:Ronetlinete Attokorutyo,
:ansiradiyabek ec'ungut,
:onabek t'amanextangut,
:hanyiptabek lhardagut,
:ronde hanodeder.
:Unarihat pankorutit pirkoruma.
:Avelkorutna ripna,
:avelkepkorutna ripnakder.
:Pesadey dumirkorimat merey ik'adibikare.
:Guene t'amanextanek, hurotek, yomonek, kolganalnuk.
:Amen.

==[[Urban Basanawa]]==
Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食与うﾟと我等す今日
: 又ん赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えわ゜と我等之負者
: 又ん無率ど我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, geve to us fondag
: en fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergevet ur beshulders
: en ne leed us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho:p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho:p dai 'kiŋdəm 'ko:m/
: /'ho:p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik in hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho:p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:vət ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en ne 'li:t us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/
Note:
# the short vowels /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/ are frequently pronunced as [ɛ], [ɪ], [ɔ], [ʊ] respectively; the long vowel /a:/ is frequently pronunced as [ɑ:]
# the vowel in the suffix -dom(as in the word "kingdom") can be /o/ or /ə/.
# /ŋ/ is frequently pronunced as [ŋk] in syllable-final position.

==Koulesch==
: Fater Unser, der is ime himmel
: Geheiligt werde dain name
: dain raich kome
: dain wille gescheh
: auf erden wie ime himmel
: gib uns heyt unser tagliches brout
: und erlou unsere schulde
: wie wir erloun unsere schuldiger
: und fyyre uns nicht in fersuuchung
: aber befrai uns fomme ybel
: Amen

Pronunciation:
: /'fɑ:tər ʊnsər dɛr ɪs ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /g'he:lɪkt 'ʋɛrdə daɪn 'nɑ:mə/
: /daɪn 'raɪx 'ko:mə/
: /daɪn 'ʋɪl:ə g'ʃe:/
: /auf 'ɛrdən ʋi: ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /'gɪp ʊns 'hɛɪt ʊnsərə 'tɑ:klɪxəs 'bro:t/
: /ʊnt ər'lo: ʊnsərə 'ʃʊldə/
: /ʋi: ʋɪr ər'lo:n ʊnsərə 'ʃʊldɪgər/
: /ʊnt 'fi:rə ʊns nɪxt ɪn fər'su:xʊŋ/
: /abər b'fraɪ ʊns fomə 'i:bəl/
: /ɑ:mən/
Note:
# in Koulesch, /x/ is never pronunced as the voiceless palatal fricative [ç], even before or after front vowels.
# the copula "is" is also sometimes written as "ist", but the form "ist" is considered archaic or dialectical.

==Senjecas==
*9b: ɱúm cemenőm éna tąta̋: tu-fę̋to sa̋kaþo ı̋lo
:1-STA.SG | heaven-STA.PL | in | father-VOC.SG | your=name-NOM.SG | holy-IND-PPTCP-NOM.SG | become-SBJV
*10: tu-ręᵹta̋iɱa ǧe̋mo: tu-tőla kı̋aþa ı̋lo épa cemenőmk̬e v̌ętősk̬' éna
:your=kingdom-NOM.SG | come-SBJV | your=will-NOM.SG | do-IND-PPTCP-NOM.SG | become-SBJV | as | heaven-STA.PL-and | earth-STA.SG-and-ELIS | in
*11: ɱúm o sáhvi ɱúm sa̋ho k̬a̋zom dǫ̋e
:1-STA.PL | to this-day-ADV | 1-STA.PL | this-day | bread-MOT.SG | give-IMP
*12: ɱúm vų̋mon ɱum dų̋re épa ɱus ɱúm vų̋mlun dų̋ra
:1-STA.PL | debt-MOT.PL | 1-MOT.PL | debtor-MOT.PL | forgive-IND | as | 1-NOM.PL | 1-STA.PL | debtor-MOT.PL | forgive-IND
*13: xę̋lam | éna | ɱun | de̋uke | mę | þǫ́si | łąxta̋s | ápa | ɱun | še̋ve
: temptation-MOT.SG in 1-MOT.PL lead-IMP not but evil-STA.SG from 1-MOT.PL free-IMP
*hi | ręᵹta̋iɱak̬e | ɱa̋kak̬e | ṁa̋gok̬e | tús | o | še̋ðtam | éna | e̋sa
:for | kingdom-NOM.SG-and | power-NOM.SG-and | glory-NOM.SG-and | eternity | into | be-IND

=Alternative Writing System=
==[[Tower Orthography|Tawyr Oorthaagryfii]]==
*Erlii Maadyrn Ingglic (1662 BCP)
:Aur Fadhyr, witc art in Hevyn,
:Halood bii dhai Neem.
:Dhai Kingdym cym.
:Dhai wil bii dyn,
:in erth az it iz in Hevyn.
:Giv ys dhis dee aur deelii bred.
:And foorgiv ys aur trespasiz,
:Az wii foorgiv dhem dhat trespas ygenst ys.
:And liid ys naat intuu tempteetcyn;
:Byt dylivyr ys frym iivil.
:[Foor dhain iz dhy kingdym, dhy pawyr, and dhy gloorii,
:Foor ever and ever.] Amen.

==Mënk==
By [[User:Sam_s89|Sam_s89]]

*An alternative writing system for a Mancunian conlang, still in the early stages of development.
:Ë të-afse,
:Wah bÿ n Elÿsÿum,
:Fntastk bÿ je næm.
:Je tym kum
:Je wanh bÿ tun
:N ve Näf n Elÿsÿum.
:Gf wÿ ttæ ë clep
:N fegyf ë prÿfjus
:N wÿ ulfegyf veh wah prÿfjus wÿ
:N tunt sent wÿ nefe temcun
:But tlyfe wÿ frm ÿfyl
:[Fe Elÿsÿum, ve pë n glary bÿ ja, në n frefe]
:Ëmn

==[['Ingglish|Íngglish]]==
By [[User:Personak|personak]].

*King Dgeimzs Vurczén (King James Version)
:Aur fáadhur,
:Which aart in héeven,
:Háaloud bii dhai neim.
:Dhai kíngdem kuom,
:Dhai wil bii duon on Urth,
:Azs it izs in héeven.
:Giv uos dhis dei aur déiliy breed.
:And fourgív uos aur deets,
:As wii fourgív aur déeterzs.
:And liid uos not íntuu teemptéicsen,
:Buot delíver uos fruom íivel:
:Four dhain izs dhe kíngdem, and dhe páuwer, and dhe glóuriy, fouréver.
:Éimeen.

[[Category:Texts]]

Our Father

2015-05-14T19:45:06Z

K1234567890y: /* Urban Basanawa */

'''Our Father''', also known as the '''Lord's Prayer''', is a widely-known prayer of Christianity. It is used by linguists and conlangers for comparing the differences between languages. In many cases it is also called the '''Pater Noster''' because of the widespread use of Latin in the Church. There are even [[Runes|Runic]] inscriptions in Latin along the lines of "say a Pater Noster for so-and-so's soul."

=Natlangs=
==[[Romance Languages]]==
===Latin===
:Pater noster, qui es in caelis:
:sanctificetur Nomen Tuum;
:adveniat Regnum Tuum;
:fiat voluntas Tua,
:sicut in caelo, et in terra.
:Panem nostrum cotidianum da nobis hodie;
:et dimitte nobis debita nostra,
:Sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris;
:et ne nos inducas in tentationem;
:sed libera nos a Malo.

===[[Spanish]]===
:Padre nuestro, que estás en los cielos,
:santificado sea tu Nombre;
:venga tu Reino;
:hágase tu Voluntad,
:así en la tierra como en el cielo.
:Nuestro pan cotidiano dánosle hoy;
:y perdónanos nuestras deudas,
:así como nosotros hemos perdonado a nuestros deudores;
:no nos dejes caer en tentación,
:mas líbranos del mal.
:Amén.

==[[Germanic languages]]==
===[[High German]]===
:Vater Unser im Himmel,
:Geheiligt werde Dein Name,
:Dein Reich komme.
:Dein Wille geschehe,
:Wie im Himmel, so auf Erden.
:Unser tägliches Brot gib uns heute,
:Und vergib uns unsere Schuld,
:Wie auch wir vergeben unseren Schuldigern.
:Und führe uns nicht in Versuchung,
:Sondern erlöse uns von dem Bösen.
:Denn Dein ist das Reich und die Kraft
:und die Herrlichkeit, in Ewigkeit.
:Amen.

===[[Dutch]]===
:Onze Vader,
:die in de hemelen zijt,
:geheiligd zij Uw naam.
:Uw rijk kome,
:Uw wil geschiede op aarde als in de hemel.
:Geef ons heden ons dagelijks brood,
:en vergeef ons onze schulden,
:gelijk ook wij vergeven aan onze schuldenaren.
:En leid ons niet in bekoring,
:maar verlos ons van het kwade.

===[[Modern English]] ELLC (1988)===
:Our Father in heaven,
:hallowed be your name,
:your kingdom come,
:your will be done,
:on earth as in heaven.
:Give us today our daily bread.
:Forgive us our sins
:as we forgive those who sin against us.
:Save us from the time of trial
:and deliver us from evil.
:[For the kingdom, the power, and the glory are yours
:now and for ever. Amen.]

===[[Early Modern English]] (1662 BCP)===
:Our Father, which art in Heaven,
:Hallowed be thy Name.
:Thy Kingdom come.
:Thy will be done,
:in earth as it is in Heaven.
:Give us this day our daily bread.
:And forgive us our trespasses,
:As we forgive them that trespass against us.
:And lead us not into temptation;
:But deliver us from evil.
:[For thine is the kingdom, The power, and the glory,
:For ever and ever.] Amen.

===[[Middle English]]===
:Fader ure ðatt art in hevene blisse,
:Ðin hege name itt wurðe bliscedd,
:Cumen itt mote ði kingdom,
:Ðin hali wil it be al don,
:In heven and in erðe all so,
:So itt sall ben ful wel ic to;
:Gif us alle one ðis dai,
:Ure bred of iche dai,
:And forgive us ure sinne,
:Als we don ure wiðerwinnes:
:Leet us noct in fondlinge fall,
:Ooc fro ivel ðu sild us alle. Amen.

===[[Anglo-Saxon]]===
:Fæder ūre, þū eart on heofonum:
:sī þīn nama ȝehāȝlod.
:Tōbecume þīn rīce.
:Ȝeƿeorþe þīn ƿilla
:on eorþan sƿāsƿā on heofonum.
:Ūre dæȝhƿāmlican hlāf sielle ūs tō dæȝe.
:And forȝief ūs ūre ȝyltas
:sƿāsƿā ƿē forȝiefaþ ūrum ȝyltendem.
:And ne ȝelǣd þū on costnunȝe,
:ac ālīes ūs of yfele.

===[[Norwegian]]===
:Fader vår, du som er i himmelen!
:Helliget vorde ditt navn;
:komme ditt rike;
:skje din vilje,
:som i himmelen, så og på jorden;
:gi oss idag vårt daglige brød;
:og forlat oss vår skyld,
:som vi og forlater våre skyldnere;
:og led oss ikke inn i fristelse;
:men fri oss fra det onde.
:For riket er ditt,
:og makten og æren i evighet.
:Amen.

==[[Celtic Languages]]==

===[[Proto-Gallo-Brythonic]]===
:Asron atīr, esti·i̯o eni nemesi,
:noibos buu̯et tou anu̯an,
:ro·to·aχsāt tou rīgi̯on
:u̯reχtus tou au̯illos
:u̯or talamoni samalī eni nemesi.
:Asron baragon petidīi̯ācon dā snūs sindīu̯on.
:Matu̯ī snūs asron dligetā,
:samalī i̯on matu̯imos asron dligeti̯obo,
:ne·c snīs wede dū u̯osagitē,
:eχtos snīs dīlunge au u̯allū.
:Amen.

=Conlangs=

Feel free to add Lord's prayer in your conlangs' version here.

==[[Aingeljã]]==
Nou Pare, qwe ets nou cell, 
qwe santificat eh vou nome, 
qwe vene a nos vou reixĩ. 
Qwe eh façata va voluntà, 
tant na terra com nou cell. 
Donat-nus hogge nou pã qwotiggãn 
e pardonat-nus nas ofensas, 
com tantbain nos pardonèms qwĩns ofensen-nus. 
E nõ deixat-nus cadre na tentazõn 
e lluwerat-nus dou Mal. 
Amain. 

==[[Altherkin Itak]]==
[[File:Our_Father_-_Altherkin_Itak_-_Script_4.JPG]]

:Jia'meh Abbous Jeon'yajeo naebu de, namaewae Yi beilahjeon ang de.
:Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi beilah.
:Jikan fotei, dei'fover Yi werben no Jeo e'ea Jeon'yajeo naebu.
:Deikan ima e'ea deikan'mej, lat warei kae'a jia'meh nimo.
:Luswerzya luswer jia'meh paliya. Warei ahsu luswer luswerzya dei'fover nyan.
:Yi beilah nei warei jianxi werben dili, da'a'te Yi warei proteto detei luswer paliya.
:(Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi ang de, ta Jeonji, e'ea ta pa'a'me, por jikan fotei mej.)
:Ohmaen

:Our Father Heaven inside is, name you holy it is.
:Land of God your exist.
:Time future, intent you act of Earth and Heaven inside.
:Today and every day, To us bread our give.
:Forget sins our please. We their sin forget intend also.
:You "To be" no us cause "to act" bad, but you us protect from sin please.
:(Land of God yours it is, The divine power, and the glory, for time future all.)
:Amen

[http://www.facebook.com/v/2682096943833 Hear it read by Motonjia (external Link)]

==[[Arkhæn | Arkhæn]]==
A Prayer to The Psynecerion, a polytheistic "Lord's Prayer" equivalent in the religion of Kareigăn-Hæx religion.

=== Modern Arkhæn Alkavăht Script ===
[[File:Arkhaen_Lordprayer.PNG]]

=== Romanized: ===
:Keir præhăm mhe jzakar Yfikt Sehri,
:Hoth amăn khăma taiku Hæx, ara Gaateni
:Keir amăn ir ăndrgaaten, keir flær dhe vari, mhe garăm deru cogan dhe miyar kædi
:Mhe kariar ăz i ăn ara zeidu joirk ak mhe mujes jzakar haqeinan dhe hjaani
:Măhdi keir suod zăn hoth adr, măhdi keir anămi zăn hoth adr,
:Mhe ghejz haqeinan zuk i ăn ăhsl dyhijoi
:Măhdi hoth gaate qajoi dyhijoi mhe mujes jzakar kanrqeinăn avarkhe
:Măhdi ăhsl mhe takad kăhkănen dhe jzakar ræhi dhe hjaani ak dhe jzakr Kareigăn-Hæx.
:Aze Takădi!

=== Translation: ===
:We pray to the Perfect Ones,
:They who came from Six, our creators
:We who are subservient, we ask of them, to lend us some of their strength
:To carry on our daily tasks and to keep the balance of nature
:May we live as they do, may we die as they do, to bring balance upon all worlds
:May they create more worlds to drive the imbalance away.
:May all to be enlightened of the ways of nature and of the Original Six.
:Aze Takadi! (both a greeting gesture as well as a sort of "amen")

==[[The World|Avantimanisc]]==
:Oure fadêr that be yn heuenerihhe;
:sende ye-hallawet thin namô;
:cwem te thin rihhdomaz;
:sende thin wellez ye-dôn swo yn medwaralde swo yn heuenam;
:yef ôs on te daye oure ĳelckday susteynavant;
:ande ôs foryef oure detes,
:swo we foryef te oure detendam;
:ande ne lîth ôs nouwt te thon castynge,
:but framward-ôs-lôs fram euele.

==Esperanto==
:Patro nia, kiu estas en la ĉielo,
:sanktigata estu Via nomo.
:Venu Via regno.
:Fariĝu Via volo,
:kiel en la ĉielo, tiel ankaŭ sur la tero.
:Nian panon ĉiutagan donu al ni hodiaŭ.
:Kaj pardonu al ni niajn ŝuldojn,
:kiel ankaŭ ni pardonas al niaj ŝuldantoj.
:Kaj ne konduku nin en tenton,
:sed liberigu nin de la malbono.
:(Ĉar Via estas la regno kaj la potenco
:kaj la gloro eterne.)
:Amen.

==[[Háfrig]]==
:Kes Etâr, qwin il eskáleo ri,
:genomentuz i missild,
:offimmoz i tis agenir,
:geroz i tis élekk,
:léda l-eskálio, śo l-edzúroro si.
:Forventikál vekánandum dontiz káj píl,
:et offűliz i bêtgánandu,
:léda ke s’ offűlam i h-inóvand bêtdífendo.
:E gin véliz kum kojsitána,
:ak gemojgiriz i vultími.
:(Dé tis i h-agenir, i forrel e l-iskür forvenâk.)
:Roz ö-gen.

==Lojban==
:doi cevrirni.iu noi zvati le do cevzda do'u fu'e .aicai .e'ecai lo do cmene ru'i censa
:.i le do nobli turni be la ter. ku se cfari
:.i loi do se djica ba snada mulno vi'e le cevzda .e .a'o la ter.
:.i fu'e .e'o ko dunda ca le cabdei le ri nanba mi'a
:.i ko fraxu mi loi ri zu'o palci
:.ijo mi fraxu roda poi pacyzu'e xrani mi
:.i ko lidne mi fa'anai loi pacyxlu
:.i ko sepri'a mi loi palci
:.i .uicai ni'i loi se turni .e loi vlipa .e loi mi'orselsi'a cu me le do romei
:fa'o

==[[Anoé]]==

:,nul-((fuuilat-en-ia)-él-éltil)

:efma-en-ve fi-atfalit tléé

:((tintom-en-ve fi-ulaat tléé

:uuifó-en-ve fó-én-aé)

:an-(Earth)-fn-(al-ló-él-éltil)).

:,ve ie-aile-ufuium li-aten-óf-(ailu)-at-ia.

:,ve felien-en-ia éliuón-at-ia

:nif-(ia én-(laéen ia feliu) éliuón-at-al.

:,ve ia erian-ól-(ésélit-en-uilien)

:tléé ve ia erian-sééld.

:(fan ól-tintom tlé ól-élein tlé ól-aliaten (al-en-ve al

:ló-(et-tlé-néf)). ,fti-ló.)

==Classical Longrimol==
{{seealso|Longrimol}} by [[User:Longrim|Longrim]]

:Adhorom nedhúrer
:airalichy raivog
:therdhäil darandorog
:dhánäilichy malfog
:márchan nedhúrer
:gweltheljbantho-m'il
:jaldhtharvo-m'il
:oi thärvim mênjäldhim
:dhulro-m'il glastainúlong
:dhulro-m'il gruidhong.

:[find i dharandr-og cambadh-og asdago-og cwildhríl. Emín.]

==Classical Arithide==
{{seealso|Classical Arithide}} by [[User:Denihilonihil|Eugene]]
{{seealso|Arithide Sample Text Corpus}}

{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" width="66%"
|-
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Classical Arithide
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Late Classical Arithide
|-
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rignā, zōon saluminnum, histamosit illos ays. Egēra lisgas ays. Reskerosit deiros ays, halagum saluminnumena. Rignor emereto haror omer krerērō, a kansārērō irige syndrē, rīgisae syndirēnēs kansārena. On rege avgērērō thiftiae, nege rege magārērō vokirōn. Amen.
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rikin, saluminnum hero, histamesit illos ayn. Egura lisgas ayn. Reskeresit deiros ayn, halaginnum saluminnumena. Rikin emnatir haro omnat kreruras, nam kansaruras rīkae syndrē, rikisyndoris syndirēnēs kansariena. On riko avlataguras orgrei, nege riko magāruras vokyrōn. Amen.
|}

==Ellesklavan==
{{seealso|Ellesklavan}}

:vidrömü, ci eu en éfni,
:aolé eu tli nömü.
:tli řoyamü viyen.
:tli sřay eu fazi,
:en teřya é ža eu en éfni.
:dono no sé širu pasirana kotined.
:éti frocefi no trégepaseniran,
:kön no frocefi elehli ci trégepaseni kontri no.
:éti neu kleřtni pa no ostü betnosü;
:mé délifeř no dé džharag.
:(porceu lešé eu lé řoyamü, lé pufovřir, éti lé kloriyen,
:por tu éti tu) amné.

== Teeverb Kuluxem ==
{{seealso|Teeverb Kuluxem}}

Teeverb Kuluxem:

:Tuchomat Kulonar:
:Padre keeyuhn infadia, uba' nio shuuran,
:Tunatma kuyuhn echa' tubonflaken.
:Yaco-ubhiemna tukinglak kunoi tuyumya,
:Shem yaco-ubfin tupaj kunoi,
:Nio shutereen sima nio shuuran.
:Pal-ubofero tukwam kudiama kuval alt sheeyuhn;
:Shem pal-ubforglan teeyuhn sima okforglan teeotheeno;
:Vo pal-ubleedha teeyuhn alt shutemapta,
:Kief pal-ubforma okvan vaeem shupekitat;
:Tukinglak shem tufuertlas shem tuglameeka eshadda kunoi.
:Amen

Translation:

:The prayer of the Lord:
:The Father of Ours, who is in Heaven,
:Your name is great.
:Bring your kingdom here,
:And accomplish your plan,
:On Earth the same as in Heaven.
:Give us the food of this day;
:Forgive us the same as we forgive others;
:Do not lead us to temptation,
:But force us to go away from evil;
:The glory, the power and the glory are your's.
:Amen

==Thorsutian==
{{seealso|Thorsutian}}

:Man baset, cus ёd nё parasje,
:ёsmardzsёn ёdur xjen zavke.
:Xjen mёbraţje rikas.
:Xjen zsёdu çozid,
:ёn toke siç ёd tho parasjud.
:Jat maţu ked ord man vorje bucje.
:E ţalis maţu man funёbartiv,
:siç maţ ţalёmi çadёk cus funёbart kurda maţu
:E pron maţu nok tho ёnarzsud,
:pas shonah maţu el necud,
:(ţa xjen ёl mёbraţi, uuzs, e strirren,
:ţa dadarma e dadarma.)
:Amen

==Tauro-Piscean==
{{seealso|Tauro-Piscean language}}

:Tet Fedä ëleêses, wa zï in Heofonem,
:¡Letan tet Namen janes clenê bean!
:Tet Kïnedom janes kum.
:¡Letan tet Willê janes dodê bean,
:Et Eëtenem tonnê in Heofonem!
:¡Jefan ëleêsen tode tet jedewamliken Bräden!
:¡And fëjefan ëleêsen te Jïêlten,
:Tonnê ëleês fëjef kvinem, dass makê Jïêlten!
:¡And ledan ëleêsen nat in Kostnungen,
:Ak beëjan ëleêsan fram Ïfeêlem!
:[Tï janes zï tet Kïnedom, tet Mït and tet Wöldë,
:To efä nes efä.] Sotlikê.

It is worth noting that the Tauro-Piscean language evolved into the (New) West Germanic language below.

==West Germanic==
{{seealso|West Germanic language}}

:Uɍę Ąldoɍ, tu tąt is in ħjovonųm,
:Si tin namę halaɉ.
:Kumę tin riŧę,
:Maŧiǫn tin wįleǫn up eɍdųm ék swa in ħjovonųm.
:Uɍę daɉliŧ lafǫn gįvǫn us todaɉ,
:ǫnd foɍgįvǫn us uɍę ſųldzǫn ék swa we foɍgįf uɍę ſųldaɉǫn.
:Ǫnd faɍǫn tu ųn in ħjan kǫstnųnðǫn, ak luzǫn ųn uvęlęnę.
:[Ųmbętąt tin is tąt riŧę, tąt miħt ǫnd tąt wųldoɍ,
:ąvɍweɍd eŧę.]
:Sodliŧę.

==Vityng by [[User:Schlaier|Schlaier]]==
{{seealso|Vityng}}
{{seealso|Vityng our Father}}

:fæðirr óssa, hvem ar i himinn
:nama þinn ver hǽlge
:kónungrikk þinn ver gaður
:øskja þinn ver skaftur
:an eorð og sva i himinn.
:ǿssi gefar dægglykur brǿð óssa, þessa dagg.
:og synni óssa grætar óss
:sva varr grætum þætt ƕað skap synni an ǿssi
:i nǿðen lǽðarna óss
:og fram yfil takar óss.
:sænnlykur.

==Nytal==
{{seealso|Nytal}}
{{seealso|Nytal biblical texts}}

:Babu ni la, ki ad’jo ju ojl 
:Ni la a’šijnt noym Ok 
:Nori sliknost Ok 
:Ni la a’nut ehoj Ok 
:Iknijt ju ojl, Iknijt sjep bajus vsi 
:Ole tyahri er ni la ejs ni la 
:A vlup er ni la le finans ni la 
:Iknijt gek ni la a’vlup er le mefinanser ni la 
:A ta nenijt ni la ka medoljem 
:U vrij ni la de olim 
::Amen

==Lánc==
{{seealso|Lánc}}

:Vojun nát, eráv bálot
:Townon úk svútutolas
:Townon krišpót atja
:Townon šalja toljas
:Džú bálot džu pánot
:Lakfadžo vojay vojunon banfadžáro bágwo kál
:Ši vojay vojunyojon plačoy gwalč
:Džu vój vojunyajon plajačanay mijo gwalčen
:Ši vojo onás gorávtjámás ét majv
:Ýbo vojo ód ono gráwno nálutol.
:Amen

==[[Leet_Speak|L337 5q34Ҟ]]==

:0ύЯ ph4th3r N ん3\/N,
:L33+ 1z ur N￥m,
:ur Ӄ1n6|)0mz h3Я3 nao,
:u 90んん4 cl00 vv47 u w4んん4 cl00,
:0n 34r+ん L13k n ん3\/N.
:L37z 34+ 2d4y l13k d4 07hЯ d31,
:461v h0w3r fragz & pks plz,
:& wii vv1LL 461v3 d4 w0nz dat phr4993d u5.
:$4v3 uz phr0m d4 fl00d,
:& 41$0 phr0m d4 L337 3v!|_.
:4ym3んz.

==Lišěč==
{{seealso|Lišěč}}
{|
|
:<center>'''''Latin alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Fial Ipa, ktõr õłokotë tajväka
:sanktakammë leel nimien
:mënnajast leel küningrik
:tĕdaekemmë leel vylen
:śo tajväka, śo mälmake
:đnes antajatë fiam đnesmasen lĕjpäen
:õnt fergepejetë fial velkĕnesen
:śo fi fergepekemmë fial velketelnesem
:õnt ĕłi oğiatojotë ferśukedenë
:õnt svobõdojotë fian pakadaţë
:Amen
||
:<center>'''''Cyrillic alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Фиал Ипа, ктõр õљокотё тайвäка
:санктакаммё леел нимиен
:мённайаст леел кÿнингрик
:тĕдаекеммё леел вылен
:зо тайвäка, зо мäлмаке
:ћнес антайатё фиам ћнесмасен лĕйпäен
:õнт фергепейетё фиал велкĕнесен
:зо фи фергепекеммё фиал велкетелнесем
:õнт ĕљи ођиатойотё ферзукеденё
:õнт свобõдойотё фиан пакадаθё
:Амен
|}

==Keβag==
{{seealso|Keβag}}

:Fät man, lë beş ë pöt taɸ ë nheμet'
:lo seintsat ë seɸot'u ðo
:qeşa e dewönhoxul ðo
:ër sat'a ë pełäk do
:aże taɸ ë nheμet', aże taɸ ë nhujm'
:ovinë manheşë ekys ë nałecu ekyşoru μan
:cë danosë en μyg μan
:lo danos aże en μyɣocuv μan
:cë μë phonë manhëm taɸ ë rhejżaxaş
:aca püksatё manhëm renh e-ekwaň.
:Amen

==Teycil==
{{seealso|Teycil}}
:Paycil, jsomnajs hœjcoir væ
:zulev jsuveno lea
:ga ayro bolmadanev
:malev nā lea
:jsomnajs me ehrenajs
:moljga luie molojzunour mujxel ga beih
:me jqœnūl ga gjrebeih
:polajs-ajga jqœnosæcūl gjrebō lea
:me pîrojgīne xo le ga doikot vā
:tu jræsīne jcon le ga jzineih vā
:Amēn

==Nician==
{{seealso|Nician}}

:'''Il nost pat'''

:Il nost pat, chi ses nis ceis,
:Saintifcat sie’l tu nom.
:Venì’l tu regn.
:Se face la tue volontat,
:Nis ceis com sope la terre.
:Oz dànos il nost pan cottizan.
:E dimìttenos is nosts dèvits,
:Com ezze nos dimittius ais nosts devitoes.
:E n’indùcenos in teumtazion,
:Veò lìveanos da male.

==Brithenig==

:Nustr Padr, ke sia i llo chel,
:sia senghid tew nôn,
:gwein tew rheon,
:sia ffaeth tew wolont,
:syrs lla der sig i llo chel.
:Dun nustr pan diwrnal a nu h-eidd;
:e pharddun llo nustr phechad a nu,
:si nu pharddunan llo nustr phechad.
:E salw nu di'll temp di drial,
:mai llifr nu di'll mal.
:Per ill rheon, ill cofaeth e lla leir es ill tew, per segl e segl.

==Kerno==

:a Phazeoir Nusteor que bias 'n y ceues;
:foreth noef il tew nom;
:gouenyes il tew camouils;
:foreth fès la teva gouoluntáts
:en lâ derra cuomo 'ny ceues;
:danos-el osdia le nusteor panèn cuotidièn;
:dimeti y nusteor dheuz
:cuomo dimitemus ai nusteor dheutoeres;
:et ne nus attrayer rhen al tentación,
:mays eliveránus des val.

==Old High Jermench==

:fatzar nôstar cî es in câlîs
:seiaz cunsantzîts noum twou
:wienaz rin twou
:seiaz cundahtûts wuontzats twâ
:siht in câl ah in zerra
:fân nôstar côsitân ta nous houd
:ez ferdouna nous ôdsa nôstra
:siht ez nus ferdounams ôdintîs nôstrîs
:ez nei nus intûtzas in zinhôn
:mâhs liura nus tei mâl

==Talarian==

:elemtilenopâtar
:sánctyata tawas xonomar-ca-he
:wewóytâ hanirfanar-ca-he
:pepelewórkâ tawas walar-ca-he
:hostanuššexomani-han-he
:elemtileno-han-he
:tatâhyata-me tâlcoteyel támtar-ca-he
:ffaffalyata-me mesas taipallanar-ca-he
:ffalmá cam taipallanar-ca-he
:anhaharxanyata-me çalarswwalana-ca-he
:roromyata-me tusar-te-he. Omen.

:Heavenly Father
:and blessed-be thy name
:and realised-be spiritual-Rest
:and fullydone-be thy will
:and Middle-World-in-the
:and Heavens-in-the
:and give us each-day godly-gift-the
:and wash us our spiritual-separation
:and we wash their spiritual-separation
:and burden-not us heavenly-adjudication-by
:and guide us evil-out-from

==LΙΝҀΟΥΑ LΟΥϹΑΡ / Loucarian==

:ΝЄΜЄΤ ϚΟϚΠЄІΤΟ ΠѠΔΙϹ ῙϹ ϹΑΤΑ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ : ЄΤΤΙ ΠЄJЄΤΟ ῙϹ:
:ЄΝΑΜϜЄΡϜЄΡ ΤΙΜ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ ϹΟΥΔЄΙЄΡЄ ΙϹΑ:
:ΑΒΒΑ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЄΝ ϚΑΜΑΥΑΝΑΜ ΝΑ
:ϘЄΔΔЄϹ ΑL ΝΟΜΟΝ ΔΙ ΤΙΜЄΤ
:ϚѠΠΠЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΟΥΜΜЄΝ ΔΙ ΤΙ ΠѠΔЄϘϹ ΦЄϹΤΙΝΑΜ
:ΟΥΤΤΑΤΟ ϜΑΔ ΑL ΑLΦΑϹ ΔΙ ΤΙ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΤΙΡ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΠΑΡΑΔЄΙϚΙΑΜ
:ϹϜЄΡϹΑΡЄ ΤΙ ΑΔΙϹ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЮΤΙΜ ΑL ΠΟΥΝΤΙΜ ϹΑϚϹΟΥΜНΝЄϹ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ
:ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΑL ΙϹΑΙϹΑ ΝΟΒΟΝ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ϘΟΥЄΜ ΝΑϹ ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΑΜΑΔЄΡΑΜ ΔΙ ΝЄϚϚЄΡ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔΟΥϹЄΡЄ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔΙϹ ΠЄΙΡΑϚΜΟΜ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔН ϹѠΙΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔ ΙΝJΟΥΔΙϚϚΙΑΜ. ѨΜΙΝ.

:They ask to Jesus concerning to pray; and said Jesus:
:Whenever you pray say this:
:Father of us in-heaven-in
:holy the name of you
:become the heavenly-realm of you with fast
:go done the will of you as in the earth as in the paradise
:give you towards us today the bread of-everyday of us
:wipe-away you the this-here sin of us as we wipe-away the sinship of them
:do-not lead us towards temptation
:do-not but put you us to trial. amen.

==(Modern) Ialacian==

:Yamono Fadatheudeur inmiso hedeveudeun,
:leteyim no nekem bi aneurshta.
:Leteyim no kidingdeudeum kam,
:leteyim kiena waonteyim fu hapeun bi dushta
:onmiso eukeurtheu asoru biya dushta inmiso hedeveudeun.
:Giveyim pamo tisoneun yamono neunlimiso beurekedeu.
:Forgiveyim pamo aru yamono sikinsi
:jesteumiso asoru haveyamo alsorumiso forgiveushta taseto kien sin agensteumiso pamo.
:Kipeyim pamo feurommiso faollinggeu intumiso sikin kienu biyamo tempeushta.
:Seiveyim pamo feurommiso lo iveulmung in;
:foru lo kidingdeudeum, lo padauweudeur, toru lo geulodoridi bi yimno, forueveurmiso. Amen.

==(Modern) Avelian==

:Camo no Fadatheudeur inmiseot hedeveudeun,
:cim letnida no netem bimnida-aneurnidayo.
:Cim letnida no kidingdeudeum kamao,
:cim letnida kimnat weontnida hapeunao bimnida-dumnidayo
:onmiseot euteurtheu cometeo ca bimnida-dumnidayo inmiseot hedeveudeun.
:Cim givnida camo koretien camo no tienlimiseot beureted.
:Cim forgivnida camo ateo camo no sitin
:jestmiseot cometeo camo alsuteomiseot forgivnijiyo il kim sinnida agenstmiseot camo.
:Cim kipnida camo feurommiseot feolshao intumiseot sitin kimnut camo bimnida-tempnidayo.
:Cim seivnida camo feurommiseot iveulmang il;
:feteo kidingdeudeum, padauweudeur, kuteo geulodoridi biseo cim no, kuteoeveurmiseot. Emen.

==Bu'ochia==

:Njosto padrón, kia asta an chiellium
:Chea sjen nom asta sancituri
:Chea sjen raliam venvi
:Chea sjen volosón asta naochi
:Ser terrum sem ser chiellium
:Dunnavi-noasta azi njosto pani je chachi uro
:Pardanvi njostosi ovenchuvati
:Ser noasta pardunomós achi ere ellum kia noasta uvos ovensuvasa
:Lel nen noasta inducha teminotium
:Masi leberani noasta ochje malum.
:Aminan

==[[Nyenglisk]]==

:Ár faður ín hevinað,
:Halóað er þín nam,
:þín kingdom kome,
:þín vil er makað,
:on erðað as ín hevinað.
:Give víð tilda ár dali bred.
:Forgive víð, ár sina
:As ví forgive þata, som sin eje víð
:Save ví fro tímiðum af trialað
:o delive ví fro ývilað
:[For kingdomiðum, páeriðum, o glóríðum er þíns ná o for evur. Amen.]

==[[Solaric]]==

:Fòrr ewo nhebn,
:neem Yöö yehöle,
:rüü Yöö yesiwoikèm
:weu Yöö yesiwoigeedü
:nadwol loi nhebn.
:yügevusye daalebreed ewo tadee.
:Yüfgevus eemyesen ewo,
:loi wifgevem daa deesen ngeets us.
:Yüseevys frè jentaam,
:an yübrengus frè ivu.
:[Kèz ödrüü, edpawo, 'n odgloi deeyööz
:nyo 'n freve. Amen.]

==Intrekómi==
:Món Pápa ínno ávno,
:ton nomí es holíninó,
:ton ressilénto komí,
:Te hi esóno finí,
:ono l’Érti se ínno ávno.
:Áttū ma’ món díni bréto sedí.
:Forgívū món sína per mas
:se ma forgíva la pópla ki sí kon mas.
:Sévū mas de l’hóro di triálo
:ve delíverū mas de la vílo.
:[Per la ressilénto, la póvro, ve la glóro es ton
:adéssi ve per etérni. Ámen.]

==Theudo==
:Than pár ágí,yrth thí inn yln,
:yrth than avn ádích ogam,
:Kumadth than unkrig ádích,
:Mymeridth than abad ádích,
:Onn jorder ek inn yln.
:Gefathí égí than yndé broth ágí
:ug yrdylathí égí thaí egání ágí,
:ek yrdylath égí étí dach égánath alyn égí.
:ug dá burdithí égí dá díchossen,
:ach durthí égí am drogh.
:[Lí yrth sy than unkrig ádích, than ubres ug than gylá. Líny ug y. Amen]

==[[Sandic]] (Kémani)==
:Pé da aŵ pa lēyar,
:Daeyui obatara béenú pé,
:Béno pé obaféd,
:Wîc pé obatoka,
:Ó ba imprîâ obatokara ŵhé pa ân.
:Ŵian ta damdabin jémohnin otiab opétora,
:Ta lenadabin aŵin otiab opéfama,
:Ta kémabin, ŵiab opur, otiab opéfama.
:Ŵian opéneot ma ân aŵtewîc ân ma dabin lenain,
:A ŵiab frn wîc ân ma dabin akenoin opéjjémz.
:[Pa skra jébi- Ba imprîâ frn pé batara, iné wî ba béno, iné wî ba auzeract,
:Gre kala, jéb obatara,]
:Lēamian

==[[Dmezk]]==

:Boja,
:Pani morosza muno metsa
:Muno motsekune asza
:Urhdu murez munazi otso numira fujarez arhmede,
:ko drokesza murez numira lofurajizy,
:Kru murez drokesza murez furetez dusz lek e murez muteke.
:Ko furetez murez enu umz ki dorake.

==[[Parra]]==
{|
|
:<center>''Latin:''</center>
:Papa denes, ce da a seli,
:Noma dedi esi santo fa fara.
:Sarso dedi fa veni,
:Vola dedi esi fa fara, tanta a sinla, tanta a seli.
:Ves den, xat de den per nos dada,
:E debiti denes perona, tanta nos perona emedebiti denes.
:E a temta nos ne conduşu,
:Ma nos escer de saló fara. Amén
||
:<center>''Cyrillic:''</center>
:Папа дэнэс кэ да а сэли,
:Нома дэди эси санто фа фара.
:Сарсо деди фа вени,
:Вола деди эси фа фара, танта а синла, танта а сэли.
:Вес ден, хат де ден пер нос дада,
:Э девити денес перона, танта нос перона эмэдебити денес.
:Э а тэмта нос нэ кондушу,
:Ма нос эскещэ дэ салӧ фара. Амӭн.
|}

==[[Kihā́mmic]]==
'''Kihā́mmic Millenium Bible'''

Gloss

'''9 Vámû náčûm hekóš fáz kašā́ etômá: mnốmô Dárat kétômô yû́n Yégkhāne sói, danamá tīdá sōramá séi.'''

9 You (n pl nom) have to (pres n pl) pray (inf) how (conj) according to (conj) this (f sing gen): our (m sing nom) Father (m sing nom) who (m sing nom) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (pres m sing), your (f sing nom) name (f sing nom) holy (f sing nom) be (pres f sing).

'''10 Ī́tnômô Yegašā́n ôfót, ī́tnûm yón lé Gántre yā́ yû́n Yégkhāne tróp verázamô.'''

10 Your (m sing nom) Kingdom (m sing nom) come (fut imp m sing), yours (m sing nom) on (prep) the (m sing prep) Earth (m sing prep) as (adv) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (fut imp m sing) do (past part m sing nom).

'''11 Klûrû́vû pā́dû yû́n étôme klûrét mámô stagaþố.'''

11 Daily (n sing nom) bread (n sing nom) on (prep) this (f sing prep) day (f sing prep) we (n pl all) give (imp m sing).

'''12 Yanošố mánômā solgkhámā yā́ mánômā solgkhonámā mámû yanû́m.'''

12 Pardon (imp m sing) our (m pl acc) debt (m pl acc) as (adv) our (m pl acc) debtor (m pl acc) we (n pl nom) pardon (pres n pl).

'''13 Ôyán nárstûnô mámā ôkradžôtố bán é ayán eutá mámā čulūtố paškomá ī́tnûm sói lố čanák é lố tūkál ə́tə tôvánə džā́zə. Amén.'''

13 To (prep) temptation (m sing all) we (n pl acc) lead (imp m sing) not (neg) and (conj) from (prep) evil (m sing abl) we (n pl acc) save (imp m sing) because (conj) yours (m sing nom) be (pres m sing) the (m sing nom) power (m sing nom) and (conj) the (m sing nom) glory (m sing nom) for (prep) all (m sing term) time (m sing term). Amen (adv).

==[[Hellingijø]]==
:anseraz faþiriz, hwaz in itim oranï biuziz,
:haggiðiz þinaz onamaz sijeza.
:þinaz bazilidomaz kwemiða,
:þinaz bulizi ana þe gerþi
:hwo ana þo oranï þuriða.
:anseraz hemerilikazini itini arþizi tohemeri gebeniza
:andi anseraz hamaritï sigihoriza,
:hwo wiz itini sundarï anagagin anziz sighoram.
:andi to itinø hagadomiziz de-agiza
:haldiz þinaz fram itinø ubiliziz siziza.
:amen.

==[[Aquarian]]==
:Ayter oosen, dar yas dh'indra,
:Wennick yas ya hennell ov;
:Erras a h-affy hoyrick ov;
:Voon erreth surrys;
:Ar channal, say ar indra.
:Acketh y'oos keenow gakeener scran os.
:Ga vargeth y'oos affickes os,
:Sinda chy a vargy heem dar affickash dhe goorth oos.
:Ga harrenneth y'oos nee dhe gunther;
:Madge nashneemeth y'oos oo leen.
:Amen.

==[[Tanrian]]==
:'''Patro Nostra''' - ''(a version)''
:Patro nostra, qui esta in ceal
:Santificat esta nomen teu
:Regno teu venira
:Voro teu sera fazut
:Sur Terra ca esta in ceal
:Donez a noi hodia nostra pan omnidia
:E ieştaz nostras debitos
:Ca ieştam nostras debitores
:E noi duçez non in tentazio,
:Ma noi liberaz del malezza.
:Amen

== [[Sdrawkcab]] ==

:Ruo rehtaf, ohw si ni nevaeh,
:Dewollah eb yht enam,
:Yht modgnik emoc,
:Yht lliw eb enod,
:No Htrae sa ti si ni Nevaeh
:Evig su siht yad ruo yliad daerb,
:Dna evigrof su ruo snis,
:Sa ew evigrof esoht ohw nis tsniaga su.
:Dael su ton otni noitatpmet,
:Tub reviled su morf live,
:Rof eniht si eht modgnik, eht werop dna eht yrolg,
:Rof reve dna reve,
:Nema!

==[[Bisla'ikh]]==

'''''In Bisla'ikh Script'''''
----

:Дӑтэвӑнђоҏю, ќерђКӑлэӑн,
:Овэеђэда кӑлэмӑнта,
:Ќоралусвађэда, ҏэвӑнђадтеђбува,
:Дежэђэда, гушанђэда, ҏантэнкђаҏђбувӑ,
:ГтюђЭҏпэх, лэкэнӑ скђКӑлэӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн левенӑ павђлучӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн сэќ спучӑшђэда,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн мусэнђэда,
:Ос лунӑмачэђэда скђоҏю эн мусэнђэда, ю мусэнђоҏюђбувӑ обаяђеда!
:Спрэнкђэдађбувӑ веж скђмӑлхӑнӑ, эмп cпрэнкђэдађбувӑ ҏобуђковӑтэ ос ҏобуђмӑлхӑнӑ!
:Аҏ Ќоралусвађэда, энугяђэда, сэќђэда,
:Яу сэќоҏу,
:Cпӑяђэду!

'''''In Roman Script'''''
----

:Dativan'orryu, xer'Kalian,
:Ovie'idu kalimanthu,
:Xorulirsvu'idu, rrivan'udthe'birva,
:Dezhi'idu, girshun'idu, rrunthing'urr'birva,
:Gthyu'Irrfikh, likina sg'Kalian,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in levena puv'lirchan,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in six sfirchash'idu,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu,
:Os lirnamuchi'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu, yu mirsin'orryu'birva obuya'idu!
:Sfring'idu'birva vezh sg'malkhana, imf sfring'idu'birva rrobir'kovati os rrobir'malkhana!
:Urr Xorulirsvu'idu, inirgya'idu, six'idu,
:Yair sixorrir,
:Sfaya'idir!

'''''Translation'''''
----

:Our father, in heaven,
:Your name is Sacred,
:Your kingdom, it comes,
:Your wants, your needs, they shall occur,
:On earth, similar to heaven,
:you give to us now the bread of life,
:You give to us all your compassion,
:You give to us now your forgiveness,
:and you teach to us forgiveness, so we will forgive as you!
:You will not lead us to evil, but you will lead us from temptation, and evil!
:they are your Kingdom, Your power, your all,
:For all time,
:I pray!

==[[Qi (Irfikian Language) | Qi]]==

The Prayer to Sola: The 'lord's prayer' equivalent in the Qilan religion of Solarriam

'''''Qi'a Script:'''''

[[File:Prayer_to_Sola.png]]

'''''Transliteration with Grammar points:'''''

:nalo'áf qi'no a'a so'la o'za no'ó-dá'ó
:''pray we to sola on day(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó da'sana'i lí'di qo'va
:''(adv)continuous shine his light''
:ni'vi'da lí'di vo'o'o qi'no va'lo si'í'i si'a qo'va si'a qo'novir
:''fill he lives our with joy and light and warmth''
:razina'lo'on lí'di va'siro'á na'la
:''bring forth he plants all!''
:fazi'i'os lí'di qa'a'vo'o-i'aza-dá'ó
:''sustain he herd(pl)(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó ni'vi'la'á lí'di va'lo si'zaroni'i qi'no
:''(adv)continuous provide he us with necessities our''
:a'a nazilo'o'a si'a ri'ad
:''to eternity and day''
:qa'asno'oq qi'no li'a'a
:''salute we you''
:va'la'a'í!
:''Prosper!''

'''''Proper translation:'''''

:We pray to sola on this day,
:That his light may continuously shine.
:May he fill our lives with joy, light and warmth
:May he bring forth all plants,
:May he sustain the herds
:May he continuously provide us with what we need
:For eternity and a day
:For we salute you
:Prosper!

==[[Volapük]]==
'''Volapük Rigik - Original Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binon paisaludomöz nem ola!
:Kömomöd monargän ola!
:Jenomöz vil olik, äs in sül, i su tal!
:Bodi obsik vädeliki givolös obes adelo!
:E pardolös obes debis obsik,
:äs id obs aipardobs debeles obas.
:E no obis nindukolös in tendadi;
:sod aidalivolös obis de bad.
:Jenosöd!

'''Volapük Nulik - New Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binol in süls! Nem olik pasalüdükonöd!
:Regän ola kömonöd!
:Vil olik jenonöd, äsä in sül, i su tal!
:Givolös obes adelo bodi aldelik obsik!
:E pardolös obes döbotis obsik,
:äsä i obs pardobs utanes, kels edöbons kol obs.
:E no blufodolös obis,
:ab livükolös obis de bad!
:(Ibä dutons lü ol regän, e nämäd e glor jü ün laidüp.)
:So binosös!

==Todamese==

By [[User:Xadrezo|xadrezo]]

:Meqas up thèladzh [mɛqas up θəladʒ]
:wedy qiv [wɛɟ qiv]
:wey ily [wɛj iʎ]
:odh wediv [ɔð wɛdiv]
:ladzhav thècc [ladʒav θəɕ]
:ow melcadzhapyitsh [ɔw mɛʟadʒapjitʃ]
:ow um ywethèmevits [ɔw um ɥɛθəmɛvits]
:èwh om udh ywethèdhevits [əʍ ɔm uð ɥɛθəðɛvits]
:ow kèm ywethèqgadily [ɔw kɛm ɥɛθəðɛɢadiʎ]
:èwh ow kèny fadzhiv [əʍ ɔw kəɲ fadʒiv]
:èq. [əq]

==[[Calcoradish]]==

[[File:Calcoradish sample text (Lord's prayer).jpg|500px]]

*Latin transcription
:Chém e starden

:Vem stár, edur sór agøis sym naeth; a yidur.
:Yidur dræs vem sǿdur e zøch vendur ǿl nabel.
:Yidur dræs vem volnadúr ol zøch vendur adenǽl.
:Yidur dræs vem lygor e zøch vendur nagǿl aver laghne, den andur aver naeth.
:Zøch fegois e odetol vem yidur codurnedem.
:Zøch adegois e cǽge edur yidur modelaer e chter, corem edur yidur adegedoer vem modenódel e agor yidur.
:Zøch dois gorendrǽl e yidur, em decæis yidur gór modhem.
:Volnadúr em voldor em graneth tordýr e zøch triondor.
:Amen.

==[[Labwese]]==
:Getuz-sovex'Vatu pwo njebex,
:getuz-detu'imje sanktifikate;
:riz-detu'Krolete xri sovex;
:faz-detu'Vile pwo zemlje kil pwo njebe.
:Siwodnja daz-detu sovex'xlote;
:e prastjez-detu sovex'deptex,
:kil prastjez-sovex sovex'deptekex;
:njok perlimjez-detu folz pwo temptatje,
:e rifekez-detu takuj ploxje.
:Amen.

==[[Mentolatian]]==
:zan paher, qua-dauv fí-jeuwof dauv og-quarmenom:
:our father, TOP.you, in the heavens you (be-)where

:nin-fêtyom quesam omfi-secchyom, perem fí-jeuwof i-dvan,
:down-gaze and about-look, from in heavens your,

:arjjaguz quesam cuscuw, dauv:
:blessed and lovely, you

:qua-varam pahera i-zan qua-dauv siyymnom quesam le-nes dauv khoelyos:
:TOP.truth father of us indeed you are and ACC.us you make.whole

:qua-náman i-dvan, yisam he arjjagmenem:
:TOP.name your, that-in.particular it (is) blessed

:qua-reget i-dvan, yisam he nin-wanmnem:
:TOP.realm your, that-in.particular it down-come

:qua-wallwan i-dvan, yisam he tintenmnem:
:TOP.will your, that-in.partic it be beautifully done

:nô ôg-jájomd og-qua-jwí-nô:
:as loc.Gea loc.TOP.Heavens as

:qua-sómat i-zan, cabyôm dauv le-he on-nes yiyi og-yi-sunnu:
:TOP.bread.for.the.day of us, give you ACC.it DAT.us that LOC.this.sun/day

:qua-erufezzí i-zan, nô suwatyôm dauv qua-nes, hessam nes suwatyos nô:
:TOP.sins of-us, as wash.clean you TOP.us, them we wash.clean as

:n-dlatem sem le-nes on-piscamat dauv:
:NEG.put NEG ACC.us DAT.trial you

:rats dlatem le-budem de-yi-tartar:
:quicker send ACC.evil to-that-yonder (away)

:n-wanmnem sem og-nes sem nenfâs.
:NEG.come NEG among-us no evil-doing

==[[Roguel]]==
[[File:Pater-noster-roguel.PNG]]
:Andon burcuetnya sigie burcuteget:
:Ronetlinete Attokorutyo,
:ansiradiyabek ec'ungut,
:onabek t'amanextangut,
:hanyiptabek lhardagut,
:ronde hanodeder.
:Unarihat pankorutit pirkoruma.
:Avelkorutna ripna,
:avelkepkorutna ripnakder.
:Pesadey dumirkorimat merey ik'adibikare.
:Guene t'amanextanek, hurotek, yomonek, kolganalnuk.
:Amen.

==[[Urban Basanawa]]==
Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食与うﾟと我等す今日
: 又ん赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えわ゜と我等之負者
: 又ん無率ど我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, geve to us fondag
: en fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergevet ur beshulders
: en ne leed us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho:p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho:p dai 'kiŋdəm 'ko:m/
: /'ho:p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik an hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho:p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:vət ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en ne 'li:t us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/
Note:
# the short vowels /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/ are frequently pronunced as [ɛ], [ɪ], [ɔ], [ʊ] respectively, especially in stressed vowels; the long vowel /a:/ is frequently pronunced as [ɑ:]
# the vowel in the suffix -dom(as in the word "kingdom") can be /o/ or /ə/.
# /ŋ/ is frequently pronunced as [ŋk] in syllable-final position.

==Koulesch==
: Fater Unser, der is ime himmel
: Geheiligt werde dain name
: dain raich kome
: dain wille gescheh
: auf erden wie ime himmel
: gib uns heyt unser tagliches brout
: und erlou unsere schulde
: wie wir erloun unsere schuldiger
: und fyyre uns nicht in fersuuchung
: aber befrai uns fomme ybel
: Amen

Pronunciation:
: /'fɑ:tər ʊnsər dɛr ɪs ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /g'he:lɪkt 'ʋɛrdə daɪn 'nɑ:mə/
: /daɪn 'raɪx 'ko:mə/
: /daɪn 'ʋɪl:ə g'ʃe:/
: /auf 'ɛrdən ʋi: ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /'gɪp ʊns 'hɛɪt ʊnsərə 'tɑ:klɪxəs 'bro:t/
: /ʊnt ər'lo: ʊnsərə 'ʃʊldə/
: /ʋi: ʋɪr ər'lo:n ʊnsərə 'ʃʊldɪgər/
: /ʊnt 'fi:rə ʊns nɪxt ɪn fər'su:xʊŋ/
: /abər b'fraɪ ʊns fomə 'i:bəl/
: /ɑ:mən/
Note:
# in Koulesch, /x/ is never pronunced as the voiceless palatal fricative [ç], even before or after front vowels.
# the copula "is" is also sometimes written as "ist", but the form "ist" is considered archaic or dialectical.

==Senjecas==
*9b: ɱúm cemenőm éna tąta̋: tu-fę̋to sa̋kaþo ı̋lo
:1-STA.SG | heaven-STA.PL | in | father-VOC.SG | your=name-NOM.SG | holy-IND-PPTCP-NOM.SG | become-SBJV
*10: tu-ręᵹta̋iɱa ǧe̋mo: tu-tőla kı̋aþa ı̋lo épa cemenőmk̬e v̌ętősk̬' éna
:your=kingdom-NOM.SG | come-SBJV | your=will-NOM.SG | do-IND-PPTCP-NOM.SG | become-SBJV | as | heaven-STA.PL-and | earth-STA.SG-and-ELIS | in
*11: ɱúm o sáhvi ɱúm sa̋ho k̬a̋zom dǫ̋e
:1-STA.PL | to this-day-ADV | 1-STA.PL | this-day | bread-MOT.SG | give-IMP
*12: ɱúm vų̋mon ɱum dų̋re épa ɱus ɱúm vų̋mlun dų̋ra
:1-STA.PL | debt-MOT.PL | 1-MOT.PL | debtor-MOT.PL | forgive-IND | as | 1-NOM.PL | 1-STA.PL | debtor-MOT.PL | forgive-IND
*13: xę̋lam | éna | ɱun | de̋uke | mę | þǫ́si | łąxta̋s | ápa | ɱun | še̋ve
: temptation-MOT.SG in 1-MOT.PL lead-IMP not but evil-STA.SG from 1-MOT.PL free-IMP
*hi | ręᵹta̋iɱak̬e | ɱa̋kak̬e | ṁa̋gok̬e | tús | o | še̋ðtam | éna | e̋sa
:for | kingdom-NOM.SG-and | power-NOM.SG-and | glory-NOM.SG-and | eternity | into | be-IND

=Alternative Writing System=
==[[Tower Orthography|Tawyr Oorthaagryfii]]==
*Erlii Maadyrn Ingglic (1662 BCP)
:Aur Fadhyr, witc art in Hevyn,
:Halood bii dhai Neem.
:Dhai Kingdym cym.
:Dhai wil bii dyn,
:in erth az it iz in Hevyn.
:Giv ys dhis dee aur deelii bred.
:And foorgiv ys aur trespasiz,
:Az wii foorgiv dhem dhat trespas ygenst ys.
:And liid ys naat intuu tempteetcyn;
:Byt dylivyr ys frym iivil.
:[Foor dhain iz dhy kingdym, dhy pawyr, and dhy gloorii,
:Foor ever and ever.] Amen.

==Mënk==
By [[User:Sam_s89|Sam_s89]]

*An alternative writing system for a Mancunian conlang, still in the early stages of development.
:Ë të-afse,
:Wah bÿ n Elÿsÿum,
:Fntastk bÿ je næm.
:Je tym kum
:Je wanh bÿ tun
:N ve Näf n Elÿsÿum.
:Gf wÿ ttæ ë clep
:N fegyf ë prÿfjus
:N wÿ ulfegyf veh wah prÿfjus wÿ
:N tunt sent wÿ nefe temcun
:But tlyfe wÿ frm ÿfyl
:[Fe Elÿsÿum, ve pë n glary bÿ ja, në n frefe]
:Ëmn

==[['Ingglish|Íngglish]]==
By [[User:Personak|personak]].

*King Dgeimzs Vurczén (King James Version)
:Aur fáadhur,
:Which aart in héeven,
:Háaloud bii dhai neim.
:Dhai kíngdem kuom,
:Dhai wil bii duon on Urth,
:Azs it izs in héeven.
:Giv uos dhis dei aur déiliy breed.
:And fourgív uos aur deets,
:As wii fourgív aur déeterzs.
:And liid uos not íntuu teemptéicsen,
:Buot delíver uos fruom íivel:
:Four dhain izs dhe kíngdem, and dhe páuwer, and dhe glóuriy, fouréver.
:Éimeen.

[[Category:Texts]]

Our Father

2015-05-14T19:41:57Z

K1234567890y: /* Urban Basanawa */

'''Our Father''', also known as the '''Lord's Prayer''', is a widely-known prayer of Christianity. It is used by linguists and conlangers for comparing the differences between languages. In many cases it is also called the '''Pater Noster''' because of the widespread use of Latin in the Church. There are even [[Runes|Runic]] inscriptions in Latin along the lines of "say a Pater Noster for so-and-so's soul."

=Natlangs=
==[[Romance Languages]]==
===Latin===
:Pater noster, qui es in caelis:
:sanctificetur Nomen Tuum;
:adveniat Regnum Tuum;
:fiat voluntas Tua,
:sicut in caelo, et in terra.
:Panem nostrum cotidianum da nobis hodie;
:et dimitte nobis debita nostra,
:Sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris;
:et ne nos inducas in tentationem;
:sed libera nos a Malo.

===[[Spanish]]===
:Padre nuestro, que estás en los cielos,
:santificado sea tu Nombre;
:venga tu Reino;
:hágase tu Voluntad,
:así en la tierra como en el cielo.
:Nuestro pan cotidiano dánosle hoy;
:y perdónanos nuestras deudas,
:así como nosotros hemos perdonado a nuestros deudores;
:no nos dejes caer en tentación,
:mas líbranos del mal.
:Amén.

==[[Germanic languages]]==
===[[High German]]===
:Vater Unser im Himmel,
:Geheiligt werde Dein Name,
:Dein Reich komme.
:Dein Wille geschehe,
:Wie im Himmel, so auf Erden.
:Unser tägliches Brot gib uns heute,
:Und vergib uns unsere Schuld,
:Wie auch wir vergeben unseren Schuldigern.
:Und führe uns nicht in Versuchung,
:Sondern erlöse uns von dem Bösen.
:Denn Dein ist das Reich und die Kraft
:und die Herrlichkeit, in Ewigkeit.
:Amen.

===[[Dutch]]===
:Onze Vader,
:die in de hemelen zijt,
:geheiligd zij Uw naam.
:Uw rijk kome,
:Uw wil geschiede op aarde als in de hemel.
:Geef ons heden ons dagelijks brood,
:en vergeef ons onze schulden,
:gelijk ook wij vergeven aan onze schuldenaren.
:En leid ons niet in bekoring,
:maar verlos ons van het kwade.

===[[Modern English]] ELLC (1988)===
:Our Father in heaven,
:hallowed be your name,
:your kingdom come,
:your will be done,
:on earth as in heaven.
:Give us today our daily bread.
:Forgive us our sins
:as we forgive those who sin against us.
:Save us from the time of trial
:and deliver us from evil.
:[For the kingdom, the power, and the glory are yours
:now and for ever. Amen.]

===[[Early Modern English]] (1662 BCP)===
:Our Father, which art in Heaven,
:Hallowed be thy Name.
:Thy Kingdom come.
:Thy will be done,
:in earth as it is in Heaven.
:Give us this day our daily bread.
:And forgive us our trespasses,
:As we forgive them that trespass against us.
:And lead us not into temptation;
:But deliver us from evil.
:[For thine is the kingdom, The power, and the glory,
:For ever and ever.] Amen.

===[[Middle English]]===
:Fader ure ðatt art in hevene blisse,
:Ðin hege name itt wurðe bliscedd,
:Cumen itt mote ði kingdom,
:Ðin hali wil it be al don,
:In heven and in erðe all so,
:So itt sall ben ful wel ic to;
:Gif us alle one ðis dai,
:Ure bred of iche dai,
:And forgive us ure sinne,
:Als we don ure wiðerwinnes:
:Leet us noct in fondlinge fall,
:Ooc fro ivel ðu sild us alle. Amen.

===[[Anglo-Saxon]]===
:Fæder ūre, þū eart on heofonum:
:sī þīn nama ȝehāȝlod.
:Tōbecume þīn rīce.
:Ȝeƿeorþe þīn ƿilla
:on eorþan sƿāsƿā on heofonum.
:Ūre dæȝhƿāmlican hlāf sielle ūs tō dæȝe.
:And forȝief ūs ūre ȝyltas
:sƿāsƿā ƿē forȝiefaþ ūrum ȝyltendem.
:And ne ȝelǣd þū on costnunȝe,
:ac ālīes ūs of yfele.

===[[Norwegian]]===
:Fader vår, du som er i himmelen!
:Helliget vorde ditt navn;
:komme ditt rike;
:skje din vilje,
:som i himmelen, så og på jorden;
:gi oss idag vårt daglige brød;
:og forlat oss vår skyld,
:som vi og forlater våre skyldnere;
:og led oss ikke inn i fristelse;
:men fri oss fra det onde.
:For riket er ditt,
:og makten og æren i evighet.
:Amen.

==[[Celtic Languages]]==

===[[Proto-Gallo-Brythonic]]===
:Asron atīr, esti·i̯o eni nemesi,
:noibos buu̯et tou anu̯an,
:ro·to·aχsāt tou rīgi̯on
:u̯reχtus tou au̯illos
:u̯or talamoni samalī eni nemesi.
:Asron baragon petidīi̯ācon dā snūs sindīu̯on.
:Matu̯ī snūs asron dligetā,
:samalī i̯on matu̯imos asron dligeti̯obo,
:ne·c snīs wede dū u̯osagitē,
:eχtos snīs dīlunge au u̯allū.
:Amen.

=Conlangs=

Feel free to add Lord's prayer in your conlangs' version here.

==[[Aingeljã]]==
Nou Pare, qwe ets nou cell, 
qwe santificat eh vou nome, 
qwe vene a nos vou reixĩ. 
Qwe eh façata va voluntà, 
tant na terra com nou cell. 
Donat-nus hogge nou pã qwotiggãn 
e pardonat-nus nas ofensas, 
com tantbain nos pardonèms qwĩns ofensen-nus. 
E nõ deixat-nus cadre na tentazõn 
e lluwerat-nus dou Mal. 
Amain. 

==[[Altherkin Itak]]==
[[File:Our_Father_-_Altherkin_Itak_-_Script_4.JPG]]

:Jia'meh Abbous Jeon'yajeo naebu de, namaewae Yi beilahjeon ang de.
:Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi beilah.
:Jikan fotei, dei'fover Yi werben no Jeo e'ea Jeon'yajeo naebu.
:Deikan ima e'ea deikan'mej, lat warei kae'a jia'meh nimo.
:Luswerzya luswer jia'meh paliya. Warei ahsu luswer luswerzya dei'fover nyan.
:Yi beilah nei warei jianxi werben dili, da'a'te Yi warei proteto detei luswer paliya.
:(Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi ang de, ta Jeonji, e'ea ta pa'a'me, por jikan fotei mej.)
:Ohmaen

:Our Father Heaven inside is, name you holy it is.
:Land of God your exist.
:Time future, intent you act of Earth and Heaven inside.
:Today and every day, To us bread our give.
:Forget sins our please. We their sin forget intend also.
:You "To be" no us cause "to act" bad, but you us protect from sin please.
:(Land of God yours it is, The divine power, and the glory, for time future all.)
:Amen

[http://www.facebook.com/v/2682096943833 Hear it read by Motonjia (external Link)]

==[[Arkhæn | Arkhæn]]==
A Prayer to The Psynecerion, a polytheistic "Lord's Prayer" equivalent in the religion of Kareigăn-Hæx religion.

=== Modern Arkhæn Alkavăht Script ===
[[File:Arkhaen_Lordprayer.PNG]]

=== Romanized: ===
:Keir præhăm mhe jzakar Yfikt Sehri,
:Hoth amăn khăma taiku Hæx, ara Gaateni
:Keir amăn ir ăndrgaaten, keir flær dhe vari, mhe garăm deru cogan dhe miyar kædi
:Mhe kariar ăz i ăn ara zeidu joirk ak mhe mujes jzakar haqeinan dhe hjaani
:Măhdi keir suod zăn hoth adr, măhdi keir anămi zăn hoth adr,
:Mhe ghejz haqeinan zuk i ăn ăhsl dyhijoi
:Măhdi hoth gaate qajoi dyhijoi mhe mujes jzakar kanrqeinăn avarkhe
:Măhdi ăhsl mhe takad kăhkănen dhe jzakar ræhi dhe hjaani ak dhe jzakr Kareigăn-Hæx.
:Aze Takădi!

=== Translation: ===
:We pray to the Perfect Ones,
:They who came from Six, our creators
:We who are subservient, we ask of them, to lend us some of their strength
:To carry on our daily tasks and to keep the balance of nature
:May we live as they do, may we die as they do, to bring balance upon all worlds
:May they create more worlds to drive the imbalance away.
:May all to be enlightened of the ways of nature and of the Original Six.
:Aze Takadi! (both a greeting gesture as well as a sort of "amen")

==[[The World|Avantimanisc]]==
:Oure fadêr that be yn heuenerihhe;
:sende ye-hallawet thin namô;
:cwem te thin rihhdomaz;
:sende thin wellez ye-dôn swo yn medwaralde swo yn heuenam;
:yef ôs on te daye oure ĳelckday susteynavant;
:ande ôs foryef oure detes,
:swo we foryef te oure detendam;
:ande ne lîth ôs nouwt te thon castynge,
:but framward-ôs-lôs fram euele.

==Esperanto==
:Patro nia, kiu estas en la ĉielo,
:sanktigata estu Via nomo.
:Venu Via regno.
:Fariĝu Via volo,
:kiel en la ĉielo, tiel ankaŭ sur la tero.
:Nian panon ĉiutagan donu al ni hodiaŭ.
:Kaj pardonu al ni niajn ŝuldojn,
:kiel ankaŭ ni pardonas al niaj ŝuldantoj.
:Kaj ne konduku nin en tenton,
:sed liberigu nin de la malbono.
:(Ĉar Via estas la regno kaj la potenco
:kaj la gloro eterne.)
:Amen.

==[[Háfrig]]==
:Kes Etâr, qwin il eskáleo ri,
:genomentuz i missild,
:offimmoz i tis agenir,
:geroz i tis élekk,
:léda l-eskálio, śo l-edzúroro si.
:Forventikál vekánandum dontiz káj píl,
:et offűliz i bêtgánandu,
:léda ke s’ offűlam i h-inóvand bêtdífendo.
:E gin véliz kum kojsitána,
:ak gemojgiriz i vultími.
:(Dé tis i h-agenir, i forrel e l-iskür forvenâk.)
:Roz ö-gen.

==Lojban==
:doi cevrirni.iu noi zvati le do cevzda do'u fu'e .aicai .e'ecai lo do cmene ru'i censa
:.i le do nobli turni be la ter. ku se cfari
:.i loi do se djica ba snada mulno vi'e le cevzda .e .a'o la ter.
:.i fu'e .e'o ko dunda ca le cabdei le ri nanba mi'a
:.i ko fraxu mi loi ri zu'o palci
:.ijo mi fraxu roda poi pacyzu'e xrani mi
:.i ko lidne mi fa'anai loi pacyxlu
:.i ko sepri'a mi loi palci
:.i .uicai ni'i loi se turni .e loi vlipa .e loi mi'orselsi'a cu me le do romei
:fa'o

==[[Anoé]]==

:,nul-((fuuilat-en-ia)-él-éltil)

:efma-en-ve fi-atfalit tléé

:((tintom-en-ve fi-ulaat tléé

:uuifó-en-ve fó-én-aé)

:an-(Earth)-fn-(al-ló-él-éltil)).

:,ve ie-aile-ufuium li-aten-óf-(ailu)-at-ia.

:,ve felien-en-ia éliuón-at-ia

:nif-(ia én-(laéen ia feliu) éliuón-at-al.

:,ve ia erian-ól-(ésélit-en-uilien)

:tléé ve ia erian-sééld.

:(fan ól-tintom tlé ól-élein tlé ól-aliaten (al-en-ve al

:ló-(et-tlé-néf)). ,fti-ló.)

==Classical Longrimol==
{{seealso|Longrimol}} by [[User:Longrim|Longrim]]

:Adhorom nedhúrer
:airalichy raivog
:therdhäil darandorog
:dhánäilichy malfog
:márchan nedhúrer
:gweltheljbantho-m'il
:jaldhtharvo-m'il
:oi thärvim mênjäldhim
:dhulro-m'il glastainúlong
:dhulro-m'il gruidhong.

:[find i dharandr-og cambadh-og asdago-og cwildhríl. Emín.]

==Classical Arithide==
{{seealso|Classical Arithide}} by [[User:Denihilonihil|Eugene]]
{{seealso|Arithide Sample Text Corpus}}

{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" width="66%"
|-
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Classical Arithide
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Late Classical Arithide
|-
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rignā, zōon saluminnum, histamosit illos ays. Egēra lisgas ays. Reskerosit deiros ays, halagum saluminnumena. Rignor emereto haror omer krerērō, a kansārērō irige syndrē, rīgisae syndirēnēs kansārena. On rege avgērērō thiftiae, nege rege magārērō vokirōn. Amen.
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rikin, saluminnum hero, histamesit illos ayn. Egura lisgas ayn. Reskeresit deiros ayn, halaginnum saluminnumena. Rikin emnatir haro omnat kreruras, nam kansaruras rīkae syndrē, rikisyndoris syndirēnēs kansariena. On riko avlataguras orgrei, nege riko magāruras vokyrōn. Amen.
|}

==Ellesklavan==
{{seealso|Ellesklavan}}

:vidrömü, ci eu en éfni,
:aolé eu tli nömü.
:tli řoyamü viyen.
:tli sřay eu fazi,
:en teřya é ža eu en éfni.
:dono no sé širu pasirana kotined.
:éti frocefi no trégepaseniran,
:kön no frocefi elehli ci trégepaseni kontri no.
:éti neu kleřtni pa no ostü betnosü;
:mé délifeř no dé džharag.
:(porceu lešé eu lé řoyamü, lé pufovřir, éti lé kloriyen,
:por tu éti tu) amné.

== Teeverb Kuluxem ==
{{seealso|Teeverb Kuluxem}}

Teeverb Kuluxem:

:Tuchomat Kulonar:
:Padre keeyuhn infadia, uba' nio shuuran,
:Tunatma kuyuhn echa' tubonflaken.
:Yaco-ubhiemna tukinglak kunoi tuyumya,
:Shem yaco-ubfin tupaj kunoi,
:Nio shutereen sima nio shuuran.
:Pal-ubofero tukwam kudiama kuval alt sheeyuhn;
:Shem pal-ubforglan teeyuhn sima okforglan teeotheeno;
:Vo pal-ubleedha teeyuhn alt shutemapta,
:Kief pal-ubforma okvan vaeem shupekitat;
:Tukinglak shem tufuertlas shem tuglameeka eshadda kunoi.
:Amen

Translation:

:The prayer of the Lord:
:The Father of Ours, who is in Heaven,
:Your name is great.
:Bring your kingdom here,
:And accomplish your plan,
:On Earth the same as in Heaven.
:Give us the food of this day;
:Forgive us the same as we forgive others;
:Do not lead us to temptation,
:But force us to go away from evil;
:The glory, the power and the glory are your's.
:Amen

==Thorsutian==
{{seealso|Thorsutian}}

:Man baset, cus ёd nё parasje,
:ёsmardzsёn ёdur xjen zavke.
:Xjen mёbraţje rikas.
:Xjen zsёdu çozid,
:ёn toke siç ёd tho parasjud.
:Jat maţu ked ord man vorje bucje.
:E ţalis maţu man funёbartiv,
:siç maţ ţalёmi çadёk cus funёbart kurda maţu
:E pron maţu nok tho ёnarzsud,
:pas shonah maţu el necud,
:(ţa xjen ёl mёbraţi, uuzs, e strirren,
:ţa dadarma e dadarma.)
:Amen

==Tauro-Piscean==
{{seealso|Tauro-Piscean language}}

:Tet Fedä ëleêses, wa zï in Heofonem,
:¡Letan tet Namen janes clenê bean!
:Tet Kïnedom janes kum.
:¡Letan tet Willê janes dodê bean,
:Et Eëtenem tonnê in Heofonem!
:¡Jefan ëleêsen tode tet jedewamliken Bräden!
:¡And fëjefan ëleêsen te Jïêlten,
:Tonnê ëleês fëjef kvinem, dass makê Jïêlten!
:¡And ledan ëleêsen nat in Kostnungen,
:Ak beëjan ëleêsan fram Ïfeêlem!
:[Tï janes zï tet Kïnedom, tet Mït and tet Wöldë,
:To efä nes efä.] Sotlikê.

It is worth noting that the Tauro-Piscean language evolved into the (New) West Germanic language below.

==West Germanic==
{{seealso|West Germanic language}}

:Uɍę Ąldoɍ, tu tąt is in ħjovonųm,
:Si tin namę halaɉ.
:Kumę tin riŧę,
:Maŧiǫn tin wįleǫn up eɍdųm ék swa in ħjovonųm.
:Uɍę daɉliŧ lafǫn gįvǫn us todaɉ,
:ǫnd foɍgįvǫn us uɍę ſųldzǫn ék swa we foɍgįf uɍę ſųldaɉǫn.
:Ǫnd faɍǫn tu ųn in ħjan kǫstnųnðǫn, ak luzǫn ųn uvęlęnę.
:[Ųmbętąt tin is tąt riŧę, tąt miħt ǫnd tąt wųldoɍ,
:ąvɍweɍd eŧę.]
:Sodliŧę.

==Vityng by [[User:Schlaier|Schlaier]]==
{{seealso|Vityng}}
{{seealso|Vityng our Father}}

:fæðirr óssa, hvem ar i himinn
:nama þinn ver hǽlge
:kónungrikk þinn ver gaður
:øskja þinn ver skaftur
:an eorð og sva i himinn.
:ǿssi gefar dægglykur brǿð óssa, þessa dagg.
:og synni óssa grætar óss
:sva varr grætum þætt ƕað skap synni an ǿssi
:i nǿðen lǽðarna óss
:og fram yfil takar óss.
:sænnlykur.

==Nytal==
{{seealso|Nytal}}
{{seealso|Nytal biblical texts}}

:Babu ni la, ki ad’jo ju ojl 
:Ni la a’šijnt noym Ok 
:Nori sliknost Ok 
:Ni la a’nut ehoj Ok 
:Iknijt ju ojl, Iknijt sjep bajus vsi 
:Ole tyahri er ni la ejs ni la 
:A vlup er ni la le finans ni la 
:Iknijt gek ni la a’vlup er le mefinanser ni la 
:A ta nenijt ni la ka medoljem 
:U vrij ni la de olim 
::Amen

==Lánc==
{{seealso|Lánc}}

:Vojun nát, eráv bálot
:Townon úk svútutolas
:Townon krišpót atja
:Townon šalja toljas
:Džú bálot džu pánot
:Lakfadžo vojay vojunon banfadžáro bágwo kál
:Ši vojay vojunyojon plačoy gwalč
:Džu vój vojunyajon plajačanay mijo gwalčen
:Ši vojo onás gorávtjámás ét majv
:Ýbo vojo ód ono gráwno nálutol.
:Amen

==[[Leet_Speak|L337 5q34Ҟ]]==

:0ύЯ ph4th3r N ん3\/N,
:L33+ 1z ur N￥m,
:ur Ӄ1n6|)0mz h3Я3 nao,
:u 90んん4 cl00 vv47 u w4んん4 cl00,
:0n 34r+ん L13k n ん3\/N.
:L37z 34+ 2d4y l13k d4 07hЯ d31,
:461v h0w3r fragz & pks plz,
:& wii vv1LL 461v3 d4 w0nz dat phr4993d u5.
:$4v3 uz phr0m d4 fl00d,
:& 41$0 phr0m d4 L337 3v!|_.
:4ym3んz.

==Lišěč==
{{seealso|Lišěč}}
{|
|
:<center>'''''Latin alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Fial Ipa, ktõr õłokotë tajväka
:sanktakammë leel nimien
:mënnajast leel küningrik
:tĕdaekemmë leel vylen
:śo tajväka, śo mälmake
:đnes antajatë fiam đnesmasen lĕjpäen
:õnt fergepejetë fial velkĕnesen
:śo fi fergepekemmë fial velketelnesem
:õnt ĕłi oğiatojotë ferśukedenë
:õnt svobõdojotë fian pakadaţë
:Amen
||
:<center>'''''Cyrillic alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Фиал Ипа, ктõр õљокотё тайвäка
:санктакаммё леел нимиен
:мённайаст леел кÿнингрик
:тĕдаекеммё леел вылен
:зо тайвäка, зо мäлмаке
:ћнес антайатё фиам ћнесмасен лĕйпäен
:õнт фергепейетё фиал велкĕнесен
:зо фи фергепекеммё фиал велкетелнесем
:õнт ĕљи ођиатойотё ферзукеденё
:õнт свобõдойотё фиан пакадаθё
:Амен
|}

==Keβag==
{{seealso|Keβag}}

:Fät man, lë beş ë pöt taɸ ë nheμet'
:lo seintsat ë seɸot'u ðo
:qeşa e dewönhoxul ðo
:ër sat'a ë pełäk do
:aże taɸ ë nheμet', aże taɸ ë nhujm'
:ovinë manheşë ekys ë nałecu ekyşoru μan
:cë danosë en μyg μan
:lo danos aże en μyɣocuv μan
:cë μë phonë manhëm taɸ ë rhejżaxaş
:aca püksatё manhëm renh e-ekwaň.
:Amen

==Teycil==
{{seealso|Teycil}}
:Paycil, jsomnajs hœjcoir væ
:zulev jsuveno lea
:ga ayro bolmadanev
:malev nā lea
:jsomnajs me ehrenajs
:moljga luie molojzunour mujxel ga beih
:me jqœnūl ga gjrebeih
:polajs-ajga jqœnosæcūl gjrebō lea
:me pîrojgīne xo le ga doikot vā
:tu jræsīne jcon le ga jzineih vā
:Amēn

==Nician==
{{seealso|Nician}}

:'''Il nost pat'''

:Il nost pat, chi ses nis ceis,
:Saintifcat sie’l tu nom.
:Venì’l tu regn.
:Se face la tue volontat,
:Nis ceis com sope la terre.
:Oz dànos il nost pan cottizan.
:E dimìttenos is nosts dèvits,
:Com ezze nos dimittius ais nosts devitoes.
:E n’indùcenos in teumtazion,
:Veò lìveanos da male.

==Brithenig==

:Nustr Padr, ke sia i llo chel,
:sia senghid tew nôn,
:gwein tew rheon,
:sia ffaeth tew wolont,
:syrs lla der sig i llo chel.
:Dun nustr pan diwrnal a nu h-eidd;
:e pharddun llo nustr phechad a nu,
:si nu pharddunan llo nustr phechad.
:E salw nu di'll temp di drial,
:mai llifr nu di'll mal.
:Per ill rheon, ill cofaeth e lla leir es ill tew, per segl e segl.

==Kerno==

:a Phazeoir Nusteor que bias 'n y ceues;
:foreth noef il tew nom;
:gouenyes il tew camouils;
:foreth fès la teva gouoluntáts
:en lâ derra cuomo 'ny ceues;
:danos-el osdia le nusteor panèn cuotidièn;
:dimeti y nusteor dheuz
:cuomo dimitemus ai nusteor dheutoeres;
:et ne nus attrayer rhen al tentación,
:mays eliveránus des val.

==Old High Jermench==

:fatzar nôstar cî es in câlîs
:seiaz cunsantzîts noum twou
:wienaz rin twou
:seiaz cundahtûts wuontzats twâ
:siht in câl ah in zerra
:fân nôstar côsitân ta nous houd
:ez ferdouna nous ôdsa nôstra
:siht ez nus ferdounams ôdintîs nôstrîs
:ez nei nus intûtzas in zinhôn
:mâhs liura nus tei mâl

==Talarian==

:elemtilenopâtar
:sánctyata tawas xonomar-ca-he
:wewóytâ hanirfanar-ca-he
:pepelewórkâ tawas walar-ca-he
:hostanuššexomani-han-he
:elemtileno-han-he
:tatâhyata-me tâlcoteyel támtar-ca-he
:ffaffalyata-me mesas taipallanar-ca-he
:ffalmá cam taipallanar-ca-he
:anhaharxanyata-me çalarswwalana-ca-he
:roromyata-me tusar-te-he. Omen.

:Heavenly Father
:and blessed-be thy name
:and realised-be spiritual-Rest
:and fullydone-be thy will
:and Middle-World-in-the
:and Heavens-in-the
:and give us each-day godly-gift-the
:and wash us our spiritual-separation
:and we wash their spiritual-separation
:and burden-not us heavenly-adjudication-by
:and guide us evil-out-from

==LΙΝҀΟΥΑ LΟΥϹΑΡ / Loucarian==

:ΝЄΜЄΤ ϚΟϚΠЄІΤΟ ΠѠΔΙϹ ῙϹ ϹΑΤΑ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ : ЄΤΤΙ ΠЄJЄΤΟ ῙϹ:
:ЄΝΑΜϜЄΡϜЄΡ ΤΙΜ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ ϹΟΥΔЄΙЄΡЄ ΙϹΑ:
:ΑΒΒΑ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЄΝ ϚΑΜΑΥΑΝΑΜ ΝΑ
:ϘЄΔΔЄϹ ΑL ΝΟΜΟΝ ΔΙ ΤΙΜЄΤ
:ϚѠΠΠЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΟΥΜΜЄΝ ΔΙ ΤΙ ΠѠΔЄϘϹ ΦЄϹΤΙΝΑΜ
:ΟΥΤΤΑΤΟ ϜΑΔ ΑL ΑLΦΑϹ ΔΙ ΤΙ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΤΙΡ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΠΑΡΑΔЄΙϚΙΑΜ
:ϹϜЄΡϹΑΡЄ ΤΙ ΑΔΙϹ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЮΤΙΜ ΑL ΠΟΥΝΤΙΜ ϹΑϚϹΟΥΜНΝЄϹ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ
:ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΑL ΙϹΑΙϹΑ ΝΟΒΟΝ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ϘΟΥЄΜ ΝΑϹ ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΑΜΑΔЄΡΑΜ ΔΙ ΝЄϚϚЄΡ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔΟΥϹЄΡЄ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔΙϹ ΠЄΙΡΑϚΜΟΜ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔН ϹѠΙΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔ ΙΝJΟΥΔΙϚϚΙΑΜ. ѨΜΙΝ.

:They ask to Jesus concerning to pray; and said Jesus:
:Whenever you pray say this:
:Father of us in-heaven-in
:holy the name of you
:become the heavenly-realm of you with fast
:go done the will of you as in the earth as in the paradise
:give you towards us today the bread of-everyday of us
:wipe-away you the this-here sin of us as we wipe-away the sinship of them
:do-not lead us towards temptation
:do-not but put you us to trial. amen.

==(Modern) Ialacian==

:Yamono Fadatheudeur inmiso hedeveudeun,
:leteyim no nekem bi aneurshta.
:Leteyim no kidingdeudeum kam,
:leteyim kiena waonteyim fu hapeun bi dushta
:onmiso eukeurtheu asoru biya dushta inmiso hedeveudeun.
:Giveyim pamo tisoneun yamono neunlimiso beurekedeu.
:Forgiveyim pamo aru yamono sikinsi
:jesteumiso asoru haveyamo alsorumiso forgiveushta taseto kien sin agensteumiso pamo.
:Kipeyim pamo feurommiso faollinggeu intumiso sikin kienu biyamo tempeushta.
:Seiveyim pamo feurommiso lo iveulmung in;
:foru lo kidingdeudeum, lo padauweudeur, toru lo geulodoridi bi yimno, forueveurmiso. Amen.

==(Modern) Avelian==

:Camo no Fadatheudeur inmiseot hedeveudeun,
:cim letnida no netem bimnida-aneurnidayo.
:Cim letnida no kidingdeudeum kamao,
:cim letnida kimnat weontnida hapeunao bimnida-dumnidayo
:onmiseot euteurtheu cometeo ca bimnida-dumnidayo inmiseot hedeveudeun.
:Cim givnida camo koretien camo no tienlimiseot beureted.
:Cim forgivnida camo ateo camo no sitin
:jestmiseot cometeo camo alsuteomiseot forgivnijiyo il kim sinnida agenstmiseot camo.
:Cim kipnida camo feurommiseot feolshao intumiseot sitin kimnut camo bimnida-tempnidayo.
:Cim seivnida camo feurommiseot iveulmang il;
:feteo kidingdeudeum, padauweudeur, kuteo geulodoridi biseo cim no, kuteoeveurmiseot. Emen.

==Bu'ochia==

:Njosto padrón, kia asta an chiellium
:Chea sjen nom asta sancituri
:Chea sjen raliam venvi
:Chea sjen volosón asta naochi
:Ser terrum sem ser chiellium
:Dunnavi-noasta azi njosto pani je chachi uro
:Pardanvi njostosi ovenchuvati
:Ser noasta pardunomós achi ere ellum kia noasta uvos ovensuvasa
:Lel nen noasta inducha teminotium
:Masi leberani noasta ochje malum.
:Aminan

==[[Nyenglisk]]==

:Ár faður ín hevinað,
:Halóað er þín nam,
:þín kingdom kome,
:þín vil er makað,
:on erðað as ín hevinað.
:Give víð tilda ár dali bred.
:Forgive víð, ár sina
:As ví forgive þata, som sin eje víð
:Save ví fro tímiðum af trialað
:o delive ví fro ývilað
:[For kingdomiðum, páeriðum, o glóríðum er þíns ná o for evur. Amen.]

==[[Solaric]]==

:Fòrr ewo nhebn,
:neem Yöö yehöle,
:rüü Yöö yesiwoikèm
:weu Yöö yesiwoigeedü
:nadwol loi nhebn.
:yügevusye daalebreed ewo tadee.
:Yüfgevus eemyesen ewo,
:loi wifgevem daa deesen ngeets us.
:Yüseevys frè jentaam,
:an yübrengus frè ivu.
:[Kèz ödrüü, edpawo, 'n odgloi deeyööz
:nyo 'n freve. Amen.]

==Intrekómi==
:Món Pápa ínno ávno,
:ton nomí es holíninó,
:ton ressilénto komí,
:Te hi esóno finí,
:ono l’Érti se ínno ávno.
:Áttū ma’ món díni bréto sedí.
:Forgívū món sína per mas
:se ma forgíva la pópla ki sí kon mas.
:Sévū mas de l’hóro di triálo
:ve delíverū mas de la vílo.
:[Per la ressilénto, la póvro, ve la glóro es ton
:adéssi ve per etérni. Ámen.]

==Theudo==
:Than pár ágí,yrth thí inn yln,
:yrth than avn ádích ogam,
:Kumadth than unkrig ádích,
:Mymeridth than abad ádích,
:Onn jorder ek inn yln.
:Gefathí égí than yndé broth ágí
:ug yrdylathí égí thaí egání ágí,
:ek yrdylath égí étí dach égánath alyn égí.
:ug dá burdithí égí dá díchossen,
:ach durthí égí am drogh.
:[Lí yrth sy than unkrig ádích, than ubres ug than gylá. Líny ug y. Amen]

==[[Sandic]] (Kémani)==
:Pé da aŵ pa lēyar,
:Daeyui obatara béenú pé,
:Béno pé obaféd,
:Wîc pé obatoka,
:Ó ba imprîâ obatokara ŵhé pa ân.
:Ŵian ta damdabin jémohnin otiab opétora,
:Ta lenadabin aŵin otiab opéfama,
:Ta kémabin, ŵiab opur, otiab opéfama.
:Ŵian opéneot ma ân aŵtewîc ân ma dabin lenain,
:A ŵiab frn wîc ân ma dabin akenoin opéjjémz.
:[Pa skra jébi- Ba imprîâ frn pé batara, iné wî ba béno, iné wî ba auzeract,
:Gre kala, jéb obatara,]
:Lēamian

==[[Dmezk]]==

:Boja,
:Pani morosza muno metsa
:Muno motsekune asza
:Urhdu murez munazi otso numira fujarez arhmede,
:ko drokesza murez numira lofurajizy,
:Kru murez drokesza murez furetez dusz lek e murez muteke.
:Ko furetez murez enu umz ki dorake.

==[[Parra]]==
{|
|
:<center>''Latin:''</center>
:Papa denes, ce da a seli,
:Noma dedi esi santo fa fara.
:Sarso dedi fa veni,
:Vola dedi esi fa fara, tanta a sinla, tanta a seli.
:Ves den, xat de den per nos dada,
:E debiti denes perona, tanta nos perona emedebiti denes.
:E a temta nos ne conduşu,
:Ma nos escer de saló fara. Amén
||
:<center>''Cyrillic:''</center>
:Папа дэнэс кэ да а сэли,
:Нома дэди эси санто фа фара.
:Сарсо деди фа вени,
:Вола деди эси фа фара, танта а синла, танта а сэли.
:Вес ден, хат де ден пер нос дада,
:Э девити денес перона, танта нос перона эмэдебити денес.
:Э а тэмта нос нэ кондушу,
:Ма нос эскещэ дэ салӧ фара. Амӭн.
|}

==[[Kihā́mmic]]==
'''Kihā́mmic Millenium Bible'''

Gloss

'''9 Vámû náčûm hekóš fáz kašā́ etômá: mnốmô Dárat kétômô yû́n Yégkhāne sói, danamá tīdá sōramá séi.'''

9 You (n pl nom) have to (pres n pl) pray (inf) how (conj) according to (conj) this (f sing gen): our (m sing nom) Father (m sing nom) who (m sing nom) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (pres m sing), your (f sing nom) name (f sing nom) holy (f sing nom) be (pres f sing).

'''10 Ī́tnômô Yegašā́n ôfót, ī́tnûm yón lé Gántre yā́ yû́n Yégkhāne tróp verázamô.'''

10 Your (m sing nom) Kingdom (m sing nom) come (fut imp m sing), yours (m sing nom) on (prep) the (m sing prep) Earth (m sing prep) as (adv) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (fut imp m sing) do (past part m sing nom).

'''11 Klûrû́vû pā́dû yû́n étôme klûrét mámô stagaþố.'''

11 Daily (n sing nom) bread (n sing nom) on (prep) this (f sing prep) day (f sing prep) we (n pl all) give (imp m sing).

'''12 Yanošố mánômā solgkhámā yā́ mánômā solgkhonámā mámû yanû́m.'''

12 Pardon (imp m sing) our (m pl acc) debt (m pl acc) as (adv) our (m pl acc) debtor (m pl acc) we (n pl nom) pardon (pres n pl).

'''13 Ôyán nárstûnô mámā ôkradžôtố bán é ayán eutá mámā čulūtố paškomá ī́tnûm sói lố čanák é lố tūkál ə́tə tôvánə džā́zə. Amén.'''

13 To (prep) temptation (m sing all) we (n pl acc) lead (imp m sing) not (neg) and (conj) from (prep) evil (m sing abl) we (n pl acc) save (imp m sing) because (conj) yours (m sing nom) be (pres m sing) the (m sing nom) power (m sing nom) and (conj) the (m sing nom) glory (m sing nom) for (prep) all (m sing term) time (m sing term). Amen (adv).

==[[Hellingijø]]==
:anseraz faþiriz, hwaz in itim oranï biuziz,
:haggiðiz þinaz onamaz sijeza.
:þinaz bazilidomaz kwemiða,
:þinaz bulizi ana þe gerþi
:hwo ana þo oranï þuriða.
:anseraz hemerilikazini itini arþizi tohemeri gebeniza
:andi anseraz hamaritï sigihoriza,
:hwo wiz itini sundarï anagagin anziz sighoram.
:andi to itinø hagadomiziz de-agiza
:haldiz þinaz fram itinø ubiliziz siziza.
:amen.

==[[Aquarian]]==
:Ayter oosen, dar yas dh'indra,
:Wennick yas ya hennell ov;
:Erras a h-affy hoyrick ov;
:Voon erreth surrys;
:Ar channal, say ar indra.
:Acketh y'oos keenow gakeener scran os.
:Ga vargeth y'oos affickes os,
:Sinda chy a vargy heem dar affickash dhe goorth oos.
:Ga harrenneth y'oos nee dhe gunther;
:Madge nashneemeth y'oos oo leen.
:Amen.

==[[Tanrian]]==
:'''Patro Nostra''' - ''(a version)''
:Patro nostra, qui esta in ceal
:Santificat esta nomen teu
:Regno teu venira
:Voro teu sera fazut
:Sur Terra ca esta in ceal
:Donez a noi hodia nostra pan omnidia
:E ieştaz nostras debitos
:Ca ieştam nostras debitores
:E noi duçez non in tentazio,
:Ma noi liberaz del malezza.
:Amen

== [[Sdrawkcab]] ==

:Ruo rehtaf, ohw si ni nevaeh,
:Dewollah eb yht enam,
:Yht modgnik emoc,
:Yht lliw eb enod,
:No Htrae sa ti si ni Nevaeh
:Evig su siht yad ruo yliad daerb,
:Dna evigrof su ruo snis,
:Sa ew evigrof esoht ohw nis tsniaga su.
:Dael su ton otni noitatpmet,
:Tub reviled su morf live,
:Rof eniht si eht modgnik, eht werop dna eht yrolg,
:Rof reve dna reve,
:Nema!

==[[Bisla'ikh]]==

'''''In Bisla'ikh Script'''''
----

:Дӑтэвӑнђоҏю, ќерђКӑлэӑн,
:Овэеђэда кӑлэмӑнта,
:Ќоралусвађэда, ҏэвӑнђадтеђбува,
:Дежэђэда, гушанђэда, ҏантэнкђаҏђбувӑ,
:ГтюђЭҏпэх, лэкэнӑ скђКӑлэӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн левенӑ павђлучӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн сэќ спучӑшђэда,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн мусэнђэда,
:Ос лунӑмачэђэда скђоҏю эн мусэнђэда, ю мусэнђоҏюђбувӑ обаяђеда!
:Спрэнкђэдађбувӑ веж скђмӑлхӑнӑ, эмп cпрэнкђэдађбувӑ ҏобуђковӑтэ ос ҏобуђмӑлхӑнӑ!
:Аҏ Ќоралусвађэда, энугяђэда, сэќђэда,
:Яу сэќоҏу,
:Cпӑяђэду!

'''''In Roman Script'''''
----

:Dativan'orryu, xer'Kalian,
:Ovie'idu kalimanthu,
:Xorulirsvu'idu, rrivan'udthe'birva,
:Dezhi'idu, girshun'idu, rrunthing'urr'birva,
:Gthyu'Irrfikh, likina sg'Kalian,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in levena puv'lirchan,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in six sfirchash'idu,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu,
:Os lirnamuchi'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu, yu mirsin'orryu'birva obuya'idu!
:Sfring'idu'birva vezh sg'malkhana, imf sfring'idu'birva rrobir'kovati os rrobir'malkhana!
:Urr Xorulirsvu'idu, inirgya'idu, six'idu,
:Yair sixorrir,
:Sfaya'idir!

'''''Translation'''''
----

:Our father, in heaven,
:Your name is Sacred,
:Your kingdom, it comes,
:Your wants, your needs, they shall occur,
:On earth, similar to heaven,
:you give to us now the bread of life,
:You give to us all your compassion,
:You give to us now your forgiveness,
:and you teach to us forgiveness, so we will forgive as you!
:You will not lead us to evil, but you will lead us from temptation, and evil!
:they are your Kingdom, Your power, your all,
:For all time,
:I pray!

==[[Qi (Irfikian Language) | Qi]]==

The Prayer to Sola: The 'lord's prayer' equivalent in the Qilan religion of Solarriam

'''''Qi'a Script:'''''

[[File:Prayer_to_Sola.png]]

'''''Transliteration with Grammar points:'''''

:nalo'áf qi'no a'a so'la o'za no'ó-dá'ó
:''pray we to sola on day(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó da'sana'i lí'di qo'va
:''(adv)continuous shine his light''
:ni'vi'da lí'di vo'o'o qi'no va'lo si'í'i si'a qo'va si'a qo'novir
:''fill he lives our with joy and light and warmth''
:razina'lo'on lí'di va'siro'á na'la
:''bring forth he plants all!''
:fazi'i'os lí'di qa'a'vo'o-i'aza-dá'ó
:''sustain he herd(pl)(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó ni'vi'la'á lí'di va'lo si'zaroni'i qi'no
:''(adv)continuous provide he us with necessities our''
:a'a nazilo'o'a si'a ri'ad
:''to eternity and day''
:qa'asno'oq qi'no li'a'a
:''salute we you''
:va'la'a'í!
:''Prosper!''

'''''Proper translation:'''''

:We pray to sola on this day,
:That his light may continuously shine.
:May he fill our lives with joy, light and warmth
:May he bring forth all plants,
:May he sustain the herds
:May he continuously provide us with what we need
:For eternity and a day
:For we salute you
:Prosper!

==[[Volapük]]==
'''Volapük Rigik - Original Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binon paisaludomöz nem ola!
:Kömomöd monargän ola!
:Jenomöz vil olik, äs in sül, i su tal!
:Bodi obsik vädeliki givolös obes adelo!
:E pardolös obes debis obsik,
:äs id obs aipardobs debeles obas.
:E no obis nindukolös in tendadi;
:sod aidalivolös obis de bad.
:Jenosöd!

'''Volapük Nulik - New Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binol in süls! Nem olik pasalüdükonöd!
:Regän ola kömonöd!
:Vil olik jenonöd, äsä in sül, i su tal!
:Givolös obes adelo bodi aldelik obsik!
:E pardolös obes döbotis obsik,
:äsä i obs pardobs utanes, kels edöbons kol obs.
:E no blufodolös obis,
:ab livükolös obis de bad!
:(Ibä dutons lü ol regän, e nämäd e glor jü ün laidüp.)
:So binosös!

==Todamese==

By [[User:Xadrezo|xadrezo]]

:Meqas up thèladzh [mɛqas up θəladʒ]
:wedy qiv [wɛɟ qiv]
:wey ily [wɛj iʎ]
:odh wediv [ɔð wɛdiv]
:ladzhav thècc [ladʒav θəɕ]
:ow melcadzhapyitsh [ɔw mɛʟadʒapjitʃ]
:ow um ywethèmevits [ɔw um ɥɛθəmɛvits]
:èwh om udh ywethèdhevits [əʍ ɔm uð ɥɛθəðɛvits]
:ow kèm ywethèqgadily [ɔw kɛm ɥɛθəðɛɢadiʎ]
:èwh ow kèny fadzhiv [əʍ ɔw kəɲ fadʒiv]
:èq. [əq]

==[[Calcoradish]]==

[[File:Calcoradish sample text (Lord's prayer).jpg|500px]]

*Latin transcription
:Chém e starden

:Vem stár, edur sór agøis sym naeth; a yidur.
:Yidur dræs vem sǿdur e zøch vendur ǿl nabel.
:Yidur dræs vem volnadúr ol zøch vendur adenǽl.
:Yidur dræs vem lygor e zøch vendur nagǿl aver laghne, den andur aver naeth.
:Zøch fegois e odetol vem yidur codurnedem.
:Zøch adegois e cǽge edur yidur modelaer e chter, corem edur yidur adegedoer vem modenódel e agor yidur.
:Zøch dois gorendrǽl e yidur, em decæis yidur gór modhem.
:Volnadúr em voldor em graneth tordýr e zøch triondor.
:Amen.

==[[Labwese]]==
:Getuz-sovex'Vatu pwo njebex,
:getuz-detu'imje sanktifikate;
:riz-detu'Krolete xri sovex;
:faz-detu'Vile pwo zemlje kil pwo njebe.
:Siwodnja daz-detu sovex'xlote;
:e prastjez-detu sovex'deptex,
:kil prastjez-sovex sovex'deptekex;
:njok perlimjez-detu folz pwo temptatje,
:e rifekez-detu takuj ploxje.
:Amen.

==[[Mentolatian]]==
:zan paher, qua-dauv fí-jeuwof dauv og-quarmenom:
:our father, TOP.you, in the heavens you (be-)where

:nin-fêtyom quesam omfi-secchyom, perem fí-jeuwof i-dvan,
:down-gaze and about-look, from in heavens your,

:arjjaguz quesam cuscuw, dauv:
:blessed and lovely, you

:qua-varam pahera i-zan qua-dauv siyymnom quesam le-nes dauv khoelyos:
:TOP.truth father of us indeed you are and ACC.us you make.whole

:qua-náman i-dvan, yisam he arjjagmenem:
:TOP.name your, that-in.particular it (is) blessed

:qua-reget i-dvan, yisam he nin-wanmnem:
:TOP.realm your, that-in.particular it down-come

:qua-wallwan i-dvan, yisam he tintenmnem:
:TOP.will your, that-in.partic it be beautifully done

:nô ôg-jájomd og-qua-jwí-nô:
:as loc.Gea loc.TOP.Heavens as

:qua-sómat i-zan, cabyôm dauv le-he on-nes yiyi og-yi-sunnu:
:TOP.bread.for.the.day of us, give you ACC.it DAT.us that LOC.this.sun/day

:qua-erufezzí i-zan, nô suwatyôm dauv qua-nes, hessam nes suwatyos nô:
:TOP.sins of-us, as wash.clean you TOP.us, them we wash.clean as

:n-dlatem sem le-nes on-piscamat dauv:
:NEG.put NEG ACC.us DAT.trial you

:rats dlatem le-budem de-yi-tartar:
:quicker send ACC.evil to-that-yonder (away)

:n-wanmnem sem og-nes sem nenfâs.
:NEG.come NEG among-us no evil-doing

==[[Roguel]]==
[[File:Pater-noster-roguel.PNG]]
:Andon burcuetnya sigie burcuteget:
:Ronetlinete Attokorutyo,
:ansiradiyabek ec'ungut,
:onabek t'amanextangut,
:hanyiptabek lhardagut,
:ronde hanodeder.
:Unarihat pankorutit pirkoruma.
:Avelkorutna ripna,
:avelkepkorutna ripnakder.
:Pesadey dumirkorimat merey ik'adibikare.
:Guene t'amanextanek, hurotek, yomonek, kolganalnuk.
:Amen.

==[[Urban Basanawa]]==
Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食与うﾟと我等す今日
: 又ん赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えわ゜と我等之負者
: 又ん無率ど我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, geve to us fondag
: en fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergevet ur beshulders
: en ne leed us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho:p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho:p dai 'kiŋdəm 'ko:m/
: /'ho:p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik an hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho:p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:vət ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en ne 'li:t us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/
Note:
* the short vowels /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/ are frequently pronunced as [ɛ], [ɪ], [ɔ], [ʊ] respectively, especially in stressed vowels; the long vowel /a:/ is frequently pronunced as [ɑ:]

==Koulesch==
: Fater Unser, der is ime himmel
: Geheiligt werde dain name
: dain raich kome
: dain wille gescheh
: auf erden wie ime himmel
: gib uns heyt unser tagliches brout
: und erlou unsere schulde
: wie wir erloun unsere schuldiger
: und fyyre uns nicht in fersuuchung
: aber befrai uns fomme ybel
: Amen

Pronunciation:
: /'fɑ:tər ʊnsər dɛr ɪs ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /g'he:lɪkt 'ʋɛrdə daɪn 'nɑ:mə/
: /daɪn 'raɪx 'ko:mə/
: /daɪn 'ʋɪl:ə g'ʃe:/
: /auf 'ɛrdən ʋi: ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /'gɪp ʊns 'hɛɪt ʊnsərə 'tɑ:klɪxəs 'bro:t/
: /ʊnt ər'lo: ʊnsərə 'ʃʊldə/
: /ʋi: ʋɪr ər'lo:n ʊnsərə 'ʃʊldɪgər/
: /ʊnt 'fi:rə ʊns nɪxt ɪn fər'su:xʊŋ/
: /abər b'fraɪ ʊns fomə 'i:bəl/
: /ɑ:mən/
Note:
# in Koulesch, /x/ is never pronunced as the voiceless palatal fricative [ç], even before or after front vowels.
# the copula "is" is also sometimes written as "ist", but the form "ist" is considered archaic or dialectical.

==Senjecas==
*9b: ɱúm cemenőm éna tąta̋: tu-fę̋to sa̋kaþo ı̋lo
:1-STA.SG | heaven-STA.PL | in | father-VOC.SG | your=name-NOM.SG | holy-IND-PPTCP-NOM.SG | become-SBJV
*10: tu-ręᵹta̋iɱa ǧe̋mo: tu-tőla kı̋aþa ı̋lo épa cemenőmk̬e v̌ętősk̬' éna
:your=kingdom-NOM.SG | come-SBJV | your=will-NOM.SG | do-IND-PPTCP-NOM.SG | become-SBJV | as | heaven-STA.PL-and | earth-STA.SG-and-ELIS | in
*11: ɱúm o sáhvi ɱúm sa̋ho k̬a̋zom dǫ̋e
:1-STA.PL | to this-day-ADV | 1-STA.PL | this-day | bread-MOT.SG | give-IMP
*12: ɱúm vų̋mon ɱum dų̋re épa ɱus ɱúm vų̋mlun dų̋ra
:1-STA.PL | debt-MOT.PL | 1-MOT.PL | debtor-MOT.PL | forgive-IND | as | 1-NOM.PL | 1-STA.PL | debtor-MOT.PL | forgive-IND
*13: xę̋lam | éna | ɱun | de̋uke | mę | þǫ́si | łąxta̋s | ápa | ɱun | še̋ve
: temptation-MOT.SG in 1-MOT.PL lead-IMP not but evil-STA.SG from 1-MOT.PL free-IMP
*hi | ręᵹta̋iɱak̬e | ɱa̋kak̬e | ṁa̋gok̬e | tús | o | še̋ðtam | éna | e̋sa
:for | kingdom-NOM.SG-and | power-NOM.SG-and | glory-NOM.SG-and | eternity | into | be-IND

=Alternative Writing System=
==[[Tower Orthography|Tawyr Oorthaagryfii]]==
*Erlii Maadyrn Ingglic (1662 BCP)
:Aur Fadhyr, witc art in Hevyn,
:Halood bii dhai Neem.
:Dhai Kingdym cym.
:Dhai wil bii dyn,
:in erth az it iz in Hevyn.
:Giv ys dhis dee aur deelii bred.
:And foorgiv ys aur trespasiz,
:Az wii foorgiv dhem dhat trespas ygenst ys.
:And liid ys naat intuu tempteetcyn;
:Byt dylivyr ys frym iivil.
:[Foor dhain iz dhy kingdym, dhy pawyr, and dhy gloorii,
:Foor ever and ever.] Amen.

==Mënk==
By [[User:Sam_s89|Sam_s89]]

*An alternative writing system for a Mancunian conlang, still in the early stages of development.
:Ë të-afse,
:Wah bÿ n Elÿsÿum,
:Fntastk bÿ je næm.
:Je tym kum
:Je wanh bÿ tun
:N ve Näf n Elÿsÿum.
:Gf wÿ ttæ ë clep
:N fegyf ë prÿfjus
:N wÿ ulfegyf veh wah prÿfjus wÿ
:N tunt sent wÿ nefe temcun
:But tlyfe wÿ frm ÿfyl
:[Fe Elÿsÿum, ve pë n glary bÿ ja, në n frefe]
:Ëmn

==[['Ingglish|Íngglish]]==
By [[User:Personak|personak]].

*King Dgeimzs Vurczén (King James Version)
:Aur fáadhur,
:Which aart in héeven,
:Háaloud bii dhai neim.
:Dhai kíngdem kuom,
:Dhai wil bii duon on Urth,
:Azs it izs in héeven.
:Giv uos dhis dei aur déiliy breed.
:And fourgív uos aur deets,
:As wii fourgív aur déeterzs.
:And liid uos not íntuu teemptéicsen,
:Buot delíver uos fruom íivel:
:Four dhain izs dhe kíngdem, and dhe páuwer, and dhe glóuriy, fouréver.
:Éimeen.

[[Category:Texts]]

Our Father

2015-05-14T19:37:47Z

K1234567890y: /* Koulesch */

'''Our Father''', also known as the '''Lord's Prayer''', is a widely-known prayer of Christianity. It is used by linguists and conlangers for comparing the differences between languages. In many cases it is also called the '''Pater Noster''' because of the widespread use of Latin in the Church. There are even [[Runes|Runic]] inscriptions in Latin along the lines of "say a Pater Noster for so-and-so's soul."

=Natlangs=
==[[Romance Languages]]==
===Latin===
:Pater noster, qui es in caelis:
:sanctificetur Nomen Tuum;
:adveniat Regnum Tuum;
:fiat voluntas Tua,
:sicut in caelo, et in terra.
:Panem nostrum cotidianum da nobis hodie;
:et dimitte nobis debita nostra,
:Sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris;
:et ne nos inducas in tentationem;
:sed libera nos a Malo.

===[[Spanish]]===
:Padre nuestro, que estás en los cielos,
:santificado sea tu Nombre;
:venga tu Reino;
:hágase tu Voluntad,
:así en la tierra como en el cielo.
:Nuestro pan cotidiano dánosle hoy;
:y perdónanos nuestras deudas,
:así como nosotros hemos perdonado a nuestros deudores;
:no nos dejes caer en tentación,
:mas líbranos del mal.
:Amén.

==[[Germanic languages]]==
===[[High German]]===
:Vater Unser im Himmel,
:Geheiligt werde Dein Name,
:Dein Reich komme.
:Dein Wille geschehe,
:Wie im Himmel, so auf Erden.
:Unser tägliches Brot gib uns heute,
:Und vergib uns unsere Schuld,
:Wie auch wir vergeben unseren Schuldigern.
:Und führe uns nicht in Versuchung,
:Sondern erlöse uns von dem Bösen.
:Denn Dein ist das Reich und die Kraft
:und die Herrlichkeit, in Ewigkeit.
:Amen.

===[[Dutch]]===
:Onze Vader,
:die in de hemelen zijt,
:geheiligd zij Uw naam.
:Uw rijk kome,
:Uw wil geschiede op aarde als in de hemel.
:Geef ons heden ons dagelijks brood,
:en vergeef ons onze schulden,
:gelijk ook wij vergeven aan onze schuldenaren.
:En leid ons niet in bekoring,
:maar verlos ons van het kwade.

===[[Modern English]] ELLC (1988)===
:Our Father in heaven,
:hallowed be your name,
:your kingdom come,
:your will be done,
:on earth as in heaven.
:Give us today our daily bread.
:Forgive us our sins
:as we forgive those who sin against us.
:Save us from the time of trial
:and deliver us from evil.
:[For the kingdom, the power, and the glory are yours
:now and for ever. Amen.]

===[[Early Modern English]] (1662 BCP)===
:Our Father, which art in Heaven,
:Hallowed be thy Name.
:Thy Kingdom come.
:Thy will be done,
:in earth as it is in Heaven.
:Give us this day our daily bread.
:And forgive us our trespasses,
:As we forgive them that trespass against us.
:And lead us not into temptation;
:But deliver us from evil.
:[For thine is the kingdom, The power, and the glory,
:For ever and ever.] Amen.

===[[Middle English]]===
:Fader ure ðatt art in hevene blisse,
:Ðin hege name itt wurðe bliscedd,
:Cumen itt mote ði kingdom,
:Ðin hali wil it be al don,
:In heven and in erðe all so,
:So itt sall ben ful wel ic to;
:Gif us alle one ðis dai,
:Ure bred of iche dai,
:And forgive us ure sinne,
:Als we don ure wiðerwinnes:
:Leet us noct in fondlinge fall,
:Ooc fro ivel ðu sild us alle. Amen.

===[[Anglo-Saxon]]===
:Fæder ūre, þū eart on heofonum:
:sī þīn nama ȝehāȝlod.
:Tōbecume þīn rīce.
:Ȝeƿeorþe þīn ƿilla
:on eorþan sƿāsƿā on heofonum.
:Ūre dæȝhƿāmlican hlāf sielle ūs tō dæȝe.
:And forȝief ūs ūre ȝyltas
:sƿāsƿā ƿē forȝiefaþ ūrum ȝyltendem.
:And ne ȝelǣd þū on costnunȝe,
:ac ālīes ūs of yfele.

===[[Norwegian]]===
:Fader vår, du som er i himmelen!
:Helliget vorde ditt navn;
:komme ditt rike;
:skje din vilje,
:som i himmelen, så og på jorden;
:gi oss idag vårt daglige brød;
:og forlat oss vår skyld,
:som vi og forlater våre skyldnere;
:og led oss ikke inn i fristelse;
:men fri oss fra det onde.
:For riket er ditt,
:og makten og æren i evighet.
:Amen.

==[[Celtic Languages]]==

===[[Proto-Gallo-Brythonic]]===
:Asron atīr, esti·i̯o eni nemesi,
:noibos buu̯et tou anu̯an,
:ro·to·aχsāt tou rīgi̯on
:u̯reχtus tou au̯illos
:u̯or talamoni samalī eni nemesi.
:Asron baragon petidīi̯ācon dā snūs sindīu̯on.
:Matu̯ī snūs asron dligetā,
:samalī i̯on matu̯imos asron dligeti̯obo,
:ne·c snīs wede dū u̯osagitē,
:eχtos snīs dīlunge au u̯allū.
:Amen.

=Conlangs=

Feel free to add Lord's prayer in your conlangs' version here.

==[[Aingeljã]]==
Nou Pare, qwe ets nou cell, 
qwe santificat eh vou nome, 
qwe vene a nos vou reixĩ. 
Qwe eh façata va voluntà, 
tant na terra com nou cell. 
Donat-nus hogge nou pã qwotiggãn 
e pardonat-nus nas ofensas, 
com tantbain nos pardonèms qwĩns ofensen-nus. 
E nõ deixat-nus cadre na tentazõn 
e lluwerat-nus dou Mal. 
Amain. 

==[[Altherkin Itak]]==
[[File:Our_Father_-_Altherkin_Itak_-_Script_4.JPG]]

:Jia'meh Abbous Jeon'yajeo naebu de, namaewae Yi beilahjeon ang de.
:Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi beilah.
:Jikan fotei, dei'fover Yi werben no Jeo e'ea Jeon'yajeo naebu.
:Deikan ima e'ea deikan'mej, lat warei kae'a jia'meh nimo.
:Luswerzya luswer jia'meh paliya. Warei ahsu luswer luswerzya dei'fover nyan.
:Yi beilah nei warei jianxi werben dili, da'a'te Yi warei proteto detei luswer paliya.
:(Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi ang de, ta Jeonji, e'ea ta pa'a'me, por jikan fotei mej.)
:Ohmaen

:Our Father Heaven inside is, name you holy it is.
:Land of God your exist.
:Time future, intent you act of Earth and Heaven inside.
:Today and every day, To us bread our give.
:Forget sins our please. We their sin forget intend also.
:You "To be" no us cause "to act" bad, but you us protect from sin please.
:(Land of God yours it is, The divine power, and the glory, for time future all.)
:Amen

[http://www.facebook.com/v/2682096943833 Hear it read by Motonjia (external Link)]

==[[Arkhæn | Arkhæn]]==
A Prayer to The Psynecerion, a polytheistic "Lord's Prayer" equivalent in the religion of Kareigăn-Hæx religion.

=== Modern Arkhæn Alkavăht Script ===
[[File:Arkhaen_Lordprayer.PNG]]

=== Romanized: ===
:Keir præhăm mhe jzakar Yfikt Sehri,
:Hoth amăn khăma taiku Hæx, ara Gaateni
:Keir amăn ir ăndrgaaten, keir flær dhe vari, mhe garăm deru cogan dhe miyar kædi
:Mhe kariar ăz i ăn ara zeidu joirk ak mhe mujes jzakar haqeinan dhe hjaani
:Măhdi keir suod zăn hoth adr, măhdi keir anămi zăn hoth adr,
:Mhe ghejz haqeinan zuk i ăn ăhsl dyhijoi
:Măhdi hoth gaate qajoi dyhijoi mhe mujes jzakar kanrqeinăn avarkhe
:Măhdi ăhsl mhe takad kăhkănen dhe jzakar ræhi dhe hjaani ak dhe jzakr Kareigăn-Hæx.
:Aze Takădi!

=== Translation: ===
:We pray to the Perfect Ones,
:They who came from Six, our creators
:We who are subservient, we ask of them, to lend us some of their strength
:To carry on our daily tasks and to keep the balance of nature
:May we live as they do, may we die as they do, to bring balance upon all worlds
:May they create more worlds to drive the imbalance away.
:May all to be enlightened of the ways of nature and of the Original Six.
:Aze Takadi! (both a greeting gesture as well as a sort of "amen")

==[[The World|Avantimanisc]]==
:Oure fadêr that be yn heuenerihhe;
:sende ye-hallawet thin namô;
:cwem te thin rihhdomaz;
:sende thin wellez ye-dôn swo yn medwaralde swo yn heuenam;
:yef ôs on te daye oure ĳelckday susteynavant;
:ande ôs foryef oure detes,
:swo we foryef te oure detendam;
:ande ne lîth ôs nouwt te thon castynge,
:but framward-ôs-lôs fram euele.

==Esperanto==
:Patro nia, kiu estas en la ĉielo,
:sanktigata estu Via nomo.
:Venu Via regno.
:Fariĝu Via volo,
:kiel en la ĉielo, tiel ankaŭ sur la tero.
:Nian panon ĉiutagan donu al ni hodiaŭ.
:Kaj pardonu al ni niajn ŝuldojn,
:kiel ankaŭ ni pardonas al niaj ŝuldantoj.
:Kaj ne konduku nin en tenton,
:sed liberigu nin de la malbono.
:(Ĉar Via estas la regno kaj la potenco
:kaj la gloro eterne.)
:Amen.

==[[Háfrig]]==
:Kes Etâr, qwin il eskáleo ri,
:genomentuz i missild,
:offimmoz i tis agenir,
:geroz i tis élekk,
:léda l-eskálio, śo l-edzúroro si.
:Forventikál vekánandum dontiz káj píl,
:et offűliz i bêtgánandu,
:léda ke s’ offűlam i h-inóvand bêtdífendo.
:E gin véliz kum kojsitána,
:ak gemojgiriz i vultími.
:(Dé tis i h-agenir, i forrel e l-iskür forvenâk.)
:Roz ö-gen.

==Lojban==
:doi cevrirni.iu noi zvati le do cevzda do'u fu'e .aicai .e'ecai lo do cmene ru'i censa
:.i le do nobli turni be la ter. ku se cfari
:.i loi do se djica ba snada mulno vi'e le cevzda .e .a'o la ter.
:.i fu'e .e'o ko dunda ca le cabdei le ri nanba mi'a
:.i ko fraxu mi loi ri zu'o palci
:.ijo mi fraxu roda poi pacyzu'e xrani mi
:.i ko lidne mi fa'anai loi pacyxlu
:.i ko sepri'a mi loi palci
:.i .uicai ni'i loi se turni .e loi vlipa .e loi mi'orselsi'a cu me le do romei
:fa'o

==[[Anoé]]==

:,nul-((fuuilat-en-ia)-él-éltil)

:efma-en-ve fi-atfalit tléé

:((tintom-en-ve fi-ulaat tléé

:uuifó-en-ve fó-én-aé)

:an-(Earth)-fn-(al-ló-él-éltil)).

:,ve ie-aile-ufuium li-aten-óf-(ailu)-at-ia.

:,ve felien-en-ia éliuón-at-ia

:nif-(ia én-(laéen ia feliu) éliuón-at-al.

:,ve ia erian-ól-(ésélit-en-uilien)

:tléé ve ia erian-sééld.

:(fan ól-tintom tlé ól-élein tlé ól-aliaten (al-en-ve al

:ló-(et-tlé-néf)). ,fti-ló.)

==Classical Longrimol==
{{seealso|Longrimol}} by [[User:Longrim|Longrim]]

:Adhorom nedhúrer
:airalichy raivog
:therdhäil darandorog
:dhánäilichy malfog
:márchan nedhúrer
:gweltheljbantho-m'il
:jaldhtharvo-m'il
:oi thärvim mênjäldhim
:dhulro-m'il glastainúlong
:dhulro-m'il gruidhong.

:[find i dharandr-og cambadh-og asdago-og cwildhríl. Emín.]

==Classical Arithide==
{{seealso|Classical Arithide}} by [[User:Denihilonihil|Eugene]]
{{seealso|Arithide Sample Text Corpus}}

{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" width="66%"
|-
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Classical Arithide
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Late Classical Arithide
|-
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rignā, zōon saluminnum, histamosit illos ays. Egēra lisgas ays. Reskerosit deiros ays, halagum saluminnumena. Rignor emereto haror omer krerērō, a kansārērō irige syndrē, rīgisae syndirēnēs kansārena. On rege avgērērō thiftiae, nege rege magārērō vokirōn. Amen.
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rikin, saluminnum hero, histamesit illos ayn. Egura lisgas ayn. Reskeresit deiros ayn, halaginnum saluminnumena. Rikin emnatir haro omnat kreruras, nam kansaruras rīkae syndrē, rikisyndoris syndirēnēs kansariena. On riko avlataguras orgrei, nege riko magāruras vokyrōn. Amen.
|}

==Ellesklavan==
{{seealso|Ellesklavan}}

:vidrömü, ci eu en éfni,
:aolé eu tli nömü.
:tli řoyamü viyen.
:tli sřay eu fazi,
:en teřya é ža eu en éfni.
:dono no sé širu pasirana kotined.
:éti frocefi no trégepaseniran,
:kön no frocefi elehli ci trégepaseni kontri no.
:éti neu kleřtni pa no ostü betnosü;
:mé délifeř no dé džharag.
:(porceu lešé eu lé řoyamü, lé pufovřir, éti lé kloriyen,
:por tu éti tu) amné.

== Teeverb Kuluxem ==
{{seealso|Teeverb Kuluxem}}

Teeverb Kuluxem:

:Tuchomat Kulonar:
:Padre keeyuhn infadia, uba' nio shuuran,
:Tunatma kuyuhn echa' tubonflaken.
:Yaco-ubhiemna tukinglak kunoi tuyumya,
:Shem yaco-ubfin tupaj kunoi,
:Nio shutereen sima nio shuuran.
:Pal-ubofero tukwam kudiama kuval alt sheeyuhn;
:Shem pal-ubforglan teeyuhn sima okforglan teeotheeno;
:Vo pal-ubleedha teeyuhn alt shutemapta,
:Kief pal-ubforma okvan vaeem shupekitat;
:Tukinglak shem tufuertlas shem tuglameeka eshadda kunoi.
:Amen

Translation:

:The prayer of the Lord:
:The Father of Ours, who is in Heaven,
:Your name is great.
:Bring your kingdom here,
:And accomplish your plan,
:On Earth the same as in Heaven.
:Give us the food of this day;
:Forgive us the same as we forgive others;
:Do not lead us to temptation,
:But force us to go away from evil;
:The glory, the power and the glory are your's.
:Amen

==Thorsutian==
{{seealso|Thorsutian}}

:Man baset, cus ёd nё parasje,
:ёsmardzsёn ёdur xjen zavke.
:Xjen mёbraţje rikas.
:Xjen zsёdu çozid,
:ёn toke siç ёd tho parasjud.
:Jat maţu ked ord man vorje bucje.
:E ţalis maţu man funёbartiv,
:siç maţ ţalёmi çadёk cus funёbart kurda maţu
:E pron maţu nok tho ёnarzsud,
:pas shonah maţu el necud,
:(ţa xjen ёl mёbraţi, uuzs, e strirren,
:ţa dadarma e dadarma.)
:Amen

==Tauro-Piscean==
{{seealso|Tauro-Piscean language}}

:Tet Fedä ëleêses, wa zï in Heofonem,
:¡Letan tet Namen janes clenê bean!
:Tet Kïnedom janes kum.
:¡Letan tet Willê janes dodê bean,
:Et Eëtenem tonnê in Heofonem!
:¡Jefan ëleêsen tode tet jedewamliken Bräden!
:¡And fëjefan ëleêsen te Jïêlten,
:Tonnê ëleês fëjef kvinem, dass makê Jïêlten!
:¡And ledan ëleêsen nat in Kostnungen,
:Ak beëjan ëleêsan fram Ïfeêlem!
:[Tï janes zï tet Kïnedom, tet Mït and tet Wöldë,
:To efä nes efä.] Sotlikê.

It is worth noting that the Tauro-Piscean language evolved into the (New) West Germanic language below.

==West Germanic==
{{seealso|West Germanic language}}

:Uɍę Ąldoɍ, tu tąt is in ħjovonųm,
:Si tin namę halaɉ.
:Kumę tin riŧę,
:Maŧiǫn tin wįleǫn up eɍdųm ék swa in ħjovonųm.
:Uɍę daɉliŧ lafǫn gįvǫn us todaɉ,
:ǫnd foɍgįvǫn us uɍę ſųldzǫn ék swa we foɍgįf uɍę ſųldaɉǫn.
:Ǫnd faɍǫn tu ųn in ħjan kǫstnųnðǫn, ak luzǫn ųn uvęlęnę.
:[Ųmbętąt tin is tąt riŧę, tąt miħt ǫnd tąt wųldoɍ,
:ąvɍweɍd eŧę.]
:Sodliŧę.

==Vityng by [[User:Schlaier|Schlaier]]==
{{seealso|Vityng}}
{{seealso|Vityng our Father}}

:fæðirr óssa, hvem ar i himinn
:nama þinn ver hǽlge
:kónungrikk þinn ver gaður
:øskja þinn ver skaftur
:an eorð og sva i himinn.
:ǿssi gefar dægglykur brǿð óssa, þessa dagg.
:og synni óssa grætar óss
:sva varr grætum þætt ƕað skap synni an ǿssi
:i nǿðen lǽðarna óss
:og fram yfil takar óss.
:sænnlykur.

==Nytal==
{{seealso|Nytal}}
{{seealso|Nytal biblical texts}}

:Babu ni la, ki ad’jo ju ojl 
:Ni la a’šijnt noym Ok 
:Nori sliknost Ok 
:Ni la a’nut ehoj Ok 
:Iknijt ju ojl, Iknijt sjep bajus vsi 
:Ole tyahri er ni la ejs ni la 
:A vlup er ni la le finans ni la 
:Iknijt gek ni la a’vlup er le mefinanser ni la 
:A ta nenijt ni la ka medoljem 
:U vrij ni la de olim 
::Amen

==Lánc==
{{seealso|Lánc}}

:Vojun nát, eráv bálot
:Townon úk svútutolas
:Townon krišpót atja
:Townon šalja toljas
:Džú bálot džu pánot
:Lakfadžo vojay vojunon banfadžáro bágwo kál
:Ši vojay vojunyojon plačoy gwalč
:Džu vój vojunyajon plajačanay mijo gwalčen
:Ši vojo onás gorávtjámás ét majv
:Ýbo vojo ód ono gráwno nálutol.
:Amen

==[[Leet_Speak|L337 5q34Ҟ]]==

:0ύЯ ph4th3r N ん3\/N,
:L33+ 1z ur N￥m,
:ur Ӄ1n6|)0mz h3Я3 nao,
:u 90んん4 cl00 vv47 u w4んん4 cl00,
:0n 34r+ん L13k n ん3\/N.
:L37z 34+ 2d4y l13k d4 07hЯ d31,
:461v h0w3r fragz & pks plz,
:& wii vv1LL 461v3 d4 w0nz dat phr4993d u5.
:$4v3 uz phr0m d4 fl00d,
:& 41$0 phr0m d4 L337 3v!|_.
:4ym3んz.

==Lišěč==
{{seealso|Lišěč}}
{|
|
:<center>'''''Latin alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Fial Ipa, ktõr õłokotë tajväka
:sanktakammë leel nimien
:mënnajast leel küningrik
:tĕdaekemmë leel vylen
:śo tajväka, śo mälmake
:đnes antajatë fiam đnesmasen lĕjpäen
:õnt fergepejetë fial velkĕnesen
:śo fi fergepekemmë fial velketelnesem
:õnt ĕłi oğiatojotë ferśukedenë
:õnt svobõdojotë fian pakadaţë
:Amen
||
:<center>'''''Cyrillic alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Фиал Ипа, ктõр õљокотё тайвäка
:санктакаммё леел нимиен
:мённайаст леел кÿнингрик
:тĕдаекеммё леел вылен
:зо тайвäка, зо мäлмаке
:ћнес антайатё фиам ћнесмасен лĕйпäен
:õнт фергепейетё фиал велкĕнесен
:зо фи фергепекеммё фиал велкетелнесем
:õнт ĕљи ођиатойотё ферзукеденё
:õнт свобõдойотё фиан пакадаθё
:Амен
|}

==Keβag==
{{seealso|Keβag}}

:Fät man, lë beş ë pöt taɸ ë nheμet'
:lo seintsat ë seɸot'u ðo
:qeşa e dewönhoxul ðo
:ër sat'a ë pełäk do
:aże taɸ ë nheμet', aże taɸ ë nhujm'
:ovinë manheşë ekys ë nałecu ekyşoru μan
:cë danosë en μyg μan
:lo danos aże en μyɣocuv μan
:cë μë phonë manhëm taɸ ë rhejżaxaş
:aca püksatё manhëm renh e-ekwaň.
:Amen

==Teycil==
{{seealso|Teycil}}
:Paycil, jsomnajs hœjcoir væ
:zulev jsuveno lea
:ga ayro bolmadanev
:malev nā lea
:jsomnajs me ehrenajs
:moljga luie molojzunour mujxel ga beih
:me jqœnūl ga gjrebeih
:polajs-ajga jqœnosæcūl gjrebō lea
:me pîrojgīne xo le ga doikot vā
:tu jræsīne jcon le ga jzineih vā
:Amēn

==Nician==
{{seealso|Nician}}

:'''Il nost pat'''

:Il nost pat, chi ses nis ceis,
:Saintifcat sie’l tu nom.
:Venì’l tu regn.
:Se face la tue volontat,
:Nis ceis com sope la terre.
:Oz dànos il nost pan cottizan.
:E dimìttenos is nosts dèvits,
:Com ezze nos dimittius ais nosts devitoes.
:E n’indùcenos in teumtazion,
:Veò lìveanos da male.

==Brithenig==

:Nustr Padr, ke sia i llo chel,
:sia senghid tew nôn,
:gwein tew rheon,
:sia ffaeth tew wolont,
:syrs lla der sig i llo chel.
:Dun nustr pan diwrnal a nu h-eidd;
:e pharddun llo nustr phechad a nu,
:si nu pharddunan llo nustr phechad.
:E salw nu di'll temp di drial,
:mai llifr nu di'll mal.
:Per ill rheon, ill cofaeth e lla leir es ill tew, per segl e segl.

==Kerno==

:a Phazeoir Nusteor que bias 'n y ceues;
:foreth noef il tew nom;
:gouenyes il tew camouils;
:foreth fès la teva gouoluntáts
:en lâ derra cuomo 'ny ceues;
:danos-el osdia le nusteor panèn cuotidièn;
:dimeti y nusteor dheuz
:cuomo dimitemus ai nusteor dheutoeres;
:et ne nus attrayer rhen al tentación,
:mays eliveránus des val.

==Old High Jermench==

:fatzar nôstar cî es in câlîs
:seiaz cunsantzîts noum twou
:wienaz rin twou
:seiaz cundahtûts wuontzats twâ
:siht in câl ah in zerra
:fân nôstar côsitân ta nous houd
:ez ferdouna nous ôdsa nôstra
:siht ez nus ferdounams ôdintîs nôstrîs
:ez nei nus intûtzas in zinhôn
:mâhs liura nus tei mâl

==Talarian==

:elemtilenopâtar
:sánctyata tawas xonomar-ca-he
:wewóytâ hanirfanar-ca-he
:pepelewórkâ tawas walar-ca-he
:hostanuššexomani-han-he
:elemtileno-han-he
:tatâhyata-me tâlcoteyel támtar-ca-he
:ffaffalyata-me mesas taipallanar-ca-he
:ffalmá cam taipallanar-ca-he
:anhaharxanyata-me çalarswwalana-ca-he
:roromyata-me tusar-te-he. Omen.

:Heavenly Father
:and blessed-be thy name
:and realised-be spiritual-Rest
:and fullydone-be thy will
:and Middle-World-in-the
:and Heavens-in-the
:and give us each-day godly-gift-the
:and wash us our spiritual-separation
:and we wash their spiritual-separation
:and burden-not us heavenly-adjudication-by
:and guide us evil-out-from

==LΙΝҀΟΥΑ LΟΥϹΑΡ / Loucarian==

:ΝЄΜЄΤ ϚΟϚΠЄІΤΟ ΠѠΔΙϹ ῙϹ ϹΑΤΑ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ : ЄΤΤΙ ΠЄJЄΤΟ ῙϹ:
:ЄΝΑΜϜЄΡϜЄΡ ΤΙΜ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ ϹΟΥΔЄΙЄΡЄ ΙϹΑ:
:ΑΒΒΑ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЄΝ ϚΑΜΑΥΑΝΑΜ ΝΑ
:ϘЄΔΔЄϹ ΑL ΝΟΜΟΝ ΔΙ ΤΙΜЄΤ
:ϚѠΠΠЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΟΥΜΜЄΝ ΔΙ ΤΙ ΠѠΔЄϘϹ ΦЄϹΤΙΝΑΜ
:ΟΥΤΤΑΤΟ ϜΑΔ ΑL ΑLΦΑϹ ΔΙ ΤΙ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΤΙΡ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΠΑΡΑΔЄΙϚΙΑΜ
:ϹϜЄΡϹΑΡЄ ΤΙ ΑΔΙϹ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЮΤΙΜ ΑL ΠΟΥΝΤΙΜ ϹΑϚϹΟΥΜНΝЄϹ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ
:ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΑL ΙϹΑΙϹΑ ΝΟΒΟΝ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ϘΟΥЄΜ ΝΑϹ ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΑΜΑΔЄΡΑΜ ΔΙ ΝЄϚϚЄΡ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔΟΥϹЄΡЄ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔΙϹ ΠЄΙΡΑϚΜΟΜ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔН ϹѠΙΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔ ΙΝJΟΥΔΙϚϚΙΑΜ. ѨΜΙΝ.

:They ask to Jesus concerning to pray; and said Jesus:
:Whenever you pray say this:
:Father of us in-heaven-in
:holy the name of you
:become the heavenly-realm of you with fast
:go done the will of you as in the earth as in the paradise
:give you towards us today the bread of-everyday of us
:wipe-away you the this-here sin of us as we wipe-away the sinship of them
:do-not lead us towards temptation
:do-not but put you us to trial. amen.

==(Modern) Ialacian==

:Yamono Fadatheudeur inmiso hedeveudeun,
:leteyim no nekem bi aneurshta.
:Leteyim no kidingdeudeum kam,
:leteyim kiena waonteyim fu hapeun bi dushta
:onmiso eukeurtheu asoru biya dushta inmiso hedeveudeun.
:Giveyim pamo tisoneun yamono neunlimiso beurekedeu.
:Forgiveyim pamo aru yamono sikinsi
:jesteumiso asoru haveyamo alsorumiso forgiveushta taseto kien sin agensteumiso pamo.
:Kipeyim pamo feurommiso faollinggeu intumiso sikin kienu biyamo tempeushta.
:Seiveyim pamo feurommiso lo iveulmung in;
:foru lo kidingdeudeum, lo padauweudeur, toru lo geulodoridi bi yimno, forueveurmiso. Amen.

==(Modern) Avelian==

:Camo no Fadatheudeur inmiseot hedeveudeun,
:cim letnida no netem bimnida-aneurnidayo.
:Cim letnida no kidingdeudeum kamao,
:cim letnida kimnat weontnida hapeunao bimnida-dumnidayo
:onmiseot euteurtheu cometeo ca bimnida-dumnidayo inmiseot hedeveudeun.
:Cim givnida camo koretien camo no tienlimiseot beureted.
:Cim forgivnida camo ateo camo no sitin
:jestmiseot cometeo camo alsuteomiseot forgivnijiyo il kim sinnida agenstmiseot camo.
:Cim kipnida camo feurommiseot feolshao intumiseot sitin kimnut camo bimnida-tempnidayo.
:Cim seivnida camo feurommiseot iveulmang il;
:feteo kidingdeudeum, padauweudeur, kuteo geulodoridi biseo cim no, kuteoeveurmiseot. Emen.

==Bu'ochia==

:Njosto padrón, kia asta an chiellium
:Chea sjen nom asta sancituri
:Chea sjen raliam venvi
:Chea sjen volosón asta naochi
:Ser terrum sem ser chiellium
:Dunnavi-noasta azi njosto pani je chachi uro
:Pardanvi njostosi ovenchuvati
:Ser noasta pardunomós achi ere ellum kia noasta uvos ovensuvasa
:Lel nen noasta inducha teminotium
:Masi leberani noasta ochje malum.
:Aminan

==[[Nyenglisk]]==

:Ár faður ín hevinað,
:Halóað er þín nam,
:þín kingdom kome,
:þín vil er makað,
:on erðað as ín hevinað.
:Give víð tilda ár dali bred.
:Forgive víð, ár sina
:As ví forgive þata, som sin eje víð
:Save ví fro tímiðum af trialað
:o delive ví fro ývilað
:[For kingdomiðum, páeriðum, o glóríðum er þíns ná o for evur. Amen.]

==[[Solaric]]==

:Fòrr ewo nhebn,
:neem Yöö yehöle,
:rüü Yöö yesiwoikèm
:weu Yöö yesiwoigeedü
:nadwol loi nhebn.
:yügevusye daalebreed ewo tadee.
:Yüfgevus eemyesen ewo,
:loi wifgevem daa deesen ngeets us.
:Yüseevys frè jentaam,
:an yübrengus frè ivu.
:[Kèz ödrüü, edpawo, 'n odgloi deeyööz
:nyo 'n freve. Amen.]

==Intrekómi==
:Món Pápa ínno ávno,
:ton nomí es holíninó,
:ton ressilénto komí,
:Te hi esóno finí,
:ono l’Érti se ínno ávno.
:Áttū ma’ món díni bréto sedí.
:Forgívū món sína per mas
:se ma forgíva la pópla ki sí kon mas.
:Sévū mas de l’hóro di triálo
:ve delíverū mas de la vílo.
:[Per la ressilénto, la póvro, ve la glóro es ton
:adéssi ve per etérni. Ámen.]

==Theudo==
:Than pár ágí,yrth thí inn yln,
:yrth than avn ádích ogam,
:Kumadth than unkrig ádích,
:Mymeridth than abad ádích,
:Onn jorder ek inn yln.
:Gefathí égí than yndé broth ágí
:ug yrdylathí égí thaí egání ágí,
:ek yrdylath égí étí dach égánath alyn égí.
:ug dá burdithí égí dá díchossen,
:ach durthí égí am drogh.
:[Lí yrth sy than unkrig ádích, than ubres ug than gylá. Líny ug y. Amen]

==[[Sandic]] (Kémani)==
:Pé da aŵ pa lēyar,
:Daeyui obatara béenú pé,
:Béno pé obaféd,
:Wîc pé obatoka,
:Ó ba imprîâ obatokara ŵhé pa ân.
:Ŵian ta damdabin jémohnin otiab opétora,
:Ta lenadabin aŵin otiab opéfama,
:Ta kémabin, ŵiab opur, otiab opéfama.
:Ŵian opéneot ma ân aŵtewîc ân ma dabin lenain,
:A ŵiab frn wîc ân ma dabin akenoin opéjjémz.
:[Pa skra jébi- Ba imprîâ frn pé batara, iné wî ba béno, iné wî ba auzeract,
:Gre kala, jéb obatara,]
:Lēamian

==[[Dmezk]]==

:Boja,
:Pani morosza muno metsa
:Muno motsekune asza
:Urhdu murez munazi otso numira fujarez arhmede,
:ko drokesza murez numira lofurajizy,
:Kru murez drokesza murez furetez dusz lek e murez muteke.
:Ko furetez murez enu umz ki dorake.

==[[Parra]]==
{|
|
:<center>''Latin:''</center>
:Papa denes, ce da a seli,
:Noma dedi esi santo fa fara.
:Sarso dedi fa veni,
:Vola dedi esi fa fara, tanta a sinla, tanta a seli.
:Ves den, xat de den per nos dada,
:E debiti denes perona, tanta nos perona emedebiti denes.
:E a temta nos ne conduşu,
:Ma nos escer de saló fara. Amén
||
:<center>''Cyrillic:''</center>
:Папа дэнэс кэ да а сэли,
:Нома дэди эси санто фа фара.
:Сарсо деди фа вени,
:Вола деди эси фа фара, танта а синла, танта а сэли.
:Вес ден, хат де ден пер нос дада,
:Э девити денес перона, танта нос перона эмэдебити денес.
:Э а тэмта нос нэ кондушу,
:Ма нос эскещэ дэ салӧ фара. Амӭн.
|}

==[[Kihā́mmic]]==
'''Kihā́mmic Millenium Bible'''

Gloss

'''9 Vámû náčûm hekóš fáz kašā́ etômá: mnốmô Dárat kétômô yû́n Yégkhāne sói, danamá tīdá sōramá séi.'''

9 You (n pl nom) have to (pres n pl) pray (inf) how (conj) according to (conj) this (f sing gen): our (m sing nom) Father (m sing nom) who (m sing nom) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (pres m sing), your (f sing nom) name (f sing nom) holy (f sing nom) be (pres f sing).

'''10 Ī́tnômô Yegašā́n ôfót, ī́tnûm yón lé Gántre yā́ yû́n Yégkhāne tróp verázamô.'''

10 Your (m sing nom) Kingdom (m sing nom) come (fut imp m sing), yours (m sing nom) on (prep) the (m sing prep) Earth (m sing prep) as (adv) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (fut imp m sing) do (past part m sing nom).

'''11 Klûrû́vû pā́dû yû́n étôme klûrét mámô stagaþố.'''

11 Daily (n sing nom) bread (n sing nom) on (prep) this (f sing prep) day (f sing prep) we (n pl all) give (imp m sing).

'''12 Yanošố mánômā solgkhámā yā́ mánômā solgkhonámā mámû yanû́m.'''

12 Pardon (imp m sing) our (m pl acc) debt (m pl acc) as (adv) our (m pl acc) debtor (m pl acc) we (n pl nom) pardon (pres n pl).

'''13 Ôyán nárstûnô mámā ôkradžôtố bán é ayán eutá mámā čulūtố paškomá ī́tnûm sói lố čanák é lố tūkál ə́tə tôvánə džā́zə. Amén.'''

13 To (prep) temptation (m sing all) we (n pl acc) lead (imp m sing) not (neg) and (conj) from (prep) evil (m sing abl) we (n pl acc) save (imp m sing) because (conj) yours (m sing nom) be (pres m sing) the (m sing nom) power (m sing nom) and (conj) the (m sing nom) glory (m sing nom) for (prep) all (m sing term) time (m sing term). Amen (adv).

==[[Hellingijø]]==
:anseraz faþiriz, hwaz in itim oranï biuziz,
:haggiðiz þinaz onamaz sijeza.
:þinaz bazilidomaz kwemiða,
:þinaz bulizi ana þe gerþi
:hwo ana þo oranï þuriða.
:anseraz hemerilikazini itini arþizi tohemeri gebeniza
:andi anseraz hamaritï sigihoriza,
:hwo wiz itini sundarï anagagin anziz sighoram.
:andi to itinø hagadomiziz de-agiza
:haldiz þinaz fram itinø ubiliziz siziza.
:amen.

==[[Aquarian]]==
:Ayter oosen, dar yas dh'indra,
:Wennick yas ya hennell ov;
:Erras a h-affy hoyrick ov;
:Voon erreth surrys;
:Ar channal, say ar indra.
:Acketh y'oos keenow gakeener scran os.
:Ga vargeth y'oos affickes os,
:Sinda chy a vargy heem dar affickash dhe goorth oos.
:Ga harrenneth y'oos nee dhe gunther;
:Madge nashneemeth y'oos oo leen.
:Amen.

==[[Tanrian]]==
:'''Patro Nostra''' - ''(a version)''
:Patro nostra, qui esta in ceal
:Santificat esta nomen teu
:Regno teu venira
:Voro teu sera fazut
:Sur Terra ca esta in ceal
:Donez a noi hodia nostra pan omnidia
:E ieştaz nostras debitos
:Ca ieştam nostras debitores
:E noi duçez non in tentazio,
:Ma noi liberaz del malezza.
:Amen

== [[Sdrawkcab]] ==

:Ruo rehtaf, ohw si ni nevaeh,
:Dewollah eb yht enam,
:Yht modgnik emoc,
:Yht lliw eb enod,
:No Htrae sa ti si ni Nevaeh
:Evig su siht yad ruo yliad daerb,
:Dna evigrof su ruo snis,
:Sa ew evigrof esoht ohw nis tsniaga su.
:Dael su ton otni noitatpmet,
:Tub reviled su morf live,
:Rof eniht si eht modgnik, eht werop dna eht yrolg,
:Rof reve dna reve,
:Nema!

==[[Bisla'ikh]]==

'''''In Bisla'ikh Script'''''
----

:Дӑтэвӑнђоҏю, ќерђКӑлэӑн,
:Овэеђэда кӑлэмӑнта,
:Ќоралусвађэда, ҏэвӑнђадтеђбува,
:Дежэђэда, гушанђэда, ҏантэнкђаҏђбувӑ,
:ГтюђЭҏпэх, лэкэнӑ скђКӑлэӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн левенӑ павђлучӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн сэќ спучӑшђэда,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн мусэнђэда,
:Ос лунӑмачэђэда скђоҏю эн мусэнђэда, ю мусэнђоҏюђбувӑ обаяђеда!
:Спрэнкђэдађбувӑ веж скђмӑлхӑнӑ, эмп cпрэнкђэдађбувӑ ҏобуђковӑтэ ос ҏобуђмӑлхӑнӑ!
:Аҏ Ќоралусвађэда, энугяђэда, сэќђэда,
:Яу сэќоҏу,
:Cпӑяђэду!

'''''In Roman Script'''''
----

:Dativan'orryu, xer'Kalian,
:Ovie'idu kalimanthu,
:Xorulirsvu'idu, rrivan'udthe'birva,
:Dezhi'idu, girshun'idu, rrunthing'urr'birva,
:Gthyu'Irrfikh, likina sg'Kalian,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in levena puv'lirchan,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in six sfirchash'idu,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu,
:Os lirnamuchi'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu, yu mirsin'orryu'birva obuya'idu!
:Sfring'idu'birva vezh sg'malkhana, imf sfring'idu'birva rrobir'kovati os rrobir'malkhana!
:Urr Xorulirsvu'idu, inirgya'idu, six'idu,
:Yair sixorrir,
:Sfaya'idir!

'''''Translation'''''
----

:Our father, in heaven,
:Your name is Sacred,
:Your kingdom, it comes,
:Your wants, your needs, they shall occur,
:On earth, similar to heaven,
:you give to us now the bread of life,
:You give to us all your compassion,
:You give to us now your forgiveness,
:and you teach to us forgiveness, so we will forgive as you!
:You will not lead us to evil, but you will lead us from temptation, and evil!
:they are your Kingdom, Your power, your all,
:For all time,
:I pray!

==[[Qi (Irfikian Language) | Qi]]==

The Prayer to Sola: The 'lord's prayer' equivalent in the Qilan religion of Solarriam

'''''Qi'a Script:'''''

[[File:Prayer_to_Sola.png]]

'''''Transliteration with Grammar points:'''''

:nalo'áf qi'no a'a so'la o'za no'ó-dá'ó
:''pray we to sola on day(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó da'sana'i lí'di qo'va
:''(adv)continuous shine his light''
:ni'vi'da lí'di vo'o'o qi'no va'lo si'í'i si'a qo'va si'a qo'novir
:''fill he lives our with joy and light and warmth''
:razina'lo'on lí'di va'siro'á na'la
:''bring forth he plants all!''
:fazi'i'os lí'di qa'a'vo'o-i'aza-dá'ó
:''sustain he herd(pl)(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó ni'vi'la'á lí'di va'lo si'zaroni'i qi'no
:''(adv)continuous provide he us with necessities our''
:a'a nazilo'o'a si'a ri'ad
:''to eternity and day''
:qa'asno'oq qi'no li'a'a
:''salute we you''
:va'la'a'í!
:''Prosper!''

'''''Proper translation:'''''

:We pray to sola on this day,
:That his light may continuously shine.
:May he fill our lives with joy, light and warmth
:May he bring forth all plants,
:May he sustain the herds
:May he continuously provide us with what we need
:For eternity and a day
:For we salute you
:Prosper!

==[[Volapük]]==
'''Volapük Rigik - Original Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binon paisaludomöz nem ola!
:Kömomöd monargän ola!
:Jenomöz vil olik, äs in sül, i su tal!
:Bodi obsik vädeliki givolös obes adelo!
:E pardolös obes debis obsik,
:äs id obs aipardobs debeles obas.
:E no obis nindukolös in tendadi;
:sod aidalivolös obis de bad.
:Jenosöd!

'''Volapük Nulik - New Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binol in süls! Nem olik pasalüdükonöd!
:Regän ola kömonöd!
:Vil olik jenonöd, äsä in sül, i su tal!
:Givolös obes adelo bodi aldelik obsik!
:E pardolös obes döbotis obsik,
:äsä i obs pardobs utanes, kels edöbons kol obs.
:E no blufodolös obis,
:ab livükolös obis de bad!
:(Ibä dutons lü ol regän, e nämäd e glor jü ün laidüp.)
:So binosös!

==Todamese==

By [[User:Xadrezo|xadrezo]]

:Meqas up thèladzh [mɛqas up θəladʒ]
:wedy qiv [wɛɟ qiv]
:wey ily [wɛj iʎ]
:odh wediv [ɔð wɛdiv]
:ladzhav thècc [ladʒav θəɕ]
:ow melcadzhapyitsh [ɔw mɛʟadʒapjitʃ]
:ow um ywethèmevits [ɔw um ɥɛθəmɛvits]
:èwh om udh ywethèdhevits [əʍ ɔm uð ɥɛθəðɛvits]
:ow kèm ywethèqgadily [ɔw kɛm ɥɛθəðɛɢadiʎ]
:èwh ow kèny fadzhiv [əʍ ɔw kəɲ fadʒiv]
:èq. [əq]

==[[Calcoradish]]==

[[File:Calcoradish sample text (Lord's prayer).jpg|500px]]

*Latin transcription
:Chém e starden

:Vem stár, edur sór agøis sym naeth; a yidur.
:Yidur dræs vem sǿdur e zøch vendur ǿl nabel.
:Yidur dræs vem volnadúr ol zøch vendur adenǽl.
:Yidur dræs vem lygor e zøch vendur nagǿl aver laghne, den andur aver naeth.
:Zøch fegois e odetol vem yidur codurnedem.
:Zøch adegois e cǽge edur yidur modelaer e chter, corem edur yidur adegedoer vem modenódel e agor yidur.
:Zøch dois gorendrǽl e yidur, em decæis yidur gór modhem.
:Volnadúr em voldor em graneth tordýr e zøch triondor.
:Amen.

==[[Labwese]]==
:Getuz-sovex'Vatu pwo njebex,
:getuz-detu'imje sanktifikate;
:riz-detu'Krolete xri sovex;
:faz-detu'Vile pwo zemlje kil pwo njebe.
:Siwodnja daz-detu sovex'xlote;
:e prastjez-detu sovex'deptex,
:kil prastjez-sovex sovex'deptekex;
:njok perlimjez-detu folz pwo temptatje,
:e rifekez-detu takuj ploxje.
:Amen.

==[[Mentolatian]]==
:zan paher, qua-dauv fí-jeuwof dauv og-quarmenom:
:our father, TOP.you, in the heavens you (be-)where

:nin-fêtyom quesam omfi-secchyom, perem fí-jeuwof i-dvan,
:down-gaze and about-look, from in heavens your,

:arjjaguz quesam cuscuw, dauv:
:blessed and lovely, you

:qua-varam pahera i-zan qua-dauv siyymnom quesam le-nes dauv khoelyos:
:TOP.truth father of us indeed you are and ACC.us you make.whole

:qua-náman i-dvan, yisam he arjjagmenem:
:TOP.name your, that-in.particular it (is) blessed

:qua-reget i-dvan, yisam he nin-wanmnem:
:TOP.realm your, that-in.particular it down-come

:qua-wallwan i-dvan, yisam he tintenmnem:
:TOP.will your, that-in.partic it be beautifully done

:nô ôg-jájomd og-qua-jwí-nô:
:as loc.Gea loc.TOP.Heavens as

:qua-sómat i-zan, cabyôm dauv le-he on-nes yiyi og-yi-sunnu:
:TOP.bread.for.the.day of us, give you ACC.it DAT.us that LOC.this.sun/day

:qua-erufezzí i-zan, nô suwatyôm dauv qua-nes, hessam nes suwatyos nô:
:TOP.sins of-us, as wash.clean you TOP.us, them we wash.clean as

:n-dlatem sem le-nes on-piscamat dauv:
:NEG.put NEG ACC.us DAT.trial you

:rats dlatem le-budem de-yi-tartar:
:quicker send ACC.evil to-that-yonder (away)

:n-wanmnem sem og-nes sem nenfâs.
:NEG.come NEG among-us no evil-doing

==[[Roguel]]==
[[File:Pater-noster-roguel.PNG]]
:Andon burcuetnya sigie burcuteget:
:Ronetlinete Attokorutyo,
:ansiradiyabek ec'ungut,
:onabek t'amanextangut,
:hanyiptabek lhardagut,
:ronde hanodeder.
:Unarihat pankorutit pirkoruma.
:Avelkorutna ripna,
:avelkepkorutna ripnakder.
:Pesadey dumirkorimat merey ik'adibikare.
:Guene t'amanextanek, hurotek, yomonek, kolganalnuk.
:Amen.

==[[Urban Basanawa]]==
Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食与うﾟと我等す今日
: 又ん赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えわ゜と我等之負者
: 又ん無率ど我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, geve to us fondag
: en fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergevet ur beshulders
: en ne leed us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho:p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho:p dai 'kiŋdom 'ko:m/
: /'ho:p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik an hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho: p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:vət ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en ne 'li:t us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/

==Koulesch==
: Fater Unser, der is ime himmel
: Geheiligt werde dain name
: dain raich kome
: dain wille gescheh
: auf erden wie ime himmel
: gib uns heyt unser tagliches brout
: und erlou unsere schulde
: wie wir erloun unsere schuldiger
: und fyyre uns nicht in fersuuchung
: aber befrai uns fomme ybel
: Amen

Pronunciation:
: /'fɑ:tər ʊnsər dɛr ɪs ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /g'he:lɪkt 'ʋɛrdə daɪn 'nɑ:mə/
: /daɪn 'raɪx 'ko:mə/
: /daɪn 'ʋɪl:ə g'ʃe:/
: /auf 'ɛrdən ʋi: ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /'gɪp ʊns 'hɛɪt ʊnsərə 'tɑ:klɪxəs 'bro:t/
: /ʊnt ər'lo: ʊnsərə 'ʃʊldə/
: /ʋi: ʋɪr ər'lo:n ʊnsərə 'ʃʊldɪgər/
: /ʊnt 'fi:rə ʊns nɪxt ɪn fər'su:xʊŋ/
: /abər b'fraɪ ʊns fomə 'i:bəl/
: /ɑ:mən/
Note:
# in Koulesch, /x/ is never pronunced as the voiceless palatal fricative [ç], even before or after front vowels.
# the copula "is" is also sometimes written as "ist", but the form "ist" is considered archaic or dialectical.

==Senjecas==
*9b: ɱúm cemenőm éna tąta̋: tu-fę̋to sa̋kaþo ı̋lo
:1-STA.SG | heaven-STA.PL | in | father-VOC.SG | your=name-NOM.SG | holy-IND-PPTCP-NOM.SG | become-SBJV
*10: tu-ręᵹta̋iɱa ǧe̋mo: tu-tőla kı̋aþa ı̋lo épa cemenőmk̬e v̌ętősk̬' éna
:your=kingdom-NOM.SG | come-SBJV | your=will-NOM.SG | do-IND-PPTCP-NOM.SG | become-SBJV | as | heaven-STA.PL-and | earth-STA.SG-and-ELIS | in
*11: ɱúm o sáhvi ɱúm sa̋ho k̬a̋zom dǫ̋e
:1-STA.PL | to this-day-ADV | 1-STA.PL | this-day | bread-MOT.SG | give-IMP
*12: ɱúm vų̋mon ɱum dų̋re épa ɱus ɱúm vų̋mlun dų̋ra
:1-STA.PL | debt-MOT.PL | 1-MOT.PL | debtor-MOT.PL | forgive-IND | as | 1-NOM.PL | 1-STA.PL | debtor-MOT.PL | forgive-IND
*13: xę̋lam | éna | ɱun | de̋uke | mę | þǫ́si | łąxta̋s | ápa | ɱun | še̋ve
: temptation-MOT.SG in 1-MOT.PL lead-IMP not but evil-STA.SG from 1-MOT.PL free-IMP
*hi | ręᵹta̋iɱak̬e | ɱa̋kak̬e | ṁa̋gok̬e | tús | o | še̋ðtam | éna | e̋sa
:for | kingdom-NOM.SG-and | power-NOM.SG-and | glory-NOM.SG-and | eternity | into | be-IND

=Alternative Writing System=
==[[Tower Orthography|Tawyr Oorthaagryfii]]==
*Erlii Maadyrn Ingglic (1662 BCP)
:Aur Fadhyr, witc art in Hevyn,
:Halood bii dhai Neem.
:Dhai Kingdym cym.
:Dhai wil bii dyn,
:in erth az it iz in Hevyn.
:Giv ys dhis dee aur deelii bred.
:And foorgiv ys aur trespasiz,
:Az wii foorgiv dhem dhat trespas ygenst ys.
:And liid ys naat intuu tempteetcyn;
:Byt dylivyr ys frym iivil.
:[Foor dhain iz dhy kingdym, dhy pawyr, and dhy gloorii,
:Foor ever and ever.] Amen.

==Mënk==
By [[User:Sam_s89|Sam_s89]]

*An alternative writing system for a Mancunian conlang, still in the early stages of development.
:Ë të-afse,
:Wah bÿ n Elÿsÿum,
:Fntastk bÿ je næm.
:Je tym kum
:Je wanh bÿ tun
:N ve Näf n Elÿsÿum.
:Gf wÿ ttæ ë clep
:N fegyf ë prÿfjus
:N wÿ ulfegyf veh wah prÿfjus wÿ
:N tunt sent wÿ nefe temcun
:But tlyfe wÿ frm ÿfyl
:[Fe Elÿsÿum, ve pë n glary bÿ ja, në n frefe]
:Ëmn

==[['Ingglish|Íngglish]]==
By [[User:Personak|personak]].

*King Dgeimzs Vurczén (King James Version)
:Aur fáadhur,
:Which aart in héeven,
:Háaloud bii dhai neim.
:Dhai kíngdem kuom,
:Dhai wil bii duon on Urth,
:Azs it izs in héeven.
:Giv uos dhis dei aur déiliy breed.
:And fourgív uos aur deets,
:As wii fourgív aur déeterzs.
:And liid uos not íntuu teemptéicsen,
:Buot delíver uos fruom íivel:
:Four dhain izs dhe kíngdem, and dhe páuwer, and dhe glóuriy, fouréver.
:Éimeen.

[[Category:Texts]]

Our Father

2015-05-14T19:36:25Z

K1234567890y: /* Koulesch */

'''Our Father''', also known as the '''Lord's Prayer''', is a widely-known prayer of Christianity. It is used by linguists and conlangers for comparing the differences between languages. In many cases it is also called the '''Pater Noster''' because of the widespread use of Latin in the Church. There are even [[Runes|Runic]] inscriptions in Latin along the lines of "say a Pater Noster for so-and-so's soul."

=Natlangs=
==[[Romance Languages]]==
===Latin===
:Pater noster, qui es in caelis:
:sanctificetur Nomen Tuum;
:adveniat Regnum Tuum;
:fiat voluntas Tua,
:sicut in caelo, et in terra.
:Panem nostrum cotidianum da nobis hodie;
:et dimitte nobis debita nostra,
:Sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris;
:et ne nos inducas in tentationem;
:sed libera nos a Malo.

===[[Spanish]]===
:Padre nuestro, que estás en los cielos,
:santificado sea tu Nombre;
:venga tu Reino;
:hágase tu Voluntad,
:así en la tierra como en el cielo.
:Nuestro pan cotidiano dánosle hoy;
:y perdónanos nuestras deudas,
:así como nosotros hemos perdonado a nuestros deudores;
:no nos dejes caer en tentación,
:mas líbranos del mal.
:Amén.

==[[Germanic languages]]==
===[[High German]]===
:Vater Unser im Himmel,
:Geheiligt werde Dein Name,
:Dein Reich komme.
:Dein Wille geschehe,
:Wie im Himmel, so auf Erden.
:Unser tägliches Brot gib uns heute,
:Und vergib uns unsere Schuld,
:Wie auch wir vergeben unseren Schuldigern.
:Und führe uns nicht in Versuchung,
:Sondern erlöse uns von dem Bösen.
:Denn Dein ist das Reich und die Kraft
:und die Herrlichkeit, in Ewigkeit.
:Amen.

===[[Dutch]]===
:Onze Vader,
:die in de hemelen zijt,
:geheiligd zij Uw naam.
:Uw rijk kome,
:Uw wil geschiede op aarde als in de hemel.
:Geef ons heden ons dagelijks brood,
:en vergeef ons onze schulden,
:gelijk ook wij vergeven aan onze schuldenaren.
:En leid ons niet in bekoring,
:maar verlos ons van het kwade.

===[[Modern English]] ELLC (1988)===
:Our Father in heaven,
:hallowed be your name,
:your kingdom come,
:your will be done,
:on earth as in heaven.
:Give us today our daily bread.
:Forgive us our sins
:as we forgive those who sin against us.
:Save us from the time of trial
:and deliver us from evil.
:[For the kingdom, the power, and the glory are yours
:now and for ever. Amen.]

===[[Early Modern English]] (1662 BCP)===
:Our Father, which art in Heaven,
:Hallowed be thy Name.
:Thy Kingdom come.
:Thy will be done,
:in earth as it is in Heaven.
:Give us this day our daily bread.
:And forgive us our trespasses,
:As we forgive them that trespass against us.
:And lead us not into temptation;
:But deliver us from evil.
:[For thine is the kingdom, The power, and the glory,
:For ever and ever.] Amen.

===[[Middle English]]===
:Fader ure ðatt art in hevene blisse,
:Ðin hege name itt wurðe bliscedd,
:Cumen itt mote ði kingdom,
:Ðin hali wil it be al don,
:In heven and in erðe all so,
:So itt sall ben ful wel ic to;
:Gif us alle one ðis dai,
:Ure bred of iche dai,
:And forgive us ure sinne,
:Als we don ure wiðerwinnes:
:Leet us noct in fondlinge fall,
:Ooc fro ivel ðu sild us alle. Amen.

===[[Anglo-Saxon]]===
:Fæder ūre, þū eart on heofonum:
:sī þīn nama ȝehāȝlod.
:Tōbecume þīn rīce.
:Ȝeƿeorþe þīn ƿilla
:on eorþan sƿāsƿā on heofonum.
:Ūre dæȝhƿāmlican hlāf sielle ūs tō dæȝe.
:And forȝief ūs ūre ȝyltas
:sƿāsƿā ƿē forȝiefaþ ūrum ȝyltendem.
:And ne ȝelǣd þū on costnunȝe,
:ac ālīes ūs of yfele.

===[[Norwegian]]===
:Fader vår, du som er i himmelen!
:Helliget vorde ditt navn;
:komme ditt rike;
:skje din vilje,
:som i himmelen, så og på jorden;
:gi oss idag vårt daglige brød;
:og forlat oss vår skyld,
:som vi og forlater våre skyldnere;
:og led oss ikke inn i fristelse;
:men fri oss fra det onde.
:For riket er ditt,
:og makten og æren i evighet.
:Amen.

==[[Celtic Languages]]==

===[[Proto-Gallo-Brythonic]]===
:Asron atīr, esti·i̯o eni nemesi,
:noibos buu̯et tou anu̯an,
:ro·to·aχsāt tou rīgi̯on
:u̯reχtus tou au̯illos
:u̯or talamoni samalī eni nemesi.
:Asron baragon petidīi̯ācon dā snūs sindīu̯on.
:Matu̯ī snūs asron dligetā,
:samalī i̯on matu̯imos asron dligeti̯obo,
:ne·c snīs wede dū u̯osagitē,
:eχtos snīs dīlunge au u̯allū.
:Amen.

=Conlangs=

Feel free to add Lord's prayer in your conlangs' version here.

==[[Aingeljã]]==
Nou Pare, qwe ets nou cell, 
qwe santificat eh vou nome, 
qwe vene a nos vou reixĩ. 
Qwe eh façata va voluntà, 
tant na terra com nou cell. 
Donat-nus hogge nou pã qwotiggãn 
e pardonat-nus nas ofensas, 
com tantbain nos pardonèms qwĩns ofensen-nus. 
E nõ deixat-nus cadre na tentazõn 
e lluwerat-nus dou Mal. 
Amain. 

==[[Altherkin Itak]]==
[[File:Our_Father_-_Altherkin_Itak_-_Script_4.JPG]]

:Jia'meh Abbous Jeon'yajeo naebu de, namaewae Yi beilahjeon ang de.
:Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi beilah.
:Jikan fotei, dei'fover Yi werben no Jeo e'ea Jeon'yajeo naebu.
:Deikan ima e'ea deikan'mej, lat warei kae'a jia'meh nimo.
:Luswerzya luswer jia'meh paliya. Warei ahsu luswer luswerzya dei'fover nyan.
:Yi beilah nei warei jianxi werben dili, da'a'te Yi warei proteto detei luswer paliya.
:(Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi ang de, ta Jeonji, e'ea ta pa'a'me, por jikan fotei mej.)
:Ohmaen

:Our Father Heaven inside is, name you holy it is.
:Land of God your exist.
:Time future, intent you act of Earth and Heaven inside.
:Today and every day, To us bread our give.
:Forget sins our please. We their sin forget intend also.
:You "To be" no us cause "to act" bad, but you us protect from sin please.
:(Land of God yours it is, The divine power, and the glory, for time future all.)
:Amen

[http://www.facebook.com/v/2682096943833 Hear it read by Motonjia (external Link)]

==[[Arkhæn | Arkhæn]]==
A Prayer to The Psynecerion, a polytheistic "Lord's Prayer" equivalent in the religion of Kareigăn-Hæx religion.

=== Modern Arkhæn Alkavăht Script ===
[[File:Arkhaen_Lordprayer.PNG]]

=== Romanized: ===
:Keir præhăm mhe jzakar Yfikt Sehri,
:Hoth amăn khăma taiku Hæx, ara Gaateni
:Keir amăn ir ăndrgaaten, keir flær dhe vari, mhe garăm deru cogan dhe miyar kædi
:Mhe kariar ăz i ăn ara zeidu joirk ak mhe mujes jzakar haqeinan dhe hjaani
:Măhdi keir suod zăn hoth adr, măhdi keir anămi zăn hoth adr,
:Mhe ghejz haqeinan zuk i ăn ăhsl dyhijoi
:Măhdi hoth gaate qajoi dyhijoi mhe mujes jzakar kanrqeinăn avarkhe
:Măhdi ăhsl mhe takad kăhkănen dhe jzakar ræhi dhe hjaani ak dhe jzakr Kareigăn-Hæx.
:Aze Takădi!

=== Translation: ===
:We pray to the Perfect Ones,
:They who came from Six, our creators
:We who are subservient, we ask of them, to lend us some of their strength
:To carry on our daily tasks and to keep the balance of nature
:May we live as they do, may we die as they do, to bring balance upon all worlds
:May they create more worlds to drive the imbalance away.
:May all to be enlightened of the ways of nature and of the Original Six.
:Aze Takadi! (both a greeting gesture as well as a sort of "amen")

==[[The World|Avantimanisc]]==
:Oure fadêr that be yn heuenerihhe;
:sende ye-hallawet thin namô;
:cwem te thin rihhdomaz;
:sende thin wellez ye-dôn swo yn medwaralde swo yn heuenam;
:yef ôs on te daye oure ĳelckday susteynavant;
:ande ôs foryef oure detes,
:swo we foryef te oure detendam;
:ande ne lîth ôs nouwt te thon castynge,
:but framward-ôs-lôs fram euele.

==Esperanto==
:Patro nia, kiu estas en la ĉielo,
:sanktigata estu Via nomo.
:Venu Via regno.
:Fariĝu Via volo,
:kiel en la ĉielo, tiel ankaŭ sur la tero.
:Nian panon ĉiutagan donu al ni hodiaŭ.
:Kaj pardonu al ni niajn ŝuldojn,
:kiel ankaŭ ni pardonas al niaj ŝuldantoj.
:Kaj ne konduku nin en tenton,
:sed liberigu nin de la malbono.
:(Ĉar Via estas la regno kaj la potenco
:kaj la gloro eterne.)
:Amen.

==[[Háfrig]]==
:Kes Etâr, qwin il eskáleo ri,
:genomentuz i missild,
:offimmoz i tis agenir,
:geroz i tis élekk,
:léda l-eskálio, śo l-edzúroro si.
:Forventikál vekánandum dontiz káj píl,
:et offűliz i bêtgánandu,
:léda ke s’ offűlam i h-inóvand bêtdífendo.
:E gin véliz kum kojsitána,
:ak gemojgiriz i vultími.
:(Dé tis i h-agenir, i forrel e l-iskür forvenâk.)
:Roz ö-gen.

==Lojban==
:doi cevrirni.iu noi zvati le do cevzda do'u fu'e .aicai .e'ecai lo do cmene ru'i censa
:.i le do nobli turni be la ter. ku se cfari
:.i loi do se djica ba snada mulno vi'e le cevzda .e .a'o la ter.
:.i fu'e .e'o ko dunda ca le cabdei le ri nanba mi'a
:.i ko fraxu mi loi ri zu'o palci
:.ijo mi fraxu roda poi pacyzu'e xrani mi
:.i ko lidne mi fa'anai loi pacyxlu
:.i ko sepri'a mi loi palci
:.i .uicai ni'i loi se turni .e loi vlipa .e loi mi'orselsi'a cu me le do romei
:fa'o

==[[Anoé]]==

:,nul-((fuuilat-en-ia)-él-éltil)

:efma-en-ve fi-atfalit tléé

:((tintom-en-ve fi-ulaat tléé

:uuifó-en-ve fó-én-aé)

:an-(Earth)-fn-(al-ló-él-éltil)).

:,ve ie-aile-ufuium li-aten-óf-(ailu)-at-ia.

:,ve felien-en-ia éliuón-at-ia

:nif-(ia én-(laéen ia feliu) éliuón-at-al.

:,ve ia erian-ól-(ésélit-en-uilien)

:tléé ve ia erian-sééld.

:(fan ól-tintom tlé ól-élein tlé ól-aliaten (al-en-ve al

:ló-(et-tlé-néf)). ,fti-ló.)

==Classical Longrimol==
{{seealso|Longrimol}} by [[User:Longrim|Longrim]]

:Adhorom nedhúrer
:airalichy raivog
:therdhäil darandorog
:dhánäilichy malfog
:márchan nedhúrer
:gweltheljbantho-m'il
:jaldhtharvo-m'il
:oi thärvim mênjäldhim
:dhulro-m'il glastainúlong
:dhulro-m'il gruidhong.

:[find i dharandr-og cambadh-og asdago-og cwildhríl. Emín.]

==Classical Arithide==
{{seealso|Classical Arithide}} by [[User:Denihilonihil|Eugene]]
{{seealso|Arithide Sample Text Corpus}}

{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" width="66%"
|-
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Classical Arithide
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Late Classical Arithide
|-
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rignā, zōon saluminnum, histamosit illos ays. Egēra lisgas ays. Reskerosit deiros ays, halagum saluminnumena. Rignor emereto haror omer krerērō, a kansārērō irige syndrē, rīgisae syndirēnēs kansārena. On rege avgērērō thiftiae, nege rege magārērō vokirōn. Amen.
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rikin, saluminnum hero, histamesit illos ayn. Egura lisgas ayn. Reskeresit deiros ayn, halaginnum saluminnumena. Rikin emnatir haro omnat kreruras, nam kansaruras rīkae syndrē, rikisyndoris syndirēnēs kansariena. On riko avlataguras orgrei, nege riko magāruras vokyrōn. Amen.
|}

==Ellesklavan==
{{seealso|Ellesklavan}}

:vidrömü, ci eu en éfni,
:aolé eu tli nömü.
:tli řoyamü viyen.
:tli sřay eu fazi,
:en teřya é ža eu en éfni.
:dono no sé širu pasirana kotined.
:éti frocefi no trégepaseniran,
:kön no frocefi elehli ci trégepaseni kontri no.
:éti neu kleřtni pa no ostü betnosü;
:mé délifeř no dé džharag.
:(porceu lešé eu lé řoyamü, lé pufovřir, éti lé kloriyen,
:por tu éti tu) amné.

== Teeverb Kuluxem ==
{{seealso|Teeverb Kuluxem}}

Teeverb Kuluxem:

:Tuchomat Kulonar:
:Padre keeyuhn infadia, uba' nio shuuran,
:Tunatma kuyuhn echa' tubonflaken.
:Yaco-ubhiemna tukinglak kunoi tuyumya,
:Shem yaco-ubfin tupaj kunoi,
:Nio shutereen sima nio shuuran.
:Pal-ubofero tukwam kudiama kuval alt sheeyuhn;
:Shem pal-ubforglan teeyuhn sima okforglan teeotheeno;
:Vo pal-ubleedha teeyuhn alt shutemapta,
:Kief pal-ubforma okvan vaeem shupekitat;
:Tukinglak shem tufuertlas shem tuglameeka eshadda kunoi.
:Amen

Translation:

:The prayer of the Lord:
:The Father of Ours, who is in Heaven,
:Your name is great.
:Bring your kingdom here,
:And accomplish your plan,
:On Earth the same as in Heaven.
:Give us the food of this day;
:Forgive us the same as we forgive others;
:Do not lead us to temptation,
:But force us to go away from evil;
:The glory, the power and the glory are your's.
:Amen

==Thorsutian==
{{seealso|Thorsutian}}

:Man baset, cus ёd nё parasje,
:ёsmardzsёn ёdur xjen zavke.
:Xjen mёbraţje rikas.
:Xjen zsёdu çozid,
:ёn toke siç ёd tho parasjud.
:Jat maţu ked ord man vorje bucje.
:E ţalis maţu man funёbartiv,
:siç maţ ţalёmi çadёk cus funёbart kurda maţu
:E pron maţu nok tho ёnarzsud,
:pas shonah maţu el necud,
:(ţa xjen ёl mёbraţi, uuzs, e strirren,
:ţa dadarma e dadarma.)
:Amen

==Tauro-Piscean==
{{seealso|Tauro-Piscean language}}

:Tet Fedä ëleêses, wa zï in Heofonem,
:¡Letan tet Namen janes clenê bean!
:Tet Kïnedom janes kum.
:¡Letan tet Willê janes dodê bean,
:Et Eëtenem tonnê in Heofonem!
:¡Jefan ëleêsen tode tet jedewamliken Bräden!
:¡And fëjefan ëleêsen te Jïêlten,
:Tonnê ëleês fëjef kvinem, dass makê Jïêlten!
:¡And ledan ëleêsen nat in Kostnungen,
:Ak beëjan ëleêsan fram Ïfeêlem!
:[Tï janes zï tet Kïnedom, tet Mït and tet Wöldë,
:To efä nes efä.] Sotlikê.

It is worth noting that the Tauro-Piscean language evolved into the (New) West Germanic language below.

==West Germanic==
{{seealso|West Germanic language}}

:Uɍę Ąldoɍ, tu tąt is in ħjovonųm,
:Si tin namę halaɉ.
:Kumę tin riŧę,
:Maŧiǫn tin wįleǫn up eɍdųm ék swa in ħjovonųm.
:Uɍę daɉliŧ lafǫn gįvǫn us todaɉ,
:ǫnd foɍgįvǫn us uɍę ſųldzǫn ék swa we foɍgįf uɍę ſųldaɉǫn.
:Ǫnd faɍǫn tu ųn in ħjan kǫstnųnðǫn, ak luzǫn ųn uvęlęnę.
:[Ųmbętąt tin is tąt riŧę, tąt miħt ǫnd tąt wųldoɍ,
:ąvɍweɍd eŧę.]
:Sodliŧę.

==Vityng by [[User:Schlaier|Schlaier]]==
{{seealso|Vityng}}
{{seealso|Vityng our Father}}

:fæðirr óssa, hvem ar i himinn
:nama þinn ver hǽlge
:kónungrikk þinn ver gaður
:øskja þinn ver skaftur
:an eorð og sva i himinn.
:ǿssi gefar dægglykur brǿð óssa, þessa dagg.
:og synni óssa grætar óss
:sva varr grætum þætt ƕað skap synni an ǿssi
:i nǿðen lǽðarna óss
:og fram yfil takar óss.
:sænnlykur.

==Nytal==
{{seealso|Nytal}}
{{seealso|Nytal biblical texts}}

:Babu ni la, ki ad’jo ju ojl 
:Ni la a’šijnt noym Ok 
:Nori sliknost Ok 
:Ni la a’nut ehoj Ok 
:Iknijt ju ojl, Iknijt sjep bajus vsi 
:Ole tyahri er ni la ejs ni la 
:A vlup er ni la le finans ni la 
:Iknijt gek ni la a’vlup er le mefinanser ni la 
:A ta nenijt ni la ka medoljem 
:U vrij ni la de olim 
::Amen

==Lánc==
{{seealso|Lánc}}

:Vojun nát, eráv bálot
:Townon úk svútutolas
:Townon krišpót atja
:Townon šalja toljas
:Džú bálot džu pánot
:Lakfadžo vojay vojunon banfadžáro bágwo kál
:Ši vojay vojunyojon plačoy gwalč
:Džu vój vojunyajon plajačanay mijo gwalčen
:Ši vojo onás gorávtjámás ét majv
:Ýbo vojo ód ono gráwno nálutol.
:Amen

==[[Leet_Speak|L337 5q34Ҟ]]==

:0ύЯ ph4th3r N ん3\/N,
:L33+ 1z ur N￥m,
:ur Ӄ1n6|)0mz h3Я3 nao,
:u 90んん4 cl00 vv47 u w4んん4 cl00,
:0n 34r+ん L13k n ん3\/N.
:L37z 34+ 2d4y l13k d4 07hЯ d31,
:461v h0w3r fragz & pks plz,
:& wii vv1LL 461v3 d4 w0nz dat phr4993d u5.
:$4v3 uz phr0m d4 fl00d,
:& 41$0 phr0m d4 L337 3v!|_.
:4ym3んz.

==Lišěč==
{{seealso|Lišěč}}
{|
|
:<center>'''''Latin alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Fial Ipa, ktõr õłokotë tajväka
:sanktakammë leel nimien
:mënnajast leel küningrik
:tĕdaekemmë leel vylen
:śo tajväka, śo mälmake
:đnes antajatë fiam đnesmasen lĕjpäen
:õnt fergepejetë fial velkĕnesen
:śo fi fergepekemmë fial velketelnesem
:õnt ĕłi oğiatojotë ferśukedenë
:õnt svobõdojotë fian pakadaţë
:Amen
||
:<center>'''''Cyrillic alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Фиал Ипа, ктõр õљокотё тайвäка
:санктакаммё леел нимиен
:мённайаст леел кÿнингрик
:тĕдаекеммё леел вылен
:зо тайвäка, зо мäлмаке
:ћнес антайатё фиам ћнесмасен лĕйпäен
:õнт фергепейетё фиал велкĕнесен
:зо фи фергепекеммё фиал велкетелнесем
:õнт ĕљи ођиатойотё ферзукеденё
:õнт свобõдойотё фиан пакадаθё
:Амен
|}

==Keβag==
{{seealso|Keβag}}

:Fät man, lë beş ë pöt taɸ ë nheμet'
:lo seintsat ë seɸot'u ðo
:qeşa e dewönhoxul ðo
:ër sat'a ë pełäk do
:aże taɸ ë nheμet', aże taɸ ë nhujm'
:ovinë manheşë ekys ë nałecu ekyşoru μan
:cë danosë en μyg μan
:lo danos aże en μyɣocuv μan
:cë μë phonë manhëm taɸ ë rhejżaxaş
:aca püksatё manhëm renh e-ekwaň.
:Amen

==Teycil==
{{seealso|Teycil}}
:Paycil, jsomnajs hœjcoir væ
:zulev jsuveno lea
:ga ayro bolmadanev
:malev nā lea
:jsomnajs me ehrenajs
:moljga luie molojzunour mujxel ga beih
:me jqœnūl ga gjrebeih
:polajs-ajga jqœnosæcūl gjrebō lea
:me pîrojgīne xo le ga doikot vā
:tu jræsīne jcon le ga jzineih vā
:Amēn

==Nician==
{{seealso|Nician}}

:'''Il nost pat'''

:Il nost pat, chi ses nis ceis,
:Saintifcat sie’l tu nom.
:Venì’l tu regn.
:Se face la tue volontat,
:Nis ceis com sope la terre.
:Oz dànos il nost pan cottizan.
:E dimìttenos is nosts dèvits,
:Com ezze nos dimittius ais nosts devitoes.
:E n’indùcenos in teumtazion,
:Veò lìveanos da male.

==Brithenig==

:Nustr Padr, ke sia i llo chel,
:sia senghid tew nôn,
:gwein tew rheon,
:sia ffaeth tew wolont,
:syrs lla der sig i llo chel.
:Dun nustr pan diwrnal a nu h-eidd;
:e pharddun llo nustr phechad a nu,
:si nu pharddunan llo nustr phechad.
:E salw nu di'll temp di drial,
:mai llifr nu di'll mal.
:Per ill rheon, ill cofaeth e lla leir es ill tew, per segl e segl.

==Kerno==

:a Phazeoir Nusteor que bias 'n y ceues;
:foreth noef il tew nom;
:gouenyes il tew camouils;
:foreth fès la teva gouoluntáts
:en lâ derra cuomo 'ny ceues;
:danos-el osdia le nusteor panèn cuotidièn;
:dimeti y nusteor dheuz
:cuomo dimitemus ai nusteor dheutoeres;
:et ne nus attrayer rhen al tentación,
:mays eliveránus des val.

==Old High Jermench==

:fatzar nôstar cî es in câlîs
:seiaz cunsantzîts noum twou
:wienaz rin twou
:seiaz cundahtûts wuontzats twâ
:siht in câl ah in zerra
:fân nôstar côsitân ta nous houd
:ez ferdouna nous ôdsa nôstra
:siht ez nus ferdounams ôdintîs nôstrîs
:ez nei nus intûtzas in zinhôn
:mâhs liura nus tei mâl

==Talarian==

:elemtilenopâtar
:sánctyata tawas xonomar-ca-he
:wewóytâ hanirfanar-ca-he
:pepelewórkâ tawas walar-ca-he
:hostanuššexomani-han-he
:elemtileno-han-he
:tatâhyata-me tâlcoteyel támtar-ca-he
:ffaffalyata-me mesas taipallanar-ca-he
:ffalmá cam taipallanar-ca-he
:anhaharxanyata-me çalarswwalana-ca-he
:roromyata-me tusar-te-he. Omen.

:Heavenly Father
:and blessed-be thy name
:and realised-be spiritual-Rest
:and fullydone-be thy will
:and Middle-World-in-the
:and Heavens-in-the
:and give us each-day godly-gift-the
:and wash us our spiritual-separation
:and we wash their spiritual-separation
:and burden-not us heavenly-adjudication-by
:and guide us evil-out-from

==LΙΝҀΟΥΑ LΟΥϹΑΡ / Loucarian==

:ΝЄΜЄΤ ϚΟϚΠЄІΤΟ ΠѠΔΙϹ ῙϹ ϹΑΤΑ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ : ЄΤΤΙ ΠЄJЄΤΟ ῙϹ:
:ЄΝΑΜϜЄΡϜЄΡ ΤΙΜ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ ϹΟΥΔЄΙЄΡЄ ΙϹΑ:
:ΑΒΒΑ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЄΝ ϚΑΜΑΥΑΝΑΜ ΝΑ
:ϘЄΔΔЄϹ ΑL ΝΟΜΟΝ ΔΙ ΤΙΜЄΤ
:ϚѠΠΠЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΟΥΜΜЄΝ ΔΙ ΤΙ ΠѠΔЄϘϹ ΦЄϹΤΙΝΑΜ
:ΟΥΤΤΑΤΟ ϜΑΔ ΑL ΑLΦΑϹ ΔΙ ΤΙ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΤΙΡ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΠΑΡΑΔЄΙϚΙΑΜ
:ϹϜЄΡϹΑΡЄ ΤΙ ΑΔΙϹ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЮΤΙΜ ΑL ΠΟΥΝΤΙΜ ϹΑϚϹΟΥΜНΝЄϹ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ
:ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΑL ΙϹΑΙϹΑ ΝΟΒΟΝ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ϘΟΥЄΜ ΝΑϹ ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΑΜΑΔЄΡΑΜ ΔΙ ΝЄϚϚЄΡ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔΟΥϹЄΡЄ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔΙϹ ΠЄΙΡΑϚΜΟΜ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔН ϹѠΙΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔ ΙΝJΟΥΔΙϚϚΙΑΜ. ѨΜΙΝ.

:They ask to Jesus concerning to pray; and said Jesus:
:Whenever you pray say this:
:Father of us in-heaven-in
:holy the name of you
:become the heavenly-realm of you with fast
:go done the will of you as in the earth as in the paradise
:give you towards us today the bread of-everyday of us
:wipe-away you the this-here sin of us as we wipe-away the sinship of them
:do-not lead us towards temptation
:do-not but put you us to trial. amen.

==(Modern) Ialacian==

:Yamono Fadatheudeur inmiso hedeveudeun,
:leteyim no nekem bi aneurshta.
:Leteyim no kidingdeudeum kam,
:leteyim kiena waonteyim fu hapeun bi dushta
:onmiso eukeurtheu asoru biya dushta inmiso hedeveudeun.
:Giveyim pamo tisoneun yamono neunlimiso beurekedeu.
:Forgiveyim pamo aru yamono sikinsi
:jesteumiso asoru haveyamo alsorumiso forgiveushta taseto kien sin agensteumiso pamo.
:Kipeyim pamo feurommiso faollinggeu intumiso sikin kienu biyamo tempeushta.
:Seiveyim pamo feurommiso lo iveulmung in;
:foru lo kidingdeudeum, lo padauweudeur, toru lo geulodoridi bi yimno, forueveurmiso. Amen.

==(Modern) Avelian==

:Camo no Fadatheudeur inmiseot hedeveudeun,
:cim letnida no netem bimnida-aneurnidayo.
:Cim letnida no kidingdeudeum kamao,
:cim letnida kimnat weontnida hapeunao bimnida-dumnidayo
:onmiseot euteurtheu cometeo ca bimnida-dumnidayo inmiseot hedeveudeun.
:Cim givnida camo koretien camo no tienlimiseot beureted.
:Cim forgivnida camo ateo camo no sitin
:jestmiseot cometeo camo alsuteomiseot forgivnijiyo il kim sinnida agenstmiseot camo.
:Cim kipnida camo feurommiseot feolshao intumiseot sitin kimnut camo bimnida-tempnidayo.
:Cim seivnida camo feurommiseot iveulmang il;
:feteo kidingdeudeum, padauweudeur, kuteo geulodoridi biseo cim no, kuteoeveurmiseot. Emen.

==Bu'ochia==

:Njosto padrón, kia asta an chiellium
:Chea sjen nom asta sancituri
:Chea sjen raliam venvi
:Chea sjen volosón asta naochi
:Ser terrum sem ser chiellium
:Dunnavi-noasta azi njosto pani je chachi uro
:Pardanvi njostosi ovenchuvati
:Ser noasta pardunomós achi ere ellum kia noasta uvos ovensuvasa
:Lel nen noasta inducha teminotium
:Masi leberani noasta ochje malum.
:Aminan

==[[Nyenglisk]]==

:Ár faður ín hevinað,
:Halóað er þín nam,
:þín kingdom kome,
:þín vil er makað,
:on erðað as ín hevinað.
:Give víð tilda ár dali bred.
:Forgive víð, ár sina
:As ví forgive þata, som sin eje víð
:Save ví fro tímiðum af trialað
:o delive ví fro ývilað
:[For kingdomiðum, páeriðum, o glóríðum er þíns ná o for evur. Amen.]

==[[Solaric]]==

:Fòrr ewo nhebn,
:neem Yöö yehöle,
:rüü Yöö yesiwoikèm
:weu Yöö yesiwoigeedü
:nadwol loi nhebn.
:yügevusye daalebreed ewo tadee.
:Yüfgevus eemyesen ewo,
:loi wifgevem daa deesen ngeets us.
:Yüseevys frè jentaam,
:an yübrengus frè ivu.
:[Kèz ödrüü, edpawo, 'n odgloi deeyööz
:nyo 'n freve. Amen.]

==Intrekómi==
:Món Pápa ínno ávno,
:ton nomí es holíninó,
:ton ressilénto komí,
:Te hi esóno finí,
:ono l’Érti se ínno ávno.
:Áttū ma’ món díni bréto sedí.
:Forgívū món sína per mas
:se ma forgíva la pópla ki sí kon mas.
:Sévū mas de l’hóro di triálo
:ve delíverū mas de la vílo.
:[Per la ressilénto, la póvro, ve la glóro es ton
:adéssi ve per etérni. Ámen.]

==Theudo==
:Than pár ágí,yrth thí inn yln,
:yrth than avn ádích ogam,
:Kumadth than unkrig ádích,
:Mymeridth than abad ádích,
:Onn jorder ek inn yln.
:Gefathí égí than yndé broth ágí
:ug yrdylathí égí thaí egání ágí,
:ek yrdylath égí étí dach égánath alyn égí.
:ug dá burdithí égí dá díchossen,
:ach durthí égí am drogh.
:[Lí yrth sy than unkrig ádích, than ubres ug than gylá. Líny ug y. Amen]

==[[Sandic]] (Kémani)==
:Pé da aŵ pa lēyar,
:Daeyui obatara béenú pé,
:Béno pé obaféd,
:Wîc pé obatoka,
:Ó ba imprîâ obatokara ŵhé pa ân.
:Ŵian ta damdabin jémohnin otiab opétora,
:Ta lenadabin aŵin otiab opéfama,
:Ta kémabin, ŵiab opur, otiab opéfama.
:Ŵian opéneot ma ân aŵtewîc ân ma dabin lenain,
:A ŵiab frn wîc ân ma dabin akenoin opéjjémz.
:[Pa skra jébi- Ba imprîâ frn pé batara, iné wî ba béno, iné wî ba auzeract,
:Gre kala, jéb obatara,]
:Lēamian

==[[Dmezk]]==

:Boja,
:Pani morosza muno metsa
:Muno motsekune asza
:Urhdu murez munazi otso numira fujarez arhmede,
:ko drokesza murez numira lofurajizy,
:Kru murez drokesza murez furetez dusz lek e murez muteke.
:Ko furetez murez enu umz ki dorake.

==[[Parra]]==
{|
|
:<center>''Latin:''</center>
:Papa denes, ce da a seli,
:Noma dedi esi santo fa fara.
:Sarso dedi fa veni,
:Vola dedi esi fa fara, tanta a sinla, tanta a seli.
:Ves den, xat de den per nos dada,
:E debiti denes perona, tanta nos perona emedebiti denes.
:E a temta nos ne conduşu,
:Ma nos escer de saló fara. Amén
||
:<center>''Cyrillic:''</center>
:Папа дэнэс кэ да а сэли,
:Нома дэди эси санто фа фара.
:Сарсо деди фа вени,
:Вола деди эси фа фара, танта а синла, танта а сэли.
:Вес ден, хат де ден пер нос дада,
:Э девити денес перона, танта нос перона эмэдебити денес.
:Э а тэмта нос нэ кондушу,
:Ма нос эскещэ дэ салӧ фара. Амӭн.
|}

==[[Kihā́mmic]]==
'''Kihā́mmic Millenium Bible'''

Gloss

'''9 Vámû náčûm hekóš fáz kašā́ etômá: mnốmô Dárat kétômô yû́n Yégkhāne sói, danamá tīdá sōramá séi.'''

9 You (n pl nom) have to (pres n pl) pray (inf) how (conj) according to (conj) this (f sing gen): our (m sing nom) Father (m sing nom) who (m sing nom) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (pres m sing), your (f sing nom) name (f sing nom) holy (f sing nom) be (pres f sing).

'''10 Ī́tnômô Yegašā́n ôfót, ī́tnûm yón lé Gántre yā́ yû́n Yégkhāne tróp verázamô.'''

10 Your (m sing nom) Kingdom (m sing nom) come (fut imp m sing), yours (m sing nom) on (prep) the (m sing prep) Earth (m sing prep) as (adv) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (fut imp m sing) do (past part m sing nom).

'''11 Klûrû́vû pā́dû yû́n étôme klûrét mámô stagaþố.'''

11 Daily (n sing nom) bread (n sing nom) on (prep) this (f sing prep) day (f sing prep) we (n pl all) give (imp m sing).

'''12 Yanošố mánômā solgkhámā yā́ mánômā solgkhonámā mámû yanû́m.'''

12 Pardon (imp m sing) our (m pl acc) debt (m pl acc) as (adv) our (m pl acc) debtor (m pl acc) we (n pl nom) pardon (pres n pl).

'''13 Ôyán nárstûnô mámā ôkradžôtố bán é ayán eutá mámā čulūtố paškomá ī́tnûm sói lố čanák é lố tūkál ə́tə tôvánə džā́zə. Amén.'''

13 To (prep) temptation (m sing all) we (n pl acc) lead (imp m sing) not (neg) and (conj) from (prep) evil (m sing abl) we (n pl acc) save (imp m sing) because (conj) yours (m sing nom) be (pres m sing) the (m sing nom) power (m sing nom) and (conj) the (m sing nom) glory (m sing nom) for (prep) all (m sing term) time (m sing term). Amen (adv).

==[[Hellingijø]]==
:anseraz faþiriz, hwaz in itim oranï biuziz,
:haggiðiz þinaz onamaz sijeza.
:þinaz bazilidomaz kwemiða,
:þinaz bulizi ana þe gerþi
:hwo ana þo oranï þuriða.
:anseraz hemerilikazini itini arþizi tohemeri gebeniza
:andi anseraz hamaritï sigihoriza,
:hwo wiz itini sundarï anagagin anziz sighoram.
:andi to itinø hagadomiziz de-agiza
:haldiz þinaz fram itinø ubiliziz siziza.
:amen.

==[[Aquarian]]==
:Ayter oosen, dar yas dh'indra,
:Wennick yas ya hennell ov;
:Erras a h-affy hoyrick ov;
:Voon erreth surrys;
:Ar channal, say ar indra.
:Acketh y'oos keenow gakeener scran os.
:Ga vargeth y'oos affickes os,
:Sinda chy a vargy heem dar affickash dhe goorth oos.
:Ga harrenneth y'oos nee dhe gunther;
:Madge nashneemeth y'oos oo leen.
:Amen.

==[[Tanrian]]==
:'''Patro Nostra''' - ''(a version)''
:Patro nostra, qui esta in ceal
:Santificat esta nomen teu
:Regno teu venira
:Voro teu sera fazut
:Sur Terra ca esta in ceal
:Donez a noi hodia nostra pan omnidia
:E ieştaz nostras debitos
:Ca ieştam nostras debitores
:E noi duçez non in tentazio,
:Ma noi liberaz del malezza.
:Amen

== [[Sdrawkcab]] ==

:Ruo rehtaf, ohw si ni nevaeh,
:Dewollah eb yht enam,
:Yht modgnik emoc,
:Yht lliw eb enod,
:No Htrae sa ti si ni Nevaeh
:Evig su siht yad ruo yliad daerb,
:Dna evigrof su ruo snis,
:Sa ew evigrof esoht ohw nis tsniaga su.
:Dael su ton otni noitatpmet,
:Tub reviled su morf live,
:Rof eniht si eht modgnik, eht werop dna eht yrolg,
:Rof reve dna reve,
:Nema!

==[[Bisla'ikh]]==

'''''In Bisla'ikh Script'''''
----

:Дӑтэвӑнђоҏю, ќерђКӑлэӑн,
:Овэеђэда кӑлэмӑнта,
:Ќоралусвађэда, ҏэвӑнђадтеђбува,
:Дежэђэда, гушанђэда, ҏантэнкђаҏђбувӑ,
:ГтюђЭҏпэх, лэкэнӑ скђКӑлэӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн левенӑ павђлучӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн сэќ спучӑшђэда,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн мусэнђэда,
:Ос лунӑмачэђэда скђоҏю эн мусэнђэда, ю мусэнђоҏюђбувӑ обаяђеда!
:Спрэнкђэдађбувӑ веж скђмӑлхӑнӑ, эмп cпрэнкђэдађбувӑ ҏобуђковӑтэ ос ҏобуђмӑлхӑнӑ!
:Аҏ Ќоралусвађэда, энугяђэда, сэќђэда,
:Яу сэќоҏу,
:Cпӑяђэду!

'''''In Roman Script'''''
----

:Dativan'orryu, xer'Kalian,
:Ovie'idu kalimanthu,
:Xorulirsvu'idu, rrivan'udthe'birva,
:Dezhi'idu, girshun'idu, rrunthing'urr'birva,
:Gthyu'Irrfikh, likina sg'Kalian,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in levena puv'lirchan,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in six sfirchash'idu,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu,
:Os lirnamuchi'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu, yu mirsin'orryu'birva obuya'idu!
:Sfring'idu'birva vezh sg'malkhana, imf sfring'idu'birva rrobir'kovati os rrobir'malkhana!
:Urr Xorulirsvu'idu, inirgya'idu, six'idu,
:Yair sixorrir,
:Sfaya'idir!

'''''Translation'''''
----

:Our father, in heaven,
:Your name is Sacred,
:Your kingdom, it comes,
:Your wants, your needs, they shall occur,
:On earth, similar to heaven,
:you give to us now the bread of life,
:You give to us all your compassion,
:You give to us now your forgiveness,
:and you teach to us forgiveness, so we will forgive as you!
:You will not lead us to evil, but you will lead us from temptation, and evil!
:they are your Kingdom, Your power, your all,
:For all time,
:I pray!

==[[Qi (Irfikian Language) | Qi]]==

The Prayer to Sola: The 'lord's prayer' equivalent in the Qilan religion of Solarriam

'''''Qi'a Script:'''''

[[File:Prayer_to_Sola.png]]

'''''Transliteration with Grammar points:'''''

:nalo'áf qi'no a'a so'la o'za no'ó-dá'ó
:''pray we to sola on day(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó da'sana'i lí'di qo'va
:''(adv)continuous shine his light''
:ni'vi'da lí'di vo'o'o qi'no va'lo si'í'i si'a qo'va si'a qo'novir
:''fill he lives our with joy and light and warmth''
:razina'lo'on lí'di va'siro'á na'la
:''bring forth he plants all!''
:fazi'i'os lí'di qa'a'vo'o-i'aza-dá'ó
:''sustain he herd(pl)(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó ni'vi'la'á lí'di va'lo si'zaroni'i qi'no
:''(adv)continuous provide he us with necessities our''
:a'a nazilo'o'a si'a ri'ad
:''to eternity and day''
:qa'asno'oq qi'no li'a'a
:''salute we you''
:va'la'a'í!
:''Prosper!''

'''''Proper translation:'''''

:We pray to sola on this day,
:That his light may continuously shine.
:May he fill our lives with joy, light and warmth
:May he bring forth all plants,
:May he sustain the herds
:May he continuously provide us with what we need
:For eternity and a day
:For we salute you
:Prosper!

==[[Volapük]]==
'''Volapük Rigik - Original Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binon paisaludomöz nem ola!
:Kömomöd monargän ola!
:Jenomöz vil olik, äs in sül, i su tal!
:Bodi obsik vädeliki givolös obes adelo!
:E pardolös obes debis obsik,
:äs id obs aipardobs debeles obas.
:E no obis nindukolös in tendadi;
:sod aidalivolös obis de bad.
:Jenosöd!

'''Volapük Nulik - New Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binol in süls! Nem olik pasalüdükonöd!
:Regän ola kömonöd!
:Vil olik jenonöd, äsä in sül, i su tal!
:Givolös obes adelo bodi aldelik obsik!
:E pardolös obes döbotis obsik,
:äsä i obs pardobs utanes, kels edöbons kol obs.
:E no blufodolös obis,
:ab livükolös obis de bad!
:(Ibä dutons lü ol regän, e nämäd e glor jü ün laidüp.)
:So binosös!

==Todamese==

By [[User:Xadrezo|xadrezo]]

:Meqas up thèladzh [mɛqas up θəladʒ]
:wedy qiv [wɛɟ qiv]
:wey ily [wɛj iʎ]
:odh wediv [ɔð wɛdiv]
:ladzhav thècc [ladʒav θəɕ]
:ow melcadzhapyitsh [ɔw mɛʟadʒapjitʃ]
:ow um ywethèmevits [ɔw um ɥɛθəmɛvits]
:èwh om udh ywethèdhevits [əʍ ɔm uð ɥɛθəðɛvits]
:ow kèm ywethèqgadily [ɔw kɛm ɥɛθəðɛɢadiʎ]
:èwh ow kèny fadzhiv [əʍ ɔw kəɲ fadʒiv]
:èq. [əq]

==[[Calcoradish]]==

[[File:Calcoradish sample text (Lord's prayer).jpg|500px]]

*Latin transcription
:Chém e starden

:Vem stár, edur sór agøis sym naeth; a yidur.
:Yidur dræs vem sǿdur e zøch vendur ǿl nabel.
:Yidur dræs vem volnadúr ol zøch vendur adenǽl.
:Yidur dræs vem lygor e zøch vendur nagǿl aver laghne, den andur aver naeth.
:Zøch fegois e odetol vem yidur codurnedem.
:Zøch adegois e cǽge edur yidur modelaer e chter, corem edur yidur adegedoer vem modenódel e agor yidur.
:Zøch dois gorendrǽl e yidur, em decæis yidur gór modhem.
:Volnadúr em voldor em graneth tordýr e zøch triondor.
:Amen.

==[[Labwese]]==
:Getuz-sovex'Vatu pwo njebex,
:getuz-detu'imje sanktifikate;
:riz-detu'Krolete xri sovex;
:faz-detu'Vile pwo zemlje kil pwo njebe.
:Siwodnja daz-detu sovex'xlote;
:e prastjez-detu sovex'deptex,
:kil prastjez-sovex sovex'deptekex;
:njok perlimjez-detu folz pwo temptatje,
:e rifekez-detu takuj ploxje.
:Amen.

==[[Mentolatian]]==
:zan paher, qua-dauv fí-jeuwof dauv og-quarmenom:
:our father, TOP.you, in the heavens you (be-)where

:nin-fêtyom quesam omfi-secchyom, perem fí-jeuwof i-dvan,
:down-gaze and about-look, from in heavens your,

:arjjaguz quesam cuscuw, dauv:
:blessed and lovely, you

:qua-varam pahera i-zan qua-dauv siyymnom quesam le-nes dauv khoelyos:
:TOP.truth father of us indeed you are and ACC.us you make.whole

:qua-náman i-dvan, yisam he arjjagmenem:
:TOP.name your, that-in.particular it (is) blessed

:qua-reget i-dvan, yisam he nin-wanmnem:
:TOP.realm your, that-in.particular it down-come

:qua-wallwan i-dvan, yisam he tintenmnem:
:TOP.will your, that-in.partic it be beautifully done

:nô ôg-jájomd og-qua-jwí-nô:
:as loc.Gea loc.TOP.Heavens as

:qua-sómat i-zan, cabyôm dauv le-he on-nes yiyi og-yi-sunnu:
:TOP.bread.for.the.day of us, give you ACC.it DAT.us that LOC.this.sun/day

:qua-erufezzí i-zan, nô suwatyôm dauv qua-nes, hessam nes suwatyos nô:
:TOP.sins of-us, as wash.clean you TOP.us, them we wash.clean as

:n-dlatem sem le-nes on-piscamat dauv:
:NEG.put NEG ACC.us DAT.trial you

:rats dlatem le-budem de-yi-tartar:
:quicker send ACC.evil to-that-yonder (away)

:n-wanmnem sem og-nes sem nenfâs.
:NEG.come NEG among-us no evil-doing

==[[Roguel]]==
[[File:Pater-noster-roguel.PNG]]
:Andon burcuetnya sigie burcuteget:
:Ronetlinete Attokorutyo,
:ansiradiyabek ec'ungut,
:onabek t'amanextangut,
:hanyiptabek lhardagut,
:ronde hanodeder.
:Unarihat pankorutit pirkoruma.
:Avelkorutna ripna,
:avelkepkorutna ripnakder.
:Pesadey dumirkorimat merey ik'adibikare.
:Guene t'amanextanek, hurotek, yomonek, kolganalnuk.
:Amen.

==[[Urban Basanawa]]==
Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食与うﾟと我等す今日
: 又ん赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えわ゜と我等之負者
: 又ん無率ど我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, geve to us fondag
: en fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergevet ur beshulders
: en ne leed us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho:p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho:p dai 'kiŋdom 'ko:m/
: /'ho:p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik an hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho: p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:vət ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en ne 'li:t us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/

==Koulesch==
: Fater Unser, der is ime himmel
: Geheiligt werde dain name
: dain raich kome
: dain wille gescheh
: auf erden wie ime himmel
: gib uns heyt unser tagliches brout
: und erlou unsere schulde
: wie wir erloun unsere schuldiger
: und fyyre uns nicht in fersuuchung
: aber befrai uns fomme ybel
: Amen

Pronunciation:
: /'fɑ:tər ʊnsər dɛr ɪs ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /g'he:lɪkt 'ʋɛrdə daɪn 'nɑ:mə/
: /daɪn 'raɪx 'ko:mə/
: /daɪn 'ʋɪl:ə g'ʃe:/
: /auf 'ɛrdən ʋi: ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /'gɪp ʊns 'hɛɪt ʊnsərə 'tɑ:klɪxəs 'bro:t/
: /ʊnt ər'lo: ʊnsərə 'ʃʊldə/
: /ʋi: ʋɪr ər'lo:n ʊnsərə 'ʃʊldɪgər/
: /ʊnt 'fi:rə ʊns nɪxt ɪn fər'su:xʊŋ/
: /abər b'fraɪ ʊns fomə 'i:bəl/
: /ɑ:mən/
Note: in Koulesch, /x/ is never pronunced as the voiceless palatal fricative [ç], even before or after front vowels.

==Senjecas==
*9b: ɱúm cemenőm éna tąta̋: tu-fę̋to sa̋kaþo ı̋lo
:1-STA.SG | heaven-STA.PL | in | father-VOC.SG | your=name-NOM.SG | holy-IND-PPTCP-NOM.SG | become-SBJV
*10: tu-ręᵹta̋iɱa ǧe̋mo: tu-tőla kı̋aþa ı̋lo épa cemenőmk̬e v̌ętősk̬' éna
:your=kingdom-NOM.SG | come-SBJV | your=will-NOM.SG | do-IND-PPTCP-NOM.SG | become-SBJV | as | heaven-STA.PL-and | earth-STA.SG-and-ELIS | in
*11: ɱúm o sáhvi ɱúm sa̋ho k̬a̋zom dǫ̋e
:1-STA.PL | to this-day-ADV | 1-STA.PL | this-day | bread-MOT.SG | give-IMP
*12: ɱúm vų̋mon ɱum dų̋re épa ɱus ɱúm vų̋mlun dų̋ra
:1-STA.PL | debt-MOT.PL | 1-MOT.PL | debtor-MOT.PL | forgive-IND | as | 1-NOM.PL | 1-STA.PL | debtor-MOT.PL | forgive-IND
*13: xę̋lam | éna | ɱun | de̋uke | mę | þǫ́si | łąxta̋s | ápa | ɱun | še̋ve
: temptation-MOT.SG in 1-MOT.PL lead-IMP not but evil-STA.SG from 1-MOT.PL free-IMP
*hi | ręᵹta̋iɱak̬e | ɱa̋kak̬e | ṁa̋gok̬e | tús | o | še̋ðtam | éna | e̋sa
:for | kingdom-NOM.SG-and | power-NOM.SG-and | glory-NOM.SG-and | eternity | into | be-IND

=Alternative Writing System=
==[[Tower Orthography|Tawyr Oorthaagryfii]]==
*Erlii Maadyrn Ingglic (1662 BCP)
:Aur Fadhyr, witc art in Hevyn,
:Halood bii dhai Neem.
:Dhai Kingdym cym.
:Dhai wil bii dyn,
:in erth az it iz in Hevyn.
:Giv ys dhis dee aur deelii bred.
:And foorgiv ys aur trespasiz,
:Az wii foorgiv dhem dhat trespas ygenst ys.
:And liid ys naat intuu tempteetcyn;
:Byt dylivyr ys frym iivil.
:[Foor dhain iz dhy kingdym, dhy pawyr, and dhy gloorii,
:Foor ever and ever.] Amen.

==Mënk==
By [[User:Sam_s89|Sam_s89]]

*An alternative writing system for a Mancunian conlang, still in the early stages of development.
:Ë të-afse,
:Wah bÿ n Elÿsÿum,
:Fntastk bÿ je næm.
:Je tym kum
:Je wanh bÿ tun
:N ve Näf n Elÿsÿum.
:Gf wÿ ttæ ë clep
:N fegyf ë prÿfjus
:N wÿ ulfegyf veh wah prÿfjus wÿ
:N tunt sent wÿ nefe temcun
:But tlyfe wÿ frm ÿfyl
:[Fe Elÿsÿum, ve pë n glary bÿ ja, në n frefe]
:Ëmn

==[['Ingglish|Íngglish]]==
By [[User:Personak|personak]].

*King Dgeimzs Vurczén (King James Version)
:Aur fáadhur,
:Which aart in héeven,
:Háaloud bii dhai neim.
:Dhai kíngdem kuom,
:Dhai wil bii duon on Urth,
:Azs it izs in héeven.
:Giv uos dhis dei aur déiliy breed.
:And fourgív uos aur deets,
:As wii fourgív aur déeterzs.
:And liid uos not íntuu teemptéicsen,
:Buot delíver uos fruom íivel:
:Four dhain izs dhe kíngdem, and dhe páuwer, and dhe glóuriy, fouréver.
:Éimeen.

[[Category:Texts]]

Our Father

2015-05-14T19:06:20Z

K1234567890y: /* Koulesch */

'''Our Father''', also known as the '''Lord's Prayer''', is a widely-known prayer of Christianity. It is used by linguists and conlangers for comparing the differences between languages. In many cases it is also called the '''Pater Noster''' because of the widespread use of Latin in the Church. There are even [[Runes|Runic]] inscriptions in Latin along the lines of "say a Pater Noster for so-and-so's soul."

=Natlangs=
==[[Romance Languages]]==
===Latin===
:Pater noster, qui es in caelis:
:sanctificetur Nomen Tuum;
:adveniat Regnum Tuum;
:fiat voluntas Tua,
:sicut in caelo, et in terra.
:Panem nostrum cotidianum da nobis hodie;
:et dimitte nobis debita nostra,
:Sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris;
:et ne nos inducas in tentationem;
:sed libera nos a Malo.

===[[Spanish]]===
:Padre nuestro, que estás en los cielos,
:santificado sea tu Nombre;
:venga tu Reino;
:hágase tu Voluntad,
:así en la tierra como en el cielo.
:Nuestro pan cotidiano dánosle hoy;
:y perdónanos nuestras deudas,
:así como nosotros hemos perdonado a nuestros deudores;
:no nos dejes caer en tentación,
:mas líbranos del mal.
:Amén.

==[[Germanic languages]]==
===[[High German]]===
:Vater Unser im Himmel,
:Geheiligt werde Dein Name,
:Dein Reich komme.
:Dein Wille geschehe,
:Wie im Himmel, so auf Erden.
:Unser tägliches Brot gib uns heute,
:Und vergib uns unsere Schuld,
:Wie auch wir vergeben unseren Schuldigern.
:Und führe uns nicht in Versuchung,
:Sondern erlöse uns von dem Bösen.
:Denn Dein ist das Reich und die Kraft
:und die Herrlichkeit, in Ewigkeit.
:Amen.

===[[Dutch]]===
:Onze Vader,
:die in de hemelen zijt,
:geheiligd zij Uw naam.
:Uw rijk kome,
:Uw wil geschiede op aarde als in de hemel.
:Geef ons heden ons dagelijks brood,
:en vergeef ons onze schulden,
:gelijk ook wij vergeven aan onze schuldenaren.
:En leid ons niet in bekoring,
:maar verlos ons van het kwade.

===[[Modern English]] ELLC (1988)===
:Our Father in heaven,
:hallowed be your name,
:your kingdom come,
:your will be done,
:on earth as in heaven.
:Give us today our daily bread.
:Forgive us our sins
:as we forgive those who sin against us.
:Save us from the time of trial
:and deliver us from evil.
:[For the kingdom, the power, and the glory are yours
:now and for ever. Amen.]

===[[Early Modern English]] (1662 BCP)===
:Our Father, which art in Heaven,
:Hallowed be thy Name.
:Thy Kingdom come.
:Thy will be done,
:in earth as it is in Heaven.
:Give us this day our daily bread.
:And forgive us our trespasses,
:As we forgive them that trespass against us.
:And lead us not into temptation;
:But deliver us from evil.
:[For thine is the kingdom, The power, and the glory,
:For ever and ever.] Amen.

===[[Middle English]]===
:Fader ure ðatt art in hevene blisse,
:Ðin hege name itt wurðe bliscedd,
:Cumen itt mote ði kingdom,
:Ðin hali wil it be al don,
:In heven and in erðe all so,
:So itt sall ben ful wel ic to;
:Gif us alle one ðis dai,
:Ure bred of iche dai,
:And forgive us ure sinne,
:Als we don ure wiðerwinnes:
:Leet us noct in fondlinge fall,
:Ooc fro ivel ðu sild us alle. Amen.

===[[Anglo-Saxon]]===
:Fæder ūre, þū eart on heofonum:
:sī þīn nama ȝehāȝlod.
:Tōbecume þīn rīce.
:Ȝeƿeorþe þīn ƿilla
:on eorþan sƿāsƿā on heofonum.
:Ūre dæȝhƿāmlican hlāf sielle ūs tō dæȝe.
:And forȝief ūs ūre ȝyltas
:sƿāsƿā ƿē forȝiefaþ ūrum ȝyltendem.
:And ne ȝelǣd þū on costnunȝe,
:ac ālīes ūs of yfele.

===[[Norwegian]]===
:Fader vår, du som er i himmelen!
:Helliget vorde ditt navn;
:komme ditt rike;
:skje din vilje,
:som i himmelen, så og på jorden;
:gi oss idag vårt daglige brød;
:og forlat oss vår skyld,
:som vi og forlater våre skyldnere;
:og led oss ikke inn i fristelse;
:men fri oss fra det onde.
:For riket er ditt,
:og makten og æren i evighet.
:Amen.

==[[Celtic Languages]]==

===[[Proto-Gallo-Brythonic]]===
:Asron atīr, esti·i̯o eni nemesi,
:noibos buu̯et tou anu̯an,
:ro·to·aχsāt tou rīgi̯on
:u̯reχtus tou au̯illos
:u̯or talamoni samalī eni nemesi.
:Asron baragon petidīi̯ācon dā snūs sindīu̯on.
:Matu̯ī snūs asron dligetā,
:samalī i̯on matu̯imos asron dligeti̯obo,
:ne·c snīs wede dū u̯osagitē,
:eχtos snīs dīlunge au u̯allū.
:Amen.

=Conlangs=

Feel free to add Lord's prayer in your conlangs' version here.

==[[Aingeljã]]==
Nou Pare, qwe ets nou cell, 
qwe santificat eh vou nome, 
qwe vene a nos vou reixĩ. 
Qwe eh façata va voluntà, 
tant na terra com nou cell. 
Donat-nus hogge nou pã qwotiggãn 
e pardonat-nus nas ofensas, 
com tantbain nos pardonèms qwĩns ofensen-nus. 
E nõ deixat-nus cadre na tentazõn 
e lluwerat-nus dou Mal. 
Amain. 

==[[Altherkin Itak]]==
[[File:Our_Father_-_Altherkin_Itak_-_Script_4.JPG]]

:Jia'meh Abbous Jeon'yajeo naebu de, namaewae Yi beilahjeon ang de.
:Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi beilah.
:Jikan fotei, dei'fover Yi werben no Jeo e'ea Jeon'yajeo naebu.
:Deikan ima e'ea deikan'mej, lat warei kae'a jia'meh nimo.
:Luswerzya luswer jia'meh paliya. Warei ahsu luswer luswerzya dei'fover nyan.
:Yi beilah nei warei jianxi werben dili, da'a'te Yi warei proteto detei luswer paliya.
:(Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi ang de, ta Jeonji, e'ea ta pa'a'me, por jikan fotei mej.)
:Ohmaen

:Our Father Heaven inside is, name you holy it is.
:Land of God your exist.
:Time future, intent you act of Earth and Heaven inside.
:Today and every day, To us bread our give.
:Forget sins our please. We their sin forget intend also.
:You "To be" no us cause "to act" bad, but you us protect from sin please.
:(Land of God yours it is, The divine power, and the glory, for time future all.)
:Amen

[http://www.facebook.com/v/2682096943833 Hear it read by Motonjia (external Link)]

==[[Arkhæn | Arkhæn]]==
A Prayer to The Psynecerion, a polytheistic "Lord's Prayer" equivalent in the religion of Kareigăn-Hæx religion.

=== Modern Arkhæn Alkavăht Script ===
[[File:Arkhaen_Lordprayer.PNG]]

=== Romanized: ===
:Keir præhăm mhe jzakar Yfikt Sehri,
:Hoth amăn khăma taiku Hæx, ara Gaateni
:Keir amăn ir ăndrgaaten, keir flær dhe vari, mhe garăm deru cogan dhe miyar kædi
:Mhe kariar ăz i ăn ara zeidu joirk ak mhe mujes jzakar haqeinan dhe hjaani
:Măhdi keir suod zăn hoth adr, măhdi keir anămi zăn hoth adr,
:Mhe ghejz haqeinan zuk i ăn ăhsl dyhijoi
:Măhdi hoth gaate qajoi dyhijoi mhe mujes jzakar kanrqeinăn avarkhe
:Măhdi ăhsl mhe takad kăhkănen dhe jzakar ræhi dhe hjaani ak dhe jzakr Kareigăn-Hæx.
:Aze Takădi!

=== Translation: ===
:We pray to the Perfect Ones,
:They who came from Six, our creators
:We who are subservient, we ask of them, to lend us some of their strength
:To carry on our daily tasks and to keep the balance of nature
:May we live as they do, may we die as they do, to bring balance upon all worlds
:May they create more worlds to drive the imbalance away.
:May all to be enlightened of the ways of nature and of the Original Six.
:Aze Takadi! (both a greeting gesture as well as a sort of "amen")

==[[The World|Avantimanisc]]==
:Oure fadêr that be yn heuenerihhe;
:sende ye-hallawet thin namô;
:cwem te thin rihhdomaz;
:sende thin wellez ye-dôn swo yn medwaralde swo yn heuenam;
:yef ôs on te daye oure ĳelckday susteynavant;
:ande ôs foryef oure detes,
:swo we foryef te oure detendam;
:ande ne lîth ôs nouwt te thon castynge,
:but framward-ôs-lôs fram euele.

==Esperanto==
:Patro nia, kiu estas en la ĉielo,
:sanktigata estu Via nomo.
:Venu Via regno.
:Fariĝu Via volo,
:kiel en la ĉielo, tiel ankaŭ sur la tero.
:Nian panon ĉiutagan donu al ni hodiaŭ.
:Kaj pardonu al ni niajn ŝuldojn,
:kiel ankaŭ ni pardonas al niaj ŝuldantoj.
:Kaj ne konduku nin en tenton,
:sed liberigu nin de la malbono.
:(Ĉar Via estas la regno kaj la potenco
:kaj la gloro eterne.)
:Amen.

==[[Háfrig]]==
:Kes Etâr, qwin il eskáleo ri,
:genomentuz i missild,
:offimmoz i tis agenir,
:geroz i tis élekk,
:léda l-eskálio, śo l-edzúroro si.
:Forventikál vekánandum dontiz káj píl,
:et offűliz i bêtgánandu,
:léda ke s’ offűlam i h-inóvand bêtdífendo.
:E gin véliz kum kojsitána,
:ak gemojgiriz i vultími.
:(Dé tis i h-agenir, i forrel e l-iskür forvenâk.)
:Roz ö-gen.

==Lojban==
:doi cevrirni.iu noi zvati le do cevzda do'u fu'e .aicai .e'ecai lo do cmene ru'i censa
:.i le do nobli turni be la ter. ku se cfari
:.i loi do se djica ba snada mulno vi'e le cevzda .e .a'o la ter.
:.i fu'e .e'o ko dunda ca le cabdei le ri nanba mi'a
:.i ko fraxu mi loi ri zu'o palci
:.ijo mi fraxu roda poi pacyzu'e xrani mi
:.i ko lidne mi fa'anai loi pacyxlu
:.i ko sepri'a mi loi palci
:.i .uicai ni'i loi se turni .e loi vlipa .e loi mi'orselsi'a cu me le do romei
:fa'o

==[[Anoé]]==

:,nul-((fuuilat-en-ia)-él-éltil)

:efma-en-ve fi-atfalit tléé

:((tintom-en-ve fi-ulaat tléé

:uuifó-en-ve fó-én-aé)

:an-(Earth)-fn-(al-ló-él-éltil)).

:,ve ie-aile-ufuium li-aten-óf-(ailu)-at-ia.

:,ve felien-en-ia éliuón-at-ia

:nif-(ia én-(laéen ia feliu) éliuón-at-al.

:,ve ia erian-ól-(ésélit-en-uilien)

:tléé ve ia erian-sééld.

:(fan ól-tintom tlé ól-élein tlé ól-aliaten (al-en-ve al

:ló-(et-tlé-néf)). ,fti-ló.)

==Classical Longrimol==
{{seealso|Longrimol}} by [[User:Longrim|Longrim]]

:Adhorom nedhúrer
:airalichy raivog
:therdhäil darandorog
:dhánäilichy malfog
:márchan nedhúrer
:gweltheljbantho-m'il
:jaldhtharvo-m'il
:oi thärvim mênjäldhim
:dhulro-m'il glastainúlong
:dhulro-m'il gruidhong.

:[find i dharandr-og cambadh-og asdago-og cwildhríl. Emín.]

==Classical Arithide==
{{seealso|Classical Arithide}} by [[User:Denihilonihil|Eugene]]
{{seealso|Arithide Sample Text Corpus}}

{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" width="66%"
|-
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Classical Arithide
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Late Classical Arithide
|-
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rignā, zōon saluminnum, histamosit illos ays. Egēra lisgas ays. Reskerosit deiros ays, halagum saluminnumena. Rignor emereto haror omer krerērō, a kansārērō irige syndrē, rīgisae syndirēnēs kansārena. On rege avgērērō thiftiae, nege rege magārērō vokirōn. Amen.
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rikin, saluminnum hero, histamesit illos ayn. Egura lisgas ayn. Reskeresit deiros ayn, halaginnum saluminnumena. Rikin emnatir haro omnat kreruras, nam kansaruras rīkae syndrē, rikisyndoris syndirēnēs kansariena. On riko avlataguras orgrei, nege riko magāruras vokyrōn. Amen.
|}

==Ellesklavan==
{{seealso|Ellesklavan}}

:vidrömü, ci eu en éfni,
:aolé eu tli nömü.
:tli řoyamü viyen.
:tli sřay eu fazi,
:en teřya é ža eu en éfni.
:dono no sé širu pasirana kotined.
:éti frocefi no trégepaseniran,
:kön no frocefi elehli ci trégepaseni kontri no.
:éti neu kleřtni pa no ostü betnosü;
:mé délifeř no dé džharag.
:(porceu lešé eu lé řoyamü, lé pufovřir, éti lé kloriyen,
:por tu éti tu) amné.

== Teeverb Kuluxem ==
{{seealso|Teeverb Kuluxem}}

Teeverb Kuluxem:

:Tuchomat Kulonar:
:Padre keeyuhn infadia, uba' nio shuuran,
:Tunatma kuyuhn echa' tubonflaken.
:Yaco-ubhiemna tukinglak kunoi tuyumya,
:Shem yaco-ubfin tupaj kunoi,
:Nio shutereen sima nio shuuran.
:Pal-ubofero tukwam kudiama kuval alt sheeyuhn;
:Shem pal-ubforglan teeyuhn sima okforglan teeotheeno;
:Vo pal-ubleedha teeyuhn alt shutemapta,
:Kief pal-ubforma okvan vaeem shupekitat;
:Tukinglak shem tufuertlas shem tuglameeka eshadda kunoi.
:Amen

Translation:

:The prayer of the Lord:
:The Father of Ours, who is in Heaven,
:Your name is great.
:Bring your kingdom here,
:And accomplish your plan,
:On Earth the same as in Heaven.
:Give us the food of this day;
:Forgive us the same as we forgive others;
:Do not lead us to temptation,
:But force us to go away from evil;
:The glory, the power and the glory are your's.
:Amen

==Thorsutian==
{{seealso|Thorsutian}}

:Man baset, cus ёd nё parasje,
:ёsmardzsёn ёdur xjen zavke.
:Xjen mёbraţje rikas.
:Xjen zsёdu çozid,
:ёn toke siç ёd tho parasjud.
:Jat maţu ked ord man vorje bucje.
:E ţalis maţu man funёbartiv,
:siç maţ ţalёmi çadёk cus funёbart kurda maţu
:E pron maţu nok tho ёnarzsud,
:pas shonah maţu el necud,
:(ţa xjen ёl mёbraţi, uuzs, e strirren,
:ţa dadarma e dadarma.)
:Amen

==Tauro-Piscean==
{{seealso|Tauro-Piscean language}}

:Tet Fedä ëleêses, wa zï in Heofonem,
:¡Letan tet Namen janes clenê bean!
:Tet Kïnedom janes kum.
:¡Letan tet Willê janes dodê bean,
:Et Eëtenem tonnê in Heofonem!
:¡Jefan ëleêsen tode tet jedewamliken Bräden!
:¡And fëjefan ëleêsen te Jïêlten,
:Tonnê ëleês fëjef kvinem, dass makê Jïêlten!
:¡And ledan ëleêsen nat in Kostnungen,
:Ak beëjan ëleêsan fram Ïfeêlem!
:[Tï janes zï tet Kïnedom, tet Mït and tet Wöldë,
:To efä nes efä.] Sotlikê.

It is worth noting that the Tauro-Piscean language evolved into the (New) West Germanic language below.

==West Germanic==
{{seealso|West Germanic language}}

:Uɍę Ąldoɍ, tu tąt is in ħjovonųm,
:Si tin namę halaɉ.
:Kumę tin riŧę,
:Maŧiǫn tin wįleǫn up eɍdųm ék swa in ħjovonųm.
:Uɍę daɉliŧ lafǫn gįvǫn us todaɉ,
:ǫnd foɍgįvǫn us uɍę ſųldzǫn ék swa we foɍgįf uɍę ſųldaɉǫn.
:Ǫnd faɍǫn tu ųn in ħjan kǫstnųnðǫn, ak luzǫn ųn uvęlęnę.
:[Ųmbętąt tin is tąt riŧę, tąt miħt ǫnd tąt wųldoɍ,
:ąvɍweɍd eŧę.]
:Sodliŧę.

==Vityng by [[User:Schlaier|Schlaier]]==
{{seealso|Vityng}}
{{seealso|Vityng our Father}}

:fæðirr óssa, hvem ar i himinn
:nama þinn ver hǽlge
:kónungrikk þinn ver gaður
:øskja þinn ver skaftur
:an eorð og sva i himinn.
:ǿssi gefar dægglykur brǿð óssa, þessa dagg.
:og synni óssa grætar óss
:sva varr grætum þætt ƕað skap synni an ǿssi
:i nǿðen lǽðarna óss
:og fram yfil takar óss.
:sænnlykur.

==Nytal==
{{seealso|Nytal}}
{{seealso|Nytal biblical texts}}

:Babu ni la, ki ad’jo ju ojl 
:Ni la a’šijnt noym Ok 
:Nori sliknost Ok 
:Ni la a’nut ehoj Ok 
:Iknijt ju ojl, Iknijt sjep bajus vsi 
:Ole tyahri er ni la ejs ni la 
:A vlup er ni la le finans ni la 
:Iknijt gek ni la a’vlup er le mefinanser ni la 
:A ta nenijt ni la ka medoljem 
:U vrij ni la de olim 
::Amen

==Lánc==
{{seealso|Lánc}}

:Vojun nát, eráv bálot
:Townon úk svútutolas
:Townon krišpót atja
:Townon šalja toljas
:Džú bálot džu pánot
:Lakfadžo vojay vojunon banfadžáro bágwo kál
:Ši vojay vojunyojon plačoy gwalč
:Džu vój vojunyajon plajačanay mijo gwalčen
:Ši vojo onás gorávtjámás ét majv
:Ýbo vojo ód ono gráwno nálutol.
:Amen

==[[Leet_Speak|L337 5q34Ҟ]]==

:0ύЯ ph4th3r N ん3\/N,
:L33+ 1z ur N￥m,
:ur Ӄ1n6|)0mz h3Я3 nao,
:u 90んん4 cl00 vv47 u w4んん4 cl00,
:0n 34r+ん L13k n ん3\/N.
:L37z 34+ 2d4y l13k d4 07hЯ d31,
:461v h0w3r fragz & pks plz,
:& wii vv1LL 461v3 d4 w0nz dat phr4993d u5.
:$4v3 uz phr0m d4 fl00d,
:& 41$0 phr0m d4 L337 3v!|_.
:4ym3んz.

==Lišěč==
{{seealso|Lišěč}}
{|
|
:<center>'''''Latin alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Fial Ipa, ktõr õłokotë tajväka
:sanktakammë leel nimien
:mënnajast leel küningrik
:tĕdaekemmë leel vylen
:śo tajväka, śo mälmake
:đnes antajatë fiam đnesmasen lĕjpäen
:õnt fergepejetë fial velkĕnesen
:śo fi fergepekemmë fial velketelnesem
:õnt ĕłi oğiatojotë ferśukedenë
:õnt svobõdojotë fian pakadaţë
:Amen
||
:<center>'''''Cyrillic alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Фиал Ипа, ктõр õљокотё тайвäка
:санктакаммё леел нимиен
:мённайаст леел кÿнингрик
:тĕдаекеммё леел вылен
:зо тайвäка, зо мäлмаке
:ћнес антайатё фиам ћнесмасен лĕйпäен
:õнт фергепейетё фиал велкĕнесен
:зо фи фергепекеммё фиал велкетелнесем
:õнт ĕљи ођиатойотё ферзукеденё
:õнт свобõдойотё фиан пакадаθё
:Амен
|}

==Keβag==
{{seealso|Keβag}}

:Fät man, lë beş ë pöt taɸ ë nheμet'
:lo seintsat ë seɸot'u ðo
:qeşa e dewönhoxul ðo
:ër sat'a ë pełäk do
:aże taɸ ë nheμet', aże taɸ ë nhujm'
:ovinë manheşë ekys ë nałecu ekyşoru μan
:cë danosë en μyg μan
:lo danos aże en μyɣocuv μan
:cë μë phonë manhëm taɸ ë rhejżaxaş
:aca püksatё manhëm renh e-ekwaň.
:Amen

==Teycil==
{{seealso|Teycil}}
:Paycil, jsomnajs hœjcoir væ
:zulev jsuveno lea
:ga ayro bolmadanev
:malev nā lea
:jsomnajs me ehrenajs
:moljga luie molojzunour mujxel ga beih
:me jqœnūl ga gjrebeih
:polajs-ajga jqœnosæcūl gjrebō lea
:me pîrojgīne xo le ga doikot vā
:tu jræsīne jcon le ga jzineih vā
:Amēn

==Nician==
{{seealso|Nician}}

:'''Il nost pat'''

:Il nost pat, chi ses nis ceis,
:Saintifcat sie’l tu nom.
:Venì’l tu regn.
:Se face la tue volontat,
:Nis ceis com sope la terre.
:Oz dànos il nost pan cottizan.
:E dimìttenos is nosts dèvits,
:Com ezze nos dimittius ais nosts devitoes.
:E n’indùcenos in teumtazion,
:Veò lìveanos da male.

==Brithenig==

:Nustr Padr, ke sia i llo chel,
:sia senghid tew nôn,
:gwein tew rheon,
:sia ffaeth tew wolont,
:syrs lla der sig i llo chel.
:Dun nustr pan diwrnal a nu h-eidd;
:e pharddun llo nustr phechad a nu,
:si nu pharddunan llo nustr phechad.
:E salw nu di'll temp di drial,
:mai llifr nu di'll mal.
:Per ill rheon, ill cofaeth e lla leir es ill tew, per segl e segl.

==Kerno==

:a Phazeoir Nusteor que bias 'n y ceues;
:foreth noef il tew nom;
:gouenyes il tew camouils;
:foreth fès la teva gouoluntáts
:en lâ derra cuomo 'ny ceues;
:danos-el osdia le nusteor panèn cuotidièn;
:dimeti y nusteor dheuz
:cuomo dimitemus ai nusteor dheutoeres;
:et ne nus attrayer rhen al tentación,
:mays eliveránus des val.

==Old High Jermench==

:fatzar nôstar cî es in câlîs
:seiaz cunsantzîts noum twou
:wienaz rin twou
:seiaz cundahtûts wuontzats twâ
:siht in câl ah in zerra
:fân nôstar côsitân ta nous houd
:ez ferdouna nous ôdsa nôstra
:siht ez nus ferdounams ôdintîs nôstrîs
:ez nei nus intûtzas in zinhôn
:mâhs liura nus tei mâl

==Talarian==

:elemtilenopâtar
:sánctyata tawas xonomar-ca-he
:wewóytâ hanirfanar-ca-he
:pepelewórkâ tawas walar-ca-he
:hostanuššexomani-han-he
:elemtileno-han-he
:tatâhyata-me tâlcoteyel támtar-ca-he
:ffaffalyata-me mesas taipallanar-ca-he
:ffalmá cam taipallanar-ca-he
:anhaharxanyata-me çalarswwalana-ca-he
:roromyata-me tusar-te-he. Omen.

:Heavenly Father
:and blessed-be thy name
:and realised-be spiritual-Rest
:and fullydone-be thy will
:and Middle-World-in-the
:and Heavens-in-the
:and give us each-day godly-gift-the
:and wash us our spiritual-separation
:and we wash their spiritual-separation
:and burden-not us heavenly-adjudication-by
:and guide us evil-out-from

==LΙΝҀΟΥΑ LΟΥϹΑΡ / Loucarian==

:ΝЄΜЄΤ ϚΟϚΠЄІΤΟ ΠѠΔΙϹ ῙϹ ϹΑΤΑ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ : ЄΤΤΙ ΠЄJЄΤΟ ῙϹ:
:ЄΝΑΜϜЄΡϜЄΡ ΤΙΜ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ ϹΟΥΔЄΙЄΡЄ ΙϹΑ:
:ΑΒΒΑ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЄΝ ϚΑΜΑΥΑΝΑΜ ΝΑ
:ϘЄΔΔЄϹ ΑL ΝΟΜΟΝ ΔΙ ΤΙΜЄΤ
:ϚѠΠΠЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΟΥΜΜЄΝ ΔΙ ΤΙ ΠѠΔЄϘϹ ΦЄϹΤΙΝΑΜ
:ΟΥΤΤΑΤΟ ϜΑΔ ΑL ΑLΦΑϹ ΔΙ ΤΙ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΤΙΡ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΠΑΡΑΔЄΙϚΙΑΜ
:ϹϜЄΡϹΑΡЄ ΤΙ ΑΔΙϹ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЮΤΙΜ ΑL ΠΟΥΝΤΙΜ ϹΑϚϹΟΥΜНΝЄϹ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ
:ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΑL ΙϹΑΙϹΑ ΝΟΒΟΝ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ϘΟΥЄΜ ΝΑϹ ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΑΜΑΔЄΡΑΜ ΔΙ ΝЄϚϚЄΡ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔΟΥϹЄΡЄ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔΙϹ ΠЄΙΡΑϚΜΟΜ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔН ϹѠΙΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔ ΙΝJΟΥΔΙϚϚΙΑΜ. ѨΜΙΝ.

:They ask to Jesus concerning to pray; and said Jesus:
:Whenever you pray say this:
:Father of us in-heaven-in
:holy the name of you
:become the heavenly-realm of you with fast
:go done the will of you as in the earth as in the paradise
:give you towards us today the bread of-everyday of us
:wipe-away you the this-here sin of us as we wipe-away the sinship of them
:do-not lead us towards temptation
:do-not but put you us to trial. amen.

==(Modern) Ialacian==

:Yamono Fadatheudeur inmiso hedeveudeun,
:leteyim no nekem bi aneurshta.
:Leteyim no kidingdeudeum kam,
:leteyim kiena waonteyim fu hapeun bi dushta
:onmiso eukeurtheu asoru biya dushta inmiso hedeveudeun.
:Giveyim pamo tisoneun yamono neunlimiso beurekedeu.
:Forgiveyim pamo aru yamono sikinsi
:jesteumiso asoru haveyamo alsorumiso forgiveushta taseto kien sin agensteumiso pamo.
:Kipeyim pamo feurommiso faollinggeu intumiso sikin kienu biyamo tempeushta.
:Seiveyim pamo feurommiso lo iveulmung in;
:foru lo kidingdeudeum, lo padauweudeur, toru lo geulodoridi bi yimno, forueveurmiso. Amen.

==(Modern) Avelian==

:Camo no Fadatheudeur inmiseot hedeveudeun,
:cim letnida no netem bimnida-aneurnidayo.
:Cim letnida no kidingdeudeum kamao,
:cim letnida kimnat weontnida hapeunao bimnida-dumnidayo
:onmiseot euteurtheu cometeo ca bimnida-dumnidayo inmiseot hedeveudeun.
:Cim givnida camo koretien camo no tienlimiseot beureted.
:Cim forgivnida camo ateo camo no sitin
:jestmiseot cometeo camo alsuteomiseot forgivnijiyo il kim sinnida agenstmiseot camo.
:Cim kipnida camo feurommiseot feolshao intumiseot sitin kimnut camo bimnida-tempnidayo.
:Cim seivnida camo feurommiseot iveulmang il;
:feteo kidingdeudeum, padauweudeur, kuteo geulodoridi biseo cim no, kuteoeveurmiseot. Emen.

==Bu'ochia==

:Njosto padrón, kia asta an chiellium
:Chea sjen nom asta sancituri
:Chea sjen raliam venvi
:Chea sjen volosón asta naochi
:Ser terrum sem ser chiellium
:Dunnavi-noasta azi njosto pani je chachi uro
:Pardanvi njostosi ovenchuvati
:Ser noasta pardunomós achi ere ellum kia noasta uvos ovensuvasa
:Lel nen noasta inducha teminotium
:Masi leberani noasta ochje malum.
:Aminan

==[[Nyenglisk]]==

:Ár faður ín hevinað,
:Halóað er þín nam,
:þín kingdom kome,
:þín vil er makað,
:on erðað as ín hevinað.
:Give víð tilda ár dali bred.
:Forgive víð, ár sina
:As ví forgive þata, som sin eje víð
:Save ví fro tímiðum af trialað
:o delive ví fro ývilað
:[For kingdomiðum, páeriðum, o glóríðum er þíns ná o for evur. Amen.]

==[[Solaric]]==

:Fòrr ewo nhebn,
:neem Yöö yehöle,
:rüü Yöö yesiwoikèm
:weu Yöö yesiwoigeedü
:nadwol loi nhebn.
:yügevusye daalebreed ewo tadee.
:Yüfgevus eemyesen ewo,
:loi wifgevem daa deesen ngeets us.
:Yüseevys frè jentaam,
:an yübrengus frè ivu.
:[Kèz ödrüü, edpawo, 'n odgloi deeyööz
:nyo 'n freve. Amen.]

==Intrekómi==
:Món Pápa ínno ávno,
:ton nomí es holíninó,
:ton ressilénto komí,
:Te hi esóno finí,
:ono l’Érti se ínno ávno.
:Áttū ma’ món díni bréto sedí.
:Forgívū món sína per mas
:se ma forgíva la pópla ki sí kon mas.
:Sévū mas de l’hóro di triálo
:ve delíverū mas de la vílo.
:[Per la ressilénto, la póvro, ve la glóro es ton
:adéssi ve per etérni. Ámen.]

==Theudo==
:Than pár ágí,yrth thí inn yln,
:yrth than avn ádích ogam,
:Kumadth than unkrig ádích,
:Mymeridth than abad ádích,
:Onn jorder ek inn yln.
:Gefathí égí than yndé broth ágí
:ug yrdylathí égí thaí egání ágí,
:ek yrdylath égí étí dach égánath alyn égí.
:ug dá burdithí égí dá díchossen,
:ach durthí égí am drogh.
:[Lí yrth sy than unkrig ádích, than ubres ug than gylá. Líny ug y. Amen]

==[[Sandic]] (Kémani)==
:Pé da aŵ pa lēyar,
:Daeyui obatara béenú pé,
:Béno pé obaféd,
:Wîc pé obatoka,
:Ó ba imprîâ obatokara ŵhé pa ân.
:Ŵian ta damdabin jémohnin otiab opétora,
:Ta lenadabin aŵin otiab opéfama,
:Ta kémabin, ŵiab opur, otiab opéfama.
:Ŵian opéneot ma ân aŵtewîc ân ma dabin lenain,
:A ŵiab frn wîc ân ma dabin akenoin opéjjémz.
:[Pa skra jébi- Ba imprîâ frn pé batara, iné wî ba béno, iné wî ba auzeract,
:Gre kala, jéb obatara,]
:Lēamian

==[[Dmezk]]==

:Boja,
:Pani morosza muno metsa
:Muno motsekune asza
:Urhdu murez munazi otso numira fujarez arhmede,
:ko drokesza murez numira lofurajizy,
:Kru murez drokesza murez furetez dusz lek e murez muteke.
:Ko furetez murez enu umz ki dorake.

==[[Parra]]==
{|
|
:<center>''Latin:''</center>
:Papa denes, ce da a seli,
:Noma dedi esi santo fa fara.
:Sarso dedi fa veni,
:Vola dedi esi fa fara, tanta a sinla, tanta a seli.
:Ves den, xat de den per nos dada,
:E debiti denes perona, tanta nos perona emedebiti denes.
:E a temta nos ne conduşu,
:Ma nos escer de saló fara. Amén
||
:<center>''Cyrillic:''</center>
:Папа дэнэс кэ да а сэли,
:Нома дэди эси санто фа фара.
:Сарсо деди фа вени,
:Вола деди эси фа фара, танта а синла, танта а сэли.
:Вес ден, хат де ден пер нос дада,
:Э девити денес перона, танта нос перона эмэдебити денес.
:Э а тэмта нос нэ кондушу,
:Ма нос эскещэ дэ салӧ фара. Амӭн.
|}

==[[Kihā́mmic]]==
'''Kihā́mmic Millenium Bible'''

Gloss

'''9 Vámû náčûm hekóš fáz kašā́ etômá: mnốmô Dárat kétômô yû́n Yégkhāne sói, danamá tīdá sōramá séi.'''

9 You (n pl nom) have to (pres n pl) pray (inf) how (conj) according to (conj) this (f sing gen): our (m sing nom) Father (m sing nom) who (m sing nom) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (pres m sing), your (f sing nom) name (f sing nom) holy (f sing nom) be (pres f sing).

'''10 Ī́tnômô Yegašā́n ôfót, ī́tnûm yón lé Gántre yā́ yû́n Yégkhāne tróp verázamô.'''

10 Your (m sing nom) Kingdom (m sing nom) come (fut imp m sing), yours (m sing nom) on (prep) the (m sing prep) Earth (m sing prep) as (adv) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (fut imp m sing) do (past part m sing nom).

'''11 Klûrû́vû pā́dû yû́n étôme klûrét mámô stagaþố.'''

11 Daily (n sing nom) bread (n sing nom) on (prep) this (f sing prep) day (f sing prep) we (n pl all) give (imp m sing).

'''12 Yanošố mánômā solgkhámā yā́ mánômā solgkhonámā mámû yanû́m.'''

12 Pardon (imp m sing) our (m pl acc) debt (m pl acc) as (adv) our (m pl acc) debtor (m pl acc) we (n pl nom) pardon (pres n pl).

'''13 Ôyán nárstûnô mámā ôkradžôtố bán é ayán eutá mámā čulūtố paškomá ī́tnûm sói lố čanák é lố tūkál ə́tə tôvánə džā́zə. Amén.'''

13 To (prep) temptation (m sing all) we (n pl acc) lead (imp m sing) not (neg) and (conj) from (prep) evil (m sing abl) we (n pl acc) save (imp m sing) because (conj) yours (m sing nom) be (pres m sing) the (m sing nom) power (m sing nom) and (conj) the (m sing nom) glory (m sing nom) for (prep) all (m sing term) time (m sing term). Amen (adv).

==[[Hellingijø]]==
:anseraz faþiriz, hwaz in itim oranï biuziz,
:haggiðiz þinaz onamaz sijeza.
:þinaz bazilidomaz kwemiða,
:þinaz bulizi ana þe gerþi
:hwo ana þo oranï þuriða.
:anseraz hemerilikazini itini arþizi tohemeri gebeniza
:andi anseraz hamaritï sigihoriza,
:hwo wiz itini sundarï anagagin anziz sighoram.
:andi to itinø hagadomiziz de-agiza
:haldiz þinaz fram itinø ubiliziz siziza.
:amen.

==[[Aquarian]]==
:Ayter oosen, dar yas dh'indra,
:Wennick yas ya hennell ov;
:Erras a h-affy hoyrick ov;
:Voon erreth surrys;
:Ar channal, say ar indra.
:Acketh y'oos keenow gakeener scran os.
:Ga vargeth y'oos affickes os,
:Sinda chy a vargy heem dar affickash dhe goorth oos.
:Ga harrenneth y'oos nee dhe gunther;
:Madge nashneemeth y'oos oo leen.
:Amen.

==[[Tanrian]]==
:'''Patro Nostra''' - ''(a version)''
:Patro nostra, qui esta in ceal
:Santificat esta nomen teu
:Regno teu venira
:Voro teu sera fazut
:Sur Terra ca esta in ceal
:Donez a noi hodia nostra pan omnidia
:E ieştaz nostras debitos
:Ca ieştam nostras debitores
:E noi duçez non in tentazio,
:Ma noi liberaz del malezza.
:Amen

== [[Sdrawkcab]] ==

:Ruo rehtaf, ohw si ni nevaeh,
:Dewollah eb yht enam,
:Yht modgnik emoc,
:Yht lliw eb enod,
:No Htrae sa ti si ni Nevaeh
:Evig su siht yad ruo yliad daerb,
:Dna evigrof su ruo snis,
:Sa ew evigrof esoht ohw nis tsniaga su.
:Dael su ton otni noitatpmet,
:Tub reviled su morf live,
:Rof eniht si eht modgnik, eht werop dna eht yrolg,
:Rof reve dna reve,
:Nema!

==[[Bisla'ikh]]==

'''''In Bisla'ikh Script'''''
----

:Дӑтэвӑнђоҏю, ќерђКӑлэӑн,
:Овэеђэда кӑлэмӑнта,
:Ќоралусвађэда, ҏэвӑнђадтеђбува,
:Дежэђэда, гушанђэда, ҏантэнкђаҏђбувӑ,
:ГтюђЭҏпэх, лэкэнӑ скђКӑлэӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн левенӑ павђлучӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн сэќ спучӑшђэда,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн мусэнђэда,
:Ос лунӑмачэђэда скђоҏю эн мусэнђэда, ю мусэнђоҏюђбувӑ обаяђеда!
:Спрэнкђэдађбувӑ веж скђмӑлхӑнӑ, эмп cпрэнкђэдађбувӑ ҏобуђковӑтэ ос ҏобуђмӑлхӑнӑ!
:Аҏ Ќоралусвађэда, энугяђэда, сэќђэда,
:Яу сэќоҏу,
:Cпӑяђэду!

'''''In Roman Script'''''
----

:Dativan'orryu, xer'Kalian,
:Ovie'idu kalimanthu,
:Xorulirsvu'idu, rrivan'udthe'birva,
:Dezhi'idu, girshun'idu, rrunthing'urr'birva,
:Gthyu'Irrfikh, likina sg'Kalian,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in levena puv'lirchan,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in six sfirchash'idu,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu,
:Os lirnamuchi'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu, yu mirsin'orryu'birva obuya'idu!
:Sfring'idu'birva vezh sg'malkhana, imf sfring'idu'birva rrobir'kovati os rrobir'malkhana!
:Urr Xorulirsvu'idu, inirgya'idu, six'idu,
:Yair sixorrir,
:Sfaya'idir!

'''''Translation'''''
----

:Our father, in heaven,
:Your name is Sacred,
:Your kingdom, it comes,
:Your wants, your needs, they shall occur,
:On earth, similar to heaven,
:you give to us now the bread of life,
:You give to us all your compassion,
:You give to us now your forgiveness,
:and you teach to us forgiveness, so we will forgive as you!
:You will not lead us to evil, but you will lead us from temptation, and evil!
:they are your Kingdom, Your power, your all,
:For all time,
:I pray!

==[[Qi (Irfikian Language) | Qi]]==

The Prayer to Sola: The 'lord's prayer' equivalent in the Qilan religion of Solarriam

'''''Qi'a Script:'''''

[[File:Prayer_to_Sola.png]]

'''''Transliteration with Grammar points:'''''

:nalo'áf qi'no a'a so'la o'za no'ó-dá'ó
:''pray we to sola on day(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó da'sana'i lí'di qo'va
:''(adv)continuous shine his light''
:ni'vi'da lí'di vo'o'o qi'no va'lo si'í'i si'a qo'va si'a qo'novir
:''fill he lives our with joy and light and warmth''
:razina'lo'on lí'di va'siro'á na'la
:''bring forth he plants all!''
:fazi'i'os lí'di qa'a'vo'o-i'aza-dá'ó
:''sustain he herd(pl)(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó ni'vi'la'á lí'di va'lo si'zaroni'i qi'no
:''(adv)continuous provide he us with necessities our''
:a'a nazilo'o'a si'a ri'ad
:''to eternity and day''
:qa'asno'oq qi'no li'a'a
:''salute we you''
:va'la'a'í!
:''Prosper!''

'''''Proper translation:'''''

:We pray to sola on this day,
:That his light may continuously shine.
:May he fill our lives with joy, light and warmth
:May he bring forth all plants,
:May he sustain the herds
:May he continuously provide us with what we need
:For eternity and a day
:For we salute you
:Prosper!

==[[Volapük]]==
'''Volapük Rigik - Original Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binon paisaludomöz nem ola!
:Kömomöd monargän ola!
:Jenomöz vil olik, äs in sül, i su tal!
:Bodi obsik vädeliki givolös obes adelo!
:E pardolös obes debis obsik,
:äs id obs aipardobs debeles obas.
:E no obis nindukolös in tendadi;
:sod aidalivolös obis de bad.
:Jenosöd!

'''Volapük Nulik - New Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binol in süls! Nem olik pasalüdükonöd!
:Regän ola kömonöd!
:Vil olik jenonöd, äsä in sül, i su tal!
:Givolös obes adelo bodi aldelik obsik!
:E pardolös obes döbotis obsik,
:äsä i obs pardobs utanes, kels edöbons kol obs.
:E no blufodolös obis,
:ab livükolös obis de bad!
:(Ibä dutons lü ol regän, e nämäd e glor jü ün laidüp.)
:So binosös!

==Todamese==

By [[User:Xadrezo|xadrezo]]

:Meqas up thèladzh [mɛqas up θəladʒ]
:wedy qiv [wɛɟ qiv]
:wey ily [wɛj iʎ]
:odh wediv [ɔð wɛdiv]
:ladzhav thècc [ladʒav θəɕ]
:ow melcadzhapyitsh [ɔw mɛʟadʒapjitʃ]
:ow um ywethèmevits [ɔw um ɥɛθəmɛvits]
:èwh om udh ywethèdhevits [əʍ ɔm uð ɥɛθəðɛvits]
:ow kèm ywethèqgadily [ɔw kɛm ɥɛθəðɛɢadiʎ]
:èwh ow kèny fadzhiv [əʍ ɔw kəɲ fadʒiv]
:èq. [əq]

==[[Calcoradish]]==

[[File:Calcoradish sample text (Lord's prayer).jpg|500px]]

*Latin transcription
:Chém e starden

:Vem stár, edur sór agøis sym naeth; a yidur.
:Yidur dræs vem sǿdur e zøch vendur ǿl nabel.
:Yidur dræs vem volnadúr ol zøch vendur adenǽl.
:Yidur dræs vem lygor e zøch vendur nagǿl aver laghne, den andur aver naeth.
:Zøch fegois e odetol vem yidur codurnedem.
:Zøch adegois e cǽge edur yidur modelaer e chter, corem edur yidur adegedoer vem modenódel e agor yidur.
:Zøch dois gorendrǽl e yidur, em decæis yidur gór modhem.
:Volnadúr em voldor em graneth tordýr e zøch triondor.
:Amen.

==[[Labwese]]==
:Getuz-sovex'Vatu pwo njebex,
:getuz-detu'imje sanktifikate;
:riz-detu'Krolete xri sovex;
:faz-detu'Vile pwo zemlje kil pwo njebe.
:Siwodnja daz-detu sovex'xlote;
:e prastjez-detu sovex'deptex,
:kil prastjez-sovex sovex'deptekex;
:njok perlimjez-detu folz pwo temptatje,
:e rifekez-detu takuj ploxje.
:Amen.

==[[Mentolatian]]==
:zan paher, qua-dauv fí-jeuwof dauv og-quarmenom:
:our father, TOP.you, in the heavens you (be-)where

:nin-fêtyom quesam omfi-secchyom, perem fí-jeuwof i-dvan,
:down-gaze and about-look, from in heavens your,

:arjjaguz quesam cuscuw, dauv:
:blessed and lovely, you

:qua-varam pahera i-zan qua-dauv siyymnom quesam le-nes dauv khoelyos:
:TOP.truth father of us indeed you are and ACC.us you make.whole

:qua-náman i-dvan, yisam he arjjagmenem:
:TOP.name your, that-in.particular it (is) blessed

:qua-reget i-dvan, yisam he nin-wanmnem:
:TOP.realm your, that-in.particular it down-come

:qua-wallwan i-dvan, yisam he tintenmnem:
:TOP.will your, that-in.partic it be beautifully done

:nô ôg-jájomd og-qua-jwí-nô:
:as loc.Gea loc.TOP.Heavens as

:qua-sómat i-zan, cabyôm dauv le-he on-nes yiyi og-yi-sunnu:
:TOP.bread.for.the.day of us, give you ACC.it DAT.us that LOC.this.sun/day

:qua-erufezzí i-zan, nô suwatyôm dauv qua-nes, hessam nes suwatyos nô:
:TOP.sins of-us, as wash.clean you TOP.us, them we wash.clean as

:n-dlatem sem le-nes on-piscamat dauv:
:NEG.put NEG ACC.us DAT.trial you

:rats dlatem le-budem de-yi-tartar:
:quicker send ACC.evil to-that-yonder (away)

:n-wanmnem sem og-nes sem nenfâs.
:NEG.come NEG among-us no evil-doing

==[[Roguel]]==
[[File:Pater-noster-roguel.PNG]]
:Andon burcuetnya sigie burcuteget:
:Ronetlinete Attokorutyo,
:ansiradiyabek ec'ungut,
:onabek t'amanextangut,
:hanyiptabek lhardagut,
:ronde hanodeder.
:Unarihat pankorutit pirkoruma.
:Avelkorutna ripna,
:avelkepkorutna ripnakder.
:Pesadey dumirkorimat merey ik'adibikare.
:Guene t'amanextanek, hurotek, yomonek, kolganalnuk.
:Amen.

==[[Urban Basanawa]]==
Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食与うﾟと我等す今日
: 又ん赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えわ゜と我等之負者
: 又ん無率ど我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, geve to us fondag
: en fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergevet ur beshulders
: en ne leed us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho:p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho:p dai 'kiŋdom 'ko:m/
: /'ho:p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik an hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho: p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:vət ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en ne 'li:t us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/

==Koulesch==
: Fater Unser, der is ime himmel
: Geheiligt werde dain name
: dain raich kome
: dain wille gescheh
: auf erden wie ime himmel
: gib uns heyt unser tagliches brout
: und erlou unsere schulde
: wie wir erloun unsere schuldiger
: und fyyre uns nicht in fersuuchung
: aber befrai uns fomme ybel
: Amen

Pronunciation:
: /'fɑ:tər ʊnsər dɛr ɪs ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /g'he:lɪkt 'ʋɛrdə daɪn 'nɑ:mə/
: /daɪn 'raɪx 'ko:mə/
: /daɪn 'ʋɪl:ə g'ʃe:/
: /auf 'ɛrdən ʋi: ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /'gɪp ʊns 'hɛɪt ʊnsərə 'tɑ:klɪxəs 'bro:t/
: /ʊnt ər'lo: ʊnsərə 'ʃʊldə/
: /ʋi: ʋɪr ər'lo:n ʊnsərə 'ʃʊldɪgər/
: /ʊnt 'fi:rə ʊns nɪxt ɪn fər'su:xʊŋ/
: /abər b'fraɪ ʊns fomə 'i:bəl/
: /ɑ:mən/

==Senjecas==
*9b: ɱúm cemenőm éna tąta̋: tu-fę̋to sa̋kaþo ı̋lo
:1-STA.SG | heaven-STA.PL | in | father-VOC.SG | your=name-NOM.SG | holy-IND-PPTCP-NOM.SG | become-SBJV
*10: tu-ręᵹta̋iɱa ǧe̋mo: tu-tőla kı̋aþa ı̋lo épa cemenőmk̬e v̌ętősk̬' éna
:your=kingdom-NOM.SG | come-SBJV | your=will-NOM.SG | do-IND-PPTCP-NOM.SG | become-SBJV | as | heaven-STA.PL-and | earth-STA.SG-and-ELIS | in
*11: ɱúm o sáhvi ɱúm sa̋ho k̬a̋zom dǫ̋e
:1-STA.PL | to this-day-ADV | 1-STA.PL | this-day | bread-MOT.SG | give-IMP
*12: ɱúm vų̋mon ɱum dų̋re épa ɱus ɱúm vų̋mlun dų̋ra
:1-STA.PL | debt-MOT.PL | 1-MOT.PL | debtor-MOT.PL | forgive-IND | as | 1-NOM.PL | 1-STA.PL | debtor-MOT.PL | forgive-IND
*13: xę̋lam | éna | ɱun | de̋uke | mę | þǫ́si | łąxta̋s | ápa | ɱun | še̋ve
: temptation-MOT.SG in 1-MOT.PL lead-IMP not but evil-STA.SG from 1-MOT.PL free-IMP
*hi | ręᵹta̋iɱak̬e | ɱa̋kak̬e | ṁa̋gok̬e | tús | o | še̋ðtam | éna | e̋sa
:for | kingdom-NOM.SG-and | power-NOM.SG-and | glory-NOM.SG-and | eternity | into | be-IND

=Alternative Writing System=
==[[Tower Orthography|Tawyr Oorthaagryfii]]==
*Erlii Maadyrn Ingglic (1662 BCP)
:Aur Fadhyr, witc art in Hevyn,
:Halood bii dhai Neem.
:Dhai Kingdym cym.
:Dhai wil bii dyn,
:in erth az it iz in Hevyn.
:Giv ys dhis dee aur deelii bred.
:And foorgiv ys aur trespasiz,
:Az wii foorgiv dhem dhat trespas ygenst ys.
:And liid ys naat intuu tempteetcyn;
:Byt dylivyr ys frym iivil.
:[Foor dhain iz dhy kingdym, dhy pawyr, and dhy gloorii,
:Foor ever and ever.] Amen.

==Mënk==
By [[User:Sam_s89|Sam_s89]]

*An alternative writing system for a Mancunian conlang, still in the early stages of development.
:Ë të-afse,
:Wah bÿ n Elÿsÿum,
:Fntastk bÿ je næm.
:Je tym kum
:Je wanh bÿ tun
:N ve Näf n Elÿsÿum.
:Gf wÿ ttæ ë clep
:N fegyf ë prÿfjus
:N wÿ ulfegyf veh wah prÿfjus wÿ
:N tunt sent wÿ nefe temcun
:But tlyfe wÿ frm ÿfyl
:[Fe Elÿsÿum, ve pë n glary bÿ ja, në n frefe]
:Ëmn

==[['Ingglish|Íngglish]]==
By [[User:Personak|personak]].

*King Dgeimzs Vurczén (King James Version)
:Aur fáadhur,
:Which aart in héeven,
:Háaloud bii dhai neim.
:Dhai kíngdem kuom,
:Dhai wil bii duon on Urth,
:Azs it izs in héeven.
:Giv uos dhis dei aur déiliy breed.
:And fourgív uos aur deets,
:As wii fourgív aur déeterzs.
:And liid uos not íntuu teemptéicsen,
:Buot delíver uos fruom íivel:
:Four dhain izs dhe kíngdem, and dhe páuwer, and dhe glóuriy, fouréver.
:Éimeen.

[[Category:Texts]]

Urban Basanawa

2015-04-08T12:47:40Z

K1234567890y: /* Content Words */

{{Infobox
|name=Basanawa ''Basanawa/ばさなわ'' Saxenspraak/サクサン語
|pronounce=/basa'nawa/ / /saksənspra:k/
|tu=
|species=Human
|in=
|no=(unknown)
|script=Latin(the Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is called "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Basanawa) Kanji and Kana(the Basanawa variant of Kanji and Kana is called "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字) in Basanawa) The Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is considered as an archaic writing system among Basanawa speakers.
|tree=[[Proto-Indo-European|Indo-European]] 
 Germanic 
  West-Germanic 
   Ingvaeonic 
    [[Low German]]? 
     '''Urban Basanawa'''
|morph=Isolating/Agglutinative~Fusional
|ms=Accusative
|wo=SVO
|creator=[[User:k1234567890y]]
|date=2014
|cals=basanawa
}}

'''Urban Basanawa'''(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ), natively known as '''Saxënspraak'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン語), '''Basakota'''(derived from Rural Basanawa), '''Burgbasa''' or '''Burgspraak''', is a West-Germanic (constructed) language belonging to the Indo-European language family, it is an [[:wikipedia:en:Ingvaeonic languages|Ingvaeonic language]](or a North Sea Germanic language) and is very close to English(in terms of basic words), it is spoken on another planet called "Dë Niuland"(also called "Dë Niuwerld", Basanawa-dji: だ新世界), as the speakers were accidentally transferred by a wormhole to "Dë Niuland".

Urban Basanawa is one of the two language of the Detch people(or Deetch people), the other is [[Rural Basanawa]], more than 70% of the Detch people speak Urban Basanawa as their native tongue.

Like English, Yiddish and Wymysorys, Urban Basanawa is a west-germanic language with a large amount of loanwords.

Urban Basanawa developed from Old Saxon, but the inflection system has been greatly reduced; There are many loanwords from Slavic languages(Mainly a language closely related to Polish, perhaps a dialect of Polish), Malay and Japanese, also, due to the influence of Japanese, and being isolated from other germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't use Latin or Ancient Greek as its source of academic terms.

Despite not being an Anglo-Frisian language, many words of Urban Basanawa are pronunced the same or similar to their English cognates, like feet("feet", pronunciation /fi:t/), fish("fish", pronunciation /fiʃ/), bring("to bring", pronunciation /briŋ/), green("green", pronunciation /gri:n/); but some words are pronunced differently from their English cognates, like ook("eye", pronunciation /u:x/), eggë("edge", pronunciation /ek/), etë("to eat", pronunciation /e:t/); also, there are words which are false friends to their English cognates, for example, deer("animal", pronunciation /di:r/, cognate to English "deer"), selfish("private", pronunciation /selfiʃ/, cognate to English "selfish" but with very different meanings to its English cognates), sood("to prove", pronunciation /su:t/, cognate to English "soothe").

It is thought that [[Toka na Musume]], a language of anime-girl-like girls, is derived from Urban Basanawa, or a creolized form of Urban Basanawa.

The name "[[Basanawa]]" is shared by two languages spoken by the Detch people, one is an Ingvaeonic West Germanic language, called "Urban Basanawa"; the other is an Malayic Malay-Polynesian language, called "[[Rural Basanawa]]", what is introduced in this article, is the "Urban Basanawa" language. Despite sharing the name and used by the same ethnic group, "Urban Basanawa" and "Rural Basanawa" belong to two unrelated language families.

==Origin of words==
Urban Basanawa is a language with a large quantity of loanwords, the source of words is various, and many(if not most) of them are of non-european origin. It is said that most classical languagew of Eurasia of our word, including Classical Chinese(mainly via Japanese), Sanskrit(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Arabic(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Latin and Ancient Greek have all contributed some words to Urban Basanawa.

Despite having numerous loanwords, Urban Basanawa is certainly a west Germanic language close to [[English]], [[Low German]] and [[Frisian]], and most of its grammatical structures and functional words are of Germanic origin.

===Germanic===
Urban Basanawa is a germanic language, it evolves from Old Saxon, most germanic words in Urban Basanawa are inherited from Old Saxon(through sound changes), thus, Urban Basanawa could be seen as a dialect of Low German, but the merger between front rounded vowel into their unrounded counterparts, the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/(Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/ have become /ai/ and /au/ respectively in Urban Basanawa), the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/(the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/, and the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/ have made some Urban Basanawa words sound like their English or Standard German cognates), the preservation of the distinction between Old Saxon short /o/ and /u/, lexical differences(Besides loanwords, semantic shift of native words can also create obstacles in communication) and grammatical changes(Urban Basanawa has lost all nominal cases, and has also lost the germanic V2 order, becoming a SVO language, also, adjectival inflections in Urban Basanawa have also become unproductive and fossilized) can hinder the mutual intelligibility between Urban Basanawa and Low German dialects.

Unlike Low German dialects, the distinction between short /o/ and /u/ of Old Saxon is still maintained in Urban Basanawa.

Besides words that are inherited from Old Saxon, some germanic-origin words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed, some of them are early borrowings borrowed from other germanic dialects in Old Saxon Period, some others are borrowed later indirect through Slavic languages or Japanese, which created some doublets:

* land("land", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - lond("owned land, owned field, property", a slavic borrowing)
* ring("ring", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - rinek("market", a slavic borrowing)
* shirt("apron", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - shatzu("shirt", a japanese borrowing)

Although Urban Basanawa has borrowed kinship terms from Japanese, kinship terms of germanic origin are actually still used in daily communications, also, the pronominal system of Urban Basanawa is still germanic, not influenced by other languages.

===Austronesian===
Urban Basanawa has some from Malay-Indonesian and other Austronesian languages, many Sanskrit(including the word "Basa") and Arabic terms are also borrowed indirectly through Austronesian languages, it is thought that Austronesian languages(mainly Malay-Indonesian) were probably substratums among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

===Slavic===
Urban Basanawa has words from slavic languages, especially Polish and/or Polish-like languages(words borrowed from other slavic languages also exist), before Urban Basanawa speakers started to adopt Japanese, a Polish-like slavic language was served as the superstratum among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

Besides some lexical words, many proper nouns in Urban Basanawa are influenced by slavic languages, for example, some village names are ended with -vitze, which is considered to be from Polish -wice, also, many given names are of Slavic origin, and there are even non-slavic-origin family names ended with -ski(for example, Umeski).

The existence of slavic words may indicte that the direct ancestor of Urban Basanawa(before the speakers being accidentally transferred) was spoken in Poland(of our world) in Middle Ages.

Slavic words for animals are also used as euphemisms by hunters, fishers and butchers speaking Urban Basanawa, as they consider germanic names of animals will bring bad luck when these words are referred in hunting/fishing.

===Greek and Latin-Romance===
Ancient Greek and Latin are much less important among Urban Basanawa speakers than they are in most parts of Europe, compared to other Germanic languages(and most other languages originate from Europe of our world), Urban Basanawa has less influence from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages, most words from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages in Urban Basanawa were borrowed in the Old Saxon period or earlier, or indirectly through other languages.

===Japanese and Chinese===
It is known that Japanese culture has a profound impact on Urban Basanawa-speakers, so Japanese language(Modern Japanese) also has significant influence on Urban Basanawa, Japanese lexicon, especially Sino-japanese ones, is used as a source for academic terms in Urban Basanawa, many modern concepts in Urban Basanawa are from Japanese, Urban Basanawa speakers has even adopted Japanese kana and kanji to write Urban Basanawa.

Japanese people never ruled or colonized the Urban Basanawa speakers, but Japanese was seen as a superior language by Urban Basanawa speakers; also, as some Japanese words are very common in Urban Basanawa, it is supposed that Japanese may also served as an substratum in an earlier stage.

Most of the Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, but there are Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa that are not borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, some of them are borrowed through Malay-Indonesian but others are probably not. Below are some supposed Sinitic words that are not from Sino-Japanese words:
* lobak - radish(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lonkang - drain(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lomuwa~loma - gangster
* bulahi~blahi - whitebait

===Ainu Itak===
There are also some words originating from Ainu, below are some examples:

* tunackai /tu'nakai/ "reindeer" - from Ainu ''tunakkay''
* mossir /'mosir/ "land, region, island" - from Ainu ''mosir''
* tchisse /'tʃise/ "shelter, house" - from Ainu ''cise''
* kamui /'kamui/ "anglic god-like spirit" - from Ainu ''kamuy''
* kamuimossir "paradise, heaven, land of god" - from Ainu ''kamuymosir''

===Calquing in Urban Basanawa===
Besides direct borrowings, calquing is also common to form new words in Urban Basanawa:

* '''handsack/手袋''' /'hantsak/ "glove" - from '''hand/手''' /'hant/ "hand" + '''sack/袋''' /'sak/ "bag,sack", calquing Japanese '''てぶくろ/手袋''' "glove"
* '''weidkind/茸''' /'we:tkint/ "mushroom" - from '''weid/木''' /'we:t/ "wood" + '''kind/子''' /'kint/ "child", calquing Japanese '''キノコ/茸''' "mushroom"
* '''gardfogel/鶏''' /'gartfogəl/ "chicken"<ref>however, it is possible that '''gardfogel''' is not a calque of Japanese '''にわとり''', as the term '''gardfogel''' has been common when Urban Basanawa speakers started to systemically borrow Japanese words</ref> - from '''gard/庭/園''' /'gart/ "garden" + '''fogel/鳥''' /'fogəl/ "bird", calquing Japanese '''にわとり/鶏''' "chicken"
* '''potding/鍋物''' /'potdiŋ/ "hot pot, nabemono", calquing Japanese '''なべもの/鍋物''' "hot pot, nabemono"

==Phonology==
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Consonants
|-
! !! Labials !! Alveolars !! Postalveolars/ Palatals !! Velars/ Glottals
|-
! Nasals
| m || n || || ŋ
|-
! Plosives
| p b || t d || || k g
|-
! Affricates
| || ts dz || tʃ dʒ ||
|-
! Fricatives
| f v || s || ʃ || x~h
|-
! Sonorants
| || r l || j || w
|}
* /v/ is actually the labiodental approximant [ʋ] rather than the labiodental fricative [v] in the actual speech of many speakers.
* /dz/ is sometimes realized as [z]
* /ŋ/ is only contrastive with /n/ at the end of a word, in other places, /ŋ/ is an allophone of /n/ before velars.
* /h/ is pronunced as [x] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a non-front consonant; /h/ is pronunced as [ç] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a front consonant
* the contrast between /p/ and /b/, /t/ and /d/, and /k/ and /g/ is in fact a contrast between fortis and lenis plosives, rather than a contrast between voiceless and voiced plosives, or a contrast between aspirated and non-aspirated plosives.
* /b/, /d/, /g/, /dz/, /dʒ/, /v/ are neutralized respectively with /p/, /t/, /k/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /f/ word-finally.

===Vowels===
Like English and Yiddish, but unlike other Germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't have front rounded vowels, the vowel system of Urban Basanawa is more similar to that of Spanish or Japanese:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+vowels
|-
! !! front || central !! back
|-
! high
| i i: || || u u:
|-
! mid
| e e: || ə || o o:
|-
! low
| || a a:
|}

* In some dialects, the actual pronunciations of the short vowels /i e a o u/ are [ɪ ɛ ɐ ɔ ʊ]

===Sound Changes from Old Saxon to Urban Basanawa===
Although Urban Basanawa has numerous borrowings, and most of them are from non-european languages, most common words and most words used in everyday speech are inherent from Old Saxon, which clearly shows that Urban Basanawa is a West-Germanic language, and as Urban Basanawa has evolved for a long time from Old Saxon, there are certainly some sound changes.

Rules listed below might not be correct, and may not be the complete list. Some of the sound changes coincide with those happened in other Low German dialects, others are peculiar to Urban Basanawa.

Most sound changes of Stage I occured when people who spoke the ancestor languages of Urban Basanawa(persumbly Old Saxon and Middle Low German dialects) were still live in our world, and most sound changes of Stage II occured after they arrived "De Niuland".

Stage I

* i:a > e:
* io > e:
* iu > y:(?) or ie(?) > i:

* ao,aw,auw > ɔ:
* a:o > a:w
* a:i > a:i
* iuw > iu
* euw > eu
* ei,e:i > i:
* e:o,e:w > e:
* V[-stressed](especially when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)(however, this rule is controversial)
* wu > wo
* a > o / _ld (before final consonant devoicing)

* Open syllable lengthening:
** a > ɑ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** o,u,au > ɔ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** e,i > ɛ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** ø,y > œ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables

* V[-stressed] > ə
* V:[-stressed] > V

* θ,(ð) > d (before final consonant devoicing)

* C > C[-voice] / _#(final consonant devoicing)

* Unronding of front rounded vowels(this sound change probably occured much later, but it certainly occurred before the earliest writing record):
** y: > i:
** ø: > e:
** y > i
** ø > e
** œ: > ɛ:
** e: > ei / !_[t,d,θ,ð,r,x~h](uncertain)
** o: > ou / !_[t,d,θ,ð,r,x~h](uncertain)

Stage II

* V: > V / _C(ə)R(R is an resonant /m n l r/, especially before /dər/)(this happens before the diphthongization of vowels and the raising of long vowels; moreover, in certain words, the process was undone due to morphological levelling)

* C: > C

* diphthongization of vowels:
** i:,a:i > ai
** u:,a:w > au
** o:i > oi
** eu,iu > iu

* raising of long vowels:
** ɑ:,a: > a:
** e: (>ei) > i:
** o: (>ou) > u:
** ɛ(:) > e(:)
** ɔ(:) > o(:)

* z > s / #_

* h > Ø / V_V(this sound change probably occured much earlier)

* ə > Ø / _#

there are some irregularities among words, the emergence of these irregularities were probably due to dialect mixing and dialect levelling at some earlier stages of Urban Basanawa:


* Old Saxon ''sumar'' > Urban Basanawa ''summer/夏'' /sumər/ "summer" (the expected form would be *''sommer'' /somər/, it is possible that it changed to summer by analogy of the semantically related word ''sun'' "sun", possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''thiudisk'' > Urban Basanawa ''detch'' /detʃ/ and ''deetch'' /di:tʃ/ (the expected form would be *''daitch'' /daitʃ/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or it was remodelled after the related Old Saxon word thīod or its descendants before the formation of Urban Basanawa)
* Old Saxon ''duru'' > Urban Basanawa ''door/扉'' /du:r/ "door" (the expected form ''dore/扉'' /do:r/ also exists, which created a pair of doublets /do:r/ and /du:r/, it is possible that the emergence of doublet in this word and some other words was due to dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''wika'' > Urban Basanawa ''week/週'' /wi:k/ "week" (the expected form would be *''weik'' /we:k/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing. or modelled after the Old Saxon word wēk "weak")
* Old Saxon *''butera''(speculated form, deduced from Proto (west) Germanic *''buterô'') > Urban Basanawa ''butter/ブッタル'' /butər/ "butter" (the expected form would be *''botter'', possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or actually evolved through the sound change "V[-stressed](especiall when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_C(R is an resonant /m n l r/)" regularly)
* Old Saxon ''hert'' > Urban Basanawa ''hart/心'' /hart/ "heart" (the expected form would be *''hert'' /hert/)

possible irregular words:

* Old Saxon ''frī'' > Urban Basanawa ''free/自由い'' /fri:/ "free" (the expected word would be *''frai'' */frai/ or *''frei'' */fre:/, but it is possible that it was actually a regular sound change modelled after certain forms of adjectives, or modelled after ''dree'', ''free''(the verb evolved regularly from Old Saxon ''frīohon'') or was an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
*words that are subject of the rule "i,u[-stressed] > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)":
** Old Saxon ''bilith'' > Urban Basanawa ''bild/図/像'' /bilt/ "picture, image" (the expected word would be *''beld'' */belt/, it is possible that the form *''bilthi'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''miluk'' > Urban Basanawa ''milk/乳/ミルク'' /milk/ "milk" (the expected word would be *''melk'' */melk/, it is possible that the form *''milk'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''kirikǭ'' > Urban Basanawa ''kirk/教会'' /kirk/ "church" (the expected word would be *''kerk'' /kerk/, it is possible that the form *kirkǭ also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''siluvar'' > Urban Basanawa ''silver/銀'' /silvər/ "silver" (the expected word would be *''selver'' /selvər/, it is possible that the form *''silvar'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)

==Writing systems==
There are several ways to write Urban Basanawa. two of them are introduced below:

===Roman Script/Oldwriting===
The Roman Script for Urban Basanawa, also called the "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Urban Basanawa, is a way to write Urban Basanawa. Roman Script never became widespread among the Detch people, and it has become obsolete, but for the sake of the readers, most Urban Basanawa contents in this article will be written using Roman Scripts.

*A - /a/
*AA - /a:/
*A$Ë - /a:/
*AI - /ai/
*AU - /au/
*B - /b/
*BB - /b/
*CH - /x/
*CK - /k/
*D - /d/
*DD - /d/
*DJ - /dʒ/
*DZ - /dz~z/
*E - /e/
*Ë - /ə/, if it ends a word and is not followed by any consonant, it is silent
*EE - /i:/
*EI - /e:/
*E$Ë - /e:/
*F - /f/
*G - /g/
*GG - /g/
*H - /h/
*I - /i/
*IE - /i:/
*I$Ë - /ai/
*K - /k/
*L - /l/
*M - /m/
*N - /n/
*O - /o/
*OO - /u:/
*OU - /o:/
*OW - /o:/
*O$Ë - /o:/
*P - /p/
*PP - /p/
*R - /r/
*S - /s/
*SS - /s/
*SH - /ʃ/
*T - /t/
*TT - /t/
*TZ - /ts/
*TCH - /tʃ/
*U - /u/
*U$Ë - /au/
*UË - /u:/
*UU - /u:/
*V - /v/
*W - /w/
*WR - /vr/
*Y - /j/(as a consonant),/ai/(as a vowel)

Note:
# $ represents any single consonant
# A, E, O are lengthened to /a:/,/e:/,/o:/ in open syllables
# Ë is not used in actual manuscripts of Urban Basanawa.

===Kanji and Kana===
Urban Basanawa is highly influenced by the Japanese language, and the Detch people have even adopted Japanese Kanji and Kana to write Urban Basanawa, Kanji and Kana for Urban Basanawa has become the most widespread way to write Urban Basanawa among the Detch people.

The Kanji and Kana system used to write Urban Basanawa is called the "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字), the Kanji part is called 漢字(Oldwriting: Kandji) in Urban Basanawa, the Kana part is called 仮名(Oldwriting: Kana) in Urban Basanawa.

====Reading of Kandjis in Urban Basanawa====
Like Japanese Kanji, there are several ways to read Basanawa kandji of Basanawa-dji: 音読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: On-lesing), 訓読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Kun-lesing), 混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Mixed-lesing) and 熟字訓(Oldwriting: Djukudjikun), they are similar to the Japanese On'yomi, Kun'yomi, Mixed readings and Special readings.

=====音読えせぃんﾟ(On-lesing)=====
The '''On-lesing''', the Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a Sino-Japanese word, all On-lesings are borrowed from Japanese On'yomi.

The On-lesing of many words in Urban basanawa are pronunced almost the same as the On'yomi of their Japanese counterparts.

More formal or academic terms are more likely to use On-lesing; while more informal or daily terms are more likely to use Kun-lesing, but there are exceptions.

Example of On-lesings(kandji - On-lesing pronunciation - meaning):

* 音楽 - /ongaku/ - "music"
* 科学 - /kagaku/ - "science"
* 生物学 - /se:butsugaku/ - "biology"
* 地質学 - /tʃiʃitsugaku/ - "geology"
* 予算 - /josan/ - "budget"
* 細胞 - /saibo:/ - "cell(biology)"
* 証明書 - /ʃo:me:ʃo:/ - "certificate"
* 学校 - /gakko:/ - "school"
* 廃墟 - /haikijo/ - "ruin"
* 報酬 - /ho:ʃu:/ - "reward"
* 責任 - /sekinin/ - "responsibility"
* 気体 - /kitai/ - "gas"
* 工場 - /ko:dʒo:/ - "factory"
* 魔法 - /maho:/ - "magic"
* 少女 - /ʃo:dʒo/ - "girl"
* 経済 - /ke:dzai/ - "economy"
* 博士 - /hakuʃi/ - "doctor(one with a doctorate degree)"
* 割引 - /waribiki/ - "discount"
* 国家 - /kokka/ - "country"

however, not every pronunciation from Japanese is seen as a On-lesing, a pronunciation that is from the Yamatokotoba of Japanese is seen as a Kunn-lesing in Urban Basanawa.

=====訓読えせぃんﾟ(Kun-lesing)=====
The '''Kun-lesing''', the non-Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a non-Sino-Japanese word, or '''Landsword'''(Basanawa-dji: 国詞), that closely approximated the meaning of the Chinese character when it was introduced. As with On-lesing, there can be multiple Kun-lesing for the same kandji, and some kandji have no Kun-lesing at all.

Most of the Kun-lesings are of Germanic origin and are inherited from Old Saxon rather than borrowed, and many of them are basic words used in everyday speeech, which reflects the fact that Urban Basanawa is actually a west-Germanic language despite not using writing systems common to other Germanic languages, those Germanic-origin words inherited from Old Saxon are sometimes called '''Saxënword'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン詞). All Saxënwords are Landswords, but not all Landswords are Saxënwords, as Landswords contain words of Austronesian origin, words of Slavic origin, and words of other origins.

Example of Kun-lesings(kandji - Kun-lesing pronunciation - meaning):
* 西 - /'west/ - "west"
* 北 - /'nort/ - "north"
* 屋 - /'haus/ - "house"
* 橋 - /'brik/ - "bridge"
* 馬 - /'ros/ - "horse"
* 山 - /'berx/ - "mountain"
* 朝 - /'morgən/ - "morning"
* 夜 - /'naxt/ - "night"
* 日 - /'sun/ - "sun"
* 日 - /'dax/ - "day"
* 病 - /'ba:n/ - "disease"
* 鬼 - /'gi:st/ - "ghost"
* 魚 - /'fiʃ/ - "fish(general term)"
* 魚 - /'riba/ - "fish(euphemism used by fishers and anglers)"
* 畑 - /'felt/ - "field"
* 田 - /'sa:wa/ - "paddy field"
* 鶏 - /'manuk/ - "chicken"
* 綿 - /'kapuk/ - "cotton"
* 帝 - /'radʒa/ - "emperor, raja"
* 薬 - /'lek/ - "medicine(substance for curing), drug"
* 壺 - /'dzbanek/ - "jug"
* 蛸 - /'tako/ - "octopus"
* 猫 - /'neko/ - "cat"
* ときめき - /tokimeki/ - "crush(feeling of love)"
* 萌え - /'moe/ - "crush(feeling of love, especially to a cutie), cute(especially for a lovely girl)"
* 食えいと - /'e:t/ - "to eat"
* 見えい - /'se:/ - "to see"
* 見いんど - /'fint/ - "to find"
* 作く - /'ma:k/ - "to make"
* 送ど - /'sent/ - "to send"
* 費ど - /'spent/ - "to spend"
* 老ど - /'olt/ - "old"
* 他る - /'odər/ - "other"
* 大と - /'gru:t/ - "great, large, big"
* 生う - /'ro:/ - "raw"
* 大い - /'vilki/ - "large"
* 海星 - /'si:ster/ - "starfish"

=====混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Mixëd-lesing)=====
There are kandji compounds that use a mixture of On-lesing and Kun-lesing, they are known as '''Mixëd-lesing'''.

=====義訓(Gikun)/熟字訓(Djukudjikun)=====
'''Gikun''' and '''Djukudjikun''' are readings of kandji combinations that have no direct correspondence to the characters' individual On-lesing or Kun-lesing, but rather are connected with their meaning.

Example of Gikun/Djukudjikun(kandji - Gikun/Djukudjikun pronunciation - meaning):
* 兵器 - /'wa:pən/ - "weapon"
* 飛行 - /'fle:x/ - "flight"
* 結婚式 - /'svadba/ - "wedding ceremony"
* 精神 - /'gi:st/ - "spirit"
* 聖書 - /al'kitap/ - "The Bible"
* 玻璃 - /'glas/ - "glass"
* 教会 - /'kirk/ - "church"
* 子牛 - /'kalf/ - "calf(of a cow)"
* 地獄 - /'hel/ - "hell"
Due to the fact that Germanic languages have phonological and semantic structures different from that of Chinese languages or Japanese, and that there are considerable amounts loanwords of Slavic and Austronesian origin in Urban Basanawa, it is believed that the proportion of Gikun and Djukudjikun in Urban Basanawa is higher than that in Japanese.

==Grammar==
Being a germanic language, it shares many common structures with English, but there are also differences.

===Word Order===
The word order of Urban Basanawa is very similar to English:
*Basic word order: Subject-Verb-Object(SVO)
*Adpositions are prepositions
*Demonstratives and Numerals precede the noun they modify, relative clauses follow the noun they modify, adjectives can precede or follow the noun they modify(prenominal adjectives are more common)
Urban Basanawa does not have V2 order at all, and word order inversion is not used for interrogatives, and Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial yes-no question particle.

===Interrogatives===
In Urban Basanawa, word order inversion is not used for interrogatives:
* Du saast wat? - what did you see?
* Hau du feelst? - how do you feel?

Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial particle for yes-no questions "is-it dat":
* is-it dat it is de haus fon dy tomodatchi? - is it the house of your friend?

"is-it dat" is frequently contracted to "ista".

It is also possible to ask yes-no questions simply by using a raising intonation on a sentence(In Urban Basanawa, like English, declarative sentences usually have a falling intonation):

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

which is equivalent to the following sentence:

* is-it dat Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

Tag question is formed by adding the negation word "ne" to the end of the sentence:

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep, ne? - Noire has fallen in love with Nep-nep, hasn't she?

===Relative clauses===
Relative clauses start with the invariant relativizers dë and dat:
* dë haus, dë is by dë strand, was bocht faif yaars beforë - the house, which is by the beach, was bought five years ago.
* dë musume, dë [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Nepgear|Nepgear]] luëvët, is dë imowto fon Noire - the girl, whom Nepgear loves, is the younger sister of Noire.

dat can also be used to form nominal clauses:
* it is good, dat all kindër kan gaa to gackows. - it is good that all children can go to schools.
* [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] ne kent dat [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Noire|Noire]], dë Megami fon [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Lastation|Lastation]], hat fallën in koi mid iem. - Nep-nep doesn't know that Noire, the Goddess of Lastation, has fallen in love with her.

Unlike most European languages, interrogative words(the so-called relative pronouns) are not used for relative clauses except for relative clauses without antecedents.

===Negation===
negation is formed by using the negation word ''ne'', the word ne precedes the word it negates:

* Leanbox ne hat Megami Kouhosei - Leanbox doesn't have CPU candidates.
* In dë miestze, dë hat fishbeens swimmënd, Uni sheedë mid Nepgear, for Uni dacht, dat Nepgear ne heelëd Noire, dë oneisan fon Uni. - in the place where there are swimming fishbones, Uni broke up with Nepgear, for Uni thought that Nepgear didn't save Noire, Uni's big sister.

ne usually follows an aux verb:

* Nepgear konst ne fërstand, wai Uni weld ne feech ien. - Nepgear couldn't understand why Uni didn't want to join her.

It is supposed that the Urban Basanawa ''ne'' is not directly from Proto-Germanic ''ne'', but rather a contraction of earlier negations.

===Possession===
Possession can be formed by using prepositions, the most common preposition for possession is "fon", if a preposition is used for possession, the possessor follows the possessed:

* dë haus fon dë megami - the goddess's house
* dë wagën fon dy fadër - the car of your father

also, a structure similar to the "His-genitive" in English is also used, where the 3rd singular possessive pronoun "is" is used, if the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is used for possession, the possessor precedes the possessed, the possessive pronoun frequently pronunced as "s" and written as "së" in Oldwriting:

* dë megami së haus/だ女神彼す屋 - /də 'megami s 'haus/ - the goddess's house
* dy faddër së wagën/だ父彼す車 - /dai fadər s 'wagən/ - the car of your father

The "is" in this usage does not influenced by the number of possessor or possessed:

* dë werker së gëreed - /də werkər sə gəri:t/ - the tool of the worker
* dë werker së gëreeds - /də werkər sə gəri:ts/ - the tools of the worker
* dë werkers së gëreed - /də werkərs sə gəri:t/ - the tool of the workers
* dë werkers së gëreeds - /də werkərs sə gəri:ts/ - the tools of the workers

the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is standard in Urban Basanawa.

there was an genitive case suffix -s, but the genitive -s suffix has fallen out of use and has become a derivative affix used for some compounds.

===Noun===
Nouns has lost the distinction between genders and cases, but it still has the distinction between singular and plural forms.

there are different types of nouns: s-nouns, n-nouns, r-nouns, umlaut-nouns.

the plural form of a s-noun is formed by adding the -s/-ës(the -s form is used when the noun is ended with vowels, liquids or /n/, otherwise the -ës is used) suffix to the end of the noun, it seems that most nouns belong to this class:

*man("man") - mans(the plural form of man can also be men or mennër)
*fingër("finger") - fingërs
*boom("tree") - boomës
*fish("fish") - fishës
*ring("ring") - ringës
*dag("day") - dagës
*maud("mouth") - maudës

the plural form of a n-noun is formed by adding the -n/-ën suffix to the end of the noun:

*oog("eye") - oogën
*erd("earth") - erdën

the plural form of a r-noun is formed by adding the -r/-ër suffix to the end of the noun, and the stem vowel may undergo umlaut:

*lamb("lamb") - lembër
*kalf("calf") - kelvër
*kind("child") - kindër

the plural form of a umlaut-noun is formed by changing the stem vowel:

*foot("foot") - feet
*book("book") - beek
*kau("cow") - kai
*maus("mouse") - mais
*gast("guest") - gest
*burg("city") - birg

Plural forms are not obliged in Urban Basanawa, and in colloquial speech it is common to use singular forms in place of plural forms.

===Verb===
Verbs conjugate according to tense-aspect-moods.

Verbs have infinitive, present, past, present participle, past participle forms, in earlier forms of Urban Basanawa, the infinitive form of a verb ends with -ën, but the -ën ending has been dropped, and they are identical to the present form in almost every case(some verbs still maintain different infinitive forms), the infinitive form ending in -ën is largely considered as an archaic form.

as most germanic languages, Urban Basanawa verbs can be devided into two classes: strong verb and weak verb.

the past tense of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel if it is a strong verb.

Examples of weak verbs:
* make /ma:k/ "to make" - maked /ma:kət/ "(I/he/she/it) made"
* weep /wi:p/ "to weep" - weeped /wi:pət/ "(I/he/she/it) wept"
* leed /li:t/ "to lead" - leeded /li:dət/ "(I/he/she/it) led"
* meet /mi:t/ "to meet" - meeted /mi:tət/ "(I/he/she/it) met"

in some dialects, the past tense forms of weak verbs ending with /t/ and /d/ are same to their present forms, or are formed by shortening the stem vowel:

* leed /li:t/ "to lead" - leed /li:t/ "led" or ledd /let/ "(I/he/she/it) led"
* meet /mi:t/ "to meet" - meet /mi:t/ "met" or mett /met/ "(I/he/she/it) met"

the present participle of a verb, no matter it is a strong or weak verb, is formed by adding -ënd to the end of the infinitive form.

the past participle of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel and then adding -ën to the end if it is a strong verb, in more archaic or some dialectical usages, the prefix gë- is used for past participle forms also.

some examples are shown below:

Strong verb:
* Nep-nep etët gohan - [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] eats a meal
* Nep-nep is etënd gohan/Nep-nep is an (dë) etë gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep doot etënd gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep atë gohan - Nep-nep ate a meal
* Nep-nep hat etën gohan - Nep-nep has eaten a meal

Weak verb:
* hi makët rings - he/she makes ring.
* hi is makënd rings/hi is an (dë) makë rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi doot makënd rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi makëd rings - he/she made rings.
* hi hat makëd rings - he/she has made rings.

Like English, infinitives of Urban Basanawa can be preceded by the particle "to", but the to-infinitive is not frequently used in some dialects of Urban Basanawa.

In Urban Basanawa, the verbal noun of a verb is formed by using the -ing suffix, also, in many strong verbs, the verbal noun can be formed by simply applying the ablaut of the stem:

* (to) makë("to make") - mak'''ing'''("act of making")
* (to) s'''i'''ng ("to sing") - s'''a'''ng/sing'''ing'''("act of singing")
* (to) f'''i'''nd ("to find") - f'''a'''nd/find'''ing'''("act of finding")

however, ablaut forms are largely fossilized in Urban Basanawa, and the -ing forms are more common even for strong verbs.

the usage of verbal nouns in Urban Basanawa is similar to that of English:

* warding folks is en megami is shigoto. - protecting people is the job of a goddess.
* drinking alë smertët eener is rau - drinking beers harms one's body.

-ing forms cannot be used for present particles, and present particles cannot be used for gerunds, so the sentences below are incorrect:
* *hi is making rings(the correct form is "hi is makënd rings" or "hi is an (dë) makë rings")
* *drinkënd alë smertët eener is rau(the correct form is "drinking alë smert eener is rau")

====Agreements====
present:
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -st*/-est
*3rd person singular: -t*/-et(same as 1st person singular in modal verbs )
*plural: -t*/-et(-en in modal verbs)

preterite(past tense, agreement suffixes added after the past tense suffix -ëd in weak verbs):
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -est
*3rd person singular: -
*plural: -en

Note: forms with * are used for verbs ending in vowels.

the verb "wese"("to be") and "have"("to have") have irregular forms:

"wese"("to be"):
present:
*1st person singular: bin
*2nd person singular: bist
*3rd person singular: is
*plural: sind

preterite:
*1st person singular: was
*2nd person singular: weer
*3rd person singular: was
*plural: warn

"have"("to have"):
present:
*1st person singular: have
*2nd person singular: hast
*3rd person singular: hat~haft
*plural: have

preterite:
*1st person singular: had
*2nd person singular: haddest
*3rd person singular: had
*plural: hadden

====Copula====
* infinitive: wesë
* present: is
* past: was
* past particle: wesën
In Colloquial usage, copulae can be omitted, especially the present copula "is":
* dat man en ribanik - that man is a fisher.
* dat ovët sweet - the fruit is sweet.

====Strong verbs====
Like other germanic languages, there are strong verbs in Urban Basanawa, and they follow certain patterns to produce different forms, although there are anomalies in strong verbs, making the patterns less regular.

Besides these patterns of stem vowel changes, the past participle forms of strong verbs require an -ën/-あ*ん(あ* is an A-dan kana where the consonant corresponds the ending consonant of the infinitive/present form of the verb it attaches to) ending.

The stem vowel of different classes of strong verbs are listed below(arranged in the form of "Present Tense - Past Tense - Past Participle"):

In Oldwriting：
* Class I: i$ë - ie$ - i$($)*
* Class II: au/ee - oo - o
* Class III:
** i - a - u
** e - a - o
* Class IV: e - a - o
* Class V: e/i - a - e
* Class VI: a - oo - a
* Class VII*:
** a/o - e/(ee/ie) - a/o
** aa/oo - ee - a/o

In Basanawa-dji:
* Class I: あい - いい - い
* Class II: あう/いい - うう - お
* Class III:
** い - あ - う
** え - あ - お
* Class IV: えい - ああ - お
* Class V:
** えい - ああ - え
** い - あ - え
* Class VI: あ/ああ - うう - あ
* Class VII*:
** あ/お - え/(いい) - あ/お
** ああ/おう - いい - あ/お

Note:
# In General, in Class VII strong verbs, if the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short; if the stem vowel of the present tense form is long, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also long; however, in the past tense forms of some Class VII strong verbs, while the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short, although in these verbs, there are usually more regular alternatives.
# The $ in the Class I strong verb pattern is a single consonant letter in Oldwriting.

===Adjective===
Like English, adjectives in the standard form don't agree with nouns they modify in Urban Basanawa, however, in archaic usages, attributive adjectives are ended with -ë:

* en goodë dag - 一ん良だ日 - a good day
* goodë dagës - 良だ日す - good days
* dë goodë dag - だ良だ日 - the good day
* dë goodë dagës - だ良だ日す - the good days

predicative adjectives, however, don't take the -ë ending:

* fondag is good - 今日いす良で - today is good

Adjectives of Germanic origin have comparative and superlative forms:
*comparative: -ër
*superlative: -ëst

for example:

* fondag is heet - 今日いす暑と - today is hot
* fondag is heetër dan gestërn - 今日いす暑たるだん昨日 - today is hotter than yesterday
* fondag is dë heetëst dag in dis yaar - 今日いすだ暑たすと日中ん此年 - today is the hottest day in this year

These forms are sometimes used on adjectives of non-Germanic origins, but its use is largely restricted to Germanic adjectives.

Due to the large amount of Japanese words in Urban Basanawa, there are also na-adjectives in Urban Basanawa. In Urban Basanawa, all na-adjectives are ended with -na(-な) or -no(-の), the -na(-な) and -no(-の) are dropped when these adjectives are used predicatively:

* en okubiyow-na kuroneko - 一ん臆病な黒猫 - a timid black-cat.
* dë kuroneko is okubiyow - だ黒猫いす臆病 - the black-cat is timid.

the -no(-の) ending can also be used for possessive adjectives.

==Words==
===Pronouns===

====personal pronouns====
Pronouns have cases, but the usage of subject pronouns is declining, and many dialects don't use subject pronouns at all.

1st person singular:
*subject: ik(吾)
*object: mi(我)
*genitive: my/minë(我い/我ん)

2nd person singular:
*subject: du(汝)
*object: di(爾)
*genitive: dy/dinë(爾い/爾ん)

3rd person singular:
*subject it(彼と)(inanimate)/hi(彼)(animate)
*object: it(彼と)(inanimate)/ien(彼ん)(animate)
*genitive: is(彼す)

1st person plural:
*subject: wi(我等)
*object: us(我等す)
*genitive: aus/ur~aur(我等す/我等る)
*subject/object(in some dialects): mi allër(generic or exclusive)/yumi(inclusive, from yu+mi)

2nd person plural:
*subject: yi(汝等)
*object: yu(爾等)
*genitive: yur(爾等る)

3rd person plural:
*subject/object: allër/sie(彼等)
*genitive: ier(彼等る)

reflexive: self(己)(also used with the genitive form of other pronouns)

for some personal pronouns, there were emphatic forms:

1st person singular:
*object: my

2nd person singular:
*subject: dau
*object: dy

1st person plural:
*object: aus

====demonstratives====

*this: dis/dit(此)
*that: dat(彼)
*these: dese(此す)
*those: die(彼い)
*here: hier(ひいる/此る)
*there: daar(だある/彼る)
*the(definite article): dë(だ)

====interrogative pronouns====

*who: wee(誰い)
*what: wat(何と)
*when: wan(何ん)
*where: wor(をる/何る)/war(わる/何る)
*how: hau(はう/何う)
*why: wai/warum(わい/何い)
*which: wilk(ゐるﾟく/何く)
Interrogatives are not used to start relative clauses when there are antecedents.

===Numerals===
# 1: een/en(一)
# 2: twee(二)
# 3: dree(三)
# 4: fier(四)
# 5: faif/fimf(五)
# 6: sex(六)
# 7: sevën(七)
# 8: acht(八)
# 9: negën(九)
# 10: ten(十)
# 11: elvën~elf(十一)
# 12: twelf(十二)
# 13: dreetin(十三)
# 14: fiertin(十四)
# 15: fiftin(十五)
# 16: sextin(十六)
# 17: sevëntin(十七)
# 18: achtin(十八)
# 19: negëntin(十九)
# 20: twentig(二十)
* 30: dreetig(三十)
* 40: fiertig(四十)
* 50: fiftig(五十)
* 60: sextig(六十)
* 70: sevëntig(七十)
* 80: achtig(八十)
* 90: negëntig(九十)
* hundred: hundërd(百)
* thousand: dausënd(千)

* ordinal number marker: -t/-ët(番)

For ordinal numbers, first and second have special forms:
* first: erst(一番)
* second: odër(二番/他る)(also means "other", the regular form "twee-t" is also used)

===Conjunctions===
*when/if: wen(ゑん)
*if: ef(えふ)
*before: bëforë(ば前る/前る)
*after: aftër(後た)
*and: end/en(えん/又ん)
*or: ed/eddë(えだ)
*but: ack(あく)
*then/than: dan(だん)

===Content Words===
====Names of Months====
Urban Basanawa has two set set of names of months, one is Slavic-origin, the other is Japanese-origin, the set of the latin-derived calendar month names used in many western europe languages(like English) is not used in Urban Basanawa:

Japanese-origin:
# January: Mutzuki(睦月)
# February: Kisaragi(如月)
# March: Yayoi(弥生)
# April: Udzuki(卯月)
# May: Satzuki(皐月)/Sanaetzuki(早苗月)
# June: Minadzuki(水無月)
# July: Fumidzuki(文月)
# August: Hadzuki(葉月)
# September: Nagatzuki(長月)
# October: Kannadzuki(神無月)
# November: Shimotzuki(霜月)
# December: Shiwasu(師走)

Slavic-origin:
# January: Stitchen
# February: Luti
# March: Madjetz
# April: kvitchen
# May: Mai
# June: Tchervitz
# July: Lipitz
# August: Sherpin
# September: Vdjeshen
# October: Pazdjernik
# November: Listopat
# December: Grudjen

====Days of a week====
#Monday: maandag(月日)/getzuyowbi(月曜日)
#Tuesday: firedag(火日)/kayowbi(火曜日)
#Wednsday: waterdag(水日)/suiyowbi(水曜日)
#Thursday: wieddag(木日)/mokuyowbi(木曜日)
#Friday: golddag(金日)/kinyowbi(金曜日)
#Saturday: sobota/erddag(土日)/doyowbi(土曜日)*
#Sunday: sundag(日日)/nitchiyowbi(日曜日)
The word "sobota" is the most common term for saturday in Urban Basanawa

====Kinship terms====

*Father: fadër(父)
*Mother: modër(母)

The terms for sibling is rather complex in Urban Basanawa, comparable to that of Hungarian:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:200px; height:200px;"
|+ Siblings terms in Urban Basanawa
|-
!
! older
! younger
! unspecified
|-
! male
| ani(兄) || otowto(弟) || brodër(兄弟)
|-
! female
| ane(姉) || imowto(妹) || swestër(姉妹)
|-
! unspecified
| kakak(兄姉) || adik(弟妹) || gësibb(兄弟姉妹) brodër-swestër(兄弟姉妹) kakak-adik(兄弟姉妹)
|}

that means all the sentences below can be used to mean "Nepgear is the little sister of Nep-nep":
* Nepgear is dë swestër fon Nep-nep(specify the gender, but not the relative age)
* Nepgear is dë adik fon Nep-nep(specify the relative age, but not the gender)
* Nepgear is dë imowto fon Nep-nep(specify both the gender and the relative age)

Kinship terms are ususally borrowing-resistant items of the lexicon of a language, however, it is obvious that there are many Austronesian- and Japanese-derived kinship terms in Urban Basanawa, which may indicate the effect of substrate languages, and Japanese, which is usually seen as a superstratum of Urban Basanawa, may have also played a role as a substratum in the formation of Urban Basanawa.

===Swadesh List===
* I - 吾 /ik/(subject) / 我 /mi/~/mi:/(oblique) / 我い /mai/ (possessive/genitive) / 我ん /main/ (possessive/genitive)
* you (singular) - 汝 /du/~/du:/(subject) / 爾 /di/~/di:/(oblique) / 爾い /dai/ (possessive/genitive) / 爾ん /dain/ (possessive/genitive)
* he - 彼 /hi/~/hi:/(subject) / 彼ん /in/~/i:n/(oblique) / 彼す /is/ (possessive/genitive)
* we - 我等 /wi/(subject) / 我等す /us/(oblique) / 我等る /ur/~/aur/ (possessive/genitive)
* you (plural) - 汝等 /ji/(subject) / 爾等 /ju/(oblique) / 爾等る /jur/ (possessive/genitive)
* they - 彼等 /si:/(subject) / 彼等 /si:/(oblique) / 彼等る /i:r/ (possessive/genitive)
* this - 此 /dis/
* that - 彼 /dat/
* here - 此る /hi:r/
* there - 彼る /da:r/
* who - 誰い /wi:/
* what - 何と /wat/
* where - 何る /war/~/wor/
* when - 何ん /wan/
* how - 何う /hau/
* not - ね/無 /ne/
* all - 全るﾟ /al/
* many - 多にきﾟ /'meniç/~*/'menig-/ / 多るﾟ /fi:l/
* some - そうむ /so:m/
* few - 少う /fu:/
* other - 他る /'odər/
* one - 一 /i:n/~/en/
* two - 二 /twi:/
* three - 三 /dri:/
* four - 四 /fi:r/
* five - 五 /faif/
* big - 大と /gru:t/
* long - 長んﾟ /laŋ/
* wide - 広ど /wait/~*/waid-/
* thick - 厚く /dik/
* heavy - 重ゐﾟきﾟ /'heviç/~*/'hevig-/ / 重る /swa:r/
* small - 小ん /kli:n/
* short - 短と /ʃort/~/kort/
* narrow - 狭んﾟ /eŋ/
* thin - 薄ん/細ん /din/
* woman - 女 /waif/
* man (adult male) - 男 /man/
* man (human being) - 人 /osoba/ / /man/
* child - 子 /kint/~*/kind-/
* wife - 妻 /'i:frau/
* husband - 夫 /'i:man/
* mother - 母 /'modər/
* father - 父 /'fadər/
* animal - 動物 /di:r/ / 動物 /do:'butsu/
* fish - 魚 /fiʃ/
* bird - 鳥 /fogəl/
* dog - 犬 /hunt/~*/hund-/
* louse - 虱 /laus/
* snake - 蛇 /sna:k/
* worm - 虫 /worm/ / 虫 /'tʃatʃiŋ/
* tree - 樹 /bu:m/
* forest - 森 /wolt/~*/wold-/ / 森 /las/ / 森 /mori/
* stick/branch - 枝(tree branch/tree stick) /twaiç/~*/twaig-/ / 支(branch in general) /twaiç/~*/twaig-/
* fruit - 果 /'ovət/ / 果 /'wastəm/
* seed - 種 /sa:t/~*/sa:d-/
* leaf - 葉 /lu:f/ / 葉 /blat/~*/blad-/
* root - 根 /'wortəl/
* bark - 樹皮 /bark/
* flower - 花 /blu:m/ / 花 /'hana/
* grass - 草 /gras/
* rope - 縄 /ri:p/
* skin - 皮 /haut/~*/haud-/
* meat - 肉 /fleʃ/
* blood - 血 /blu:t/~*/blu:d-/
* bone - 骨 /bi:n/ / 骨 /kna:k/
* fat - 脂 /fet/
* egg - 卵 /ai/
* horn - 角 /horn/
* tail - 尾 /stert/
* feather - 羽 /'fedər/
* hair - 髪(headhair of human being) /ha:r/ / 毛(hair in general) /ha:r/
* head - 頭 /hi:t/~*/hi:d-/ /首 /hi:t/~*/hi:d-/
* ear - 耳 /u:r/
* eye - 目 /u:x/~*/u:g-/
* nose - 鼻 /ne:s/
* mouth - 口 /maut/~*/maud-/
* tooth - 歯 /tant/~*/tand-/
* tongue - 舌 /tuŋ/
* fingernail - 爪 /'nagəl/
* foot - 足 /fu:t/
* leg - 脚 /kaki/
* knee - 膝 /kni:/
* hand - 手 /hant/~*/hand-/
* wing - 翼 /'flegəl/
* belly - 腹 /bauk/
* guts - 腸("bowel") /darm/ / 器官 /kikan/
* neck - 首 /nak/
* back - 背 /bak/
* breast - 胸 /brust/
* heart - 心 /hart/
* liver - 肝 /'levər/
* drink - 飲いんく /driŋk/
* eat - 食えいと /e:t/
* bite - 噛あいと /bait/
* suck - 吸あうかﾟ /saux/~*/saug-/
* spit - 吐あい /spai/
* vomit - 吐かﾟ /'muntax/
* blow - 吹い /blai/
* breathe - 呼吸む /'adəm/
* laugh - 笑かﾟ /lax/
* see - 見えい /se:/
* hear - 聞る /hi:r/
* know - 知えいと /wi:t/ / 知ん /ken/
* think - 考えんく /deŋk/
* smell - 嗅いいく /ri:k/
* fear - 恐と /forxt/
* sleep - 寝ぷ /sla:p/
* live - 活うﾟ /le:f/~*/le:v-/
* die - 死えるうﾟ /sterf/~*/sterv-/
* kill - 殺るﾟ /kel/
* fight - 戦えかﾟと /feçt/ / 闘えかﾟと /feçt/
* hunt - 狩かﾟ /ja:x/~*/ja:g-/ / 猟かﾟ /ja:x/~*/ja:g-/
* hit - 打ああ /sla:/ / 撃ああ /sla:/
* cut - 切あいど /snait/~*/snaid-/
* split - 割いいど /ʃi:t/ / 離いいど /ʃi:t/
* stab - 刺えいく /ste:k/
* scratch - 磨と /krat/ / 擦と /krat/ / 磨あうﾟ /ʃa:f/~*/ʃa:v-/ / 擦あうﾟ /ʃa:f/~*/ʃa:v-/ / 剃あうﾟ("to shave") /ʃa:f/~*/ʃa:v-/
* dig - 掘ああうﾟ /gra:f/~*/gra:v-/ / 掘えるﾟうﾟ /delf/~*/delv-/
* swim - 泳む /swim/
* fly - 飛かﾟ /fli:ç/~*/fli:g-/
* walk - 歩ん /bər'dʒalan/
* come - 来おおむ /ko:m/
* lie - 横いく /lik/~*/lig-/ / 置いく("to put") /lik/~*/lig-/
* sit - 座いと /sit/
* stand - 立あんど /stant/~*/stand-/ / 立ああ /sta:/
* turn - 回あい /drai/ / 転あい /drai/
* fall - 落あるﾟ /fal/ / 生あるﾟ("to happen") /fal/
* give - 与えうﾟ /ge:f/~*/ge:v-/
* hold - 持おるﾟど /holt/~*/hold-/ / 飼おるﾟど("to keep a pet") /holt/~*/hold-/
* squeeze - 絞す /kets/ / 搾す /kets/
* rub - 擦あいうﾟ /vraif/~*/vraiv-/
* wash - 洗あし /waʃ/
* wipe - 拭うﾟ /swerf/~*/swerv-/
* pull - 引いい /ti:/
* push - 押いんﾟ /driŋ/
* throw - 投えるぷ /werp/
* tie - 縛いんど /bint/~*/bind-/
* sew - 縫う /siw/
* count - 数えるﾟ /gə'tel/
* say - 言かﾟ /sax/~*/sag-/
* sing - 歌いんﾟ /siŋ/
* play - 遊く /li:k/ / 玩く /li:k/ / 遊るﾟ /spe:l/ / 玩るﾟ /spe:l/
* float - 浮いいと /fli:t/ / 漂いいと /fli:t/
* flow - 流おい /floi/
* freeze - 凍いいす /fri:s/
* swell - 膨えるﾟ /swel/ / 腫えるﾟ /swel/
* sun - 日 /sun/
* moon - 月 /ma:n/
* star - 星 /ster/
* water - 水 /'watər/
* rain - 雨 /'regən/
* river - 川 /'kali/
* lake - 湖 /la:k/
* sea - 海 /si:/ / 海 /me:r/
* salt - 塩 /salt/
* stone - 石 /sti:n/
* sand - 沙 /sant/~*/sand-/ / 砂 /sant/~*/sand-/
* dust - 屑 /dust/ / 塵 /dust/
* earth - 土 /ert/~*/erd-/ / 地 /ert/~*/erd-/
* cloud - 雲 /'wolkən/
* fog - 霧 /'nevəl/
* sky - 天 /'hevən/ / 空 /'hevən/
* wind - 風 /wint/~*/wind-/
* snow - 雪 /sni:/
* ice - 氷 /ais/
* smoke - 煙 /ru:k/
* fire - 火 /fair/
* ash - 灰 /aʃ/
* burn - 燃いん(intransitive) /brin/ / 焼いん(intransitive) /brin/ / 燃ん(transitive) /bren/
* road - 道 /weç/~*/weg-/ / 路 /weç/~*/weg-/
* mountain - 山 /berx/~*/berg-/
* red - 赤ど /ru:t/~*/ru:d-/
* green - 緑ん /gri:n/
* yellow - 黃 /ge:l/
* white - 白と /wait/
* black - 黒と /swart/
* night - 夜 /naxt/
* day - 日 /dax/
* year - 年 /ja:r/
* warm - 温む(objects or feelings) /warm/ / 暖む(weather) /warm/
* cold - 冷ど(objects) /kolt/~*/kold-/ / 寒ど(weather) /kolt/~*/kold-/
* full - 満るﾟ /ful/
* new - 新う /niu/
* old - 老ど(person) /olt/~*/old-/ / 古(thing) /olt/~*/old-/
* good - 良ど /gu:t/~*/gu:d-/
* bad - 悪と /sliçt/
* rotten - 腐るﾟ /faul/
* dirty - 泥ききﾟ /'drekiç/ / 汚ききﾟ /'drekiç/
* straight - 直てぃきﾟ /'riçtiç/
* round - 丸い /ma'ruji/ / 円い /ma'ruji/
* sharp - 鋭ぷ /ʃarp/
* dull - 鈍ぷ /stump/
* smooth - 滑いいど /smi:t/~*/smi:d-/
* wet - 湿と /nat/ / 濡と /nat/
* dry - 乾かﾟ /dri:ç/~*/dri:g-/
* correct - 正と /reçt/ / 正しい /ta'daʃi:/
* near - 近あ /na:/
* far - 遠る /fer/ / 遥る /fer/ / 遥か-な /ha'rukana/
* right - 右 /reçt/
* left - 左 /luft/
* at - 在ん /an/
* in - 中ん(stative) /in/ / 内ん(stative) /in/ / 込ん(direction towards) /intə/ / 入ん(direction towards) /intə/
* with - みど(comitative and instrumental) /mit/~*/mid-/
* and - えん /en/ / 又ん /en/
* if - えふ /ef/
* because - ふぉる /for/
* name - 名 /na:m/

==Similarities to English and other west-germanic languages==
While talking about things of the everyday life, Urban Basanawa does not differ much from other west germanic languages, except for the writing system:

* dë man is in dë Haus /də man is in də haus/ - だ男いす中んだ屋 - The man is in the house
* du hast twee kau /du hast twi: kau/ - 汝持すと二牛 - you have two cows
* dat is ne dy ball, it is my ball /dat is ne dai bal it is mai bal/ - 彼いす非爾い球、彼といす我い球 - that is not your ball, it is my ball.

Some sentences are even identical or near-identical to their counterparts in other west germanic languages:
* It is good. - /it is gu:t/ - 彼といす良ど - It is good.(similar to its counterpart in English when written in Oldwriting)
* My hand is in warm watër. - /mai hant is in warm watər/ - 我い手いす中ん温む水 - My hand is in warm water.(similar to its counterpart in English and Afrikaans when written in Oldwriting)
* Dat is en hund. - /it is en hunt/ - 彼いす一ん犬 - that is a dog(similar to its counterpart in Low German when written in Oldwriting)

But when it comes to more academic ideas, Urban Basanawa sometimes can be almost completely alien to speakers of other germanic languages:

* Bibunsekibungaku is dë kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku, it doo kenkiyuu bibunhow en sekibunhow /bibunsekibungaku is də kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku it du: kenkju: bibunho: en sekibunho:/ - 微分積分学いすだ基本的な部分ふぉん解析学、彼とどぅう研究微分法又ん積分法 - Calculus is the fundamental part of mathematical analysis, it researches differentiation and integration.

==Example sentences==
(Oldwriting - Basanawa-dji - English translation)
* Nepgear is en kawaii musume, Uni is ook en kawaii musume. - ネプギアいす一ん可愛い娘、ユニいすううく一ん可愛い娘。 - Nepgear is a cute girl, Uni is also a cute girl.
* Noire weepëd an dë svadba fon Nepgear en Uni, for Uni, dë imowto fon Noire, hat wordën dë hanayome fon Nepgear, dë imowto fon Nep-nep. - ノワール泣ぱど在んだ<ruby>結婚式<rp>(</rp><rt>svadba</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>ふぉんネプギア又んユニ、為るユニ、だ妹ふぉんノワール、はと成おるだんだ花嫁ふぉんネプギア、だ妹ふぉんねぷねぷ。 - Noire weeped at the wedding ceremony of Nepgear and Uni, for Uni, the little sister of Noire, has become the bride of Nepgear, the little sister of Nep-nep.

* Bunkatekina mixing en fërbettëring is dë dentow fon dë Urban Basanawa sprekërs. - 文化的な混しんﾟ又ん変る良たりんﾟいすだ伝統ふぉんだばさなわ話者す - Cultural mixing and enhancing is the tradition of the Urban Basanawa speakers.
* en Basa is en howgen mid en guntai en kaigun. - 一ん語いす一ん方言みど一ん軍隊又ん海軍 - A language is a dialect with an Army and Navy(אַ שפּראַך איז אַ דיאַלעקט מיט אַן אַרמיי און פֿלאָט)
* ne neme af my seiraafuku - ね脫む去ふ我いセーラー服 - Don't take off my sailor suit.
* hi saa en Unkenned Fleegend Oogenseinding an dë hemmel - he saw an UFO on the sky.

UDHR Article 1 in Urban Basanawa:
: Oldwriting: All ningen sind born free en gelike in songen en rechts, sie sind geven mid risei en riyowshin, en shallen doo mid en-odder in en geest fon kinnigheid.
: Basanawadji: 全るﾟ人間すぃんど生おるん自由えん同く中ん尊厳えん権す、彼等すぃんど与えわﾟんみど理性えん良心、えんしゃらﾟん為う互るﾟ中ん精神ふぉん親族にきﾟへいど
: Pronunciation: /'al 'ningen sint born fri: en gə'laik in 'soŋgen en 'reçts si: sint 'gevən mit rise: en ri'jo:ʃin en 'ʃalən 'du: mit en'odər in en gi:st fon 'kiniçhe:t/

Lord's prayer in Urban Basanawa:

Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食与うﾟと我等す今日
: 又ん赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えわ゜と我等之負者
: 又ん無率ど我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, geve to us fondag
: en fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergevet ur beshulders
: en ne leed us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho:p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho:p dai 'kiŋdom 'ko:m/
: /'ho:p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik an hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho: p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:vət ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en ne 'li:t us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/

The following Urban Basanawa sentences are same to the corrsponding sentences in some other languages in respect of both written forms and meanings:
* It is good.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English)
* My hand is in warm watër.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English and Afrikaans)
* Dat is en hund.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Low German)
* Oneitchan daisuki(お姉ちゃん大好き) - (when written in "Basanawa-dji", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Japanese)

==Notes==
<references />

[[Category:Germanic conlangs]]
[[Category:A posteriori conlangs]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

Urban Basanawa

2015-04-06T11:31:05Z

K1234567890y: /* Verb */

{{Infobox
|name=Basanawa ''Basanawa/ばさなわ'' Saxenspraak/サクサン語
|pronounce=/basa'nawa/ / /saksənspra:k/
|tu=
|species=Human
|in=
|no=(unknown)
|script=Latin(the Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is called "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Basanawa) Kanji and Kana(the Basanawa variant of Kanji and Kana is called "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字) in Basanawa) The Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is considered as an archaic writing system among Basanawa speakers.
|tree=[[Proto-Indo-European|Indo-European]] 
 Germanic 
  West-Germanic 
   Ingvaeonic 
    [[Low German]]? 
     '''Urban Basanawa'''
|morph=Isolating/Agglutinative~Fusional
|ms=Accusative
|wo=SVO
|creator=[[User:k1234567890y]]
|date=2014
|cals=basanawa
}}

'''Urban Basanawa'''(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ), natively known as '''Saxënspraak'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン語), '''Basakota'''(derived from Rural Basanawa), '''Burgbasa''' or '''Burgspraak''', is a West-Germanic (constructed) language belonging to the Indo-European language family, it is an [[:wikipedia:en:Ingvaeonic languages|Ingvaeonic language]](or a North Sea Germanic language) and is very close to English(in terms of basic words), it is spoken on another planet called "Dë Niuland"(also called "Dë Niuwerld", Basanawa-dji: だ新世界), as the speakers were accidentally transferred by a wormhole to "Dë Niuland".

Urban Basanawa is one of the two language of the Detch people(or Deetch people), the other is [[Rural Basanawa]], more than 70% of the Detch people speak Urban Basanawa as their native tongue.

Like English, Yiddish and Wymysorys, Urban Basanawa is a west-germanic language with a large amount of loanwords.

Urban Basanawa developed from Old Saxon, but the inflection system has been greatly reduced; There are many loanwords from Slavic languages(Mainly a language closely related to Polish, perhaps a dialect of Polish), Malay and Japanese, also, due to the influence of Japanese, and being isolated from other germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't use Latin or Ancient Greek as its source of academic terms.

Despite not being an Anglo-Frisian language, many words of Urban Basanawa are pronunced the same or similar to their English cognates, like feet("feet", pronunciation /fi:t/), fish("fish", pronunciation /fiʃ/), bring("to bring", pronunciation /briŋ/), green("green", pronunciation /gri:n/); but some words are pronunced differently from their English cognates, like ook("eye", pronunciation /u:x/), eggë("edge", pronunciation /ek/), etë("to eat", pronunciation /e:t/); also, there are words which are false friends to their English cognates, for example, deer("animal", pronunciation /di:r/, cognate to English "deer"), selfish("private", pronunciation /selfiʃ/, cognate to English "selfish" but with very different meanings to its English cognates), sood("to prove", pronunciation /su:t/, cognate to English "soothe").

It is thought that [[Toka na Musume]], a language of anime-girl-like girls, is derived from Urban Basanawa, or a creolized form of Urban Basanawa.

The name "[[Basanawa]]" is shared by two languages spoken by the Detch people, one is an Ingvaeonic West Germanic language, called "Urban Basanawa"; the other is an Malayic Malay-Polynesian language, called "[[Rural Basanawa]]", what is introduced in this article, is the "Urban Basanawa" language. Despite sharing the name and used by the same ethnic group, "Urban Basanawa" and "Rural Basanawa" belong to two unrelated language families.

==Origin of words==
Urban Basanawa is a language with a large quantity of loanwords, the source of words is various, and many(if not most) of them are of non-european origin. It is said that most classical languagew of Eurasia of our word, including Classical Chinese(mainly via Japanese), Sanskrit(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Arabic(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Latin and Ancient Greek have all contributed some words to Urban Basanawa.

Despite having numerous loanwords, Urban Basanawa is certainly a west Germanic language close to [[English]], [[Low German]] and [[Frisian]], and most of its grammatical structures and functional words are of Germanic origin.

===Germanic===
Urban Basanawa is a germanic language, it evolves from Old Saxon, most germanic words in Urban Basanawa are inherited from Old Saxon(through sound changes), thus, Urban Basanawa could be seen as a dialect of Low German, but the merger between front rounded vowel into their unrounded counterparts, the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/(Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/ have become /ai/ and /au/ respectively in Urban Basanawa), the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/(the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/, and the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/ have made some Urban Basanawa words sound like their English or Standard German cognates), the preservation of the distinction between Old Saxon short /o/ and /u/, lexical differences(Besides loanwords, semantic shift of native words can also create obstacles in communication) and grammatical changes(Urban Basanawa has lost all nominal cases, and has also lost the germanic V2 order, becoming a SVO language, also, adjectival inflections in Urban Basanawa have also become unproductive and fossilized) can hinder the mutual intelligibility between Urban Basanawa and Low German dialects.

Unlike Low German dialects, the distinction between short /o/ and /u/ of Old Saxon is still maintained in Urban Basanawa.

Besides words that are inherited from Old Saxon, some germanic-origin words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed, some of them are early borrowings borrowed from other germanic dialects in Old Saxon Period, some others are borrowed later indirect through Slavic languages or Japanese, which created some doublets:

* land("land", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - lond("owned land, owned field, property", a slavic borrowing)
* ring("ring", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - rinek("market", a slavic borrowing)
* shirt("apron", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - shatzu("shirt", a japanese borrowing)

Although Urban Basanawa has borrowed kinship terms from Japanese, kinship terms of germanic origin are actually still used in daily communications, also, the pronominal system of Urban Basanawa is still germanic, not influenced by other languages.

===Austronesian===
Urban Basanawa has some from Malay-Indonesian and other Austronesian languages, many Sanskrit(including the word "Basa") and Arabic terms are also borrowed indirectly through Austronesian languages, it is thought that Austronesian languages(mainly Malay-Indonesian) were probably substratums among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

===Slavic===
Urban Basanawa has words from slavic languages, especially Polish and/or Polish-like languages(words borrowed from other slavic languages also exist), before Urban Basanawa speakers started to adopt Japanese, a Polish-like slavic language was served as the superstratum among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

Besides some lexical words, many proper nouns in Urban Basanawa are influenced by slavic languages, for example, some village names are ended with -vitze, which is considered to be from Polish -wice, also, many given names are of Slavic origin, and there are even non-slavic-origin family names ended with -ski(for example, Umeski).

The existence of slavic words may indicte that the direct ancestor of Urban Basanawa(before the speakers being accidentally transferred) was spoken in Poland(of our world) in Middle Ages.

Slavic words for animals are also used as euphemisms by hunters, fishers and butchers speaking Urban Basanawa, as they consider germanic names of animals will bring bad luck when these words are referred in hunting/fishing.

===Greek and Latin-Romance===
Ancient Greek and Latin are much less important among Urban Basanawa speakers than they are in most parts of Europe, compared to other Germanic languages(and most other languages originate from Europe of our world), Urban Basanawa has less influence from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages, most words from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages in Urban Basanawa were borrowed in the Old Saxon period or earlier, or indirectly through other languages.

===Japanese and Chinese===
It is known that Japanese culture has a profound impact on Urban Basanawa-speakers, so Japanese language(Modern Japanese) also has significant influence on Urban Basanawa, Japanese lexicon, especially Sino-japanese ones, is used as a source for academic terms in Urban Basanawa, many modern concepts in Urban Basanawa are from Japanese, Urban Basanawa speakers has even adopted Japanese kana and kanji to write Urban Basanawa.

Japanese people never ruled or colonized the Urban Basanawa speakers, but Japanese was seen as a superior language by Urban Basanawa speakers; also, as some Japanese words are very common in Urban Basanawa, it is supposed that Japanese may also served as an substratum in an earlier stage.

Most of the Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, but there are Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa that are not borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, some of them are borrowed through Malay-Indonesian but others are probably not. Below are some supposed Sinitic words that are not from Sino-Japanese words:
* lobak - radish(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lonkang - drain(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lomuwa~loma - gangster
* bulahi~blahi - whitebait

===Ainu Itak===
There are also some words originating from Ainu, below are some examples:

* tunackai /tu'nakai/ "reindeer" - from Ainu ''tunakkay''
* mossir /'mosir/ "land, region, island" - from Ainu ''mosir''
* tchisse /'tʃise/ "shelter, house" - from Ainu ''cise''
* kamui /'kamui/ "anglic god-like spirit" - from Ainu ''kamuy''
* kamuimossir "paradise, heaven, land of god" - from Ainu ''kamuymosir''

===Calquing in Urban Basanawa===
Besides direct borrowings, calquing is also common to form new words in Urban Basanawa:

* '''handsack/手袋''' /'hantsak/ "glove" - from '''hand/手''' /'hant/ "hand" + '''sack/袋''' /'sak/ "bag,sack", calquing Japanese '''てぶくろ/手袋''' "glove"
* '''weidkind/茸''' /'we:tkint/ "mushroom" - from '''weid/木''' /'we:t/ "wood" + '''kind/子''' /'kint/ "child", calquing Japanese '''キノコ/茸''' "mushroom"
* '''gardfogel/鶏''' /'gartfogəl/ "chicken"<ref>however, it is possible that '''gardfogel''' is not a calque of Japanese '''にわとり''', as the term '''gardfogel''' has been common when Urban Basanawa speakers started to systemically borrow Japanese words</ref> - from '''gard/庭/園''' /'gart/ "garden" + '''fogel/鳥''' /'fogəl/ "bird", calquing Japanese '''にわとり/鶏''' "chicken"
* '''potding/鍋物''' /'potdiŋ/ "hot pot, nabemono", calquing Japanese '''なべもの/鍋物''' "hot pot, nabemono"

==Phonology==
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Consonants
|-
! !! Labials !! Alveolars !! Postalveolars/ Palatals !! Velars/ Glottals
|-
! Nasals
| m || n || || ŋ
|-
! Plosives
| p b || t d || || k g
|-
! Affricates
| || ts dz || tʃ dʒ ||
|-
! Fricatives
| f v || s || ʃ || x~h
|-
! Sonorants
| || r l || j || w
|}
* /v/ is actually the labiodental approximant [ʋ] rather than the labiodental fricative [v] in the actual speech of many speakers.
* /dz/ is sometimes realized as [z]
* /ŋ/ is only contrastive with /n/ at the end of a word, in other places, /ŋ/ is an allophone of /n/ before velars.
* /h/ is pronunced as [x] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a non-front consonant; /h/ is pronunced as [ç] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a front consonant
* the contrast between /p/ and /b/, /t/ and /d/, and /k/ and /g/ is in fact a contrast between fortis and lenis plosives, rather than a contrast between voiceless and voiced plosives, or a contrast between aspirated and non-aspirated plosives.
* /b/, /d/, /g/, /dz/, /dʒ/, /v/ are neutralized respectively with /p/, /t/, /k/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /f/ word-finally.

===Vowels===
Like English and Yiddish, but unlike other Germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't have front rounded vowels, the vowel system of Urban Basanawa is more similar to that of Spanish or Japanese:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+vowels
|-
! !! front || central !! back
|-
! high
| i i: || || u u:
|-
! mid
| e e: || ə || o o:
|-
! low
| || a a:
|}

* In some dialects, the actual pronunciations of the short vowels /i e a o u/ are [ɪ ɛ ɐ ɔ ʊ]

===Sound Changes from Old Saxon to Urban Basanawa===
Although Urban Basanawa has numerous borrowings, and most of them are from non-european languages, most common words and most words used in everyday speech are inherent from Old Saxon, which clearly shows that Urban Basanawa is a West-Germanic language, and as Urban Basanawa has evolved for a long time from Old Saxon, there are certainly some sound changes.

Rules listed below might not be correct, and may not be the complete list. Some of the sound changes coincide with those happened in other Low German dialects, others are peculiar to Urban Basanawa.

Most sound changes of Stage I occured when people who spoke the ancestor languages of Urban Basanawa(persumbly Old Saxon and Middle Low German dialects) were still live in our world, and most sound changes of Stage II occured after they arrived "De Niuland".

Stage I

* i:a > e:
* io > e:
* iu > y:(?) or ie(?) > i:

* ao,aw,auw > ɔ:
* a:o > a:w
* a:i > a:i
* iuw > iu
* euw > eu
* ei,e:i > i:
* e:o,e:w > e:
* V[-stressed](especially when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)(however, this rule is controversial)
* wu > wo
* a > o / _ld (before final consonant devoicing)

* Open syllable lengthening:
** a > ɑ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** o,u,au > ɔ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** e,i > ɛ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** ø,y > œ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables

* V[-stressed] > ə
* V:[-stressed] > V

* θ,(ð) > d (before final consonant devoicing)

* C > C[-voice] / _#(final consonant devoicing)

* Unronding of front rounded vowels(this sound change probably occured much later, but it certainly occurred before the earliest writing record):
** y: > i:
** ø: > e:
** y > i
** ø > e
** œ: > ɛ:
** e: > ei / !_[t,d,θ,ð,r,x~h](uncertain)
** o: > ou / !_[t,d,θ,ð,r,x~h](uncertain)

Stage II

* V: > V / _C(ə)R(R is an resonant /m n l r/, especially before /dər/)(this happens before the diphthongization of vowels and the raising of long vowels; moreover, in certain words, the process was undone due to morphological levelling)

* C: > C

* diphthongization of vowels:
** i:,a:i > ai
** u:,a:w > au
** o:i > oi
** eu,iu > iu

* raising of long vowels:
** ɑ:,a: > a:
** e: (>ei) > i:
** o: (>ou) > u:
** ɛ(:) > e(:)
** ɔ(:) > o(:)

* z > s / #_

* h > Ø / V_V(this sound change probably occured much earlier)

* ə > Ø / _#

there are some irregularities among words, the emergence of these irregularities were probably due to dialect mixing and dialect levelling at some earlier stages of Urban Basanawa:


* Old Saxon ''sumar'' > Urban Basanawa ''summer/夏'' /sumər/ "summer" (the expected form would be *''sommer'' /somər/, it is possible that it changed to summer by analogy of the semantically related word ''sun'' "sun", possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''thiudisk'' > Urban Basanawa ''detch'' /detʃ/ and ''deetch'' /di:tʃ/ (the expected form would be *''daitch'' /daitʃ/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or it was remodelled after the related Old Saxon word thīod or its descendants before the formation of Urban Basanawa)
* Old Saxon ''duru'' > Urban Basanawa ''door/扉'' /du:r/ "door" (the expected form ''dore/扉'' /do:r/ also exists, which created a pair of doublets /do:r/ and /du:r/, it is possible that the emergence of doublet in this word and some other words was due to dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''wika'' > Urban Basanawa ''week/週'' /wi:k/ "week" (the expected form would be *''weik'' /we:k/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing. or modelled after the Old Saxon word wēk "weak")
* Old Saxon *''butera''(speculated form, deduced from Proto (west) Germanic *''buterô'') > Urban Basanawa ''butter/ブッタル'' /butər/ "butter" (the expected form would be *''botter'', possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or actually evolved through the sound change "V[-stressed](especiall when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_C(R is an resonant /m n l r/)" regularly)
* Old Saxon ''hert'' > Urban Basanawa ''hart/心'' /hart/ "heart" (the expected form would be *''hert'' /hert/)

possible irregular words:

* Old Saxon ''frī'' > Urban Basanawa ''free/自由い'' /fri:/ "free" (the expected word would be *''frai'' */frai/ or *''frei'' */fre:/, but it is possible that it was actually a regular sound change modelled after certain forms of adjectives, or modelled after ''dree'', ''free''(the verb evolved regularly from Old Saxon ''frīohon'') or was an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
*words that are subject of the rule "i,u[-stressed] > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)":
** Old Saxon ''bilith'' > Urban Basanawa ''bild/図/像'' /bilt/ "picture, image" (the expected word would be *''beld'' */belt/, it is possible that the form *''bilthi'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''miluk'' > Urban Basanawa ''milk/乳/ミルク'' /milk/ "milk" (the expected word would be *''melk'' */melk/, it is possible that the form *''milk'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''kirikǭ'' > Urban Basanawa ''kirk/教会'' /kirk/ "church" (the expected word would be *''kerk'' /kerk/, it is possible that the form *kirkǭ also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''siluvar'' > Urban Basanawa ''silver/銀'' /silvər/ "silver" (the expected word would be *''selver'' /selvər/, it is possible that the form *''silvar'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)

==Writing systems==
There are several ways to write Urban Basanawa. two of them are introduced below:

===Roman Script/Oldwriting===
The Roman Script for Urban Basanawa, also called the "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Urban Basanawa, is a way to write Urban Basanawa. Roman Script never became widespread among the Detch people, and it has become obsolete, but for the sake of the readers, most Urban Basanawa contents in this article will be written using Roman Scripts.

*A - /a/
*AA - /a:/
*A$Ë - /a:/
*AI - /ai/
*AU - /au/
*B - /b/
*BB - /b/
*CH - /x/
*CK - /k/
*D - /d/
*DD - /d/
*DJ - /dʒ/
*DZ - /dz~z/
*E - /e/
*Ë - /ə/, if it ends a word and is not followed by any consonant, it is silent
*EE - /i:/
*EI - /e:/
*E$Ë - /e:/
*F - /f/
*G - /g/
*GG - /g/
*H - /h/
*I - /i/
*IE - /i:/
*I$Ë - /ai/
*K - /k/
*L - /l/
*M - /m/
*N - /n/
*O - /o/
*OO - /u:/
*OU - /o:/
*OW - /o:/
*O$Ë - /o:/
*P - /p/
*PP - /p/
*R - /r/
*S - /s/
*SS - /s/
*SH - /ʃ/
*T - /t/
*TT - /t/
*TZ - /ts/
*TCH - /tʃ/
*U - /u/
*U$Ë - /au/
*UË - /u:/
*UU - /u:/
*V - /v/
*W - /w/
*WR - /vr/
*Y - /j/(as a consonant),/ai/(as a vowel)

Note:
# $ represents any single consonant
# A, E, O are lengthened to /a:/,/e:/,/o:/ in open syllables
# Ë is not used in actual manuscripts of Urban Basanawa.

===Kanji and Kana===
Urban Basanawa is highly influenced by the Japanese language, and the Detch people have even adopted Japanese Kanji and Kana to write Urban Basanawa, Kanji and Kana for Urban Basanawa has become the most widespread way to write Urban Basanawa among the Detch people.

The Kanji and Kana system used to write Urban Basanawa is called the "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字), the Kanji part is called 漢字(Oldwriting: Kandji) in Urban Basanawa, the Kana part is called 仮名(Oldwriting: Kana) in Urban Basanawa.

====Reading of Kandjis in Urban Basanawa====
Like Japanese Kanji, there are several ways to read Basanawa kandji of Basanawa-dji: 音読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: On-lesing), 訓読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Kun-lesing), 混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Mixed-lesing) and 熟字訓(Oldwriting: Djukudjikun), they are similar to the Japanese On'yomi, Kun'yomi, Mixed readings and Special readings.

=====音読えせぃんﾟ(On-lesing)=====
The '''On-lesing''', the Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a Sino-Japanese word, all On-lesings are borrowed from Japanese On'yomi.

The On-lesing of many words in Urban basanawa are pronunced almost the same as the On'yomi of their Japanese counterparts.

More formal or academic terms are more likely to use On-lesing; while more informal or daily terms are more likely to use Kun-lesing, but there are exceptions.

Example of On-lesings(kandji - On-lesing pronunciation - meaning):

* 音楽 - /ongaku/ - "music"
* 科学 - /kagaku/ - "science"
* 生物学 - /se:butsugaku/ - "biology"
* 地質学 - /tʃiʃitsugaku/ - "geology"
* 予算 - /josan/ - "budget"
* 細胞 - /saibo:/ - "cell(biology)"
* 証明書 - /ʃo:me:ʃo:/ - "certificate"
* 学校 - /gakko:/ - "school"
* 廃墟 - /haikijo/ - "ruin"
* 報酬 - /ho:ʃu:/ - "reward"
* 責任 - /sekinin/ - "responsibility"
* 気体 - /kitai/ - "gas"
* 工場 - /ko:dʒo:/ - "factory"
* 魔法 - /maho:/ - "magic"
* 少女 - /ʃo:dʒo/ - "girl"
* 経済 - /ke:dzai/ - "economy"
* 博士 - /hakuʃi/ - "doctor(one with a doctorate degree)"
* 割引 - /waribiki/ - "discount"
* 国家 - /kokka/ - "country"

however, not every pronunciation from Japanese is seen as a On-lesing, a pronunciation that is from the Yamatokotoba of Japanese is seen as a Kunn-lesing in Urban Basanawa.

=====訓読えせぃんﾟ(Kun-lesing)=====
The '''Kun-lesing''', the non-Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a non-Sino-Japanese word, or '''Landsword'''(Basanawa-dji: 国詞), that closely approximated the meaning of the Chinese character when it was introduced. As with On-lesing, there can be multiple Kun-lesing for the same kandji, and some kandji have no Kun-lesing at all.

Most of the Kun-lesings are of Germanic origin and are inherited from Old Saxon rather than borrowed, and many of them are basic words used in everyday speeech, which reflects the fact that Urban Basanawa is actually a west-Germanic language despite not using writing systems common to other Germanic languages, those Germanic-origin words inherited from Old Saxon are sometimes called '''Saxënword'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン詞). All Saxënwords are Landswords, but not all Landswords are Saxënwords, as Landswords contain words of Austronesian origin, words of Slavic origin, and words of other origins.

Example of Kun-lesings(kandji - Kun-lesing pronunciation - meaning):
* 西 - /'west/ - "west"
* 北 - /'nort/ - "north"
* 屋 - /'haus/ - "house"
* 橋 - /'brik/ - "bridge"
* 馬 - /'ros/ - "horse"
* 山 - /'berx/ - "mountain"
* 朝 - /'morgən/ - "morning"
* 夜 - /'naxt/ - "night"
* 日 - /'sun/ - "sun"
* 日 - /'dax/ - "day"
* 病 - /'ba:n/ - "disease"
* 鬼 - /'gi:st/ - "ghost"
* 魚 - /'fiʃ/ - "fish(general term)"
* 魚 - /'riba/ - "fish(euphemism used by fishers and anglers)"
* 畑 - /'felt/ - "field"
* 田 - /'sa:wa/ - "paddy field"
* 鶏 - /'manuk/ - "chicken"
* 綿 - /'kapuk/ - "cotton"
* 帝 - /'radʒa/ - "emperor, raja"
* 薬 - /'lek/ - "medicine(substance for curing), drug"
* 壺 - /'dzbanek/ - "jug"
* 蛸 - /'tako/ - "octopus"
* 猫 - /'neko/ - "cat"
* ときめき - /tokimeki/ - "crush(feeling of love)"
* 萌え - /'moe/ - "crush(feeling of love, especially to a cutie), cute(especially for a lovely girl)"
* 食えいと - /'e:t/ - "to eat"
* 見えい - /'se:/ - "to see"
* 見いんど - /'fint/ - "to find"
* 作く - /'ma:k/ - "to make"
* 送ど - /'sent/ - "to send"
* 費ど - /'spent/ - "to spend"
* 老ど - /'olt/ - "old"
* 他る - /'odər/ - "other"
* 大と - /'gru:t/ - "great, large, big"
* 生う - /'ro:/ - "raw"
* 大い - /'vilki/ - "large"
* 海星 - /'si:ster/ - "starfish"

=====混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Mixëd-lesing)=====
There are kandji compounds that use a mixture of On-lesing and Kun-lesing, they are known as '''Mixëd-lesing'''.

=====義訓(Gikun)/熟字訓(Djukudjikun)=====
'''Gikun''' and '''Djukudjikun''' are readings of kandji combinations that have no direct correspondence to the characters' individual On-lesing or Kun-lesing, but rather are connected with their meaning.

Example of Gikun/Djukudjikun(kandji - Gikun/Djukudjikun pronunciation - meaning):
* 兵器 - /'wa:pən/ - "weapon"
* 飛行 - /'fle:x/ - "flight"
* 結婚式 - /'svadba/ - "wedding ceremony"
* 精神 - /'gi:st/ - "spirit"
* 聖書 - /al'kitap/ - "The Bible"
* 玻璃 - /'glas/ - "glass"
* 教会 - /'kirk/ - "church"
* 子牛 - /'kalf/ - "calf(of a cow)"
* 地獄 - /'hel/ - "hell"
Due to the fact that Germanic languages have phonological and semantic structures different from that of Chinese languages or Japanese, and that there are considerable amounts loanwords of Slavic and Austronesian origin in Urban Basanawa, it is believed that the proportion of Gikun and Djukudjikun in Urban Basanawa is higher than that in Japanese.

==Grammar==
Being a germanic language, it shares many common structures with English, but there are also differences.

===Word Order===
The word order of Urban Basanawa is very similar to English:
*Basic word order: Subject-Verb-Object(SVO)
*Adpositions are prepositions
*Demonstratives and Numerals precede the noun they modify, relative clauses follow the noun they modify, adjectives can precede or follow the noun they modify(prenominal adjectives are more common)
Urban Basanawa does not have V2 order at all, and word order inversion is not used for interrogatives, and Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial yes-no question particle.

===Interrogatives===
In Urban Basanawa, word order inversion is not used for interrogatives:
* Du saast wat? - what did you see?
* Hau du feelst? - how do you feel?

Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial particle for yes-no questions "is-it dat":
* is-it dat it is de haus fon dy tomodatchi? - is it the house of your friend?

"is-it dat" is frequently contracted to "ista".

It is also possible to ask yes-no questions simply by using a raising intonation on a sentence(In Urban Basanawa, like English, declarative sentences usually have a falling intonation):

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

which is equivalent to the following sentence:

* is-it dat Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

Tag question is formed by adding the negation word "ne" to the end of the sentence:

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep, ne? - Noire has fallen in love with Nep-nep, hasn't she?

===Relative clauses===
Relative clauses start with the invariant relativizers dë and dat:
* dë haus, dë is by dë strand, was bocht faif yaars beforë - the house, which is by the beach, was bought five years ago.
* dë musume, dë [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Nepgear|Nepgear]] luëvët, is dë imowto fon Noire - the girl, whom Nepgear loves, is the younger sister of Noire.

dat can also be used to form nominal clauses:
* it is good, dat all kindër kan gaa to gackows. - it is good that all children can go to schools.
* [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] ne kent dat [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Noire|Noire]], dë Megami fon [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Lastation|Lastation]], hat fallën in koi mid iem. - Nep-nep doesn't know that Noire, the Goddess of Lastation, has fallen in love with her.

Unlike most European languages, interrogative words(the so-called relative pronouns) are not used for relative clauses except for relative clauses without antecedents.

===Negation===
negation is formed by using the negation word ''ne'', the word ne precedes the word it negates:

* Leanbox ne hat Megami Kouhosei - Leanbox doesn't have CPU candidates.
* In dë miestze, dë hat fishbeens swimmënd, Uni sheedë mid Nepgear, for Uni dacht, dat Nepgear ne heelëd Noire, dë oneisan fon Uni. - in the place where there are swimming fishbones, Uni broke up with Nepgear, for Uni thought that Nepgear didn't save Noire, Uni's big sister.

ne usually follows an aux verb:

* Nepgear konst ne fërstand, wai Uni weld ne feech ien. - Nepgear couldn't understand why Uni didn't want to join her.

It is supposed that the Urban Basanawa ''ne'' is not directly from Proto-Germanic ''ne'', but rather a contraction of earlier negations.

===Possession===
Possession can be formed by using prepositions, the most common preposition for possession is "fon", if a preposition is used for possession, the possessor follows the possessed:

* dë haus fon dë megami - the goddess's house
* dë wagën fon dy fadër - the car of your father

also, a structure similar to the "His-genitive" in English is also used, where the 3rd singular possessive pronoun "is" is used, if the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is used for possession, the possessor precedes the possessed, the possessive pronoun frequently pronunced as "s" and written as "së" in Oldwriting:

* dë megami së haus/だ女神彼す屋 - /də 'megami s 'haus/ - the goddess's house
* dy faddër së wagën/だ父彼す車 - /dai fadər s 'wagən/ - the car of your father

The "is" in this usage does not influenced by the number of possessor or possessed:

* dë werker së gëreed - /də werkər sə gəri:t/ - the tool of the worker
* dë werker së gëreeds - /də werkər sə gəri:ts/ - the tools of the worker
* dë werkers së gëreed - /də werkərs sə gəri:t/ - the tool of the workers
* dë werkers së gëreeds - /də werkərs sə gəri:ts/ - the tools of the workers

the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is standard in Urban Basanawa.

there was an genitive case suffix -s, but the genitive -s suffix has fallen out of use and has become a derivative affix used for some compounds.

===Noun===
Nouns has lost the distinction between genders and cases, but it still has the distinction between singular and plural forms.

there are different types of nouns: s-nouns, n-nouns, r-nouns, umlaut-nouns.

the plural form of a s-noun is formed by adding the -s/-ës(the -s form is used when the noun is ended with vowels, liquids or /n/, otherwise the -ës is used) suffix to the end of the noun, it seems that most nouns belong to this class:

*man("man") - mans(the plural form of man can also be men or mennër)
*fingër("finger") - fingërs
*boom("tree") - boomës
*fish("fish") - fishës
*ring("ring") - ringës
*dag("day") - dagës
*maud("mouth") - maudës

the plural form of a n-noun is formed by adding the -n/-ën suffix to the end of the noun:

*oog("eye") - oogën
*erd("earth") - erdën

the plural form of a r-noun is formed by adding the -r/-ër suffix to the end of the noun, and the stem vowel may undergo umlaut:

*lamb("lamb") - lembër
*kalf("calf") - kelvër
*kind("child") - kindër

the plural form of a umlaut-noun is formed by changing the stem vowel:

*foot("foot") - feet
*book("book") - beek
*kau("cow") - kai
*maus("mouse") - mais
*gast("guest") - gest
*burg("city") - birg

Plural forms are not obliged in Urban Basanawa, and in colloquial speech it is common to use singular forms in place of plural forms.

===Verb===
Verbs conjugate according to tense-aspect-moods.

Verbs have infinitive, present, past, present participle, past participle forms, in earlier forms of Urban Basanawa, the infinitive form of a verb ends with -ën, but the -ën ending has been dropped, and they are identical to the present form in almost every case(some verbs still maintain different infinitive forms), the infinitive form ending in -ën is largely considered as an archaic form.

as most germanic languages, Urban Basanawa verbs can be devided into two classes: strong verb and weak verb.

the past tense of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel if it is a strong verb.

Examples of weak verbs:
* make /ma:k/ "to make" - maked /ma:kət/ "(I/he/she/it) made"
* weep /wi:p/ "to weep" - weeped /wi:pət/ "(I/he/she/it) wept"
* leed /li:t/ "to lead" - leeded /li:dət/ "(I/he/she/it) led"
* meet /mi:t/ "to meet" - meeted /mi:tət/ "(I/he/she/it) met"

in some dialects, the past tense forms of weak verbs ending with /t/ and /d/ are same to their present forms, or are formed by shortening the stem vowel:

* leed /li:t/ "to lead" - leed /li:t/ "led" or ledd /let/ "(I/he/she/it) led"
* meet /mi:t/ "to meet" - meet /mi:t/ "met" or mett /met/ "(I/he/she/it) met"

the present participle of a verb, no matter it is a strong or weak verb, is formed by adding -ënd to the end of the infinitive form.

the past participle of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel and then adding -ën to the end if it is a strong verb, in more archaic or some dialectical usages, the prefix gë- is used for past participle forms also.

some examples are shown below:

Strong verb:
* Nep-nep etët gohan - [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] eats a meal
* Nep-nep is etënd gohan/Nep-nep is an (dë) etë gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep doot etënd gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep atë gohan - Nep-nep ate a meal
* Nep-nep hat etën gohan - Nep-nep has eaten a meal

Weak verb:
* hi makët rings - he/she makes ring.
* hi is makënd rings/hi is an (dë) makë rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi doot makënd rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi makëd rings - he/she made rings.
* hi hat makëd rings - he/she has made rings.

Like English, infinitives of Urban Basanawa can be preceded by the particle "to", but the to-infinitive is not frequently used in some dialects of Urban Basanawa.

In Urban Basanawa, the verbal noun of a verb is formed by using the -ing suffix, also, in many strong verbs, the verbal noun can be formed by simply applying the ablaut of the stem:

* (to) makë("to make") - mak'''ing'''("act of making")
* (to) s'''i'''ng ("to sing") - s'''a'''ng/sing'''ing'''("act of singing")
* (to) f'''i'''nd ("to find") - f'''a'''nd/find'''ing'''("act of finding")

however, ablaut forms are largely fossilized in Urban Basanawa, and the -ing forms are more common even for strong verbs.

the usage of verbal nouns in Urban Basanawa is similar to that of English:

* warding folks is en megami is shigoto. - protecting people is the job of a goddess.
* drinking alë smertët eener is rau - drinking beers harms one's body.

-ing forms cannot be used for present particles, and present particles cannot be used for gerunds, so the sentences below are incorrect:
* *hi is making rings(the correct form is "hi is makënd rings" or "hi is an (dë) makë rings")
* *drinkënd alë smertët eener is rau(the correct form is "drinking alë smert eener is rau")

====Agreements====
present:
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -st*/-est
*3rd person singular: -t*/-et(same as 1st person singular in modal verbs )
*plural: -t*/-et(-en in modal verbs)

preterite(past tense, agreement suffixes added after the past tense suffix -ëd in weak verbs):
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -est
*3rd person singular: -
*plural: -en

Note: forms with * are used for verbs ending in vowels.

the verb "wese"("to be") and "have"("to have") have irregular forms:

"wese"("to be"):
present:
*1st person singular: bin
*2nd person singular: bist
*3rd person singular: is
*plural: sind

preterite:
*1st person singular: was
*2nd person singular: weer
*3rd person singular: was
*plural: warn

"have"("to have"):
present:
*1st person singular: have
*2nd person singular: hast
*3rd person singular: hat~haft
*plural: have

preterite:
*1st person singular: had
*2nd person singular: haddest
*3rd person singular: had
*plural: hadden

====Copula====
* infinitive: wesë
* present: is
* past: was
* past particle: wesën
In Colloquial usage, copulae can be omitted, especially the present copula "is":
* dat man en ribanik - that man is a fisher.
* dat ovët sweet - the fruit is sweet.

====Strong verbs====
Like other germanic languages, there are strong verbs in Urban Basanawa, and they follow certain patterns to produce different forms, although there are anomalies in strong verbs, making the patterns less regular.

Besides these patterns of stem vowel changes, the past participle forms of strong verbs require an -ën/-あ*ん(あ* is an A-dan kana where the consonant corresponds the ending consonant of the infinitive/present form of the verb it attaches to) ending.

The stem vowel of different classes of strong verbs are listed below(arranged in the form of "Present Tense - Past Tense - Past Participle"):

In Oldwriting：
* Class I: i$ë - ie$ - i$($)*
* Class II: au/ee - oo - o
* Class III:
** i - a - u
** e - a - o
* Class IV: e - a - o
* Class V: e/i - a - e
* Class VI: a - oo - a
* Class VII*:
** a/o - e/(ee/ie) - a/o
** aa/oo - ee - a/o

In Basanawa-dji:
* Class I: あい - いい - い
* Class II: あう/いい - うう - お
* Class III:
** い - あ - う
** え - あ - お
* Class IV: えい - ああ - お
* Class V:
** えい - ああ - え
** い - あ - え
* Class VI: あ/ああ - うう - あ
* Class VII*:
** あ/お - え/(いい) - あ/お
** ああ/おう - いい - あ/お

Note:
# In General, in Class VII strong verbs, if the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short; if the stem vowel of the present tense form is long, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also long; however, in the past tense forms of some Class VII strong verbs, while the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short, although in these verbs, there are usually more regular alternatives.
# The $ in the Class I strong verb pattern is a single consonant letter in Oldwriting.

===Adjective===
Like English, adjectives in the standard form don't agree with nouns they modify in Urban Basanawa, however, in archaic usages, attributive adjectives are ended with -ë:

* en goodë dag - 一ん良だ日 - a good day
* goodë dagës - 良だ日す - good days
* dë goodë dag - だ良だ日 - the good day
* dë goodë dagës - だ良だ日す - the good days

predicative adjectives, however, don't take the -ë ending:

* fondag is good - 今日いす良で - today is good

Adjectives of Germanic origin have comparative and superlative forms:
*comparative: -ër
*superlative: -ëst

for example:

* fondag is heet - 今日いす暑と - today is hot
* fondag is heetër dan gestërn - 今日いす暑たるだん昨日 - today is hotter than yesterday
* fondag is dë heetëst dag in dis yaar - 今日いすだ暑たすと日中ん此年 - today is the hottest day in this year

These forms are sometimes used on adjectives of non-Germanic origins, but its use is largely restricted to Germanic adjectives.

Due to the large amount of Japanese words in Urban Basanawa, there are also na-adjectives in Urban Basanawa. In Urban Basanawa, all na-adjectives are ended with -na(-な) or -no(-の), the -na(-な) and -no(-の) are dropped when these adjectives are used predicatively:

* en okubiyow-na kuroneko - 一ん臆病な黒猫 - a timid black-cat.
* dë kuroneko is okubiyow - だ黒猫いす臆病 - the black-cat is timid.

the -no(-の) ending can also be used for possessive adjectives.

==Words==
===Pronouns===

====personal pronouns====
Pronouns have cases, but the usage of subject pronouns is declining, and many dialects don't use subject pronouns at all.

1st person singular:
*subject: ik(吾)
*object: mi(我)
*genitive: my/minë(我い/我ん)

2nd person singular:
*subject: du(汝)
*object: di(爾)
*genitive: dy/dinë(爾い/爾ん)

3rd person singular:
*subject it(彼と)(inanimate)/hi(彼)(animate)
*object: it(彼と)(inanimate)/ien(彼ん)(animate)
*genitive: is(彼す)

1st person plural:
*subject: wi(我等)
*object: us(我等す)
*genitive: aus/ur~aur(我等す/我等る)
*subject/object(in some dialects): mi allër(generic or exclusive)/yumi(inclusive, from yu+mi)

2nd person plural:
*subject: yi(汝等)
*object: yu(爾等)
*genitive: yur(爾等る)

3rd person plural:
*subject/object: allër/sie(彼等)
*genitive: ier(彼等る)

reflexive: self(己)(also used with the genitive form of other pronouns)

for some personal pronouns, there were emphatic forms:

1st person singular:
*object: my

2nd person singular:
*subject: dau
*object: dy

1st person plural:
*object: aus

====demonstratives====

*this: dis/dit(此)
*that: dat(彼)
*these: dese(此す)
*those: die(彼い)
*here: hier(ひいる/此る)
*there: daar(だある/彼る)
*the(definite article): dë(だ)

====interrogative pronouns====

*who: wee(誰い)
*what: wat(何と)
*when: wan(何ん)
*where: wor(をる/何る)/war(わる/何る)
*how: hau(はう/何う)
*why: wai/warum(わい/何い)
*which: wilk(ゐるﾟく/何く)
Interrogatives are not used to start relative clauses when there are antecedents.

===Numerals===
# 1: een/en(一)
# 2: twee(二)
# 3: dree(三)
# 4: fier(四)
# 5: faif/fimf(五)
# 6: sex(六)
# 7: sevën(七)
# 8: acht(八)
# 9: negën(九)
# 10: ten(十)
# 11: elvën~elf(十一)
# 12: twelf(十二)
# 13: dreetin(十三)
# 14: fiertin(十四)
# 15: fiftin(十五)
# 16: sextin(十六)
# 17: sevëntin(十七)
# 18: achtin(十八)
# 19: negëntin(十九)
# 20: twentig(二十)
* 30: dreetig(三十)
* 40: fiertig(四十)
* 50: fiftig(五十)
* 60: sextig(六十)
* 70: sevëntig(七十)
* 80: achtig(八十)
* 90: negëntig(九十)
* hundred: hundërd(百)
* thousand: dausënd(千)

* ordinal number marker: -t/-ët(番)

For ordinal numbers, first and second have special forms:
* first: erst(一番)
* second: odër(二番/他る)(also means "other", the regular form "twee-t" is also used)

===Conjunctions===
*when/if: wen(ゑん)
*if: ef(えふ)
*before: bëforë(ば前る/前る)
*after: aftër(後た)
*and: end/en(えん/又ん)
*or: ed/eddë(えだ)
*but: ack(あく)
*then/than: dan(だん)

===Content Words===
====Names of Months====
Urban Basanawa has two set set of names of months, one is Slavic-origin, the other is Japanese-origin, the set of the latin-derived calendar month names used in many western europe languages(like English) is not used in Urban Basanawa:

Japanese-origin:
# January: Mutzuki(睦月)
# February: Kisaragi(如月)
# March: Yayoi(弥生)
# April: Udzuki(卯月)
# May: Satzuki(皐月)/Sanaetzuki(早苗月)
# June: Minadzuki(水無月)
# July: Fumidzuki(文月)
# August: Hadzuki(葉月)
# September: Nagatzuki(長月)
# October: Kannadzuki(神無月)
# November: Shimotzuki(霜月)
# December: Shiwasu(師走)

Slavic-origin:
# January: Stitchen
# February: Luti
# March: Madjetz
# April: kvitchen
# May: Mai
# June: Tchervitz
# July: Lipitz
# August: Sherpin
# September: Vdjeshen
# October: Pazdjernik
# November: Listopat
# December: Grudjen

====Days of a week====
#Monday: maandag(月日)/getzuyowbi(月曜日)
#Tuesday: firedag(火日)/kayowbi(火曜日)
#Wednsday: waterdag(水日)/suiyowbi(水曜日)
#Thursday: wieddag(木日)/mokuyowbi(木曜日)
#Friday: golddag(金日)/kinyowbi(金曜日)
#Saturday: sobota/erddag(土日)/doyowbi(土曜日)*
#Sunday: sundag(日日)/nitchiyowbi(日曜日)
The word "sobota" is the most common term for saturday in Urban Basanawa

====Kinship terms====

*Father: fadër(父)
*Mother: modër(母)

The terms for sibling is rather complex in Urban Basanawa, comparable to that of Hungarian:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:200px; height:200px;"
|+ Siblings terms in Urban Basanawa
|-
!
! older
! younger
! unspecified
|-
! male
| ani(兄) || otowto(弟) || brodër(兄弟)
|-
! female
| ane(姉) || imowto(妹) || swestër(姉妹)
|-
! unspecified
| kakak(兄姉) || adik(弟妹) || gësibb(兄弟姉妹) brodër-swestër(兄弟姉妹) kakak-adik(兄弟姉妹)
|}

that means all the sentences below can be used to mean "Nepgear is the little sister of Nep-nep":
* Nepgear is dë swestër fon Nep-nep(specify the gender, but not the relative age)
* Nepgear is dë adik fon Nep-nep(specify the relative age, but not the gender)
* Nepgear is dë imowto fon Nep-nep(specify both the gender and the relative age)

Kinship terms are ususally borrowing-resistant items of the lexicon of a language, however, it is obvious that there are many Austronesian- and Japanese-derived kinship terms in Urban Basanawa, which may indicate the effect of substrate languages, and Japanese, which is usually seen as a superstratum of Urban Basanawa, may have also played a role as a substratum in the formation of Urban Basanawa.

==Similarities to English and other west-germanic languages==
While talking about things of the everyday life, Urban Basanawa does not differ much from other west germanic languages, except for the writing system:

* dë man is in dë Haus /də man is in də haus/ - だ男いす中んだ屋 - The man is in the house
* du hast twee kau /du hast twi: kau/ - 汝持すと二牛 - you have two cows
* dat is ne dy ball, it is my ball /dat is ne dai bal it is mai bal/ - 彼いす非爾い球、彼といす我い球 - that is not your ball, it is my ball.

Some sentences are even identical or near-identical to their counterparts in other west germanic languages:
* It is good. - /it is gu:t/ - 彼といす良ど - It is good.(similar to its counterpart in English when written in Oldwriting)
* My hand is in warm watër. - /mai hant is in warm watər/ - 我い手いす中ん温む水 - My hand is in warm water.(similar to its counterpart in English and Afrikaans when written in Oldwriting)
* Dat is en hund. - /it is en hunt/ - 彼いす一ん犬 - that is a dog(similar to its counterpart in Low German when written in Oldwriting)

But when it comes to more academic ideas, Urban Basanawa sometimes can be almost completely alien to speakers of other germanic languages:

* Bibunsekibungaku is dë kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku, it doo kenkiyuu bibunhow en sekibunhow /bibunsekibungaku is də kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku it du: kenkju: bibunho: en sekibunho:/ - 微分積分学いすだ基本的な部分ふぉん解析学、彼とどぅう研究微分法又ん積分法 - Calculus is the fundamental part of mathematical analysis, it researches differentiation and integration.

==Example sentences==
(Oldwriting - Basanawa-dji - English translation)
* Nepgear is en kawaii musume, Uni is ook en kawaii musume. - ネプギアいす一ん可愛い娘、ユニいすううく一ん可愛い娘。 - Nepgear is a cute girl, Uni is also a cute girl.
* Noire weepëd an dë svadba fon Nepgear en Uni, for Uni, dë imowto fon Noire, hat wordën dë hanayome fon Nepgear, dë imowto fon Nep-nep. - ノワール泣ぱど在んだ<ruby>結婚式<rp>(</rp><rt>svadba</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>ふぉんネプギア又んユニ、為るユニ、だ妹ふぉんノワール、はと成おるだんだ花嫁ふぉんネプギア、だ妹ふぉんねぷねぷ。 - Noire weeped at the wedding ceremony of Nepgear and Uni, for Uni, the little sister of Noire, has become the bride of Nepgear, the little sister of Nep-nep.

* Bunkatekina mixing en fërbettëring is dë dentow fon dë Urban Basanawa sprekërs. - 文化的な混しんﾟ又ん変る良たりんﾟいすだ伝統ふぉんだばさなわ話者す - Cultural mixing and enhancing is the tradition of the Urban Basanawa speakers.
* en Basa is en howgen mid en guntai en kaigun. - 一ん語いす一ん方言みど一ん軍隊又ん海軍 - A language is a dialect with an Army and Navy(אַ שפּראַך איז אַ דיאַלעקט מיט אַן אַרמיי און פֿלאָט)
* ne neme af my seiraafuku - ね脫む去ふ我いセーラー服 - Don't take off my sailor suit.
* hi saa en Unkenned Fleegend Oogenseinding an dë hemmel - he saw an UFO on the sky.

UDHR Article 1 in Urban Basanawa:
: Oldwriting: All ningen sind born free en gelike in songen en rechts, sie sind geven mid risei en riyowshin, en shallen doo mid en-odder in en geest fon kinnigheid.
: Basanawadji: 全るﾟ人間すぃんど生おるん自由えん同く中ん尊厳えん権す、彼等すぃんど与えわﾟんみど理性えん良心、えんしゃらﾟん為う互るﾟ中ん精神ふぉん親族にきﾟへいど
: Pronunciation: /'al 'ningen sint born fri: en gə'laik in 'soŋgen en 'reçts si: sint 'gevən mit rise: en ri'jo:ʃin en 'ʃalən 'du: mit en'odər in en gi:st fon 'kiniçhe:t/

Lord's prayer in Urban Basanawa:

Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食与うﾟと我等す今日
: 又ん赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えわ゜と我等之負者
: 又ん無率ど我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, geve to us fondag
: en fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergevet ur beshulders
: en ne leed us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho:p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho:p dai 'kiŋdom 'ko:m/
: /'ho:p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik an hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho: p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:vət ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en ne 'li:t us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/

The following Urban Basanawa sentences are same to the corrsponding sentences in some other languages in respect of both written forms and meanings:
* It is good.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English)
* My hand is in warm watër.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English and Afrikaans)
* Dat is en hund.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Low German)
* Oneitchan daisuki(お姉ちゃん大好き) - (when written in "Basanawa-dji", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Japanese)

==Notes==
<references />

[[Category:Germanic conlangs]]
[[Category:A posteriori conlangs]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

Urban Basanawa

2015-04-06T11:29:19Z

K1234567890y: /* Verb */

{{Infobox
|name=Basanawa ''Basanawa/ばさなわ'' Saxenspraak/サクサン語
|pronounce=/basa'nawa/ / /saksənspra:k/
|tu=
|species=Human
|in=
|no=(unknown)
|script=Latin(the Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is called "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Basanawa) Kanji and Kana(the Basanawa variant of Kanji and Kana is called "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字) in Basanawa) The Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is considered as an archaic writing system among Basanawa speakers.
|tree=[[Proto-Indo-European|Indo-European]] 
 Germanic 
  West-Germanic 
   Ingvaeonic 
    [[Low German]]? 
     '''Urban Basanawa'''
|morph=Isolating/Agglutinative~Fusional
|ms=Accusative
|wo=SVO
|creator=[[User:k1234567890y]]
|date=2014
|cals=basanawa
}}

'''Urban Basanawa'''(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ), natively known as '''Saxënspraak'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン語), '''Basakota'''(derived from Rural Basanawa), '''Burgbasa''' or '''Burgspraak''', is a West-Germanic (constructed) language belonging to the Indo-European language family, it is an [[:wikipedia:en:Ingvaeonic languages|Ingvaeonic language]](or a North Sea Germanic language) and is very close to English(in terms of basic words), it is spoken on another planet called "Dë Niuland"(also called "Dë Niuwerld", Basanawa-dji: だ新世界), as the speakers were accidentally transferred by a wormhole to "Dë Niuland".

Urban Basanawa is one of the two language of the Detch people(or Deetch people), the other is [[Rural Basanawa]], more than 70% of the Detch people speak Urban Basanawa as their native tongue.

Like English, Yiddish and Wymysorys, Urban Basanawa is a west-germanic language with a large amount of loanwords.

Urban Basanawa developed from Old Saxon, but the inflection system has been greatly reduced; There are many loanwords from Slavic languages(Mainly a language closely related to Polish, perhaps a dialect of Polish), Malay and Japanese, also, due to the influence of Japanese, and being isolated from other germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't use Latin or Ancient Greek as its source of academic terms.

Despite not being an Anglo-Frisian language, many words of Urban Basanawa are pronunced the same or similar to their English cognates, like feet("feet", pronunciation /fi:t/), fish("fish", pronunciation /fiʃ/), bring("to bring", pronunciation /briŋ/), green("green", pronunciation /gri:n/); but some words are pronunced differently from their English cognates, like ook("eye", pronunciation /u:x/), eggë("edge", pronunciation /ek/), etë("to eat", pronunciation /e:t/); also, there are words which are false friends to their English cognates, for example, deer("animal", pronunciation /di:r/, cognate to English "deer"), selfish("private", pronunciation /selfiʃ/, cognate to English "selfish" but with very different meanings to its English cognates), sood("to prove", pronunciation /su:t/, cognate to English "soothe").

It is thought that [[Toka na Musume]], a language of anime-girl-like girls, is derived from Urban Basanawa, or a creolized form of Urban Basanawa.

The name "[[Basanawa]]" is shared by two languages spoken by the Detch people, one is an Ingvaeonic West Germanic language, called "Urban Basanawa"; the other is an Malayic Malay-Polynesian language, called "[[Rural Basanawa]]", what is introduced in this article, is the "Urban Basanawa" language. Despite sharing the name and used by the same ethnic group, "Urban Basanawa" and "Rural Basanawa" belong to two unrelated language families.

==Origin of words==
Urban Basanawa is a language with a large quantity of loanwords, the source of words is various, and many(if not most) of them are of non-european origin. It is said that most classical languagew of Eurasia of our word, including Classical Chinese(mainly via Japanese), Sanskrit(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Arabic(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Latin and Ancient Greek have all contributed some words to Urban Basanawa.

Despite having numerous loanwords, Urban Basanawa is certainly a west Germanic language close to [[English]], [[Low German]] and [[Frisian]], and most of its grammatical structures and functional words are of Germanic origin.

===Germanic===
Urban Basanawa is a germanic language, it evolves from Old Saxon, most germanic words in Urban Basanawa are inherited from Old Saxon(through sound changes), thus, Urban Basanawa could be seen as a dialect of Low German, but the merger between front rounded vowel into their unrounded counterparts, the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/(Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/ have become /ai/ and /au/ respectively in Urban Basanawa), the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/(the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/, and the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/ have made some Urban Basanawa words sound like their English or Standard German cognates), the preservation of the distinction between Old Saxon short /o/ and /u/, lexical differences(Besides loanwords, semantic shift of native words can also create obstacles in communication) and grammatical changes(Urban Basanawa has lost all nominal cases, and has also lost the germanic V2 order, becoming a SVO language, also, adjectival inflections in Urban Basanawa have also become unproductive and fossilized) can hinder the mutual intelligibility between Urban Basanawa and Low German dialects.

Unlike Low German dialects, the distinction between short /o/ and /u/ of Old Saxon is still maintained in Urban Basanawa.

Besides words that are inherited from Old Saxon, some germanic-origin words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed, some of them are early borrowings borrowed from other germanic dialects in Old Saxon Period, some others are borrowed later indirect through Slavic languages or Japanese, which created some doublets:

* land("land", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - lond("owned land, owned field, property", a slavic borrowing)
* ring("ring", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - rinek("market", a slavic borrowing)
* shirt("apron", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - shatzu("shirt", a japanese borrowing)

Although Urban Basanawa has borrowed kinship terms from Japanese, kinship terms of germanic origin are actually still used in daily communications, also, the pronominal system of Urban Basanawa is still germanic, not influenced by other languages.

===Austronesian===
Urban Basanawa has some from Malay-Indonesian and other Austronesian languages, many Sanskrit(including the word "Basa") and Arabic terms are also borrowed indirectly through Austronesian languages, it is thought that Austronesian languages(mainly Malay-Indonesian) were probably substratums among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

===Slavic===
Urban Basanawa has words from slavic languages, especially Polish and/or Polish-like languages(words borrowed from other slavic languages also exist), before Urban Basanawa speakers started to adopt Japanese, a Polish-like slavic language was served as the superstratum among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

Besides some lexical words, many proper nouns in Urban Basanawa are influenced by slavic languages, for example, some village names are ended with -vitze, which is considered to be from Polish -wice, also, many given names are of Slavic origin, and there are even non-slavic-origin family names ended with -ski(for example, Umeski).

The existence of slavic words may indicte that the direct ancestor of Urban Basanawa(before the speakers being accidentally transferred) was spoken in Poland(of our world) in Middle Ages.

Slavic words for animals are also used as euphemisms by hunters, fishers and butchers speaking Urban Basanawa, as they consider germanic names of animals will bring bad luck when these words are referred in hunting/fishing.

===Greek and Latin-Romance===
Ancient Greek and Latin are much less important among Urban Basanawa speakers than they are in most parts of Europe, compared to other Germanic languages(and most other languages originate from Europe of our world), Urban Basanawa has less influence from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages, most words from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages in Urban Basanawa were borrowed in the Old Saxon period or earlier, or indirectly through other languages.

===Japanese and Chinese===
It is known that Japanese culture has a profound impact on Urban Basanawa-speakers, so Japanese language(Modern Japanese) also has significant influence on Urban Basanawa, Japanese lexicon, especially Sino-japanese ones, is used as a source for academic terms in Urban Basanawa, many modern concepts in Urban Basanawa are from Japanese, Urban Basanawa speakers has even adopted Japanese kana and kanji to write Urban Basanawa.

Japanese people never ruled or colonized the Urban Basanawa speakers, but Japanese was seen as a superior language by Urban Basanawa speakers; also, as some Japanese words are very common in Urban Basanawa, it is supposed that Japanese may also served as an substratum in an earlier stage.

Most of the Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, but there are Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa that are not borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, some of them are borrowed through Malay-Indonesian but others are probably not. Below are some supposed Sinitic words that are not from Sino-Japanese words:
* lobak - radish(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lonkang - drain(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lomuwa~loma - gangster
* bulahi~blahi - whitebait

===Ainu Itak===
There are also some words originating from Ainu, below are some examples:

* tunackai /tu'nakai/ "reindeer" - from Ainu ''tunakkay''
* mossir /'mosir/ "land, region, island" - from Ainu ''mosir''
* tchisse /'tʃise/ "shelter, house" - from Ainu ''cise''
* kamui /'kamui/ "anglic god-like spirit" - from Ainu ''kamuy''
* kamuimossir "paradise, heaven, land of god" - from Ainu ''kamuymosir''

===Calquing in Urban Basanawa===
Besides direct borrowings, calquing is also common to form new words in Urban Basanawa:

* '''handsack/手袋''' /'hantsak/ "glove" - from '''hand/手''' /'hant/ "hand" + '''sack/袋''' /'sak/ "bag,sack", calquing Japanese '''てぶくろ/手袋''' "glove"
* '''weidkind/茸''' /'we:tkint/ "mushroom" - from '''weid/木''' /'we:t/ "wood" + '''kind/子''' /'kint/ "child", calquing Japanese '''キノコ/茸''' "mushroom"
* '''gardfogel/鶏''' /'gartfogəl/ "chicken"<ref>however, it is possible that '''gardfogel''' is not a calque of Japanese '''にわとり''', as the term '''gardfogel''' has been common when Urban Basanawa speakers started to systemically borrow Japanese words</ref> - from '''gard/庭/園''' /'gart/ "garden" + '''fogel/鳥''' /'fogəl/ "bird", calquing Japanese '''にわとり/鶏''' "chicken"
* '''potding/鍋物''' /'potdiŋ/ "hot pot, nabemono", calquing Japanese '''なべもの/鍋物''' "hot pot, nabemono"

==Phonology==
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Consonants
|-
! !! Labials !! Alveolars !! Postalveolars/ Palatals !! Velars/ Glottals
|-
! Nasals
| m || n || || ŋ
|-
! Plosives
| p b || t d || || k g
|-
! Affricates
| || ts dz || tʃ dʒ ||
|-
! Fricatives
| f v || s || ʃ || x~h
|-
! Sonorants
| || r l || j || w
|}
* /v/ is actually the labiodental approximant [ʋ] rather than the labiodental fricative [v] in the actual speech of many speakers.
* /dz/ is sometimes realized as [z]
* /ŋ/ is only contrastive with /n/ at the end of a word, in other places, /ŋ/ is an allophone of /n/ before velars.
* /h/ is pronunced as [x] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a non-front consonant; /h/ is pronunced as [ç] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a front consonant
* the contrast between /p/ and /b/, /t/ and /d/, and /k/ and /g/ is in fact a contrast between fortis and lenis plosives, rather than a contrast between voiceless and voiced plosives, or a contrast between aspirated and non-aspirated plosives.
* /b/, /d/, /g/, /dz/, /dʒ/, /v/ are neutralized respectively with /p/, /t/, /k/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /f/ word-finally.

===Vowels===
Like English and Yiddish, but unlike other Germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't have front rounded vowels, the vowel system of Urban Basanawa is more similar to that of Spanish or Japanese:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+vowels
|-
! !! front || central !! back
|-
! high
| i i: || || u u:
|-
! mid
| e e: || ə || o o:
|-
! low
| || a a:
|}

* In some dialects, the actual pronunciations of the short vowels /i e a o u/ are [ɪ ɛ ɐ ɔ ʊ]

===Sound Changes from Old Saxon to Urban Basanawa===
Although Urban Basanawa has numerous borrowings, and most of them are from non-european languages, most common words and most words used in everyday speech are inherent from Old Saxon, which clearly shows that Urban Basanawa is a West-Germanic language, and as Urban Basanawa has evolved for a long time from Old Saxon, there are certainly some sound changes.

Rules listed below might not be correct, and may not be the complete list. Some of the sound changes coincide with those happened in other Low German dialects, others are peculiar to Urban Basanawa.

Most sound changes of Stage I occured when people who spoke the ancestor languages of Urban Basanawa(persumbly Old Saxon and Middle Low German dialects) were still live in our world, and most sound changes of Stage II occured after they arrived "De Niuland".

Stage I

* i:a > e:
* io > e:
* iu > y:(?) or ie(?) > i:

* ao,aw,auw > ɔ:
* a:o > a:w
* a:i > a:i
* iuw > iu
* euw > eu
* ei,e:i > i:
* e:o,e:w > e:
* V[-stressed](especially when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)(however, this rule is controversial)
* wu > wo
* a > o / _ld (before final consonant devoicing)

* Open syllable lengthening:
** a > ɑ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** o,u,au > ɔ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** e,i > ɛ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** ø,y > œ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables

* V[-stressed] > ə
* V:[-stressed] > V

* θ,(ð) > d (before final consonant devoicing)

* C > C[-voice] / _#(final consonant devoicing)

* Unronding of front rounded vowels(this sound change probably occured much later, but it certainly occurred before the earliest writing record):
** y: > i:
** ø: > e:
** y > i
** ø > e
** œ: > ɛ:
** e: > ei / !_[t,d,θ,ð,r,x~h](uncertain)
** o: > ou / !_[t,d,θ,ð,r,x~h](uncertain)

Stage II

* V: > V / _C(ə)R(R is an resonant /m n l r/, especially before /dər/)(this happens before the diphthongization of vowels and the raising of long vowels; moreover, in certain words, the process was undone due to morphological levelling)

* C: > C

* diphthongization of vowels:
** i:,a:i > ai
** u:,a:w > au
** o:i > oi
** eu,iu > iu

* raising of long vowels:
** ɑ:,a: > a:
** e: (>ei) > i:
** o: (>ou) > u:
** ɛ(:) > e(:)
** ɔ(:) > o(:)

* z > s / #_

* h > Ø / V_V(this sound change probably occured much earlier)

* ə > Ø / _#

there are some irregularities among words, the emergence of these irregularities were probably due to dialect mixing and dialect levelling at some earlier stages of Urban Basanawa:


* Old Saxon ''sumar'' > Urban Basanawa ''summer/夏'' /sumər/ "summer" (the expected form would be *''sommer'' /somər/, it is possible that it changed to summer by analogy of the semantically related word ''sun'' "sun", possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''thiudisk'' > Urban Basanawa ''detch'' /detʃ/ and ''deetch'' /di:tʃ/ (the expected form would be *''daitch'' /daitʃ/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or it was remodelled after the related Old Saxon word thīod or its descendants before the formation of Urban Basanawa)
* Old Saxon ''duru'' > Urban Basanawa ''door/扉'' /du:r/ "door" (the expected form ''dore/扉'' /do:r/ also exists, which created a pair of doublets /do:r/ and /du:r/, it is possible that the emergence of doublet in this word and some other words was due to dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''wika'' > Urban Basanawa ''week/週'' /wi:k/ "week" (the expected form would be *''weik'' /we:k/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing. or modelled after the Old Saxon word wēk "weak")
* Old Saxon *''butera''(speculated form, deduced from Proto (west) Germanic *''buterô'') > Urban Basanawa ''butter/ブッタル'' /butər/ "butter" (the expected form would be *''botter'', possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or actually evolved through the sound change "V[-stressed](especiall when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_C(R is an resonant /m n l r/)" regularly)
* Old Saxon ''hert'' > Urban Basanawa ''hart/心'' /hart/ "heart" (the expected form would be *''hert'' /hert/)

possible irregular words:

* Old Saxon ''frī'' > Urban Basanawa ''free/自由い'' /fri:/ "free" (the expected word would be *''frai'' */frai/ or *''frei'' */fre:/, but it is possible that it was actually a regular sound change modelled after certain forms of adjectives, or modelled after ''dree'', ''free''(the verb evolved regularly from Old Saxon ''frīohon'') or was an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
*words that are subject of the rule "i,u[-stressed] > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)":
** Old Saxon ''bilith'' > Urban Basanawa ''bild/図/像'' /bilt/ "picture, image" (the expected word would be *''beld'' */belt/, it is possible that the form *''bilthi'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''miluk'' > Urban Basanawa ''milk/乳/ミルク'' /milk/ "milk" (the expected word would be *''melk'' */melk/, it is possible that the form *''milk'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''kirikǭ'' > Urban Basanawa ''kirk/教会'' /kirk/ "church" (the expected word would be *''kerk'' /kerk/, it is possible that the form *kirkǭ also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''siluvar'' > Urban Basanawa ''silver/銀'' /silvər/ "silver" (the expected word would be *''selver'' /selvər/, it is possible that the form *''silvar'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)

==Writing systems==
There are several ways to write Urban Basanawa. two of them are introduced below:

===Roman Script/Oldwriting===
The Roman Script for Urban Basanawa, also called the "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Urban Basanawa, is a way to write Urban Basanawa. Roman Script never became widespread among the Detch people, and it has become obsolete, but for the sake of the readers, most Urban Basanawa contents in this article will be written using Roman Scripts.

*A - /a/
*AA - /a:/
*A$Ë - /a:/
*AI - /ai/
*AU - /au/
*B - /b/
*BB - /b/
*CH - /x/
*CK - /k/
*D - /d/
*DD - /d/
*DJ - /dʒ/
*DZ - /dz~z/
*E - /e/
*Ë - /ə/, if it ends a word and is not followed by any consonant, it is silent
*EE - /i:/
*EI - /e:/
*E$Ë - /e:/
*F - /f/
*G - /g/
*GG - /g/
*H - /h/
*I - /i/
*IE - /i:/
*I$Ë - /ai/
*K - /k/
*L - /l/
*M - /m/
*N - /n/
*O - /o/
*OO - /u:/
*OU - /o:/
*OW - /o:/
*O$Ë - /o:/
*P - /p/
*PP - /p/
*R - /r/
*S - /s/
*SS - /s/
*SH - /ʃ/
*T - /t/
*TT - /t/
*TZ - /ts/
*TCH - /tʃ/
*U - /u/
*U$Ë - /au/
*UË - /u:/
*UU - /u:/
*V - /v/
*W - /w/
*WR - /vr/
*Y - /j/(as a consonant),/ai/(as a vowel)

Note:
# $ represents any single consonant
# A, E, O are lengthened to /a:/,/e:/,/o:/ in open syllables
# Ë is not used in actual manuscripts of Urban Basanawa.

===Kanji and Kana===
Urban Basanawa is highly influenced by the Japanese language, and the Detch people have even adopted Japanese Kanji and Kana to write Urban Basanawa, Kanji and Kana for Urban Basanawa has become the most widespread way to write Urban Basanawa among the Detch people.

The Kanji and Kana system used to write Urban Basanawa is called the "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字), the Kanji part is called 漢字(Oldwriting: Kandji) in Urban Basanawa, the Kana part is called 仮名(Oldwriting: Kana) in Urban Basanawa.

====Reading of Kandjis in Urban Basanawa====
Like Japanese Kanji, there are several ways to read Basanawa kandji of Basanawa-dji: 音読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: On-lesing), 訓読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Kun-lesing), 混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Mixed-lesing) and 熟字訓(Oldwriting: Djukudjikun), they are similar to the Japanese On'yomi, Kun'yomi, Mixed readings and Special readings.

=====音読えせぃんﾟ(On-lesing)=====
The '''On-lesing''', the Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a Sino-Japanese word, all On-lesings are borrowed from Japanese On'yomi.

The On-lesing of many words in Urban basanawa are pronunced almost the same as the On'yomi of their Japanese counterparts.

More formal or academic terms are more likely to use On-lesing; while more informal or daily terms are more likely to use Kun-lesing, but there are exceptions.

Example of On-lesings(kandji - On-lesing pronunciation - meaning):

* 音楽 - /ongaku/ - "music"
* 科学 - /kagaku/ - "science"
* 生物学 - /se:butsugaku/ - "biology"
* 地質学 - /tʃiʃitsugaku/ - "geology"
* 予算 - /josan/ - "budget"
* 細胞 - /saibo:/ - "cell(biology)"
* 証明書 - /ʃo:me:ʃo:/ - "certificate"
* 学校 - /gakko:/ - "school"
* 廃墟 - /haikijo/ - "ruin"
* 報酬 - /ho:ʃu:/ - "reward"
* 責任 - /sekinin/ - "responsibility"
* 気体 - /kitai/ - "gas"
* 工場 - /ko:dʒo:/ - "factory"
* 魔法 - /maho:/ - "magic"
* 少女 - /ʃo:dʒo/ - "girl"
* 経済 - /ke:dzai/ - "economy"
* 博士 - /hakuʃi/ - "doctor(one with a doctorate degree)"
* 割引 - /waribiki/ - "discount"
* 国家 - /kokka/ - "country"

however, not every pronunciation from Japanese is seen as a On-lesing, a pronunciation that is from the Yamatokotoba of Japanese is seen as a Kunn-lesing in Urban Basanawa.

=====訓読えせぃんﾟ(Kun-lesing)=====
The '''Kun-lesing''', the non-Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a non-Sino-Japanese word, or '''Landsword'''(Basanawa-dji: 国詞), that closely approximated the meaning of the Chinese character when it was introduced. As with On-lesing, there can be multiple Kun-lesing for the same kandji, and some kandji have no Kun-lesing at all.

Most of the Kun-lesings are of Germanic origin and are inherited from Old Saxon rather than borrowed, and many of them are basic words used in everyday speeech, which reflects the fact that Urban Basanawa is actually a west-Germanic language despite not using writing systems common to other Germanic languages, those Germanic-origin words inherited from Old Saxon are sometimes called '''Saxënword'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン詞). All Saxënwords are Landswords, but not all Landswords are Saxënwords, as Landswords contain words of Austronesian origin, words of Slavic origin, and words of other origins.

Example of Kun-lesings(kandji - Kun-lesing pronunciation - meaning):
* 西 - /'west/ - "west"
* 北 - /'nort/ - "north"
* 屋 - /'haus/ - "house"
* 橋 - /'brik/ - "bridge"
* 馬 - /'ros/ - "horse"
* 山 - /'berx/ - "mountain"
* 朝 - /'morgən/ - "morning"
* 夜 - /'naxt/ - "night"
* 日 - /'sun/ - "sun"
* 日 - /'dax/ - "day"
* 病 - /'ba:n/ - "disease"
* 鬼 - /'gi:st/ - "ghost"
* 魚 - /'fiʃ/ - "fish(general term)"
* 魚 - /'riba/ - "fish(euphemism used by fishers and anglers)"
* 畑 - /'felt/ - "field"
* 田 - /'sa:wa/ - "paddy field"
* 鶏 - /'manuk/ - "chicken"
* 綿 - /'kapuk/ - "cotton"
* 帝 - /'radʒa/ - "emperor, raja"
* 薬 - /'lek/ - "medicine(substance for curing), drug"
* 壺 - /'dzbanek/ - "jug"
* 蛸 - /'tako/ - "octopus"
* 猫 - /'neko/ - "cat"
* ときめき - /tokimeki/ - "crush(feeling of love)"
* 萌え - /'moe/ - "crush(feeling of love, especially to a cutie), cute(especially for a lovely girl)"
* 食えいと - /'e:t/ - "to eat"
* 見えい - /'se:/ - "to see"
* 見いんど - /'fint/ - "to find"
* 作く - /'ma:k/ - "to make"
* 送ど - /'sent/ - "to send"
* 費ど - /'spent/ - "to spend"
* 老ど - /'olt/ - "old"
* 他る - /'odər/ - "other"
* 大と - /'gru:t/ - "great, large, big"
* 生う - /'ro:/ - "raw"
* 大い - /'vilki/ - "large"
* 海星 - /'si:ster/ - "starfish"

=====混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Mixëd-lesing)=====
There are kandji compounds that use a mixture of On-lesing and Kun-lesing, they are known as '''Mixëd-lesing'''.

=====義訓(Gikun)/熟字訓(Djukudjikun)=====
'''Gikun''' and '''Djukudjikun''' are readings of kandji combinations that have no direct correspondence to the characters' individual On-lesing or Kun-lesing, but rather are connected with their meaning.

Example of Gikun/Djukudjikun(kandji - Gikun/Djukudjikun pronunciation - meaning):
* 兵器 - /'wa:pən/ - "weapon"
* 飛行 - /'fle:x/ - "flight"
* 結婚式 - /'svadba/ - "wedding ceremony"
* 精神 - /'gi:st/ - "spirit"
* 聖書 - /al'kitap/ - "The Bible"
* 玻璃 - /'glas/ - "glass"
* 教会 - /'kirk/ - "church"
* 子牛 - /'kalf/ - "calf(of a cow)"
* 地獄 - /'hel/ - "hell"
Due to the fact that Germanic languages have phonological and semantic structures different from that of Chinese languages or Japanese, and that there are considerable amounts loanwords of Slavic and Austronesian origin in Urban Basanawa, it is believed that the proportion of Gikun and Djukudjikun in Urban Basanawa is higher than that in Japanese.

==Grammar==
Being a germanic language, it shares many common structures with English, but there are also differences.

===Word Order===
The word order of Urban Basanawa is very similar to English:
*Basic word order: Subject-Verb-Object(SVO)
*Adpositions are prepositions
*Demonstratives and Numerals precede the noun they modify, relative clauses follow the noun they modify, adjectives can precede or follow the noun they modify(prenominal adjectives are more common)
Urban Basanawa does not have V2 order at all, and word order inversion is not used for interrogatives, and Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial yes-no question particle.

===Interrogatives===
In Urban Basanawa, word order inversion is not used for interrogatives:
* Du saast wat? - what did you see?
* Hau du feelst? - how do you feel?

Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial particle for yes-no questions "is-it dat":
* is-it dat it is de haus fon dy tomodatchi? - is it the house of your friend?

"is-it dat" is frequently contracted to "ista".

It is also possible to ask yes-no questions simply by using a raising intonation on a sentence(In Urban Basanawa, like English, declarative sentences usually have a falling intonation):

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

which is equivalent to the following sentence:

* is-it dat Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

Tag question is formed by adding the negation word "ne" to the end of the sentence:

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep, ne? - Noire has fallen in love with Nep-nep, hasn't she?

===Relative clauses===
Relative clauses start with the invariant relativizers dë and dat:
* dë haus, dë is by dë strand, was bocht faif yaars beforë - the house, which is by the beach, was bought five years ago.
* dë musume, dë [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Nepgear|Nepgear]] luëvët, is dë imowto fon Noire - the girl, whom Nepgear loves, is the younger sister of Noire.

dat can also be used to form nominal clauses:
* it is good, dat all kindër kan gaa to gackows. - it is good that all children can go to schools.
* [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] ne kent dat [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Noire|Noire]], dë Megami fon [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Lastation|Lastation]], hat fallën in koi mid iem. - Nep-nep doesn't know that Noire, the Goddess of Lastation, has fallen in love with her.

Unlike most European languages, interrogative words(the so-called relative pronouns) are not used for relative clauses except for relative clauses without antecedents.

===Negation===
negation is formed by using the negation word ''ne'', the word ne precedes the word it negates:

* Leanbox ne hat Megami Kouhosei - Leanbox doesn't have CPU candidates.
* In dë miestze, dë hat fishbeens swimmënd, Uni sheedë mid Nepgear, for Uni dacht, dat Nepgear ne heelëd Noire, dë oneisan fon Uni. - in the place where there are swimming fishbones, Uni broke up with Nepgear, for Uni thought that Nepgear didn't save Noire, Uni's big sister.

ne usually follows an aux verb:

* Nepgear konst ne fërstand, wai Uni weld ne feech ien. - Nepgear couldn't understand why Uni didn't want to join her.

It is supposed that the Urban Basanawa ''ne'' is not directly from Proto-Germanic ''ne'', but rather a contraction of earlier negations.

===Possession===
Possession can be formed by using prepositions, the most common preposition for possession is "fon", if a preposition is used for possession, the possessor follows the possessed:

* dë haus fon dë megami - the goddess's house
* dë wagën fon dy fadër - the car of your father

also, a structure similar to the "His-genitive" in English is also used, where the 3rd singular possessive pronoun "is" is used, if the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is used for possession, the possessor precedes the possessed, the possessive pronoun frequently pronunced as "s" and written as "së" in Oldwriting:

* dë megami së haus/だ女神彼す屋 - /də 'megami s 'haus/ - the goddess's house
* dy faddër së wagën/だ父彼す車 - /dai fadər s 'wagən/ - the car of your father

The "is" in this usage does not influenced by the number of possessor or possessed:

* dë werker së gëreed - /də werkər sə gəri:t/ - the tool of the worker
* dë werker së gëreeds - /də werkər sə gəri:ts/ - the tools of the worker
* dë werkers së gëreed - /də werkərs sə gəri:t/ - the tool of the workers
* dë werkers së gëreeds - /də werkərs sə gəri:ts/ - the tools of the workers

the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is standard in Urban Basanawa.

there was an genitive case suffix -s, but the genitive -s suffix has fallen out of use and has become a derivative affix used for some compounds.

===Noun===
Nouns has lost the distinction between genders and cases, but it still has the distinction between singular and plural forms.

there are different types of nouns: s-nouns, n-nouns, r-nouns, umlaut-nouns.

the plural form of a s-noun is formed by adding the -s/-ës(the -s form is used when the noun is ended with vowels, liquids or /n/, otherwise the -ës is used) suffix to the end of the noun, it seems that most nouns belong to this class:

*man("man") - mans(the plural form of man can also be men or mennër)
*fingër("finger") - fingërs
*boom("tree") - boomës
*fish("fish") - fishës
*ring("ring") - ringës
*dag("day") - dagës
*maud("mouth") - maudës

the plural form of a n-noun is formed by adding the -n/-ën suffix to the end of the noun:

*oog("eye") - oogën
*erd("earth") - erdën

the plural form of a r-noun is formed by adding the -r/-ër suffix to the end of the noun, and the stem vowel may undergo umlaut:

*lamb("lamb") - lembër
*kalf("calf") - kelvër
*kind("child") - kindër

the plural form of a umlaut-noun is formed by changing the stem vowel:

*foot("foot") - feet
*book("book") - beek
*kau("cow") - kai
*maus("mouse") - mais
*gast("guest") - gest
*burg("city") - birg

Plural forms are not obliged in Urban Basanawa, and in colloquial speech it is common to use singular forms in place of plural forms.

===Verb===
Verbs conjugate according to tense-aspect-moods.

Verbs have infinitive, present, past, present participle, past participle forms, in earlier forms of Urban Basanawa, the infinitive form of a verb ends with -ën, but the -ën ending has been dropped, and they are identical to the present form in almost every case(some verbs still maintain different infinitive forms), the infinitive form ending in -ën is largely considered as an archaic form.

as most germanic languages, Urban Basanawa verbs can be devided into two classes: strong verb and weak verb.

the past tense of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel if it is a strong verb.

Examples of weak verbs:
* make /ma:k/ "to make" - maked /ma:kət/ "(I/he/she/it) made"
* weep /wi:p/ "to weep" - weeped /wi:pət/ "(I/he/she/it) wept"
* leed /li:t/ "to lead" - leeded /li:dət/ "(I/he/she/it) led"
* meet /mi:t/ "to meet" - meeted /mi:tət/ "(I/he/she/it) met"

in some dialects, the past tense forms of weak verbs ending with /t/ and /d/ are same to their present forms, or are formed by shortening the stem vowel:

* leed /li:t/ "to lead" - leed /li:t/ "led" or ledd /let/ "(I/he/she/it) led"
* meet /mi:t/ "to meet" - meet /mi:t/ "met" or mett /met/ "(I/he/she/it) met"

the present participle of a verb, no matter it is a strong or weak verb, is formed by adding -ënd to the end of the infinitive form.

the past participle of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel and then adding -ën to the end if it is a strong verb, in more archaic or some dialectical usages, the prefix gë- is used for past participle forms also.

some examples are shown below:

Strong verb:
* Nep-nep etët gohan - [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] eats a meal
* Nep-nep is etënd gohan/Nep-nep is an (dë) etë gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep doot etënd gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep atët gohan - Nep-nep ate a meal
* Nep-nep hat etën gohan - Nep-nep has eaten a meal

Weak verb:
* hi makët rings - he/she makes ring.
* hi is makënd rings/hi is an (dë) makë rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi doot makënd rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi makëd rings - he/she made rings.
* hi hat makëd rings - he/she has made rings.

Like English, infinitives of Urban Basanawa can be preceded by the particle "to", but the to-infinitive is not frequently used in some dialects of Urban Basanawa.

In Urban Basanawa, the verbal noun of a verb is formed by using the -ing suffix, also, in many strong verbs, the verbal noun can be formed by simply applying the ablaut of the stem:

* (to) makë("to make") - mak'''ing'''("act of making")
* (to) s'''i'''ng ("to sing") - s'''a'''ng/sing'''ing'''("act of singing")
* (to) f'''i'''nd ("to find") - f'''a'''nd/find'''ing'''("act of finding")

however, ablaut forms are largely fossilized in Urban Basanawa, and the -ing forms are more common even for strong verbs.

the usage of verbal nouns in Urban Basanawa is similar to that of English:

* warding folks is en megami is shigoto. - protecting people is the job of a goddess.
* drinking alë smertët eener is rau - drinking beers harms one's body.

-ing forms cannot be used for present particles, and present particles cannot be used for gerunds, so the sentences below are incorrect:
* *hi is making rings(the correct form is "hi is makënd rings" or "hi is an (dë) makë rings")
* *drinkënd alë smertët eener is rau(the correct form is "drinking alë smert eener is rau")

====Agreements====
present:
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -st*/-est
*3rd person singular: -t*/-et(same as 1st person singular in modal verbs )
*plural: -t*/-et(-en in modal verbs)

preterite(past tense, agreement suffixes added after the past tense suffix -ëd in weak verbs):
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -est
*3rd person singular: -
*plural: -en

Note: forms with * are used for verbs ending in vowels.

the verb "wese"("to be") and "have"("to have") have irregular forms:

"wese"("to be"):
present:
*1st person singular: bin
*2nd person singular: bist
*3rd person singular: is
*plural: sind

preterite:
*1st person singular: was
*2nd person singular: weer
*3rd person singular: was
*plural: warn

"have"("to have"):
present:
*1st person singular: have
*2nd person singular: hast
*3rd person singular: hat~haft
*plural: have

preterite:
*1st person singular: had
*2nd person singular: haddest
*3rd person singular: had
*plural: hadden

====Copula====
* infinitive: wesë
* present: is
* past: was
* past particle: wesën
In Colloquial usage, copulae can be omitted, especially the present copula "is":
* dat man en ribanik - that man is a fisher.
* dat ovët sweet - the fruit is sweet.

====Strong verbs====
Like other germanic languages, there are strong verbs in Urban Basanawa, and they follow certain patterns to produce different forms, although there are anomalies in strong verbs, making the patterns less regular.

Besides these patterns of stem vowel changes, the past participle forms of strong verbs require an -ën/-あ*ん(あ* is an A-dan kana where the consonant corresponds the ending consonant of the infinitive/present form of the verb it attaches to) ending.

The stem vowel of different classes of strong verbs are listed below(arranged in the form of "Present Tense - Past Tense - Past Participle"):

In Oldwriting：
* Class I: i$ë - ie$ - i$($)*
* Class II: au/ee - oo - o
* Class III:
** i - a - u
** e - a - o
* Class IV: e - a - o
* Class V: e/i - a - e
* Class VI: a - oo - a
* Class VII*:
** a/o - e/(ee/ie) - a/o
** aa/oo - ee - a/o

In Basanawa-dji:
* Class I: あい - いい - い
* Class II: あう/いい - うう - お
* Class III:
** い - あ - う
** え - あ - お
* Class IV: えい - ああ - お
* Class V:
** えい - ああ - え
** い - あ - え
* Class VI: あ/ああ - うう - あ
* Class VII*:
** あ/お - え/(いい) - あ/お
** ああ/おう - いい - あ/お

Note:
# In General, in Class VII strong verbs, if the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short; if the stem vowel of the present tense form is long, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also long; however, in the past tense forms of some Class VII strong verbs, while the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short, although in these verbs, there are usually more regular alternatives.
# The $ in the Class I strong verb pattern is a single consonant letter in Oldwriting.

===Adjective===
Like English, adjectives in the standard form don't agree with nouns they modify in Urban Basanawa, however, in archaic usages, attributive adjectives are ended with -ë:

* en goodë dag - 一ん良だ日 - a good day
* goodë dagës - 良だ日す - good days
* dë goodë dag - だ良だ日 - the good day
* dë goodë dagës - だ良だ日す - the good days

predicative adjectives, however, don't take the -ë ending:

* fondag is good - 今日いす良で - today is good

Adjectives of Germanic origin have comparative and superlative forms:
*comparative: -ër
*superlative: -ëst

for example:

* fondag is heet - 今日いす暑と - today is hot
* fondag is heetër dan gestërn - 今日いす暑たるだん昨日 - today is hotter than yesterday
* fondag is dë heetëst dag in dis yaar - 今日いすだ暑たすと日中ん此年 - today is the hottest day in this year

These forms are sometimes used on adjectives of non-Germanic origins, but its use is largely restricted to Germanic adjectives.

Due to the large amount of Japanese words in Urban Basanawa, there are also na-adjectives in Urban Basanawa. In Urban Basanawa, all na-adjectives are ended with -na(-な) or -no(-の), the -na(-な) and -no(-の) are dropped when these adjectives are used predicatively:

* en okubiyow-na kuroneko - 一ん臆病な黒猫 - a timid black-cat.
* dë kuroneko is okubiyow - だ黒猫いす臆病 - the black-cat is timid.

the -no(-の) ending can also be used for possessive adjectives.

==Words==
===Pronouns===

====personal pronouns====
Pronouns have cases, but the usage of subject pronouns is declining, and many dialects don't use subject pronouns at all.

1st person singular:
*subject: ik(吾)
*object: mi(我)
*genitive: my/minë(我い/我ん)

2nd person singular:
*subject: du(汝)
*object: di(爾)
*genitive: dy/dinë(爾い/爾ん)

3rd person singular:
*subject it(彼と)(inanimate)/hi(彼)(animate)
*object: it(彼と)(inanimate)/ien(彼ん)(animate)
*genitive: is(彼す)

1st person plural:
*subject: wi(我等)
*object: us(我等す)
*genitive: aus/ur~aur(我等す/我等る)
*subject/object(in some dialects): mi allër(generic or exclusive)/yumi(inclusive, from yu+mi)

2nd person plural:
*subject: yi(汝等)
*object: yu(爾等)
*genitive: yur(爾等る)

3rd person plural:
*subject/object: allër/sie(彼等)
*genitive: ier(彼等る)

reflexive: self(己)(also used with the genitive form of other pronouns)

for some personal pronouns, there were emphatic forms:

1st person singular:
*object: my

2nd person singular:
*subject: dau
*object: dy

1st person plural:
*object: aus

====demonstratives====

*this: dis/dit(此)
*that: dat(彼)
*these: dese(此す)
*those: die(彼い)
*here: hier(ひいる/此る)
*there: daar(だある/彼る)
*the(definite article): dë(だ)

====interrogative pronouns====

*who: wee(誰い)
*what: wat(何と)
*when: wan(何ん)
*where: wor(をる/何る)/war(わる/何る)
*how: hau(はう/何う)
*why: wai/warum(わい/何い)
*which: wilk(ゐるﾟく/何く)
Interrogatives are not used to start relative clauses when there are antecedents.

===Numerals===
# 1: een/en(一)
# 2: twee(二)
# 3: dree(三)
# 4: fier(四)
# 5: faif/fimf(五)
# 6: sex(六)
# 7: sevën(七)
# 8: acht(八)
# 9: negën(九)
# 10: ten(十)
# 11: elvën~elf(十一)
# 12: twelf(十二)
# 13: dreetin(十三)
# 14: fiertin(十四)
# 15: fiftin(十五)
# 16: sextin(十六)
# 17: sevëntin(十七)
# 18: achtin(十八)
# 19: negëntin(十九)
# 20: twentig(二十)
* 30: dreetig(三十)
* 40: fiertig(四十)
* 50: fiftig(五十)
* 60: sextig(六十)
* 70: sevëntig(七十)
* 80: achtig(八十)
* 90: negëntig(九十)
* hundred: hundërd(百)
* thousand: dausënd(千)

* ordinal number marker: -t/-ët(番)

For ordinal numbers, first and second have special forms:
* first: erst(一番)
* second: odër(二番/他る)(also means "other", the regular form "twee-t" is also used)

===Conjunctions===
*when/if: wen(ゑん)
*if: ef(えふ)
*before: bëforë(ば前る/前る)
*after: aftër(後た)
*and: end/en(えん/又ん)
*or: ed/eddë(えだ)
*but: ack(あく)
*then/than: dan(だん)

===Content Words===
====Names of Months====
Urban Basanawa has two set set of names of months, one is Slavic-origin, the other is Japanese-origin, the set of the latin-derived calendar month names used in many western europe languages(like English) is not used in Urban Basanawa:

Japanese-origin:
# January: Mutzuki(睦月)
# February: Kisaragi(如月)
# March: Yayoi(弥生)
# April: Udzuki(卯月)
# May: Satzuki(皐月)/Sanaetzuki(早苗月)
# June: Minadzuki(水無月)
# July: Fumidzuki(文月)
# August: Hadzuki(葉月)
# September: Nagatzuki(長月)
# October: Kannadzuki(神無月)
# November: Shimotzuki(霜月)
# December: Shiwasu(師走)

Slavic-origin:
# January: Stitchen
# February: Luti
# March: Madjetz
# April: kvitchen
# May: Mai
# June: Tchervitz
# July: Lipitz
# August: Sherpin
# September: Vdjeshen
# October: Pazdjernik
# November: Listopat
# December: Grudjen

====Days of a week====
#Monday: maandag(月日)/getzuyowbi(月曜日)
#Tuesday: firedag(火日)/kayowbi(火曜日)
#Wednsday: waterdag(水日)/suiyowbi(水曜日)
#Thursday: wieddag(木日)/mokuyowbi(木曜日)
#Friday: golddag(金日)/kinyowbi(金曜日)
#Saturday: sobota/erddag(土日)/doyowbi(土曜日)*
#Sunday: sundag(日日)/nitchiyowbi(日曜日)
The word "sobota" is the most common term for saturday in Urban Basanawa

====Kinship terms====

*Father: fadër(父)
*Mother: modër(母)

The terms for sibling is rather complex in Urban Basanawa, comparable to that of Hungarian:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:200px; height:200px;"
|+ Siblings terms in Urban Basanawa
|-
!
! older
! younger
! unspecified
|-
! male
| ani(兄) || otowto(弟) || brodër(兄弟)
|-
! female
| ane(姉) || imowto(妹) || swestër(姉妹)
|-
! unspecified
| kakak(兄姉) || adik(弟妹) || gësibb(兄弟姉妹) brodër-swestër(兄弟姉妹) kakak-adik(兄弟姉妹)
|}

that means all the sentences below can be used to mean "Nepgear is the little sister of Nep-nep":
* Nepgear is dë swestër fon Nep-nep(specify the gender, but not the relative age)
* Nepgear is dë adik fon Nep-nep(specify the relative age, but not the gender)
* Nepgear is dë imowto fon Nep-nep(specify both the gender and the relative age)

Kinship terms are ususally borrowing-resistant items of the lexicon of a language, however, it is obvious that there are many Austronesian- and Japanese-derived kinship terms in Urban Basanawa, which may indicate the effect of substrate languages, and Japanese, which is usually seen as a superstratum of Urban Basanawa, may have also played a role as a substratum in the formation of Urban Basanawa.

==Similarities to English and other west-germanic languages==
While talking about things of the everyday life, Urban Basanawa does not differ much from other west germanic languages, except for the writing system:

* dë man is in dë Haus /də man is in də haus/ - だ男いす中んだ屋 - The man is in the house
* du hast twee kau /du hast twi: kau/ - 汝持すと二牛 - you have two cows
* dat is ne dy ball, it is my ball /dat is ne dai bal it is mai bal/ - 彼いす非爾い球、彼といす我い球 - that is not your ball, it is my ball.

Some sentences are even identical or near-identical to their counterparts in other west germanic languages:
* It is good. - /it is gu:t/ - 彼といす良ど - It is good.(similar to its counterpart in English when written in Oldwriting)
* My hand is in warm watër. - /mai hant is in warm watər/ - 我い手いす中ん温む水 - My hand is in warm water.(similar to its counterpart in English and Afrikaans when written in Oldwriting)
* Dat is en hund. - /it is en hunt/ - 彼いす一ん犬 - that is a dog(similar to its counterpart in Low German when written in Oldwriting)

But when it comes to more academic ideas, Urban Basanawa sometimes can be almost completely alien to speakers of other germanic languages:

* Bibunsekibungaku is dë kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku, it doo kenkiyuu bibunhow en sekibunhow /bibunsekibungaku is də kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku it du: kenkju: bibunho: en sekibunho:/ - 微分積分学いすだ基本的な部分ふぉん解析学、彼とどぅう研究微分法又ん積分法 - Calculus is the fundamental part of mathematical analysis, it researches differentiation and integration.

==Example sentences==
(Oldwriting - Basanawa-dji - English translation)
* Nepgear is en kawaii musume, Uni is ook en kawaii musume. - ネプギアいす一ん可愛い娘、ユニいすううく一ん可愛い娘。 - Nepgear is a cute girl, Uni is also a cute girl.
* Noire weepëd an dë svadba fon Nepgear en Uni, for Uni, dë imowto fon Noire, hat wordën dë hanayome fon Nepgear, dë imowto fon Nep-nep. - ノワール泣ぱど在んだ<ruby>結婚式<rp>(</rp><rt>svadba</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>ふぉんネプギア又んユニ、為るユニ、だ妹ふぉんノワール、はと成おるだんだ花嫁ふぉんネプギア、だ妹ふぉんねぷねぷ。 - Noire weeped at the wedding ceremony of Nepgear and Uni, for Uni, the little sister of Noire, has become the bride of Nepgear, the little sister of Nep-nep.

* Bunkatekina mixing en fërbettëring is dë dentow fon dë Urban Basanawa sprekërs. - 文化的な混しんﾟ又ん変る良たりんﾟいすだ伝統ふぉんだばさなわ話者す - Cultural mixing and enhancing is the tradition of the Urban Basanawa speakers.
* en Basa is en howgen mid en guntai en kaigun. - 一ん語いす一ん方言みど一ん軍隊又ん海軍 - A language is a dialect with an Army and Navy(אַ שפּראַך איז אַ דיאַלעקט מיט אַן אַרמיי און פֿלאָט)
* ne neme af my seiraafuku - ね脫む去ふ我いセーラー服 - Don't take off my sailor suit.
* hi saa en Unkenned Fleegend Oogenseinding an dë hemmel - he saw an UFO on the sky.

UDHR Article 1 in Urban Basanawa:
: Oldwriting: All ningen sind born free en gelike in songen en rechts, sie sind geven mid risei en riyowshin, en shallen doo mid en-odder in en geest fon kinnigheid.
: Basanawadji: 全るﾟ人間すぃんど生おるん自由えん同く中ん尊厳えん権す、彼等すぃんど与えわﾟんみど理性えん良心、えんしゃらﾟん為う互るﾟ中ん精神ふぉん親族にきﾟへいど
: Pronunciation: /'al 'ningen sint born fri: en gə'laik in 'soŋgen en 'reçts si: sint 'gevən mit rise: en ri'jo:ʃin en 'ʃalən 'du: mit en'odər in en gi:st fon 'kiniçhe:t/

Lord's prayer in Urban Basanawa:

Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食与うﾟと我等す今日
: 又ん赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えわ゜と我等之負者
: 又ん無率ど我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, geve to us fondag
: en fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergevet ur beshulders
: en ne leed us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho:p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho:p dai 'kiŋdom 'ko:m/
: /'ho:p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik an hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho: p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:vət ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en ne 'li:t us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/

The following Urban Basanawa sentences are same to the corrsponding sentences in some other languages in respect of both written forms and meanings:
* It is good.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English)
* My hand is in warm watër.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English and Afrikaans)
* Dat is en hund.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Low German)
* Oneitchan daisuki(お姉ちゃん大好き) - (when written in "Basanawa-dji", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Japanese)

==Notes==
<references />

[[Category:Germanic conlangs]]
[[Category:A posteriori conlangs]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

Urban Basanawa

2015-04-06T11:20:32Z

K1234567890y: /* Noun */

{{Infobox
|name=Basanawa ''Basanawa/ばさなわ'' Saxenspraak/サクサン語
|pronounce=/basa'nawa/ / /saksənspra:k/
|tu=
|species=Human
|in=
|no=(unknown)
|script=Latin(the Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is called "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Basanawa) Kanji and Kana(the Basanawa variant of Kanji and Kana is called "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字) in Basanawa) The Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is considered as an archaic writing system among Basanawa speakers.
|tree=[[Proto-Indo-European|Indo-European]] 
 Germanic 
  West-Germanic 
   Ingvaeonic 
    [[Low German]]? 
     '''Urban Basanawa'''
|morph=Isolating/Agglutinative~Fusional
|ms=Accusative
|wo=SVO
|creator=[[User:k1234567890y]]
|date=2014
|cals=basanawa
}}

'''Urban Basanawa'''(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ), natively known as '''Saxënspraak'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン語), '''Basakota'''(derived from Rural Basanawa), '''Burgbasa''' or '''Burgspraak''', is a West-Germanic (constructed) language belonging to the Indo-European language family, it is an [[:wikipedia:en:Ingvaeonic languages|Ingvaeonic language]](or a North Sea Germanic language) and is very close to English(in terms of basic words), it is spoken on another planet called "Dë Niuland"(also called "Dë Niuwerld", Basanawa-dji: だ新世界), as the speakers were accidentally transferred by a wormhole to "Dë Niuland".

Urban Basanawa is one of the two language of the Detch people(or Deetch people), the other is [[Rural Basanawa]], more than 70% of the Detch people speak Urban Basanawa as their native tongue.

Like English, Yiddish and Wymysorys, Urban Basanawa is a west-germanic language with a large amount of loanwords.

Urban Basanawa developed from Old Saxon, but the inflection system has been greatly reduced; There are many loanwords from Slavic languages(Mainly a language closely related to Polish, perhaps a dialect of Polish), Malay and Japanese, also, due to the influence of Japanese, and being isolated from other germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't use Latin or Ancient Greek as its source of academic terms.

Despite not being an Anglo-Frisian language, many words of Urban Basanawa are pronunced the same or similar to their English cognates, like feet("feet", pronunciation /fi:t/), fish("fish", pronunciation /fiʃ/), bring("to bring", pronunciation /briŋ/), green("green", pronunciation /gri:n/); but some words are pronunced differently from their English cognates, like ook("eye", pronunciation /u:x/), eggë("edge", pronunciation /ek/), etë("to eat", pronunciation /e:t/); also, there are words which are false friends to their English cognates, for example, deer("animal", pronunciation /di:r/, cognate to English "deer"), selfish("private", pronunciation /selfiʃ/, cognate to English "selfish" but with very different meanings to its English cognates), sood("to prove", pronunciation /su:t/, cognate to English "soothe").

It is thought that [[Toka na Musume]], a language of anime-girl-like girls, is derived from Urban Basanawa, or a creolized form of Urban Basanawa.

The name "[[Basanawa]]" is shared by two languages spoken by the Detch people, one is an Ingvaeonic West Germanic language, called "Urban Basanawa"; the other is an Malayic Malay-Polynesian language, called "[[Rural Basanawa]]", what is introduced in this article, is the "Urban Basanawa" language. Despite sharing the name and used by the same ethnic group, "Urban Basanawa" and "Rural Basanawa" belong to two unrelated language families.

==Origin of words==
Urban Basanawa is a language with a large quantity of loanwords, the source of words is various, and many(if not most) of them are of non-european origin. It is said that most classical languagew of Eurasia of our word, including Classical Chinese(mainly via Japanese), Sanskrit(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Arabic(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Latin and Ancient Greek have all contributed some words to Urban Basanawa.

Despite having numerous loanwords, Urban Basanawa is certainly a west Germanic language close to [[English]], [[Low German]] and [[Frisian]], and most of its grammatical structures and functional words are of Germanic origin.

===Germanic===
Urban Basanawa is a germanic language, it evolves from Old Saxon, most germanic words in Urban Basanawa are inherited from Old Saxon(through sound changes), thus, Urban Basanawa could be seen as a dialect of Low German, but the merger between front rounded vowel into their unrounded counterparts, the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/(Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/ have become /ai/ and /au/ respectively in Urban Basanawa), the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/(the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/, and the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/ have made some Urban Basanawa words sound like their English or Standard German cognates), the preservation of the distinction between Old Saxon short /o/ and /u/, lexical differences(Besides loanwords, semantic shift of native words can also create obstacles in communication) and grammatical changes(Urban Basanawa has lost all nominal cases, and has also lost the germanic V2 order, becoming a SVO language, also, adjectival inflections in Urban Basanawa have also become unproductive and fossilized) can hinder the mutual intelligibility between Urban Basanawa and Low German dialects.

Unlike Low German dialects, the distinction between short /o/ and /u/ of Old Saxon is still maintained in Urban Basanawa.

Besides words that are inherited from Old Saxon, some germanic-origin words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed, some of them are early borrowings borrowed from other germanic dialects in Old Saxon Period, some others are borrowed later indirect through Slavic languages or Japanese, which created some doublets:

* land("land", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - lond("owned land, owned field, property", a slavic borrowing)
* ring("ring", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - rinek("market", a slavic borrowing)
* shirt("apron", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - shatzu("shirt", a japanese borrowing)

Although Urban Basanawa has borrowed kinship terms from Japanese, kinship terms of germanic origin are actually still used in daily communications, also, the pronominal system of Urban Basanawa is still germanic, not influenced by other languages.

===Austronesian===
Urban Basanawa has some from Malay-Indonesian and other Austronesian languages, many Sanskrit(including the word "Basa") and Arabic terms are also borrowed indirectly through Austronesian languages, it is thought that Austronesian languages(mainly Malay-Indonesian) were probably substratums among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

===Slavic===
Urban Basanawa has words from slavic languages, especially Polish and/or Polish-like languages(words borrowed from other slavic languages also exist), before Urban Basanawa speakers started to adopt Japanese, a Polish-like slavic language was served as the superstratum among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

Besides some lexical words, many proper nouns in Urban Basanawa are influenced by slavic languages, for example, some village names are ended with -vitze, which is considered to be from Polish -wice, also, many given names are of Slavic origin, and there are even non-slavic-origin family names ended with -ski(for example, Umeski).

The existence of slavic words may indicte that the direct ancestor of Urban Basanawa(before the speakers being accidentally transferred) was spoken in Poland(of our world) in Middle Ages.

Slavic words for animals are also used as euphemisms by hunters, fishers and butchers speaking Urban Basanawa, as they consider germanic names of animals will bring bad luck when these words are referred in hunting/fishing.

===Greek and Latin-Romance===
Ancient Greek and Latin are much less important among Urban Basanawa speakers than they are in most parts of Europe, compared to other Germanic languages(and most other languages originate from Europe of our world), Urban Basanawa has less influence from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages, most words from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages in Urban Basanawa were borrowed in the Old Saxon period or earlier, or indirectly through other languages.

===Japanese and Chinese===
It is known that Japanese culture has a profound impact on Urban Basanawa-speakers, so Japanese language(Modern Japanese) also has significant influence on Urban Basanawa, Japanese lexicon, especially Sino-japanese ones, is used as a source for academic terms in Urban Basanawa, many modern concepts in Urban Basanawa are from Japanese, Urban Basanawa speakers has even adopted Japanese kana and kanji to write Urban Basanawa.

Japanese people never ruled or colonized the Urban Basanawa speakers, but Japanese was seen as a superior language by Urban Basanawa speakers; also, as some Japanese words are very common in Urban Basanawa, it is supposed that Japanese may also served as an substratum in an earlier stage.

Most of the Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, but there are Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa that are not borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, some of them are borrowed through Malay-Indonesian but others are probably not. Below are some supposed Sinitic words that are not from Sino-Japanese words:
* lobak - radish(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lonkang - drain(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lomuwa~loma - gangster
* bulahi~blahi - whitebait

===Ainu Itak===
There are also some words originating from Ainu, below are some examples:

* tunackai /tu'nakai/ "reindeer" - from Ainu ''tunakkay''
* mossir /'mosir/ "land, region, island" - from Ainu ''mosir''
* tchisse /'tʃise/ "shelter, house" - from Ainu ''cise''
* kamui /'kamui/ "anglic god-like spirit" - from Ainu ''kamuy''
* kamuimossir "paradise, heaven, land of god" - from Ainu ''kamuymosir''

===Calquing in Urban Basanawa===
Besides direct borrowings, calquing is also common to form new words in Urban Basanawa:

* '''handsack/手袋''' /'hantsak/ "glove" - from '''hand/手''' /'hant/ "hand" + '''sack/袋''' /'sak/ "bag,sack", calquing Japanese '''てぶくろ/手袋''' "glove"
* '''weidkind/茸''' /'we:tkint/ "mushroom" - from '''weid/木''' /'we:t/ "wood" + '''kind/子''' /'kint/ "child", calquing Japanese '''キノコ/茸''' "mushroom"
* '''gardfogel/鶏''' /'gartfogəl/ "chicken"<ref>however, it is possible that '''gardfogel''' is not a calque of Japanese '''にわとり''', as the term '''gardfogel''' has been common when Urban Basanawa speakers started to systemically borrow Japanese words</ref> - from '''gard/庭/園''' /'gart/ "garden" + '''fogel/鳥''' /'fogəl/ "bird", calquing Japanese '''にわとり/鶏''' "chicken"
* '''potding/鍋物''' /'potdiŋ/ "hot pot, nabemono", calquing Japanese '''なべもの/鍋物''' "hot pot, nabemono"

==Phonology==
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Consonants
|-
! !! Labials !! Alveolars !! Postalveolars/ Palatals !! Velars/ Glottals
|-
! Nasals
| m || n || || ŋ
|-
! Plosives
| p b || t d || || k g
|-
! Affricates
| || ts dz || tʃ dʒ ||
|-
! Fricatives
| f v || s || ʃ || x~h
|-
! Sonorants
| || r l || j || w
|}
* /v/ is actually the labiodental approximant [ʋ] rather than the labiodental fricative [v] in the actual speech of many speakers.
* /dz/ is sometimes realized as [z]
* /ŋ/ is only contrastive with /n/ at the end of a word, in other places, /ŋ/ is an allophone of /n/ before velars.
* /h/ is pronunced as [x] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a non-front consonant; /h/ is pronunced as [ç] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a front consonant
* the contrast between /p/ and /b/, /t/ and /d/, and /k/ and /g/ is in fact a contrast between fortis and lenis plosives, rather than a contrast between voiceless and voiced plosives, or a contrast between aspirated and non-aspirated plosives.
* /b/, /d/, /g/, /dz/, /dʒ/, /v/ are neutralized respectively with /p/, /t/, /k/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /f/ word-finally.

===Vowels===
Like English and Yiddish, but unlike other Germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't have front rounded vowels, the vowel system of Urban Basanawa is more similar to that of Spanish or Japanese:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+vowels
|-
! !! front || central !! back
|-
! high
| i i: || || u u:
|-
! mid
| e e: || ə || o o:
|-
! low
| || a a:
|}

* In some dialects, the actual pronunciations of the short vowels /i e a o u/ are [ɪ ɛ ɐ ɔ ʊ]

===Sound Changes from Old Saxon to Urban Basanawa===
Although Urban Basanawa has numerous borrowings, and most of them are from non-european languages, most common words and most words used in everyday speech are inherent from Old Saxon, which clearly shows that Urban Basanawa is a West-Germanic language, and as Urban Basanawa has evolved for a long time from Old Saxon, there are certainly some sound changes.

Rules listed below might not be correct, and may not be the complete list. Some of the sound changes coincide with those happened in other Low German dialects, others are peculiar to Urban Basanawa.

Most sound changes of Stage I occured when people who spoke the ancestor languages of Urban Basanawa(persumbly Old Saxon and Middle Low German dialects) were still live in our world, and most sound changes of Stage II occured after they arrived "De Niuland".

Stage I

* i:a > e:
* io > e:
* iu > y:(?) or ie(?) > i:

* ao,aw,auw > ɔ:
* a:o > a:w
* a:i > a:i
* iuw > iu
* euw > eu
* ei,e:i > i:
* e:o,e:w > e:
* V[-stressed](especially when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)(however, this rule is controversial)
* wu > wo
* a > o / _ld (before final consonant devoicing)

* Open syllable lengthening:
** a > ɑ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** o,u,au > ɔ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** e,i > ɛ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** ø,y > œ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables

* V[-stressed] > ə
* V:[-stressed] > V

* θ,(ð) > d (before final consonant devoicing)

* C > C[-voice] / _#(final consonant devoicing)

* Unronding of front rounded vowels(this sound change probably occured much later, but it certainly occurred before the earliest writing record):
** y: > i:
** ø: > e:
** y > i
** ø > e
** œ: > ɛ:
** e: > ei / !_[t,d,θ,ð,r,x~h](uncertain)
** o: > ou / !_[t,d,θ,ð,r,x~h](uncertain)

Stage II

* V: > V / _C(ə)R(R is an resonant /m n l r/, especially before /dər/)(this happens before the diphthongization of vowels and the raising of long vowels; moreover, in certain words, the process was undone due to morphological levelling)

* C: > C

* diphthongization of vowels:
** i:,a:i > ai
** u:,a:w > au
** o:i > oi
** eu,iu > iu

* raising of long vowels:
** ɑ:,a: > a:
** e: (>ei) > i:
** o: (>ou) > u:
** ɛ(:) > e(:)
** ɔ(:) > o(:)

* z > s / #_

* h > Ø / V_V(this sound change probably occured much earlier)

* ə > Ø / _#

there are some irregularities among words, the emergence of these irregularities were probably due to dialect mixing and dialect levelling at some earlier stages of Urban Basanawa:


* Old Saxon ''sumar'' > Urban Basanawa ''summer/夏'' /sumər/ "summer" (the expected form would be *''sommer'' /somər/, it is possible that it changed to summer by analogy of the semantically related word ''sun'' "sun", possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''thiudisk'' > Urban Basanawa ''detch'' /detʃ/ and ''deetch'' /di:tʃ/ (the expected form would be *''daitch'' /daitʃ/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or it was remodelled after the related Old Saxon word thīod or its descendants before the formation of Urban Basanawa)
* Old Saxon ''duru'' > Urban Basanawa ''door/扉'' /du:r/ "door" (the expected form ''dore/扉'' /do:r/ also exists, which created a pair of doublets /do:r/ and /du:r/, it is possible that the emergence of doublet in this word and some other words was due to dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''wika'' > Urban Basanawa ''week/週'' /wi:k/ "week" (the expected form would be *''weik'' /we:k/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing. or modelled after the Old Saxon word wēk "weak")
* Old Saxon *''butera''(speculated form, deduced from Proto (west) Germanic *''buterô'') > Urban Basanawa ''butter/ブッタル'' /butər/ "butter" (the expected form would be *''botter'', possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or actually evolved through the sound change "V[-stressed](especiall when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_C(R is an resonant /m n l r/)" regularly)
* Old Saxon ''hert'' > Urban Basanawa ''hart/心'' /hart/ "heart" (the expected form would be *''hert'' /hert/)

possible irregular words:

* Old Saxon ''frī'' > Urban Basanawa ''free/自由い'' /fri:/ "free" (the expected word would be *''frai'' */frai/ or *''frei'' */fre:/, but it is possible that it was actually a regular sound change modelled after certain forms of adjectives, or modelled after ''dree'', ''free''(the verb evolved regularly from Old Saxon ''frīohon'') or was an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
*words that are subject of the rule "i,u[-stressed] > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)":
** Old Saxon ''bilith'' > Urban Basanawa ''bild/図/像'' /bilt/ "picture, image" (the expected word would be *''beld'' */belt/, it is possible that the form *''bilthi'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''miluk'' > Urban Basanawa ''milk/乳/ミルク'' /milk/ "milk" (the expected word would be *''melk'' */melk/, it is possible that the form *''milk'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''kirikǭ'' > Urban Basanawa ''kirk/教会'' /kirk/ "church" (the expected word would be *''kerk'' /kerk/, it is possible that the form *kirkǭ also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''siluvar'' > Urban Basanawa ''silver/銀'' /silvər/ "silver" (the expected word would be *''selver'' /selvər/, it is possible that the form *''silvar'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)

==Writing systems==
There are several ways to write Urban Basanawa. two of them are introduced below:

===Roman Script/Oldwriting===
The Roman Script for Urban Basanawa, also called the "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Urban Basanawa, is a way to write Urban Basanawa. Roman Script never became widespread among the Detch people, and it has become obsolete, but for the sake of the readers, most Urban Basanawa contents in this article will be written using Roman Scripts.

*A - /a/
*AA - /a:/
*A$Ë - /a:/
*AI - /ai/
*AU - /au/
*B - /b/
*BB - /b/
*CH - /x/
*CK - /k/
*D - /d/
*DD - /d/
*DJ - /dʒ/
*DZ - /dz~z/
*E - /e/
*Ë - /ə/, if it ends a word and is not followed by any consonant, it is silent
*EE - /i:/
*EI - /e:/
*E$Ë - /e:/
*F - /f/
*G - /g/
*GG - /g/
*H - /h/
*I - /i/
*IE - /i:/
*I$Ë - /ai/
*K - /k/
*L - /l/
*M - /m/
*N - /n/
*O - /o/
*OO - /u:/
*OU - /o:/
*OW - /o:/
*O$Ë - /o:/
*P - /p/
*PP - /p/
*R - /r/
*S - /s/
*SS - /s/
*SH - /ʃ/
*T - /t/
*TT - /t/
*TZ - /ts/
*TCH - /tʃ/
*U - /u/
*U$Ë - /au/
*UË - /u:/
*UU - /u:/
*V - /v/
*W - /w/
*WR - /vr/
*Y - /j/(as a consonant),/ai/(as a vowel)

Note:
# $ represents any single consonant
# A, E, O are lengthened to /a:/,/e:/,/o:/ in open syllables
# Ë is not used in actual manuscripts of Urban Basanawa.

===Kanji and Kana===
Urban Basanawa is highly influenced by the Japanese language, and the Detch people have even adopted Japanese Kanji and Kana to write Urban Basanawa, Kanji and Kana for Urban Basanawa has become the most widespread way to write Urban Basanawa among the Detch people.

The Kanji and Kana system used to write Urban Basanawa is called the "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字), the Kanji part is called 漢字(Oldwriting: Kandji) in Urban Basanawa, the Kana part is called 仮名(Oldwriting: Kana) in Urban Basanawa.

====Reading of Kandjis in Urban Basanawa====
Like Japanese Kanji, there are several ways to read Basanawa kandji of Basanawa-dji: 音読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: On-lesing), 訓読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Kun-lesing), 混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Mixed-lesing) and 熟字訓(Oldwriting: Djukudjikun), they are similar to the Japanese On'yomi, Kun'yomi, Mixed readings and Special readings.

=====音読えせぃんﾟ(On-lesing)=====
The '''On-lesing''', the Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a Sino-Japanese word, all On-lesings are borrowed from Japanese On'yomi.

The On-lesing of many words in Urban basanawa are pronunced almost the same as the On'yomi of their Japanese counterparts.

More formal or academic terms are more likely to use On-lesing; while more informal or daily terms are more likely to use Kun-lesing, but there are exceptions.

Example of On-lesings(kandji - On-lesing pronunciation - meaning):

* 音楽 - /ongaku/ - "music"
* 科学 - /kagaku/ - "science"
* 生物学 - /se:butsugaku/ - "biology"
* 地質学 - /tʃiʃitsugaku/ - "geology"
* 予算 - /josan/ - "budget"
* 細胞 - /saibo:/ - "cell(biology)"
* 証明書 - /ʃo:me:ʃo:/ - "certificate"
* 学校 - /gakko:/ - "school"
* 廃墟 - /haikijo/ - "ruin"
* 報酬 - /ho:ʃu:/ - "reward"
* 責任 - /sekinin/ - "responsibility"
* 気体 - /kitai/ - "gas"
* 工場 - /ko:dʒo:/ - "factory"
* 魔法 - /maho:/ - "magic"
* 少女 - /ʃo:dʒo/ - "girl"
* 経済 - /ke:dzai/ - "economy"
* 博士 - /hakuʃi/ - "doctor(one with a doctorate degree)"
* 割引 - /waribiki/ - "discount"
* 国家 - /kokka/ - "country"

however, not every pronunciation from Japanese is seen as a On-lesing, a pronunciation that is from the Yamatokotoba of Japanese is seen as a Kunn-lesing in Urban Basanawa.

=====訓読えせぃんﾟ(Kun-lesing)=====
The '''Kun-lesing''', the non-Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a non-Sino-Japanese word, or '''Landsword'''(Basanawa-dji: 国詞), that closely approximated the meaning of the Chinese character when it was introduced. As with On-lesing, there can be multiple Kun-lesing for the same kandji, and some kandji have no Kun-lesing at all.

Most of the Kun-lesings are of Germanic origin and are inherited from Old Saxon rather than borrowed, and many of them are basic words used in everyday speeech, which reflects the fact that Urban Basanawa is actually a west-Germanic language despite not using writing systems common to other Germanic languages, those Germanic-origin words inherited from Old Saxon are sometimes called '''Saxënword'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン詞). All Saxënwords are Landswords, but not all Landswords are Saxënwords, as Landswords contain words of Austronesian origin, words of Slavic origin, and words of other origins.

Example of Kun-lesings(kandji - Kun-lesing pronunciation - meaning):
* 西 - /'west/ - "west"
* 北 - /'nort/ - "north"
* 屋 - /'haus/ - "house"
* 橋 - /'brik/ - "bridge"
* 馬 - /'ros/ - "horse"
* 山 - /'berx/ - "mountain"
* 朝 - /'morgən/ - "morning"
* 夜 - /'naxt/ - "night"
* 日 - /'sun/ - "sun"
* 日 - /'dax/ - "day"
* 病 - /'ba:n/ - "disease"
* 鬼 - /'gi:st/ - "ghost"
* 魚 - /'fiʃ/ - "fish(general term)"
* 魚 - /'riba/ - "fish(euphemism used by fishers and anglers)"
* 畑 - /'felt/ - "field"
* 田 - /'sa:wa/ - "paddy field"
* 鶏 - /'manuk/ - "chicken"
* 綿 - /'kapuk/ - "cotton"
* 帝 - /'radʒa/ - "emperor, raja"
* 薬 - /'lek/ - "medicine(substance for curing), drug"
* 壺 - /'dzbanek/ - "jug"
* 蛸 - /'tako/ - "octopus"
* 猫 - /'neko/ - "cat"
* ときめき - /tokimeki/ - "crush(feeling of love)"
* 萌え - /'moe/ - "crush(feeling of love, especially to a cutie), cute(especially for a lovely girl)"
* 食えいと - /'e:t/ - "to eat"
* 見えい - /'se:/ - "to see"
* 見いんど - /'fint/ - "to find"
* 作く - /'ma:k/ - "to make"
* 送ど - /'sent/ - "to send"
* 費ど - /'spent/ - "to spend"
* 老ど - /'olt/ - "old"
* 他る - /'odər/ - "other"
* 大と - /'gru:t/ - "great, large, big"
* 生う - /'ro:/ - "raw"
* 大い - /'vilki/ - "large"
* 海星 - /'si:ster/ - "starfish"

=====混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Mixëd-lesing)=====
There are kandji compounds that use a mixture of On-lesing and Kun-lesing, they are known as '''Mixëd-lesing'''.

=====義訓(Gikun)/熟字訓(Djukudjikun)=====
'''Gikun''' and '''Djukudjikun''' are readings of kandji combinations that have no direct correspondence to the characters' individual On-lesing or Kun-lesing, but rather are connected with their meaning.

Example of Gikun/Djukudjikun(kandji - Gikun/Djukudjikun pronunciation - meaning):
* 兵器 - /'wa:pən/ - "weapon"
* 飛行 - /'fle:x/ - "flight"
* 結婚式 - /'svadba/ - "wedding ceremony"
* 精神 - /'gi:st/ - "spirit"
* 聖書 - /al'kitap/ - "The Bible"
* 玻璃 - /'glas/ - "glass"
* 教会 - /'kirk/ - "church"
* 子牛 - /'kalf/ - "calf(of a cow)"
* 地獄 - /'hel/ - "hell"
Due to the fact that Germanic languages have phonological and semantic structures different from that of Chinese languages or Japanese, and that there are considerable amounts loanwords of Slavic and Austronesian origin in Urban Basanawa, it is believed that the proportion of Gikun and Djukudjikun in Urban Basanawa is higher than that in Japanese.

==Grammar==
Being a germanic language, it shares many common structures with English, but there are also differences.

===Word Order===
The word order of Urban Basanawa is very similar to English:
*Basic word order: Subject-Verb-Object(SVO)
*Adpositions are prepositions
*Demonstratives and Numerals precede the noun they modify, relative clauses follow the noun they modify, adjectives can precede or follow the noun they modify(prenominal adjectives are more common)
Urban Basanawa does not have V2 order at all, and word order inversion is not used for interrogatives, and Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial yes-no question particle.

===Interrogatives===
In Urban Basanawa, word order inversion is not used for interrogatives:
* Du saast wat? - what did you see?
* Hau du feelst? - how do you feel?

Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial particle for yes-no questions "is-it dat":
* is-it dat it is de haus fon dy tomodatchi? - is it the house of your friend?

"is-it dat" is frequently contracted to "ista".

It is also possible to ask yes-no questions simply by using a raising intonation on a sentence(In Urban Basanawa, like English, declarative sentences usually have a falling intonation):

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

which is equivalent to the following sentence:

* is-it dat Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

Tag question is formed by adding the negation word "ne" to the end of the sentence:

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep, ne? - Noire has fallen in love with Nep-nep, hasn't she?

===Relative clauses===
Relative clauses start with the invariant relativizers dë and dat:
* dë haus, dë is by dë strand, was bocht faif yaars beforë - the house, which is by the beach, was bought five years ago.
* dë musume, dë [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Nepgear|Nepgear]] luëvët, is dë imowto fon Noire - the girl, whom Nepgear loves, is the younger sister of Noire.

dat can also be used to form nominal clauses:
* it is good, dat all kindër kan gaa to gackows. - it is good that all children can go to schools.
* [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] ne kent dat [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Noire|Noire]], dë Megami fon [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Lastation|Lastation]], hat fallën in koi mid iem. - Nep-nep doesn't know that Noire, the Goddess of Lastation, has fallen in love with her.

Unlike most European languages, interrogative words(the so-called relative pronouns) are not used for relative clauses except for relative clauses without antecedents.

===Negation===
negation is formed by using the negation word ''ne'', the word ne precedes the word it negates:

* Leanbox ne hat Megami Kouhosei - Leanbox doesn't have CPU candidates.
* In dë miestze, dë hat fishbeens swimmënd, Uni sheedë mid Nepgear, for Uni dacht, dat Nepgear ne heelëd Noire, dë oneisan fon Uni. - in the place where there are swimming fishbones, Uni broke up with Nepgear, for Uni thought that Nepgear didn't save Noire, Uni's big sister.

ne usually follows an aux verb:

* Nepgear konst ne fërstand, wai Uni weld ne feech ien. - Nepgear couldn't understand why Uni didn't want to join her.

It is supposed that the Urban Basanawa ''ne'' is not directly from Proto-Germanic ''ne'', but rather a contraction of earlier negations.

===Possession===
Possession can be formed by using prepositions, the most common preposition for possession is "fon", if a preposition is used for possession, the possessor follows the possessed:

* dë haus fon dë megami - the goddess's house
* dë wagën fon dy fadër - the car of your father

also, a structure similar to the "His-genitive" in English is also used, where the 3rd singular possessive pronoun "is" is used, if the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is used for possession, the possessor precedes the possessed, the possessive pronoun frequently pronunced as "s" and written as "së" in Oldwriting:

* dë megami së haus/だ女神彼す屋 - /də 'megami s 'haus/ - the goddess's house
* dy faddër së wagën/だ父彼す車 - /dai fadər s 'wagən/ - the car of your father

The "is" in this usage does not influenced by the number of possessor or possessed:

* dë werker së gëreed - /də werkər sə gəri:t/ - the tool of the worker
* dë werker së gëreeds - /də werkər sə gəri:ts/ - the tools of the worker
* dë werkers së gëreed - /də werkərs sə gəri:t/ - the tool of the workers
* dë werkers së gëreeds - /də werkərs sə gəri:ts/ - the tools of the workers

the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is standard in Urban Basanawa.

there was an genitive case suffix -s, but the genitive -s suffix has fallen out of use and has become a derivative affix used for some compounds.

===Noun===
Nouns has lost the distinction between genders and cases, but it still has the distinction between singular and plural forms.

there are different types of nouns: s-nouns, n-nouns, r-nouns, umlaut-nouns.

the plural form of a s-noun is formed by adding the -s/-ës(the -s form is used when the noun is ended with vowels, liquids or /n/, otherwise the -ës is used) suffix to the end of the noun, it seems that most nouns belong to this class:

*man("man") - mans(the plural form of man can also be men or mennër)
*fingër("finger") - fingërs
*boom("tree") - boomës
*fish("fish") - fishës
*ring("ring") - ringës
*dag("day") - dagës
*maud("mouth") - maudës

the plural form of a n-noun is formed by adding the -n/-ën suffix to the end of the noun:

*oog("eye") - oogën
*erd("earth") - erdën

the plural form of a r-noun is formed by adding the -r/-ër suffix to the end of the noun, and the stem vowel may undergo umlaut:

*lamb("lamb") - lembër
*kalf("calf") - kelvër
*kind("child") - kindër

the plural form of a umlaut-noun is formed by changing the stem vowel:

*foot("foot") - feet
*book("book") - beek
*kau("cow") - kai
*maus("mouse") - mais
*gast("guest") - gest
*burg("city") - birg

Plural forms are not obliged in Urban Basanawa, and in colloquial speech it is common to use singular forms in place of plural forms.

===Verb===
Verbs conjugate according to tense-aspect-moods.

Verbs have infinitive, present, past, present participle, past participle forms, in earlier forms of Urban Basanawa, the infinitive form of a verb ends with -ën, but the -ën ending has been dropped, and they are identical to the present form in almost every case(some verbs still maintain different infinitive forms), the infinitive form ending in -ën is largely considered as an archaic form.

as most germanic languages, Urban Basanawa verbs can be devided into two classes: strong verb and weak verb.

the past tense of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d/-t to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel if it is a strong verb

the present participle of a verb, no matter it is a strong or weak verb, is formed by adding -ënd to the end of the infinitive form.

the past participle of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d/-t to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel and then adding -ën to the end if it is a strong verb, in more archaic or some dialectical usages, the prefix gë- is used for past participle forms also.

some examples are shown below:

Strong verb:
* Nep-nep etët gohan - [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] eats a meal
* Nep-nep is etënd gohan/Nep-nep is an (dë) etë gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep doot etënd gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep atët gohan - Nep-nep ate a meal
* Nep-nep hat etën gohan - Nep-nep has eaten a meal

Weak verb:
* hi makët rings - he/she makes ring.
* hi is makënd rings/hi is an (dë) makë rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi doot makënd rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi makëd rings - he/she made rings.
* hi hat makëd rings - he/she has made rings.

Like English, infinitives of Urban Basanawa can be preceded by the particle "to", but the to-infinitive is not frequently used in some dialects of Urban Basanawa.

In Urban Basanawa, the verbal noun of a verb is formed by using the -ing suffix, also, in many strong verbs, the verbal noun can be formed by simply applying the ablaut of the stem:

* (to) makë("to make") - mak'''ing'''("act of making")
* (to) s'''i'''ng ("to sing") - s'''a'''ng/sing'''ing'''("act of singing")
* (to) f'''i'''nd ("to find") - f'''a'''nd/find'''ing'''("act of finding")

however, ablaut forms are largely fossilized in Urban Basanawa, and the -ing forms are more common even for strong verbs.

the usage of verbal nouns in Urban Basanawa is similar to that of English:

* warding folks is en megami is shigoto. - protecting people is the job of a goddess.
* drinking alë smertët eener is rau - drinking beers harms one's body.

-ing forms cannot be used for present particles, and present particles cannot be used for gerunds, so the sentences below are incorrect:
* *hi is making rings(the correct form is "hi is makënd rings" or "hi is an (dë) makë rings")
* *drinkënd alë smertët eener is rau(the correct form is "drinking alë smert eener is rau")

====Agreements====
present:
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -st*/-est
*3rd person singular: -t*/-et(same as 1st person singular in modal verbs )
*plural: -t*/-et(-en in modal verbs)

preterite(past tense, agreement suffixes added after the past tense suffix -ëd in weak verbs):
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -est
*3rd person singular: -
*plural: -en

Note: forms with * are used for verbs ending in vowels.

the verb "wese"("to be") and "have"("to have") have irregular forms:

"wese"("to be"):
present:
*1st person singular: bin
*2nd person singular: bist
*3rd person singular: is
*plural: sind

preterite:
*1st person singular: was
*2nd person singular: weer
*3rd person singular: was
*plural: warn

"have"("to have"):
present:
*1st person singular: have
*2nd person singular: hast
*3rd person singular: hat~haft
*plural: have

preterite:
*1st person singular: had
*2nd person singular: haddest
*3rd person singular: had
*plural: hadden

====Copula====
* infinitive: wesë
* present: is
* past: was
* past particle: wesën
In Colloquial usage, copulae can be omitted, especially the present copula "is":
* dat man en ribanik - that man is a fisher.
* dat ovët sweet - the fruit is sweet.

====Strong verbs====
Like other germanic languages, there are strong verbs in Urban Basanawa, and they follow certain patterns to produce different forms, although there are anomalies in strong verbs, making the patterns less regular.

Besides these patterns of stem vowel changes, the past participle forms of strong verbs require an -ën/-あ*ん(あ* is an A-dan kana where the consonant corresponds the ending consonant of the infinitive/present form of the verb it attaches to) ending.

The stem vowel of different classes of strong verbs are listed below(arranged in the form of "Present Tense - Past Tense - Past Participle"):

In Oldwriting：
* Class I: i$ë - ie$ - i$($)*
* Class II: au/ee - oo - o
* Class III:
** i - a - u
** e - a - o
* Class IV: e - a - o
* Class V: e/i - a - e
* Class VI: a - oo - a
* Class VII*:
** a/o - e/(ee/ie) - a/o
** aa/oo - ee - a/o

In Basanawa-dji:
* Class I: あい - いい - い
* Class II: あう/いい - うう - お
* Class III:
** い - あ - う
** え - あ - お
* Class IV: えい - ああ - お
* Class V:
** えい - ああ - え
** い - あ - え
* Class VI: あ/ああ - うう - あ
* Class VII*:
** あ/お - え/(いい) - あ/お
** ああ/おう - いい - あ/お

Note:
# In General, in Class VII strong verbs, if the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short; if the stem vowel of the present tense form is long, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also long; however, in the past tense forms of some Class VII strong verbs, while the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short, although in these verbs, there are usually more regular alternatives.
# The $ in the Class I strong verb pattern is a single consonant letter in Oldwriting.

===Adjective===
Like English, adjectives in the standard form don't agree with nouns they modify in Urban Basanawa, however, in archaic usages, attributive adjectives are ended with -ë:

* en goodë dag - 一ん良だ日 - a good day
* goodë dagës - 良だ日す - good days
* dë goodë dag - だ良だ日 - the good day
* dë goodë dagës - だ良だ日す - the good days

predicative adjectives, however, don't take the -ë ending:

* fondag is good - 今日いす良で - today is good

Adjectives of Germanic origin have comparative and superlative forms:
*comparative: -ër
*superlative: -ëst

for example:

* fondag is heet - 今日いす暑と - today is hot
* fondag is heetër dan gestërn - 今日いす暑たるだん昨日 - today is hotter than yesterday
* fondag is dë heetëst dag in dis yaar - 今日いすだ暑たすと日中ん此年 - today is the hottest day in this year

These forms are sometimes used on adjectives of non-Germanic origins, but its use is largely restricted to Germanic adjectives.

Due to the large amount of Japanese words in Urban Basanawa, there are also na-adjectives in Urban Basanawa. In Urban Basanawa, all na-adjectives are ended with -na(-な) or -no(-の), the -na(-な) and -no(-の) are dropped when these adjectives are used predicatively:

* en okubiyow-na kuroneko - 一ん臆病な黒猫 - a timid black-cat.
* dë kuroneko is okubiyow - だ黒猫いす臆病 - the black-cat is timid.

the -no(-の) ending can also be used for possessive adjectives.

==Words==
===Pronouns===

====personal pronouns====
Pronouns have cases, but the usage of subject pronouns is declining, and many dialects don't use subject pronouns at all.

1st person singular:
*subject: ik(吾)
*object: mi(我)
*genitive: my/minë(我い/我ん)

2nd person singular:
*subject: du(汝)
*object: di(爾)
*genitive: dy/dinë(爾い/爾ん)

3rd person singular:
*subject it(彼と)(inanimate)/hi(彼)(animate)
*object: it(彼と)(inanimate)/ien(彼ん)(animate)
*genitive: is(彼す)

1st person plural:
*subject: wi(我等)
*object: us(我等す)
*genitive: aus/ur~aur(我等す/我等る)
*subject/object(in some dialects): mi allër(generic or exclusive)/yumi(inclusive, from yu+mi)

2nd person plural:
*subject: yi(汝等)
*object: yu(爾等)
*genitive: yur(爾等る)

3rd person plural:
*subject/object: allër/sie(彼等)
*genitive: ier(彼等る)

reflexive: self(己)(also used with the genitive form of other pronouns)

for some personal pronouns, there were emphatic forms:

1st person singular:
*object: my

2nd person singular:
*subject: dau
*object: dy

1st person plural:
*object: aus

====demonstratives====

*this: dis/dit(此)
*that: dat(彼)
*these: dese(此す)
*those: die(彼い)
*here: hier(ひいる/此る)
*there: daar(だある/彼る)
*the(definite article): dë(だ)

====interrogative pronouns====

*who: wee(誰い)
*what: wat(何と)
*when: wan(何ん)
*where: wor(をる/何る)/war(わる/何る)
*how: hau(はう/何う)
*why: wai/warum(わい/何い)
*which: wilk(ゐるﾟく/何く)
Interrogatives are not used to start relative clauses when there are antecedents.

===Numerals===
# 1: een/en(一)
# 2: twee(二)
# 3: dree(三)
# 4: fier(四)
# 5: faif/fimf(五)
# 6: sex(六)
# 7: sevën(七)
# 8: acht(八)
# 9: negën(九)
# 10: ten(十)
# 11: elvën~elf(十一)
# 12: twelf(十二)
# 13: dreetin(十三)
# 14: fiertin(十四)
# 15: fiftin(十五)
# 16: sextin(十六)
# 17: sevëntin(十七)
# 18: achtin(十八)
# 19: negëntin(十九)
# 20: twentig(二十)
* 30: dreetig(三十)
* 40: fiertig(四十)
* 50: fiftig(五十)
* 60: sextig(六十)
* 70: sevëntig(七十)
* 80: achtig(八十)
* 90: negëntig(九十)
* hundred: hundërd(百)
* thousand: dausënd(千)

* ordinal number marker: -t/-ët(番)

For ordinal numbers, first and second have special forms:
* first: erst(一番)
* second: odër(二番/他る)(also means "other", the regular form "twee-t" is also used)

===Conjunctions===
*when/if: wen(ゑん)
*if: ef(えふ)
*before: bëforë(ば前る/前る)
*after: aftër(後た)
*and: end/en(えん/又ん)
*or: ed/eddë(えだ)
*but: ack(あく)
*then/than: dan(だん)

===Content Words===
====Names of Months====
Urban Basanawa has two set set of names of months, one is Slavic-origin, the other is Japanese-origin, the set of the latin-derived calendar month names used in many western europe languages(like English) is not used in Urban Basanawa:

Japanese-origin:
# January: Mutzuki(睦月)
# February: Kisaragi(如月)
# March: Yayoi(弥生)
# April: Udzuki(卯月)
# May: Satzuki(皐月)/Sanaetzuki(早苗月)
# June: Minadzuki(水無月)
# July: Fumidzuki(文月)
# August: Hadzuki(葉月)
# September: Nagatzuki(長月)
# October: Kannadzuki(神無月)
# November: Shimotzuki(霜月)
# December: Shiwasu(師走)

Slavic-origin:
# January: Stitchen
# February: Luti
# March: Madjetz
# April: kvitchen
# May: Mai
# June: Tchervitz
# July: Lipitz
# August: Sherpin
# September: Vdjeshen
# October: Pazdjernik
# November: Listopat
# December: Grudjen

====Days of a week====
#Monday: maandag(月日)/getzuyowbi(月曜日)
#Tuesday: firedag(火日)/kayowbi(火曜日)
#Wednsday: waterdag(水日)/suiyowbi(水曜日)
#Thursday: wieddag(木日)/mokuyowbi(木曜日)
#Friday: golddag(金日)/kinyowbi(金曜日)
#Saturday: sobota/erddag(土日)/doyowbi(土曜日)*
#Sunday: sundag(日日)/nitchiyowbi(日曜日)
The word "sobota" is the most common term for saturday in Urban Basanawa

====Kinship terms====

*Father: fadër(父)
*Mother: modër(母)

The terms for sibling is rather complex in Urban Basanawa, comparable to that of Hungarian:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:200px; height:200px;"
|+ Siblings terms in Urban Basanawa
|-
!
! older
! younger
! unspecified
|-
! male
| ani(兄) || otowto(弟) || brodër(兄弟)
|-
! female
| ane(姉) || imowto(妹) || swestër(姉妹)
|-
! unspecified
| kakak(兄姉) || adik(弟妹) || gësibb(兄弟姉妹) brodër-swestër(兄弟姉妹) kakak-adik(兄弟姉妹)
|}

that means all the sentences below can be used to mean "Nepgear is the little sister of Nep-nep":
* Nepgear is dë swestër fon Nep-nep(specify the gender, but not the relative age)
* Nepgear is dë adik fon Nep-nep(specify the relative age, but not the gender)
* Nepgear is dë imowto fon Nep-nep(specify both the gender and the relative age)

Kinship terms are ususally borrowing-resistant items of the lexicon of a language, however, it is obvious that there are many Austronesian- and Japanese-derived kinship terms in Urban Basanawa, which may indicate the effect of substrate languages, and Japanese, which is usually seen as a superstratum of Urban Basanawa, may have also played a role as a substratum in the formation of Urban Basanawa.

==Similarities to English and other west-germanic languages==
While talking about things of the everyday life, Urban Basanawa does not differ much from other west germanic languages, except for the writing system:

* dë man is in dë Haus /də man is in də haus/ - だ男いす中んだ屋 - The man is in the house
* du hast twee kau /du hast twi: kau/ - 汝持すと二牛 - you have two cows
* dat is ne dy ball, it is my ball /dat is ne dai bal it is mai bal/ - 彼いす非爾い球、彼といす我い球 - that is not your ball, it is my ball.

Some sentences are even identical or near-identical to their counterparts in other west germanic languages:
* It is good. - /it is gu:t/ - 彼といす良ど - It is good.(similar to its counterpart in English when written in Oldwriting)
* My hand is in warm watër. - /mai hant is in warm watər/ - 我い手いす中ん温む水 - My hand is in warm water.(similar to its counterpart in English and Afrikaans when written in Oldwriting)
* Dat is en hund. - /it is en hunt/ - 彼いす一ん犬 - that is a dog(similar to its counterpart in Low German when written in Oldwriting)

But when it comes to more academic ideas, Urban Basanawa sometimes can be almost completely alien to speakers of other germanic languages:

* Bibunsekibungaku is dë kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku, it doo kenkiyuu bibunhow en sekibunhow /bibunsekibungaku is də kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku it du: kenkju: bibunho: en sekibunho:/ - 微分積分学いすだ基本的な部分ふぉん解析学、彼とどぅう研究微分法又ん積分法 - Calculus is the fundamental part of mathematical analysis, it researches differentiation and integration.

==Example sentences==
(Oldwriting - Basanawa-dji - English translation)
* Nepgear is en kawaii musume, Uni is ook en kawaii musume. - ネプギアいす一ん可愛い娘、ユニいすううく一ん可愛い娘。 - Nepgear is a cute girl, Uni is also a cute girl.
* Noire weepëd an dë svadba fon Nepgear en Uni, for Uni, dë imowto fon Noire, hat wordën dë hanayome fon Nepgear, dë imowto fon Nep-nep. - ノワール泣ぱど在んだ<ruby>結婚式<rp>(</rp><rt>svadba</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>ふぉんネプギア又んユニ、為るユニ、だ妹ふぉんノワール、はと成おるだんだ花嫁ふぉんネプギア、だ妹ふぉんねぷねぷ。 - Noire weeped at the wedding ceremony of Nepgear and Uni, for Uni, the little sister of Noire, has become the bride of Nepgear, the little sister of Nep-nep.

* Bunkatekina mixing en fërbettëring is dë dentow fon dë Urban Basanawa sprekërs. - 文化的な混しんﾟ又ん変る良たりんﾟいすだ伝統ふぉんだばさなわ話者す - Cultural mixing and enhancing is the tradition of the Urban Basanawa speakers.
* en Basa is en howgen mid en guntai en kaigun. - 一ん語いす一ん方言みど一ん軍隊又ん海軍 - A language is a dialect with an Army and Navy(אַ שפּראַך איז אַ דיאַלעקט מיט אַן אַרמיי און פֿלאָט)
* ne neme af my seiraafuku - ね脫む去ふ我いセーラー服 - Don't take off my sailor suit.
* hi saa en Unkenned Fleegend Oogenseinding an dë hemmel - he saw an UFO on the sky.

UDHR Article 1 in Urban Basanawa:
: Oldwriting: All ningen sind born free en gelike in songen en rechts, sie sind geven mid risei en riyowshin, en shallen doo mid en-odder in en geest fon kinnigheid.
: Basanawadji: 全るﾟ人間すぃんど生おるん自由えん同く中ん尊厳えん権す、彼等すぃんど与えわﾟんみど理性えん良心、えんしゃらﾟん為う互るﾟ中ん精神ふぉん親族にきﾟへいど
: Pronunciation: /'al 'ningen sint born fri: en gə'laik in 'soŋgen en 'reçts si: sint 'gevən mit rise: en ri'jo:ʃin en 'ʃalən 'du: mit en'odər in en gi:st fon 'kiniçhe:t/

Lord's prayer in Urban Basanawa:

Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食与うﾟと我等す今日
: 又ん赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えわ゜と我等之負者
: 又ん無率ど我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, geve to us fondag
: en fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergevet ur beshulders
: en ne leed us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho:p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho:p dai 'kiŋdom 'ko:m/
: /'ho:p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik an hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho: p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:vət ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en ne 'li:t us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/

The following Urban Basanawa sentences are same to the corrsponding sentences in some other languages in respect of both written forms and meanings:
* It is good.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English)
* My hand is in warm watër.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English and Afrikaans)
* Dat is en hund.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Low German)
* Oneitchan daisuki(お姉ちゃん大好き) - (when written in "Basanawa-dji", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Japanese)

==Notes==
<references />

[[Category:Germanic conlangs]]
[[Category:A posteriori conlangs]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

Urban Basanawa

2015-04-06T11:19:17Z

K1234567890y: /* Agreements */

{{Infobox
|name=Basanawa ''Basanawa/ばさなわ'' Saxenspraak/サクサン語
|pronounce=/basa'nawa/ / /saksənspra:k/
|tu=
|species=Human
|in=
|no=(unknown)
|script=Latin(the Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is called "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Basanawa) Kanji and Kana(the Basanawa variant of Kanji and Kana is called "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字) in Basanawa) The Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is considered as an archaic writing system among Basanawa speakers.
|tree=[[Proto-Indo-European|Indo-European]] 
 Germanic 
  West-Germanic 
   Ingvaeonic 
    [[Low German]]? 
     '''Urban Basanawa'''
|morph=Isolating/Agglutinative~Fusional
|ms=Accusative
|wo=SVO
|creator=[[User:k1234567890y]]
|date=2014
|cals=basanawa
}}

'''Urban Basanawa'''(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ), natively known as '''Saxënspraak'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン語), '''Basakota'''(derived from Rural Basanawa), '''Burgbasa''' or '''Burgspraak''', is a West-Germanic (constructed) language belonging to the Indo-European language family, it is an [[:wikipedia:en:Ingvaeonic languages|Ingvaeonic language]](or a North Sea Germanic language) and is very close to English(in terms of basic words), it is spoken on another planet called "Dë Niuland"(also called "Dë Niuwerld", Basanawa-dji: だ新世界), as the speakers were accidentally transferred by a wormhole to "Dë Niuland".

Urban Basanawa is one of the two language of the Detch people(or Deetch people), the other is [[Rural Basanawa]], more than 70% of the Detch people speak Urban Basanawa as their native tongue.

Like English, Yiddish and Wymysorys, Urban Basanawa is a west-germanic language with a large amount of loanwords.

Urban Basanawa developed from Old Saxon, but the inflection system has been greatly reduced; There are many loanwords from Slavic languages(Mainly a language closely related to Polish, perhaps a dialect of Polish), Malay and Japanese, also, due to the influence of Japanese, and being isolated from other germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't use Latin or Ancient Greek as its source of academic terms.

Despite not being an Anglo-Frisian language, many words of Urban Basanawa are pronunced the same or similar to their English cognates, like feet("feet", pronunciation /fi:t/), fish("fish", pronunciation /fiʃ/), bring("to bring", pronunciation /briŋ/), green("green", pronunciation /gri:n/); but some words are pronunced differently from their English cognates, like ook("eye", pronunciation /u:x/), eggë("edge", pronunciation /ek/), etë("to eat", pronunciation /e:t/); also, there are words which are false friends to their English cognates, for example, deer("animal", pronunciation /di:r/, cognate to English "deer"), selfish("private", pronunciation /selfiʃ/, cognate to English "selfish" but with very different meanings to its English cognates), sood("to prove", pronunciation /su:t/, cognate to English "soothe").

It is thought that [[Toka na Musume]], a language of anime-girl-like girls, is derived from Urban Basanawa, or a creolized form of Urban Basanawa.

The name "[[Basanawa]]" is shared by two languages spoken by the Detch people, one is an Ingvaeonic West Germanic language, called "Urban Basanawa"; the other is an Malayic Malay-Polynesian language, called "[[Rural Basanawa]]", what is introduced in this article, is the "Urban Basanawa" language. Despite sharing the name and used by the same ethnic group, "Urban Basanawa" and "Rural Basanawa" belong to two unrelated language families.

==Origin of words==
Urban Basanawa is a language with a large quantity of loanwords, the source of words is various, and many(if not most) of them are of non-european origin. It is said that most classical languagew of Eurasia of our word, including Classical Chinese(mainly via Japanese), Sanskrit(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Arabic(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Latin and Ancient Greek have all contributed some words to Urban Basanawa.

Despite having numerous loanwords, Urban Basanawa is certainly a west Germanic language close to [[English]], [[Low German]] and [[Frisian]], and most of its grammatical structures and functional words are of Germanic origin.

===Germanic===
Urban Basanawa is a germanic language, it evolves from Old Saxon, most germanic words in Urban Basanawa are inherited from Old Saxon(through sound changes), thus, Urban Basanawa could be seen as a dialect of Low German, but the merger between front rounded vowel into their unrounded counterparts, the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/(Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/ have become /ai/ and /au/ respectively in Urban Basanawa), the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/(the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/, and the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/ have made some Urban Basanawa words sound like their English or Standard German cognates), the preservation of the distinction between Old Saxon short /o/ and /u/, lexical differences(Besides loanwords, semantic shift of native words can also create obstacles in communication) and grammatical changes(Urban Basanawa has lost all nominal cases, and has also lost the germanic V2 order, becoming a SVO language, also, adjectival inflections in Urban Basanawa have also become unproductive and fossilized) can hinder the mutual intelligibility between Urban Basanawa and Low German dialects.

Unlike Low German dialects, the distinction between short /o/ and /u/ of Old Saxon is still maintained in Urban Basanawa.

Besides words that are inherited from Old Saxon, some germanic-origin words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed, some of them are early borrowings borrowed from other germanic dialects in Old Saxon Period, some others are borrowed later indirect through Slavic languages or Japanese, which created some doublets:

* land("land", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - lond("owned land, owned field, property", a slavic borrowing)
* ring("ring", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - rinek("market", a slavic borrowing)
* shirt("apron", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - shatzu("shirt", a japanese borrowing)

Although Urban Basanawa has borrowed kinship terms from Japanese, kinship terms of germanic origin are actually still used in daily communications, also, the pronominal system of Urban Basanawa is still germanic, not influenced by other languages.

===Austronesian===
Urban Basanawa has some from Malay-Indonesian and other Austronesian languages, many Sanskrit(including the word "Basa") and Arabic terms are also borrowed indirectly through Austronesian languages, it is thought that Austronesian languages(mainly Malay-Indonesian) were probably substratums among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

===Slavic===
Urban Basanawa has words from slavic languages, especially Polish and/or Polish-like languages(words borrowed from other slavic languages also exist), before Urban Basanawa speakers started to adopt Japanese, a Polish-like slavic language was served as the superstratum among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

Besides some lexical words, many proper nouns in Urban Basanawa are influenced by slavic languages, for example, some village names are ended with -vitze, which is considered to be from Polish -wice, also, many given names are of Slavic origin, and there are even non-slavic-origin family names ended with -ski(for example, Umeski).

The existence of slavic words may indicte that the direct ancestor of Urban Basanawa(before the speakers being accidentally transferred) was spoken in Poland(of our world) in Middle Ages.

Slavic words for animals are also used as euphemisms by hunters, fishers and butchers speaking Urban Basanawa, as they consider germanic names of animals will bring bad luck when these words are referred in hunting/fishing.

===Greek and Latin-Romance===
Ancient Greek and Latin are much less important among Urban Basanawa speakers than they are in most parts of Europe, compared to other Germanic languages(and most other languages originate from Europe of our world), Urban Basanawa has less influence from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages, most words from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages in Urban Basanawa were borrowed in the Old Saxon period or earlier, or indirectly through other languages.

===Japanese and Chinese===
It is known that Japanese culture has a profound impact on Urban Basanawa-speakers, so Japanese language(Modern Japanese) also has significant influence on Urban Basanawa, Japanese lexicon, especially Sino-japanese ones, is used as a source for academic terms in Urban Basanawa, many modern concepts in Urban Basanawa are from Japanese, Urban Basanawa speakers has even adopted Japanese kana and kanji to write Urban Basanawa.

Japanese people never ruled or colonized the Urban Basanawa speakers, but Japanese was seen as a superior language by Urban Basanawa speakers; also, as some Japanese words are very common in Urban Basanawa, it is supposed that Japanese may also served as an substratum in an earlier stage.

Most of the Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, but there are Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa that are not borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, some of them are borrowed through Malay-Indonesian but others are probably not. Below are some supposed Sinitic words that are not from Sino-Japanese words:
* lobak - radish(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lonkang - drain(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lomuwa~loma - gangster
* bulahi~blahi - whitebait

===Ainu Itak===
There are also some words originating from Ainu, below are some examples:

* tunackai /tu'nakai/ "reindeer" - from Ainu ''tunakkay''
* mossir /'mosir/ "land, region, island" - from Ainu ''mosir''
* tchisse /'tʃise/ "shelter, house" - from Ainu ''cise''
* kamui /'kamui/ "anglic god-like spirit" - from Ainu ''kamuy''
* kamuimossir "paradise, heaven, land of god" - from Ainu ''kamuymosir''

===Calquing in Urban Basanawa===
Besides direct borrowings, calquing is also common to form new words in Urban Basanawa:

* '''handsack/手袋''' /'hantsak/ "glove" - from '''hand/手''' /'hant/ "hand" + '''sack/袋''' /'sak/ "bag,sack", calquing Japanese '''てぶくろ/手袋''' "glove"
* '''weidkind/茸''' /'we:tkint/ "mushroom" - from '''weid/木''' /'we:t/ "wood" + '''kind/子''' /'kint/ "child", calquing Japanese '''キノコ/茸''' "mushroom"
* '''gardfogel/鶏''' /'gartfogəl/ "chicken"<ref>however, it is possible that '''gardfogel''' is not a calque of Japanese '''にわとり''', as the term '''gardfogel''' has been common when Urban Basanawa speakers started to systemically borrow Japanese words</ref> - from '''gard/庭/園''' /'gart/ "garden" + '''fogel/鳥''' /'fogəl/ "bird", calquing Japanese '''にわとり/鶏''' "chicken"
* '''potding/鍋物''' /'potdiŋ/ "hot pot, nabemono", calquing Japanese '''なべもの/鍋物''' "hot pot, nabemono"

==Phonology==
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Consonants
|-
! !! Labials !! Alveolars !! Postalveolars/ Palatals !! Velars/ Glottals
|-
! Nasals
| m || n || || ŋ
|-
! Plosives
| p b || t d || || k g
|-
! Affricates
| || ts dz || tʃ dʒ ||
|-
! Fricatives
| f v || s || ʃ || x~h
|-
! Sonorants
| || r l || j || w
|}
* /v/ is actually the labiodental approximant [ʋ] rather than the labiodental fricative [v] in the actual speech of many speakers.
* /dz/ is sometimes realized as [z]
* /ŋ/ is only contrastive with /n/ at the end of a word, in other places, /ŋ/ is an allophone of /n/ before velars.
* /h/ is pronunced as [x] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a non-front consonant; /h/ is pronunced as [ç] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a front consonant
* the contrast between /p/ and /b/, /t/ and /d/, and /k/ and /g/ is in fact a contrast between fortis and lenis plosives, rather than a contrast between voiceless and voiced plosives, or a contrast between aspirated and non-aspirated plosives.
* /b/, /d/, /g/, /dz/, /dʒ/, /v/ are neutralized respectively with /p/, /t/, /k/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /f/ word-finally.

===Vowels===
Like English and Yiddish, but unlike other Germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't have front rounded vowels, the vowel system of Urban Basanawa is more similar to that of Spanish or Japanese:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+vowels
|-
! !! front || central !! back
|-
! high
| i i: || || u u:
|-
! mid
| e e: || ə || o o:
|-
! low
| || a a:
|}

* In some dialects, the actual pronunciations of the short vowels /i e a o u/ are [ɪ ɛ ɐ ɔ ʊ]

===Sound Changes from Old Saxon to Urban Basanawa===
Although Urban Basanawa has numerous borrowings, and most of them are from non-european languages, most common words and most words used in everyday speech are inherent from Old Saxon, which clearly shows that Urban Basanawa is a West-Germanic language, and as Urban Basanawa has evolved for a long time from Old Saxon, there are certainly some sound changes.

Rules listed below might not be correct, and may not be the complete list. Some of the sound changes coincide with those happened in other Low German dialects, others are peculiar to Urban Basanawa.

Most sound changes of Stage I occured when people who spoke the ancestor languages of Urban Basanawa(persumbly Old Saxon and Middle Low German dialects) were still live in our world, and most sound changes of Stage II occured after they arrived "De Niuland".

Stage I

* i:a > e:
* io > e:
* iu > y:(?) or ie(?) > i:

* ao,aw,auw > ɔ:
* a:o > a:w
* a:i > a:i
* iuw > iu
* euw > eu
* ei,e:i > i:
* e:o,e:w > e:
* V[-stressed](especially when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)(however, this rule is controversial)
* wu > wo
* a > o / _ld (before final consonant devoicing)

* Open syllable lengthening:
** a > ɑ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** o,u,au > ɔ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** e,i > ɛ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** ø,y > œ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables

* V[-stressed] > ə
* V:[-stressed] > V

* θ,(ð) > d (before final consonant devoicing)

* C > C[-voice] / _#(final consonant devoicing)

* Unronding of front rounded vowels(this sound change probably occured much later, but it certainly occurred before the earliest writing record):
** y: > i:
** ø: > e:
** y > i
** ø > e
** œ: > ɛ:
** e: > ei / !_[t,d,θ,ð,r,x~h](uncertain)
** o: > ou / !_[t,d,θ,ð,r,x~h](uncertain)

Stage II

* V: > V / _C(ə)R(R is an resonant /m n l r/, especially before /dər/)(this happens before the diphthongization of vowels and the raising of long vowels; moreover, in certain words, the process was undone due to morphological levelling)

* C: > C

* diphthongization of vowels:
** i:,a:i > ai
** u:,a:w > au
** o:i > oi
** eu,iu > iu

* raising of long vowels:
** ɑ:,a: > a:
** e: (>ei) > i:
** o: (>ou) > u:
** ɛ(:) > e(:)
** ɔ(:) > o(:)

* z > s / #_

* h > Ø / V_V(this sound change probably occured much earlier)

* ə > Ø / _#

there are some irregularities among words, the emergence of these irregularities were probably due to dialect mixing and dialect levelling at some earlier stages of Urban Basanawa:


* Old Saxon ''sumar'' > Urban Basanawa ''summer/夏'' /sumər/ "summer" (the expected form would be *''sommer'' /somər/, it is possible that it changed to summer by analogy of the semantically related word ''sun'' "sun", possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''thiudisk'' > Urban Basanawa ''detch'' /detʃ/ and ''deetch'' /di:tʃ/ (the expected form would be *''daitch'' /daitʃ/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or it was remodelled after the related Old Saxon word thīod or its descendants before the formation of Urban Basanawa)
* Old Saxon ''duru'' > Urban Basanawa ''door/扉'' /du:r/ "door" (the expected form ''dore/扉'' /do:r/ also exists, which created a pair of doublets /do:r/ and /du:r/, it is possible that the emergence of doublet in this word and some other words was due to dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''wika'' > Urban Basanawa ''week/週'' /wi:k/ "week" (the expected form would be *''weik'' /we:k/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing. or modelled after the Old Saxon word wēk "weak")
* Old Saxon *''butera''(speculated form, deduced from Proto (west) Germanic *''buterô'') > Urban Basanawa ''butter/ブッタル'' /butər/ "butter" (the expected form would be *''botter'', possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or actually evolved through the sound change "V[-stressed](especiall when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_C(R is an resonant /m n l r/)" regularly)
* Old Saxon ''hert'' > Urban Basanawa ''hart/心'' /hart/ "heart" (the expected form would be *''hert'' /hert/)

possible irregular words:

* Old Saxon ''frī'' > Urban Basanawa ''free/自由い'' /fri:/ "free" (the expected word would be *''frai'' */frai/ or *''frei'' */fre:/, but it is possible that it was actually a regular sound change modelled after certain forms of adjectives, or modelled after ''dree'', ''free''(the verb evolved regularly from Old Saxon ''frīohon'') or was an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
*words that are subject of the rule "i,u[-stressed] > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)":
** Old Saxon ''bilith'' > Urban Basanawa ''bild/図/像'' /bilt/ "picture, image" (the expected word would be *''beld'' */belt/, it is possible that the form *''bilthi'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''miluk'' > Urban Basanawa ''milk/乳/ミルク'' /milk/ "milk" (the expected word would be *''melk'' */melk/, it is possible that the form *''milk'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''kirikǭ'' > Urban Basanawa ''kirk/教会'' /kirk/ "church" (the expected word would be *''kerk'' /kerk/, it is possible that the form *kirkǭ also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''siluvar'' > Urban Basanawa ''silver/銀'' /silvər/ "silver" (the expected word would be *''selver'' /selvər/, it is possible that the form *''silvar'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)

==Writing systems==
There are several ways to write Urban Basanawa. two of them are introduced below:

===Roman Script/Oldwriting===
The Roman Script for Urban Basanawa, also called the "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Urban Basanawa, is a way to write Urban Basanawa. Roman Script never became widespread among the Detch people, and it has become obsolete, but for the sake of the readers, most Urban Basanawa contents in this article will be written using Roman Scripts.

*A - /a/
*AA - /a:/
*A$Ë - /a:/
*AI - /ai/
*AU - /au/
*B - /b/
*BB - /b/
*CH - /x/
*CK - /k/
*D - /d/
*DD - /d/
*DJ - /dʒ/
*DZ - /dz~z/
*E - /e/
*Ë - /ə/, if it ends a word and is not followed by any consonant, it is silent
*EE - /i:/
*EI - /e:/
*E$Ë - /e:/
*F - /f/
*G - /g/
*GG - /g/
*H - /h/
*I - /i/
*IE - /i:/
*I$Ë - /ai/
*K - /k/
*L - /l/
*M - /m/
*N - /n/
*O - /o/
*OO - /u:/
*OU - /o:/
*OW - /o:/
*O$Ë - /o:/
*P - /p/
*PP - /p/
*R - /r/
*S - /s/
*SS - /s/
*SH - /ʃ/
*T - /t/
*TT - /t/
*TZ - /ts/
*TCH - /tʃ/
*U - /u/
*U$Ë - /au/
*UË - /u:/
*UU - /u:/
*V - /v/
*W - /w/
*WR - /vr/
*Y - /j/(as a consonant),/ai/(as a vowel)

Note:
# $ represents any single consonant
# A, E, O are lengthened to /a:/,/e:/,/o:/ in open syllables
# Ë is not used in actual manuscripts of Urban Basanawa.

===Kanji and Kana===
Urban Basanawa is highly influenced by the Japanese language, and the Detch people have even adopted Japanese Kanji and Kana to write Urban Basanawa, Kanji and Kana for Urban Basanawa has become the most widespread way to write Urban Basanawa among the Detch people.

The Kanji and Kana system used to write Urban Basanawa is called the "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字), the Kanji part is called 漢字(Oldwriting: Kandji) in Urban Basanawa, the Kana part is called 仮名(Oldwriting: Kana) in Urban Basanawa.

====Reading of Kandjis in Urban Basanawa====
Like Japanese Kanji, there are several ways to read Basanawa kandji of Basanawa-dji: 音読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: On-lesing), 訓読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Kun-lesing), 混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Mixed-lesing) and 熟字訓(Oldwriting: Djukudjikun), they are similar to the Japanese On'yomi, Kun'yomi, Mixed readings and Special readings.

=====音読えせぃんﾟ(On-lesing)=====
The '''On-lesing''', the Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a Sino-Japanese word, all On-lesings are borrowed from Japanese On'yomi.

The On-lesing of many words in Urban basanawa are pronunced almost the same as the On'yomi of their Japanese counterparts.

More formal or academic terms are more likely to use On-lesing; while more informal or daily terms are more likely to use Kun-lesing, but there are exceptions.

Example of On-lesings(kandji - On-lesing pronunciation - meaning):

* 音楽 - /ongaku/ - "music"
* 科学 - /kagaku/ - "science"
* 生物学 - /se:butsugaku/ - "biology"
* 地質学 - /tʃiʃitsugaku/ - "geology"
* 予算 - /josan/ - "budget"
* 細胞 - /saibo:/ - "cell(biology)"
* 証明書 - /ʃo:me:ʃo:/ - "certificate"
* 学校 - /gakko:/ - "school"
* 廃墟 - /haikijo/ - "ruin"
* 報酬 - /ho:ʃu:/ - "reward"
* 責任 - /sekinin/ - "responsibility"
* 気体 - /kitai/ - "gas"
* 工場 - /ko:dʒo:/ - "factory"
* 魔法 - /maho:/ - "magic"
* 少女 - /ʃo:dʒo/ - "girl"
* 経済 - /ke:dzai/ - "economy"
* 博士 - /hakuʃi/ - "doctor(one with a doctorate degree)"
* 割引 - /waribiki/ - "discount"
* 国家 - /kokka/ - "country"

however, not every pronunciation from Japanese is seen as a On-lesing, a pronunciation that is from the Yamatokotoba of Japanese is seen as a Kunn-lesing in Urban Basanawa.

=====訓読えせぃんﾟ(Kun-lesing)=====
The '''Kun-lesing''', the non-Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a non-Sino-Japanese word, or '''Landsword'''(Basanawa-dji: 国詞), that closely approximated the meaning of the Chinese character when it was introduced. As with On-lesing, there can be multiple Kun-lesing for the same kandji, and some kandji have no Kun-lesing at all.

Most of the Kun-lesings are of Germanic origin and are inherited from Old Saxon rather than borrowed, and many of them are basic words used in everyday speeech, which reflects the fact that Urban Basanawa is actually a west-Germanic language despite not using writing systems common to other Germanic languages, those Germanic-origin words inherited from Old Saxon are sometimes called '''Saxënword'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン詞). All Saxënwords are Landswords, but not all Landswords are Saxënwords, as Landswords contain words of Austronesian origin, words of Slavic origin, and words of other origins.

Example of Kun-lesings(kandji - Kun-lesing pronunciation - meaning):
* 西 - /'west/ - "west"
* 北 - /'nort/ - "north"
* 屋 - /'haus/ - "house"
* 橋 - /'brik/ - "bridge"
* 馬 - /'ros/ - "horse"
* 山 - /'berx/ - "mountain"
* 朝 - /'morgən/ - "morning"
* 夜 - /'naxt/ - "night"
* 日 - /'sun/ - "sun"
* 日 - /'dax/ - "day"
* 病 - /'ba:n/ - "disease"
* 鬼 - /'gi:st/ - "ghost"
* 魚 - /'fiʃ/ - "fish(general term)"
* 魚 - /'riba/ - "fish(euphemism used by fishers and anglers)"
* 畑 - /'felt/ - "field"
* 田 - /'sa:wa/ - "paddy field"
* 鶏 - /'manuk/ - "chicken"
* 綿 - /'kapuk/ - "cotton"
* 帝 - /'radʒa/ - "emperor, raja"
* 薬 - /'lek/ - "medicine(substance for curing), drug"
* 壺 - /'dzbanek/ - "jug"
* 蛸 - /'tako/ - "octopus"
* 猫 - /'neko/ - "cat"
* ときめき - /tokimeki/ - "crush(feeling of love)"
* 萌え - /'moe/ - "crush(feeling of love, especially to a cutie), cute(especially for a lovely girl)"
* 食えいと - /'e:t/ - "to eat"
* 見えい - /'se:/ - "to see"
* 見いんど - /'fint/ - "to find"
* 作く - /'ma:k/ - "to make"
* 送ど - /'sent/ - "to send"
* 費ど - /'spent/ - "to spend"
* 老ど - /'olt/ - "old"
* 他る - /'odər/ - "other"
* 大と - /'gru:t/ - "great, large, big"
* 生う - /'ro:/ - "raw"
* 大い - /'vilki/ - "large"
* 海星 - /'si:ster/ - "starfish"

=====混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Mixëd-lesing)=====
There are kandji compounds that use a mixture of On-lesing and Kun-lesing, they are known as '''Mixëd-lesing'''.

=====義訓(Gikun)/熟字訓(Djukudjikun)=====
'''Gikun''' and '''Djukudjikun''' are readings of kandji combinations that have no direct correspondence to the characters' individual On-lesing or Kun-lesing, but rather are connected with their meaning.

Example of Gikun/Djukudjikun(kandji - Gikun/Djukudjikun pronunciation - meaning):
* 兵器 - /'wa:pən/ - "weapon"
* 飛行 - /'fle:x/ - "flight"
* 結婚式 - /'svadba/ - "wedding ceremony"
* 精神 - /'gi:st/ - "spirit"
* 聖書 - /al'kitap/ - "The Bible"
* 玻璃 - /'glas/ - "glass"
* 教会 - /'kirk/ - "church"
* 子牛 - /'kalf/ - "calf(of a cow)"
* 地獄 - /'hel/ - "hell"
Due to the fact that Germanic languages have phonological and semantic structures different from that of Chinese languages or Japanese, and that there are considerable amounts loanwords of Slavic and Austronesian origin in Urban Basanawa, it is believed that the proportion of Gikun and Djukudjikun in Urban Basanawa is higher than that in Japanese.

==Grammar==
Being a germanic language, it shares many common structures with English, but there are also differences.

===Word Order===
The word order of Urban Basanawa is very similar to English:
*Basic word order: Subject-Verb-Object(SVO)
*Adpositions are prepositions
*Demonstratives and Numerals precede the noun they modify, relative clauses follow the noun they modify, adjectives can precede or follow the noun they modify(prenominal adjectives are more common)
Urban Basanawa does not have V2 order at all, and word order inversion is not used for interrogatives, and Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial yes-no question particle.

===Interrogatives===
In Urban Basanawa, word order inversion is not used for interrogatives:
* Du saast wat? - what did you see?
* Hau du feelst? - how do you feel?

Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial particle for yes-no questions "is-it dat":
* is-it dat it is de haus fon dy tomodatchi? - is it the house of your friend?

"is-it dat" is frequently contracted to "ista".

It is also possible to ask yes-no questions simply by using a raising intonation on a sentence(In Urban Basanawa, like English, declarative sentences usually have a falling intonation):

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

which is equivalent to the following sentence:

* is-it dat Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

Tag question is formed by adding the negation word "ne" to the end of the sentence:

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep, ne? - Noire has fallen in love with Nep-nep, hasn't she?

===Relative clauses===
Relative clauses start with the invariant relativizers dë and dat:
* dë haus, dë is by dë strand, was bocht faif yaars beforë - the house, which is by the beach, was bought five years ago.
* dë musume, dë [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Nepgear|Nepgear]] luëvët, is dë imowto fon Noire - the girl, whom Nepgear loves, is the younger sister of Noire.

dat can also be used to form nominal clauses:
* it is good, dat all kindër kan gaa to gackows. - it is good that all children can go to schools.
* [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] ne kent dat [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Noire|Noire]], dë Megami fon [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Lastation|Lastation]], hat fallën in koi mid iem. - Nep-nep doesn't know that Noire, the Goddess of Lastation, has fallen in love with her.

Unlike most European languages, interrogative words(the so-called relative pronouns) are not used for relative clauses except for relative clauses without antecedents.

===Negation===
negation is formed by using the negation word ''ne'', the word ne precedes the word it negates:

* Leanbox ne hat Megami Kouhosei - Leanbox doesn't have CPU candidates.
* In dë miestze, dë hat fishbeens swimmënd, Uni sheedë mid Nepgear, for Uni dacht, dat Nepgear ne heelëd Noire, dë oneisan fon Uni. - in the place where there are swimming fishbones, Uni broke up with Nepgear, for Uni thought that Nepgear didn't save Noire, Uni's big sister.

ne usually follows an aux verb:

* Nepgear konst ne fërstand, wai Uni weld ne feech ien. - Nepgear couldn't understand why Uni didn't want to join her.

It is supposed that the Urban Basanawa ''ne'' is not directly from Proto-Germanic ''ne'', but rather a contraction of earlier negations.

===Possession===
Possession can be formed by using prepositions, the most common preposition for possession is "fon", if a preposition is used for possession, the possessor follows the possessed:

* dë haus fon dë megami - the goddess's house
* dë wagën fon dy fadër - the car of your father

also, a structure similar to the "His-genitive" in English is also used, where the 3rd singular possessive pronoun "is" is used, if the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is used for possession, the possessor precedes the possessed, the possessive pronoun frequently pronunced as "s" and written as "së" in Oldwriting:

* dë megami së haus/だ女神彼す屋 - /də 'megami s 'haus/ - the goddess's house
* dy faddër së wagën/だ父彼す車 - /dai fadər s 'wagən/ - the car of your father

The "is" in this usage does not influenced by the number of possessor or possessed:

* dë werker së gëreed - /də werkər sə gəri:t/ - the tool of the worker
* dë werker së gëreeds - /də werkər sə gəri:ts/ - the tools of the worker
* dë werkers së gëreed - /də werkərs sə gəri:t/ - the tool of the workers
* dë werkers së gëreeds - /də werkərs sə gəri:ts/ - the tools of the workers

the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is standard in Urban Basanawa.

there was an genitive case suffix -s, but the genitive -s suffix has fallen out of use and has become a derivative affix used for some compounds.

===Noun===
Nouns has lost the distinction between genders and cases, but it still has the distinction between singular and plural forms.

there are different types of nouns: s-nouns, n-nouns, r-nouns, umlaut-nouns.

the plural form of a s-noun is formed by adding the -s/-ës suffix to the end of the noun, it seems that most nouns belong to this class:

*man("man") - mans(the plural form of man can also be men or mennër)
*fingër("finger") - fingërs
*boom("tree") - booms
*fish("fish") - fishës
*ring("ring") - rings
*dag("day") - dagës
*maud("mouth") - maudës

the plural form of a n-noun is formed by adding the -n/-ën suffix to the end of the noun:

*oog("eye") - oogën
*erd("earth") - erdën

the plural form of a r-noun is formed by adding the -r/-ër suffix to the end of the noun, and the stem vowel may undergo umlaut:

*lamb("lamb") - lembër
*kalf("calf") - kelvër
*kind("child") - kindër

the plural form of a umlaut-noun is formed by changing the stem vowel:

*foot("foot") - feet
*book("book") - beek
*kau("cow") - kai
*maus("mouse") - mais
*gast("guest") - gest
*burg("city") - birg

Plural forms are not obliged in Urban Basanawa, and in colloquial speech it is common to use singular forms in place of plural forms.

===Verb===
Verbs conjugate according to tense-aspect-moods.

Verbs have infinitive, present, past, present participle, past participle forms, in earlier forms of Urban Basanawa, the infinitive form of a verb ends with -ën, but the -ën ending has been dropped, and they are identical to the present form in almost every case(some verbs still maintain different infinitive forms), the infinitive form ending in -ën is largely considered as an archaic form.

as most germanic languages, Urban Basanawa verbs can be devided into two classes: strong verb and weak verb.

the past tense of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d/-t to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel if it is a strong verb

the present participle of a verb, no matter it is a strong or weak verb, is formed by adding -ënd to the end of the infinitive form.

the past participle of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d/-t to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel and then adding -ën to the end if it is a strong verb, in more archaic or some dialectical usages, the prefix gë- is used for past participle forms also.

some examples are shown below:

Strong verb:
* Nep-nep etët gohan - [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] eats a meal
* Nep-nep is etënd gohan/Nep-nep is an (dë) etë gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep doot etënd gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep atët gohan - Nep-nep ate a meal
* Nep-nep hat etën gohan - Nep-nep has eaten a meal

Weak verb:
* hi makët rings - he/she makes ring.
* hi is makënd rings/hi is an (dë) makë rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi doot makënd rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi makëd rings - he/she made rings.
* hi hat makëd rings - he/she has made rings.

Like English, infinitives of Urban Basanawa can be preceded by the particle "to", but the to-infinitive is not frequently used in some dialects of Urban Basanawa.

In Urban Basanawa, the verbal noun of a verb is formed by using the -ing suffix, also, in many strong verbs, the verbal noun can be formed by simply applying the ablaut of the stem:

* (to) makë("to make") - mak'''ing'''("act of making")
* (to) s'''i'''ng ("to sing") - s'''a'''ng/sing'''ing'''("act of singing")
* (to) f'''i'''nd ("to find") - f'''a'''nd/find'''ing'''("act of finding")

however, ablaut forms are largely fossilized in Urban Basanawa, and the -ing forms are more common even for strong verbs.

the usage of verbal nouns in Urban Basanawa is similar to that of English:

* warding folks is en megami is shigoto. - protecting people is the job of a goddess.
* drinking alë smertët eener is rau - drinking beers harms one's body.

-ing forms cannot be used for present particles, and present particles cannot be used for gerunds, so the sentences below are incorrect:
* *hi is making rings(the correct form is "hi is makënd rings" or "hi is an (dë) makë rings")
* *drinkënd alë smertët eener is rau(the correct form is "drinking alë smert eener is rau")

====Agreements====
present:
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -st*/-est
*3rd person singular: -t*/-et(same as 1st person singular in modal verbs )
*plural: -t*/-et(-en in modal verbs)

preterite(past tense, agreement suffixes added after the past tense suffix -ëd in weak verbs):
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -est
*3rd person singular: -
*plural: -en

Note: forms with * are used for verbs ending in vowels.

the verb "wese"("to be") and "have"("to have") have irregular forms:

"wese"("to be"):
present:
*1st person singular: bin
*2nd person singular: bist
*3rd person singular: is
*plural: sind

preterite:
*1st person singular: was
*2nd person singular: weer
*3rd person singular: was
*plural: warn

"have"("to have"):
present:
*1st person singular: have
*2nd person singular: hast
*3rd person singular: hat~haft
*plural: have

preterite:
*1st person singular: had
*2nd person singular: haddest
*3rd person singular: had
*plural: hadden

====Copula====
* infinitive: wesë
* present: is
* past: was
* past particle: wesën
In Colloquial usage, copulae can be omitted, especially the present copula "is":
* dat man en ribanik - that man is a fisher.
* dat ovët sweet - the fruit is sweet.

====Strong verbs====
Like other germanic languages, there are strong verbs in Urban Basanawa, and they follow certain patterns to produce different forms, although there are anomalies in strong verbs, making the patterns less regular.

Besides these patterns of stem vowel changes, the past participle forms of strong verbs require an -ën/-あ*ん(あ* is an A-dan kana where the consonant corresponds the ending consonant of the infinitive/present form of the verb it attaches to) ending.

The stem vowel of different classes of strong verbs are listed below(arranged in the form of "Present Tense - Past Tense - Past Participle"):

In Oldwriting：
* Class I: i$ë - ie$ - i$($)*
* Class II: au/ee - oo - o
* Class III:
** i - a - u
** e - a - o
* Class IV: e - a - o
* Class V: e/i - a - e
* Class VI: a - oo - a
* Class VII*:
** a/o - e/(ee/ie) - a/o
** aa/oo - ee - a/o

In Basanawa-dji:
* Class I: あい - いい - い
* Class II: あう/いい - うう - お
* Class III:
** い - あ - う
** え - あ - お
* Class IV: えい - ああ - お
* Class V:
** えい - ああ - え
** い - あ - え
* Class VI: あ/ああ - うう - あ
* Class VII*:
** あ/お - え/(いい) - あ/お
** ああ/おう - いい - あ/お

Note:
# In General, in Class VII strong verbs, if the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short; if the stem vowel of the present tense form is long, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also long; however, in the past tense forms of some Class VII strong verbs, while the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short, although in these verbs, there are usually more regular alternatives.
# The $ in the Class I strong verb pattern is a single consonant letter in Oldwriting.

===Adjective===
Like English, adjectives in the standard form don't agree with nouns they modify in Urban Basanawa, however, in archaic usages, attributive adjectives are ended with -ë:

* en goodë dag - 一ん良だ日 - a good day
* goodë dagës - 良だ日す - good days
* dë goodë dag - だ良だ日 - the good day
* dë goodë dagës - だ良だ日す - the good days

predicative adjectives, however, don't take the -ë ending:

* fondag is good - 今日いす良で - today is good

Adjectives of Germanic origin have comparative and superlative forms:
*comparative: -ër
*superlative: -ëst

for example:

* fondag is heet - 今日いす暑と - today is hot
* fondag is heetër dan gestërn - 今日いす暑たるだん昨日 - today is hotter than yesterday
* fondag is dë heetëst dag in dis yaar - 今日いすだ暑たすと日中ん此年 - today is the hottest day in this year

These forms are sometimes used on adjectives of non-Germanic origins, but its use is largely restricted to Germanic adjectives.

Due to the large amount of Japanese words in Urban Basanawa, there are also na-adjectives in Urban Basanawa. In Urban Basanawa, all na-adjectives are ended with -na(-な) or -no(-の), the -na(-な) and -no(-の) are dropped when these adjectives are used predicatively:

* en okubiyow-na kuroneko - 一ん臆病な黒猫 - a timid black-cat.
* dë kuroneko is okubiyow - だ黒猫いす臆病 - the black-cat is timid.

the -no(-の) ending can also be used for possessive adjectives.

==Words==
===Pronouns===

====personal pronouns====
Pronouns have cases, but the usage of subject pronouns is declining, and many dialects don't use subject pronouns at all.

1st person singular:
*subject: ik(吾)
*object: mi(我)
*genitive: my/minë(我い/我ん)

2nd person singular:
*subject: du(汝)
*object: di(爾)
*genitive: dy/dinë(爾い/爾ん)

3rd person singular:
*subject it(彼と)(inanimate)/hi(彼)(animate)
*object: it(彼と)(inanimate)/ien(彼ん)(animate)
*genitive: is(彼す)

1st person plural:
*subject: wi(我等)
*object: us(我等す)
*genitive: aus/ur~aur(我等す/我等る)
*subject/object(in some dialects): mi allër(generic or exclusive)/yumi(inclusive, from yu+mi)

2nd person plural:
*subject: yi(汝等)
*object: yu(爾等)
*genitive: yur(爾等る)

3rd person plural:
*subject/object: allër/sie(彼等)
*genitive: ier(彼等る)

reflexive: self(己)(also used with the genitive form of other pronouns)

for some personal pronouns, there were emphatic forms:

1st person singular:
*object: my

2nd person singular:
*subject: dau
*object: dy

1st person plural:
*object: aus

====demonstratives====

*this: dis/dit(此)
*that: dat(彼)
*these: dese(此す)
*those: die(彼い)
*here: hier(ひいる/此る)
*there: daar(だある/彼る)
*the(definite article): dë(だ)

====interrogative pronouns====

*who: wee(誰い)
*what: wat(何と)
*when: wan(何ん)
*where: wor(をる/何る)/war(わる/何る)
*how: hau(はう/何う)
*why: wai/warum(わい/何い)
*which: wilk(ゐるﾟく/何く)
Interrogatives are not used to start relative clauses when there are antecedents.

===Numerals===
# 1: een/en(一)
# 2: twee(二)
# 3: dree(三)
# 4: fier(四)
# 5: faif/fimf(五)
# 6: sex(六)
# 7: sevën(七)
# 8: acht(八)
# 9: negën(九)
# 10: ten(十)
# 11: elvën~elf(十一)
# 12: twelf(十二)
# 13: dreetin(十三)
# 14: fiertin(十四)
# 15: fiftin(十五)
# 16: sextin(十六)
# 17: sevëntin(十七)
# 18: achtin(十八)
# 19: negëntin(十九)
# 20: twentig(二十)
* 30: dreetig(三十)
* 40: fiertig(四十)
* 50: fiftig(五十)
* 60: sextig(六十)
* 70: sevëntig(七十)
* 80: achtig(八十)
* 90: negëntig(九十)
* hundred: hundërd(百)
* thousand: dausënd(千)

* ordinal number marker: -t/-ët(番)

For ordinal numbers, first and second have special forms:
* first: erst(一番)
* second: odër(二番/他る)(also means "other", the regular form "twee-t" is also used)

===Conjunctions===
*when/if: wen(ゑん)
*if: ef(えふ)
*before: bëforë(ば前る/前る)
*after: aftër(後た)
*and: end/en(えん/又ん)
*or: ed/eddë(えだ)
*but: ack(あく)
*then/than: dan(だん)

===Content Words===
====Names of Months====
Urban Basanawa has two set set of names of months, one is Slavic-origin, the other is Japanese-origin, the set of the latin-derived calendar month names used in many western europe languages(like English) is not used in Urban Basanawa:

Japanese-origin:
# January: Mutzuki(睦月)
# February: Kisaragi(如月)
# March: Yayoi(弥生)
# April: Udzuki(卯月)
# May: Satzuki(皐月)/Sanaetzuki(早苗月)
# June: Minadzuki(水無月)
# July: Fumidzuki(文月)
# August: Hadzuki(葉月)
# September: Nagatzuki(長月)
# October: Kannadzuki(神無月)
# November: Shimotzuki(霜月)
# December: Shiwasu(師走)

Slavic-origin:
# January: Stitchen
# February: Luti
# March: Madjetz
# April: kvitchen
# May: Mai
# June: Tchervitz
# July: Lipitz
# August: Sherpin
# September: Vdjeshen
# October: Pazdjernik
# November: Listopat
# December: Grudjen

====Days of a week====
#Monday: maandag(月日)/getzuyowbi(月曜日)
#Tuesday: firedag(火日)/kayowbi(火曜日)
#Wednsday: waterdag(水日)/suiyowbi(水曜日)
#Thursday: wieddag(木日)/mokuyowbi(木曜日)
#Friday: golddag(金日)/kinyowbi(金曜日)
#Saturday: sobota/erddag(土日)/doyowbi(土曜日)*
#Sunday: sundag(日日)/nitchiyowbi(日曜日)
The word "sobota" is the most common term for saturday in Urban Basanawa

====Kinship terms====

*Father: fadër(父)
*Mother: modër(母)

The terms for sibling is rather complex in Urban Basanawa, comparable to that of Hungarian:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:200px; height:200px;"
|+ Siblings terms in Urban Basanawa
|-
!
! older
! younger
! unspecified
|-
! male
| ani(兄) || otowto(弟) || brodër(兄弟)
|-
! female
| ane(姉) || imowto(妹) || swestër(姉妹)
|-
! unspecified
| kakak(兄姉) || adik(弟妹) || gësibb(兄弟姉妹) brodër-swestër(兄弟姉妹) kakak-adik(兄弟姉妹)
|}

that means all the sentences below can be used to mean "Nepgear is the little sister of Nep-nep":
* Nepgear is dë swestër fon Nep-nep(specify the gender, but not the relative age)
* Nepgear is dë adik fon Nep-nep(specify the relative age, but not the gender)
* Nepgear is dë imowto fon Nep-nep(specify both the gender and the relative age)

Kinship terms are ususally borrowing-resistant items of the lexicon of a language, however, it is obvious that there are many Austronesian- and Japanese-derived kinship terms in Urban Basanawa, which may indicate the effect of substrate languages, and Japanese, which is usually seen as a superstratum of Urban Basanawa, may have also played a role as a substratum in the formation of Urban Basanawa.

==Similarities to English and other west-germanic languages==
While talking about things of the everyday life, Urban Basanawa does not differ much from other west germanic languages, except for the writing system:

* dë man is in dë Haus /də man is in də haus/ - だ男いす中んだ屋 - The man is in the house
* du hast twee kau /du hast twi: kau/ - 汝持すと二牛 - you have two cows
* dat is ne dy ball, it is my ball /dat is ne dai bal it is mai bal/ - 彼いす非爾い球、彼といす我い球 - that is not your ball, it is my ball.

Some sentences are even identical or near-identical to their counterparts in other west germanic languages:
* It is good. - /it is gu:t/ - 彼といす良ど - It is good.(similar to its counterpart in English when written in Oldwriting)
* My hand is in warm watër. - /mai hant is in warm watər/ - 我い手いす中ん温む水 - My hand is in warm water.(similar to its counterpart in English and Afrikaans when written in Oldwriting)
* Dat is en hund. - /it is en hunt/ - 彼いす一ん犬 - that is a dog(similar to its counterpart in Low German when written in Oldwriting)

But when it comes to more academic ideas, Urban Basanawa sometimes can be almost completely alien to speakers of other germanic languages:

* Bibunsekibungaku is dë kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku, it doo kenkiyuu bibunhow en sekibunhow /bibunsekibungaku is də kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku it du: kenkju: bibunho: en sekibunho:/ - 微分積分学いすだ基本的な部分ふぉん解析学、彼とどぅう研究微分法又ん積分法 - Calculus is the fundamental part of mathematical analysis, it researches differentiation and integration.

==Example sentences==
(Oldwriting - Basanawa-dji - English translation)
* Nepgear is en kawaii musume, Uni is ook en kawaii musume. - ネプギアいす一ん可愛い娘、ユニいすううく一ん可愛い娘。 - Nepgear is a cute girl, Uni is also a cute girl.
* Noire weepëd an dë svadba fon Nepgear en Uni, for Uni, dë imowto fon Noire, hat wordën dë hanayome fon Nepgear, dë imowto fon Nep-nep. - ノワール泣ぱど在んだ<ruby>結婚式<rp>(</rp><rt>svadba</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>ふぉんネプギア又んユニ、為るユニ、だ妹ふぉんノワール、はと成おるだんだ花嫁ふぉんネプギア、だ妹ふぉんねぷねぷ。 - Noire weeped at the wedding ceremony of Nepgear and Uni, for Uni, the little sister of Noire, has become the bride of Nepgear, the little sister of Nep-nep.

* Bunkatekina mixing en fërbettëring is dë dentow fon dë Urban Basanawa sprekërs. - 文化的な混しんﾟ又ん変る良たりんﾟいすだ伝統ふぉんだばさなわ話者す - Cultural mixing and enhancing is the tradition of the Urban Basanawa speakers.
* en Basa is en howgen mid en guntai en kaigun. - 一ん語いす一ん方言みど一ん軍隊又ん海軍 - A language is a dialect with an Army and Navy(אַ שפּראַך איז אַ דיאַלעקט מיט אַן אַרמיי און פֿלאָט)
* ne neme af my seiraafuku - ね脫む去ふ我いセーラー服 - Don't take off my sailor suit.
* hi saa en Unkenned Fleegend Oogenseinding an dë hemmel - he saw an UFO on the sky.

UDHR Article 1 in Urban Basanawa:
: Oldwriting: All ningen sind born free en gelike in songen en rechts, sie sind geven mid risei en riyowshin, en shallen doo mid en-odder in en geest fon kinnigheid.
: Basanawadji: 全るﾟ人間すぃんど生おるん自由えん同く中ん尊厳えん権す、彼等すぃんど与えわﾟんみど理性えん良心、えんしゃらﾟん為う互るﾟ中ん精神ふぉん親族にきﾟへいど
: Pronunciation: /'al 'ningen sint born fri: en gə'laik in 'soŋgen en 'reçts si: sint 'gevən mit rise: en ri'jo:ʃin en 'ʃalən 'du: mit en'odər in en gi:st fon 'kiniçhe:t/

Lord's prayer in Urban Basanawa:

Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食与うﾟと我等す今日
: 又ん赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えわ゜と我等之負者
: 又ん無率ど我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, geve to us fondag
: en fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergevet ur beshulders
: en ne leed us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho:p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho:p dai 'kiŋdom 'ko:m/
: /'ho:p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik an hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho: p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:vət ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en ne 'li:t us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/

The following Urban Basanawa sentences are same to the corrsponding sentences in some other languages in respect of both written forms and meanings:
* It is good.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English)
* My hand is in warm watër.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English and Afrikaans)
* Dat is en hund.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Low German)
* Oneitchan daisuki(お姉ちゃん大好き) - (when written in "Basanawa-dji", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Japanese)

==Notes==
<references />

[[Category:Germanic conlangs]]
[[Category:A posteriori conlangs]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

Urban Basanawa

2015-04-06T11:17:36Z

K1234567890y:

{{Infobox
|name=Basanawa ''Basanawa/ばさなわ'' Saxenspraak/サクサン語
|pronounce=/basa'nawa/ / /saksənspra:k/
|tu=
|species=Human
|in=
|no=(unknown)
|script=Latin(the Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is called "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Basanawa) Kanji and Kana(the Basanawa variant of Kanji and Kana is called "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字) in Basanawa) The Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is considered as an archaic writing system among Basanawa speakers.
|tree=[[Proto-Indo-European|Indo-European]] 
 Germanic 
  West-Germanic 
   Ingvaeonic 
    [[Low German]]? 
     '''Urban Basanawa'''
|morph=Isolating/Agglutinative~Fusional
|ms=Accusative
|wo=SVO
|creator=[[User:k1234567890y]]
|date=2014
|cals=basanawa
}}

'''Urban Basanawa'''(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ), natively known as '''Saxënspraak'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン語), '''Basakota'''(derived from Rural Basanawa), '''Burgbasa''' or '''Burgspraak''', is a West-Germanic (constructed) language belonging to the Indo-European language family, it is an [[:wikipedia:en:Ingvaeonic languages|Ingvaeonic language]](or a North Sea Germanic language) and is very close to English(in terms of basic words), it is spoken on another planet called "Dë Niuland"(also called "Dë Niuwerld", Basanawa-dji: だ新世界), as the speakers were accidentally transferred by a wormhole to "Dë Niuland".

Urban Basanawa is one of the two language of the Detch people(or Deetch people), the other is [[Rural Basanawa]], more than 70% of the Detch people speak Urban Basanawa as their native tongue.

Like English, Yiddish and Wymysorys, Urban Basanawa is a west-germanic language with a large amount of loanwords.

Urban Basanawa developed from Old Saxon, but the inflection system has been greatly reduced; There are many loanwords from Slavic languages(Mainly a language closely related to Polish, perhaps a dialect of Polish), Malay and Japanese, also, due to the influence of Japanese, and being isolated from other germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't use Latin or Ancient Greek as its source of academic terms.

Despite not being an Anglo-Frisian language, many words of Urban Basanawa are pronunced the same or similar to their English cognates, like feet("feet", pronunciation /fi:t/), fish("fish", pronunciation /fiʃ/), bring("to bring", pronunciation /briŋ/), green("green", pronunciation /gri:n/); but some words are pronunced differently from their English cognates, like ook("eye", pronunciation /u:x/), eggë("edge", pronunciation /ek/), etë("to eat", pronunciation /e:t/); also, there are words which are false friends to their English cognates, for example, deer("animal", pronunciation /di:r/, cognate to English "deer"), selfish("private", pronunciation /selfiʃ/, cognate to English "selfish" but with very different meanings to its English cognates), sood("to prove", pronunciation /su:t/, cognate to English "soothe").

It is thought that [[Toka na Musume]], a language of anime-girl-like girls, is derived from Urban Basanawa, or a creolized form of Urban Basanawa.

The name "[[Basanawa]]" is shared by two languages spoken by the Detch people, one is an Ingvaeonic West Germanic language, called "Urban Basanawa"; the other is an Malayic Malay-Polynesian language, called "[[Rural Basanawa]]", what is introduced in this article, is the "Urban Basanawa" language. Despite sharing the name and used by the same ethnic group, "Urban Basanawa" and "Rural Basanawa" belong to two unrelated language families.

==Origin of words==
Urban Basanawa is a language with a large quantity of loanwords, the source of words is various, and many(if not most) of them are of non-european origin. It is said that most classical languagew of Eurasia of our word, including Classical Chinese(mainly via Japanese), Sanskrit(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Arabic(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Latin and Ancient Greek have all contributed some words to Urban Basanawa.

Despite having numerous loanwords, Urban Basanawa is certainly a west Germanic language close to [[English]], [[Low German]] and [[Frisian]], and most of its grammatical structures and functional words are of Germanic origin.

===Germanic===
Urban Basanawa is a germanic language, it evolves from Old Saxon, most germanic words in Urban Basanawa are inherited from Old Saxon(through sound changes), thus, Urban Basanawa could be seen as a dialect of Low German, but the merger between front rounded vowel into their unrounded counterparts, the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/(Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/ have become /ai/ and /au/ respectively in Urban Basanawa), the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/(the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/, and the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/ have made some Urban Basanawa words sound like their English or Standard German cognates), the preservation of the distinction between Old Saxon short /o/ and /u/, lexical differences(Besides loanwords, semantic shift of native words can also create obstacles in communication) and grammatical changes(Urban Basanawa has lost all nominal cases, and has also lost the germanic V2 order, becoming a SVO language, also, adjectival inflections in Urban Basanawa have also become unproductive and fossilized) can hinder the mutual intelligibility between Urban Basanawa and Low German dialects.

Unlike Low German dialects, the distinction between short /o/ and /u/ of Old Saxon is still maintained in Urban Basanawa.

Besides words that are inherited from Old Saxon, some germanic-origin words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed, some of them are early borrowings borrowed from other germanic dialects in Old Saxon Period, some others are borrowed later indirect through Slavic languages or Japanese, which created some doublets:

* land("land", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - lond("owned land, owned field, property", a slavic borrowing)
* ring("ring", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - rinek("market", a slavic borrowing)
* shirt("apron", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - shatzu("shirt", a japanese borrowing)

Although Urban Basanawa has borrowed kinship terms from Japanese, kinship terms of germanic origin are actually still used in daily communications, also, the pronominal system of Urban Basanawa is still germanic, not influenced by other languages.

===Austronesian===
Urban Basanawa has some from Malay-Indonesian and other Austronesian languages, many Sanskrit(including the word "Basa") and Arabic terms are also borrowed indirectly through Austronesian languages, it is thought that Austronesian languages(mainly Malay-Indonesian) were probably substratums among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

===Slavic===
Urban Basanawa has words from slavic languages, especially Polish and/or Polish-like languages(words borrowed from other slavic languages also exist), before Urban Basanawa speakers started to adopt Japanese, a Polish-like slavic language was served as the superstratum among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

Besides some lexical words, many proper nouns in Urban Basanawa are influenced by slavic languages, for example, some village names are ended with -vitze, which is considered to be from Polish -wice, also, many given names are of Slavic origin, and there are even non-slavic-origin family names ended with -ski(for example, Umeski).

The existence of slavic words may indicte that the direct ancestor of Urban Basanawa(before the speakers being accidentally transferred) was spoken in Poland(of our world) in Middle Ages.

Slavic words for animals are also used as euphemisms by hunters, fishers and butchers speaking Urban Basanawa, as they consider germanic names of animals will bring bad luck when these words are referred in hunting/fishing.

===Greek and Latin-Romance===
Ancient Greek and Latin are much less important among Urban Basanawa speakers than they are in most parts of Europe, compared to other Germanic languages(and most other languages originate from Europe of our world), Urban Basanawa has less influence from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages, most words from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages in Urban Basanawa were borrowed in the Old Saxon period or earlier, or indirectly through other languages.

===Japanese and Chinese===
It is known that Japanese culture has a profound impact on Urban Basanawa-speakers, so Japanese language(Modern Japanese) also has significant influence on Urban Basanawa, Japanese lexicon, especially Sino-japanese ones, is used as a source for academic terms in Urban Basanawa, many modern concepts in Urban Basanawa are from Japanese, Urban Basanawa speakers has even adopted Japanese kana and kanji to write Urban Basanawa.

Japanese people never ruled or colonized the Urban Basanawa speakers, but Japanese was seen as a superior language by Urban Basanawa speakers; also, as some Japanese words are very common in Urban Basanawa, it is supposed that Japanese may also served as an substratum in an earlier stage.

Most of the Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, but there are Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa that are not borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, some of them are borrowed through Malay-Indonesian but others are probably not. Below are some supposed Sinitic words that are not from Sino-Japanese words:
* lobak - radish(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lonkang - drain(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lomuwa~loma - gangster
* bulahi~blahi - whitebait

===Ainu Itak===
There are also some words originating from Ainu, below are some examples:

* tunackai /tu'nakai/ "reindeer" - from Ainu ''tunakkay''
* mossir /'mosir/ "land, region, island" - from Ainu ''mosir''
* tchisse /'tʃise/ "shelter, house" - from Ainu ''cise''
* kamui /'kamui/ "anglic god-like spirit" - from Ainu ''kamuy''
* kamuimossir "paradise, heaven, land of god" - from Ainu ''kamuymosir''

===Calquing in Urban Basanawa===
Besides direct borrowings, calquing is also common to form new words in Urban Basanawa:

* '''handsack/手袋''' /'hantsak/ "glove" - from '''hand/手''' /'hant/ "hand" + '''sack/袋''' /'sak/ "bag,sack", calquing Japanese '''てぶくろ/手袋''' "glove"
* '''weidkind/茸''' /'we:tkint/ "mushroom" - from '''weid/木''' /'we:t/ "wood" + '''kind/子''' /'kint/ "child", calquing Japanese '''キノコ/茸''' "mushroom"
* '''gardfogel/鶏''' /'gartfogəl/ "chicken"<ref>however, it is possible that '''gardfogel''' is not a calque of Japanese '''にわとり''', as the term '''gardfogel''' has been common when Urban Basanawa speakers started to systemically borrow Japanese words</ref> - from '''gard/庭/園''' /'gart/ "garden" + '''fogel/鳥''' /'fogəl/ "bird", calquing Japanese '''にわとり/鶏''' "chicken"
* '''potding/鍋物''' /'potdiŋ/ "hot pot, nabemono", calquing Japanese '''なべもの/鍋物''' "hot pot, nabemono"

==Phonology==
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Consonants
|-
! !! Labials !! Alveolars !! Postalveolars/ Palatals !! Velars/ Glottals
|-
! Nasals
| m || n || || ŋ
|-
! Plosives
| p b || t d || || k g
|-
! Affricates
| || ts dz || tʃ dʒ ||
|-
! Fricatives
| f v || s || ʃ || x~h
|-
! Sonorants
| || r l || j || w
|}
* /v/ is actually the labiodental approximant [ʋ] rather than the labiodental fricative [v] in the actual speech of many speakers.
* /dz/ is sometimes realized as [z]
* /ŋ/ is only contrastive with /n/ at the end of a word, in other places, /ŋ/ is an allophone of /n/ before velars.
* /h/ is pronunced as [x] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a non-front consonant; /h/ is pronunced as [ç] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a front consonant
* the contrast between /p/ and /b/, /t/ and /d/, and /k/ and /g/ is in fact a contrast between fortis and lenis plosives, rather than a contrast between voiceless and voiced plosives, or a contrast between aspirated and non-aspirated plosives.
* /b/, /d/, /g/, /dz/, /dʒ/, /v/ are neutralized respectively with /p/, /t/, /k/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /f/ word-finally.

===Vowels===
Like English and Yiddish, but unlike other Germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't have front rounded vowels, the vowel system of Urban Basanawa is more similar to that of Spanish or Japanese:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+vowels
|-
! !! front || central !! back
|-
! high
| i i: || || u u:
|-
! mid
| e e: || ə || o o:
|-
! low
| || a a:
|}

* In some dialects, the actual pronunciations of the short vowels /i e a o u/ are [ɪ ɛ ɐ ɔ ʊ]

===Sound Changes from Old Saxon to Urban Basanawa===
Although Urban Basanawa has numerous borrowings, and most of them are from non-european languages, most common words and most words used in everyday speech are inherent from Old Saxon, which clearly shows that Urban Basanawa is a West-Germanic language, and as Urban Basanawa has evolved for a long time from Old Saxon, there are certainly some sound changes.

Rules listed below might not be correct, and may not be the complete list. Some of the sound changes coincide with those happened in other Low German dialects, others are peculiar to Urban Basanawa.

Most sound changes of Stage I occured when people who spoke the ancestor languages of Urban Basanawa(persumbly Old Saxon and Middle Low German dialects) were still live in our world, and most sound changes of Stage II occured after they arrived "De Niuland".

Stage I

* i:a > e:
* io > e:
* iu > y:(?) or ie(?) > i:

* ao,aw,auw > ɔ:
* a:o > a:w
* a:i > a:i
* iuw > iu
* euw > eu
* ei,e:i > i:
* e:o,e:w > e:
* V[-stressed](especially when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)(however, this rule is controversial)
* wu > wo
* a > o / _ld (before final consonant devoicing)

* Open syllable lengthening:
** a > ɑ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** o,u,au > ɔ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** e,i > ɛ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** ø,y > œ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables

* V[-stressed] > ə
* V:[-stressed] > V

* θ,(ð) > d (before final consonant devoicing)

* C > C[-voice] / _#(final consonant devoicing)

* Unronding of front rounded vowels(this sound change probably occured much later, but it certainly occurred before the earliest writing record):
** y: > i:
** ø: > e:
** y > i
** ø > e
** œ: > ɛ:
** e: > ei / !_[t,d,θ,ð,r,x~h](uncertain)
** o: > ou / !_[t,d,θ,ð,r,x~h](uncertain)

Stage II

* V: > V / _C(ə)R(R is an resonant /m n l r/, especially before /dər/)(this happens before the diphthongization of vowels and the raising of long vowels; moreover, in certain words, the process was undone due to morphological levelling)

* C: > C

* diphthongization of vowels:
** i:,a:i > ai
** u:,a:w > au
** o:i > oi
** eu,iu > iu

* raising of long vowels:
** ɑ:,a: > a:
** e: (>ei) > i:
** o: (>ou) > u:
** ɛ(:) > e(:)
** ɔ(:) > o(:)

* z > s / #_

* h > Ø / V_V(this sound change probably occured much earlier)

* ə > Ø / _#

there are some irregularities among words, the emergence of these irregularities were probably due to dialect mixing and dialect levelling at some earlier stages of Urban Basanawa:


* Old Saxon ''sumar'' > Urban Basanawa ''summer/夏'' /sumər/ "summer" (the expected form would be *''sommer'' /somər/, it is possible that it changed to summer by analogy of the semantically related word ''sun'' "sun", possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''thiudisk'' > Urban Basanawa ''detch'' /detʃ/ and ''deetch'' /di:tʃ/ (the expected form would be *''daitch'' /daitʃ/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or it was remodelled after the related Old Saxon word thīod or its descendants before the formation of Urban Basanawa)
* Old Saxon ''duru'' > Urban Basanawa ''door/扉'' /du:r/ "door" (the expected form ''dore/扉'' /do:r/ also exists, which created a pair of doublets /do:r/ and /du:r/, it is possible that the emergence of doublet in this word and some other words was due to dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''wika'' > Urban Basanawa ''week/週'' /wi:k/ "week" (the expected form would be *''weik'' /we:k/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing. or modelled after the Old Saxon word wēk "weak")
* Old Saxon *''butera''(speculated form, deduced from Proto (west) Germanic *''buterô'') > Urban Basanawa ''butter/ブッタル'' /butər/ "butter" (the expected form would be *''botter'', possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or actually evolved through the sound change "V[-stressed](especiall when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_C(R is an resonant /m n l r/)" regularly)
* Old Saxon ''hert'' > Urban Basanawa ''hart/心'' /hart/ "heart" (the expected form would be *''hert'' /hert/)

possible irregular words:

* Old Saxon ''frī'' > Urban Basanawa ''free/自由い'' /fri:/ "free" (the expected word would be *''frai'' */frai/ or *''frei'' */fre:/, but it is possible that it was actually a regular sound change modelled after certain forms of adjectives, or modelled after ''dree'', ''free''(the verb evolved regularly from Old Saxon ''frīohon'') or was an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
*words that are subject of the rule "i,u[-stressed] > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)":
** Old Saxon ''bilith'' > Urban Basanawa ''bild/図/像'' /bilt/ "picture, image" (the expected word would be *''beld'' */belt/, it is possible that the form *''bilthi'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''miluk'' > Urban Basanawa ''milk/乳/ミルク'' /milk/ "milk" (the expected word would be *''melk'' */melk/, it is possible that the form *''milk'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''kirikǭ'' > Urban Basanawa ''kirk/教会'' /kirk/ "church" (the expected word would be *''kerk'' /kerk/, it is possible that the form *kirkǭ also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''siluvar'' > Urban Basanawa ''silver/銀'' /silvər/ "silver" (the expected word would be *''selver'' /selvər/, it is possible that the form *''silvar'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)

==Writing systems==
There are several ways to write Urban Basanawa. two of them are introduced below:

===Roman Script/Oldwriting===
The Roman Script for Urban Basanawa, also called the "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Urban Basanawa, is a way to write Urban Basanawa. Roman Script never became widespread among the Detch people, and it has become obsolete, but for the sake of the readers, most Urban Basanawa contents in this article will be written using Roman Scripts.

*A - /a/
*AA - /a:/
*A$Ë - /a:/
*AI - /ai/
*AU - /au/
*B - /b/
*BB - /b/
*CH - /x/
*CK - /k/
*D - /d/
*DD - /d/
*DJ - /dʒ/
*DZ - /dz~z/
*E - /e/
*Ë - /ə/, if it ends a word and is not followed by any consonant, it is silent
*EE - /i:/
*EI - /e:/
*E$Ë - /e:/
*F - /f/
*G - /g/
*GG - /g/
*H - /h/
*I - /i/
*IE - /i:/
*I$Ë - /ai/
*K - /k/
*L - /l/
*M - /m/
*N - /n/
*O - /o/
*OO - /u:/
*OU - /o:/
*OW - /o:/
*O$Ë - /o:/
*P - /p/
*PP - /p/
*R - /r/
*S - /s/
*SS - /s/
*SH - /ʃ/
*T - /t/
*TT - /t/
*TZ - /ts/
*TCH - /tʃ/
*U - /u/
*U$Ë - /au/
*UË - /u:/
*UU - /u:/
*V - /v/
*W - /w/
*WR - /vr/
*Y - /j/(as a consonant),/ai/(as a vowel)

Note:
# $ represents any single consonant
# A, E, O are lengthened to /a:/,/e:/,/o:/ in open syllables
# Ë is not used in actual manuscripts of Urban Basanawa.

===Kanji and Kana===
Urban Basanawa is highly influenced by the Japanese language, and the Detch people have even adopted Japanese Kanji and Kana to write Urban Basanawa, Kanji and Kana for Urban Basanawa has become the most widespread way to write Urban Basanawa among the Detch people.

The Kanji and Kana system used to write Urban Basanawa is called the "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字), the Kanji part is called 漢字(Oldwriting: Kandji) in Urban Basanawa, the Kana part is called 仮名(Oldwriting: Kana) in Urban Basanawa.

====Reading of Kandjis in Urban Basanawa====
Like Japanese Kanji, there are several ways to read Basanawa kandji of Basanawa-dji: 音読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: On-lesing), 訓読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Kun-lesing), 混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Mixed-lesing) and 熟字訓(Oldwriting: Djukudjikun), they are similar to the Japanese On'yomi, Kun'yomi, Mixed readings and Special readings.

=====音読えせぃんﾟ(On-lesing)=====
The '''On-lesing''', the Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a Sino-Japanese word, all On-lesings are borrowed from Japanese On'yomi.

The On-lesing of many words in Urban basanawa are pronunced almost the same as the On'yomi of their Japanese counterparts.

More formal or academic terms are more likely to use On-lesing; while more informal or daily terms are more likely to use Kun-lesing, but there are exceptions.

Example of On-lesings(kandji - On-lesing pronunciation - meaning):

* 音楽 - /ongaku/ - "music"
* 科学 - /kagaku/ - "science"
* 生物学 - /se:butsugaku/ - "biology"
* 地質学 - /tʃiʃitsugaku/ - "geology"
* 予算 - /josan/ - "budget"
* 細胞 - /saibo:/ - "cell(biology)"
* 証明書 - /ʃo:me:ʃo:/ - "certificate"
* 学校 - /gakko:/ - "school"
* 廃墟 - /haikijo/ - "ruin"
* 報酬 - /ho:ʃu:/ - "reward"
* 責任 - /sekinin/ - "responsibility"
* 気体 - /kitai/ - "gas"
* 工場 - /ko:dʒo:/ - "factory"
* 魔法 - /maho:/ - "magic"
* 少女 - /ʃo:dʒo/ - "girl"
* 経済 - /ke:dzai/ - "economy"
* 博士 - /hakuʃi/ - "doctor(one with a doctorate degree)"
* 割引 - /waribiki/ - "discount"
* 国家 - /kokka/ - "country"

however, not every pronunciation from Japanese is seen as a On-lesing, a pronunciation that is from the Yamatokotoba of Japanese is seen as a Kunn-lesing in Urban Basanawa.

=====訓読えせぃんﾟ(Kun-lesing)=====
The '''Kun-lesing''', the non-Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a non-Sino-Japanese word, or '''Landsword'''(Basanawa-dji: 国詞), that closely approximated the meaning of the Chinese character when it was introduced. As with On-lesing, there can be multiple Kun-lesing for the same kandji, and some kandji have no Kun-lesing at all.

Most of the Kun-lesings are of Germanic origin and are inherited from Old Saxon rather than borrowed, and many of them are basic words used in everyday speeech, which reflects the fact that Urban Basanawa is actually a west-Germanic language despite not using writing systems common to other Germanic languages, those Germanic-origin words inherited from Old Saxon are sometimes called '''Saxënword'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン詞). All Saxënwords are Landswords, but not all Landswords are Saxënwords, as Landswords contain words of Austronesian origin, words of Slavic origin, and words of other origins.

Example of Kun-lesings(kandji - Kun-lesing pronunciation - meaning):
* 西 - /'west/ - "west"
* 北 - /'nort/ - "north"
* 屋 - /'haus/ - "house"
* 橋 - /'brik/ - "bridge"
* 馬 - /'ros/ - "horse"
* 山 - /'berx/ - "mountain"
* 朝 - /'morgən/ - "morning"
* 夜 - /'naxt/ - "night"
* 日 - /'sun/ - "sun"
* 日 - /'dax/ - "day"
* 病 - /'ba:n/ - "disease"
* 鬼 - /'gi:st/ - "ghost"
* 魚 - /'fiʃ/ - "fish(general term)"
* 魚 - /'riba/ - "fish(euphemism used by fishers and anglers)"
* 畑 - /'felt/ - "field"
* 田 - /'sa:wa/ - "paddy field"
* 鶏 - /'manuk/ - "chicken"
* 綿 - /'kapuk/ - "cotton"
* 帝 - /'radʒa/ - "emperor, raja"
* 薬 - /'lek/ - "medicine(substance for curing), drug"
* 壺 - /'dzbanek/ - "jug"
* 蛸 - /'tako/ - "octopus"
* 猫 - /'neko/ - "cat"
* ときめき - /tokimeki/ - "crush(feeling of love)"
* 萌え - /'moe/ - "crush(feeling of love, especially to a cutie), cute(especially for a lovely girl)"
* 食えいと - /'e:t/ - "to eat"
* 見えい - /'se:/ - "to see"
* 見いんど - /'fint/ - "to find"
* 作く - /'ma:k/ - "to make"
* 送ど - /'sent/ - "to send"
* 費ど - /'spent/ - "to spend"
* 老ど - /'olt/ - "old"
* 他る - /'odər/ - "other"
* 大と - /'gru:t/ - "great, large, big"
* 生う - /'ro:/ - "raw"
* 大い - /'vilki/ - "large"
* 海星 - /'si:ster/ - "starfish"

=====混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Mixëd-lesing)=====
There are kandji compounds that use a mixture of On-lesing and Kun-lesing, they are known as '''Mixëd-lesing'''.

=====義訓(Gikun)/熟字訓(Djukudjikun)=====
'''Gikun''' and '''Djukudjikun''' are readings of kandji combinations that have no direct correspondence to the characters' individual On-lesing or Kun-lesing, but rather are connected with their meaning.

Example of Gikun/Djukudjikun(kandji - Gikun/Djukudjikun pronunciation - meaning):
* 兵器 - /'wa:pən/ - "weapon"
* 飛行 - /'fle:x/ - "flight"
* 結婚式 - /'svadba/ - "wedding ceremony"
* 精神 - /'gi:st/ - "spirit"
* 聖書 - /al'kitap/ - "The Bible"
* 玻璃 - /'glas/ - "glass"
* 教会 - /'kirk/ - "church"
* 子牛 - /'kalf/ - "calf(of a cow)"
* 地獄 - /'hel/ - "hell"
Due to the fact that Germanic languages have phonological and semantic structures different from that of Chinese languages or Japanese, and that there are considerable amounts loanwords of Slavic and Austronesian origin in Urban Basanawa, it is believed that the proportion of Gikun and Djukudjikun in Urban Basanawa is higher than that in Japanese.

==Grammar==
Being a germanic language, it shares many common structures with English, but there are also differences.

===Word Order===
The word order of Urban Basanawa is very similar to English:
*Basic word order: Subject-Verb-Object(SVO)
*Adpositions are prepositions
*Demonstratives and Numerals precede the noun they modify, relative clauses follow the noun they modify, adjectives can precede or follow the noun they modify(prenominal adjectives are more common)
Urban Basanawa does not have V2 order at all, and word order inversion is not used for interrogatives, and Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial yes-no question particle.

===Interrogatives===
In Urban Basanawa, word order inversion is not used for interrogatives:
* Du saast wat? - what did you see?
* Hau du feelst? - how do you feel?

Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial particle for yes-no questions "is-it dat":
* is-it dat it is de haus fon dy tomodatchi? - is it the house of your friend?

"is-it dat" is frequently contracted to "ista".

It is also possible to ask yes-no questions simply by using a raising intonation on a sentence(In Urban Basanawa, like English, declarative sentences usually have a falling intonation):

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

which is equivalent to the following sentence:

* is-it dat Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

Tag question is formed by adding the negation word "ne" to the end of the sentence:

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep, ne? - Noire has fallen in love with Nep-nep, hasn't she?

===Relative clauses===
Relative clauses start with the invariant relativizers dë and dat:
* dë haus, dë is by dë strand, was bocht faif yaars beforë - the house, which is by the beach, was bought five years ago.
* dë musume, dë [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Nepgear|Nepgear]] luëvët, is dë imowto fon Noire - the girl, whom Nepgear loves, is the younger sister of Noire.

dat can also be used to form nominal clauses:
* it is good, dat all kindër kan gaa to gackows. - it is good that all children can go to schools.
* [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] ne kent dat [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Noire|Noire]], dë Megami fon [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Lastation|Lastation]], hat fallën in koi mid iem. - Nep-nep doesn't know that Noire, the Goddess of Lastation, has fallen in love with her.

Unlike most European languages, interrogative words(the so-called relative pronouns) are not used for relative clauses except for relative clauses without antecedents.

===Negation===
negation is formed by using the negation word ''ne'', the word ne precedes the word it negates:

* Leanbox ne hat Megami Kouhosei - Leanbox doesn't have CPU candidates.
* In dë miestze, dë hat fishbeens swimmënd, Uni sheedë mid Nepgear, for Uni dacht, dat Nepgear ne heelëd Noire, dë oneisan fon Uni. - in the place where there are swimming fishbones, Uni broke up with Nepgear, for Uni thought that Nepgear didn't save Noire, Uni's big sister.

ne usually follows an aux verb:

* Nepgear konst ne fërstand, wai Uni weld ne feech ien. - Nepgear couldn't understand why Uni didn't want to join her.

It is supposed that the Urban Basanawa ''ne'' is not directly from Proto-Germanic ''ne'', but rather a contraction of earlier negations.

===Possession===
Possession can be formed by using prepositions, the most common preposition for possession is "fon", if a preposition is used for possession, the possessor follows the possessed:

* dë haus fon dë megami - the goddess's house
* dë wagën fon dy fadër - the car of your father

also, a structure similar to the "His-genitive" in English is also used, where the 3rd singular possessive pronoun "is" is used, if the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is used for possession, the possessor precedes the possessed, the possessive pronoun frequently pronunced as "s" and written as "së" in Oldwriting:

* dë megami së haus/だ女神彼す屋 - /də 'megami s 'haus/ - the goddess's house
* dy faddër së wagën/だ父彼す車 - /dai fadər s 'wagən/ - the car of your father

The "is" in this usage does not influenced by the number of possessor or possessed:

* dë werker së gëreed - /də werkər sə gəri:t/ - the tool of the worker
* dë werker së gëreeds - /də werkər sə gəri:ts/ - the tools of the worker
* dë werkers së gëreed - /də werkərs sə gəri:t/ - the tool of the workers
* dë werkers së gëreeds - /də werkərs sə gəri:ts/ - the tools of the workers

the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is standard in Urban Basanawa.

there was an genitive case suffix -s, but the genitive -s suffix has fallen out of use and has become a derivative affix used for some compounds.

===Noun===
Nouns has lost the distinction between genders and cases, but it still has the distinction between singular and plural forms.

there are different types of nouns: s-nouns, n-nouns, r-nouns, umlaut-nouns.

the plural form of a s-noun is formed by adding the -s/-ës suffix to the end of the noun, it seems that most nouns belong to this class:

*man("man") - mans(the plural form of man can also be men or mennër)
*fingër("finger") - fingërs
*boom("tree") - booms
*fish("fish") - fishës
*ring("ring") - rings
*dag("day") - dagës
*maud("mouth") - maudës

the plural form of a n-noun is formed by adding the -n/-ën suffix to the end of the noun:

*oog("eye") - oogën
*erd("earth") - erdën

the plural form of a r-noun is formed by adding the -r/-ër suffix to the end of the noun, and the stem vowel may undergo umlaut:

*lamb("lamb") - lembër
*kalf("calf") - kelvër
*kind("child") - kindër

the plural form of a umlaut-noun is formed by changing the stem vowel:

*foot("foot") - feet
*book("book") - beek
*kau("cow") - kai
*maus("mouse") - mais
*gast("guest") - gest
*burg("city") - birg

Plural forms are not obliged in Urban Basanawa, and in colloquial speech it is common to use singular forms in place of plural forms.

===Verb===
Verbs conjugate according to tense-aspect-moods.

Verbs have infinitive, present, past, present participle, past participle forms, in earlier forms of Urban Basanawa, the infinitive form of a verb ends with -ën, but the -ën ending has been dropped, and they are identical to the present form in almost every case(some verbs still maintain different infinitive forms), the infinitive form ending in -ën is largely considered as an archaic form.

as most germanic languages, Urban Basanawa verbs can be devided into two classes: strong verb and weak verb.

the past tense of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d/-t to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel if it is a strong verb

the present participle of a verb, no matter it is a strong or weak verb, is formed by adding -ënd to the end of the infinitive form.

the past participle of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d/-t to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel and then adding -ën to the end if it is a strong verb, in more archaic or some dialectical usages, the prefix gë- is used for past participle forms also.

some examples are shown below:

Strong verb:
* Nep-nep etët gohan - [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] eats a meal
* Nep-nep is etënd gohan/Nep-nep is an (dë) etë gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep doot etënd gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep atët gohan - Nep-nep ate a meal
* Nep-nep hat etën gohan - Nep-nep has eaten a meal

Weak verb:
* hi makët rings - he/she makes ring.
* hi is makënd rings/hi is an (dë) makë rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi doot makënd rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi makëd rings - he/she made rings.
* hi hat makëd rings - he/she has made rings.

Like English, infinitives of Urban Basanawa can be preceded by the particle "to", but the to-infinitive is not frequently used in some dialects of Urban Basanawa.

In Urban Basanawa, the verbal noun of a verb is formed by using the -ing suffix, also, in many strong verbs, the verbal noun can be formed by simply applying the ablaut of the stem:

* (to) makë("to make") - mak'''ing'''("act of making")
* (to) s'''i'''ng ("to sing") - s'''a'''ng/sing'''ing'''("act of singing")
* (to) f'''i'''nd ("to find") - f'''a'''nd/find'''ing'''("act of finding")

however, ablaut forms are largely fossilized in Urban Basanawa, and the -ing forms are more common even for strong verbs.

the usage of verbal nouns in Urban Basanawa is similar to that of English:

* warding folks is en megami is shigoto. - protecting people is the job of a goddess.
* drinking alë smertët eener is rau - drinking beers harms one's body.

-ing forms cannot be used for present particles, and present particles cannot be used for gerunds, so the sentences below are incorrect:
* *hi is making rings(the correct form is "hi is makënd rings" or "hi is an (dë) makë rings")
* *drinkënd alë smertët eener is rau(the correct form is "drinking alë smert eener is rau")

====Agreements====
present:
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -st/-est
*3rd person singular: -t/-et(same as 1st person singular in modal verbs )
*plural: -t/-et(-en in modal verbs)

preterite(past tense, agreement suffixes added after the past tense suffix -ëd in weak verbs):
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -st/-est
*3rd person singular: -
*plural: -n/-en

the verb "wese"("to be") and "have"("to have") have irregular forms:

"wese"("to be"):
present:
*1st person singular: bin
*2nd person singular: bist
*3rd person singular: is
*plural: sind

preterite:
*1st person singular: was
*2nd person singular: weer
*3rd person singular: was
*plural: warn

"have"("to have"):
present:
*1st person singular: have
*2nd person singular: hast
*3rd person singular: hat~haft
*plural: have

preterite:
*1st person singular: had
*2nd person singular: haddest
*3rd person singular: had
*plural: hadden

====Copula====
* infinitive: wesë
* present: is
* past: was
* past particle: wesën
In Colloquial usage, copulae can be omitted, especially the present copula "is":
* dat man en ribanik - that man is a fisher.
* dat ovët sweet - the fruit is sweet.

====Strong verbs====
Like other germanic languages, there are strong verbs in Urban Basanawa, and they follow certain patterns to produce different forms, although there are anomalies in strong verbs, making the patterns less regular.

Besides these patterns of stem vowel changes, the past participle forms of strong verbs require an -ën/-あ*ん(あ* is an A-dan kana where the consonant corresponds the ending consonant of the infinitive/present form of the verb it attaches to) ending.

The stem vowel of different classes of strong verbs are listed below(arranged in the form of "Present Tense - Past Tense - Past Participle"):

In Oldwriting：
* Class I: i$ë - ie$ - i$($)*
* Class II: au/ee - oo - o
* Class III:
** i - a - u
** e - a - o
* Class IV: e - a - o
* Class V: e/i - a - e
* Class VI: a - oo - a
* Class VII*:
** a/o - e/(ee/ie) - a/o
** aa/oo - ee - a/o

In Basanawa-dji:
* Class I: あい - いい - い
* Class II: あう/いい - うう - お
* Class III:
** い - あ - う
** え - あ - お
* Class IV: えい - ああ - お
* Class V:
** えい - ああ - え
** い - あ - え
* Class VI: あ/ああ - うう - あ
* Class VII*:
** あ/お - え/(いい) - あ/お
** ああ/おう - いい - あ/お

Note:
# In General, in Class VII strong verbs, if the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short; if the stem vowel of the present tense form is long, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also long; however, in the past tense forms of some Class VII strong verbs, while the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short, although in these verbs, there are usually more regular alternatives.
# The $ in the Class I strong verb pattern is a single consonant letter in Oldwriting.

===Adjective===
Like English, adjectives in the standard form don't agree with nouns they modify in Urban Basanawa, however, in archaic usages, attributive adjectives are ended with -ë:

* en goodë dag - 一ん良だ日 - a good day
* goodë dagës - 良だ日す - good days
* dë goodë dag - だ良だ日 - the good day
* dë goodë dagës - だ良だ日す - the good days

predicative adjectives, however, don't take the -ë ending:

* fondag is good - 今日いす良で - today is good

Adjectives of Germanic origin have comparative and superlative forms:
*comparative: -ër
*superlative: -ëst

for example:

* fondag is heet - 今日いす暑と - today is hot
* fondag is heetër dan gestërn - 今日いす暑たるだん昨日 - today is hotter than yesterday
* fondag is dë heetëst dag in dis yaar - 今日いすだ暑たすと日中ん此年 - today is the hottest day in this year

These forms are sometimes used on adjectives of non-Germanic origins, but its use is largely restricted to Germanic adjectives.

Due to the large amount of Japanese words in Urban Basanawa, there are also na-adjectives in Urban Basanawa. In Urban Basanawa, all na-adjectives are ended with -na(-な) or -no(-の), the -na(-な) and -no(-の) are dropped when these adjectives are used predicatively:

* en okubiyow-na kuroneko - 一ん臆病な黒猫 - a timid black-cat.
* dë kuroneko is okubiyow - だ黒猫いす臆病 - the black-cat is timid.

the -no(-の) ending can also be used for possessive adjectives.

==Words==
===Pronouns===

====personal pronouns====
Pronouns have cases, but the usage of subject pronouns is declining, and many dialects don't use subject pronouns at all.

1st person singular:
*subject: ik(吾)
*object: mi(我)
*genitive: my/minë(我い/我ん)

2nd person singular:
*subject: du(汝)
*object: di(爾)
*genitive: dy/dinë(爾い/爾ん)

3rd person singular:
*subject it(彼と)(inanimate)/hi(彼)(animate)
*object: it(彼と)(inanimate)/ien(彼ん)(animate)
*genitive: is(彼す)

1st person plural:
*subject: wi(我等)
*object: us(我等す)
*genitive: aus/ur~aur(我等す/我等る)
*subject/object(in some dialects): mi allër(generic or exclusive)/yumi(inclusive, from yu+mi)

2nd person plural:
*subject: yi(汝等)
*object: yu(爾等)
*genitive: yur(爾等る)

3rd person plural:
*subject/object: allër/sie(彼等)
*genitive: ier(彼等る)

reflexive: self(己)(also used with the genitive form of other pronouns)

for some personal pronouns, there were emphatic forms:

1st person singular:
*object: my

2nd person singular:
*subject: dau
*object: dy

1st person plural:
*object: aus

====demonstratives====

*this: dis/dit(此)
*that: dat(彼)
*these: dese(此す)
*those: die(彼い)
*here: hier(ひいる/此る)
*there: daar(だある/彼る)
*the(definite article): dë(だ)

====interrogative pronouns====

*who: wee(誰い)
*what: wat(何と)
*when: wan(何ん)
*where: wor(をる/何る)/war(わる/何る)
*how: hau(はう/何う)
*why: wai/warum(わい/何い)
*which: wilk(ゐるﾟく/何く)
Interrogatives are not used to start relative clauses when there are antecedents.

===Numerals===
# 1: een/en(一)
# 2: twee(二)
# 3: dree(三)
# 4: fier(四)
# 5: faif/fimf(五)
# 6: sex(六)
# 7: sevën(七)
# 8: acht(八)
# 9: negën(九)
# 10: ten(十)
# 11: elvën~elf(十一)
# 12: twelf(十二)
# 13: dreetin(十三)
# 14: fiertin(十四)
# 15: fiftin(十五)
# 16: sextin(十六)
# 17: sevëntin(十七)
# 18: achtin(十八)
# 19: negëntin(十九)
# 20: twentig(二十)
* 30: dreetig(三十)
* 40: fiertig(四十)
* 50: fiftig(五十)
* 60: sextig(六十)
* 70: sevëntig(七十)
* 80: achtig(八十)
* 90: negëntig(九十)
* hundred: hundërd(百)
* thousand: dausënd(千)

* ordinal number marker: -t/-ët(番)

For ordinal numbers, first and second have special forms:
* first: erst(一番)
* second: odër(二番/他る)(also means "other", the regular form "twee-t" is also used)

===Conjunctions===
*when/if: wen(ゑん)
*if: ef(えふ)
*before: bëforë(ば前る/前る)
*after: aftër(後た)
*and: end/en(えん/又ん)
*or: ed/eddë(えだ)
*but: ack(あく)
*then/than: dan(だん)

===Content Words===
====Names of Months====
Urban Basanawa has two set set of names of months, one is Slavic-origin, the other is Japanese-origin, the set of the latin-derived calendar month names used in many western europe languages(like English) is not used in Urban Basanawa:

Japanese-origin:
# January: Mutzuki(睦月)
# February: Kisaragi(如月)
# March: Yayoi(弥生)
# April: Udzuki(卯月)
# May: Satzuki(皐月)/Sanaetzuki(早苗月)
# June: Minadzuki(水無月)
# July: Fumidzuki(文月)
# August: Hadzuki(葉月)
# September: Nagatzuki(長月)
# October: Kannadzuki(神無月)
# November: Shimotzuki(霜月)
# December: Shiwasu(師走)

Slavic-origin:
# January: Stitchen
# February: Luti
# March: Madjetz
# April: kvitchen
# May: Mai
# June: Tchervitz
# July: Lipitz
# August: Sherpin
# September: Vdjeshen
# October: Pazdjernik
# November: Listopat
# December: Grudjen

====Days of a week====
#Monday: maandag(月日)/getzuyowbi(月曜日)
#Tuesday: firedag(火日)/kayowbi(火曜日)
#Wednsday: waterdag(水日)/suiyowbi(水曜日)
#Thursday: wieddag(木日)/mokuyowbi(木曜日)
#Friday: golddag(金日)/kinyowbi(金曜日)
#Saturday: sobota/erddag(土日)/doyowbi(土曜日)*
#Sunday: sundag(日日)/nitchiyowbi(日曜日)
The word "sobota" is the most common term for saturday in Urban Basanawa

====Kinship terms====

*Father: fadër(父)
*Mother: modër(母)

The terms for sibling is rather complex in Urban Basanawa, comparable to that of Hungarian:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:200px; height:200px;"
|+ Siblings terms in Urban Basanawa
|-
!
! older
! younger
! unspecified
|-
! male
| ani(兄) || otowto(弟) || brodër(兄弟)
|-
! female
| ane(姉) || imowto(妹) || swestër(姉妹)
|-
! unspecified
| kakak(兄姉) || adik(弟妹) || gësibb(兄弟姉妹) brodër-swestër(兄弟姉妹) kakak-adik(兄弟姉妹)
|}

that means all the sentences below can be used to mean "Nepgear is the little sister of Nep-nep":
* Nepgear is dë swestër fon Nep-nep(specify the gender, but not the relative age)
* Nepgear is dë adik fon Nep-nep(specify the relative age, but not the gender)
* Nepgear is dë imowto fon Nep-nep(specify both the gender and the relative age)

Kinship terms are ususally borrowing-resistant items of the lexicon of a language, however, it is obvious that there are many Austronesian- and Japanese-derived kinship terms in Urban Basanawa, which may indicate the effect of substrate languages, and Japanese, which is usually seen as a superstratum of Urban Basanawa, may have also played a role as a substratum in the formation of Urban Basanawa.

==Similarities to English and other west-germanic languages==
While talking about things of the everyday life, Urban Basanawa does not differ much from other west germanic languages, except for the writing system:

* dë man is in dë Haus /də man is in də haus/ - だ男いす中んだ屋 - The man is in the house
* du hast twee kau /du hast twi: kau/ - 汝持すと二牛 - you have two cows
* dat is ne dy ball, it is my ball /dat is ne dai bal it is mai bal/ - 彼いす非爾い球、彼といす我い球 - that is not your ball, it is my ball.

Some sentences are even identical or near-identical to their counterparts in other west germanic languages:
* It is good. - /it is gu:t/ - 彼といす良ど - It is good.(similar to its counterpart in English when written in Oldwriting)
* My hand is in warm watër. - /mai hant is in warm watər/ - 我い手いす中ん温む水 - My hand is in warm water.(similar to its counterpart in English and Afrikaans when written in Oldwriting)
* Dat is en hund. - /it is en hunt/ - 彼いす一ん犬 - that is a dog(similar to its counterpart in Low German when written in Oldwriting)

But when it comes to more academic ideas, Urban Basanawa sometimes can be almost completely alien to speakers of other germanic languages:

* Bibunsekibungaku is dë kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku, it doo kenkiyuu bibunhow en sekibunhow /bibunsekibungaku is də kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku it du: kenkju: bibunho: en sekibunho:/ - 微分積分学いすだ基本的な部分ふぉん解析学、彼とどぅう研究微分法又ん積分法 - Calculus is the fundamental part of mathematical analysis, it researches differentiation and integration.

==Example sentences==
(Oldwriting - Basanawa-dji - English translation)
* Nepgear is en kawaii musume, Uni is ook en kawaii musume. - ネプギアいす一ん可愛い娘、ユニいすううく一ん可愛い娘。 - Nepgear is a cute girl, Uni is also a cute girl.
* Noire weepëd an dë svadba fon Nepgear en Uni, for Uni, dë imowto fon Noire, hat wordën dë hanayome fon Nepgear, dë imowto fon Nep-nep. - ノワール泣ぱど在んだ<ruby>結婚式<rp>(</rp><rt>svadba</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>ふぉんネプギア又んユニ、為るユニ、だ妹ふぉんノワール、はと成おるだんだ花嫁ふぉんネプギア、だ妹ふぉんねぷねぷ。 - Noire weeped at the wedding ceremony of Nepgear and Uni, for Uni, the little sister of Noire, has become the bride of Nepgear, the little sister of Nep-nep.

* Bunkatekina mixing en fërbettëring is dë dentow fon dë Urban Basanawa sprekërs. - 文化的な混しんﾟ又ん変る良たりんﾟいすだ伝統ふぉんだばさなわ話者す - Cultural mixing and enhancing is the tradition of the Urban Basanawa speakers.
* en Basa is en howgen mid en guntai en kaigun. - 一ん語いす一ん方言みど一ん軍隊又ん海軍 - A language is a dialect with an Army and Navy(אַ שפּראַך איז אַ דיאַלעקט מיט אַן אַרמיי און פֿלאָט)
* ne neme af my seiraafuku - ね脫む去ふ我いセーラー服 - Don't take off my sailor suit.
* hi saa en Unkenned Fleegend Oogenseinding an dë hemmel - he saw an UFO on the sky.

UDHR Article 1 in Urban Basanawa:
: Oldwriting: All ningen sind born free en gelike in songen en rechts, sie sind geven mid risei en riyowshin, en shallen doo mid en-odder in en geest fon kinnigheid.
: Basanawadji: 全るﾟ人間すぃんど生おるん自由えん同く中ん尊厳えん権す、彼等すぃんど与えわﾟんみど理性えん良心、えんしゃらﾟん為う互るﾟ中ん精神ふぉん親族にきﾟへいど
: Pronunciation: /'al 'ningen sint born fri: en gə'laik in 'soŋgen en 'reçts si: sint 'gevən mit rise: en ri'jo:ʃin en 'ʃalən 'du: mit en'odər in en gi:st fon 'kiniçhe:t/

Lord's prayer in Urban Basanawa:

Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食与うﾟと我等す今日
: 又ん赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えわ゜と我等之負者
: 又ん無率ど我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, geve to us fondag
: en fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergevet ur beshulders
: en ne leed us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho:p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho:p dai 'kiŋdom 'ko:m/
: /'ho:p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik an hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho: p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:vət ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en ne 'li:t us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/

The following Urban Basanawa sentences are same to the corrsponding sentences in some other languages in respect of both written forms and meanings:
* It is good.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English)
* My hand is in warm watër.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English and Afrikaans)
* Dat is en hund.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Low German)
* Oneitchan daisuki(お姉ちゃん大好き) - (when written in "Basanawa-dji", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Japanese)

==Notes==
<references />

[[Category:Germanic conlangs]]
[[Category:A posteriori conlangs]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

High German

2015-04-06T06:52:48Z

K1234567890y:

High German, or Hochdeutsch, (the stage is called '''New High German''') is the name of the standard form of Modern German. It is a [[West Germanic]] and is related to [[Low German]], [[Dutch]], and [[Anglo-Saxon]]/[[Modern English]]. Today it is the official language of Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Liechtenstein.

{{Language|
| English = High German
| native = HochDeutsch
| dialect english =
| country = Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Liechtenstein
| nativecountry = Deutschland, Schweiz, Österreich, Liechtenstein
| universe = Real world
| speakers = 105 million
| family = [[Indo-European]]
| branch = [[Germanic]]
| subbranch = [[West Germanic]]      [[German ]]
| wordorder = SVO, OVS/V2
| type = inflecting
| alignment = nominative-accusative
| author = unknown
| date = 1800-Present C.E.
| background = white
| headingbg = coral
| width = 33%
}}

=Outline of the History of High German=
High German has 4 primary written stages, similar to [[English]]. The four stages are as follows:
* '''[[Old High German]]'''
* '''[[Middle High German]]'''
* '''[[Early New High German]]'''
* '''New High German'''

The last stage is the Modern German of today.

=Difference between High and [[Low German]]=
High German differs from other West German languages such as [[Low German]], [[Modern English|English]], and [[Dutch]] in that High German when through the [[High German Consonant Shift]]. The High German Consonant Shift (or HGCS) is the sound shift where;
# Non-geminated voicless [[Stop|stops]] became [[Fricative|fricatives]],
# Geminated, [[Nasal|nasal]]-adjacent and [[Liquid|liquid]]-adjacent voiceless [[Stop|stops]] became [[Affricate|affricates]],
# Voiced stops became voiceless stops, and finally
# All interdental fricatives (/[[Voiced dental fricative|ð]]/ and /[[Voiceless dental fricative|θ]]/) became the dental stop and/or Alveolar stop /[[Voiced dental stop|d̻]]/ and /[[Voiced alveolar stop|d]]/. 
The last stage was shared by [[Low German]] and [[Dutch]].

All of these stages occur in the Highest of High German dialects, but Standard High German does not have all of them. The shift of /k/>/kx/ in stage 2 did not occur in the standard, although it did in [[Upper German]] dialects, such as [[Bavarian|Southern Bavarian]]. Also the only part of stage 3 which actually became part of standard '''High German''' was /d/>/t/. The other two happened only in the '''Highest of High German''' or '''Upper German''' dialects

=Orthography=
High German is written with the Latin alphabet. It has extra letters which represent some of the sounds of the German language, which are not otherwise found in the [[Roman alphabet|Latin alphabet]]. These include '''Ö ö, Ü ü, Ä ä, ß'''.

=Phonology=
==Consonants==
 
<div style="text-align: center;">

{| style="text-align: center; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1pt solid #c0c0c0;"
!colspan=17 style="text-align:center; background: #efefef;"| Consonants
|- style="vertical-align: center; font-size: x-small; height: 2em"
| ||colspan=2| Bilabial ||colspan=2| Labiod.||colspan=2| Alveolar||colspan=2| Post-alv. ||colspan=2| Palatal ||colspan=2| Velar ||colspan=2| Glottal
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Nasal || || {{IPA|m}} || || || || {{IPA|n}} || || || || || || {{IPA|ŋ}}
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Plosive || {{IPA|p}} || {{IPA|b}} || || || {{IPA|t}} || {{IPA|d}} || || || || || {{IPA|k}} || {{IPA|g}}
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Fricative || || || {{IPA|f}} || {{IPA|v}} || {{IPA|s}} || {{IPA|z}} || {{IPA|ʃ}} || (ʒ) || || ç || {{IPA|x}} || || {{IPA|h}}
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Affricate || || || pf || || {{IPA|ʦ}} || || {{IPA|ʧ}} || (ʤ) || || || (kx)
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Approximants || || || || || || || || || || {{IPA|j}}
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Trill || || || || || || {{IPA|r}}
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Lateral Approximant || || || || || || {{IPA|l}}
|}

</div>

* The diagraph '''ch''' is /x/ after a back vowel, and /ç/ elsewhere.
* '''v''' and '''f''' are (usually) both pronounced /f/, and '''w''' is pronounced /v/.
* /ŋ/ occurs as '''ng''' and /ŋk/ is '''nk'''.
* '''sch''' is pronounced /ʃ/. '''tsch''' is pronounced /ʧ/.
* Initially '''s''' is pronounced /z/ before vowels, and /ʃ/ before a consonant (such as '''st''' and '''sp''').
* '''j''' is pronounced /j/.
* The spellings '''tz''' and '''z''' are pronounced /ʦ/.
* '''ß''' and '''ss''' are pronounced /s/.
* German has [[Final Devoicing|final devoicing]]. This means that all voiced consonants with voiceless forms become those voiceless forms, at the end of the word.

==Vowels==

 
<div style="text-align: center;">

{| style="text-align: center; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1pt solid #c0c0c0;"
!colspan=11 style="text-align:center; background: #efefef;"| Vowels
|-
| ||colspan="2"|Front || Central || Back
|-
| || Unround || Rounded || Unrounded || Rounded
|-
| High || iː - ɪ || yː - ʏ || || uː - ʊ
|-
| Mid || eː - ɛ || øː - œ || ə || oː - ɔ
|-
| Low || || || aː/a
|-
| colspan="7"| All entries are: Tense - Lax
|}

</div>

* In order to form the long version of a vowel, add '''-h''' after the vowel or in rare cases double the vowel, although that is more common in [[Low German]] and [[Dutch]].
* Final '''e''' is pronounced /ə/.
* '''ü''' is pronounced /yː/, /ʏ/.
* '''ö''' is pronounced /øː/, /œ/.
* '''ä''' is pronounced /eː/, /ɛ/.

===Diphthongs===
*'''eu''' and '''äu''' are pronounced /ɔʏ/, /ɔɪ/.
*'''ei''' and '''ai''' are pronounced /aɪ/.
*'''au''' is pronounced /aʊ/.

=Grammar=
==The General Stuff==
===Gender and Number===
[[Noun]]s, [[Adjective]]s, [[Article]]s, and to some extent [[Pronoun]]s are all affected by [[Gender]] and [[Number]].
There are three genders and two numbers in High German. The three genders are [[Masculine]], [[Feminine]], and [[Neuter]], and the numbers are [[Singular]] and [[Plural]]. Usually all forms of the Plural are the same, when it comes to adjectives and articles.

===Case===
In German, there are four cases, [[Nominative]], [[Accusative]], [[Genitive]], and [[Dative]]. These affect articles, pronouns, adjectives, and nouns. The prepositions of German also affect whether an phrase is genitive, dative, or accusative.

==Articles==
There are [[definite articles]] and [[indefinite articles]] in German as well as in [[Modern English|English]]. Articles are affected by [[Case|case]], [[Gender|gender]], and [[Number|number]]. The plural is the same across the genders.

===Definite===
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Masculine
! Feminine
! Neuter
! Plural (all Genders)
|-
| '''Nominative''' || der || die || das || die
|-
| '''Genitive''' || des || der || des || der
|-
| '''Dative''' || dem || der || dem || den
|-
| '''Accusative''' || den || die || das || die
|}

===Indefinite===
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Masculine
! Feminine
! Neuter
! Plural (all Genders)
|-
| '''Nominative''' || ein || eine || ein || meine†
|-
| '''Genitive''' || eines || einer || eines || meiner
|-
| '''Dative''' || einem || einer || einem || meinen
|-
| '''Accusative''' || einen || eine || ein || meine
|}
† There is no plural form of '''ein''', but there are other indefinite article-style words that do, such as '''mein''' which means '''my'''.

==Nouns==
Gender is arbitrary in German, but Nouns referring to living being usually are the gender of that being. The ending of a noun is usually helpful in figuring out which gender a noun is, although it is not always the case.

Also, the first letter all German nouns is always capitalized.

===Genders of Nouns===
* Masculine
** Nouns ending with '''-en''' are usually masculine (that are not derived from verbs). Ex. Der Garten, der Norden.
** Nouns ending '''-er''' are usually masculine. Ex. Der Lehrer, die Amerikaner
** Nouns ending with '''-ismus''' are masculine. Ex. Der Feminismus, Der Kommunismus,
* Feminine
** To convert masculine nouns ending to feminine, add '''-in''' to it. Ex. Die Lehrer'''in''', Die Freund'''in'''.
** Most nouns ending with '''-e'''. Ex. Die Frage, Die Straße,
** Nouns ending with '''-ion, -ik, -ie, -unft, -tät, -ei, -heit, -keit, -schaft,''' and '''-ung''' are almost always feminine. Ex. Die Logik, Die Magie, Die Universität, Die Vorlesung, Die Gesundheit, etc.
* Neuter
** Young living beings are Neuter. Ex. Das Kind, Das Lamm, Das Baby,
** The ending '''-chen''' and '''-lein''' are diminutives and are always neuter. Ex. Das Mädchen, Das Märchen. 
'''-lein''' is used more in the south than in the north, so it's less common in the standard form of German. 
** Metals and infinitive-nouns are always neuter. Ex. Das Gold, Das Metall, Das Singen, Das Essen,

===Forming the Plural===
The formation of the plural is different for many different nouns. The idea of the Umlaut is important in forming the plural as well.
*For monosyllabic words, the plural is usually for by adding '''-e''' in the masculine and feminine and '''-er''' in some neuter nouns.
*For Polysyllabic masculine and neuter nouns, many take no ending, but most others take '''-e''' as an ending.
*For most Polysyllabic feminine nouns that end with '''-e''', '''-er''' or '''-el''', the ending is '''-n''' or '''-en'''. If the ending is '''-in''' then the total ending is '''-innen'''.
*Foreign words (except those from Latin) and new words usually take the ending '''-s'''.

===Noun Declensions===
There are many different kinds of German Nouns. Here are a few fully declined ones: 
'''Masculine:''' 
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Tag 'Day'
! Tage 'Days'
! Apfel 'Apple'
! Äpfel'Apples'
|-
| '''Nominative''' || Der Tag || Die Tage || Der Apfel || Die Äpfel
|-
| '''Genitive''' || Des Tag(e)s || Der Tage || Des Apfels || Der Äpfel
|-
| '''Dative''' || Dem Tag(e) || Den Tagen || Dem Apfel || Den Äpfeln
|-
| '''Accusative''' || Den Tag || Die Tage || Den Apfel || Die Äpfel
|}
'''Feminine:'''
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Hand 'Hand'
! Hände 'Hands'
! Freude 'Joy'
! Freuden 'Joys'
|-
| '''Nominative''' || Die Hand || Die Hände || Die Freude || Die Freuden
|-
| '''Genitive''' || Der Hand || Der Hände || Der Freude || Der Freuden
|-
| '''Dative''' || Der Hand || Den Händen || Der Freude || Den Freuden
|-
| '''Accusative''' || Die Hand || Die Hände || Die Freude || Die Freuden
|}
'''Neuter:'''
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Schiff 'Ship'
! Schiffe 'Ships'
! Volk 'Folk, People'
! Völker 'Folks, Peoples'
|-
| '''Nominative''' || Das Schiff || Die Schiffe || Das Volk || Die Völker
|-
| '''Genitive''' || Des Schiff(e)s || Der Schiffe || Des Volk(e)s || Der Völker
|-
| '''Dative''' || Dem Schiff(e) || Den Schiffen || Dem Volk(e) || Den Völkern
|-
| '''Accusative''' || Das Schiff || Die Schiffe || Das Volk || Die Völker
|}

==Personal Pronouns==
'''First person:'''
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Singular
! Plural
|-
| '''Nominative''' || ich || wir
|-
| '''Genitive''' || meiner || uns(e)rer
|-
| '''Dative''' || mir || uns
|-
| '''Accusative''' || mich || uns
|}

'''Second person:'''
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Singular Informal
! Plural Informal
! Plural/Singular Formal
|-
| '''Nominative''' || du || ihr || Sie‡
|-
| '''Genitive''' || deiner || eu(e)rer || Ihrer
|-
| '''Dative''' || dir || euch || Ihnen
|-
| '''Accusative''' || dich || euch || Sie
|}
‡The formal plural pronoun '''Sie''' is the same form as the 3rd person plural pronoun '''sie''' but is also always capitalized.

'''Third person:'''
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Mascu. Sing.
! Fem. Sing.
! Neut. Sing.
! Plural
|-
| '''Nominative''' || er || sie || es || sie
|-
| '''Genitive''' || seiner || ihrer || seiner || ihrer
|-
| '''Dative''' || ihm || ihr || ihm || ihnen
|-
| '''Accusative''' || ihn || sie || es || sie
|}

==Possessive Pronouns==

'''Attributively-used''' they agree with the noun they refer to in case, number and gender. They stand always in front of the noun.

{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! 1st Sg.
! 2nd Sg.
! 3rd Sg. masc.
! 3rd Sg. fem.
! 3rd Sg. neut.
! 1st Pl.
! 2nd Pl.
! 3rd Pl.
! 2nd Formal
|-
| '''Nominative Sg. m./n.''' || mein || dein || sein || ihr || sein || unser || euer || ihr || Ihr
|-
| '''Nominative Sg. f''' || meine || deine || seine || ihre || seine || unsere || eure || ihre || Ihre
|-
| '''Nominative Pl.''' || meine || deine || seine || ihre || seine || unsere || eure || ihre || Ihre
|-
| '''Genitive Sg. m./n.''' || meines || deines || seines || ihres || seines || unseres || eures || ihres || Ihres
|-
| '''Genitive Sg. f.''' || meiner || deiner || seiner || ihrer || seiner || unserer || eurer || ihrer || Ihrer
|-
| '''Genitive Pl. '''|| meiner || deiner || seiner || ihrer || seiner || unserer || eurer || ihrer || Ihrer
|-
| '''Dative Sg. m./n.''' || meinem || deinem || seinem || ihrem || seinem || unserem || eurem || ihrem || Ihrem
|-
| '''Dative Sg. f.''' || meiner || deiner || seiner || ihrer || seiner || unserer || eurer || ihrer || Ihrer
|-
| '''Dative Pl. '''|| meinen || deinen || seinen || ihren || seinen || unseren || euren || ihren || Ihren
|-
| '''Accusative Sg. m.''' || meinen || deinen || seinen || ihren || seinen || unseren || euren || ihren || Ihren
|-
| '''Accusative Sg. f.''' || meine || deinen || seine || ihre || seine || unsere || eure || ihre || Ihre
|-
| '''Accusative Sg. n.''' || mein || dein || sein || ihr || sein || unser || euer || ihr || Ihr
|-
| '''Accusative Pl. '''|| meine || deine || seine || ihre || seine || unsere || eure || ihre || Ihre
|}

'''mein Haus''' - ''my house '' 
'''deiner Frau''' - ''of your wife, to your wife'' 
'''ihrem Buch''' - ''to her book ''

'''Predicatively-used''' they function as follows:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! 1st Sg.
! 2nd Sg.
! 3rd Sg. masc.
! 3rd Sg. fem.
! 3rd Sg. neut.
! 1st Pl.
! 2nd Pl.
! 3rd Pl.
! 2nd Formal
|-
| '''Masculine Sg.''' || meiner || deiner || seiner || ihrer || seiner || unserer || eurer || ihrer || Ihrer
|-
| '''Feminine Sg. '''|| meine || deine || seine || ihrer || seine || unsere || eure || ihre || Ihre
|-
| '''Neuter Sg. '''|| meines || deines || seines || ihres || seines || unseres || eures || ihres || Ihres
|-
| '''Plural''' || meine || deine || seine || ihre || seine || unsere || eure || ihre || Ihre
|}

'''Dieser Baum ist meiner.''' - ''This tree is mine.'' 
'''Seines ist es nicht.''' - ''This isn't his.''

==Adjectives and Adverbs==
===Adjectives===
German adjectives have different behaviours and patterns depending on whether there are articles or not, and whether those articles are definite or indefinite. Predicate adjectives take no endings.

'''Gut = Good'''
With Definite articles and demonstratives, so-called '''der'''-Words:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Masculine
! Feminine
! Neuter
! Plural (all Genders)
|-
| '''Nominative''' || Der '''gute''' Hund|| Die '''gute''' Katze || Das '''gute''' Boot|| Die '''guten''' Völker
|-
| '''Genitive''' || Des '''guten''' Hundes || Der '''guten''' Katze || Des '''guten''' Bootes || Der '''guten''' Völker
|-
| '''Dative''' || Dem '''guten''' Hunde || Der '''guten''' Katze || Dem '''guten''' Boot || Den '''guten''' Völkern
|-
| '''Accusative''' || Den '''guten''' Hund || Die '''gute''' Katze || Das '''gute''' Boot || Die '''guten''' Völker
|}
With the Indefinite articles and possessives, so-called '''ein'''-words:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Masculine
! Feminine
! Neuter
! Plural (all Genders)
|-
| '''Nominative''' || ein '''guter''' Hund|| eine '''gute''' Katze || ein '''gutes''' Boot|| Meine '''guten''' Völker
|-
| '''Genitive''' || eines '''guten''' Hundes || einer '''guten''' Katze || eines '''guten''' Bootes || Meiner '''guten''' Völker
|-
| '''Dative''' || einem '''guten''' Hunde || einer '''guten''' Katze || einem '''guten''' Boot || Meinen '''guten''' Völkern
|-
| '''Accusative''' || einen '''guten''' Hund || eine '''gute''' Katze || ein '''gutes''' Boot || Meine '''guten''' Völker
|}

Articles without articles of any form:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Masculine
! Feminine
! Neuter
! Plural (all Genders)
|-
| '''Nominative''' || '''guter''' Hund|| '''gute''' Katze || '''gutes''' Boot|| Meine '''guten''' Völker
|-
| '''Genitive''' || '''guten''' Hundes || '''guter''' Katze || '''guten''' Bootes || Meiner '''guten''' Völker
|-
| '''Dative''' || '''gutem''' Hunde || '''guter''' Katze || '''gutem''' Boot || Meinen '''guten''' Völkern
|-
| '''Accusative''' || '''guten''' Hund || '''gute''' Katze || '''gutes''' Boot || Meine '''guten''' Völker
|}
===Adverbs===
In High German, the change from an adjective to an adverb does not require an ending, as it would in [[Modern English]] or [[French]]. The adverb form is usually the same as the nominative masculine form of the adjective.

The Word Order for Adverbs usually follows a pattern of the ordering of 1. Time, 2. Manner, and 3. Place. This means '''Gut''' in German can mean both '''well''' and '''good'''. There are other words which are strictly adverbs, such as '''sehr''', which means '''very'''.

==Prepositions==
Prepositions are classified by the cases that follow them. Some have the accusative case follow, some the dative, and some the genitive. However some take either accusative or dative, based on whether or not it is a there is motion involved.
===Accusative===
bis - until, as far as 
durch - through, by means of 
entlang - along, down 
für - for 
gegen - against, around 
ohne - without 
um - around 
===Dative===
aus - out of, from, made of, 
außer - at, 
bei - at, near, with, 
gegenüber von - opposite, across from, 
mit - with 
nach - to, after, according to, 
seit - since, for a period of time, 
von - from, of, by 
zu - to 

===Accusative and Dative===
an - on, to go to, 
auf - on, to, in, at 
hinter - behind, 
in - in, into, to, 
neben - next to, beside, 
über - over, above, across, 
unter - under, 
vor - in front of, before 
zwischen - between, 
===Genitive===
anstatt - instead of, 
statt - instead of, 
trotz - in spite of 
während - during 
wegen - because of, 
==Conjunctions==
There are different conjunctions which affect a sentence in different ways. [[Coordinating Conjunction]]s usually do not affect the word or of a German sentence, whereas [[Subordinating Conjunction]]s usually involve the transposed word order mentioned below.
===Coordinating Conjunctions===
aber - but 
denn - because, for 
oder - or 
sondern - but, rather, 
und - and 
===Subordinating Conjunctions===
als, wann, wenn - when 
bevor - before 
bis - until 
da - since, 
damit - so that, 
dass - that 
ob - whether, if 
obwohl - although 
seit - since 
während - while 
weil - because 
wenn - if 

==Verbs==
 Main Page: [[High German Verbs]] 
German Verbs have two major subdivisions, [[Strong]] and [[Weak]]. German verbs are conjugated according to 3 [[Person|persons]], 2 [[Number|numbers]], 2 inflecting [[Tense|tenses]], and 3 [[Mood|moods]], although German is rather intermediate when it comes to verbal inflection. The [[German Strong Verbs]] often have some patterns and classifications which are used for identifying them.

The [[infinitive]] of a verb is formed by adding '''-en''' to the end.

The [[imperative]] is formed, in the 2nd person singular informal by only the verb stem, the 2nd person plural informal is formed by adding '''-t''' to the stem. The 2nd personal formal is formed by adding '''-en''' to the stem and adding '''Sie''' afterwards. The "let's" or first person plural imperative is formed by adding '''-en''' and '''wir''' after words or, as in English, with the imperative of '''lassen''' and '''uns'''. Examples: Verb: Gehen - to go 
'''Geh nach Hause!''' 
'''Geht nach Hause!''' 
'''Gehen Sie nach Hause!''' 
Go home! 
'''Gehen wir nach Hause. / Lass uns nach Hause gehen. '''(speaking to one person)''' / Lasst uns nach Hause gehen.''' (speaking to several persons) - let's go home. 

===Modals===
There are a few verbs which are essential for German. These are called Modals or [[Modal Auxiliaries]]. There are 6 primary modals, and one which has a subjunctive form in common use. The latter would be '''Möchten''' which is the subjunctive of '''Mögen'''. The modal in the present tense is as follows:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
| colspan="15" align="center"|'''Present tense'''
|-
| '''Infinitive''' ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''dürfen''' may, to be allowed|| colspan="2" align="center"| '''können''' can, to be able, ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''müssen''' must, to have to, ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''sollen''' should, ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''mögen''' to like, ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''möchten''' would like, ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''wollen''' to want,
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || darf || dürfen || kann || können || muss || müssen || soll || sollen || mag || mögen || möchte || möchten || will || wollen
|-
| '''2nd person''' || darfst || dürft || kannst || könnt || musst || müsst || sollst || sollt || magst || mögt || möchtest || möchtet || willst ||wollt
|-
| '''3rd person''' || darf || dürfen || kann || können || muss || müssen || soll || sollen || mag || mögen || möchte || möchten || will || wollen
|}

===Auxiliaries===
The most important auxiliaries are '''sein''' (to be), '''werden''' (to become, shall, will), and '''haben''' (to have). '''Sein''' and '''Haben''' are both used to form the [[Present Perfect]] tense, and '''Werden''' is used to form the [[Future]] tense.
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
| colspan="7" align="center"|'''Present tense'''
|-
| '''Infinitive''' ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Sein''' to be|| colspan="2" align="center"| '''Haben''' to have ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Werden''' to become
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || bin || sind || habe || haben || werde || werden
|-
| '''2nd person''' || bist || seid || hast || habt || wirst || werdet
|-
| '''3rd person''' || ist || sind || hat || haben || wird || werden
|-
| colspan="7" align="center"|'''Imperfect Tense'''
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || war|| waren || hatte || hatten || wurde || wurden
|-
| '''2nd person''' || warst|| wart || hattest|| hattet || wurdest || wurdet
|-
| '''3rd person''' || war || waren || hatte|| hatten || wurde || wurden
|-
| colspan="7" align="center"|'''Perfect Form'''
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || bin gewesen || sind gewesen || habe gehabt || haben gehabt || bin geworden || sind geworden
|-
| '''2nd person''' || bist gewesen || seid gewesen || hast gehabt || habt gehabt || bist geworden || seid geworden
|-
| '''3rd person''' || ist gewesen || sind gewesen || hat gehabt || haben gehabt || ist geworden || sind geworden
|}

===Present Tense===
In the present tense, German verbs follow a common pattern. Quite a few verbs have change or umlaut the vowel in the second person informal singular and the third person singular. Verbs that end with an alveolar fricative or affricate have identical '''du'''-forms and '''er, sie, es''' forms. Verbs ending '''-d''' or '''-t''' insert an '''-e-''' in the '''du''', '''ihr''', and '''er, sie, es''' forms. Here are examples:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
| colspan="9" align="center"|'''Present tense'''
|-
| '''Infinitive''' ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Lernen''' To Learn|| colspan="2" align="center"| '''Antworten''' to answer ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Heißen''' to be called ||colspan="2" align="center"|'''Fahren''' to drive, go
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || lerne || lernen || antworte || antworten || heiße || heißen || fahre || fahren
|-
| '''2nd person''' || lernst || lernt || antwortest || antwortet || heißt || heißt || fährst || fahrt
|-
| '''3rd person''' || lernt || lernen || antwortet || antworten || heißt || heißen || fährt || fahren
|}

===Perfect Tense===
The present perfect is used in High German in the same senses that English uses the [[Simple Past]] and the [[Perfect]] tenses. For weak verbs, in order to form the Present tense, first a form of '''haben''' (or '''sein''') must be used, and at the end of the clause comes the verb. For the verb, '''ge-''' must be attached to beginning of the stem and '''-t''' must be attached to the end. In many strong verbs, '''ge-''' is still often attached, but sometimes '''-en''' is the ending. Also many strong verbs involve a vowel stem change as well.

Most Verbs take '''haben''' as the auxiliary verb, but verbs of motion and select others take the verb '''sein''' as the auxiliary.
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
| colspan="9" align="center"|'''Present Perfect Tense'''
|-
| '''Infinitive''' ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Lernen''' To Learn|| colspan="2" align="center"| '''Antworten''' to answer ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Heißen''' to be called ||colspan="2" align="center"|'''Fahren''' to drive, go
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || habe gelernt || haben gelernt || habe geantwortet || haben geantwortet|| habe geheißen || haben geheißen || habe gefahren || haben gefahren
|-
| '''2nd person''' || hast gelernt || habt gelernt || hast geantwortet|| habt geantwortet|| hast geheißen || habt geheißen || hast gefahren || habt fahren
|-
| '''3rd person''' || hat gelernt || haben gelernt || hat geantwortet|| haben geantwortet|| hat geheißen|| haben geheißen || hat gefahren || haben gefahren
|}

===Imperfect===
The Imperfect tense in High German is used more as a written tense than as a spoken one, although a few key words are used more often in speech as well, such as the Modals and Auxiliaries. The Imperfect tense is used to describe something that happened a while in the past. It differs greatly from the Romance and Slavic Language idea of Imperfect. It is used in telling stories of things that happened a long time ago.
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
| colspan="9" align="center"|'''Imperfect tense'''
|-
| '''Infinitive''' ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Lernen''' To Learn|| colspan="2" align="center"| '''Antworten''' to answer ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Heißen''' to be called ||colspan="2" align="center"|'''Fahren''' to drive, go
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || lernte || lernten || antwortete || antworteten || hieß || hießen || fuhr || fuhren
|-
| '''2nd person''' || lerntest || lerntet || antwortetest || antwortetet || hießest || hießt || fuhrst || fuhrt
|-
| '''3rd person''' || lernte || lernten || antwortete || antworteten || hieß || hießen || fuhr || fuhren
|}

==Word Order==
German word order is fairly unique and has particular features with which a learner must become acquainted. The normal order is SVO, and occasional OVS, because German has a structure know as V2 or 2nd Position Verb rule, as described here:
{|class="blueinfobox" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|"...I find German to be the strangest in the area of syntax. German has several interesting word order issues. Now a simple German sentence can be SVO. But German, as well as most other Germanic language such as Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, and Dutch, follow what I call the 2nd Position Verb rule. This states that no matter where the objects and subjects move, the conjugated verb or Finite verb stays in the second position. So this means that SVO or OVS are very common. Here is an example, You can say in German: 
'''Ich sehe den Himmel.''' (I see the sky.) or 
'''Den Himmel sehe ich.''' (The sky see I.) 
We can see how the verb stays when the other elements move. Now for questions it is acceptable to have a verb in the first position, using a standard inverted word order. However for many statements the verb second ideal needs to stay in place." [http://blackkdark.deviantart.com/art/AGT-Word-Order-or-Basic-Syntax-81429546]
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'''[[Timothy Patrick Snyder]]'''
|}

However, German and [[Dutch]] both have a unique trait in having something called Transposed or Dependent Clause word order. This type of word order only occurs inside dependent clauses, and what happens is that the inflected or [[finite]] verb is sent to the end. It is described as this:
{|class="blueinfobox" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|"Now the pattern that Dutch and German have, but is not really shared with the other Germanic languages, is the movement of the conjugated verb to the end of a dependent clause. This might seem strange at first, but one must learn to notice it. An example would be: 
'''Der Mann, den ich gestern sah, ist gegangen.''' 
('''The man, whom I yesterday saw, left.''') 
Instead of; '''The man, whom I saw yesterday, left.'''" [http://blackkdark.deviantart.com/art/AGT-Word-Order-or-Basic-Syntax-81429546] 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'''[[Timothy Patrick Snyder]]'''
|}
Another interesting feature is the movement of the [[Infinitive]]s and [[Past Participle]]s to the end of the sentence. This is a trait that written German got from Latin, and then it became common in spoken German as well. It also leads to idioms such as '''Ich kann Deutsch.''' (Lit. '''I can German''', but means, '''I can speak German''') which comes from the expression '''Ich kann Deutsch sprechen.''' In the cases of Transposed word order, the inverted verb goes after the infinitives and participles.

=High German Conlangs=
Below are conlangs that are mainly based on [[Old High German]], [[Middle High German]], and modern High German dialects:
* [[Da Mätz se Basa]]
* [[Koulesch]]

=Sources and External Links=
<references />

[http://blackkdark.deviantart.com/art/AGT-Word-Order-or-Basic-Syntax-81429546 An Introduction to Basic Word Order] by [[Timothy Patrick Snyder]]

Stern, Guy, and Everett Bleiler. Essential German Grammar. Mineola, New York. Dover Publications inc, 1961.

Dippmann, Gerda, and Johanna Watzinger-Tharp. A Practical review of German Grammar. New Jersey, Prentice-Hall inc. 2000.

Page written by [[Timothy Patrick Snyder]].

=Translations=

[[Category:Germanic natlangs]]
{{Natlangs}}
[[Category:Linguistics]]

Low German

2015-04-06T06:51:02Z

K1234567890y: /* Low German Conlangs */

{{Language|
| English = Low German
| native = Nedersaksisch Plattdüütsch
| dialect english =
| country = Germany, Netherlands, Denamrk
| nativecountry = Norddütschland
| universe = Real world
| speakers = unknown
| family = [[Indo-European]]
| branch = [[Germanic]]
| subbranch = [[West Germanic]]      [[German]]
| wordorder = SVO, OVS/V2
| type = inflecting
| alignment = nominative-accusative
| author = unknown
| date = 1800-Present C.E.
| background = white
| headingbg = light green
| width = 33%
}}

==History and Stages==
* Stages of Low German
** [[Old Saxon]]
** [[Middle Low Saxon]]
** [[Low Saxon]] aka Low German

==Difference between [[High German|High]] and Low German==
High German differs from other West German languages such as Low German, [[Modern English|English]], and [[Dutch]] in that [[High German]] when through the [[High German Consonant Shift]]. The High German Consonant Shift (or HGCS) is the sound shift where;
# Non-geminated voicless [[Stop|stops]] became [[Fricative|fricatives]],
# Geminated, [[Nasal|nasal]]-adjacent and [[Liquid|liquid]]-adjacent voiceless [[Stop|stops]] became [[Affricate|affricates]],
# Voiced stops became voiceless stops, and finally
# All interdental fricatives (/[[Voiced dental fricative|ð]]/ and /[[Voiceless dental fricative|θ]]/) became the dental stop and/or Alveolar stop /[[Voiced dental stop|d̻]]/ and /[[Voiced alveolar stop|d]]/. 
The last stage was shared by Low German and [[Dutch]] as well as [[High German]].

==Orthography==
Because there is no standard dialect of Low German, there is no standard orthography. It can often differ by region.

==Grammar==

===Gender and Number===
There are three genders in Low German: Neuter, Masculine, and Feminine. There are two numbers as well: Singular and Plural.

===Articles===
The Masculine and Feminine genders take the definite article '''de'''. The Neuter form takes the article '''dat'''. The plural for all this is '''de'''. This makes it very close to its cousin of [[Dutch]] which has a similar pattern (save '''het''' instead of '''dat'''.)

The Indefinite article is the same for all, it is '''een''', '''en''', and ''''n'''.

Compare these with the [http://wiki.frath.net/High_German#Articles|High German Articles]]:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Masculine
! Feminine
! Neuter
! Plural (all Genders)
|-
| '''Nominative''' || de || de || dat || de
|-
| '''Genitive''' || den (-s)(sien)† || de (ehr) || dat (sien) || de (ehr)
|-
| '''Dative''' || den || de || dat || de
|-
| '''Accusative''' || den || de || dat || de
|}
† '''sien''' or '''ehr''' appear after the noun in Genitive.

===Nouns===
There are 4 cases, although the dative and accusative are often collapsed together in Low German. This is reflected in the articles as well. The most common form of the plural is found in the ending '''-s''' but there are others, similar to those found in [[Dutch]] or [[High German]].
 
Here are examples for all three genders: 
'''Masculine:''' 
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Macker 'Guy'
! Mackers'Guys'
! Appel 'Apple'
! Appeln 'Apples'
|-
| '''Nominative''' || De Macker || De Mackers || De Appel || De Appeln
|-
| '''Genitive''' || Den Macker(s) (sien) || De Mackers (ehr) || Den Appels (sien) || De Appeln (ehr)
|-
| '''Dative''' || Den Macker || De Mackers || Den Appel || De Appeln
|-
| '''Accusative''' || Den Macker || De Mackers || Den Appel || De Appeln
|}
'''Feminine:''' 
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Hand 'Hand'
! Hände 'Hands'
! Fru 'Woman'
! Fruuslü 'Women'
|-
| '''Nominative''' || De Hann || De Hannen || De Fru || De Fruuslü
|-
| '''Genitive''' || De Hann (ehr) || De Hannen (ehr) || De Fru (ehr) || De Fruuslü (ehr)
|-
| '''Dative''' || De Hann || De Hannen || De Fru || De Fruuslü
|-
| '''Accusative''' || De Hann || De Hannen || De Fru || De Fruuslü
|}
'''Neuter:''' 
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Schiff 'Ship'
! Schiffe 'Ships'
! Wief'Wife'
! Wiefer'Wives'
|-
| '''Nominative''' || Dat Schipp || De Schipps || Dat Wief || De Wiever
|-
| '''Genitive''' || Dat Schipp (sien) || De Schipps (ehr) || Dat Wief (sien) || De Wiever (ehr)
|-
| '''Dative''' || Dat Schipp || De Schipps || Dat Wief || De Wiever
|-
| '''Accusative''' || Dat Schipp || De Schipps || Dat Wief || De Wiever
|}

===Adjectives and Adverbs===
====Adjectives====

====Adverbs====

===Conjunctions===

===Preposition===

===Verbs===

====Present====

====Future====

====Past====

====Present Perfect====

====Imperative====

==Low German Conlangs==
Below are conlangs that are mainly based on [[Old Saxon]], [[Middle Low German]], and modern Low German dialects:
* [[SinPlatt]]
* [[Urban Basanawa]]

==Sources and Further Readings==

[[Category:Germanic natlangs]]
{{Natlangs}}

Latin

2015-04-06T06:50:22Z

K1234567890y: /* Romlangs */

{{Brokenlinks}}

'''Latin''' is an [[classical language|ancient]] [[Indo-European languages|Indo-European language]] originally spoken in the region around [[Rome]] called [[Latium]]. It gained wide usage as the formal language of the [[Roman Republic]] and [[Roman Empire]]. An [[inflection]]al and [[synthetic language]], Latin relies little on [[word order in Latin|word order]], conveying meaning through a system of [[affix]]es attached to [[word stem]]s. The [[Latin alphabet]], derived from the [[Greek alphabet|Greek]], remains the most widely used [[alphabet]] in the world.

Although now widely considered an [[extinct language]] with very few fluent speakers, Latin has had a major influence on many languages that are still thriving, and continues to see wide use in areas such as [[academia]]. All [[Romance language]]s are descended from [[Vulgar Latin]], and many words adapted from Latin are found in other [[modern language]]s, such as [[English language|English]]. Moreover, in the [[Western world]], Latin was the ''[[lingua franca]]'', the learned language for scientific and political affairs, for more than a thousand years, eventually being replaced by French in the [[18th century]] and English in the late [[19th century|19th]]. [[Ecclesiastical Latin]] remains the formal language of the [[Roman Catholic Church]] to this day, and thus the official language of the [[Vatican City|Vatican]]. The Church used Latin as its primary [[liturgical language]] until the [[Second Vatican Council]] in the [[1960s]]. Latin is also still used—drawing heavily on [[Greek language|Greek]] roots—to furnish the names used in the [[scientific classification]] of living things. The modern study of Latin, along with [[Ancient Greek|Greek]], is known as [[Classics]].

==History==
{{main|History of the Latin Language}}
[[Image:Duenos inscription.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Duenos inscription]], from the 6th century BC, is the second-earliest known [[Old Latin|Latin]] text.]]

Latin is a member of the family of [[Italic languages]], and its alphabet, the [[Latin alphabet]], is based on the [[Old Italic alphabet]], which is in turn derived from the [[Greek alphabet]]. Latin was first brought to the [[Italy|Italian]] peninsula in the 9th or 8th century BC by migrants from the north, who settled in the [[Latium]] region, specifically around the River [[Tiber]], where the [[ancient Rome|Roman civilization]] first developed. Latin was influenced by the [[Italo-Celtic|Celtic dialects]] and the non-[[Indo-European languages|Indo-European]] [[Etruscan language]] in northern Italy, and by [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] in southern Italy.

Although surviving [[Latin literature]] consists almost entirely of [[Classical Latin]], an artificial and highly stylized and polished [[literary language]] from the 1st century BC, the actual spoken language of the Roman Empire was [[Vulgar Latin]], which significantly differed from Classical Latin in grammar, vocabulary, and eventually pronunciation. Also, although Latin remained the main written language of the Roman Empire, [[Greek language|Greek]] came to be the language spoken by the well-educated elite, as most of the literature studied by Romans was written in Greek. In the eastern half of the Roman Empire, which became the [[Byzantine Empire]], Greek eventually supplanted Latin as both the written and spoken language.

===Legacy===
[[Image:Calligraphy.malmesbury.bible.arp.jpg|left|thumb|250px|The language of [[ancient Rome|Rome]] has had a profound impact on later cultures, as demonstrated by this [[Ecclesiastical Latin|Latin]] [[Bible]] from AD 1407.]]

The expansion of the Roman Empire spread Latin throughout Europe, and over time Vulgar Latin evolved and [[dialect]]ized in different locations, gradually shifting into a number of distinct [[Romance language]]s beginning around the 9th century. These were for many centuries only spoken languages, Latin still being used for writing. For example, Latin was the official language of [[Portugal]] until 1296, when it was replaced by [[Portuguese]]. Many of these languages, including Portuguese, [[Spanish]], [[French]], [[Italian]], and [[Romanian]], flourished, the differences between them growing greater over time.

Classical Latin and the Romance languages differ in a number of ways, and some of these differences have been used in attempts to reconstruct Vulgar Latin. For example, the Romance languages have distinctive stress, whereas Latin had distinctive length of vowels. In Italian and [[Sardo logudorese]], there is distinctive length of consonants and stress, in Spanish only distinctive stress, and in French even stress is no longer distinctive. Another major distinction between Romance and Latin is that all Romance languages, excluding Romanian, have lost their case endings in most words, except for some pronouns. Romanian retains a direct case (nominative/accusative), an indirect case (dative/genitive), and a vocative.

There has also been a major [[Latin influence in English]]. Although [[English language|English]] is [[Germanic language|Germanic]] rather than Romanic in origin—[[Britannia]] was a [[Roman province]], but the Roman presence in Britain had effectively disappeared by the time of the [[Anglo-Saxon]] invasions—English borrows heavily from Latin and Latin-derived words, drawing from ecclesiastical usage and from Romance languages like French. In fact, after the [[Battle of Hastings]], the new King of England, [[William I of England|William the Conqueror]], spoke [[French]], and French became the accepted language of the court and nobility, drastically changing the pre-invasion English language ([[Old English]]). However, [[English grammar]] is independent of [[Latin grammar]], though [[prescription and description|prescriptive grammarians]] in English have been heavily influenced by Latin. Attempts to make English grammar follow Latin rules—such as the prohibition against the [[split infinitive]]—have not worked successfully in regular usage.

From the 16th to the 18th centuries, English writers created huge numbers of new words from Latin and Greek roots. These words were dubbed "[[inkhorn]]" or "inkpot" words, as if they had spilled from a pot of ink. Many of these words were used once by the author and then forgotten, but some remain. ''Imbibe'', ''extrapolate'', ''dormant'' and ''inebriation'' are all inkhorn terms carved from Latin words. In fact, the word ''etymology'' is derived from the Greek word ''etymologia'', meaning "true sense of the word". It is said that 80% of all scholarly English words are derived from Latin, in a large number of cases by way of French.

===Grammar===
{{main|Latin grammar}}

Latin is a [[Synthetic language|synthetic]] [[inflection]]al language: [[affix]]es (which usually encode more than one grammatical category) are attached to fixed [[stem (linguistics)|stem]]s to express [[grammatical gender|gender]], number, and [[grammatical case|case]] in [[adjective]]s, [[noun]]s, and [[pronoun]]s, which is called [[declension]]; and [[person]], number, [[tense]], [[voice]], [[mood]], and [[aspect]] in [[verb]]s, which is called [[Latin conjugation|conjugation]]. There are five declensions (''declinationes'') of nouns and four conjugations of verbs.

There are seven noun cases:

# [[Nominative case | Nominative]] (used as the subject of the verb or the predicate nominative),
# [[Genitive case | Genitive]] (used to indicate relation or possession, often represented by the English ''of'' or the addition of '''s'' to a noun),
# [[Dative case | Dative]] (used of the indirect object of the verb, often represented by the English ''to'' or ''for''. Common verbs used with this case include giving, showing, helping, trusting, and telling.)
# [[Accusative case | Accusative]] (used of the direct object of the verb, or object of the preposition in some cases),
# [[Ablative]] (separation, source, cause, or [[instrumental case|instrument]], often represented by the English ''by'', ''with'', ''from''),
# [[Vocative]] (used of the person or thing being addressed),
# [[Locative case ]] (used for certain words such as "house", "ground", and "countryside". The locative case also applies to city names such as "Rome", "Venice" or "Naples".)

Latin itself, being a very old language, is far closer to Proto-Indo-European than are most modern Western European languages; it has, in fact, about the same relationship with PIE as modern Italian or French has to Latin.

There are six general [[tense]]s in Latin (technically they are tense/aspect/mood complexes). The indicative mood can be used with all of them. The subjunctive [[mood]], however, has only present, imperfect, perfect, and pluperfect tenses. These tenses in the subjunctive mood do not completely correlate in meaning to the tenses in the indicative. The following examples are of the first conjugation verb ''laudare'' ("to praise") in the indicative mood and the active [[voice]]:

;Present system tenses
# [[Present tense | Present]] (''laudo'', "I praise," "I am praising")
# [[Imperfect tense | Imperfect]] (''laudabam'', "I was praising"; ''laudabat'', "he was praising")
# [[Future tense | Future]] (''laudabo'', "I shall praise," "I will praise")

;Perfect system tenses
# [[Perfect aspect | Perfect]] (''laudavi'', "I praised," "I have praised")
# [[Pluperfect tense | Pluperfect]] (''laudaveram'', "I had praised")
# [[Perfect aspect | Future perfect]] (''laudavero'', "I shall have praised," "I will have praised")

The future perfect tense can also imply a normal future idea (like in "When I will have run...").

== Education ==
[[Image:Latin_dictionary.jpg|thumb|250px|A multi-volume Latin dictionary in the University Library of Graz.]]

Although Latin was once the universal academic language in Europe, in recent years it has been supplanted by the study of many other languages; it is a requirement in relatively few places, and in some schools is not even offered. However, in Italy, Latin is still compulsory in secondary schools such as the ''Liceo Classico'' and ''Liceo Scientifico'', which are usually attended by people who aim to the highest level of education. In ''Liceo Classico'', [[ancient Greek]] is also a compulsory subject. In France, Latin is found in the Lycée Classique, and in Germany, Austria and the Netherlands at the highest level of high schools called Gymnasium. Latin was once taught in many of the schools in Britain with academic leanings—perhaps 25% of the total.[http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/T/teachem2/thennow/] However, the requirement for it was gradually abandoned in the professions such as law and medicine, and then, from around the late 1960s, for admission to university. After the introduction of the Modern Language [[General Certificate of Secondary Education|GCSE]] in the 1980s, it was gradually replaced by other languages, although it is now being taught by more schools along with other classical languages.

The linguistic element of Latin courses offered in high schools or secondary schools, and in universities, is primarily geared toward an ability to translate Latin texts into modern languages, rather than using it in oral communication. As such, the skill of reading is heavily emphasized, whereas speaking and listening skills are barely touched upon. However, there is a growing movement, sometimes known as the [[Living Latin]] movement, whose supporters believe that Latin can, or should, be taught in the same way that modern "living" languages are taught, that is, as a means of both spoken and written communication. One of the most interesting aspects of such an approach is that it assists speculative insight into how many of the ancient authors spoke and incorporated sounds of the language stylistically; without understanding how the language is meant to be heard it is very difficult to identify patterns in Latin poetry. Institutions offering Living Latin instruction include the [[Vatican City|Vatican]] and the University of Kentucky. In [[Great_Britain|Britain]], the [[Classical Association]] encourages this approach, and there has been something of a vogue for books describing the adventures of a mouse called Minimus. In the [[United States]], there is a thriving competitive organization for high school Latin students, the National Junior Classical League (the second-largest youth organization in the world after the Boy Scouts), backed up by the Senior Classical League for college students.

Many would-be [[international auxiliary language]]s have been heavily influenced by Latin, and the moderately successful [[Interlingua]] considers itself to be the modernized and simplified version of the language (''le latino moderne international e simplificate'').

Latin translations of modern literature such as Paddington Bear, Winnie the Pooh, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, Le Petit Prince, Max und Moritz, and The Cat in the Hat have also helped boost interest in the language.

==Romlangs==
Latin and Romance languages are frequently served as a main basis of many international auxilary languages. Below are conlangs mainly based on Latin or [[Romance languages]]:
* [[Esperanto]]
* [[Interlingua]]

Also read the article of Romance languages to see the list of romlangs

== See also ==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
* [[Latin grammar]]
** [[Ablative absolute]]
** [[Latin declension]]
** [[Latin conjugation]]
** [[Word order in Latin]]
* [[Latin spelling and pronunciation]]
* [[Latin alphabet]]
** [[ISO/IEC 8859-1|Latin-1]]
* [[List of Latin phrases]]
* [[Greek and Latin roots]]
* [[List of Latin and Greek words commonly used in systematic names]]
* [[List of Latin words with English derivatives]]
** [[Latin verbs]] with English derivatives
** [[Latin nouns]] with English derivatives
{{col-2}}
* [[Ancient Rome]]
* [[Romance languages]]
* [[Simlish]]

{{col-end}}

== References ==
* Bennett, Charles E. ''Latin Grammar'' (Allyn and Bacon, Chicago, 1908)
* N. Vincent: "Latin", in ''The Romance Languages'', M. Harris and N. Vincent, eds., (Oxford Univ. Press. 1990), ISBN 0195208293
* Waquet, Françoise, ''Latin, or the Empire of a Sign: From the Sixteenth to the Twentieth Centuries'' (Verso, 2003) ISBN 1859844022; translated from the French by John Howe.
* Wheelock, Frederic. ''Latin: An Introduction'' (Collins, 6th ed., 2005) ISBN 0060784237

== External links ==
{{InterWiki|code=la}}
{{Wikibookspar||Latin}}
* [http://www.poetaexmachina.net/ Latin Poetry Text-to-Speech] Listen to a synthetic voice chant any poem in Latin. Non-emotive but accurate.
* [http://latinforum.org/ Latin forum] Board for Latin learners.
* [http://www.special-dictionary.com/latin/ Latin Phrases and Abbreviations] Large Collection of Latin phrases with search function. Special Dictionary.
* [http://latinquotes.net/ Latin quotes] Various topics.
* [http://latin-phrases.co.uk/dictionary/ Latin phrases dictionary] Alphabetical collection.
* [http://www.wheelockslatin.com/chapters/introduction/introduction.html Introduction to Latin Pronunciation] A page with spoken examples of pronunciation
* [http://www.jambell.com/latin.html Latin Phrases for after dinner conversation (Thanks to Elaine Poole)]
* [http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=lat Ethnologue report for Latin]
* [http://ephemeris.alcuinus.net Ephemeris] International news in latin and much more.
* [http://forumromanum.org/literature/index.html Corpus Scriptorum Latinorum] is a comprehensive webography of Latin texts and their translations.
* [http://www.alcuinus.net/GLL/index.htm Grex Latine Loquentium] mailing list IN Latin
* [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/ The Perseus Project] has many useful pages for the study of classical languages and literatures, including [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/resolveform?lang=Latin an interactive Latin dictionary].
* [http://lysy2.archives.nd.edu/cgi-bin/words.exe words by William whitaker] is a dictionary program online capable of looking up various word forms.
* [http://retiarius.org/ Retiarius.Org] includes a Latin text search engine.
* [http://www.nd.edu/~archives/latgramm.htm Latin-English dictionary and Latin grammar from U of Notre Dame]
* [http://latin-language.co.uk/ Latin language] History of Latin language, Latin texts with English translation and a collection of dictionaries.
* [http://avitus.alcuinus.net/scl/ Societas Circulorum Latinorum] gathers together Latin Circles all over the world.
* [http://www.mentalcode.com/latin Mentalcode Latin] - Interactive grammar and vocabulary exercises (free)
* [http://www.sprachprofi.de.vu/latin LearnLatin.tk] - Free online course in Latin (learnlatin.tk appears to be unavailable, the link directs to a mirror site)
* [http://www.latintests.net/ LatinTests.net] - Lets Latin learners test their grammar and vocabulary with self-checking quizzes.
* [http://thelatinlibrary.com/ The Latin Library] contains many Latin etexts
* [http://www.textkit.com/ Textkit] has Latin textbooks and etexts.
* [http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definition/Latin-english/ Latin–English Dictionary]: from Webster's Rosetta Edition.
* [http://www.language-reference.com/ Language reference] Cross-foreign-language lexicon powered by its own search engine. All cross combinations between Latin and French, German, Italian, Spanish.
* [http://comp.uark.edu/~mreynold/rhetor.html Rhetor by Gabriel Harvey] was originally published in 1577 and never again reprinted.
* [http://freewebs.com/omniamundamundis omniamundamundis] Latin hypertexts from fourteen ancient Roman authors.
* [http://www.saltspring.com/capewest/pron.htm Pronunciation of Biological Latin, Including Taxonomic Names of Plants and Animals]
* [http://www.yleradio1.fi/nuntii Nuntii Latini (News in Latin)], written and spoken (RealAudio) news in latin. Weekly review of world news in Classical Latin, the only international broadcast of its kind in the world, produced by [[Yleisradio|YLE]], the Finnish Broadcasting Company.
* [http://www.tranexp.com:2000/InterTran?url=http%3A%2F%2F&type=text&text=Replace%20Me&from=eng&to=ltt InterTran Latin], Translate from Latin to ENGLISH or vice versa.
* [http://avitus.alcuinus.net/schola_latina/ Schola Latina Universalis] is a school where you can learn to speak Latin.
* [http://www.latinvulgate.com Latin Vulgate] The Latin and English of the Old & New Testaments in parallel, along with the Complete Sayings of Jesus in parallel Latin and English.

{{wikipedia}} [[Wikipedia:Latin]]
{{Natlangs}}
[[Category:Italic natlangs]]

Latin

2015-04-06T06:48:57Z

K1234567890y: /* See also */

{{Brokenlinks}}

'''Latin''' is an [[classical language|ancient]] [[Indo-European languages|Indo-European language]] originally spoken in the region around [[Rome]] called [[Latium]]. It gained wide usage as the formal language of the [[Roman Republic]] and [[Roman Empire]]. An [[inflection]]al and [[synthetic language]], Latin relies little on [[word order in Latin|word order]], conveying meaning through a system of [[affix]]es attached to [[word stem]]s. The [[Latin alphabet]], derived from the [[Greek alphabet|Greek]], remains the most widely used [[alphabet]] in the world.

Although now widely considered an [[extinct language]] with very few fluent speakers, Latin has had a major influence on many languages that are still thriving, and continues to see wide use in areas such as [[academia]]. All [[Romance language]]s are descended from [[Vulgar Latin]], and many words adapted from Latin are found in other [[modern language]]s, such as [[English language|English]]. Moreover, in the [[Western world]], Latin was the ''[[lingua franca]]'', the learned language for scientific and political affairs, for more than a thousand years, eventually being replaced by French in the [[18th century]] and English in the late [[19th century|19th]]. [[Ecclesiastical Latin]] remains the formal language of the [[Roman Catholic Church]] to this day, and thus the official language of the [[Vatican City|Vatican]]. The Church used Latin as its primary [[liturgical language]] until the [[Second Vatican Council]] in the [[1960s]]. Latin is also still used—drawing heavily on [[Greek language|Greek]] roots—to furnish the names used in the [[scientific classification]] of living things. The modern study of Latin, along with [[Ancient Greek|Greek]], is known as [[Classics]].

==History==
{{main|History of the Latin Language}}
[[Image:Duenos inscription.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Duenos inscription]], from the 6th century BC, is the second-earliest known [[Old Latin|Latin]] text.]]

Latin is a member of the family of [[Italic languages]], and its alphabet, the [[Latin alphabet]], is based on the [[Old Italic alphabet]], which is in turn derived from the [[Greek alphabet]]. Latin was first brought to the [[Italy|Italian]] peninsula in the 9th or 8th century BC by migrants from the north, who settled in the [[Latium]] region, specifically around the River [[Tiber]], where the [[ancient Rome|Roman civilization]] first developed. Latin was influenced by the [[Italo-Celtic|Celtic dialects]] and the non-[[Indo-European languages|Indo-European]] [[Etruscan language]] in northern Italy, and by [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] in southern Italy.

Although surviving [[Latin literature]] consists almost entirely of [[Classical Latin]], an artificial and highly stylized and polished [[literary language]] from the 1st century BC, the actual spoken language of the Roman Empire was [[Vulgar Latin]], which significantly differed from Classical Latin in grammar, vocabulary, and eventually pronunciation. Also, although Latin remained the main written language of the Roman Empire, [[Greek language|Greek]] came to be the language spoken by the well-educated elite, as most of the literature studied by Romans was written in Greek. In the eastern half of the Roman Empire, which became the [[Byzantine Empire]], Greek eventually supplanted Latin as both the written and spoken language.

===Legacy===
[[Image:Calligraphy.malmesbury.bible.arp.jpg|left|thumb|250px|The language of [[ancient Rome|Rome]] has had a profound impact on later cultures, as demonstrated by this [[Ecclesiastical Latin|Latin]] [[Bible]] from AD 1407.]]

The expansion of the Roman Empire spread Latin throughout Europe, and over time Vulgar Latin evolved and [[dialect]]ized in different locations, gradually shifting into a number of distinct [[Romance language]]s beginning around the 9th century. These were for many centuries only spoken languages, Latin still being used for writing. For example, Latin was the official language of [[Portugal]] until 1296, when it was replaced by [[Portuguese]]. Many of these languages, including Portuguese, [[Spanish]], [[French]], [[Italian]], and [[Romanian]], flourished, the differences between them growing greater over time.

Classical Latin and the Romance languages differ in a number of ways, and some of these differences have been used in attempts to reconstruct Vulgar Latin. For example, the Romance languages have distinctive stress, whereas Latin had distinctive length of vowels. In Italian and [[Sardo logudorese]], there is distinctive length of consonants and stress, in Spanish only distinctive stress, and in French even stress is no longer distinctive. Another major distinction between Romance and Latin is that all Romance languages, excluding Romanian, have lost their case endings in most words, except for some pronouns. Romanian retains a direct case (nominative/accusative), an indirect case (dative/genitive), and a vocative.

There has also been a major [[Latin influence in English]]. Although [[English language|English]] is [[Germanic language|Germanic]] rather than Romanic in origin—[[Britannia]] was a [[Roman province]], but the Roman presence in Britain had effectively disappeared by the time of the [[Anglo-Saxon]] invasions—English borrows heavily from Latin and Latin-derived words, drawing from ecclesiastical usage and from Romance languages like French. In fact, after the [[Battle of Hastings]], the new King of England, [[William I of England|William the Conqueror]], spoke [[French]], and French became the accepted language of the court and nobility, drastically changing the pre-invasion English language ([[Old English]]). However, [[English grammar]] is independent of [[Latin grammar]], though [[prescription and description|prescriptive grammarians]] in English have been heavily influenced by Latin. Attempts to make English grammar follow Latin rules—such as the prohibition against the [[split infinitive]]—have not worked successfully in regular usage.

From the 16th to the 18th centuries, English writers created huge numbers of new words from Latin and Greek roots. These words were dubbed "[[inkhorn]]" or "inkpot" words, as if they had spilled from a pot of ink. Many of these words were used once by the author and then forgotten, but some remain. ''Imbibe'', ''extrapolate'', ''dormant'' and ''inebriation'' are all inkhorn terms carved from Latin words. In fact, the word ''etymology'' is derived from the Greek word ''etymologia'', meaning "true sense of the word". It is said that 80% of all scholarly English words are derived from Latin, in a large number of cases by way of French.

===Grammar===
{{main|Latin grammar}}

Latin is a [[Synthetic language|synthetic]] [[inflection]]al language: [[affix]]es (which usually encode more than one grammatical category) are attached to fixed [[stem (linguistics)|stem]]s to express [[grammatical gender|gender]], number, and [[grammatical case|case]] in [[adjective]]s, [[noun]]s, and [[pronoun]]s, which is called [[declension]]; and [[person]], number, [[tense]], [[voice]], [[mood]], and [[aspect]] in [[verb]]s, which is called [[Latin conjugation|conjugation]]. There are five declensions (''declinationes'') of nouns and four conjugations of verbs.

There are seven noun cases:

# [[Nominative case | Nominative]] (used as the subject of the verb or the predicate nominative),
# [[Genitive case | Genitive]] (used to indicate relation or possession, often represented by the English ''of'' or the addition of '''s'' to a noun),
# [[Dative case | Dative]] (used of the indirect object of the verb, often represented by the English ''to'' or ''for''. Common verbs used with this case include giving, showing, helping, trusting, and telling.)
# [[Accusative case | Accusative]] (used of the direct object of the verb, or object of the preposition in some cases),
# [[Ablative]] (separation, source, cause, or [[instrumental case|instrument]], often represented by the English ''by'', ''with'', ''from''),
# [[Vocative]] (used of the person or thing being addressed),
# [[Locative case ]] (used for certain words such as "house", "ground", and "countryside". The locative case also applies to city names such as "Rome", "Venice" or "Naples".)

Latin itself, being a very old language, is far closer to Proto-Indo-European than are most modern Western European languages; it has, in fact, about the same relationship with PIE as modern Italian or French has to Latin.

There are six general [[tense]]s in Latin (technically they are tense/aspect/mood complexes). The indicative mood can be used with all of them. The subjunctive [[mood]], however, has only present, imperfect, perfect, and pluperfect tenses. These tenses in the subjunctive mood do not completely correlate in meaning to the tenses in the indicative. The following examples are of the first conjugation verb ''laudare'' ("to praise") in the indicative mood and the active [[voice]]:

;Present system tenses
# [[Present tense | Present]] (''laudo'', "I praise," "I am praising")
# [[Imperfect tense | Imperfect]] (''laudabam'', "I was praising"; ''laudabat'', "he was praising")
# [[Future tense | Future]] (''laudabo'', "I shall praise," "I will praise")

;Perfect system tenses
# [[Perfect aspect | Perfect]] (''laudavi'', "I praised," "I have praised")
# [[Pluperfect tense | Pluperfect]] (''laudaveram'', "I had praised")
# [[Perfect aspect | Future perfect]] (''laudavero'', "I shall have praised," "I will have praised")

The future perfect tense can also imply a normal future idea (like in "When I will have run...").

== Education ==
[[Image:Latin_dictionary.jpg|thumb|250px|A multi-volume Latin dictionary in the University Library of Graz.]]

Although Latin was once the universal academic language in Europe, in recent years it has been supplanted by the study of many other languages; it is a requirement in relatively few places, and in some schools is not even offered. However, in Italy, Latin is still compulsory in secondary schools such as the ''Liceo Classico'' and ''Liceo Scientifico'', which are usually attended by people who aim to the highest level of education. In ''Liceo Classico'', [[ancient Greek]] is also a compulsory subject. In France, Latin is found in the Lycée Classique, and in Germany, Austria and the Netherlands at the highest level of high schools called Gymnasium. Latin was once taught in many of the schools in Britain with academic leanings—perhaps 25% of the total.[http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/T/teachem2/thennow/] However, the requirement for it was gradually abandoned in the professions such as law and medicine, and then, from around the late 1960s, for admission to university. After the introduction of the Modern Language [[General Certificate of Secondary Education|GCSE]] in the 1980s, it was gradually replaced by other languages, although it is now being taught by more schools along with other classical languages.

The linguistic element of Latin courses offered in high schools or secondary schools, and in universities, is primarily geared toward an ability to translate Latin texts into modern languages, rather than using it in oral communication. As such, the skill of reading is heavily emphasized, whereas speaking and listening skills are barely touched upon. However, there is a growing movement, sometimes known as the [[Living Latin]] movement, whose supporters believe that Latin can, or should, be taught in the same way that modern "living" languages are taught, that is, as a means of both spoken and written communication. One of the most interesting aspects of such an approach is that it assists speculative insight into how many of the ancient authors spoke and incorporated sounds of the language stylistically; without understanding how the language is meant to be heard it is very difficult to identify patterns in Latin poetry. Institutions offering Living Latin instruction include the [[Vatican City|Vatican]] and the University of Kentucky. In [[Great_Britain|Britain]], the [[Classical Association]] encourages this approach, and there has been something of a vogue for books describing the adventures of a mouse called Minimus. In the [[United States]], there is a thriving competitive organization for high school Latin students, the National Junior Classical League (the second-largest youth organization in the world after the Boy Scouts), backed up by the Senior Classical League for college students.

Many would-be [[international auxiliary language]]s have been heavily influenced by Latin, and the moderately successful [[Interlingua]] considers itself to be the modernized and simplified version of the language (''le latino moderne international e simplificate'').

Latin translations of modern literature such as Paddington Bear, Winnie the Pooh, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, Le Petit Prince, Max und Moritz, and The Cat in the Hat have also helped boost interest in the language.

==Romlangs==
Latin and Romance languages are frequently served as a main basis of many international auxilary languages. Below are conlangs mainly based on Latin or [[Romance languages]]:
* [[Esperanto]]
* [[Interlingua]]

== See also ==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
* [[Latin grammar]]
** [[Ablative absolute]]
** [[Latin declension]]
** [[Latin conjugation]]
** [[Word order in Latin]]
* [[Latin spelling and pronunciation]]
* [[Latin alphabet]]
** [[ISO/IEC 8859-1|Latin-1]]
* [[List of Latin phrases]]
* [[Greek and Latin roots]]
* [[List of Latin and Greek words commonly used in systematic names]]
* [[List of Latin words with English derivatives]]
** [[Latin verbs]] with English derivatives
** [[Latin nouns]] with English derivatives
{{col-2}}
* [[Ancient Rome]]
* [[Romance languages]]
* [[Simlish]]

{{col-end}}

== References ==
* Bennett, Charles E. ''Latin Grammar'' (Allyn and Bacon, Chicago, 1908)
* N. Vincent: "Latin", in ''The Romance Languages'', M. Harris and N. Vincent, eds., (Oxford Univ. Press. 1990), ISBN 0195208293
* Waquet, Françoise, ''Latin, or the Empire of a Sign: From the Sixteenth to the Twentieth Centuries'' (Verso, 2003) ISBN 1859844022; translated from the French by John Howe.
* Wheelock, Frederic. ''Latin: An Introduction'' (Collins, 6th ed., 2005) ISBN 0060784237

== External links ==
{{InterWiki|code=la}}
{{Wikibookspar||Latin}}
* [http://www.poetaexmachina.net/ Latin Poetry Text-to-Speech] Listen to a synthetic voice chant any poem in Latin. Non-emotive but accurate.
* [http://latinforum.org/ Latin forum] Board for Latin learners.
* [http://www.special-dictionary.com/latin/ Latin Phrases and Abbreviations] Large Collection of Latin phrases with search function. Special Dictionary.
* [http://latinquotes.net/ Latin quotes] Various topics.
* [http://latin-phrases.co.uk/dictionary/ Latin phrases dictionary] Alphabetical collection.
* [http://www.wheelockslatin.com/chapters/introduction/introduction.html Introduction to Latin Pronunciation] A page with spoken examples of pronunciation
* [http://www.jambell.com/latin.html Latin Phrases for after dinner conversation (Thanks to Elaine Poole)]
* [http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=lat Ethnologue report for Latin]
* [http://ephemeris.alcuinus.net Ephemeris] International news in latin and much more.
* [http://forumromanum.org/literature/index.html Corpus Scriptorum Latinorum] is a comprehensive webography of Latin texts and their translations.
* [http://www.alcuinus.net/GLL/index.htm Grex Latine Loquentium] mailing list IN Latin
* [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/ The Perseus Project] has many useful pages for the study of classical languages and literatures, including [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/resolveform?lang=Latin an interactive Latin dictionary].
* [http://lysy2.archives.nd.edu/cgi-bin/words.exe words by William whitaker] is a dictionary program online capable of looking up various word forms.
* [http://retiarius.org/ Retiarius.Org] includes a Latin text search engine.
* [http://www.nd.edu/~archives/latgramm.htm Latin-English dictionary and Latin grammar from U of Notre Dame]
* [http://latin-language.co.uk/ Latin language] History of Latin language, Latin texts with English translation and a collection of dictionaries.
* [http://avitus.alcuinus.net/scl/ Societas Circulorum Latinorum] gathers together Latin Circles all over the world.
* [http://www.mentalcode.com/latin Mentalcode Latin] - Interactive grammar and vocabulary exercises (free)
* [http://www.sprachprofi.de.vu/latin LearnLatin.tk] - Free online course in Latin (learnlatin.tk appears to be unavailable, the link directs to a mirror site)
* [http://www.latintests.net/ LatinTests.net] - Lets Latin learners test their grammar and vocabulary with self-checking quizzes.
* [http://thelatinlibrary.com/ The Latin Library] contains many Latin etexts
* [http://www.textkit.com/ Textkit] has Latin textbooks and etexts.
* [http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definition/Latin-english/ Latin–English Dictionary]: from Webster's Rosetta Edition.
* [http://www.language-reference.com/ Language reference] Cross-foreign-language lexicon powered by its own search engine. All cross combinations between Latin and French, German, Italian, Spanish.
* [http://comp.uark.edu/~mreynold/rhetor.html Rhetor by Gabriel Harvey] was originally published in 1577 and never again reprinted.
* [http://freewebs.com/omniamundamundis omniamundamundis] Latin hypertexts from fourteen ancient Roman authors.
* [http://www.saltspring.com/capewest/pron.htm Pronunciation of Biological Latin, Including Taxonomic Names of Plants and Animals]
* [http://www.yleradio1.fi/nuntii Nuntii Latini (News in Latin)], written and spoken (RealAudio) news in latin. Weekly review of world news in Classical Latin, the only international broadcast of its kind in the world, produced by [[Yleisradio|YLE]], the Finnish Broadcasting Company.
* [http://www.tranexp.com:2000/InterTran?url=http%3A%2F%2F&type=text&text=Replace%20Me&from=eng&to=ltt InterTran Latin], Translate from Latin to ENGLISH or vice versa.
* [http://avitus.alcuinus.net/schola_latina/ Schola Latina Universalis] is a school where you can learn to speak Latin.
* [http://www.latinvulgate.com Latin Vulgate] The Latin and English of the Old & New Testaments in parallel, along with the Complete Sayings of Jesus in parallel Latin and English.

{{wikipedia}} [[Wikipedia:Latin]]
{{Natlangs}}
[[Category:Italic natlangs]]

High German

2015-04-06T06:36:24Z

K1234567890y: /* High German Conlangs */

High German, or Hochdeutsch, (the stage is called '''New High German''') is the name of the standard form of Modern German. It is a [[West Germanic]] and is related to [[Low German]], [[Dutch]], and [[Anglo-Saxon]]/[[Modern English]]. Today it is the official language of Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Liechtenstein.

{{Language|
| English = High German
| native = HochDeutsch
| dialect english =
| country = Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Liechtenstein
| nativecountry = Deutschland, Schweiz, Österreich, Liechtenstein
| universe = Real world
| speakers = 105 million
| family = [[Indo-European]]
| branch = [[Germanic]]
| subbranch = [[West Germanic]]      [[German ]]
| wordorder = SVO, OVS/V2
| type = inflecting
| alignment = nominative-accusative
| author = unknown
| date = 1800-Present C.E.
| background = white
| headingbg = coral
| width = 33%
}}

=Outline of the History of High German=
High German has 4 primary written stages, similar to [[English]]. The four stages are as follows:
* '''[[Old High German]]'''
* '''[[Middle High German]]'''
* '''[[Early New High German]]'''
* '''New High German'''

The last stage is the Modern German of today.

=Difference between High and [[Low German]]=
High German differs from other West German languages such as [[Low German]], [[Modern English|English]], and [[Dutch]] in that High German when through the [[High German Consonant Shift]]. The High German Consonant Shift (or HGCS) is the sound shift where;
# Non-geminated voicless [[Stop|stops]] became [[Fricative|fricatives]],
# Geminated, [[Nasal|nasal]]-adjacent and [[Liquid|liquid]]-adjacent voiceless [[Stop|stops]] became [[Affricate|affricates]],
# Voiced stops became voiceless stops, and finally
# All interdental fricatives (/[[Voiced dental fricative|ð]]/ and /[[Voiceless dental fricative|θ]]/) became the dental stop and/or Alveolar stop /[[Voiced dental stop|d̻]]/ and /[[Voiced alveolar stop|d]]/. 
The last stage was shared by [[Low German]] and [[Dutch]].

All of these stages occur in the Highest of High German dialects, but Standard High German does not have all of them. The shift of /k/>/kx/ in stage 2 did not occur in the standard, although it did in [[Upper German]] dialects, such as [[Bavarian|Southern Bavarian]]. Also the only part of stage 3 which actually became part of standard '''High German''' was /d/>/t/. The other two happened only in the '''Highest of High German''' or '''Upper German''' dialects

=Orthography=
High German is written with the Latin alphabet. It has extra letters which represent some of the sounds of the German language, which are not otherwise found in the [[Roman alphabet|Latin alphabet]]. These include '''Ö ö, Ü ü, Ä ä, ß'''.

=Phonology=
==Consonants==
 
<div style="text-align: center;">

{| style="text-align: center; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1pt solid #c0c0c0;"
!colspan=17 style="text-align:center; background: #efefef;"| Consonants
|- style="vertical-align: center; font-size: x-small; height: 2em"
| ||colspan=2| Bilabial ||colspan=2| Labiod.||colspan=2| Alveolar||colspan=2| Post-alv. ||colspan=2| Palatal ||colspan=2| Velar ||colspan=2| Glottal
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Nasal || || {{IPA|m}} || || || || {{IPA|n}} || || || || || || {{IPA|ŋ}}
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Plosive || {{IPA|p}} || {{IPA|b}} || || || {{IPA|t}} || {{IPA|d}} || || || || || {{IPA|k}} || {{IPA|g}}
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Fricative || || || {{IPA|f}} || {{IPA|v}} || {{IPA|s}} || {{IPA|z}} || {{IPA|ʃ}} || (ʒ) || || ç || {{IPA|x}} || || {{IPA|h}}
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Affricate || || || pf || || {{IPA|ʦ}} || || {{IPA|ʧ}} || (ʤ) || || || (kx)
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Approximants || || || || || || || || || || {{IPA|j}}
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Trill || || || || || || {{IPA|r}}
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Lateral Approximant || || || || || || {{IPA|l}}
|}

</div>

* The diagraph '''ch''' is /x/ after a back vowel, and /ç/ elsewhere.
* '''v''' and '''f''' are (usually) both pronounced /f/, and '''w''' is pronounced /v/.
* /ŋ/ occurs as '''ng''' and /ŋk/ is '''nk'''.
* '''sch''' is pronounced /ʃ/. '''tsch''' is pronounced /ʧ/.
* Initially '''s''' is pronounced /z/ before vowels, and /ʃ/ before a consonant (such as '''st''' and '''sp''').
* '''j''' is pronounced /j/.
* The spellings '''tz''' and '''z''' are pronounced /ʦ/.
* '''ß''' and '''ss''' are pronounced /s/.
* German has [[Final Devoicing|final devoicing]]. This means that all voiced consonants with voiceless forms become those voiceless forms, at the end of the word.

==Vowels==

 
<div style="text-align: center;">

{| style="text-align: center; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1pt solid #c0c0c0;"
!colspan=11 style="text-align:center; background: #efefef;"| Vowels
|-
| ||colspan="2"|Front || Central || Back
|-
| || Unround || Rounded || Unrounded || Rounded
|-
| High || iː - ɪ || yː - ʏ || || uː - ʊ
|-
| Mid || eː - ɛ || øː - œ || ə || oː - ɔ
|-
| Low || || || aː/a
|-
| colspan="7"| All entries are: Tense - Lax
|}

</div>

* In order to form the long version of a vowel, add '''-h''' after the vowel or in rare cases double the vowel, although that is more common in [[Low German]] and [[Dutch]].
* Final '''e''' is pronounced /ə/.
* '''ü''' is pronounced /yː/, /ʏ/.
* '''ö''' is pronounced /øː/, /œ/.
* '''ä''' is pronounced /eː/, /ɛ/.

===Diphthongs===
*'''eu''' and '''äu''' are pronounced /ɔʏ/, /ɔɪ/.
*'''ei''' and '''ai''' are pronounced /aɪ/.
*'''au''' is pronounced /aʊ/.

=Grammar=
==The General Stuff==
===Gender and Number===
[[Noun]]s, [[Adjective]]s, [[Article]]s, and to some extent [[Pronoun]]s are all affected by [[Gender]] and [[Number]].
There are three genders and two numbers in High German. The three genders are [[Masculine]], [[Feminine]], and [[Neuter]], and the numbers are [[Singular]] and [[Plural]]. Usually all forms of the Plural are the same, when it comes to adjectives and articles.

===Case===
In German, there are four cases, [[Nominative]], [[Accusative]], [[Genitive]], and [[Dative]]. These affect articles, pronouns, adjectives, and nouns. The prepositions of German also affect whether an phrase is genitive, dative, or accusative.

==Articles==
There are [[definite articles]] and [[indefinite articles]] in German as well as in [[Modern English|English]]. Articles are affected by [[Case|case]], [[Gender|gender]], and [[Number|number]]. The plural is the same across the genders.

===Definite===
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Masculine
! Feminine
! Neuter
! Plural (all Genders)
|-
| '''Nominative''' || der || die || das || die
|-
| '''Genitive''' || des || der || des || der
|-
| '''Dative''' || dem || der || dem || den
|-
| '''Accusative''' || den || die || das || die
|}

===Indefinite===
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Masculine
! Feminine
! Neuter
! Plural (all Genders)
|-
| '''Nominative''' || ein || eine || ein || meine†
|-
| '''Genitive''' || eines || einer || eines || meiner
|-
| '''Dative''' || einem || einer || einem || meinen
|-
| '''Accusative''' || einen || eine || ein || meine
|}
† There is no plural form of '''ein''', but there are other indefinite article-style words that do, such as '''mein''' which means '''my'''.

==Nouns==
Gender is arbitrary in German, but Nouns referring to living being usually are the gender of that being. The ending of a noun is usually helpful in figuring out which gender a noun is, although it is not always the case.

Also, the first letter all German nouns is always capitalized.

===Genders of Nouns===
* Masculine
** Nouns ending with '''-en''' are usually masculine (that are not derived from verbs). Ex. Der Garten, der Norden.
** Nouns ending '''-er''' are usually masculine. Ex. Der Lehrer, die Amerikaner
** Nouns ending with '''-ismus''' are masculine. Ex. Der Feminismus, Der Kommunismus,
* Feminine
** To convert masculine nouns ending to feminine, add '''-in''' to it. Ex. Die Lehrer'''in''', Die Freund'''in'''.
** Most nouns ending with '''-e'''. Ex. Die Frage, Die Straße,
** Nouns ending with '''-ion, -ik, -ie, -unft, -tät, -ei, -heit, -keit, -schaft,''' and '''-ung''' are almost always feminine. Ex. Die Logik, Die Magie, Die Universität, Die Vorlesung, Die Gesundheit, etc.
* Neuter
** Young living beings are Neuter. Ex. Das Kind, Das Lamm, Das Baby,
** The ending '''-chen''' and '''-lein''' are diminutives and are always neuter. Ex. Das Mädchen, Das Märchen. 
'''-lein''' is used more in the south than in the north, so it's less common in the standard form of German. 
** Metals and infinitive-nouns are always neuter. Ex. Das Gold, Das Metall, Das Singen, Das Essen,

===Forming the Plural===
The formation of the plural is different for many different nouns. The idea of the Umlaut is important in forming the plural as well.
*For monosyllabic words, the plural is usually for by adding '''-e''' in the masculine and feminine and '''-er''' in some neuter nouns.
*For Polysyllabic masculine and neuter nouns, many take no ending, but most others take '''-e''' as an ending.
*For most Polysyllabic feminine nouns that end with '''-e''', '''-er''' or '''-el''', the ending is '''-n''' or '''-en'''. If the ending is '''-in''' then the total ending is '''-innen'''.
*Foreign words (except those from Latin) and new words usually take the ending '''-s'''.

===Noun Declensions===
There are many different kinds of German Nouns. Here are a few fully declined ones: 
'''Masculine:''' 
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Tag 'Day'
! Tage 'Days'
! Apfel 'Apple'
! Äpfel'Apples'
|-
| '''Nominative''' || Der Tag || Die Tage || Der Apfel || Die Äpfel
|-
| '''Genitive''' || Des Tag(e)s || Der Tage || Des Apfels || Der Äpfel
|-
| '''Dative''' || Dem Tag(e) || Den Tagen || Dem Apfel || Den Äpfeln
|-
| '''Accusative''' || Den Tag || Die Tage || Den Apfel || Die Äpfel
|}
'''Feminine:'''
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Hand 'Hand'
! Hände 'Hands'
! Freude 'Joy'
! Freuden 'Joys'
|-
| '''Nominative''' || Die Hand || Die Hände || Die Freude || Die Freuden
|-
| '''Genitive''' || Der Hand || Der Hände || Der Freude || Der Freuden
|-
| '''Dative''' || Der Hand || Den Händen || Der Freude || Den Freuden
|-
| '''Accusative''' || Die Hand || Die Hände || Die Freude || Die Freuden
|}
'''Neuter:'''
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Schiff 'Ship'
! Schiffe 'Ships'
! Volk 'Folk, People'
! Völker 'Folks, Peoples'
|-
| '''Nominative''' || Das Schiff || Die Schiffe || Das Volk || Die Völker
|-
| '''Genitive''' || Des Schiff(e)s || Der Schiffe || Des Volk(e)s || Der Völker
|-
| '''Dative''' || Dem Schiff(e) || Den Schiffen || Dem Volk(e) || Den Völkern
|-
| '''Accusative''' || Das Schiff || Die Schiffe || Das Volk || Die Völker
|}

==Personal Pronouns==
'''First person:'''
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Singular
! Plural
|-
| '''Nominative''' || ich || wir
|-
| '''Genitive''' || meiner || uns(e)rer
|-
| '''Dative''' || mir || uns
|-
| '''Accusative''' || mich || uns
|}

'''Second person:'''
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Singular Informal
! Plural Informal
! Plural/Singular Formal
|-
| '''Nominative''' || du || ihr || Sie‡
|-
| '''Genitive''' || deiner || eu(e)rer || Ihrer
|-
| '''Dative''' || dir || euch || Ihnen
|-
| '''Accusative''' || dich || euch || Sie
|}
‡The formal plural pronoun '''Sie''' is the same form as the 3rd person plural pronoun '''sie''' but is also always capitalized.

'''Third person:'''
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Mascu. Sing.
! Fem. Sing.
! Neut. Sing.
! Plural
|-
| '''Nominative''' || er || sie || es || sie
|-
| '''Genitive''' || seiner || ihrer || seiner || ihrer
|-
| '''Dative''' || ihm || ihr || ihm || ihnen
|-
| '''Accusative''' || ihn || sie || es || sie
|}

==Possessive Pronouns==

'''Attributively-used''' they agree with the noun they refer to in case, number and gender. They stand always in front of the noun.

{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! 1st Sg.
! 2nd Sg.
! 3rd Sg. masc.
! 3rd Sg. fem.
! 3rd Sg. neut.
! 1st Pl.
! 2nd Pl.
! 3rd Pl.
! 2nd Formal
|-
| '''Nominative Sg. m./n.''' || mein || dein || sein || ihr || sein || unser || euer || ihr || Ihr
|-
| '''Nominative Sg. f''' || meine || deine || seine || ihre || seine || unsere || eure || ihre || Ihre
|-
| '''Nominative Pl.''' || meine || deine || seine || ihre || seine || unsere || eure || ihre || Ihre
|-
| '''Genitive Sg. m./n.''' || meines || deines || seines || ihres || seines || unseres || eures || ihres || Ihres
|-
| '''Genitive Sg. f.''' || meiner || deiner || seiner || ihrer || seiner || unserer || eurer || ihrer || Ihrer
|-
| '''Genitive Pl. '''|| meiner || deiner || seiner || ihrer || seiner || unserer || eurer || ihrer || Ihrer
|-
| '''Dative Sg. m./n.''' || meinem || deinem || seinem || ihrem || seinem || unserem || eurem || ihrem || Ihrem
|-
| '''Dative Sg. f.''' || meiner || deiner || seiner || ihrer || seiner || unserer || eurer || ihrer || Ihrer
|-
| '''Dative Pl. '''|| meinen || deinen || seinen || ihren || seinen || unseren || euren || ihren || Ihren
|-
| '''Accusative Sg. m.''' || meinen || deinen || seinen || ihren || seinen || unseren || euren || ihren || Ihren
|-
| '''Accusative Sg. f.''' || meine || deinen || seine || ihre || seine || unsere || eure || ihre || Ihre
|-
| '''Accusative Sg. n.''' || mein || dein || sein || ihr || sein || unser || euer || ihr || Ihr
|-
| '''Accusative Pl. '''|| meine || deine || seine || ihre || seine || unsere || eure || ihre || Ihre
|}

'''mein Haus''' - ''my house '' 
'''deiner Frau''' - ''of your wife, to your wife'' 
'''ihrem Buch''' - ''to her book ''

'''Predicatively-used''' they function as follows:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! 1st Sg.
! 2nd Sg.
! 3rd Sg. masc.
! 3rd Sg. fem.
! 3rd Sg. neut.
! 1st Pl.
! 2nd Pl.
! 3rd Pl.
! 2nd Formal
|-
| '''Masculine Sg.''' || meiner || deiner || seiner || ihrer || seiner || unserer || eurer || ihrer || Ihrer
|-
| '''Feminine Sg. '''|| meine || deine || seine || ihrer || seine || unsere || eure || ihre || Ihre
|-
| '''Neuter Sg. '''|| meines || deines || seines || ihres || seines || unseres || eures || ihres || Ihres
|-
| '''Plural''' || meine || deine || seine || ihre || seine || unsere || eure || ihre || Ihre
|}

'''Dieser Baum ist meiner.''' - ''This tree is mine.'' 
'''Seines ist es nicht.''' - ''This isn't his.''

==Adjectives and Adverbs==
===Adjectives===
German adjectives have different behaviours and patterns depending on whether there are articles or not, and whether those articles are definite or indefinite. Predicate adjectives take no endings.

'''Gut = Good'''
With Definite articles and demonstratives, so-called '''der'''-Words:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Masculine
! Feminine
! Neuter
! Plural (all Genders)
|-
| '''Nominative''' || Der '''gute''' Hund|| Die '''gute''' Katze || Das '''gute''' Boot|| Die '''guten''' Völker
|-
| '''Genitive''' || Des '''guten''' Hundes || Der '''guten''' Katze || Des '''guten''' Bootes || Der '''guten''' Völker
|-
| '''Dative''' || Dem '''guten''' Hunde || Der '''guten''' Katze || Dem '''guten''' Boot || Den '''guten''' Völkern
|-
| '''Accusative''' || Den '''guten''' Hund || Die '''gute''' Katze || Das '''gute''' Boot || Die '''guten''' Völker
|}
With the Indefinite articles and possessives, so-called '''ein'''-words:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Masculine
! Feminine
! Neuter
! Plural (all Genders)
|-
| '''Nominative''' || ein '''guter''' Hund|| eine '''gute''' Katze || ein '''gutes''' Boot|| Meine '''guten''' Völker
|-
| '''Genitive''' || eines '''guten''' Hundes || einer '''guten''' Katze || eines '''guten''' Bootes || Meiner '''guten''' Völker
|-
| '''Dative''' || einem '''guten''' Hunde || einer '''guten''' Katze || einem '''guten''' Boot || Meinen '''guten''' Völkern
|-
| '''Accusative''' || einen '''guten''' Hund || eine '''gute''' Katze || ein '''gutes''' Boot || Meine '''guten''' Völker
|}

Articles without articles of any form:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Masculine
! Feminine
! Neuter
! Plural (all Genders)
|-
| '''Nominative''' || '''guter''' Hund|| '''gute''' Katze || '''gutes''' Boot|| Meine '''guten''' Völker
|-
| '''Genitive''' || '''guten''' Hundes || '''guter''' Katze || '''guten''' Bootes || Meiner '''guten''' Völker
|-
| '''Dative''' || '''gutem''' Hunde || '''guter''' Katze || '''gutem''' Boot || Meinen '''guten''' Völkern
|-
| '''Accusative''' || '''guten''' Hund || '''gute''' Katze || '''gutes''' Boot || Meine '''guten''' Völker
|}
===Adverbs===
In High German, the change from an adjective to an adverb does not require an ending, as it would in [[Modern English]] or [[French]]. The adverb form is usually the same as the nominative masculine form of the adjective.

The Word Order for Adverbs usually follows a pattern of the ordering of 1. Time, 2. Manner, and 3. Place. This means '''Gut''' in German can mean both '''well''' and '''good'''. There are other words which are strictly adverbs, such as '''sehr''', which means '''very'''.

==Prepositions==
Prepositions are classified by the cases that follow them. Some have the accusative case follow, some the dative, and some the genitive. However some take either accusative or dative, based on whether or not it is a there is motion involved.
===Accusative===
bis - until, as far as 
durch - through, by means of 
entlang - along, down 
für - for 
gegen - against, around 
ohne - without 
um - around 
===Dative===
aus - out of, from, made of, 
außer - at, 
bei - at, near, with, 
gegenüber von - opposite, across from, 
mit - with 
nach - to, after, according to, 
seit - since, for a period of time, 
von - from, of, by 
zu - to 

===Accusative and Dative===
an - on, to go to, 
auf - on, to, in, at 
hinter - behind, 
in - in, into, to, 
neben - next to, beside, 
über - over, above, across, 
unter - under, 
vor - in front of, before 
zwischen - between, 
===Genitive===
anstatt - instead of, 
statt - instead of, 
trotz - in spite of 
während - during 
wegen - because of, 
==Conjunctions==
There are different conjunctions which affect a sentence in different ways. [[Coordinating Conjunction]]s usually do not affect the word or of a German sentence, whereas [[Subordinating Conjunction]]s usually involve the transposed word order mentioned below.
===Coordinating Conjunctions===
aber - but 
denn - because, for 
oder - or 
sondern - but, rather, 
und - and 
===Subordinating Conjunctions===
als, wann, wenn - when 
bevor - before 
bis - until 
da - since, 
damit - so that, 
dass - that 
ob - whether, if 
obwohl - although 
seit - since 
während - while 
weil - because 
wenn - if 

==Verbs==
 Main Page: [[High German Verbs]] 
German Verbs have two major subdivisions, [[Strong]] and [[Weak]]. German verbs are conjugated according to 3 [[Person|persons]], 2 [[Number|numbers]], 2 inflecting [[Tense|tenses]], and 3 [[Mood|moods]], although German is rather intermediate when it comes to verbal inflection. The [[German Strong Verbs]] often have some patterns and classifications which are used for identifying them.

The [[infinitive]] of a verb is formed by adding '''-en''' to the end.

The [[imperative]] is formed, in the 2nd person singular informal by only the verb stem, the 2nd person plural informal is formed by adding '''-t''' to the stem. The 2nd personal formal is formed by adding '''-en''' to the stem and adding '''Sie''' afterwards. The "let's" or first person plural imperative is formed by adding '''-en''' and '''wir''' after words or, as in English, with the imperative of '''lassen''' and '''uns'''. Examples: Verb: Gehen - to go 
'''Geh nach Hause!''' 
'''Geht nach Hause!''' 
'''Gehen Sie nach Hause!''' 
Go home! 
'''Gehen wir nach Hause. / Lass uns nach Hause gehen. '''(speaking to one person)''' / Lasst uns nach Hause gehen.''' (speaking to several persons) - let's go home. 

===Modals===
There are a few verbs which are essential for German. These are called Modals or [[Modal Auxiliaries]]. There are 6 primary modals, and one which has a subjunctive form in common use. The latter would be '''Möchten''' which is the subjunctive of '''Mögen'''. The modal in the present tense is as follows:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
| colspan="15" align="center"|'''Present tense'''
|-
| '''Infinitive''' ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''dürfen''' may, to be allowed|| colspan="2" align="center"| '''können''' can, to be able, ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''müssen''' must, to have to, ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''sollen''' should, ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''mögen''' to like, ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''möchten''' would like, ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''wollen''' to want,
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || darf || dürfen || kann || können || muss || müssen || soll || sollen || mag || mögen || möchte || möchten || will || wollen
|-
| '''2nd person''' || darfst || dürft || kannst || könnt || musst || müsst || sollst || sollt || magst || mögt || möchtest || möchtet || willst ||wollt
|-
| '''3rd person''' || darf || dürfen || kann || können || muss || müssen || soll || sollen || mag || mögen || möchte || möchten || will || wollen
|}

===Auxiliaries===
The most important auxiliaries are '''sein''' (to be), '''werden''' (to become, shall, will), and '''haben''' (to have). '''Sein''' and '''Haben''' are both used to form the [[Present Perfect]] tense, and '''Werden''' is used to form the [[Future]] tense.
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
| colspan="7" align="center"|'''Present tense'''
|-
| '''Infinitive''' ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Sein''' to be|| colspan="2" align="center"| '''Haben''' to have ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Werden''' to become
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || bin || sind || habe || haben || werde || werden
|-
| '''2nd person''' || bist || seid || hast || habt || wirst || werdet
|-
| '''3rd person''' || ist || sind || hat || haben || wird || werden
|-
| colspan="7" align="center"|'''Imperfect Tense'''
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || war|| waren || hatte || hatten || wurde || wurden
|-
| '''2nd person''' || warst|| wart || hattest|| hattet || wurdest || wurdet
|-
| '''3rd person''' || war || waren || hatte|| hatten || wurde || wurden
|-
| colspan="7" align="center"|'''Perfect Form'''
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || bin gewesen || sind gewesen || habe gehabt || haben gehabt || bin geworden || sind geworden
|-
| '''2nd person''' || bist gewesen || seid gewesen || hast gehabt || habt gehabt || bist geworden || seid geworden
|-
| '''3rd person''' || ist gewesen || sind gewesen || hat gehabt || haben gehabt || ist geworden || sind geworden
|}

===Present Tense===
In the present tense, German verbs follow a common pattern. Quite a few verbs have change or umlaut the vowel in the second person informal singular and the third person singular. Verbs that end with an alveolar fricative or affricate have identical '''du'''-forms and '''er, sie, es''' forms. Verbs ending '''-d''' or '''-t''' insert an '''-e-''' in the '''du''', '''ihr''', and '''er, sie, es''' forms. Here are examples:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
| colspan="9" align="center"|'''Present tense'''
|-
| '''Infinitive''' ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Lernen''' To Learn|| colspan="2" align="center"| '''Antworten''' to answer ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Heißen''' to be called ||colspan="2" align="center"|'''Fahren''' to drive, go
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || lerne || lernen || antworte || antworten || heiße || heißen || fahre || fahren
|-
| '''2nd person''' || lernst || lernt || antwortest || antwortet || heißt || heißt || fährst || fahrt
|-
| '''3rd person''' || lernt || lernen || antwortet || antworten || heißt || heißen || fährt || fahren
|}

===Perfect Tense===
The present perfect is used in High German in the same senses that English uses the [[Simple Past]] and the [[Perfect]] tenses. For weak verbs, in order to form the Present tense, first a form of '''haben''' (or '''sein''') must be used, and at the end of the clause comes the verb. For the verb, '''ge-''' must be attached to beginning of the stem and '''-t''' must be attached to the end. In many strong verbs, '''ge-''' is still often attached, but sometimes '''-en''' is the ending. Also many strong verbs involve a vowel stem change as well.

Most Verbs take '''haben''' as the auxiliary verb, but verbs of motion and select others take the verb '''sein''' as the auxiliary.
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
| colspan="9" align="center"|'''Present Perfect Tense'''
|-
| '''Infinitive''' ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Lernen''' To Learn|| colspan="2" align="center"| '''Antworten''' to answer ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Heißen''' to be called ||colspan="2" align="center"|'''Fahren''' to drive, go
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || habe gelernt || haben gelernt || habe geantwortet || haben geantwortet|| habe geheißen || haben geheißen || habe gefahren || haben gefahren
|-
| '''2nd person''' || hast gelernt || habt gelernt || hast geantwortet|| habt geantwortet|| hast geheißen || habt geheißen || hast gefahren || habt fahren
|-
| '''3rd person''' || hat gelernt || haben gelernt || hat geantwortet|| haben geantwortet|| hat geheißen|| haben geheißen || hat gefahren || haben gefahren
|}

===Imperfect===
The Imperfect tense in High German is used more as a written tense than as a spoken one, although a few key words are used more often in speech as well, such as the Modals and Auxiliaries. The Imperfect tense is used to describe something that happened a while in the past. It differs greatly from the Romance and Slavic Language idea of Imperfect. It is used in telling stories of things that happened a long time ago.
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
| colspan="9" align="center"|'''Imperfect tense'''
|-
| '''Infinitive''' ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Lernen''' To Learn|| colspan="2" align="center"| '''Antworten''' to answer ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Heißen''' to be called ||colspan="2" align="center"|'''Fahren''' to drive, go
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || lernte || lernten || antwortete || antworteten || hieß || hießen || fuhr || fuhren
|-
| '''2nd person''' || lerntest || lerntet || antwortetest || antwortetet || hießest || hießt || fuhrst || fuhrt
|-
| '''3rd person''' || lernte || lernten || antwortete || antworteten || hieß || hießen || fuhr || fuhren
|}

==Word Order==
German word order is fairly unique and has particular features with which a learner must become acquainted. The normal order is SVO, and occasional OVS, because German has a structure know as V2 or 2nd Position Verb rule, as described here:
{|class="blueinfobox" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|"...I find German to be the strangest in the area of syntax. German has several interesting word order issues. Now a simple German sentence can be SVO. But German, as well as most other Germanic language such as Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, and Dutch, follow what I call the 2nd Position Verb rule. This states that no matter where the objects and subjects move, the conjugated verb or Finite verb stays in the second position. So this means that SVO or OVS are very common. Here is an example, You can say in German: 
'''Ich sehe den Himmel.''' (I see the sky.) or 
'''Den Himmel sehe ich.''' (The sky see I.) 
We can see how the verb stays when the other elements move. Now for questions it is acceptable to have a verb in the first position, using a standard inverted word order. However for many statements the verb second ideal needs to stay in place." [http://blackkdark.deviantart.com/art/AGT-Word-Order-or-Basic-Syntax-81429546]
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'''[[Timothy Patrick Snyder]]'''
|}

However, German and [[Dutch]] both have a unique trait in having something called Transposed or Dependent Clause word order. This type of word order only occurs inside dependent clauses, and what happens is that the inflected or [[finite]] verb is sent to the end. It is described as this:
{|class="blueinfobox" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|"Now the pattern that Dutch and German have, but is not really shared with the other Germanic languages, is the movement of the conjugated verb to the end of a dependent clause. This might seem strange at first, but one must learn to notice it. An example would be: 
'''Der Mann, den ich gestern sah, ist gegangen.''' 
('''The man, whom I yesterday saw, left.''') 
Instead of; '''The man, whom I saw yesterday, left.'''" [http://blackkdark.deviantart.com/art/AGT-Word-Order-or-Basic-Syntax-81429546] 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'''[[Timothy Patrick Snyder]]'''
|}
Another interesting feature is the movement of the [[Infinitive]]s and [[Past Participle]]s to the end of the sentence. This is a trait that written German got from Latin, and then it became common in spoken German as well. It also leads to idioms such as '''Ich kann Deutsch.''' (Lit. '''I can German''', but means, '''I can speak German''') which comes from the expression '''Ich kann Deutsch sprechen.''' In the cases of Transposed word order, the inverted verb goes after the infinitives and participles.

=Sources and External Links=
<references />

[http://blackkdark.deviantart.com/art/AGT-Word-Order-or-Basic-Syntax-81429546 An Introduction to Basic Word Order] by [[Timothy Patrick Snyder]]

Stern, Guy, and Everett Bleiler. Essential German Grammar. Mineola, New York. Dover Publications inc, 1961.

Dippmann, Gerda, and Johanna Watzinger-Tharp. A Practical review of German Grammar. New Jersey, Prentice-Hall inc. 2000.

Page written by [[Timothy Patrick Snyder]].

=High German Conlangs=
Below are conlangs based on [[Old High German]], [[Middle High German]], and modern High German dialects:
* [[Da Mätz se Basa]]
* [[Koulesch]]

=Translations=

[[Category:Germanic natlangs]]
{{Natlangs}}
[[Category:Linguistics]]

High German

2015-04-06T06:35:21Z

K1234567890y: /* Sources and External Links */

High German, or Hochdeutsch, (the stage is called '''New High German''') is the name of the standard form of Modern German. It is a [[West Germanic]] and is related to [[Low German]], [[Dutch]], and [[Anglo-Saxon]]/[[Modern English]]. Today it is the official language of Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Liechtenstein.

{{Language|
| English = High German
| native = HochDeutsch
| dialect english =
| country = Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Liechtenstein
| nativecountry = Deutschland, Schweiz, Österreich, Liechtenstein
| universe = Real world
| speakers = 105 million
| family = [[Indo-European]]
| branch = [[Germanic]]
| subbranch = [[West Germanic]]      [[German ]]
| wordorder = SVO, OVS/V2
| type = inflecting
| alignment = nominative-accusative
| author = unknown
| date = 1800-Present C.E.
| background = white
| headingbg = coral
| width = 33%
}}

=Outline of the History of High German=
High German has 4 primary written stages, similar to [[English]]. The four stages are as follows:
* '''[[Old High German]]'''
* '''[[Middle High German]]'''
* '''[[Early New High German]]'''
* '''New High German'''

The last stage is the Modern German of today.

=Difference between High and [[Low German]]=
High German differs from other West German languages such as [[Low German]], [[Modern English|English]], and [[Dutch]] in that High German when through the [[High German Consonant Shift]]. The High German Consonant Shift (or HGCS) is the sound shift where;
# Non-geminated voicless [[Stop|stops]] became [[Fricative|fricatives]],
# Geminated, [[Nasal|nasal]]-adjacent and [[Liquid|liquid]]-adjacent voiceless [[Stop|stops]] became [[Affricate|affricates]],
# Voiced stops became voiceless stops, and finally
# All interdental fricatives (/[[Voiced dental fricative|ð]]/ and /[[Voiceless dental fricative|θ]]/) became the dental stop and/or Alveolar stop /[[Voiced dental stop|d̻]]/ and /[[Voiced alveolar stop|d]]/. 
The last stage was shared by [[Low German]] and [[Dutch]].

All of these stages occur in the Highest of High German dialects, but Standard High German does not have all of them. The shift of /k/>/kx/ in stage 2 did not occur in the standard, although it did in [[Upper German]] dialects, such as [[Bavarian|Southern Bavarian]]. Also the only part of stage 3 which actually became part of standard '''High German''' was /d/>/t/. The other two happened only in the '''Highest of High German''' or '''Upper German''' dialects

=Orthography=
High German is written with the Latin alphabet. It has extra letters which represent some of the sounds of the German language, which are not otherwise found in the [[Roman alphabet|Latin alphabet]]. These include '''Ö ö, Ü ü, Ä ä, ß'''.

=Phonology=
==Consonants==
 
<div style="text-align: center;">

{| style="text-align: center; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1pt solid #c0c0c0;"
!colspan=17 style="text-align:center; background: #efefef;"| Consonants
|- style="vertical-align: center; font-size: x-small; height: 2em"
| ||colspan=2| Bilabial ||colspan=2| Labiod.||colspan=2| Alveolar||colspan=2| Post-alv. ||colspan=2| Palatal ||colspan=2| Velar ||colspan=2| Glottal
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Nasal || || {{IPA|m}} || || || || {{IPA|n}} || || || || || || {{IPA|ŋ}}
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Plosive || {{IPA|p}} || {{IPA|b}} || || || {{IPA|t}} || {{IPA|d}} || || || || || {{IPA|k}} || {{IPA|g}}
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Fricative || || || {{IPA|f}} || {{IPA|v}} || {{IPA|s}} || {{IPA|z}} || {{IPA|ʃ}} || (ʒ) || || ç || {{IPA|x}} || || {{IPA|h}}
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Affricate || || || pf || || {{IPA|ʦ}} || || {{IPA|ʧ}} || (ʤ) || || || (kx)
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Approximants || || || || || || || || || || {{IPA|j}}
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Trill || || || || || || {{IPA|r}}
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Lateral Approximant || || || || || || {{IPA|l}}
|}

</div>

* The diagraph '''ch''' is /x/ after a back vowel, and /ç/ elsewhere.
* '''v''' and '''f''' are (usually) both pronounced /f/, and '''w''' is pronounced /v/.
* /ŋ/ occurs as '''ng''' and /ŋk/ is '''nk'''.
* '''sch''' is pronounced /ʃ/. '''tsch''' is pronounced /ʧ/.
* Initially '''s''' is pronounced /z/ before vowels, and /ʃ/ before a consonant (such as '''st''' and '''sp''').
* '''j''' is pronounced /j/.
* The spellings '''tz''' and '''z''' are pronounced /ʦ/.
* '''ß''' and '''ss''' are pronounced /s/.
* German has [[Final Devoicing|final devoicing]]. This means that all voiced consonants with voiceless forms become those voiceless forms, at the end of the word.

==Vowels==

 
<div style="text-align: center;">

{| style="text-align: center; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1pt solid #c0c0c0;"
!colspan=11 style="text-align:center; background: #efefef;"| Vowels
|-
| ||colspan="2"|Front || Central || Back
|-
| || Unround || Rounded || Unrounded || Rounded
|-
| High || iː - ɪ || yː - ʏ || || uː - ʊ
|-
| Mid || eː - ɛ || øː - œ || ə || oː - ɔ
|-
| Low || || || aː/a
|-
| colspan="7"| All entries are: Tense - Lax
|}

</div>

* In order to form the long version of a vowel, add '''-h''' after the vowel or in rare cases double the vowel, although that is more common in [[Low German]] and [[Dutch]].
* Final '''e''' is pronounced /ə/.
* '''ü''' is pronounced /yː/, /ʏ/.
* '''ö''' is pronounced /øː/, /œ/.
* '''ä''' is pronounced /eː/, /ɛ/.

===Diphthongs===
*'''eu''' and '''äu''' are pronounced /ɔʏ/, /ɔɪ/.
*'''ei''' and '''ai''' are pronounced /aɪ/.
*'''au''' is pronounced /aʊ/.

=Grammar=
==The General Stuff==
===Gender and Number===
[[Noun]]s, [[Adjective]]s, [[Article]]s, and to some extent [[Pronoun]]s are all affected by [[Gender]] and [[Number]].
There are three genders and two numbers in High German. The three genders are [[Masculine]], [[Feminine]], and [[Neuter]], and the numbers are [[Singular]] and [[Plural]]. Usually all forms of the Plural are the same, when it comes to adjectives and articles.

===Case===
In German, there are four cases, [[Nominative]], [[Accusative]], [[Genitive]], and [[Dative]]. These affect articles, pronouns, adjectives, and nouns. The prepositions of German also affect whether an phrase is genitive, dative, or accusative.

==Articles==
There are [[definite articles]] and [[indefinite articles]] in German as well as in [[Modern English|English]]. Articles are affected by [[Case|case]], [[Gender|gender]], and [[Number|number]]. The plural is the same across the genders.

===Definite===
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Masculine
! Feminine
! Neuter
! Plural (all Genders)
|-
| '''Nominative''' || der || die || das || die
|-
| '''Genitive''' || des || der || des || der
|-
| '''Dative''' || dem || der || dem || den
|-
| '''Accusative''' || den || die || das || die
|}

===Indefinite===
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Masculine
! Feminine
! Neuter
! Plural (all Genders)
|-
| '''Nominative''' || ein || eine || ein || meine†
|-
| '''Genitive''' || eines || einer || eines || meiner
|-
| '''Dative''' || einem || einer || einem || meinen
|-
| '''Accusative''' || einen || eine || ein || meine
|}
† There is no plural form of '''ein''', but there are other indefinite article-style words that do, such as '''mein''' which means '''my'''.

==Nouns==
Gender is arbitrary in German, but Nouns referring to living being usually are the gender of that being. The ending of a noun is usually helpful in figuring out which gender a noun is, although it is not always the case.

Also, the first letter all German nouns is always capitalized.

===Genders of Nouns===
* Masculine
** Nouns ending with '''-en''' are usually masculine (that are not derived from verbs). Ex. Der Garten, der Norden.
** Nouns ending '''-er''' are usually masculine. Ex. Der Lehrer, die Amerikaner
** Nouns ending with '''-ismus''' are masculine. Ex. Der Feminismus, Der Kommunismus,
* Feminine
** To convert masculine nouns ending to feminine, add '''-in''' to it. Ex. Die Lehrer'''in''', Die Freund'''in'''.
** Most nouns ending with '''-e'''. Ex. Die Frage, Die Straße,
** Nouns ending with '''-ion, -ik, -ie, -unft, -tät, -ei, -heit, -keit, -schaft,''' and '''-ung''' are almost always feminine. Ex. Die Logik, Die Magie, Die Universität, Die Vorlesung, Die Gesundheit, etc.
* Neuter
** Young living beings are Neuter. Ex. Das Kind, Das Lamm, Das Baby,
** The ending '''-chen''' and '''-lein''' are diminutives and are always neuter. Ex. Das Mädchen, Das Märchen. 
'''-lein''' is used more in the south than in the north, so it's less common in the standard form of German. 
** Metals and infinitive-nouns are always neuter. Ex. Das Gold, Das Metall, Das Singen, Das Essen,

===Forming the Plural===
The formation of the plural is different for many different nouns. The idea of the Umlaut is important in forming the plural as well.
*For monosyllabic words, the plural is usually for by adding '''-e''' in the masculine and feminine and '''-er''' in some neuter nouns.
*For Polysyllabic masculine and neuter nouns, many take no ending, but most others take '''-e''' as an ending.
*For most Polysyllabic feminine nouns that end with '''-e''', '''-er''' or '''-el''', the ending is '''-n''' or '''-en'''. If the ending is '''-in''' then the total ending is '''-innen'''.
*Foreign words (except those from Latin) and new words usually take the ending '''-s'''.

===Noun Declensions===
There are many different kinds of German Nouns. Here are a few fully declined ones: 
'''Masculine:''' 
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Tag 'Day'
! Tage 'Days'
! Apfel 'Apple'
! Äpfel'Apples'
|-
| '''Nominative''' || Der Tag || Die Tage || Der Apfel || Die Äpfel
|-
| '''Genitive''' || Des Tag(e)s || Der Tage || Des Apfels || Der Äpfel
|-
| '''Dative''' || Dem Tag(e) || Den Tagen || Dem Apfel || Den Äpfeln
|-
| '''Accusative''' || Den Tag || Die Tage || Den Apfel || Die Äpfel
|}
'''Feminine:'''
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Hand 'Hand'
! Hände 'Hands'
! Freude 'Joy'
! Freuden 'Joys'
|-
| '''Nominative''' || Die Hand || Die Hände || Die Freude || Die Freuden
|-
| '''Genitive''' || Der Hand || Der Hände || Der Freude || Der Freuden
|-
| '''Dative''' || Der Hand || Den Händen || Der Freude || Den Freuden
|-
| '''Accusative''' || Die Hand || Die Hände || Die Freude || Die Freuden
|}
'''Neuter:'''
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Schiff 'Ship'
! Schiffe 'Ships'
! Volk 'Folk, People'
! Völker 'Folks, Peoples'
|-
| '''Nominative''' || Das Schiff || Die Schiffe || Das Volk || Die Völker
|-
| '''Genitive''' || Des Schiff(e)s || Der Schiffe || Des Volk(e)s || Der Völker
|-
| '''Dative''' || Dem Schiff(e) || Den Schiffen || Dem Volk(e) || Den Völkern
|-
| '''Accusative''' || Das Schiff || Die Schiffe || Das Volk || Die Völker
|}

==Personal Pronouns==
'''First person:'''
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Singular
! Plural
|-
| '''Nominative''' || ich || wir
|-
| '''Genitive''' || meiner || uns(e)rer
|-
| '''Dative''' || mir || uns
|-
| '''Accusative''' || mich || uns
|}

'''Second person:'''
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Singular Informal
! Plural Informal
! Plural/Singular Formal
|-
| '''Nominative''' || du || ihr || Sie‡
|-
| '''Genitive''' || deiner || eu(e)rer || Ihrer
|-
| '''Dative''' || dir || euch || Ihnen
|-
| '''Accusative''' || dich || euch || Sie
|}
‡The formal plural pronoun '''Sie''' is the same form as the 3rd person plural pronoun '''sie''' but is also always capitalized.

'''Third person:'''
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Mascu. Sing.
! Fem. Sing.
! Neut. Sing.
! Plural
|-
| '''Nominative''' || er || sie || es || sie
|-
| '''Genitive''' || seiner || ihrer || seiner || ihrer
|-
| '''Dative''' || ihm || ihr || ihm || ihnen
|-
| '''Accusative''' || ihn || sie || es || sie
|}

==Possessive Pronouns==

'''Attributively-used''' they agree with the noun they refer to in case, number and gender. They stand always in front of the noun.

{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! 1st Sg.
! 2nd Sg.
! 3rd Sg. masc.
! 3rd Sg. fem.
! 3rd Sg. neut.
! 1st Pl.
! 2nd Pl.
! 3rd Pl.
! 2nd Formal
|-
| '''Nominative Sg. m./n.''' || mein || dein || sein || ihr || sein || unser || euer || ihr || Ihr
|-
| '''Nominative Sg. f''' || meine || deine || seine || ihre || seine || unsere || eure || ihre || Ihre
|-
| '''Nominative Pl.''' || meine || deine || seine || ihre || seine || unsere || eure || ihre || Ihre
|-
| '''Genitive Sg. m./n.''' || meines || deines || seines || ihres || seines || unseres || eures || ihres || Ihres
|-
| '''Genitive Sg. f.''' || meiner || deiner || seiner || ihrer || seiner || unserer || eurer || ihrer || Ihrer
|-
| '''Genitive Pl. '''|| meiner || deiner || seiner || ihrer || seiner || unserer || eurer || ihrer || Ihrer
|-
| '''Dative Sg. m./n.''' || meinem || deinem || seinem || ihrem || seinem || unserem || eurem || ihrem || Ihrem
|-
| '''Dative Sg. f.''' || meiner || deiner || seiner || ihrer || seiner || unserer || eurer || ihrer || Ihrer
|-
| '''Dative Pl. '''|| meinen || deinen || seinen || ihren || seinen || unseren || euren || ihren || Ihren
|-
| '''Accusative Sg. m.''' || meinen || deinen || seinen || ihren || seinen || unseren || euren || ihren || Ihren
|-
| '''Accusative Sg. f.''' || meine || deinen || seine || ihre || seine || unsere || eure || ihre || Ihre
|-
| '''Accusative Sg. n.''' || mein || dein || sein || ihr || sein || unser || euer || ihr || Ihr
|-
| '''Accusative Pl. '''|| meine || deine || seine || ihre || seine || unsere || eure || ihre || Ihre
|}

'''mein Haus''' - ''my house '' 
'''deiner Frau''' - ''of your wife, to your wife'' 
'''ihrem Buch''' - ''to her book ''

'''Predicatively-used''' they function as follows:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! 1st Sg.
! 2nd Sg.
! 3rd Sg. masc.
! 3rd Sg. fem.
! 3rd Sg. neut.
! 1st Pl.
! 2nd Pl.
! 3rd Pl.
! 2nd Formal
|-
| '''Masculine Sg.''' || meiner || deiner || seiner || ihrer || seiner || unserer || eurer || ihrer || Ihrer
|-
| '''Feminine Sg. '''|| meine || deine || seine || ihrer || seine || unsere || eure || ihre || Ihre
|-
| '''Neuter Sg. '''|| meines || deines || seines || ihres || seines || unseres || eures || ihres || Ihres
|-
| '''Plural''' || meine || deine || seine || ihre || seine || unsere || eure || ihre || Ihre
|}

'''Dieser Baum ist meiner.''' - ''This tree is mine.'' 
'''Seines ist es nicht.''' - ''This isn't his.''

==Adjectives and Adverbs==
===Adjectives===
German adjectives have different behaviours and patterns depending on whether there are articles or not, and whether those articles are definite or indefinite. Predicate adjectives take no endings.

'''Gut = Good'''
With Definite articles and demonstratives, so-called '''der'''-Words:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Masculine
! Feminine
! Neuter
! Plural (all Genders)
|-
| '''Nominative''' || Der '''gute''' Hund|| Die '''gute''' Katze || Das '''gute''' Boot|| Die '''guten''' Völker
|-
| '''Genitive''' || Des '''guten''' Hundes || Der '''guten''' Katze || Des '''guten''' Bootes || Der '''guten''' Völker
|-
| '''Dative''' || Dem '''guten''' Hunde || Der '''guten''' Katze || Dem '''guten''' Boot || Den '''guten''' Völkern
|-
| '''Accusative''' || Den '''guten''' Hund || Die '''gute''' Katze || Das '''gute''' Boot || Die '''guten''' Völker
|}
With the Indefinite articles and possessives, so-called '''ein'''-words:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Masculine
! Feminine
! Neuter
! Plural (all Genders)
|-
| '''Nominative''' || ein '''guter''' Hund|| eine '''gute''' Katze || ein '''gutes''' Boot|| Meine '''guten''' Völker
|-
| '''Genitive''' || eines '''guten''' Hundes || einer '''guten''' Katze || eines '''guten''' Bootes || Meiner '''guten''' Völker
|-
| '''Dative''' || einem '''guten''' Hunde || einer '''guten''' Katze || einem '''guten''' Boot || Meinen '''guten''' Völkern
|-
| '''Accusative''' || einen '''guten''' Hund || eine '''gute''' Katze || ein '''gutes''' Boot || Meine '''guten''' Völker
|}

Articles without articles of any form:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Masculine
! Feminine
! Neuter
! Plural (all Genders)
|-
| '''Nominative''' || '''guter''' Hund|| '''gute''' Katze || '''gutes''' Boot|| Meine '''guten''' Völker
|-
| '''Genitive''' || '''guten''' Hundes || '''guter''' Katze || '''guten''' Bootes || Meiner '''guten''' Völker
|-
| '''Dative''' || '''gutem''' Hunde || '''guter''' Katze || '''gutem''' Boot || Meinen '''guten''' Völkern
|-
| '''Accusative''' || '''guten''' Hund || '''gute''' Katze || '''gutes''' Boot || Meine '''guten''' Völker
|}
===Adverbs===
In High German, the change from an adjective to an adverb does not require an ending, as it would in [[Modern English]] or [[French]]. The adverb form is usually the same as the nominative masculine form of the adjective.

The Word Order for Adverbs usually follows a pattern of the ordering of 1. Time, 2. Manner, and 3. Place. This means '''Gut''' in German can mean both '''well''' and '''good'''. There are other words which are strictly adverbs, such as '''sehr''', which means '''very'''.

==Prepositions==
Prepositions are classified by the cases that follow them. Some have the accusative case follow, some the dative, and some the genitive. However some take either accusative or dative, based on whether or not it is a there is motion involved.
===Accusative===
bis - until, as far as 
durch - through, by means of 
entlang - along, down 
für - for 
gegen - against, around 
ohne - without 
um - around 
===Dative===
aus - out of, from, made of, 
außer - at, 
bei - at, near, with, 
gegenüber von - opposite, across from, 
mit - with 
nach - to, after, according to, 
seit - since, for a period of time, 
von - from, of, by 
zu - to 

===Accusative and Dative===
an - on, to go to, 
auf - on, to, in, at 
hinter - behind, 
in - in, into, to, 
neben - next to, beside, 
über - over, above, across, 
unter - under, 
vor - in front of, before 
zwischen - between, 
===Genitive===
anstatt - instead of, 
statt - instead of, 
trotz - in spite of 
während - during 
wegen - because of, 
==Conjunctions==
There are different conjunctions which affect a sentence in different ways. [[Coordinating Conjunction]]s usually do not affect the word or of a German sentence, whereas [[Subordinating Conjunction]]s usually involve the transposed word order mentioned below.
===Coordinating Conjunctions===
aber - but 
denn - because, for 
oder - or 
sondern - but, rather, 
und - and 
===Subordinating Conjunctions===
als, wann, wenn - when 
bevor - before 
bis - until 
da - since, 
damit - so that, 
dass - that 
ob - whether, if 
obwohl - although 
seit - since 
während - while 
weil - because 
wenn - if 

==Verbs==
 Main Page: [[High German Verbs]] 
German Verbs have two major subdivisions, [[Strong]] and [[Weak]]. German verbs are conjugated according to 3 [[Person|persons]], 2 [[Number|numbers]], 2 inflecting [[Tense|tenses]], and 3 [[Mood|moods]], although German is rather intermediate when it comes to verbal inflection. The [[German Strong Verbs]] often have some patterns and classifications which are used for identifying them.

The [[infinitive]] of a verb is formed by adding '''-en''' to the end.

The [[imperative]] is formed, in the 2nd person singular informal by only the verb stem, the 2nd person plural informal is formed by adding '''-t''' to the stem. The 2nd personal formal is formed by adding '''-en''' to the stem and adding '''Sie''' afterwards. The "let's" or first person plural imperative is formed by adding '''-en''' and '''wir''' after words or, as in English, with the imperative of '''lassen''' and '''uns'''. Examples: Verb: Gehen - to go 
'''Geh nach Hause!''' 
'''Geht nach Hause!''' 
'''Gehen Sie nach Hause!''' 
Go home! 
'''Gehen wir nach Hause. / Lass uns nach Hause gehen. '''(speaking to one person)''' / Lasst uns nach Hause gehen.''' (speaking to several persons) - let's go home. 

===Modals===
There are a few verbs which are essential for German. These are called Modals or [[Modal Auxiliaries]]. There are 6 primary modals, and one which has a subjunctive form in common use. The latter would be '''Möchten''' which is the subjunctive of '''Mögen'''. The modal in the present tense is as follows:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
| colspan="15" align="center"|'''Present tense'''
|-
| '''Infinitive''' ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''dürfen''' may, to be allowed|| colspan="2" align="center"| '''können''' can, to be able, ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''müssen''' must, to have to, ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''sollen''' should, ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''mögen''' to like, ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''möchten''' would like, ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''wollen''' to want,
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || darf || dürfen || kann || können || muss || müssen || soll || sollen || mag || mögen || möchte || möchten || will || wollen
|-
| '''2nd person''' || darfst || dürft || kannst || könnt || musst || müsst || sollst || sollt || magst || mögt || möchtest || möchtet || willst ||wollt
|-
| '''3rd person''' || darf || dürfen || kann || können || muss || müssen || soll || sollen || mag || mögen || möchte || möchten || will || wollen
|}

===Auxiliaries===
The most important auxiliaries are '''sein''' (to be), '''werden''' (to become, shall, will), and '''haben''' (to have). '''Sein''' and '''Haben''' are both used to form the [[Present Perfect]] tense, and '''Werden''' is used to form the [[Future]] tense.
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
| colspan="7" align="center"|'''Present tense'''
|-
| '''Infinitive''' ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Sein''' to be|| colspan="2" align="center"| '''Haben''' to have ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Werden''' to become
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || bin || sind || habe || haben || werde || werden
|-
| '''2nd person''' || bist || seid || hast || habt || wirst || werdet
|-
| '''3rd person''' || ist || sind || hat || haben || wird || werden
|-
| colspan="7" align="center"|'''Imperfect Tense'''
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || war|| waren || hatte || hatten || wurde || wurden
|-
| '''2nd person''' || warst|| wart || hattest|| hattet || wurdest || wurdet
|-
| '''3rd person''' || war || waren || hatte|| hatten || wurde || wurden
|-
| colspan="7" align="center"|'''Perfect Form'''
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || bin gewesen || sind gewesen || habe gehabt || haben gehabt || bin geworden || sind geworden
|-
| '''2nd person''' || bist gewesen || seid gewesen || hast gehabt || habt gehabt || bist geworden || seid geworden
|-
| '''3rd person''' || ist gewesen || sind gewesen || hat gehabt || haben gehabt || ist geworden || sind geworden
|}

===Present Tense===
In the present tense, German verbs follow a common pattern. Quite a few verbs have change or umlaut the vowel in the second person informal singular and the third person singular. Verbs that end with an alveolar fricative or affricate have identical '''du'''-forms and '''er, sie, es''' forms. Verbs ending '''-d''' or '''-t''' insert an '''-e-''' in the '''du''', '''ihr''', and '''er, sie, es''' forms. Here are examples:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
| colspan="9" align="center"|'''Present tense'''
|-
| '''Infinitive''' ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Lernen''' To Learn|| colspan="2" align="center"| '''Antworten''' to answer ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Heißen''' to be called ||colspan="2" align="center"|'''Fahren''' to drive, go
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || lerne || lernen || antworte || antworten || heiße || heißen || fahre || fahren
|-
| '''2nd person''' || lernst || lernt || antwortest || antwortet || heißt || heißt || fährst || fahrt
|-
| '''3rd person''' || lernt || lernen || antwortet || antworten || heißt || heißen || fährt || fahren
|}

===Perfect Tense===
The present perfect is used in High German in the same senses that English uses the [[Simple Past]] and the [[Perfect]] tenses. For weak verbs, in order to form the Present tense, first a form of '''haben''' (or '''sein''') must be used, and at the end of the clause comes the verb. For the verb, '''ge-''' must be attached to beginning of the stem and '''-t''' must be attached to the end. In many strong verbs, '''ge-''' is still often attached, but sometimes '''-en''' is the ending. Also many strong verbs involve a vowel stem change as well.

Most Verbs take '''haben''' as the auxiliary verb, but verbs of motion and select others take the verb '''sein''' as the auxiliary.
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
| colspan="9" align="center"|'''Present Perfect Tense'''
|-
| '''Infinitive''' ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Lernen''' To Learn|| colspan="2" align="center"| '''Antworten''' to answer ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Heißen''' to be called ||colspan="2" align="center"|'''Fahren''' to drive, go
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || habe gelernt || haben gelernt || habe geantwortet || haben geantwortet|| habe geheißen || haben geheißen || habe gefahren || haben gefahren
|-
| '''2nd person''' || hast gelernt || habt gelernt || hast geantwortet|| habt geantwortet|| hast geheißen || habt geheißen || hast gefahren || habt fahren
|-
| '''3rd person''' || hat gelernt || haben gelernt || hat geantwortet|| haben geantwortet|| hat geheißen|| haben geheißen || hat gefahren || haben gefahren
|}

===Imperfect===
The Imperfect tense in High German is used more as a written tense than as a spoken one, although a few key words are used more often in speech as well, such as the Modals and Auxiliaries. The Imperfect tense is used to describe something that happened a while in the past. It differs greatly from the Romance and Slavic Language idea of Imperfect. It is used in telling stories of things that happened a long time ago.
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
| colspan="9" align="center"|'''Imperfect tense'''
|-
| '''Infinitive''' ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Lernen''' To Learn|| colspan="2" align="center"| '''Antworten''' to answer ||colspan="2" align="center"| '''Heißen''' to be called ||colspan="2" align="center"|'''Fahren''' to drive, go
|-
| || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl. || sing. || pl.
|-
| '''1st person''' || lernte || lernten || antwortete || antworteten || hieß || hießen || fuhr || fuhren
|-
| '''2nd person''' || lerntest || lerntet || antwortetest || antwortetet || hießest || hießt || fuhrst || fuhrt
|-
| '''3rd person''' || lernte || lernten || antwortete || antworteten || hieß || hießen || fuhr || fuhren
|}

==Word Order==
German word order is fairly unique and has particular features with which a learner must become acquainted. The normal order is SVO, and occasional OVS, because German has a structure know as V2 or 2nd Position Verb rule, as described here:
{|class="blueinfobox" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|"...I find German to be the strangest in the area of syntax. German has several interesting word order issues. Now a simple German sentence can be SVO. But German, as well as most other Germanic language such as Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, and Dutch, follow what I call the 2nd Position Verb rule. This states that no matter where the objects and subjects move, the conjugated verb or Finite verb stays in the second position. So this means that SVO or OVS are very common. Here is an example, You can say in German: 
'''Ich sehe den Himmel.''' (I see the sky.) or 
'''Den Himmel sehe ich.''' (The sky see I.) 
We can see how the verb stays when the other elements move. Now for questions it is acceptable to have a verb in the first position, using a standard inverted word order. However for many statements the verb second ideal needs to stay in place." [http://blackkdark.deviantart.com/art/AGT-Word-Order-or-Basic-Syntax-81429546]
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'''[[Timothy Patrick Snyder]]'''
|}

However, German and [[Dutch]] both have a unique trait in having something called Transposed or Dependent Clause word order. This type of word order only occurs inside dependent clauses, and what happens is that the inflected or [[finite]] verb is sent to the end. It is described as this:
{|class="blueinfobox" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|"Now the pattern that Dutch and German have, but is not really shared with the other Germanic languages, is the movement of the conjugated verb to the end of a dependent clause. This might seem strange at first, but one must learn to notice it. An example would be: 
'''Der Mann, den ich gestern sah, ist gegangen.''' 
('''The man, whom I yesterday saw, left.''') 
Instead of; '''The man, whom I saw yesterday, left.'''" [http://blackkdark.deviantart.com/art/AGT-Word-Order-or-Basic-Syntax-81429546] 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'''[[Timothy Patrick Snyder]]'''
|}
Another interesting feature is the movement of the [[Infinitive]]s and [[Past Participle]]s to the end of the sentence. This is a trait that written German got from Latin, and then it became common in spoken German as well. It also leads to idioms such as '''Ich kann Deutsch.''' (Lit. '''I can German''', but means, '''I can speak German''') which comes from the expression '''Ich kann Deutsch sprechen.''' In the cases of Transposed word order, the inverted verb goes after the infinitives and participles.

=Sources and External Links=
<references />

[http://blackkdark.deviantart.com/art/AGT-Word-Order-or-Basic-Syntax-81429546 An Introduction to Basic Word Order] by [[Timothy Patrick Snyder]]

Stern, Guy, and Everett Bleiler. Essential German Grammar. Mineola, New York. Dover Publications inc, 1961.

Dippmann, Gerda, and Johanna Watzinger-Tharp. A Practical review of German Grammar. New Jersey, Prentice-Hall inc. 2000.

Page written by [[Timothy Patrick Snyder]].

=High German Conlangs=
Below are conlangs based on [[Old High German]], [[Middle High German]], and modern High German dialects:
* [[Koulesch]]

=Translations=

[[Category:Germanic natlangs]]
{{Natlangs}}
[[Category:Linguistics]]

Low German

2015-04-06T06:32:39Z

K1234567890y: /* Low German Conlangs */

{{Language|
| English = Low German
| native = Nedersaksisch Plattdüütsch
| dialect english =
| country = Germany, Netherlands, Denamrk
| nativecountry = Norddütschland
| universe = Real world
| speakers = unknown
| family = [[Indo-European]]
| branch = [[Germanic]]
| subbranch = [[West Germanic]]      [[German]]
| wordorder = SVO, OVS/V2
| type = inflecting
| alignment = nominative-accusative
| author = unknown
| date = 1800-Present C.E.
| background = white
| headingbg = light green
| width = 33%
}}

==History and Stages==
* Stages of Low German
** [[Old Saxon]]
** [[Middle Low Saxon]]
** [[Low Saxon]] aka Low German

==Difference between [[High German|High]] and Low German==
High German differs from other West German languages such as Low German, [[Modern English|English]], and [[Dutch]] in that [[High German]] when through the [[High German Consonant Shift]]. The High German Consonant Shift (or HGCS) is the sound shift where;
# Non-geminated voicless [[Stop|stops]] became [[Fricative|fricatives]],
# Geminated, [[Nasal|nasal]]-adjacent and [[Liquid|liquid]]-adjacent voiceless [[Stop|stops]] became [[Affricate|affricates]],
# Voiced stops became voiceless stops, and finally
# All interdental fricatives (/[[Voiced dental fricative|ð]]/ and /[[Voiceless dental fricative|θ]]/) became the dental stop and/or Alveolar stop /[[Voiced dental stop|d̻]]/ and /[[Voiced alveolar stop|d]]/. 
The last stage was shared by Low German and [[Dutch]] as well as [[High German]].

==Orthography==
Because there is no standard dialect of Low German, there is no standard orthography. It can often differ by region.

==Grammar==

===Gender and Number===
There are three genders in Low German: Neuter, Masculine, and Feminine. There are two numbers as well: Singular and Plural.

===Articles===
The Masculine and Feminine genders take the definite article '''de'''. The Neuter form takes the article '''dat'''. The plural for all this is '''de'''. This makes it very close to its cousin of [[Dutch]] which has a similar pattern (save '''het''' instead of '''dat'''.)

The Indefinite article is the same for all, it is '''een''', '''en''', and ''''n'''.

Compare these with the [http://wiki.frath.net/High_German#Articles|High German Articles]]:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Masculine
! Feminine
! Neuter
! Plural (all Genders)
|-
| '''Nominative''' || de || de || dat || de
|-
| '''Genitive''' || den (-s)(sien)† || de (ehr) || dat (sien) || de (ehr)
|-
| '''Dative''' || den || de || dat || de
|-
| '''Accusative''' || den || de || dat || de
|}
† '''sien''' or '''ehr''' appear after the noun in Genitive.

===Nouns===
There are 4 cases, although the dative and accusative are often collapsed together in Low German. This is reflected in the articles as well. The most common form of the plural is found in the ending '''-s''' but there are others, similar to those found in [[Dutch]] or [[High German]].
 
Here are examples for all three genders: 
'''Masculine:''' 
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Macker 'Guy'
! Mackers'Guys'
! Appel 'Apple'
! Appeln 'Apples'
|-
| '''Nominative''' || De Macker || De Mackers || De Appel || De Appeln
|-
| '''Genitive''' || Den Macker(s) (sien) || De Mackers (ehr) || Den Appels (sien) || De Appeln (ehr)
|-
| '''Dative''' || Den Macker || De Mackers || Den Appel || De Appeln
|-
| '''Accusative''' || Den Macker || De Mackers || Den Appel || De Appeln
|}
'''Feminine:''' 
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Hand 'Hand'
! Hände 'Hands'
! Fru 'Woman'
! Fruuslü 'Women'
|-
| '''Nominative''' || De Hann || De Hannen || De Fru || De Fruuslü
|-
| '''Genitive''' || De Hann (ehr) || De Hannen (ehr) || De Fru (ehr) || De Fruuslü (ehr)
|-
| '''Dative''' || De Hann || De Hannen || De Fru || De Fruuslü
|-
| '''Accusative''' || De Hann || De Hannen || De Fru || De Fruuslü
|}
'''Neuter:''' 
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Schiff 'Ship'
! Schiffe 'Ships'
! Wief'Wife'
! Wiefer'Wives'
|-
| '''Nominative''' || Dat Schipp || De Schipps || Dat Wief || De Wiever
|-
| '''Genitive''' || Dat Schipp (sien) || De Schipps (ehr) || Dat Wief (sien) || De Wiever (ehr)
|-
| '''Dative''' || Dat Schipp || De Schipps || Dat Wief || De Wiever
|-
| '''Accusative''' || Dat Schipp || De Schipps || Dat Wief || De Wiever
|}

===Adjectives and Adverbs===
====Adjectives====

====Adverbs====

===Conjunctions===

===Preposition===

===Verbs===

====Present====

====Future====

====Past====

====Present Perfect====

====Imperative====

==Low German Conlangs==
Below are conlangs based on [[Old Saxon]], [[Middle Low German]], and modern Low German dialects:
* [[SinPlatt]]
* [[Urban Basanawa]]

==Sources and Further Readings==

[[Category:Germanic natlangs]]
{{Natlangs}}

Low German

2015-04-06T06:31:11Z

K1234567890y: /* Sources and Further Readings */

{{Language|
| English = Low German
| native = Nedersaksisch Plattdüütsch
| dialect english =
| country = Germany, Netherlands, Denamrk
| nativecountry = Norddütschland
| universe = Real world
| speakers = unknown
| family = [[Indo-European]]
| branch = [[Germanic]]
| subbranch = [[West Germanic]]      [[German]]
| wordorder = SVO, OVS/V2
| type = inflecting
| alignment = nominative-accusative
| author = unknown
| date = 1800-Present C.E.
| background = white
| headingbg = light green
| width = 33%
}}

==History and Stages==
* Stages of Low German
** [[Old Saxon]]
** [[Middle Low Saxon]]
** [[Low Saxon]] aka Low German

==Difference between [[High German|High]] and Low German==
High German differs from other West German languages such as Low German, [[Modern English|English]], and [[Dutch]] in that [[High German]] when through the [[High German Consonant Shift]]. The High German Consonant Shift (or HGCS) is the sound shift where;
# Non-geminated voicless [[Stop|stops]] became [[Fricative|fricatives]],
# Geminated, [[Nasal|nasal]]-adjacent and [[Liquid|liquid]]-adjacent voiceless [[Stop|stops]] became [[Affricate|affricates]],
# Voiced stops became voiceless stops, and finally
# All interdental fricatives (/[[Voiced dental fricative|ð]]/ and /[[Voiceless dental fricative|θ]]/) became the dental stop and/or Alveolar stop /[[Voiced dental stop|d̻]]/ and /[[Voiced alveolar stop|d]]/. 
The last stage was shared by Low German and [[Dutch]] as well as [[High German]].

==Orthography==
Because there is no standard dialect of Low German, there is no standard orthography. It can often differ by region.

==Grammar==

===Gender and Number===
There are three genders in Low German: Neuter, Masculine, and Feminine. There are two numbers as well: Singular and Plural.

===Articles===
The Masculine and Feminine genders take the definite article '''de'''. The Neuter form takes the article '''dat'''. The plural for all this is '''de'''. This makes it very close to its cousin of [[Dutch]] which has a similar pattern (save '''het''' instead of '''dat'''.)

The Indefinite article is the same for all, it is '''een''', '''en''', and ''''n'''.

Compare these with the [http://wiki.frath.net/High_German#Articles|High German Articles]]:
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Masculine
! Feminine
! Neuter
! Plural (all Genders)
|-
| '''Nominative''' || de || de || dat || de
|-
| '''Genitive''' || den (-s)(sien)† || de (ehr) || dat (sien) || de (ehr)
|-
| '''Dative''' || den || de || dat || de
|-
| '''Accusative''' || den || de || dat || de
|}
† '''sien''' or '''ehr''' appear after the noun in Genitive.

===Nouns===
There are 4 cases, although the dative and accusative are often collapsed together in Low German. This is reflected in the articles as well. The most common form of the plural is found in the ending '''-s''' but there are others, similar to those found in [[Dutch]] or [[High German]].
 
Here are examples for all three genders: 
'''Masculine:''' 
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Macker 'Guy'
! Mackers'Guys'
! Appel 'Apple'
! Appeln 'Apples'
|-
| '''Nominative''' || De Macker || De Mackers || De Appel || De Appeln
|-
| '''Genitive''' || Den Macker(s) (sien) || De Mackers (ehr) || Den Appels (sien) || De Appeln (ehr)
|-
| '''Dative''' || Den Macker || De Mackers || Den Appel || De Appeln
|-
| '''Accusative''' || Den Macker || De Mackers || Den Appel || De Appeln
|}
'''Feminine:''' 
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Hand 'Hand'
! Hände 'Hands'
! Fru 'Woman'
! Fruuslü 'Women'
|-
| '''Nominative''' || De Hann || De Hannen || De Fru || De Fruuslü
|-
| '''Genitive''' || De Hann (ehr) || De Hannen (ehr) || De Fru (ehr) || De Fruuslü (ehr)
|-
| '''Dative''' || De Hann || De Hannen || De Fru || De Fruuslü
|-
| '''Accusative''' || De Hann || De Hannen || De Fru || De Fruuslü
|}
'''Neuter:''' 
{| class="bluetable {{{1}}}" border="1" cellpadding="2"
|-
! Cases
! Schiff 'Ship'
! Schiffe 'Ships'
! Wief'Wife'
! Wiefer'Wives'
|-
| '''Nominative''' || Dat Schipp || De Schipps || Dat Wief || De Wiever
|-
| '''Genitive''' || Dat Schipp (sien) || De Schipps (ehr) || Dat Wief (sien) || De Wiever (ehr)
|-
| '''Dative''' || Dat Schipp || De Schipps || Dat Wief || De Wiever
|-
| '''Accusative''' || Dat Schipp || De Schipps || Dat Wief || De Wiever
|}

===Adjectives and Adverbs===
====Adjectives====

====Adverbs====

===Conjunctions===

===Preposition===

===Verbs===

====Present====

====Future====

====Past====

====Present Perfect====

====Imperative====

==Low German Conlangs==
Below are conlangs based on [[Old Saxon]], [[Middle Low German]], and modern Low German dialects:
* [[SimPlatt]]
* [[Urban Basanawa]]

==Sources and Further Readings==

[[Category:Germanic natlangs]]
{{Natlangs}}

Our Father

2015-04-05T15:01:37Z

K1234567890y: /* Koulesch */

'''Our Father''', also known as the '''Lord's Prayer''', is a widely-known prayer of Christianity. It is used by linguists and conlangers for comparing the differences between languages. In many cases it is also called the '''Pater Noster''' because of the widespread use of Latin in the Church. There are even [[Runes|Runic]] inscriptions in Latin along the lines of "say a Pater Noster for so-and-so's soul."

=Natlangs=
==[[Romance Languages]]==
===Latin===
:Pater noster, qui es in caelis:
:sanctificetur Nomen Tuum;
:adveniat Regnum Tuum;
:fiat voluntas Tua,
:sicut in caelo, et in terra.
:Panem nostrum cotidianum da nobis hodie;
:et dimitte nobis debita nostra,
:Sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris;
:et ne nos inducas in tentationem;
:sed libera nos a Malo.

===[[Spanish]]===
:Padre nuestro, que estás en los cielos,
:santificado sea tu Nombre;
:venga tu Reino;
:hágase tu Voluntad,
:así en la tierra como en el cielo.
:Nuestro pan cotidiano dánosle hoy;
:y perdónanos nuestras deudas,
:así como nosotros hemos perdonado a nuestros deudores;
:no nos dejes caer en tentación,
:mas líbranos del mal.
:Amén.

==[[Germanic languages]]==
===[[High German]]===
:Vater Unser im Himmel,
:Geheiligt werde Dein Name,
:Dein Reich komme.
:Dein Wille geschehe,
:Wie im Himmel, so auf Erden.
:Unser tägliches Brot gib uns heute,
:Und vergib uns unsere Schuld,
:Wie auch wir vergeben unseren Schuldigern.
:Und führe uns nicht in Versuchung,
:Sondern erlöse uns von dem Bösen.
:Denn Dein ist das Reich und die Kraft
:und die Herrlichkeit, in Ewigkeit.
:Amen.

===[[Dutch]]===
:Onze Vader,
:die in de hemelen zijt,
:geheiligd zij Uw naam.
:Uw rijk kome,
:Uw wil geschiede op aarde als in de hemel.
:Geef ons heden ons dagelijks brood,
:en vergeef ons onze schulden,
:gelijk ook wij vergeven aan onze schuldenaren.
:En leid ons niet in bekoring,
:maar verlos ons van het kwade.

===[[Modern English]] ELLC (1988)===
:Our Father in heaven,
:hallowed be your name,
:your kingdom come,
:your will be done,
:on earth as in heaven.
:Give us today our daily bread.
:Forgive us our sins
:as we forgive those who sin against us.
:Save us from the time of trial
:and deliver us from evil.
:[For the kingdom, the power, and the glory are yours
:now and for ever. Amen.]

===[[Early Modern English]] (1662 BCP)===
:Our Father, which art in Heaven,
:Hallowed be thy Name.
:Thy Kingdom come.
:Thy will be done,
:in earth as it is in Heaven.
:Give us this day our daily bread.
:And forgive us our trespasses,
:As we forgive them that trespass against us.
:And lead us not into temptation;
:But deliver us from evil.
:[For thine is the kingdom, The power, and the glory,
:For ever and ever.] Amen.

===[[Middle English]]===
:Fader ure ðatt art in hevene blisse,
:Ðin hege name itt wurðe bliscedd,
:Cumen itt mote ði kingdom,
:Ðin hali wil it be al don,
:In heven and in erðe all so,
:So itt sall ben ful wel ic to;
:Gif us alle one ðis dai,
:Ure bred of iche dai,
:And forgive us ure sinne,
:Als we don ure wiðerwinnes:
:Leet us noct in fondlinge fall,
:Ooc fro ivel ðu sild us alle. Amen.

===[[Anglo-Saxon]]===
:Fæder ūre, þū eart on heofonum:
:sī þīn nama ȝehāȝlod.
:Tōbecume þīn rīce.
:Ȝeƿeorþe þīn ƿilla
:on eorþan sƿāsƿā on heofonum.
:Ūre dæȝhƿāmlican hlāf sielle ūs tō dæȝe.
:And forȝief ūs ūre ȝyltas
:sƿāsƿā ƿē forȝiefaþ ūrum ȝyltendem.
:And ne ȝelǣd þū on costnunȝe,
:ac ālīes ūs of yfele.

===[[Norwegian]]===
:Fader vår, du som er i himmelen!
:Helliget vorde ditt navn;
:komme ditt rike;
:skje din vilje,
:som i himmelen, så og på jorden;
:gi oss idag vårt daglige brød;
:og forlat oss vår skyld,
:som vi og forlater våre skyldnere;
:og led oss ikke inn i fristelse;
:men fri oss fra det onde.
:For riket er ditt,
:og makten og æren i evighet.
:Amen.

==[[Celtic Languages]]==

===[[Proto-Gallo-Brythonic]]===
:Asron atīr, esti·i̯o eni nemesi,
:noibos buu̯et tou anu̯an,
:ro·to·aχsāt tou rīgi̯on
:u̯reχtus tou au̯illos
:u̯or talamoni samalī eni nemesi.
:Asron baragon petidīi̯ācon dā snūs sindīu̯on.
:Matu̯ī snūs asron dligetā,
:samalī i̯on matu̯imos asron dligeti̯obo,
:ne·c snīs wede dū u̯osagitē,
:eχtos snīs dīlunge au u̯allū.
:Amen.

=Conlangs=

Feel free to add Lord's prayer in your conlangs' version here.

==[[Aingeljã]]==
Nou Pare, qwe ets nou cell, 
qwe santificat eh vou nome, 
qwe vene a nos vou reixĩ. 
Qwe eh façata va voluntà, 
tant na terra com nou cell. 
Donat-nus hogge nou pã qwotiggãn 
e pardonat-nus nas ofensas, 
com tantbain nos pardonèms qwĩns ofensen-nus. 
E nõ deixat-nus cadre na tentazõn 
e lluwerat-nus dou Mal. 
Amain. 

==[[Altherkin Itak]]==
[[File:Our_Father_-_Altherkin_Itak_-_Script_4.JPG]]

:Jia'meh Abbous Jeon'yajeo naebu de, namaewae Yi beilahjeon ang de.
:Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi beilah.
:Jikan fotei, dei'fover Yi werben no Jeo e'ea Jeon'yajeo naebu.
:Deikan ima e'ea deikan'mej, lat warei kae'a jia'meh nimo.
:Luswerzya luswer jia'meh paliya. Warei ahsu luswer luswerzya dei'fover nyan.
:Yi beilah nei warei jianxi werben dili, da'a'te Yi warei proteto detei luswer paliya.
:(Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi ang de, ta Jeonji, e'ea ta pa'a'me, por jikan fotei mej.)
:Ohmaen

:Our Father Heaven inside is, name you holy it is.
:Land of God your exist.
:Time future, intent you act of Earth and Heaven inside.
:Today and every day, To us bread our give.
:Forget sins our please. We their sin forget intend also.
:You "To be" no us cause "to act" bad, but you us protect from sin please.
:(Land of God yours it is, The divine power, and the glory, for time future all.)
:Amen

[http://www.facebook.com/v/2682096943833 Hear it read by Motonjia (external Link)]

==[[Arkhæn | Arkhæn]]==
A Prayer to The Psynecerion, a polytheistic "Lord's Prayer" equivalent in the religion of Kareigăn-Hæx religion.

=== Modern Arkhæn Alkavăht Script ===
[[File:Arkhaen_Lordprayer.PNG]]

=== Romanized: ===
:Keir præhăm mhe jzakar Yfikt Sehri,
:Hoth amăn khăma taiku Hæx, ara Gaateni
:Keir amăn ir ăndrgaaten, keir flær dhe vari, mhe garăm deru cogan dhe miyar kædi
:Mhe kariar ăz i ăn ara zeidu joirk ak mhe mujes jzakar haqeinan dhe hjaani
:Măhdi keir suod zăn hoth adr, măhdi keir anămi zăn hoth adr,
:Mhe ghejz haqeinan zuk i ăn ăhsl dyhijoi
:Măhdi hoth gaate qajoi dyhijoi mhe mujes jzakar kanrqeinăn avarkhe
:Măhdi ăhsl mhe takad kăhkănen dhe jzakar ræhi dhe hjaani ak dhe jzakr Kareigăn-Hæx.
:Aze Takădi!

=== Translation: ===
:We pray to the Perfect Ones,
:They who came from Six, our creators
:We who are subservient, we ask of them, to lend us some of their strength
:To carry on our daily tasks and to keep the balance of nature
:May we live as they do, may we die as they do, to bring balance upon all worlds
:May they create more worlds to drive the imbalance away.
:May all to be enlightened of the ways of nature and of the Original Six.
:Aze Takadi! (both a greeting gesture as well as a sort of "amen")

==[[The World|Avantimanisc]]==
:Oure fadêr that be yn heuenerihhe;
:sende ye-hallawet thin namô;
:cwem te thin rihhdomaz;
:sende thin wellez ye-dôn swo yn medwaralde swo yn heuenam;
:yef ôs on te daye oure ĳelckday susteynavant;
:ande ôs foryef oure detes,
:swo we foryef te oure detendam;
:ande ne lîth ôs nouwt te thon castynge,
:but framward-ôs-lôs fram euele.

==Esperanto==
:Patro nia, kiu estas en la ĉielo,
:sanktigata estu Via nomo.
:Venu Via regno.
:Fariĝu Via volo,
:kiel en la ĉielo, tiel ankaŭ sur la tero.
:Nian panon ĉiutagan donu al ni hodiaŭ.
:Kaj pardonu al ni niajn ŝuldojn,
:kiel ankaŭ ni pardonas al niaj ŝuldantoj.
:Kaj ne konduku nin en tenton,
:sed liberigu nin de la malbono.
:(Ĉar Via estas la regno kaj la potenco
:kaj la gloro eterne.)
:Amen.

==[[Háfrig]]==
:Kes Etâr, qwin il eskáleo ri,
:genomentuz i missild,
:offimmoz i tis agenir,
:geroz i tis élekk,
:léda l-eskálio, śo l-edzúroro si.
:Forventikál vekánandum dontiz káj píl,
:et offűliz i bêtgánandu,
:léda ke s’ offűlam i h-inóvand bêtdífendo.
:E gin véliz kum kojsitána,
:ak gemojgiriz i vultími.
:(Dé tis i h-agenir, i forrel e l-iskür forvenâk.)
:Roz ö-gen.

==Lojban==
:doi cevrirni.iu noi zvati le do cevzda do'u fu'e .aicai .e'ecai lo do cmene ru'i censa
:.i le do nobli turni be la ter. ku se cfari
:.i loi do se djica ba snada mulno vi'e le cevzda .e .a'o la ter.
:.i fu'e .e'o ko dunda ca le cabdei le ri nanba mi'a
:.i ko fraxu mi loi ri zu'o palci
:.ijo mi fraxu roda poi pacyzu'e xrani mi
:.i ko lidne mi fa'anai loi pacyxlu
:.i ko sepri'a mi loi palci
:.i .uicai ni'i loi se turni .e loi vlipa .e loi mi'orselsi'a cu me le do romei
:fa'o

==[[Anoé]]==

:,nul-((fuuilat-en-ia)-él-éltil)

:efma-en-ve fi-atfalit tléé

:((tintom-en-ve fi-ulaat tléé

:uuifó-en-ve fó-én-aé)

:an-(Earth)-fn-(al-ló-él-éltil)).

:,ve ie-aile-ufuium li-aten-óf-(ailu)-at-ia.

:,ve felien-en-ia éliuón-at-ia

:nif-(ia én-(laéen ia feliu) éliuón-at-al.

:,ve ia erian-ól-(ésélit-en-uilien)

:tléé ve ia erian-sééld.

:(fan ól-tintom tlé ól-élein tlé ól-aliaten (al-en-ve al

:ló-(et-tlé-néf)). ,fti-ló.)

==Classical Longrimol==
{{seealso|Longrimol}} by [[User:Longrim|Longrim]]

:Adhorom nedhúrer
:airalichy raivog
:therdhäil darandorog
:dhánäilichy malfog
:márchan nedhúrer
:gweltheljbantho-m'il
:jaldhtharvo-m'il
:oi thärvim mênjäldhim
:dhulro-m'il glastainúlong
:dhulro-m'il gruidhong.

:[find i dharandr-og cambadh-og asdago-og cwildhríl. Emín.]

==Classical Arithide==
{{seealso|Classical Arithide}} by [[User:Denihilonihil|Eugene]]
{{seealso|Arithide Sample Text Corpus}}

{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" width="66%"
|-
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Classical Arithide
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Late Classical Arithide
|-
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rignā, zōon saluminnum, histamosit illos ays. Egēra lisgas ays. Reskerosit deiros ays, halagum saluminnumena. Rignor emereto haror omer krerērō, a kansārērō irige syndrē, rīgisae syndirēnēs kansārena. On rege avgērērō thiftiae, nege rege magārērō vokirōn. Amen.
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rikin, saluminnum hero, histamesit illos ayn. Egura lisgas ayn. Reskeresit deiros ayn, halaginnum saluminnumena. Rikin emnatir haro omnat kreruras, nam kansaruras rīkae syndrē, rikisyndoris syndirēnēs kansariena. On riko avlataguras orgrei, nege riko magāruras vokyrōn. Amen.
|}

==Ellesklavan==
{{seealso|Ellesklavan}}

:vidrömü, ci eu en éfni,
:aolé eu tli nömü.
:tli řoyamü viyen.
:tli sřay eu fazi,
:en teřya é ža eu en éfni.
:dono no sé širu pasirana kotined.
:éti frocefi no trégepaseniran,
:kön no frocefi elehli ci trégepaseni kontri no.
:éti neu kleřtni pa no ostü betnosü;
:mé délifeř no dé džharag.
:(porceu lešé eu lé řoyamü, lé pufovřir, éti lé kloriyen,
:por tu éti tu) amné.

== Teeverb Kuluxem ==
{{seealso|Teeverb Kuluxem}}

Teeverb Kuluxem:

:Tuchomat Kulonar:
:Padre keeyuhn infadia, uba' nio shuuran,
:Tunatma kuyuhn echa' tubonflaken.
:Yaco-ubhiemna tukinglak kunoi tuyumya,
:Shem yaco-ubfin tupaj kunoi,
:Nio shutereen sima nio shuuran.
:Pal-ubofero tukwam kudiama kuval alt sheeyuhn;
:Shem pal-ubforglan teeyuhn sima okforglan teeotheeno;
:Vo pal-ubleedha teeyuhn alt shutemapta,
:Kief pal-ubforma okvan vaeem shupekitat;
:Tukinglak shem tufuertlas shem tuglameeka eshadda kunoi.
:Amen

Translation:

:The prayer of the Lord:
:The Father of Ours, who is in Heaven,
:Your name is great.
:Bring your kingdom here,
:And accomplish your plan,
:On Earth the same as in Heaven.
:Give us the food of this day;
:Forgive us the same as we forgive others;
:Do not lead us to temptation,
:But force us to go away from evil;
:The glory, the power and the glory are your's.
:Amen

==Thorsutian==
{{seealso|Thorsutian}}

:Man baset, cus ёd nё parasje,
:ёsmardzsёn ёdur xjen zavke.
:Xjen mёbraţje rikas.
:Xjen zsёdu çozid,
:ёn toke siç ёd tho parasjud.
:Jat maţu ked ord man vorje bucje.
:E ţalis maţu man funёbartiv,
:siç maţ ţalёmi çadёk cus funёbart kurda maţu
:E pron maţu nok tho ёnarzsud,
:pas shonah maţu el necud,
:(ţa xjen ёl mёbraţi, uuzs, e strirren,
:ţa dadarma e dadarma.)
:Amen

==Tauro-Piscean==
{{seealso|Tauro-Piscean language}}

:Tet Fedä ëleêses, wa zï in Heofonem,
:¡Letan tet Namen janes clenê bean!
:Tet Kïnedom janes kum.
:¡Letan tet Willê janes dodê bean,
:Et Eëtenem tonnê in Heofonem!
:¡Jefan ëleêsen tode tet jedewamliken Bräden!
:¡And fëjefan ëleêsen te Jïêlten,
:Tonnê ëleês fëjef kvinem, dass makê Jïêlten!
:¡And ledan ëleêsen nat in Kostnungen,
:Ak beëjan ëleêsan fram Ïfeêlem!
:[Tï janes zï tet Kïnedom, tet Mït and tet Wöldë,
:To efä nes efä.] Sotlikê.

It is worth noting that the Tauro-Piscean language evolved into the (New) West Germanic language below.

==West Germanic==
{{seealso|West Germanic language}}

:Uɍę Ąldoɍ, tu tąt is in ħjovonųm,
:Si tin namę halaɉ.
:Kumę tin riŧę,
:Maŧiǫn tin wįleǫn up eɍdųm ék swa in ħjovonųm.
:Uɍę daɉliŧ lafǫn gįvǫn us todaɉ,
:ǫnd foɍgįvǫn us uɍę ſųldzǫn ék swa we foɍgįf uɍę ſųldaɉǫn.
:Ǫnd faɍǫn tu ųn in ħjan kǫstnųnðǫn, ak luzǫn ųn uvęlęnę.
:[Ųmbętąt tin is tąt riŧę, tąt miħt ǫnd tąt wųldoɍ,
:ąvɍweɍd eŧę.]
:Sodliŧę.

==Vityng by [[User:Schlaier|Schlaier]]==
{{seealso|Vityng}}
{{seealso|Vityng our Father}}

:fæðirr óssa, hvem ar i himinn
:nama þinn ver hǽlge
:kónungrikk þinn ver gaður
:øskja þinn ver skaftur
:an eorð og sva i himinn.
:ǿssi gefar dægglykur brǿð óssa, þessa dagg.
:og synni óssa grætar óss
:sva varr grætum þætt ƕað skap synni an ǿssi
:i nǿðen lǽðarna óss
:og fram yfil takar óss.
:sænnlykur.

==Nytal==
{{seealso|Nytal}}
{{seealso|Nytal biblical texts}}

:Babu ni la, ki ad’jo ju ojl 
:Ni la a’šijnt noym Ok 
:Nori sliknost Ok 
:Ni la a’nut ehoj Ok 
:Iknijt ju ojl, Iknijt sjep bajus vsi 
:Ole tyahri er ni la ejs ni la 
:A vlup er ni la le finans ni la 
:Iknijt gek ni la a’vlup er le mefinanser ni la 
:A ta nenijt ni la ka medoljem 
:U vrij ni la de olim 
::Amen

==Lánc==
{{seealso|Lánc}}

:Vojun nát, eráv bálot
:Townon úk svútutolas
:Townon krišpót atja
:Townon šalja toljas
:Džú bálot džu pánot
:Lakfadžo vojay vojunon banfadžáro bágwo kál
:Ši vojay vojunyojon plačoy gwalč
:Džu vój vojunyajon plajačanay mijo gwalčen
:Ši vojo onás gorávtjámás ét majv
:Ýbo vojo ód ono gráwno nálutol.
:Amen

==[[Leet_Speak|L337 5q34Ҟ]]==

:0ύЯ ph4th3r N ん3\/N,
:L33+ 1z ur N￥m,
:ur Ӄ1n6|)0mz h3Я3 nao,
:u 90んん4 cl00 vv47 u w4んん4 cl00,
:0n 34r+ん L13k n ん3\/N.
:L37z 34+ 2d4y l13k d4 07hЯ d31,
:461v h0w3r fragz & pks plz,
:& wii vv1LL 461v3 d4 w0nz dat phr4993d u5.
:$4v3 uz phr0m d4 fl00d,
:& 41$0 phr0m d4 L337 3v!|_.
:4ym3んz.

==Lišěč==
{{seealso|Lišěč}}
{|
|
:<center>'''''Latin alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Fial Ipa, ktõr õłokotë tajväka
:sanktakammë leel nimien
:mënnajast leel küningrik
:tĕdaekemmë leel vylen
:śo tajväka, śo mälmake
:đnes antajatë fiam đnesmasen lĕjpäen
:õnt fergepejetë fial velkĕnesen
:śo fi fergepekemmë fial velketelnesem
:õnt ĕłi oğiatojotë ferśukedenë
:õnt svobõdojotë fian pakadaţë
:Amen
||
:<center>'''''Cyrillic alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Фиал Ипа, ктõр õљокотё тайвäка
:санктакаммё леел нимиен
:мённайаст леел кÿнингрик
:тĕдаекеммё леел вылен
:зо тайвäка, зо мäлмаке
:ћнес антайатё фиам ћнесмасен лĕйпäен
:õнт фергепейетё фиал велкĕнесен
:зо фи фергепекеммё фиал велкетелнесем
:õнт ĕљи ођиатойотё ферзукеденё
:õнт свобõдойотё фиан пакадаθё
:Амен
|}

==Keβag==
{{seealso|Keβag}}

:Fät man, lë beş ë pöt taɸ ë nheμet'
:lo seintsat ë seɸot'u ðo
:qeşa e dewönhoxul ðo
:ër sat'a ë pełäk do
:aże taɸ ë nheμet', aże taɸ ë nhujm'
:ovinë manheşë ekys ë nałecu ekyşoru μan
:cë danosë en μyg μan
:lo danos aże en μyɣocuv μan
:cë μë phonë manhëm taɸ ë rhejżaxaş
:aca püksatё manhëm renh e-ekwaň.
:Amen

==Teycil==
{{seealso|Teycil}}
:Paycil, jsomnajs hœjcoir væ
:zulev jsuveno lea
:ga ayro bolmadanev
:malev nā lea
:jsomnajs me ehrenajs
:moljga luie molojzunour mujxel ga beih
:me jqœnūl ga gjrebeih
:polajs-ajga jqœnosæcūl gjrebō lea
:me pîrojgīne xo le ga doikot vā
:tu jræsīne jcon le ga jzineih vā
:Amēn

==Nician==
{{seealso|Nician}}

:'''Il nost pat'''

:Il nost pat, chi ses nis ceis,
:Saintifcat sie’l tu nom.
:Venì’l tu regn.
:Se face la tue volontat,
:Nis ceis com sope la terre.
:Oz dànos il nost pan cottizan.
:E dimìttenos is nosts dèvits,
:Com ezze nos dimittius ais nosts devitoes.
:E n’indùcenos in teumtazion,
:Veò lìveanos da male.

==Brithenig==

:Nustr Padr, ke sia i llo chel,
:sia senghid tew nôn,
:gwein tew rheon,
:sia ffaeth tew wolont,
:syrs lla der sig i llo chel.
:Dun nustr pan diwrnal a nu h-eidd;
:e pharddun llo nustr phechad a nu,
:si nu pharddunan llo nustr phechad.
:E salw nu di'll temp di drial,
:mai llifr nu di'll mal.
:Per ill rheon, ill cofaeth e lla leir es ill tew, per segl e segl.

==Kerno==

:a Phazeoir Nusteor que bias 'n y ceues;
:foreth noef il tew nom;
:gouenyes il tew camouils;
:foreth fès la teva gouoluntáts
:en lâ derra cuomo 'ny ceues;
:danos-el osdia le nusteor panèn cuotidièn;
:dimeti y nusteor dheuz
:cuomo dimitemus ai nusteor dheutoeres;
:et ne nus attrayer rhen al tentación,
:mays eliveránus des val.

==Old High Jermench==

:fatzar nôstar cî es in câlîs
:seiaz cunsantzîts noum twou
:wienaz rin twou
:seiaz cundahtûts wuontzats twâ
:siht in câl ah in zerra
:fân nôstar côsitân ta nous houd
:ez ferdouna nous ôdsa nôstra
:siht ez nus ferdounams ôdintîs nôstrîs
:ez nei nus intûtzas in zinhôn
:mâhs liura nus tei mâl

==Talarian==

:elemtilenopâtar
:sánctyata tawas xonomar-ca-he
:wewóytâ hanirfanar-ca-he
:pepelewórkâ tawas walar-ca-he
:hostanuššexomani-han-he
:elemtileno-han-he
:tatâhyata-me tâlcoteyel támtar-ca-he
:ffaffalyata-me mesas taipallanar-ca-he
:ffalmá cam taipallanar-ca-he
:anhaharxanyata-me çalarswwalana-ca-he
:roromyata-me tusar-te-he. Omen.

:Heavenly Father
:and blessed-be thy name
:and realised-be spiritual-Rest
:and fullydone-be thy will
:and Middle-World-in-the
:and Heavens-in-the
:and give us each-day godly-gift-the
:and wash us our spiritual-separation
:and we wash their spiritual-separation
:and burden-not us heavenly-adjudication-by
:and guide us evil-out-from

==LΙΝҀΟΥΑ LΟΥϹΑΡ / Loucarian==

:ΝЄΜЄΤ ϚΟϚΠЄІΤΟ ΠѠΔΙϹ ῙϹ ϹΑΤΑ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ : ЄΤΤΙ ΠЄJЄΤΟ ῙϹ:
:ЄΝΑΜϜЄΡϜЄΡ ΤΙΜ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ ϹΟΥΔЄΙЄΡЄ ΙϹΑ:
:ΑΒΒΑ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЄΝ ϚΑΜΑΥΑΝΑΜ ΝΑ
:ϘЄΔΔЄϹ ΑL ΝΟΜΟΝ ΔΙ ΤΙΜЄΤ
:ϚѠΠΠЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΟΥΜΜЄΝ ΔΙ ΤΙ ΠѠΔЄϘϹ ΦЄϹΤΙΝΑΜ
:ΟΥΤΤΑΤΟ ϜΑΔ ΑL ΑLΦΑϹ ΔΙ ΤΙ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΤΙΡ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΠΑΡΑΔЄΙϚΙΑΜ
:ϹϜЄΡϹΑΡЄ ΤΙ ΑΔΙϹ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЮΤΙΜ ΑL ΠΟΥΝΤΙΜ ϹΑϚϹΟΥΜНΝЄϹ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ
:ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΑL ΙϹΑΙϹΑ ΝΟΒΟΝ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ϘΟΥЄΜ ΝΑϹ ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΑΜΑΔЄΡΑΜ ΔΙ ΝЄϚϚЄΡ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔΟΥϹЄΡЄ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔΙϹ ΠЄΙΡΑϚΜΟΜ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔН ϹѠΙΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔ ΙΝJΟΥΔΙϚϚΙΑΜ. ѨΜΙΝ.

:They ask to Jesus concerning to pray; and said Jesus:
:Whenever you pray say this:
:Father of us in-heaven-in
:holy the name of you
:become the heavenly-realm of you with fast
:go done the will of you as in the earth as in the paradise
:give you towards us today the bread of-everyday of us
:wipe-away you the this-here sin of us as we wipe-away the sinship of them
:do-not lead us towards temptation
:do-not but put you us to trial. amen.

==(Modern) Ialacian==

:Yamono Fadatheudeur inmiso hedeveudeun,
:leteyim no nekem bi aneurshta.
:Leteyim no kidingdeudeum kam,
:leteyim kiena waonteyim fu hapeun bi dushta
:onmiso eukeurtheu asoru biya dushta inmiso hedeveudeun.
:Giveyim pamo tisoneun yamono neunlimiso beurekedeu.
:Forgiveyim pamo aru yamono sikinsi
:jesteumiso asoru haveyamo alsorumiso forgiveushta taseto kien sin agensteumiso pamo.
:Kipeyim pamo feurommiso faollinggeu intumiso sikin kienu biyamo tempeushta.
:Seiveyim pamo feurommiso lo iveulmung in;
:foru lo kidingdeudeum, lo padauweudeur, toru lo geulodoridi bi yimno, forueveurmiso. Amen.

==(Modern) Avelian==

:Camo no Fadatheudeur inmiseot hedeveudeun,
:cim letnida no netem bimnida-aneurnidayo.
:Cim letnida no kidingdeudeum kamao,
:cim letnida kimnat weontnida hapeunao bimnida-dumnidayo
:onmiseot euteurtheu cometeo ca bimnida-dumnidayo inmiseot hedeveudeun.
:Cim givnida camo koretien camo no tienlimiseot beureted.
:Cim forgivnida camo ateo camo no sitin
:jestmiseot cometeo camo alsuteomiseot forgivnijiyo il kim sinnida agenstmiseot camo.
:Cim kipnida camo feurommiseot feolshao intumiseot sitin kimnut camo bimnida-tempnidayo.
:Cim seivnida camo feurommiseot iveulmang il;
:feteo kidingdeudeum, padauweudeur, kuteo geulodoridi biseo cim no, kuteoeveurmiseot. Emen.

==Bu'ochia==

:Njosto padrón, kia asta an chiellium
:Chea sjen nom asta sancituri
:Chea sjen raliam venvi
:Chea sjen volosón asta naochi
:Ser terrum sem ser chiellium
:Dunnavi-noasta azi njosto pani je chachi uro
:Pardanvi njostosi ovenchuvati
:Ser noasta pardunomós achi ere ellum kia noasta uvos ovensuvasa
:Lel nen noasta inducha teminotium
:Masi leberani noasta ochje malum.
:Aminan

==[[Nyenglisk]]==

:Ár faður ín hevinað,
:Halóað er þín nam,
:þín kingdom kome,
:þín vil er makað,
:on erðað as ín hevinað.
:Give víð tilda ár dali bred.
:Forgive víð, ár sina
:As ví forgive þata, som sin eje víð
:Save ví fro tímiðum af trialað
:o delive ví fro ývilað
:[For kingdomiðum, páeriðum, o glóríðum er þíns ná o for evur. Amen.]

==[[Solaric]]==

:Fòrr ewo nhebn,
:neem Yöö yehöle,
:rüü Yöö yesiwoikèm
:weu Yöö yesiwoigeedü
:nadwol loi nhebn.
:yügevusye daalebreed ewo tadee.
:Yüfgevus eemyesen ewo,
:loi wifgevem daa deesen ngeets us.
:Yüseevys frè jentaam,
:an yübrengus frè ivu.
:[Kèz ödrüü, edpawo, 'n odgloi deeyööz
:nyo 'n freve. Amen.]

==Intrekómi==
:Món Pápa ínno ávno,
:ton nomí es holíninó,
:ton ressilénto komí,
:Te hi esóno finí,
:ono l’Érti se ínno ávno.
:Áttū ma’ món díni bréto sedí.
:Forgívū món sína per mas
:se ma forgíva la pópla ki sí kon mas.
:Sévū mas de l’hóro di triálo
:ve delíverū mas de la vílo.
:[Per la ressilénto, la póvro, ve la glóro es ton
:adéssi ve per etérni. Ámen.]

==Theudo==
:Than pár ágí,yrth thí inn yln,
:yrth than avn ádích ogam,
:Kumadth than unkrig ádích,
:Mymeridth than abad ádích,
:Onn jorder ek inn yln.
:Gefathí égí than yndé broth ágí
:ug yrdylathí égí thaí egání ágí,
:ek yrdylath égí étí dach égánath alyn égí.
:ug dá burdithí égí dá díchossen,
:ach durthí égí am drogh.
:[Lí yrth sy than unkrig ádích, than ubres ug than gylá. Líny ug y. Amen]

==[[Sandic]] (Kémani)==
:Pé da aŵ pa lēyar,
:Daeyui obatara béenú pé,
:Béno pé obaféd,
:Wîc pé obatoka,
:Ó ba imprîâ obatokara ŵhé pa ân.
:Ŵian ta damdabin jémohnin otiab opétora,
:Ta lenadabin aŵin otiab opéfama,
:Ta kémabin, ŵiab opur, otiab opéfama.
:Ŵian opéneot ma ân aŵtewîc ân ma dabin lenain,
:A ŵiab frn wîc ân ma dabin akenoin opéjjémz.
:[Pa skra jébi- Ba imprîâ frn pé batara, iné wî ba béno, iné wî ba auzeract,
:Gre kala, jéb obatara,]
:Lēamian

==[[Dmezk]]==

:Boja,
:Pani morosza muno metsa
:Muno motsekune asza
:Urhdu murez munazi otso numira fujarez arhmede,
:ko drokesza murez numira lofurajizy,
:Kru murez drokesza murez furetez dusz lek e murez muteke.
:Ko furetez murez enu umz ki dorake.

==[[Parra]]==
{|
|
:<center>''Latin:''</center>
:Papa denes, ce da a seli,
:Noma dedi esi santo fa fara.
:Sarso dedi fa veni,
:Vola dedi esi fa fara, tanta a sinla, tanta a seli.
:Ves den, xat de den per nos dada,
:E debiti denes perona, tanta nos perona emedebiti denes.
:E a temta nos ne conduşu,
:Ma nos escer de saló fara. Amén
||
:<center>''Cyrillic:''</center>
:Папа дэнэс кэ да а сэли,
:Нома дэди эси санто фа фара.
:Сарсо деди фа вени,
:Вола деди эси фа фара, танта а синла, танта а сэли.
:Вес ден, хат де ден пер нос дада,
:Э девити денес перона, танта нос перона эмэдебити денес.
:Э а тэмта нос нэ кондушу,
:Ма нос эскещэ дэ салӧ фара. Амӭн.
|}

==[[Kihā́mmic]]==
'''Kihā́mmic Millenium Bible'''

Gloss

'''9 Vámû náčûm hekóš fáz kašā́ etômá: mnốmô Dárat kétômô yû́n Yégkhāne sói, danamá tīdá sōramá séi.'''

9 You (n pl nom) have to (pres n pl) pray (inf) how (conj) according to (conj) this (f sing gen): our (m sing nom) Father (m sing nom) who (m sing nom) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (pres m sing), your (f sing nom) name (f sing nom) holy (f sing nom) be (pres f sing).

'''10 Ī́tnômô Yegašā́n ôfót, ī́tnûm yón lé Gántre yā́ yû́n Yégkhāne tróp verázamô.'''

10 Your (m sing nom) Kingdom (m sing nom) come (fut imp m sing), yours (m sing nom) on (prep) the (m sing prep) Earth (m sing prep) as (adv) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (fut imp m sing) do (past part m sing nom).

'''11 Klûrû́vû pā́dû yû́n étôme klûrét mámô stagaþố.'''

11 Daily (n sing nom) bread (n sing nom) on (prep) this (f sing prep) day (f sing prep) we (n pl all) give (imp m sing).

'''12 Yanošố mánômā solgkhámā yā́ mánômā solgkhonámā mámû yanû́m.'''

12 Pardon (imp m sing) our (m pl acc) debt (m pl acc) as (adv) our (m pl acc) debtor (m pl acc) we (n pl nom) pardon (pres n pl).

'''13 Ôyán nárstûnô mámā ôkradžôtố bán é ayán eutá mámā čulūtố paškomá ī́tnûm sói lố čanák é lố tūkál ə́tə tôvánə džā́zə. Amén.'''

13 To (prep) temptation (m sing all) we (n pl acc) lead (imp m sing) not (neg) and (conj) from (prep) evil (m sing abl) we (n pl acc) save (imp m sing) because (conj) yours (m sing nom) be (pres m sing) the (m sing nom) power (m sing nom) and (conj) the (m sing nom) glory (m sing nom) for (prep) all (m sing term) time (m sing term). Amen (adv).

==[[Hellingijø]]==
:anseraz faþiriz, hwaz in itim oranï biuziz,
:haggiðiz þinaz onamaz sijeza.
:þinaz bazilidomaz kwemiða,
:þinaz bulizi ana þe gerþi
:hwo ana þo oranï þuriða.
:anseraz hemerilikazini itini arþizi tohemeri gebeniza
:andi anseraz hamaritï sigihoriza,
:hwo wiz itini sundarï anagagin anziz sighoram.
:andi to itinø hagadomiziz de-agiza
:haldiz þinaz fram itinø ubiliziz siziza.
:amen.

==[[Aquarian]]==
:Ayter oosen, dar yas dh'indra,
:Wennick yas ya hennell ov;
:Erras a h-affy hoyrick ov;
:Voon erreth surrys;
:Ar channal, say ar indra.
:Acketh y'oos keenow gakeener scran os.
:Ga vargeth y'oos affickes os,
:Sinda chy a vargy heem dar affickash dhe goorth oos.
:Ga harrenneth y'oos nee dhe gunther;
:Madge nashneemeth y'oos oo leen.
:Amen.

==[[Tanrian]]==
:'''Patro Nostra''' - ''(a version)''
:Patro nostra, qui esta in ceal
:Santificat esta nomen teu
:Regno teu venira
:Voro teu sera fazut
:Sur Terra ca esta in ceal
:Donez a noi hodia nostra pan omnidia
:E ieştaz nostras debitos
:Ca ieştam nostras debitores
:E noi duçez non in tentazio,
:Ma noi liberaz del malezza.
:Amen

== [[Sdrawkcab]] ==

:Ruo rehtaf, ohw si ni nevaeh,
:Dewollah eb yht enam,
:Yht modgnik emoc,
:Yht lliw eb enod,
:No Htrae sa ti si ni Nevaeh
:Evig su siht yad ruo yliad daerb,
:Dna evigrof su ruo snis,
:Sa ew evigrof esoht ohw nis tsniaga su.
:Dael su ton otni noitatpmet,
:Tub reviled su morf live,
:Rof eniht si eht modgnik, eht werop dna eht yrolg,
:Rof reve dna reve,
:Nema!

==[[Bisla'ikh]]==

'''''In Bisla'ikh Script'''''
----

:Дӑтэвӑнђоҏю, ќерђКӑлэӑн,
:Овэеђэда кӑлэмӑнта,
:Ќоралусвађэда, ҏэвӑнђадтеђбува,
:Дежэђэда, гушанђэда, ҏантэнкђаҏђбувӑ,
:ГтюђЭҏпэх, лэкэнӑ скђКӑлэӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн левенӑ павђлучӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн сэќ спучӑшђэда,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн мусэнђэда,
:Ос лунӑмачэђэда скђоҏю эн мусэнђэда, ю мусэнђоҏюђбувӑ обаяђеда!
:Спрэнкђэдађбувӑ веж скђмӑлхӑнӑ, эмп cпрэнкђэдађбувӑ ҏобуђковӑтэ ос ҏобуђмӑлхӑнӑ!
:Аҏ Ќоралусвађэда, энугяђэда, сэќђэда,
:Яу сэќоҏу,
:Cпӑяђэду!

'''''In Roman Script'''''
----

:Dativan'orryu, xer'Kalian,
:Ovie'idu kalimanthu,
:Xorulirsvu'idu, rrivan'udthe'birva,
:Dezhi'idu, girshun'idu, rrunthing'urr'birva,
:Gthyu'Irrfikh, likina sg'Kalian,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in levena puv'lirchan,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in six sfirchash'idu,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu,
:Os lirnamuchi'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu, yu mirsin'orryu'birva obuya'idu!
:Sfring'idu'birva vezh sg'malkhana, imf sfring'idu'birva rrobir'kovati os rrobir'malkhana!
:Urr Xorulirsvu'idu, inirgya'idu, six'idu,
:Yair sixorrir,
:Sfaya'idir!

'''''Translation'''''
----

:Our father, in heaven,
:Your name is Sacred,
:Your kingdom, it comes,
:Your wants, your needs, they shall occur,
:On earth, similar to heaven,
:you give to us now the bread of life,
:You give to us all your compassion,
:You give to us now your forgiveness,
:and you teach to us forgiveness, so we will forgive as you!
:You will not lead us to evil, but you will lead us from temptation, and evil!
:they are your Kingdom, Your power, your all,
:For all time,
:I pray!

==[[Qi (Irfikian Language) | Qi]]==

The Prayer to Sola: The 'lord's prayer' equivalent in the Qilan religion of Solarriam

'''''Qi'a Script:'''''

[[File:Prayer_to_Sola.png]]

'''''Transliteration with Grammar points:'''''

:nalo'áf qi'no a'a so'la o'za no'ó-dá'ó
:''pray we to sola on day(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó da'sana'i lí'di qo'va
:''(adv)continuous shine his light''
:ni'vi'da lí'di vo'o'o qi'no va'lo si'í'i si'a qo'va si'a qo'novir
:''fill he lives our with joy and light and warmth''
:razina'lo'on lí'di va'siro'á na'la
:''bring forth he plants all!''
:fazi'i'os lí'di qa'a'vo'o-i'aza-dá'ó
:''sustain he herd(pl)(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó ni'vi'la'á lí'di va'lo si'zaroni'i qi'no
:''(adv)continuous provide he us with necessities our''
:a'a nazilo'o'a si'a ri'ad
:''to eternity and day''
:qa'asno'oq qi'no li'a'a
:''salute we you''
:va'la'a'í!
:''Prosper!''

'''''Proper translation:'''''

:We pray to sola on this day,
:That his light may continuously shine.
:May he fill our lives with joy, light and warmth
:May he bring forth all plants,
:May he sustain the herds
:May he continuously provide us with what we need
:For eternity and a day
:For we salute you
:Prosper!

==[[Volapük]]==
'''Volapük Rigik - Original Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binon paisaludomöz nem ola!
:Kömomöd monargän ola!
:Jenomöz vil olik, äs in sül, i su tal!
:Bodi obsik vädeliki givolös obes adelo!
:E pardolös obes debis obsik,
:äs id obs aipardobs debeles obas.
:E no obis nindukolös in tendadi;
:sod aidalivolös obis de bad.
:Jenosöd!

'''Volapük Nulik - New Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binol in süls! Nem olik pasalüdükonöd!
:Regän ola kömonöd!
:Vil olik jenonöd, äsä in sül, i su tal!
:Givolös obes adelo bodi aldelik obsik!
:E pardolös obes döbotis obsik,
:äsä i obs pardobs utanes, kels edöbons kol obs.
:E no blufodolös obis,
:ab livükolös obis de bad!
:(Ibä dutons lü ol regän, e nämäd e glor jü ün laidüp.)
:So binosös!

==Todamese==

By [[User:Xadrezo|xadrezo]]

:Meqas up thèladzh [mɛqas up θəladʒ]
:wedy qiv [wɛɟ qiv]
:wey ily [wɛj iʎ]
:odh wediv [ɔð wɛdiv]
:ladzhav thècc [ladʒav θəɕ]
:ow melcadzhapyitsh [ɔw mɛʟadʒapjitʃ]
:ow um ywethèmevits [ɔw um ɥɛθəmɛvits]
:èwh om udh ywethèdhevits [əʍ ɔm uð ɥɛθəðɛvits]
:ow kèm ywethèqgadily [ɔw kɛm ɥɛθəðɛɢadiʎ]
:èwh ow kèny fadzhiv [əʍ ɔw kəɲ fadʒiv]
:èq. [əq]

==[[Calcoradish]]==

[[File:Calcoradish sample text (Lord's prayer).jpg|500px]]

*Latin transcription
:Chém e starden

:Vem stár, edur sór agøis sym naeth; a yidur.
:Yidur dræs vem sǿdur e zøch vendur ǿl nabel.
:Yidur dræs vem volnadúr ol zøch vendur adenǽl.
:Yidur dræs vem lygor e zøch vendur nagǿl aver laghne, den andur aver naeth.
:Zøch fegois e odetol vem yidur codurnedem.
:Zøch adegois e cǽge edur yidur modelaer e chter, corem edur yidur adegedoer vem modenódel e agor yidur.
:Zøch dois gorendrǽl e yidur, em decæis yidur gór modhem.
:Volnadúr em voldor em graneth tordýr e zøch triondor.
:Amen.

==[[Labwese]]==
:Getuz-sovex'Vatu pwo njebex,
:getuz-detu'imje sanktifikate;
:riz-detu'Krolete xri sovex;
:faz-detu'Vile pwo zemlje kil pwo njebe.
:Siwodnja daz-detu sovex'xlote;
:e prastjez-detu sovex'deptex,
:kil prastjez-sovex sovex'deptekex;
:njok perlimjez-detu folz pwo temptatje,
:e rifekez-detu takuj ploxje.
:Amen.

==[[Mentolatian]]==
:zan paher, qua-dauv fí-jeuwof dauv og-quarmenom:
:our father, TOP.you, in the heavens you (be-)where

:nin-fêtyom quesam omfi-secchyom, perem fí-jeuwof i-dvan,
:down-gaze and about-look, from in heavens your,

:arjjaguz quesam cuscuw, dauv:
:blessed and lovely, you

:qua-varam pahera i-zan qua-dauv siyymnom quesam le-nes dauv khoelyos:
:TOP.truth father of us indeed you are and ACC.us you make.whole

:qua-náman i-dvan, yisam he arjjagmenem:
:TOP.name your, that-in.particular it (is) blessed

:qua-reget i-dvan, yisam he nin-wanmnem:
:TOP.realm your, that-in.particular it down-come

:qua-wallwan i-dvan, yisam he tintenmnem:
:TOP.will your, that-in.partic it be beautifully done

:nô ôg-jájomd og-qua-jwí-nô:
:as loc.Gea loc.TOP.Heavens as

:qua-sómat i-zan, cabyôm dauv le-he on-nes yiyi og-yi-sunnu:
:TOP.bread.for.the.day of us, give you ACC.it DAT.us that LOC.this.sun/day

:qua-erufezzí i-zan, nô suwatyôm dauv qua-nes, hessam nes suwatyos nô:
:TOP.sins of-us, as wash.clean you TOP.us, them we wash.clean as

:n-dlatem sem le-nes on-piscamat dauv:
:NEG.put NEG ACC.us DAT.trial you

:rats dlatem le-budem de-yi-tartar:
:quicker send ACC.evil to-that-yonder (away)

:n-wanmnem sem og-nes sem nenfâs.
:NEG.come NEG among-us no evil-doing

==[[Roguel]]==
[[File:Pater-noster-roguel.PNG]]
:Andon burcuetnya sigie burcuteget:
:Ronetlinete Attokorutyo,
:ansiradiyabek ec'ungut,
:onabek t'amanextangut,
:hanyiptabek lhardagut,
:ronde hanodeder.
:Unarihat pankorutit pirkoruma.
:Avelkorutna ripna,
:avelkepkorutna ripnakder.
:Pesadey dumirkorimat merey ik'adibikare.
:Guene t'amanextanek, hurotek, yomonek, kolganalnuk.
:Amen.

==[[Urban Basanawa]]==
Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食与うﾟと我等す今日
: 又ん赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えわ゜と我等之負者
: 又ん無率ど我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, geve to us fondag
: en fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergevet ur beshulders
: en ne leed us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho:p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho:p dai 'kiŋdom 'ko:m/
: /'ho:p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik an hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho: p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:vət ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en ne 'li:t us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/

==Koulesch==
: Fater Unser, der is ime himmel
: Geheiligt werde dain name
: dain raich kome
: dain wille gescheh
: auf erden wie ime himmel
: gib uns heyt unser tagliches brout
: und erlou unsere schulde
: wie wir erloun unsere schuldiger
: und fyyre uns nicht in fersuuchung
: aber befrai uns fomme ybel
: Amen

Pronunciation:
: /'fɑ:tər ʊnsər dɛr ɪs ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /g'he:lɪkt 'ʋɛrdə daɪn 'nɑ:mə/
: /daɪn 'raɪx 'ko:mə/
: /daɪn 'ʋɪl:ə g'ʃe:/
: /auf 'ɛrdən ʋi: ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /'gɪp ʊns 'hɛɪt ʊnsərə 'tɑ:klɪxəs 'bro:t/
: /ʊnt ər'lo: ʊnsərə 'ʃʊldə/
: /ʋi: ʋɪr ər'lo: ʊnsərə 'ʃʊldɪgər/
: /ʊnt 'fi:rə ʊns nɪxt ɪn fər'su:xʊŋ/
: /abər b'fraɪ ʊns fomə 'i:bəl/
: /ɑ:mən/

=Alternative Writing System=
==[[Tower Orthography|Tawyr Oorthaagryfii]]==
*Erlii Maadyrn Ingglic (1662 BCP)
:Aur Fadhyr, witc art in Hevyn,
:Halood bii dhai Neem.
:Dhai Kingdym cym.
:Dhai wil bii dyn,
:in erth az it iz in Hevyn.
:Giv ys dhis dee aur deelii bred.
:And foorgiv ys aur trespasiz,
:Az wii foorgiv dhem dhat trespas ygenst ys.
:And liid ys naat intuu tempteetcyn;
:Byt dylivyr ys frym iivil.
:[Foor dhain iz dhy kingdym, dhy pawyr, and dhy gloorii,
:Foor ever and ever.] Amen.

==Mënk==
By [[User:Sam_s89|Sam_s89]]

*An alternative writing system for a Mancunian conlang, still in the early stages of development.
:Ë të-afse,
:Wah bÿ n Elÿsÿum,
:Fntastk bÿ je næm.
:Je tym kum
:Je wanh bÿ tun
:N ve Näf n Elÿsÿum.
:Gf wÿ ttæ ë clep
:N fegyf ë prÿfjus
:N wÿ ulfegyf veh wah prÿfjus wÿ
:N tunt sent wÿ nefe temcun
:But tlyfe wÿ frm ÿfyl
:[Fe Elÿsÿum, ve pë n glary bÿ ja, në n frefe]
:Ëmn

==[['Ingglish|Íngglish]]==
By [[User:Personak|personak]].

*King Dgeimzs Vurczén (King James Version)
:Aur fáadhur,
:Which aart in héeven,
:Háaloud bii dhai neim.
:Dhai kíngdem kuom,
:Dhai wil bii duon on Urth,
:Azs it izs in héeven.
:Giv uos dhis dei aur déiliy breed.
:And fourgív uos aur deets,
:As wii fourgív aur déeterzs.
:And liid uos not íntuu teemptéicsen,
:Buot delíver uos fruom íivel:
:Four dhain izs dhe kíngdem, and dhe páuwer, and dhe glóuriy, fouréver.
:Éimeen.

[[Category:Texts]]

Our Father

2015-04-05T11:01:22Z

K1234567890y: /* Urban Basanawa */

'''Our Father''', also known as the '''Lord's Prayer''', is a widely-known prayer of Christianity. It is used by linguists and conlangers for comparing the differences between languages. In many cases it is also called the '''Pater Noster''' because of the widespread use of Latin in the Church. There are even [[Runes|Runic]] inscriptions in Latin along the lines of "say a Pater Noster for so-and-so's soul."

=Natlangs=
==[[Romance Languages]]==
===Latin===
:Pater noster, qui es in caelis:
:sanctificetur Nomen Tuum;
:adveniat Regnum Tuum;
:fiat voluntas Tua,
:sicut in caelo, et in terra.
:Panem nostrum cotidianum da nobis hodie;
:et dimitte nobis debita nostra,
:Sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris;
:et ne nos inducas in tentationem;
:sed libera nos a Malo.

===[[Spanish]]===
:Padre nuestro, que estás en los cielos,
:santificado sea tu Nombre;
:venga tu Reino;
:hágase tu Voluntad,
:así en la tierra como en el cielo.
:Nuestro pan cotidiano dánosle hoy;
:y perdónanos nuestras deudas,
:así como nosotros hemos perdonado a nuestros deudores;
:no nos dejes caer en tentación,
:mas líbranos del mal.
:Amén.

==[[Germanic languages]]==
===[[High German]]===
:Vater Unser im Himmel,
:Geheiligt werde Dein Name,
:Dein Reich komme.
:Dein Wille geschehe,
:Wie im Himmel, so auf Erden.
:Unser tägliches Brot gib uns heute,
:Und vergib uns unsere Schuld,
:Wie auch wir vergeben unseren Schuldigern.
:Und führe uns nicht in Versuchung,
:Sondern erlöse uns von dem Bösen.
:Denn Dein ist das Reich und die Kraft
:und die Herrlichkeit, in Ewigkeit.
:Amen.

===[[Dutch]]===
:Onze Vader,
:die in de hemelen zijt,
:geheiligd zij Uw naam.
:Uw rijk kome,
:Uw wil geschiede op aarde als in de hemel.
:Geef ons heden ons dagelijks brood,
:en vergeef ons onze schulden,
:gelijk ook wij vergeven aan onze schuldenaren.
:En leid ons niet in bekoring,
:maar verlos ons van het kwade.

===[[Modern English]] ELLC (1988)===
:Our Father in heaven,
:hallowed be your name,
:your kingdom come,
:your will be done,
:on earth as in heaven.
:Give us today our daily bread.
:Forgive us our sins
:as we forgive those who sin against us.
:Save us from the time of trial
:and deliver us from evil.
:[For the kingdom, the power, and the glory are yours
:now and for ever. Amen.]

===[[Early Modern English]] (1662 BCP)===
:Our Father, which art in Heaven,
:Hallowed be thy Name.
:Thy Kingdom come.
:Thy will be done,
:in earth as it is in Heaven.
:Give us this day our daily bread.
:And forgive us our trespasses,
:As we forgive them that trespass against us.
:And lead us not into temptation;
:But deliver us from evil.
:[For thine is the kingdom, The power, and the glory,
:For ever and ever.] Amen.

===[[Middle English]]===
:Fader ure ðatt art in hevene blisse,
:Ðin hege name itt wurðe bliscedd,
:Cumen itt mote ði kingdom,
:Ðin hali wil it be al don,
:In heven and in erðe all so,
:So itt sall ben ful wel ic to;
:Gif us alle one ðis dai,
:Ure bred of iche dai,
:And forgive us ure sinne,
:Als we don ure wiðerwinnes:
:Leet us noct in fondlinge fall,
:Ooc fro ivel ðu sild us alle. Amen.

===[[Anglo-Saxon]]===
:Fæder ūre, þū eart on heofonum:
:sī þīn nama ȝehāȝlod.
:Tōbecume þīn rīce.
:Ȝeƿeorþe þīn ƿilla
:on eorþan sƿāsƿā on heofonum.
:Ūre dæȝhƿāmlican hlāf sielle ūs tō dæȝe.
:And forȝief ūs ūre ȝyltas
:sƿāsƿā ƿē forȝiefaþ ūrum ȝyltendem.
:And ne ȝelǣd þū on costnunȝe,
:ac ālīes ūs of yfele.

===[[Norwegian]]===
:Fader vår, du som er i himmelen!
:Helliget vorde ditt navn;
:komme ditt rike;
:skje din vilje,
:som i himmelen, så og på jorden;
:gi oss idag vårt daglige brød;
:og forlat oss vår skyld,
:som vi og forlater våre skyldnere;
:og led oss ikke inn i fristelse;
:men fri oss fra det onde.
:For riket er ditt,
:og makten og æren i evighet.
:Amen.

==[[Celtic Languages]]==

===[[Proto-Gallo-Brythonic]]===
:Asron atīr, esti·i̯o eni nemesi,
:noibos buu̯et tou anu̯an,
:ro·to·aχsāt tou rīgi̯on
:u̯reχtus tou au̯illos
:u̯or talamoni samalī eni nemesi.
:Asron baragon petidīi̯ācon dā snūs sindīu̯on.
:Matu̯ī snūs asron dligetā,
:samalī i̯on matu̯imos asron dligeti̯obo,
:ne·c snīs wede dū u̯osagitē,
:eχtos snīs dīlunge au u̯allū.
:Amen.

=Conlangs=

Feel free to add Lord's prayer in your conlangs' version here.

==[[Aingeljã]]==
Nou Pare, qwe ets nou cell, 
qwe santificat eh vou nome, 
qwe vene a nos vou reixĩ. 
Qwe eh façata va voluntà, 
tant na terra com nou cell. 
Donat-nus hogge nou pã qwotiggãn 
e pardonat-nus nas ofensas, 
com tantbain nos pardonèms qwĩns ofensen-nus. 
E nõ deixat-nus cadre na tentazõn 
e lluwerat-nus dou Mal. 
Amain. 

==[[Altherkin Itak]]==
[[File:Our_Father_-_Altherkin_Itak_-_Script_4.JPG]]

:Jia'meh Abbous Jeon'yajeo naebu de, namaewae Yi beilahjeon ang de.
:Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi beilah.
:Jikan fotei, dei'fover Yi werben no Jeo e'ea Jeon'yajeo naebu.
:Deikan ima e'ea deikan'mej, lat warei kae'a jia'meh nimo.
:Luswerzya luswer jia'meh paliya. Warei ahsu luswer luswerzya dei'fover nyan.
:Yi beilah nei warei jianxi werben dili, da'a'te Yi warei proteto detei luswer paliya.
:(Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi ang de, ta Jeonji, e'ea ta pa'a'me, por jikan fotei mej.)
:Ohmaen

:Our Father Heaven inside is, name you holy it is.
:Land of God your exist.
:Time future, intent you act of Earth and Heaven inside.
:Today and every day, To us bread our give.
:Forget sins our please. We their sin forget intend also.
:You "To be" no us cause "to act" bad, but you us protect from sin please.
:(Land of God yours it is, The divine power, and the glory, for time future all.)
:Amen

[http://www.facebook.com/v/2682096943833 Hear it read by Motonjia (external Link)]

==[[Arkhæn | Arkhæn]]==
A Prayer to The Psynecerion, a polytheistic "Lord's Prayer" equivalent in the religion of Kareigăn-Hæx religion.

=== Modern Arkhæn Alkavăht Script ===
[[File:Arkhaen_Lordprayer.PNG]]

=== Romanized: ===
:Keir præhăm mhe jzakar Yfikt Sehri,
:Hoth amăn khăma taiku Hæx, ara Gaateni
:Keir amăn ir ăndrgaaten, keir flær dhe vari, mhe garăm deru cogan dhe miyar kædi
:Mhe kariar ăz i ăn ara zeidu joirk ak mhe mujes jzakar haqeinan dhe hjaani
:Măhdi keir suod zăn hoth adr, măhdi keir anămi zăn hoth adr,
:Mhe ghejz haqeinan zuk i ăn ăhsl dyhijoi
:Măhdi hoth gaate qajoi dyhijoi mhe mujes jzakar kanrqeinăn avarkhe
:Măhdi ăhsl mhe takad kăhkănen dhe jzakar ræhi dhe hjaani ak dhe jzakr Kareigăn-Hæx.
:Aze Takădi!

=== Translation: ===
:We pray to the Perfect Ones,
:They who came from Six, our creators
:We who are subservient, we ask of them, to lend us some of their strength
:To carry on our daily tasks and to keep the balance of nature
:May we live as they do, may we die as they do, to bring balance upon all worlds
:May they create more worlds to drive the imbalance away.
:May all to be enlightened of the ways of nature and of the Original Six.
:Aze Takadi! (both a greeting gesture as well as a sort of "amen")

==[[The World|Avantimanisc]]==
:Oure fadêr that be yn heuenerihhe;
:sende ye-hallawet thin namô;
:cwem te thin rihhdomaz;
:sende thin wellez ye-dôn swo yn medwaralde swo yn heuenam;
:yef ôs on te daye oure ĳelckday susteynavant;
:ande ôs foryef oure detes,
:swo we foryef te oure detendam;
:ande ne lîth ôs nouwt te thon castynge,
:but framward-ôs-lôs fram euele.

==Esperanto==
:Patro nia, kiu estas en la ĉielo,
:sanktigata estu Via nomo.
:Venu Via regno.
:Fariĝu Via volo,
:kiel en la ĉielo, tiel ankaŭ sur la tero.
:Nian panon ĉiutagan donu al ni hodiaŭ.
:Kaj pardonu al ni niajn ŝuldojn,
:kiel ankaŭ ni pardonas al niaj ŝuldantoj.
:Kaj ne konduku nin en tenton,
:sed liberigu nin de la malbono.
:(Ĉar Via estas la regno kaj la potenco
:kaj la gloro eterne.)
:Amen.

==[[Háfrig]]==
:Kes Etâr, qwin il eskáleo ri,
:genomentuz i missild,
:offimmoz i tis agenir,
:geroz i tis élekk,
:léda l-eskálio, śo l-edzúroro si.
:Forventikál vekánandum dontiz káj píl,
:et offűliz i bêtgánandu,
:léda ke s’ offűlam i h-inóvand bêtdífendo.
:E gin véliz kum kojsitána,
:ak gemojgiriz i vultími.
:(Dé tis i h-agenir, i forrel e l-iskür forvenâk.)
:Roz ö-gen.

==Lojban==
:doi cevrirni.iu noi zvati le do cevzda do'u fu'e .aicai .e'ecai lo do cmene ru'i censa
:.i le do nobli turni be la ter. ku se cfari
:.i loi do se djica ba snada mulno vi'e le cevzda .e .a'o la ter.
:.i fu'e .e'o ko dunda ca le cabdei le ri nanba mi'a
:.i ko fraxu mi loi ri zu'o palci
:.ijo mi fraxu roda poi pacyzu'e xrani mi
:.i ko lidne mi fa'anai loi pacyxlu
:.i ko sepri'a mi loi palci
:.i .uicai ni'i loi se turni .e loi vlipa .e loi mi'orselsi'a cu me le do romei
:fa'o

==[[Anoé]]==

:,nul-((fuuilat-en-ia)-él-éltil)

:efma-en-ve fi-atfalit tléé

:((tintom-en-ve fi-ulaat tléé

:uuifó-en-ve fó-én-aé)

:an-(Earth)-fn-(al-ló-él-éltil)).

:,ve ie-aile-ufuium li-aten-óf-(ailu)-at-ia.

:,ve felien-en-ia éliuón-at-ia

:nif-(ia én-(laéen ia feliu) éliuón-at-al.

:,ve ia erian-ól-(ésélit-en-uilien)

:tléé ve ia erian-sééld.

:(fan ól-tintom tlé ól-élein tlé ól-aliaten (al-en-ve al

:ló-(et-tlé-néf)). ,fti-ló.)

==Classical Longrimol==
{{seealso|Longrimol}} by [[User:Longrim|Longrim]]

:Adhorom nedhúrer
:airalichy raivog
:therdhäil darandorog
:dhánäilichy malfog
:márchan nedhúrer
:gweltheljbantho-m'il
:jaldhtharvo-m'il
:oi thärvim mênjäldhim
:dhulro-m'il glastainúlong
:dhulro-m'il gruidhong.

:[find i dharandr-og cambadh-og asdago-og cwildhríl. Emín.]

==Classical Arithide==
{{seealso|Classical Arithide}} by [[User:Denihilonihil|Eugene]]
{{seealso|Arithide Sample Text Corpus}}

{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" width="66%"
|-
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Classical Arithide
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Late Classical Arithide
|-
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rignā, zōon saluminnum, histamosit illos ays. Egēra lisgas ays. Reskerosit deiros ays, halagum saluminnumena. Rignor emereto haror omer krerērō, a kansārērō irige syndrē, rīgisae syndirēnēs kansārena. On rege avgērērō thiftiae, nege rege magārērō vokirōn. Amen.
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rikin, saluminnum hero, histamesit illos ayn. Egura lisgas ayn. Reskeresit deiros ayn, halaginnum saluminnumena. Rikin emnatir haro omnat kreruras, nam kansaruras rīkae syndrē, rikisyndoris syndirēnēs kansariena. On riko avlataguras orgrei, nege riko magāruras vokyrōn. Amen.
|}

==Ellesklavan==
{{seealso|Ellesklavan}}

:vidrömü, ci eu en éfni,
:aolé eu tli nömü.
:tli řoyamü viyen.
:tli sřay eu fazi,
:en teřya é ža eu en éfni.
:dono no sé širu pasirana kotined.
:éti frocefi no trégepaseniran,
:kön no frocefi elehli ci trégepaseni kontri no.
:éti neu kleřtni pa no ostü betnosü;
:mé délifeř no dé džharag.
:(porceu lešé eu lé řoyamü, lé pufovřir, éti lé kloriyen,
:por tu éti tu) amné.

== Teeverb Kuluxem ==
{{seealso|Teeverb Kuluxem}}

Teeverb Kuluxem:

:Tuchomat Kulonar:
:Padre keeyuhn infadia, uba' nio shuuran,
:Tunatma kuyuhn echa' tubonflaken.
:Yaco-ubhiemna tukinglak kunoi tuyumya,
:Shem yaco-ubfin tupaj kunoi,
:Nio shutereen sima nio shuuran.
:Pal-ubofero tukwam kudiama kuval alt sheeyuhn;
:Shem pal-ubforglan teeyuhn sima okforglan teeotheeno;
:Vo pal-ubleedha teeyuhn alt shutemapta,
:Kief pal-ubforma okvan vaeem shupekitat;
:Tukinglak shem tufuertlas shem tuglameeka eshadda kunoi.
:Amen

Translation:

:The prayer of the Lord:
:The Father of Ours, who is in Heaven,
:Your name is great.
:Bring your kingdom here,
:And accomplish your plan,
:On Earth the same as in Heaven.
:Give us the food of this day;
:Forgive us the same as we forgive others;
:Do not lead us to temptation,
:But force us to go away from evil;
:The glory, the power and the glory are your's.
:Amen

==Thorsutian==
{{seealso|Thorsutian}}

:Man baset, cus ёd nё parasje,
:ёsmardzsёn ёdur xjen zavke.
:Xjen mёbraţje rikas.
:Xjen zsёdu çozid,
:ёn toke siç ёd tho parasjud.
:Jat maţu ked ord man vorje bucje.
:E ţalis maţu man funёbartiv,
:siç maţ ţalёmi çadёk cus funёbart kurda maţu
:E pron maţu nok tho ёnarzsud,
:pas shonah maţu el necud,
:(ţa xjen ёl mёbraţi, uuzs, e strirren,
:ţa dadarma e dadarma.)
:Amen

==Tauro-Piscean==
{{seealso|Tauro-Piscean language}}

:Tet Fedä ëleêses, wa zï in Heofonem,
:¡Letan tet Namen janes clenê bean!
:Tet Kïnedom janes kum.
:¡Letan tet Willê janes dodê bean,
:Et Eëtenem tonnê in Heofonem!
:¡Jefan ëleêsen tode tet jedewamliken Bräden!
:¡And fëjefan ëleêsen te Jïêlten,
:Tonnê ëleês fëjef kvinem, dass makê Jïêlten!
:¡And ledan ëleêsen nat in Kostnungen,
:Ak beëjan ëleêsan fram Ïfeêlem!
:[Tï janes zï tet Kïnedom, tet Mït and tet Wöldë,
:To efä nes efä.] Sotlikê.

It is worth noting that the Tauro-Piscean language evolved into the (New) West Germanic language below.

==West Germanic==
{{seealso|West Germanic language}}

:Uɍę Ąldoɍ, tu tąt is in ħjovonųm,
:Si tin namę halaɉ.
:Kumę tin riŧę,
:Maŧiǫn tin wįleǫn up eɍdųm ék swa in ħjovonųm.
:Uɍę daɉliŧ lafǫn gįvǫn us todaɉ,
:ǫnd foɍgįvǫn us uɍę ſųldzǫn ék swa we foɍgįf uɍę ſųldaɉǫn.
:Ǫnd faɍǫn tu ųn in ħjan kǫstnųnðǫn, ak luzǫn ųn uvęlęnę.
:[Ųmbętąt tin is tąt riŧę, tąt miħt ǫnd tąt wųldoɍ,
:ąvɍweɍd eŧę.]
:Sodliŧę.

==Vityng by [[User:Schlaier|Schlaier]]==
{{seealso|Vityng}}
{{seealso|Vityng our Father}}

:fæðirr óssa, hvem ar i himinn
:nama þinn ver hǽlge
:kónungrikk þinn ver gaður
:øskja þinn ver skaftur
:an eorð og sva i himinn.
:ǿssi gefar dægglykur brǿð óssa, þessa dagg.
:og synni óssa grætar óss
:sva varr grætum þætt ƕað skap synni an ǿssi
:i nǿðen lǽðarna óss
:og fram yfil takar óss.
:sænnlykur.

==Nytal==
{{seealso|Nytal}}
{{seealso|Nytal biblical texts}}

:Babu ni la, ki ad’jo ju ojl 
:Ni la a’šijnt noym Ok 
:Nori sliknost Ok 
:Ni la a’nut ehoj Ok 
:Iknijt ju ojl, Iknijt sjep bajus vsi 
:Ole tyahri er ni la ejs ni la 
:A vlup er ni la le finans ni la 
:Iknijt gek ni la a’vlup er le mefinanser ni la 
:A ta nenijt ni la ka medoljem 
:U vrij ni la de olim 
::Amen

==Lánc==
{{seealso|Lánc}}

:Vojun nát, eráv bálot
:Townon úk svútutolas
:Townon krišpót atja
:Townon šalja toljas
:Džú bálot džu pánot
:Lakfadžo vojay vojunon banfadžáro bágwo kál
:Ši vojay vojunyojon plačoy gwalč
:Džu vój vojunyajon plajačanay mijo gwalčen
:Ši vojo onás gorávtjámás ét majv
:Ýbo vojo ód ono gráwno nálutol.
:Amen

==[[Leet_Speak|L337 5q34Ҟ]]==

:0ύЯ ph4th3r N ん3\/N,
:L33+ 1z ur N￥m,
:ur Ӄ1n6|)0mz h3Я3 nao,
:u 90んん4 cl00 vv47 u w4んん4 cl00,
:0n 34r+ん L13k n ん3\/N.
:L37z 34+ 2d4y l13k d4 07hЯ d31,
:461v h0w3r fragz & pks plz,
:& wii vv1LL 461v3 d4 w0nz dat phr4993d u5.
:$4v3 uz phr0m d4 fl00d,
:& 41$0 phr0m d4 L337 3v!|_.
:4ym3んz.

==Lišěč==
{{seealso|Lišěč}}
{|
|
:<center>'''''Latin alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Fial Ipa, ktõr õłokotë tajväka
:sanktakammë leel nimien
:mënnajast leel küningrik
:tĕdaekemmë leel vylen
:śo tajväka, śo mälmake
:đnes antajatë fiam đnesmasen lĕjpäen
:õnt fergepejetë fial velkĕnesen
:śo fi fergepekemmë fial velketelnesem
:õnt ĕłi oğiatojotë ferśukedenë
:õnt svobõdojotë fian pakadaţë
:Amen
||
:<center>'''''Cyrillic alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Фиал Ипа, ктõр õљокотё тайвäка
:санктакаммё леел нимиен
:мённайаст леел кÿнингрик
:тĕдаекеммё леел вылен
:зо тайвäка, зо мäлмаке
:ћнес антайатё фиам ћнесмасен лĕйпäен
:õнт фергепейетё фиал велкĕнесен
:зо фи фергепекеммё фиал велкетелнесем
:õнт ĕљи ођиатойотё ферзукеденё
:õнт свобõдойотё фиан пакадаθё
:Амен
|}

==Keβag==
{{seealso|Keβag}}

:Fät man, lë beş ë pöt taɸ ë nheμet'
:lo seintsat ë seɸot'u ðo
:qeşa e dewönhoxul ðo
:ër sat'a ë pełäk do
:aże taɸ ë nheμet', aże taɸ ë nhujm'
:ovinë manheşë ekys ë nałecu ekyşoru μan
:cë danosë en μyg μan
:lo danos aże en μyɣocuv μan
:cë μë phonë manhëm taɸ ë rhejżaxaş
:aca püksatё manhëm renh e-ekwaň.
:Amen

==Teycil==
{{seealso|Teycil}}
:Paycil, jsomnajs hœjcoir væ
:zulev jsuveno lea
:ga ayro bolmadanev
:malev nā lea
:jsomnajs me ehrenajs
:moljga luie molojzunour mujxel ga beih
:me jqœnūl ga gjrebeih
:polajs-ajga jqœnosæcūl gjrebō lea
:me pîrojgīne xo le ga doikot vā
:tu jræsīne jcon le ga jzineih vā
:Amēn

==Nician==
{{seealso|Nician}}

:'''Il nost pat'''

:Il nost pat, chi ses nis ceis,
:Saintifcat sie’l tu nom.
:Venì’l tu regn.
:Se face la tue volontat,
:Nis ceis com sope la terre.
:Oz dànos il nost pan cottizan.
:E dimìttenos is nosts dèvits,
:Com ezze nos dimittius ais nosts devitoes.
:E n’indùcenos in teumtazion,
:Veò lìveanos da male.

==Brithenig==

:Nustr Padr, ke sia i llo chel,
:sia senghid tew nôn,
:gwein tew rheon,
:sia ffaeth tew wolont,
:syrs lla der sig i llo chel.
:Dun nustr pan diwrnal a nu h-eidd;
:e pharddun llo nustr phechad a nu,
:si nu pharddunan llo nustr phechad.
:E salw nu di'll temp di drial,
:mai llifr nu di'll mal.
:Per ill rheon, ill cofaeth e lla leir es ill tew, per segl e segl.

==Kerno==

:a Phazeoir Nusteor que bias 'n y ceues;
:foreth noef il tew nom;
:gouenyes il tew camouils;
:foreth fès la teva gouoluntáts
:en lâ derra cuomo 'ny ceues;
:danos-el osdia le nusteor panèn cuotidièn;
:dimeti y nusteor dheuz
:cuomo dimitemus ai nusteor dheutoeres;
:et ne nus attrayer rhen al tentación,
:mays eliveránus des val.

==Old High Jermench==

:fatzar nôstar cî es in câlîs
:seiaz cunsantzîts noum twou
:wienaz rin twou
:seiaz cundahtûts wuontzats twâ
:siht in câl ah in zerra
:fân nôstar côsitân ta nous houd
:ez ferdouna nous ôdsa nôstra
:siht ez nus ferdounams ôdintîs nôstrîs
:ez nei nus intûtzas in zinhôn
:mâhs liura nus tei mâl

==Talarian==

:elemtilenopâtar
:sánctyata tawas xonomar-ca-he
:wewóytâ hanirfanar-ca-he
:pepelewórkâ tawas walar-ca-he
:hostanuššexomani-han-he
:elemtileno-han-he
:tatâhyata-me tâlcoteyel támtar-ca-he
:ffaffalyata-me mesas taipallanar-ca-he
:ffalmá cam taipallanar-ca-he
:anhaharxanyata-me çalarswwalana-ca-he
:roromyata-me tusar-te-he. Omen.

:Heavenly Father
:and blessed-be thy name
:and realised-be spiritual-Rest
:and fullydone-be thy will
:and Middle-World-in-the
:and Heavens-in-the
:and give us each-day godly-gift-the
:and wash us our spiritual-separation
:and we wash their spiritual-separation
:and burden-not us heavenly-adjudication-by
:and guide us evil-out-from

==LΙΝҀΟΥΑ LΟΥϹΑΡ / Loucarian==

:ΝЄΜЄΤ ϚΟϚΠЄІΤΟ ΠѠΔΙϹ ῙϹ ϹΑΤΑ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ : ЄΤΤΙ ΠЄJЄΤΟ ῙϹ:
:ЄΝΑΜϜЄΡϜЄΡ ΤΙΜ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ ϹΟΥΔЄΙЄΡЄ ΙϹΑ:
:ΑΒΒΑ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЄΝ ϚΑΜΑΥΑΝΑΜ ΝΑ
:ϘЄΔΔЄϹ ΑL ΝΟΜΟΝ ΔΙ ΤΙΜЄΤ
:ϚѠΠΠЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΟΥΜΜЄΝ ΔΙ ΤΙ ΠѠΔЄϘϹ ΦЄϹΤΙΝΑΜ
:ΟΥΤΤΑΤΟ ϜΑΔ ΑL ΑLΦΑϹ ΔΙ ΤΙ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΤΙΡ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΠΑΡΑΔЄΙϚΙΑΜ
:ϹϜЄΡϹΑΡЄ ΤΙ ΑΔΙϹ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЮΤΙΜ ΑL ΠΟΥΝΤΙΜ ϹΑϚϹΟΥΜНΝЄϹ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ
:ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΑL ΙϹΑΙϹΑ ΝΟΒΟΝ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ϘΟΥЄΜ ΝΑϹ ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΑΜΑΔЄΡΑΜ ΔΙ ΝЄϚϚЄΡ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔΟΥϹЄΡЄ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔΙϹ ΠЄΙΡΑϚΜΟΜ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔН ϹѠΙΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔ ΙΝJΟΥΔΙϚϚΙΑΜ. ѨΜΙΝ.

:They ask to Jesus concerning to pray; and said Jesus:
:Whenever you pray say this:
:Father of us in-heaven-in
:holy the name of you
:become the heavenly-realm of you with fast
:go done the will of you as in the earth as in the paradise
:give you towards us today the bread of-everyday of us
:wipe-away you the this-here sin of us as we wipe-away the sinship of them
:do-not lead us towards temptation
:do-not but put you us to trial. amen.

==(Modern) Ialacian==

:Yamono Fadatheudeur inmiso hedeveudeun,
:leteyim no nekem bi aneurshta.
:Leteyim no kidingdeudeum kam,
:leteyim kiena waonteyim fu hapeun bi dushta
:onmiso eukeurtheu asoru biya dushta inmiso hedeveudeun.
:Giveyim pamo tisoneun yamono neunlimiso beurekedeu.
:Forgiveyim pamo aru yamono sikinsi
:jesteumiso asoru haveyamo alsorumiso forgiveushta taseto kien sin agensteumiso pamo.
:Kipeyim pamo feurommiso faollinggeu intumiso sikin kienu biyamo tempeushta.
:Seiveyim pamo feurommiso lo iveulmung in;
:foru lo kidingdeudeum, lo padauweudeur, toru lo geulodoridi bi yimno, forueveurmiso. Amen.

==(Modern) Avelian==

:Camo no Fadatheudeur inmiseot hedeveudeun,
:cim letnida no netem bimnida-aneurnidayo.
:Cim letnida no kidingdeudeum kamao,
:cim letnida kimnat weontnida hapeunao bimnida-dumnidayo
:onmiseot euteurtheu cometeo ca bimnida-dumnidayo inmiseot hedeveudeun.
:Cim givnida camo koretien camo no tienlimiseot beureted.
:Cim forgivnida camo ateo camo no sitin
:jestmiseot cometeo camo alsuteomiseot forgivnijiyo il kim sinnida agenstmiseot camo.
:Cim kipnida camo feurommiseot feolshao intumiseot sitin kimnut camo bimnida-tempnidayo.
:Cim seivnida camo feurommiseot iveulmang il;
:feteo kidingdeudeum, padauweudeur, kuteo geulodoridi biseo cim no, kuteoeveurmiseot. Emen.

==Bu'ochia==

:Njosto padrón, kia asta an chiellium
:Chea sjen nom asta sancituri
:Chea sjen raliam venvi
:Chea sjen volosón asta naochi
:Ser terrum sem ser chiellium
:Dunnavi-noasta azi njosto pani je chachi uro
:Pardanvi njostosi ovenchuvati
:Ser noasta pardunomós achi ere ellum kia noasta uvos ovensuvasa
:Lel nen noasta inducha teminotium
:Masi leberani noasta ochje malum.
:Aminan

==[[Nyenglisk]]==

:Ár faður ín hevinað,
:Halóað er þín nam,
:þín kingdom kome,
:þín vil er makað,
:on erðað as ín hevinað.
:Give víð tilda ár dali bred.
:Forgive víð, ár sina
:As ví forgive þata, som sin eje víð
:Save ví fro tímiðum af trialað
:o delive ví fro ývilað
:[For kingdomiðum, páeriðum, o glóríðum er þíns ná o for evur. Amen.]

==[[Solaric]]==

:Fòrr ewo nhebn,
:neem Yöö yehöle,
:rüü Yöö yesiwoikèm
:weu Yöö yesiwoigeedü
:nadwol loi nhebn.
:yügevusye daalebreed ewo tadee.
:Yüfgevus eemyesen ewo,
:loi wifgevem daa deesen ngeets us.
:Yüseevys frè jentaam,
:an yübrengus frè ivu.
:[Kèz ödrüü, edpawo, 'n odgloi deeyööz
:nyo 'n freve. Amen.]

==Intrekómi==
:Món Pápa ínno ávno,
:ton nomí es holíninó,
:ton ressilénto komí,
:Te hi esóno finí,
:ono l’Érti se ínno ávno.
:Áttū ma’ món díni bréto sedí.
:Forgívū món sína per mas
:se ma forgíva la pópla ki sí kon mas.
:Sévū mas de l’hóro di triálo
:ve delíverū mas de la vílo.
:[Per la ressilénto, la póvro, ve la glóro es ton
:adéssi ve per etérni. Ámen.]

==Theudo==
:Than pár ágí,yrth thí inn yln,
:yrth than avn ádích ogam,
:Kumadth than unkrig ádích,
:Mymeridth than abad ádích,
:Onn jorder ek inn yln.
:Gefathí égí than yndé broth ágí
:ug yrdylathí égí thaí egání ágí,
:ek yrdylath égí étí dach égánath alyn égí.
:ug dá burdithí égí dá díchossen,
:ach durthí égí am drogh.
:[Lí yrth sy than unkrig ádích, than ubres ug than gylá. Líny ug y. Amen]

==[[Sandic]] (Kémani)==
:Pé da aŵ pa lēyar,
:Daeyui obatara béenú pé,
:Béno pé obaféd,
:Wîc pé obatoka,
:Ó ba imprîâ obatokara ŵhé pa ân.
:Ŵian ta damdabin jémohnin otiab opétora,
:Ta lenadabin aŵin otiab opéfama,
:Ta kémabin, ŵiab opur, otiab opéfama.
:Ŵian opéneot ma ân aŵtewîc ân ma dabin lenain,
:A ŵiab frn wîc ân ma dabin akenoin opéjjémz.
:[Pa skra jébi- Ba imprîâ frn pé batara, iné wî ba béno, iné wî ba auzeract,
:Gre kala, jéb obatara,]
:Lēamian

==[[Dmezk]]==

:Boja,
:Pani morosza muno metsa
:Muno motsekune asza
:Urhdu murez munazi otso numira fujarez arhmede,
:ko drokesza murez numira lofurajizy,
:Kru murez drokesza murez furetez dusz lek e murez muteke.
:Ko furetez murez enu umz ki dorake.

==[[Parra]]==
{|
|
:<center>''Latin:''</center>
:Papa denes, ce da a seli,
:Noma dedi esi santo fa fara.
:Sarso dedi fa veni,
:Vola dedi esi fa fara, tanta a sinla, tanta a seli.
:Ves den, xat de den per nos dada,
:E debiti denes perona, tanta nos perona emedebiti denes.
:E a temta nos ne conduşu,
:Ma nos escer de saló fara. Amén
||
:<center>''Cyrillic:''</center>
:Папа дэнэс кэ да а сэли,
:Нома дэди эси санто фа фара.
:Сарсо деди фа вени,
:Вола деди эси фа фара, танта а синла, танта а сэли.
:Вес ден, хат де ден пер нос дада,
:Э девити денес перона, танта нос перона эмэдебити денес.
:Э а тэмта нос нэ кондушу,
:Ма нос эскещэ дэ салӧ фара. Амӭн.
|}

==[[Kihā́mmic]]==
'''Kihā́mmic Millenium Bible'''

Gloss

'''9 Vámû náčûm hekóš fáz kašā́ etômá: mnốmô Dárat kétômô yû́n Yégkhāne sói, danamá tīdá sōramá séi.'''

9 You (n pl nom) have to (pres n pl) pray (inf) how (conj) according to (conj) this (f sing gen): our (m sing nom) Father (m sing nom) who (m sing nom) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (pres m sing), your (f sing nom) name (f sing nom) holy (f sing nom) be (pres f sing).

'''10 Ī́tnômô Yegašā́n ôfót, ī́tnûm yón lé Gántre yā́ yû́n Yégkhāne tróp verázamô.'''

10 Your (m sing nom) Kingdom (m sing nom) come (fut imp m sing), yours (m sing nom) on (prep) the (m sing prep) Earth (m sing prep) as (adv) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (fut imp m sing) do (past part m sing nom).

'''11 Klûrû́vû pā́dû yû́n étôme klûrét mámô stagaþố.'''

11 Daily (n sing nom) bread (n sing nom) on (prep) this (f sing prep) day (f sing prep) we (n pl all) give (imp m sing).

'''12 Yanošố mánômā solgkhámā yā́ mánômā solgkhonámā mámû yanû́m.'''

12 Pardon (imp m sing) our (m pl acc) debt (m pl acc) as (adv) our (m pl acc) debtor (m pl acc) we (n pl nom) pardon (pres n pl).

'''13 Ôyán nárstûnô mámā ôkradžôtố bán é ayán eutá mámā čulūtố paškomá ī́tnûm sói lố čanák é lố tūkál ə́tə tôvánə džā́zə. Amén.'''

13 To (prep) temptation (m sing all) we (n pl acc) lead (imp m sing) not (neg) and (conj) from (prep) evil (m sing abl) we (n pl acc) save (imp m sing) because (conj) yours (m sing nom) be (pres m sing) the (m sing nom) power (m sing nom) and (conj) the (m sing nom) glory (m sing nom) for (prep) all (m sing term) time (m sing term). Amen (adv).

==[[Hellingijø]]==
:anseraz faþiriz, hwaz in itim oranï biuziz,
:haggiðiz þinaz onamaz sijeza.
:þinaz bazilidomaz kwemiða,
:þinaz bulizi ana þe gerþi
:hwo ana þo oranï þuriða.
:anseraz hemerilikazini itini arþizi tohemeri gebeniza
:andi anseraz hamaritï sigihoriza,
:hwo wiz itini sundarï anagagin anziz sighoram.
:andi to itinø hagadomiziz de-agiza
:haldiz þinaz fram itinø ubiliziz siziza.
:amen.

==[[Aquarian]]==
:Ayter oosen, dar yas dh'indra,
:Wennick yas ya hennell ov;
:Erras a h-affy hoyrick ov;
:Voon erreth surrys;
:Ar channal, say ar indra.
:Acketh y'oos keenow gakeener scran os.
:Ga vargeth y'oos affickes os,
:Sinda chy a vargy heem dar affickash dhe goorth oos.
:Ga harrenneth y'oos nee dhe gunther;
:Madge nashneemeth y'oos oo leen.
:Amen.

==[[Tanrian]]==
:'''Patro Nostra''' - ''(a version)''
:Patro nostra, qui esta in ceal
:Santificat esta nomen teu
:Regno teu venira
:Voro teu sera fazut
:Sur Terra ca esta in ceal
:Donez a noi hodia nostra pan omnidia
:E ieştaz nostras debitos
:Ca ieştam nostras debitores
:E noi duçez non in tentazio,
:Ma noi liberaz del malezza.
:Amen

== [[Sdrawkcab]] ==

:Ruo rehtaf, ohw si ni nevaeh,
:Dewollah eb yht enam,
:Yht modgnik emoc,
:Yht lliw eb enod,
:No Htrae sa ti si ni Nevaeh
:Evig su siht yad ruo yliad daerb,
:Dna evigrof su ruo snis,
:Sa ew evigrof esoht ohw nis tsniaga su.
:Dael su ton otni noitatpmet,
:Tub reviled su morf live,
:Rof eniht si eht modgnik, eht werop dna eht yrolg,
:Rof reve dna reve,
:Nema!

==[[Bisla'ikh]]==

'''''In Bisla'ikh Script'''''
----

:Дӑтэвӑнђоҏю, ќерђКӑлэӑн,
:Овэеђэда кӑлэмӑнта,
:Ќоралусвађэда, ҏэвӑнђадтеђбува,
:Дежэђэда, гушанђэда, ҏантэнкђаҏђбувӑ,
:ГтюђЭҏпэх, лэкэнӑ скђКӑлэӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн левенӑ павђлучӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн сэќ спучӑшђэда,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн мусэнђэда,
:Ос лунӑмачэђэда скђоҏю эн мусэнђэда, ю мусэнђоҏюђбувӑ обаяђеда!
:Спрэнкђэдађбувӑ веж скђмӑлхӑнӑ, эмп cпрэнкђэдађбувӑ ҏобуђковӑтэ ос ҏобуђмӑлхӑнӑ!
:Аҏ Ќоралусвађэда, энугяђэда, сэќђэда,
:Яу сэќоҏу,
:Cпӑяђэду!

'''''In Roman Script'''''
----

:Dativan'orryu, xer'Kalian,
:Ovie'idu kalimanthu,
:Xorulirsvu'idu, rrivan'udthe'birva,
:Dezhi'idu, girshun'idu, rrunthing'urr'birva,
:Gthyu'Irrfikh, likina sg'Kalian,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in levena puv'lirchan,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in six sfirchash'idu,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu,
:Os lirnamuchi'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu, yu mirsin'orryu'birva obuya'idu!
:Sfring'idu'birva vezh sg'malkhana, imf sfring'idu'birva rrobir'kovati os rrobir'malkhana!
:Urr Xorulirsvu'idu, inirgya'idu, six'idu,
:Yair sixorrir,
:Sfaya'idir!

'''''Translation'''''
----

:Our father, in heaven,
:Your name is Sacred,
:Your kingdom, it comes,
:Your wants, your needs, they shall occur,
:On earth, similar to heaven,
:you give to us now the bread of life,
:You give to us all your compassion,
:You give to us now your forgiveness,
:and you teach to us forgiveness, so we will forgive as you!
:You will not lead us to evil, but you will lead us from temptation, and evil!
:they are your Kingdom, Your power, your all,
:For all time,
:I pray!

==[[Qi (Irfikian Language) | Qi]]==

The Prayer to Sola: The 'lord's prayer' equivalent in the Qilan religion of Solarriam

'''''Qi'a Script:'''''

[[File:Prayer_to_Sola.png]]

'''''Transliteration with Grammar points:'''''

:nalo'áf qi'no a'a so'la o'za no'ó-dá'ó
:''pray we to sola on day(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó da'sana'i lí'di qo'va
:''(adv)continuous shine his light''
:ni'vi'da lí'di vo'o'o qi'no va'lo si'í'i si'a qo'va si'a qo'novir
:''fill he lives our with joy and light and warmth''
:razina'lo'on lí'di va'siro'á na'la
:''bring forth he plants all!''
:fazi'i'os lí'di qa'a'vo'o-i'aza-dá'ó
:''sustain he herd(pl)(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó ni'vi'la'á lí'di va'lo si'zaroni'i qi'no
:''(adv)continuous provide he us with necessities our''
:a'a nazilo'o'a si'a ri'ad
:''to eternity and day''
:qa'asno'oq qi'no li'a'a
:''salute we you''
:va'la'a'í!
:''Prosper!''

'''''Proper translation:'''''

:We pray to sola on this day,
:That his light may continuously shine.
:May he fill our lives with joy, light and warmth
:May he bring forth all plants,
:May he sustain the herds
:May he continuously provide us with what we need
:For eternity and a day
:For we salute you
:Prosper!

==[[Volapük]]==
'''Volapük Rigik - Original Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binon paisaludomöz nem ola!
:Kömomöd monargän ola!
:Jenomöz vil olik, äs in sül, i su tal!
:Bodi obsik vädeliki givolös obes adelo!
:E pardolös obes debis obsik,
:äs id obs aipardobs debeles obas.
:E no obis nindukolös in tendadi;
:sod aidalivolös obis de bad.
:Jenosöd!

'''Volapük Nulik - New Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binol in süls! Nem olik pasalüdükonöd!
:Regän ola kömonöd!
:Vil olik jenonöd, äsä in sül, i su tal!
:Givolös obes adelo bodi aldelik obsik!
:E pardolös obes döbotis obsik,
:äsä i obs pardobs utanes, kels edöbons kol obs.
:E no blufodolös obis,
:ab livükolös obis de bad!
:(Ibä dutons lü ol regän, e nämäd e glor jü ün laidüp.)
:So binosös!

==Todamese==

By [[User:Xadrezo|xadrezo]]

:Meqas up thèladzh [mɛqas up θəladʒ]
:wedy qiv [wɛɟ qiv]
:wey ily [wɛj iʎ]
:odh wediv [ɔð wɛdiv]
:ladzhav thècc [ladʒav θəɕ]
:ow melcadzhapyitsh [ɔw mɛʟadʒapjitʃ]
:ow um ywethèmevits [ɔw um ɥɛθəmɛvits]
:èwh om udh ywethèdhevits [əʍ ɔm uð ɥɛθəðɛvits]
:ow kèm ywethèqgadily [ɔw kɛm ɥɛθəðɛɢadiʎ]
:èwh ow kèny fadzhiv [əʍ ɔw kəɲ fadʒiv]
:èq. [əq]

==[[Calcoradish]]==

[[File:Calcoradish sample text (Lord's prayer).jpg|500px]]

*Latin transcription
:Chém e starden

:Vem stár, edur sór agøis sym naeth; a yidur.
:Yidur dræs vem sǿdur e zøch vendur ǿl nabel.
:Yidur dræs vem volnadúr ol zøch vendur adenǽl.
:Yidur dræs vem lygor e zøch vendur nagǿl aver laghne, den andur aver naeth.
:Zøch fegois e odetol vem yidur codurnedem.
:Zøch adegois e cǽge edur yidur modelaer e chter, corem edur yidur adegedoer vem modenódel e agor yidur.
:Zøch dois gorendrǽl e yidur, em decæis yidur gór modhem.
:Volnadúr em voldor em graneth tordýr e zøch triondor.
:Amen.

==[[Labwese]]==
:Getuz-sovex'Vatu pwo njebex,
:getuz-detu'imje sanktifikate;
:riz-detu'Krolete xri sovex;
:faz-detu'Vile pwo zemlje kil pwo njebe.
:Siwodnja daz-detu sovex'xlote;
:e prastjez-detu sovex'deptex,
:kil prastjez-sovex sovex'deptekex;
:njok perlimjez-detu folz pwo temptatje,
:e rifekez-detu takuj ploxje.
:Amen.

==[[Mentolatian]]==
:zan paher, qua-dauv fí-jeuwof dauv og-quarmenom:
:our father, TOP.you, in the heavens you (be-)where

:nin-fêtyom quesam omfi-secchyom, perem fí-jeuwof i-dvan,
:down-gaze and about-look, from in heavens your,

:arjjaguz quesam cuscuw, dauv:
:blessed and lovely, you

:qua-varam pahera i-zan qua-dauv siyymnom quesam le-nes dauv khoelyos:
:TOP.truth father of us indeed you are and ACC.us you make.whole

:qua-náman i-dvan, yisam he arjjagmenem:
:TOP.name your, that-in.particular it (is) blessed

:qua-reget i-dvan, yisam he nin-wanmnem:
:TOP.realm your, that-in.particular it down-come

:qua-wallwan i-dvan, yisam he tintenmnem:
:TOP.will your, that-in.partic it be beautifully done

:nô ôg-jájomd og-qua-jwí-nô:
:as loc.Gea loc.TOP.Heavens as

:qua-sómat i-zan, cabyôm dauv le-he on-nes yiyi og-yi-sunnu:
:TOP.bread.for.the.day of us, give you ACC.it DAT.us that LOC.this.sun/day

:qua-erufezzí i-zan, nô suwatyôm dauv qua-nes, hessam nes suwatyos nô:
:TOP.sins of-us, as wash.clean you TOP.us, them we wash.clean as

:n-dlatem sem le-nes on-piscamat dauv:
:NEG.put NEG ACC.us DAT.trial you

:rats dlatem le-budem de-yi-tartar:
:quicker send ACC.evil to-that-yonder (away)

:n-wanmnem sem og-nes sem nenfâs.
:NEG.come NEG among-us no evil-doing

==[[Roguel]]==
[[File:Pater-noster-roguel.PNG]]
:Andon burcuetnya sigie burcuteget:
:Ronetlinete Attokorutyo,
:ansiradiyabek ec'ungut,
:onabek t'amanextangut,
:hanyiptabek lhardagut,
:ronde hanodeder.
:Unarihat pankorutit pirkoruma.
:Avelkorutna ripna,
:avelkepkorutna ripnakder.
:Pesadey dumirkorimat merey ik'adibikare.
:Guene t'amanextanek, hurotek, yomonek, kolganalnuk.
:Amen.

==[[Urban Basanawa]]==
Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食与うﾟと我等す今日
: 又ん赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えわ゜と我等之負者
: 又ん無率ど我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, geve to us fondag
: en fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergevet ur beshulders
: en ne leed us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho:p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho:p dai 'kiŋdom 'ko:m/
: /'ho:p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik an hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho: p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:vət ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en ne 'li:t us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/

==Koulesch==
: Fater Unser, der is ime himmel
: Geheiligt werde dain name
: dain raich kome
: dain wille gescheh
: auf erden wie ime himmel
: gib uns heyt unser tagliches brout
: und erlou unsere schulde wie wir erloun unsere schuldiger
: und fyyre uns nicht in fersuuchung
: aber befrai uns fomme ybel
: Amen

Pronunciation:
: /'fɑ:tər ʊnsər dɛr ɪs ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /g'he:lɪkt ʋɛrdə daɪn nɑ:mə/
: /daɪn 'raɪx ko:mə/
: /daɪn 'ʋɪl:ə g'ʃe:/
: /auf 'ɛrdən ʋi: ɪmə 'hɪm:əl/
: /gɪp ʊns hɛɪt ʊnsərə 'tɑ:klɪxəs 'bro:t/
: /ʊnt ər'lo: ʊnsərə 'ʃʊldə ʋi: ʋɪr ər'lo: ʊnsərə ʃʊldɪgər/
: /ʊnt fi:rə ʊns nɪxt ɪn fərsu:xʊŋ/
: /abər b'fraɪ ʊns fomə i:bəl/
: /ɑ:mən/

=Alternative Writing System=
==[[Tower Orthography|Tawyr Oorthaagryfii]]==
*Erlii Maadyrn Ingglic (1662 BCP)
:Aur Fadhyr, witc art in Hevyn,
:Halood bii dhai Neem.
:Dhai Kingdym cym.
:Dhai wil bii dyn,
:in erth az it iz in Hevyn.
:Giv ys dhis dee aur deelii bred.
:And foorgiv ys aur trespasiz,
:Az wii foorgiv dhem dhat trespas ygenst ys.
:And liid ys naat intuu tempteetcyn;
:Byt dylivyr ys frym iivil.
:[Foor dhain iz dhy kingdym, dhy pawyr, and dhy gloorii,
:Foor ever and ever.] Amen.

==Mënk==
By [[User:Sam_s89|Sam_s89]]

*An alternative writing system for a Mancunian conlang, still in the early stages of development.
:Ë të-afse,
:Wah bÿ n Elÿsÿum,
:Fntastk bÿ je næm.
:Je tym kum
:Je wanh bÿ tun
:N ve Näf n Elÿsÿum.
:Gf wÿ ttæ ë clep
:N fegyf ë prÿfjus
:N wÿ ulfegyf veh wah prÿfjus wÿ
:N tunt sent wÿ nefe temcun
:But tlyfe wÿ frm ÿfyl
:[Fe Elÿsÿum, ve pë n glary bÿ ja, në n frefe]
:Ëmn

==[['Ingglish|Íngglish]]==
By [[User:Personak|personak]].

*King Dgeimzs Vurczén (King James Version)
:Aur fáadhur,
:Which aart in héeven,
:Háaloud bii dhai neim.
:Dhai kíngdem kuom,
:Dhai wil bii duon on Urth,
:Azs it izs in héeven.
:Giv uos dhis dei aur déiliy breed.
:And fourgív uos aur deets,
:As wii fourgív aur déeterzs.
:And liid uos not íntuu teemptéicsen,
:Buot delíver uos fruom íivel:
:Four dhain izs dhe kíngdem, and dhe páuwer, and dhe glóuriy, fouréver.
:Éimeen.

[[Category:Texts]]

Urban Basanawa

2015-04-05T10:28:51Z

K1234567890y: /* Example sentences */

{{Infobox
|name=Basanawa ''Basanawa/ばさなわ'' Saxenspraak/サクサン語
|pronounce=/basa'nawa/ / /saksənspra:k/
|tu=
|species=Human
|in=
|no=(unknown)
|script=Latin(the Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is called "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Basanawa) Kanji and Kana(the Basanawa variant of Kanji and Kana is called "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字) in Basanawa) The Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is considered as an archaic writing system among Basanawa speakers.
|tree=[[Proto-Indo-European|Indo-European]] 
 Germanic 
  West-Germanic 
   Ingvaeonic 
    Low German? 
     '''Urban Basanawa'''
|morph=Isolating/Agglutinative~Fusional
|ms=Accusative
|wo=SVO
|creator=[[User:k1234567890y]]
|date=2014
|cals=basanawa
}}

'''Urban Basanawa'''(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ), natively known as '''Saxënspraak'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン語), '''Basakota'''(derived from Rural Basanawa), '''Burgbasa''' or '''Burgspraak''', is a West-Germanic (constructed) language belonging to the Indo-European language family, it is an [[:wikipedia:en:Ingvaeonic languages|Ingvaeonic language]](or a North Sea Germanic language) and is very close to English(in terms of basic words), it is spoken on another planet called "Dë Niuland"(also called "Dë Niuwerld", Basanawa-dji: だ新世界), as the speakers were accidentally transferred by a wormhole to "Dë Niuland".

Urban Basanawa is one of the two language of the Detch people(or Deetch people), the other is [[Rural Basanawa]], more than 70% of the Detch people speak Urban Basanawa as their native tongue.

Like English, Yiddish and Wymysorys, Urban Basanawa is a west-germanic language with a large amount of loanwords.

Urban Basanawa developed from Old Saxon, but the inflection system has been greatly reduced; There are many loanwords from Slavic languages(Mainly a language closely related to Polish, perhaps a dialect of Polish), Malay and Japanese, also, due to the influence of Japanese, and being isolated from other germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't use Latin or Ancient Greek as its source of academic terms.

Despite not being an Anglo-Frisian language, many words of Urban Basanawa are pronunced the same or similar to their English cognates, like feet("feet", pronunciation /fi:t/), fish("fish", pronunciation /fiʃ/), bring("to bring", pronunciation /briŋ/), green("green", pronunciation /gri:n/); but some words are pronunced differently from their English cognates, like ook("eye", pronunciation /u:x/), eggë("edge", pronunciation /ek/), etë("to eat", pronunciation /e:t/); also, there are words which are false friends to their English cognates, for example, deer("animal", pronunciation /di:r/, cognate to English "deer"), selfish("private", pronunciation /selfiʃ/, cognate to English "selfish" but with very different meanings to its English cognates), sood("to prove", pronunciation /su:t/, cognate to English "soothe").

It is thought that [[Toka na Musume]], a language of anime-girl-like girls, is derived from Urban Basanawa, or a creolized form of Urban Basanawa.

The name "[[Basanawa]]" is shared by two languages spoken by the Detch people, one is an Ingvaeonic West Germanic language, called "Urban Basanawa"; the other is an Malayic Malay-Polynesian language, called "[[Rural Basanawa]]", what is introduced in this article, is the "Urban Basanawa" language. Despite sharing the name and used by the same ethnic group, "Urban Basanawa" and "Rural Basanawa" belong to two unrelated language families.

==Origin of words==
Urban Basanawa is a language with a large quantity of loanwords, the source of words is various, and many(if not most) of them are of non-european origin. It is said that most classical languagew of Eurasia of our word, including Classical Chinese(mainly via Japanese), Sanskrit(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Arabic(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Latin and Ancient Greek have all contributed some words to Urban Basanawa.

Despite having numerous loanwords, Urban Basanawa is certainly a west Germanic language close to English, Low German and Frisian, and most of its grammatical structures and functional words are of Germanic origin.

===Germanic===
Urban Basanawa is a germanic language, it evolves from Old Saxon, most germanic words in Urban Basanawa are inherited from Old Saxon(through sound changes), thus, Urban Basanawa could be seen as a dialect of Low German, but the merger between front rounded vowel into their unrounded counterparts, the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/(Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/ have become /ai/ and /au/ respectively in Urban Basanawa), the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/(the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/, and the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/ have made some Urban Basanawa words sound like their English or Standard German cognates), the preservation of the distinction between Old Saxon short /o/ and /u/, lexical differences(Besides loanwords, semantic shift of native words can also create obstacles in communication) and grammatical changes(Urban Basanawa has lost all nominal cases, and has also lost the germanic V2 order, becoming a SVO language, also, adjectival inflections in Urban Basanawa have also become unproductive and fossilized) can hinder the mutual intelligibility between Urban Basanawa and Low German dialects.

Unlike Low German dialects, the distinction between short /o/ and /u/ of Old Saxon is still maintained in Urban Basanawa.

Besides words that are inherited from Old Saxon, some germanic-origin words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed, some of them are early borrowings borrowed from other germanic dialects in Old Saxon Period, some others are borrowed later indirect through Slavic languages or Japanese, which created some doublets:

* land("land", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - lond("owned land, owned field, property", a slavic borrowing)
* ring("ring", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - rinek("market", a slavic borrowing)
* shirt("apron", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - shatzu("shirt", a japanese borrowing)

Although Urban Basanawa has borrowed kinship terms from Japanese, kinship terms of germanic origin are actually still used in daily communications, also, the pronominal system of Urban Basanawa is still germanic, not influenced by other languages.

===Austronesian===
Urban Basanawa has some from Malay-Indonesian and other Austronesian languages, many Sanskrit(including the word "Basa") and Arabic terms are also borrowed indirectly through Austronesian languages, it is thought that Austronesian languages(mainly Malay-Indonesian) were probably substratums among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

===Slavic===
Urban Basanawa has words from slavic languages, especially Polish and/or Polish-like languages(words borrowed from other slavic languages also exist), before Urban Basanawa speakers started to adopt Japanese, a Polish-like slavic language was served as the superstratum among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

Besides some lexical words, many proper nouns in Urban Basanawa are influenced by slavic languages, for example, some village names are ended with -vitze, which is considered to be from Polish -wice, also, many given names are of Slavic origin, and there are even non-slavic-origin family names ended with -ski(for example, Umeski).

The existence of slavic words may indicte that the direct ancestor of Urban Basanawa(before the speakers being accidentally transferred) was spoken in Poland(of our world) in Middle Ages.

Slavic words for animals are also used as euphemisms by hunters, fishers and butchers speaking Urban Basanawa, as they consider germanic names of animals will bring bad luck when these words are referred in hunting/fishing.

===Greek and Latin-Romance===
Ancient Greek and Latin are much less important among Urban Basanawa speakers than they are in most parts of Europe, compared to other Germanic languages(and most other languages originate from Europe of our world), Urban Basanawa has less influence from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages, most words from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages in Urban Basanawa were borrowed in the Old Saxon period or earlier, or indirectly through other languages.

===Japanese and Chinese===
It is known that Japanese culture has a profound impact on Urban Basanawa-speakers, so Japanese language(Modern Japanese) also has significant influence on Urban Basanawa, Japanese lexicon, especially Sino-japanese ones, is used as a source for academic terms in Urban Basanawa, many modern concepts in Urban Basanawa are from Japanese, Urban Basanawa speakers has even adopted Japanese kana and kanji to write Urban Basanawa.

Japanese people never ruled or colonized the Urban Basanawa speakers, but Japanese was seen as a superior language by Urban Basanawa speakers; also, as some Japanese words are very common in Urban Basanawa, it is supposed that Japanese may also served as an substratum in an earlier stage.

Most of the Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, but there are Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa that are not borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, some of them are borrowed through Malay-Indonesian but others are probably not. Below are some supposed Sinitic words that are not from Sino-Japanese words:
* lobak - radish(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lonkang - drain(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lomuwa~loma - gangster
* bulahi~blahi - whitebait

===Ainu Itak===
There are also some words originating from Ainu, below are some examples:

* tunackai /tu'nakai/ "reindeer" - from Ainu ''tunakkay''
* mossir /'mosir/ "land, region, island" - from Ainu ''mosir''
* tchisse /'tʃise/ "shelter, house" - from Ainu ''cise''
* kamui /'kamui/ "anglic god-like spirit" - from Ainu ''kamuy''
* kamuimossir "paradise, heaven, land of god" - from Ainu ''kamuymosir''

===Calquing in Urban Basanawa===
Besides direct borrowings, calquing is also common to form new words in Urban Basanawa:

* '''handsack/手袋''' /'hantsak/ "glove" - from '''hand/手''' /'hant/ "hand" + '''sack/袋''' /'sak/ "bag,sack", calquing Japanese '''てぶくろ/手袋''' "glove"
* '''weidkind/茸''' /'we:tkint/ "mushroom" - from '''weid/木''' /'we:t/ "wood" + '''kind/子''' /'kint/ "child", calquing Japanese '''キノコ/茸''' "mushroom"
* '''gardfogel/鶏''' /'gartfogəl/ "chicken"<ref>however, it is possible that '''gardfogel''' is not a calque of Japanese '''にわとり''', as the term '''gardfogel''' has been common when Urban Basanawa speakers started to systemically borrow Japanese words</ref> - from '''gard/庭/園''' /'gart/ "garden" + '''fogel/鳥''' /'fogəl/ "bird", calquing Japanese '''にわとり/鶏''' "chicken"
* '''potding/鍋物''' /'potdiŋ/ "hot pot, nabemono", calquing Japanese '''なべもの/鍋物''' "hot pot, nabemono"

==Phonology==
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Consonants
|-
! !! Labials !! Alveolars !! Postalveolars/ Palatals !! Velars/ Glottals
|-
! Nasals
| m || n || || ŋ
|-
! Plosives
| p b || t d || || k g
|-
! Affricates
| || ts dz || tʃ dʒ ||
|-
! Fricatives
| f v || s || ʃ || x~h
|-
! Sonorants
| || r l || j || w
|}
* /v/ is actually the labiodental approximant [ʋ] rather than the labiodental fricative [v] in the actual speech of many speakers.
* /dz/ is sometimes realized as [z]
* /ŋ/ is only contrastive with /n/ at the end of a word, in other places, /ŋ/ is an allophone of /n/ before velars.
* /h/ is pronunced as [x] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a non-front consonant; /h/ is pronunced as [ç] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a front consonant
* the contrast between /p/ and /b/, /t/ and /d/, and /k/ and /g/ is in fact a contrast between fortis and lenis plosives, rather than a contrast between voiceless and voiced plosives, or a contrast between aspirated and non-aspirated plosives.
* /b/, /d/, /g/, /dz/, /dʒ/, /v/ are neutralized respectively with /p/, /t/, /k/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /f/ word-finally.

===Vowels===
Like English and Yiddish, but unlike other Germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't have front rounded vowels, the vowel system of Urban Basanawa is more similar to that of Spanish or Japanese:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+vowels
|-
! !! front || central !! back
|-
! high
| i i: || || u u:
|-
! mid
| e e: || ə || o o:
|-
! low
| || a a:
|}

* In some dialects, the actual pronunciations of the short vowels /i e a o u/ are [ɪ ɛ ɐ ɔ ʊ]

===Sound Changes from Old Saxon to Urban Basanawa===
Although Urban Basanawa has numerous borrowings, and most of them are from non-european languages, most common words and most words used in everyday speech are inherent from Old Saxon, which clearly shows that Urban Basanawa is a West-Germanic language, and as Urban Basanawa has evolved for a long time from Old Saxon, there are certainly some sound changes.

Rules listed below might not be correct, and may not be the complete list. Some of the sound changes coincide with those happened in other Low German dialects, others are peculiar to Urban Basanawa.

Most sound changes of Stage I occured when people who spoke the ancestor languages of Urban Basanawa(persumbly Old Saxon and Middle Low German dialects) were still live in our world, and most sound changes of Stage II occured after they arrived "De Niuland".

Stage I

* i:a > e:
* io > e:
* iu > y:(?) or ie(?) > i:

* ao,aw,auw > ɔ:
* a:o > a:w
* a:i > a:i
* iuw > iu
* euw > eu
* ei,e:i > i:
* e:o,e:w > e:
* V[-stressed](especially when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)(however, this rule is controversial)
* wu > wo
* a > o / _ld (before final consonant devoicing)

* Open syllable lengthening:
** a > ɑ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** o,u,au > ɔ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** e,i > ɛ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** ø,y > œ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables

* V[-stressed] > ə
* V:[-stressed] > V

* θ,(ð) > d (before final consonant devoicing)

* C > C[-voice] / _#(final consonant devoicing)

* Unronding of front rounded vowels(this sound change probably occured much later, but it certainly occurred before the earliest writing record):
** y: > i:
** ø: > e:
** y > i
** ø > e
** œ: > ɛ:
** e: > ei / !_[t,d,θ,ð,r,x~h](uncertain)
** o: > ou / !_[t,d,θ,ð,r,x~h](uncertain)

Stage II

* V: > V / _C(ə)R(R is an resonant /m n l r/, especially before /dər/)(this happens before the diphthongization of vowels and the raising of long vowels; moreover, in certain words, the process was undone due to morphological levelling)

* C: > C

* diphthongization of vowels:
** i:,a:i > ai
** u:,a:w > au
** o:i > oi
** eu,iu > iu

* raising of long vowels:
** ɑ:,a: > a:
** e: (>ei) > i:
** o: (>ou) > u:
** ɛ(:) > e(:)
** ɔ(:) > o(:)

* z > s / #_

* h > Ø / V_V(this sound change probably occured much earlier)

* ə > Ø / _#

there are some irregularities among words, the emergence of these irregularities were probably due to dialect mixing and dialect levelling at some earlier stages of Urban Basanawa:


* Old Saxon ''sumar'' > Urban Basanawa ''summer/夏'' /sumər/ "summer" (the expected form would be *''sommer'' /somər/, it is possible that it changed to summer by analogy of the semantically related word ''sun'' "sun", possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''thiudisk'' > Urban Basanawa ''detch'' /detʃ/ and ''deetch'' /di:tʃ/ (the expected form would be *''daitch'' /daitʃ/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or it was remodelled after the related Old Saxon word thīod or its descendants before the formation of Urban Basanawa)
* Old Saxon ''duru'' > Urban Basanawa ''door/扉'' /du:r/ "door" (the expected form ''dore/扉'' /do:r/ also exists, which created a pair of doublets /do:r/ and /du:r/, it is possible that the emergence of doublet in this word and some other words was due to dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''wika'' > Urban Basanawa ''week/週'' /wi:k/ "week" (the expected form would be *''weik'' /we:k/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing. or modelled after the Old Saxon word wēk "weak")
* Old Saxon *''butera''(speculated form, deduced from Proto (west) Germanic *''buterô'') > Urban Basanawa ''butter/ブッタル'' /butər/ "butter" (the expected form would be *''botter'', possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or actually evolved through the sound change "V[-stressed](especiall when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_C(R is an resonant /m n l r/)" regularly)
* Old Saxon ''hert'' > Urban Basanawa ''hart/心'' /hart/ "heart" (the expected form would be *''hert'' /hert/)

possible irregular words:

* Old Saxon ''frī'' > Urban Basanawa ''free/自由い'' /fri:/ "free" (the expected word would be *''frai'' */frai/ or *''frei'' */fre:/, but it is possible that it was actually a regular sound change modelled after certain forms of adjectives, or modelled after ''dree'', ''free''(the verb evolved regularly from Old Saxon ''frīohon'') or was an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
*words that are subject of the rule "i,u[-stressed] > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)":
** Old Saxon ''bilith'' > Urban Basanawa ''bild/図/像'' /bilt/ "picture, image" (the expected word would be *''beld'' */belt/, it is possible that the form *''bilthi'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''miluk'' > Urban Basanawa ''milk/乳/ミルク'' /milk/ "milk" (the expected word would be *''melk'' */melk/, it is possible that the form *''milk'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''kirikǭ'' > Urban Basanawa ''kirk/教会'' /kirk/ "church" (the expected word would be *''kerk'' /kerk/, it is possible that the form *kirkǭ also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''siluvar'' > Urban Basanawa ''silver/銀'' /silvər/ "silver" (the expected word would be *''selver'' /selvər/, it is possible that the form *''silvar'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)

==Writing systems==
There are several ways to write Urban Basanawa. two of them are introduced below:

===Roman Script/Oldwriting===
The Roman Script for Urban Basanawa, also called the "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Urban Basanawa, is a way to write Urban Basanawa. Roman Script never became widespread among the Detch people, and it has become obsolete, but for the sake of the readers, most Urban Basanawa contents in this article will be written using Roman Scripts.

*A - /a/
*AA - /a:/
*A$Ë - /a:/
*AI - /ai/
*AU - /au/
*B - /b/
*BB - /b/
*CH - /x/
*CK - /k/
*D - /d/
*DD - /d/
*DJ - /dʒ/
*DZ - /dz~z/
*E - /e/
*Ë - /ə/, if it ends a word and is not followed by any consonant, it is silent
*EE - /i:/
*EI - /e:/
*E$Ë - /e:/
*F - /f/
*G - /g/
*GG - /g/
*H - /h/
*I - /i/
*IE - /i:/
*I$Ë - /ai/
*K - /k/
*L - /l/
*M - /m/
*N - /n/
*O - /o/
*OO - /u:/
*OU - /o:/
*OW - /o:/
*O$Ë - /o:/
*P - /p/
*PP - /p/
*R - /r/
*S - /s/
*SS - /s/
*SH - /ʃ/
*T - /t/
*TT - /t/
*TZ - /ts/
*TCH - /tʃ/
*U - /u/
*U$Ë - /au/
*UË - /u:/
*UU - /u:/
*V - /v/
*W - /w/
*WR - /vr/
*Y - /j/(as a consonant),/ai/(as a vowel)

Note:
# $ represents any single consonant
# A, E, O are lengthened to /a:/,/e:/,/o:/ in open syllables
# Ë is not used in actual manuscripts of Urban Basanawa.

===Kanji and Kana===
Urban Basanawa is highly influenced by the Japanese language, and the Detch people have even adopted Japanese Kanji and Kana to write Urban Basanawa, Kanji and Kana for Urban Basanawa has become the most widespread way to write Urban Basanawa among the Detch people.

The Kanji and Kana system used to write Urban Basanawa is called the "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字), the Kanji part is called 漢字(Oldwriting: Kandji) in Urban Basanawa, the Kana part is called 仮名(Oldwriting: Kana) in Urban Basanawa.

====Reading of Kandjis in Urban Basanawa====
Like Japanese Kanji, there are several ways to read Basanawa kandji of Basanawa-dji: 音読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: On-lesing), 訓読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Kun-lesing), 混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Mixed-lesing) and 熟字訓(Oldwriting: Djukudjikun), they are similar to the Japanese On'yomi, Kun'yomi, Mixed readings and Special readings.

=====音読えせぃんﾟ(On-lesing)=====
The '''On-lesing''', the Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a Sino-Japanese word, all On-lesings are borrowed from Japanese On'yomi.

The On-lesing of many words in Urban basanawa are pronunced almost the same as the On'yomi of their Japanese counterparts.

More formal or academic terms are more likely to use On-lesing; while more informal or daily terms are more likely to use Kun-lesing, but there are exceptions.

Example of On-lesings(kandji - On-lesing pronunciation - meaning):

* 音楽 - /ongaku/ - "music"
* 科学 - /kagaku/ - "science"
* 生物学 - /se:butsugaku/ - "biology"
* 地質学 - /tʃiʃitsugaku/ - "geology"
* 予算 - /josan/ - "budget"
* 細胞 - /saibo:/ - "cell(biology)"
* 証明書 - /ʃo:me:ʃo:/ - "certificate"
* 学校 - /gakko:/ - "school"
* 廃墟 - /haikijo/ - "ruin"
* 報酬 - /ho:ʃu:/ - "reward"
* 責任 - /sekinin/ - "responsibility"
* 気体 - /kitai/ - "gas"
* 工場 - /ko:dʒo:/ - "factory"
* 魔法 - /maho:/ - "magic"
* 少女 - /ʃo:dʒo/ - "girl"
* 経済 - /ke:dzai/ - "economy"
* 博士 - /hakuʃi/ - "doctor(one with a doctorate degree)"
* 割引 - /waribiki/ - "discount"
* 国家 - /kokka/ - "country"

however, not every pronunciation from Japanese is seen as a On-lesing, a pronunciation that is from the Yamatokotoba of Japanese is seen as a Kunn-lesing in Urban Basanawa.

=====訓読えせぃんﾟ(Kun-lesing)=====
The '''Kun-lesing''', the non-Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a non-Sino-Japanese word, or '''Landsword'''(Basanawa-dji: 国詞), that closely approximated the meaning of the Chinese character when it was introduced. As with On-lesing, there can be multiple Kun-lesing for the same kandji, and some kandji have no Kun-lesing at all.

Most of the Kun-lesings are of Germanic origin and are inherited from Old Saxon rather than borrowed, and many of them are basic words used in everyday speeech, which reflects the fact that Urban Basanawa is actually a west-Germanic language despite not using writing systems common to other Germanic languages, those Germanic-origin words inherited from Old Saxon are sometimes called '''Saxënword'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン詞). All Saxënwords are Landswords, but not all Landswords are Saxënwords, as Landswords contain words of Austronesian origin, words of Slavic origin, and words of other origins.

Example of Kun-lesings(kandji - Kun-lesing pronunciation - meaning):
* 西 - /'west/ - "west"
* 北 - /'nort/ - "north"
* 屋 - /'haus/ - "house"
* 橋 - /'brik/ - "bridge"
* 馬 - /'ros/ - "horse"
* 山 - /'berx/ - "mountain"
* 朝 - /'morgən/ - "morning"
* 夜 - /'naxt/ - "night"
* 日 - /'sun/ - "sun"
* 日 - /'dax/ - "day"
* 病 - /'ba:n/ - "disease"
* 鬼 - /'gi:st/ - "ghost"
* 魚 - /'fiʃ/ - "fish(general term)"
* 魚 - /'riba/ - "fish(euphemism used by fishers and anglers)"
* 畑 - /'felt/ - "field"
* 田 - /'sa:wa/ - "paddy field"
* 鶏 - /'manuk/ - "chicken"
* 綿 - /'kapuk/ - "cotton"
* 帝 - /'radʒa/ - "emperor, raja"
* 薬 - /'lek/ - "medicine(substance for curing), drug"
* 壺 - /'dzbanek/ - "jug"
* 蛸 - /'tako/ - "octopus"
* 猫 - /'neko/ - "cat"
* ときめき - /tokimeki/ - "crush(feeling of love)"
* 萌え - /'moe/ - "crush(feeling of love, especially to a cutie), cute(especially for a lovely girl)"
* 食えいと - /'e:t/ - "to eat"
* 見えい - /'se:/ - "to see"
* 見いんど - /'fint/ - "to find"
* 作く - /'ma:k/ - "to make"
* 送ど - /'sent/ - "to send"
* 費ど - /'spent/ - "to spend"
* 老ど - /'olt/ - "old"
* 他る - /'odər/ - "other"
* 大と - /'gru:t/ - "great, large, big"
* 生う - /'ro:/ - "raw"
* 大い - /'vilki/ - "large"
* 海星 - /'si:ster/ - "starfish"

=====混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Mixëd-lesing)=====
There are kandji compounds that use a mixture of On-lesing and Kun-lesing, they are known as '''Mixëd-lesing'''.

=====義訓(Gikun)/熟字訓(Djukudjikun)=====
'''Gikun''' and '''Djukudjikun''' are readings of kandji combinations that have no direct correspondence to the characters' individual On-lesing or Kun-lesing, but rather are connected with their meaning.

Example of Gikun/Djukudjikun(kandji - Gikun/Djukudjikun pronunciation - meaning):
* 兵器 - /'wa:pən/ - "weapon"
* 飛行 - /'fle:x/ - "flight"
* 結婚式 - /'svadba/ - "wedding ceremony"
* 精神 - /'gi:st/ - "spirit"
* 聖書 - /al'kitap/ - "The Bible"
* 玻璃 - /'glas/ - "glass"
* 教会 - /'kirk/ - "church"
* 子牛 - /'kalf/ - "calf(of a cow)"
* 地獄 - /'hel/ - "hell"
Due to the fact that Germanic languages have phonological and semantic structures different from that of Chinese languages or Japanese, and that there are considerable amounts loanwords of Slavic and Austronesian origin in Urban Basanawa, it is believed that the proportion of Gikun and Djukudjikun in Urban Basanawa is higher than that in Japanese.

==Grammar==
Being a germanic language, it shares many common structures with English, but there are also differences.

===Word Order===
The word order of Urban Basanawa is very similar to English:
*Basic word order: Subject-Verb-Object(SVO)
*Adpositions are prepositions
*Demonstratives and Numerals precede the noun they modify, relative clauses follow the noun they modify, adjectives can precede or follow the noun they modify(prenominal adjectives are more common)
Urban Basanawa does not have V2 order at all, and word order inversion is not used for interrogatives, and Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial yes-no question particle.

===Interrogatives===
In Urban Basanawa, word order inversion is not used for interrogatives:
* Du saast wat? - what did you see?
* Hau du feelst? - how do you feel?

Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial particle for yes-no questions "is-it dat":
* is-it dat it is de haus fon dy tomodatchi? - is it the house of your friend?

"is-it dat" is frequently contracted to "ista".

It is also possible to ask yes-no questions simply by using a raising intonation on a sentence(In Urban Basanawa, like English, declarative sentences usually have a falling intonation):

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

which is equivalent to the following sentence:

* is-it dat Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

Tag question is formed by adding the negation word "ne" to the end of the sentence:

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep, ne? - Noire has fallen in love with Nep-nep, hasn't she?

===Relative clauses===
Relative clauses start with the invariant relativizers dë and dat:
* dë haus, dë is by dë strand, was bocht faif yaars beforë - the house, which is by the beach, was bought five years ago.
* dë musume, dë [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Nepgear|Nepgear]] luëvët, is dë imowto fon Noire - the girl, whom Nepgear loves, is the younger sister of Noire.

dat can also be used to form nominal clauses:
* it is good, dat all kindër kan gaa to gackows. - it is good that all children can go to schools.
* [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] ne kent dat [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Noire|Noire]], dë Megami fon [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Lastation|Lastation]], hat fallën in koi mid iem. - Nep-nep doesn't know that Noire, the Goddess of Lastation, has fallen in love with her.

Unlike most European languages, interrogative words(the so-called relative pronouns) are not used for relative clauses except for relative clauses without antecedents.

===Negation===
negation is formed by using the negation word ''ne'', the word ne precedes the word it negates:

* Leanbox ne hat Megami Kouhosei - Leanbox doesn't have CPU candidates.
* In dë miestze, dë hat fishbeens swimmënd, Uni sheedë mid Nepgear, for Uni dacht, dat Nepgear ne heelëd Noire, dë oneisan fon Uni. - in the place where there are swimming fishbones, Uni broke up with Nepgear, for Uni thought that Nepgear didn't save Noire, Uni's big sister.

ne usually follows an aux verb:

* Nepgear konst ne fërstand, wai Uni weld ne feech ien. - Nepgear couldn't understand why Uni didn't want to join her.

It is supposed that the Urban Basanawa ''ne'' is not directly from Proto-Germanic ''ne'', but rather a contraction of earlier negations.

===Possession===
Possession can be formed by using prepositions, the most common preposition for possession is "fon", if a preposition is used for possession, the possessor follows the possessed:

* dë haus fon dë megami - the goddess's house
* dë wagën fon dy fadër - the car of your father

also, a structure similar to the "His-genitive" in English is also used, where the 3rd singular possessive pronoun "is" is used, if the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is used for possession, the possessor precedes the possessed, the possessive pronoun frequently pronunced as "s" and written as "së" in Oldwriting:

* dë megami së haus/だ女神彼す屋 - /də 'megami s 'haus/ - the goddess's house
* dy faddër së wagën/だ父彼す車 - /dai fadər s 'wagən/ - the car of your father

The "is" in this usage does not influenced by the number of possessor or possessed:

* dë werker së gëreed - /də werkər sə gəri:t/ - the tool of the worker
* dë werker së gëreeds - /də werkər sə gəri:ts/ - the tools of the worker
* dë werkers së gëreed - /də werkərs sə gəri:t/ - the tool of the workers
* dë werkers së gëreeds - /də werkərs sə gəri:ts/ - the tools of the workers

the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is standard in Urban Basanawa.

there was an genitive case suffix -s, but the genitive -s suffix has fallen out of use and has become a derivative affix used for some compounds.

===Noun===
Nouns has lost the distinction between genders and cases, but it still has the distinction between singular and plural forms.

there are different types of nouns: s-nouns, n-nouns, r-nouns, umlaut-nouns.

the plural form of a s-noun is formed by adding the -s/-ës suffix to the end of the noun, it seems that most nouns belong to this class:

*man("man") - mans(the plural form of man can also be men or mennër)
*fingër("finger") - fingërs
*boom("tree") - booms
*fish("fish") - fishës
*ring("ring") - rings
*dag("day") - dagës
*maud("mouth") - maudës

the plural form of a n-noun is formed by adding the -n/-ën suffix to the end of the noun:

*oog("eye") - oogën
*erd("earth") - erdën

the plural form of a r-noun is formed by adding the -r/-ër suffix to the end of the noun, and the stem vowel may undergo umlaut:

*lamb("lamb") - lembër
*kalf("calf") - kelvër
*kind("child") - kindër

the plural form of a umlaut-noun is formed by changing the stem vowel:

*foot("foot") - feet
*book("book") - beek
*kau("cow") - kai
*maus("mouse") - mais
*gast("guest") - gest
*burg("city") - birg

Plural forms are not obliged in Urban Basanawa, and in colloquial speech it is common to use singular forms in place of plural forms.

===Verb===
Verbs conjugate according to tense-aspect-moods.

Verbs have infinitive, present, past, present participle, past participle forms, in earlier forms of Urban Basanawa, the infinitive form of a verb ends with -ën, but the -ën ending has been dropped, and they are identical to the present form in almost every case(some verbs still maintain different infinitive forms), the infinitive form ending in -ën is largely considered as an archaic form.

as most germanic languages, Urban Basanawa verbs can be devided into two classes: strong verb and weak verb.

the past tense of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d/-t to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel if it is a strong verb

the present participle of a verb, no matter it is a strong or weak verb, is formed by adding -ënd to the end of the infinitive form.

the past participle of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d/-t to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel and then adding -ën to the end if it is a strong verb, in more archaic or some dialectical usages, the prefix gë- is used for past participle forms also.

some examples are shown below:

Strong verb:
* Nep-nep etët gohan - [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] eats a meal
* Nep-nep is etënd gohan/Nep-nep is an (dë) etë gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep doot etënd gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep atët gohan - Nep-nep ate a meal
* Nep-nep hat etën gohan - Nep-nep has eaten a meal

Weak verb:
* hi makët rings - he/she makes ring.
* hi is makënd rings/hi is an (dë) makë rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi doot makënd rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi makëd rings - he/she made rings.
* hi hat makëd rings - he/she has made rings.

Like English, infinitives of Urban Basanawa can be preceded by the particle "to", but the to-infinitive is not frequently used in some dialects of Urban Basanawa.

In Urban Basanawa, the verbal noun of a verb is formed by using the -ing suffix, also, in many strong verbs, the verbal noun can be formed by simply applying the ablaut of the stem:

* (to) makë("to make") - mak'''ing'''("act of making")
* (to) s'''i'''ng ("to sing") - s'''a'''ng/sing'''ing'''("act of singing")
* (to) f'''i'''nd ("to find") - f'''a'''nd/find'''ing'''("act of finding")

however, ablaut forms are largely fossilized in Urban Basanawa, and the -ing forms are more common even for strong verbs.

the usage of verbal nouns in Urban Basanawa is similar to that of English:

* warding folks is en megami is shigoto. - protecting people is the job of a goddess.
* drinking alë smertët eener is rau - drinking beers harms one's body.

-ing forms cannot be used for present particles, and present particles cannot be used for gerunds, so the sentences below are incorrect:
* *hi is making rings(the correct form is "hi is makënd rings" or "hi is an (dë) makë rings")
* *drinkënd alë smertët eener is rau(the correct form is "drinking alë smert eener is rau")

====Agreements====
present:
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -st/-est
*3rd person singular: -t/-et(same as 1st person singular in modal verbs )
*plural: -t/-et(-en in modal verbs)

preterite(past tense, agreement suffixes added after the past tense suffix -ëd in weak verbs):
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -st/-est
*3rd person singular: -
*plural: -n/-en

the verb "wese"("to be") and "have"("to have") have irregular forms:

"wese"("to be"):
present:
*1st person singular: bin
*2nd person singular: bist
*3rd person singular: is
*plural: sind

preterite:
*1st person singular: was
*2nd person singular: weer
*3rd person singular: was
*plural: warn

"have"("to have"):
present:
*1st person singular: have
*2nd person singular: hast
*3rd person singular: hat~haft
*plural: have

preterite:
*1st person singular: had
*2nd person singular: haddest
*3rd person singular: had
*plural: hadden

====Copula====
* infinitive: wesë
* present: is
* past: was
* past particle: wesën
In Colloquial usage, copulae can be omitted, especially the present copula "is":
* dat man en ribanik - that man is a fisher.
* dat ovët sweet - the fruit is sweet.

====Strong verbs====
Like other germanic languages, there are strong verbs in Urban Basanawa, and they follow certain patterns to produce different forms, although there are anomalies in strong verbs, making the patterns less regular.

Besides these patterns of stem vowel changes, the past participle forms of strong verbs require an -ën/-あ*ん(あ* is an A-dan kana where the consonant corresponds the ending consonant of the infinitive/present form of the verb it attaches to) ending.

The stem vowel of different classes of strong verbs are listed below(arranged in the form of "Present Tense - Past Tense - Past Participle"):

In Oldwriting：
* Class I: i$ë - ie$ - i$($)*
* Class II: au/ee - oo - o
* Class III:
** i - a - u
** e - a - o
* Class IV: e - a - o
* Class V: e/i - a - e
* Class VI: a - oo - a
* Class VII*:
** a/o - e/(ee/ie) - a/o
** aa/oo - ee - a/o

In Basanawa-dji:
* Class I: あい - いい - い
* Class II: あう/いい - うう - お
* Class III:
** い - あ - う
** え - あ - お
* Class IV: えい - ああ - お
* Class V:
** えい - ああ - え
** い - あ - え
* Class VI: あ/ああ - うう - あ
* Class VII*:
** あ/お - え/(いい) - あ/お
** ああ/おう - いい - あ/お

Note:
# In General, in Class VII strong verbs, if the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short; if the stem vowel of the present tense form is long, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also long; however, in the past tense forms of some Class VII strong verbs, while the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short, although in these verbs, there are usually more regular alternatives.
# The $ in the Class I strong verb pattern is a single consonant letter in Oldwriting.

===Adjective===
Like English, adjectives in the standard form don't agree with nouns they modify in Urban Basanawa, however, in archaic usages, attributive adjectives are ended with -ë:

* en goodë dag - 一ん良だ日 - a good day
* goodë dagës - 良だ日す - good days
* dë goodë dag - だ良だ日 - the good day
* dë goodë dagës - だ良だ日す - the good days

predicative adjectives, however, don't take the -ë ending:

* fondag is good - 今日いす良で - today is good

Adjectives of Germanic origin have comparative and superlative forms:
*comparative: -ër
*superlative: -ëst

for example:

* fondag is heet - 今日いす暑と - today is hot
* fondag is heetër dan gestërn - 今日いす暑たるだん昨日 - today is hotter than yesterday
* fondag is dë heetëst dag in dis yaar - 今日いすだ暑たすと日中ん此年 - today is the hottest day in this year

These forms are sometimes used on adjectives of non-Germanic origins, but its use is largely restricted to Germanic adjectives.

Due to the large amount of Japanese words in Urban Basanawa, there are also na-adjectives in Urban Basanawa. In Urban Basanawa, all na-adjectives are ended with -na(-な) or -no(-の), the -na(-な) and -no(-の) are dropped when these adjectives are used predicatively:

* en okubiyow-na kuroneko - 一ん臆病な黒猫 - a timid black-cat.
* dë kuroneko is okubiyow - だ黒猫いす臆病 - the black-cat is timid.

the -no(-の) ending can also be used for possessive adjectives.

==Words==
===Pronouns===

====personal pronouns====
Pronouns have cases, but the usage of subject pronouns is declining, and many dialects don't use subject pronouns at all.

1st person singular:
*subject: ik(吾)
*object: mi(我)
*genitive: my/minë(我い/我ん)

2nd person singular:
*subject: du(汝)
*object: di(爾)
*genitive: dy/dinë(爾い/爾ん)

3rd person singular:
*subject it(彼と)(inanimate)/hi(彼)(animate)
*object: it(彼と)(inanimate)/ien(彼ん)(animate)
*genitive: is(彼す)

1st person plural:
*subject: wi(我等)
*object: us(我等す)
*genitive: aus/ur~aur(我等す/我等る)
*subject/object(in some dialects): mi allër(generic or exclusive)/yumi(inclusive, from yu+mi)

2nd person plural:
*subject: yi(汝等)
*object: yu(爾等)
*genitive: yur(爾等る)

3rd person plural:
*subject/object: allër/sie(彼等)
*genitive: ier(彼等る)

reflexive: self(己)(also used with the genitive form of other pronouns)

for some personal pronouns, there were emphatic forms:

1st person singular:
*object: my

2nd person singular:
*subject: dau
*object: dy

1st person plural:
*object: aus

====demonstratives====

*this: dis/dit(此)
*that: dat(彼)
*these: dese(此す)
*those: die(彼い)
*here: hier(ひいる/此る)
*there: daar(だある/彼る)
*the(definite article): dë(だ)

====interrogative pronouns====

*who: wee(誰い)
*what: wat(何と)
*when: wan(何ん)
*where: wor(をる/何る)/war(わる/何る)
*how: hau(はう/何う)
*why: wai/warum(わい/何い)
*which: wilk(ゐるﾟく/何く)
Interrogatives are not used to start relative clauses when there are antecedents.

===Numerals===
# 1: een/en(一)
# 2: twee(二)
# 3: dree(三)
# 4: fier(四)
# 5: faif/fimf(五)
# 6: sex(六)
# 7: sevën(七)
# 8: acht(八)
# 9: negën(九)
# 10: ten(十)
# 11: elvën~elf(十一)
# 12: twelf(十二)
# 13: dreetin(十三)
# 14: fiertin(十四)
# 15: fiftin(十五)
# 16: sextin(十六)
# 17: sevëntin(十七)
# 18: achtin(十八)
# 19: negëntin(十九)
# 20: twentig(二十)
* 30: dreetig(三十)
* 40: fiertig(四十)
* 50: fiftig(五十)
* 60: sextig(六十)
* 70: sevëntig(七十)
* 80: achtig(八十)
* 90: negëntig(九十)
* hundred: hundërd(百)
* thousand: dausënd(千)

* ordinal number marker: -t/-ët(番)

For ordinal numbers, first and second have special forms:
* first: erst(一番)
* second: odër(二番/他る)(also means "other", the regular form "twee-t" is also used)

===Conjunctions===
*when/if: wen(ゑん)
*if: ef(えふ)
*before: bëforë(ば前る/前る)
*after: aftër(後た)
*and: end/en(えん/又ん)
*or: ed/eddë(えだ)
*but: ack(あく)
*then/than: dan(だん)

===Content Words===
====Names of Months====
Urban Basanawa has two set set of names of months, one is Slavic-origin, the other is Japanese-origin, the set of the latin-derived calendar month names used in many western europe languages(like English) is not used in Urban Basanawa:

Japanese-origin:
# January: Mutzuki(睦月)
# February: Kisaragi(如月)
# March: Yayoi(弥生)
# April: Udzuki(卯月)
# May: Satzuki(皐月)/Sanaetzuki(早苗月)
# June: Minadzuki(水無月)
# July: Fumidzuki(文月)
# August: Hadzuki(葉月)
# September: Nagatzuki(長月)
# October: Kannadzuki(神無月)
# November: Shimotzuki(霜月)
# December: Shiwasu(師走)

Slavic-origin:
# January: Stitchen
# February: Luti
# March: Madjetz
# April: kvitchen
# May: Mai
# June: Tchervitz
# July: Lipitz
# August: Sherpin
# September: Vdjeshen
# October: Pazdjernik
# November: Listopat
# December: Grudjen

====Days of a week====
#Monday: maandag(月日)/getzuyowbi(月曜日)
#Tuesday: firedag(火日)/kayowbi(火曜日)
#Wednsday: waterdag(水日)/suiyowbi(水曜日)
#Thursday: wieddag(木日)/mokuyowbi(木曜日)
#Friday: golddag(金日)/kinyowbi(金曜日)
#Saturday: sobota/erddag(土日)/doyowbi(土曜日)*
#Sunday: sundag(日日)/nitchiyowbi(日曜日)
The word "sobota" is the most common term for saturday in Urban Basanawa

====Kinship terms====

*Father: fadër(父)
*Mother: modër(母)

The terms for sibling is rather complex in Urban Basanawa, comparable to that of Hungarian:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:200px; height:200px;"
|+ Siblings terms in Urban Basanawa
|-
!
! older
! younger
! unspecified
|-
! male
| ani(兄) || otowto(弟) || brodër(兄弟)
|-
! female
| ane(姉) || imowto(妹) || swestër(姉妹)
|-
! unspecified
| kakak(兄姉) || adik(弟妹) || gësibb(兄弟姉妹) brodër-swestër(兄弟姉妹) kakak-adik(兄弟姉妹)
|}

that means all the sentences below can be used to mean "Nepgear is the little sister of Nep-nep":
* Nepgear is dë swestër fon Nep-nep(specify the gender, but not the relative age)
* Nepgear is dë adik fon Nep-nep(specify the relative age, but not the gender)
* Nepgear is dë imowto fon Nep-nep(specify both the gender and the relative age)

Kinship terms are ususally borrowing-resistant items of the lexicon of a language, however, it is obvious that there are many Austronesian- and Japanese-derived kinship terms in Urban Basanawa, which may indicate the effect of substrate languages, and Japanese, which is usually seen as a superstratum of Urban Basanawa, may have also played a role as a substratum in the formation of Urban Basanawa.

==Similarities to English and other west-germanic languages==
While talking about things of the everyday life, Urban Basanawa does not differ much from other west germanic languages, except for the writing system:

* dë man is in dë Haus /də man is in də haus/ - だ男いす中んだ屋 - The man is in the house
* du hast twee kau /du hast twi: kau/ - 汝持すと二牛 - you have two cows
* dat is ne dy ball, it is my ball /dat is ne dai bal it is mai bal/ - 彼いす非爾い球、彼といす我い球 - that is not your ball, it is my ball.

Some sentences are even identical or near-identical to their counterparts in other west germanic languages:
* It is good. - /it is gu:t/ - 彼といす良ど - It is good.(similar to its counterpart in English when written in Oldwriting)
* My hand is in warm watër. - /mai hant is in warm watər/ - 我い手いす中ん温む水 - My hand is in warm water.(similar to its counterpart in English and Afrikaans when written in Oldwriting)
* Dat is en hund. - /it is en hunt/ - 彼いす一ん犬 - that is a dog(similar to its counterpart in Low German when written in Oldwriting)

But when it comes to more academic ideas, Urban Basanawa sometimes can be almost completely alien to speakers of other germanic languages:

* Bibunsekibungaku is dë kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku, it doo kenkiyuu bibunhow en sekibunhow /bibunsekibungaku is də kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku it du: kenkju: bibunho: en sekibunho:/ - 微分積分学いすだ基本的な部分ふぉん解析学、彼とどぅう研究微分法又ん積分法 - Calculus is the fundamental part of mathematical analysis, it researches differentiation and integration.

==Example sentences==
(Oldwriting - Basanawa-dji - English translation)
* Nepgear is en kawaii musume, Uni is ook en kawaii musume. - ネプギアいす一ん可愛い娘、ユニいすううく一ん可愛い娘。 - Nepgear is a cute girl, Uni is also a cute girl.
* Noire weepëd an dë svadba fon Nepgear en Uni, for Uni, dë imowto fon Noire, hat wordën dë hanayome fon Nepgear, dë imowto fon Nep-nep. - ノワール泣ぱど在んだ<ruby>結婚式<rp>(</rp><rt>svadba</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>ふぉんネプギア又んユニ、為るユニ、だ妹ふぉんノワール、はと成おるだんだ花嫁ふぉんネプギア、だ妹ふぉんねぷねぷ。 - Noire weeped at the wedding ceremony of Nepgear and Uni, for Uni, the little sister of Noire, has become the bride of Nepgear, the little sister of Nep-nep.

* Bunkatekina mixing en fërbettëring is dë dentow fon dë Urban Basanawa sprekërs. - 文化的な混しんﾟ又ん変る良たりんﾟいすだ伝統ふぉんだばさなわ話者す - Cultural mixing and enhancing is the tradition of the Urban Basanawa speakers.
* en Basa is en howgen mid en guntai en kaigun. - 一ん語いす一ん方言みど一ん軍隊又ん海軍 - A language is a dialect with an Army and Navy(אַ שפּראַך איז אַ דיאַלעקט מיט אַן אַרמיי און פֿלאָט)
* ne neme af my seiraafuku - ね脫む去ふ我いセーラー服 - Don't take off my sailor suit.
* hi saa en Unkenned Fleegend Oogenseinding an dë hemmel - he saw an UFO on the sky.

UDHR Article 1 in Urban Basanawa:
: Oldwriting: All ningen sind born free en gelike in songen en rechts, sie sind geven mid risei en riyowshin, en shallen doo mid en-odder in en geest fon kinnigheid.
: Basanawadji: 全るﾟ人間すぃんど生おるん自由えん同く中ん尊厳えん権す、彼等すぃんど与えわﾟんみど理性えん良心、えんしゃらﾟん為う互るﾟ中ん精神ふぉん親族にきﾟへいど
: Pronunciation: /'al 'ningen sint born fri: en gə'laik in 'soŋgen en 'reçts si: sint 'gevən mit rise: en ri'jo:ʃin en 'ʃalən 'du: mit en'odər in en gi:st fon 'kiniçhe:t/

Lord's prayer in Urban Basanawa:

Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食与うﾟと我等す今日
: 又ん赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えわ゜と我等之負者
: 又ん無率ど我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, geve to us fondag
: en fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergevet ur beshulders
: en ne leed us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho:p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho:p dai 'kiŋdom 'ko:m/
: /'ho:p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik an hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho: p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:vət ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en ne 'li:t us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/

The following Urban Basanawa sentences are same to the corrsponding sentences in some other languages in respect of both written forms and meanings:
* It is good.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English)
* My hand is in warm watër.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English and Afrikaans)
* Dat is en hund.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Low German)
* Oneitchan daisuki(お姉ちゃん大好き) - (when written in "Basanawa-dji", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Japanese)

==Notes==
<references />

[[Category:Germanic conlangs]]
[[Category:A posteriori conlangs]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

Urban Basanawa

2015-04-05T10:18:24Z

K1234567890y: /* Example sentences */

{{Infobox
|name=Basanawa ''Basanawa/ばさなわ'' Saxenspraak/サクサン語
|pronounce=/basa'nawa/ / /saksənspra:k/
|tu=
|species=Human
|in=
|no=(unknown)
|script=Latin(the Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is called "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Basanawa) Kanji and Kana(the Basanawa variant of Kanji and Kana is called "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字) in Basanawa) The Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is considered as an archaic writing system among Basanawa speakers.
|tree=[[Proto-Indo-European|Indo-European]] 
 Germanic 
  West-Germanic 
   Ingvaeonic 
    Low German? 
     '''Urban Basanawa'''
|morph=Isolating/Agglutinative~Fusional
|ms=Accusative
|wo=SVO
|creator=[[User:k1234567890y]]
|date=2014
|cals=basanawa
}}

'''Urban Basanawa'''(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ), natively known as '''Saxënspraak'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン語), '''Basakota'''(derived from Rural Basanawa), '''Burgbasa''' or '''Burgspraak''', is a West-Germanic (constructed) language belonging to the Indo-European language family, it is an [[:wikipedia:en:Ingvaeonic languages|Ingvaeonic language]](or a North Sea Germanic language) and is very close to English(in terms of basic words), it is spoken on another planet called "Dë Niuland"(also called "Dë Niuwerld", Basanawa-dji: だ新世界), as the speakers were accidentally transferred by a wormhole to "Dë Niuland".

Urban Basanawa is one of the two language of the Detch people(or Deetch people), the other is [[Rural Basanawa]], more than 70% of the Detch people speak Urban Basanawa as their native tongue.

Like English, Yiddish and Wymysorys, Urban Basanawa is a west-germanic language with a large amount of loanwords.

Urban Basanawa developed from Old Saxon, but the inflection system has been greatly reduced; There are many loanwords from Slavic languages(Mainly a language closely related to Polish, perhaps a dialect of Polish), Malay and Japanese, also, due to the influence of Japanese, and being isolated from other germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't use Latin or Ancient Greek as its source of academic terms.

Despite not being an Anglo-Frisian language, many words of Urban Basanawa are pronunced the same or similar to their English cognates, like feet("feet", pronunciation /fi:t/), fish("fish", pronunciation /fiʃ/), bring("to bring", pronunciation /briŋ/), green("green", pronunciation /gri:n/); but some words are pronunced differently from their English cognates, like ook("eye", pronunciation /u:x/), eggë("edge", pronunciation /ek/), etë("to eat", pronunciation /e:t/); also, there are words which are false friends to their English cognates, for example, deer("animal", pronunciation /di:r/, cognate to English "deer"), selfish("private", pronunciation /selfiʃ/, cognate to English "selfish" but with very different meanings to its English cognates), sood("to prove", pronunciation /su:t/, cognate to English "soothe").

It is thought that [[Toka na Musume]], a language of anime-girl-like girls, is derived from Urban Basanawa, or a creolized form of Urban Basanawa.

The name "[[Basanawa]]" is shared by two languages spoken by the Detch people, one is an Ingvaeonic West Germanic language, called "Urban Basanawa"; the other is an Malayic Malay-Polynesian language, called "[[Rural Basanawa]]", what is introduced in this article, is the "Urban Basanawa" language. Despite sharing the name and used by the same ethnic group, "Urban Basanawa" and "Rural Basanawa" belong to two unrelated language families.

==Origin of words==
Urban Basanawa is a language with a large quantity of loanwords, the source of words is various, and many(if not most) of them are of non-european origin. It is said that most classical languagew of Eurasia of our word, including Classical Chinese(mainly via Japanese), Sanskrit(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Arabic(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Latin and Ancient Greek have all contributed some words to Urban Basanawa.

Despite having numerous loanwords, Urban Basanawa is certainly a west Germanic language close to English, Low German and Frisian, and most of its grammatical structures and functional words are of Germanic origin.

===Germanic===
Urban Basanawa is a germanic language, it evolves from Old Saxon, most germanic words in Urban Basanawa are inherited from Old Saxon(through sound changes), thus, Urban Basanawa could be seen as a dialect of Low German, but the merger between front rounded vowel into their unrounded counterparts, the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/(Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/ have become /ai/ and /au/ respectively in Urban Basanawa), the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/(the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/, and the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/ have made some Urban Basanawa words sound like their English or Standard German cognates), the preservation of the distinction between Old Saxon short /o/ and /u/, lexical differences(Besides loanwords, semantic shift of native words can also create obstacles in communication) and grammatical changes(Urban Basanawa has lost all nominal cases, and has also lost the germanic V2 order, becoming a SVO language, also, adjectival inflections in Urban Basanawa have also become unproductive and fossilized) can hinder the mutual intelligibility between Urban Basanawa and Low German dialects.

Unlike Low German dialects, the distinction between short /o/ and /u/ of Old Saxon is still maintained in Urban Basanawa.

Besides words that are inherited from Old Saxon, some germanic-origin words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed, some of them are early borrowings borrowed from other germanic dialects in Old Saxon Period, some others are borrowed later indirect through Slavic languages or Japanese, which created some doublets:

* land("land", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - lond("owned land, owned field, property", a slavic borrowing)
* ring("ring", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - rinek("market", a slavic borrowing)
* shirt("apron", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - shatzu("shirt", a japanese borrowing)

Although Urban Basanawa has borrowed kinship terms from Japanese, kinship terms of germanic origin are actually still used in daily communications, also, the pronominal system of Urban Basanawa is still germanic, not influenced by other languages.

===Austronesian===
Urban Basanawa has some from Malay-Indonesian and other Austronesian languages, many Sanskrit(including the word "Basa") and Arabic terms are also borrowed indirectly through Austronesian languages, it is thought that Austronesian languages(mainly Malay-Indonesian) were probably substratums among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

===Slavic===
Urban Basanawa has words from slavic languages, especially Polish and/or Polish-like languages(words borrowed from other slavic languages also exist), before Urban Basanawa speakers started to adopt Japanese, a Polish-like slavic language was served as the superstratum among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

Besides some lexical words, many proper nouns in Urban Basanawa are influenced by slavic languages, for example, some village names are ended with -vitze, which is considered to be from Polish -wice, also, many given names are of Slavic origin, and there are even non-slavic-origin family names ended with -ski(for example, Umeski).

The existence of slavic words may indicte that the direct ancestor of Urban Basanawa(before the speakers being accidentally transferred) was spoken in Poland(of our world) in Middle Ages.

Slavic words for animals are also used as euphemisms by hunters, fishers and butchers speaking Urban Basanawa, as they consider germanic names of animals will bring bad luck when these words are referred in hunting/fishing.

===Greek and Latin-Romance===
Ancient Greek and Latin are much less important among Urban Basanawa speakers than they are in most parts of Europe, compared to other Germanic languages(and most other languages originate from Europe of our world), Urban Basanawa has less influence from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages, most words from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages in Urban Basanawa were borrowed in the Old Saxon period or earlier, or indirectly through other languages.

===Japanese and Chinese===
It is known that Japanese culture has a profound impact on Urban Basanawa-speakers, so Japanese language(Modern Japanese) also has significant influence on Urban Basanawa, Japanese lexicon, especially Sino-japanese ones, is used as a source for academic terms in Urban Basanawa, many modern concepts in Urban Basanawa are from Japanese, Urban Basanawa speakers has even adopted Japanese kana and kanji to write Urban Basanawa.

Japanese people never ruled or colonized the Urban Basanawa speakers, but Japanese was seen as a superior language by Urban Basanawa speakers; also, as some Japanese words are very common in Urban Basanawa, it is supposed that Japanese may also served as an substratum in an earlier stage.

Most of the Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, but there are Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa that are not borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, some of them are borrowed through Malay-Indonesian but others are probably not. Below are some supposed Sinitic words that are not from Sino-Japanese words:
* lobak - radish(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lonkang - drain(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lomuwa~loma - gangster
* bulahi~blahi - whitebait

===Ainu Itak===
There are also some words originating from Ainu, below are some examples:

* tunackai /tu'nakai/ "reindeer" - from Ainu ''tunakkay''
* mossir /'mosir/ "land, region, island" - from Ainu ''mosir''
* tchisse /'tʃise/ "shelter, house" - from Ainu ''cise''
* kamui /'kamui/ "anglic god-like spirit" - from Ainu ''kamuy''
* kamuimossir "paradise, heaven, land of god" - from Ainu ''kamuymosir''

===Calquing in Urban Basanawa===
Besides direct borrowings, calquing is also common to form new words in Urban Basanawa:

* '''handsack/手袋''' /'hantsak/ "glove" - from '''hand/手''' /'hant/ "hand" + '''sack/袋''' /'sak/ "bag,sack", calquing Japanese '''てぶくろ/手袋''' "glove"
* '''weidkind/茸''' /'we:tkint/ "mushroom" - from '''weid/木''' /'we:t/ "wood" + '''kind/子''' /'kint/ "child", calquing Japanese '''キノコ/茸''' "mushroom"
* '''gardfogel/鶏''' /'gartfogəl/ "chicken"<ref>however, it is possible that '''gardfogel''' is not a calque of Japanese '''にわとり''', as the term '''gardfogel''' has been common when Urban Basanawa speakers started to systemically borrow Japanese words</ref> - from '''gard/庭/園''' /'gart/ "garden" + '''fogel/鳥''' /'fogəl/ "bird", calquing Japanese '''にわとり/鶏''' "chicken"
* '''potding/鍋物''' /'potdiŋ/ "hot pot, nabemono", calquing Japanese '''なべもの/鍋物''' "hot pot, nabemono"

==Phonology==
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Consonants
|-
! !! Labials !! Alveolars !! Postalveolars/ Palatals !! Velars/ Glottals
|-
! Nasals
| m || n || || ŋ
|-
! Plosives
| p b || t d || || k g
|-
! Affricates
| || ts dz || tʃ dʒ ||
|-
! Fricatives
| f v || s || ʃ || x~h
|-
! Sonorants
| || r l || j || w
|}
* /v/ is actually the labiodental approximant [ʋ] rather than the labiodental fricative [v] in the actual speech of many speakers.
* /dz/ is sometimes realized as [z]
* /ŋ/ is only contrastive with /n/ at the end of a word, in other places, /ŋ/ is an allophone of /n/ before velars.
* /h/ is pronunced as [x] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a non-front consonant; /h/ is pronunced as [ç] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a front consonant
* the contrast between /p/ and /b/, /t/ and /d/, and /k/ and /g/ is in fact a contrast between fortis and lenis plosives, rather than a contrast between voiceless and voiced plosives, or a contrast between aspirated and non-aspirated plosives.
* /b/, /d/, /g/, /dz/, /dʒ/, /v/ are neutralized respectively with /p/, /t/, /k/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /f/ word-finally.

===Vowels===
Like English and Yiddish, but unlike other Germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't have front rounded vowels, the vowel system of Urban Basanawa is more similar to that of Spanish or Japanese:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+vowels
|-
! !! front || central !! back
|-
! high
| i i: || || u u:
|-
! mid
| e e: || ə || o o:
|-
! low
| || a a:
|}

* In some dialects, the actual pronunciations of the short vowels /i e a o u/ are [ɪ ɛ ɐ ɔ ʊ]

===Sound Changes from Old Saxon to Urban Basanawa===
Although Urban Basanawa has numerous borrowings, and most of them are from non-european languages, most common words and most words used in everyday speech are inherent from Old Saxon, which clearly shows that Urban Basanawa is a West-Germanic language, and as Urban Basanawa has evolved for a long time from Old Saxon, there are certainly some sound changes.

Rules listed below might not be correct, and may not be the complete list. Some of the sound changes coincide with those happened in other Low German dialects, others are peculiar to Urban Basanawa.

Most sound changes of Stage I occured when people who spoke the ancestor languages of Urban Basanawa(persumbly Old Saxon and Middle Low German dialects) were still live in our world, and most sound changes of Stage II occured after they arrived "De Niuland".

Stage I

* i:a > e:
* io > e:
* iu > y:(?) or ie(?) > i:

* ao,aw,auw > ɔ:
* a:o > a:w
* a:i > a:i
* iuw > iu
* euw > eu
* ei,e:i > i:
* e:o,e:w > e:
* V[-stressed](especially when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)(however, this rule is controversial)
* wu > wo
* a > o / _ld (before final consonant devoicing)

* Open syllable lengthening:
** a > ɑ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** o,u,au > ɔ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** e,i > ɛ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** ø,y > œ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables

* V[-stressed] > ə
* V:[-stressed] > V

* θ,(ð) > d (before final consonant devoicing)

* C > C[-voice] / _#(final consonant devoicing)

* Unronding of front rounded vowels(this sound change probably occured much later, but it certainly occurred before the earliest writing record):
** y: > i:
** ø: > e:
** y > i
** ø > e
** œ: > ɛ:
** e: > ei / !_[t,d,θ,ð,r,x~h](uncertain)
** o: > ou / !_[t,d,θ,ð,r,x~h](uncertain)

Stage II

* V: > V / _C(ə)R(R is an resonant /m n l r/, especially before /dər/)(this happens before the diphthongization of vowels and the raising of long vowels; moreover, in certain words, the process was undone due to morphological levelling)

* C: > C

* diphthongization of vowels:
** i:,a:i > ai
** u:,a:w > au
** o:i > oi
** eu,iu > iu

* raising of long vowels:
** ɑ:,a: > a:
** e: (>ei) > i:
** o: (>ou) > u:
** ɛ(:) > e(:)
** ɔ(:) > o(:)

* z > s / #_

* h > Ø / V_V(this sound change probably occured much earlier)

* ə > Ø / _#

there are some irregularities among words, the emergence of these irregularities were probably due to dialect mixing and dialect levelling at some earlier stages of Urban Basanawa:


* Old Saxon ''sumar'' > Urban Basanawa ''summer/夏'' /sumər/ "summer" (the expected form would be *''sommer'' /somər/, it is possible that it changed to summer by analogy of the semantically related word ''sun'' "sun", possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''thiudisk'' > Urban Basanawa ''detch'' /detʃ/ and ''deetch'' /di:tʃ/ (the expected form would be *''daitch'' /daitʃ/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or it was remodelled after the related Old Saxon word thīod or its descendants before the formation of Urban Basanawa)
* Old Saxon ''duru'' > Urban Basanawa ''door/扉'' /du:r/ "door" (the expected form ''dore/扉'' /do:r/ also exists, which created a pair of doublets /do:r/ and /du:r/, it is possible that the emergence of doublet in this word and some other words was due to dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''wika'' > Urban Basanawa ''week/週'' /wi:k/ "week" (the expected form would be *''weik'' /we:k/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing. or modelled after the Old Saxon word wēk "weak")
* Old Saxon *''butera''(speculated form, deduced from Proto (west) Germanic *''buterô'') > Urban Basanawa ''butter/ブッタル'' /butər/ "butter" (the expected form would be *''botter'', possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or actually evolved through the sound change "V[-stressed](especiall when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_C(R is an resonant /m n l r/)" regularly)
* Old Saxon ''hert'' > Urban Basanawa ''hart/心'' /hart/ "heart" (the expected form would be *''hert'' /hert/)

possible irregular words:

* Old Saxon ''frī'' > Urban Basanawa ''free/自由い'' /fri:/ "free" (the expected word would be *''frai'' */frai/ or *''frei'' */fre:/, but it is possible that it was actually a regular sound change modelled after certain forms of adjectives, or modelled after ''dree'', ''free''(the verb evolved regularly from Old Saxon ''frīohon'') or was an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
*words that are subject of the rule "i,u[-stressed] > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)":
** Old Saxon ''bilith'' > Urban Basanawa ''bild/図/像'' /bilt/ "picture, image" (the expected word would be *''beld'' */belt/, it is possible that the form *''bilthi'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''miluk'' > Urban Basanawa ''milk/乳/ミルク'' /milk/ "milk" (the expected word would be *''melk'' */melk/, it is possible that the form *''milk'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''kirikǭ'' > Urban Basanawa ''kirk/教会'' /kirk/ "church" (the expected word would be *''kerk'' /kerk/, it is possible that the form *kirkǭ also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''siluvar'' > Urban Basanawa ''silver/銀'' /silvər/ "silver" (the expected word would be *''selver'' /selvər/, it is possible that the form *''silvar'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)

==Writing systems==
There are several ways to write Urban Basanawa. two of them are introduced below:

===Roman Script/Oldwriting===
The Roman Script for Urban Basanawa, also called the "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Urban Basanawa, is a way to write Urban Basanawa. Roman Script never became widespread among the Detch people, and it has become obsolete, but for the sake of the readers, most Urban Basanawa contents in this article will be written using Roman Scripts.

*A - /a/
*AA - /a:/
*A$Ë - /a:/
*AI - /ai/
*AU - /au/
*B - /b/
*BB - /b/
*CH - /x/
*CK - /k/
*D - /d/
*DD - /d/
*DJ - /dʒ/
*DZ - /dz~z/
*E - /e/
*Ë - /ə/, if it ends a word and is not followed by any consonant, it is silent
*EE - /i:/
*EI - /e:/
*E$Ë - /e:/
*F - /f/
*G - /g/
*GG - /g/
*H - /h/
*I - /i/
*IE - /i:/
*I$Ë - /ai/
*K - /k/
*L - /l/
*M - /m/
*N - /n/
*O - /o/
*OO - /u:/
*OU - /o:/
*OW - /o:/
*O$Ë - /o:/
*P - /p/
*PP - /p/
*R - /r/
*S - /s/
*SS - /s/
*SH - /ʃ/
*T - /t/
*TT - /t/
*TZ - /ts/
*TCH - /tʃ/
*U - /u/
*U$Ë - /au/
*UË - /u:/
*UU - /u:/
*V - /v/
*W - /w/
*WR - /vr/
*Y - /j/(as a consonant),/ai/(as a vowel)

Note:
# $ represents any single consonant
# A, E, O are lengthened to /a:/,/e:/,/o:/ in open syllables
# Ë is not used in actual manuscripts of Urban Basanawa.

===Kanji and Kana===
Urban Basanawa is highly influenced by the Japanese language, and the Detch people have even adopted Japanese Kanji and Kana to write Urban Basanawa, Kanji and Kana for Urban Basanawa has become the most widespread way to write Urban Basanawa among the Detch people.

The Kanji and Kana system used to write Urban Basanawa is called the "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字), the Kanji part is called 漢字(Oldwriting: Kandji) in Urban Basanawa, the Kana part is called 仮名(Oldwriting: Kana) in Urban Basanawa.

====Reading of Kandjis in Urban Basanawa====
Like Japanese Kanji, there are several ways to read Basanawa kandji of Basanawa-dji: 音読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: On-lesing), 訓読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Kun-lesing), 混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Mixed-lesing) and 熟字訓(Oldwriting: Djukudjikun), they are similar to the Japanese On'yomi, Kun'yomi, Mixed readings and Special readings.

=====音読えせぃんﾟ(On-lesing)=====
The '''On-lesing''', the Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a Sino-Japanese word, all On-lesings are borrowed from Japanese On'yomi.

The On-lesing of many words in Urban basanawa are pronunced almost the same as the On'yomi of their Japanese counterparts.

More formal or academic terms are more likely to use On-lesing; while more informal or daily terms are more likely to use Kun-lesing, but there are exceptions.

Example of On-lesings(kandji - On-lesing pronunciation - meaning):

* 音楽 - /ongaku/ - "music"
* 科学 - /kagaku/ - "science"
* 生物学 - /se:butsugaku/ - "biology"
* 地質学 - /tʃiʃitsugaku/ - "geology"
* 予算 - /josan/ - "budget"
* 細胞 - /saibo:/ - "cell(biology)"
* 証明書 - /ʃo:me:ʃo:/ - "certificate"
* 学校 - /gakko:/ - "school"
* 廃墟 - /haikijo/ - "ruin"
* 報酬 - /ho:ʃu:/ - "reward"
* 責任 - /sekinin/ - "responsibility"
* 気体 - /kitai/ - "gas"
* 工場 - /ko:dʒo:/ - "factory"
* 魔法 - /maho:/ - "magic"
* 少女 - /ʃo:dʒo/ - "girl"
* 経済 - /ke:dzai/ - "economy"
* 博士 - /hakuʃi/ - "doctor(one with a doctorate degree)"
* 割引 - /waribiki/ - "discount"
* 国家 - /kokka/ - "country"

however, not every pronunciation from Japanese is seen as a On-lesing, a pronunciation that is from the Yamatokotoba of Japanese is seen as a Kunn-lesing in Urban Basanawa.

=====訓読えせぃんﾟ(Kun-lesing)=====
The '''Kun-lesing''', the non-Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a non-Sino-Japanese word, or '''Landsword'''(Basanawa-dji: 国詞), that closely approximated the meaning of the Chinese character when it was introduced. As with On-lesing, there can be multiple Kun-lesing for the same kandji, and some kandji have no Kun-lesing at all.

Most of the Kun-lesings are of Germanic origin and are inherited from Old Saxon rather than borrowed, and many of them are basic words used in everyday speeech, which reflects the fact that Urban Basanawa is actually a west-Germanic language despite not using writing systems common to other Germanic languages, those Germanic-origin words inherited from Old Saxon are sometimes called '''Saxënword'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン詞). All Saxënwords are Landswords, but not all Landswords are Saxënwords, as Landswords contain words of Austronesian origin, words of Slavic origin, and words of other origins.

Example of Kun-lesings(kandji - Kun-lesing pronunciation - meaning):
* 西 - /'west/ - "west"
* 北 - /'nort/ - "north"
* 屋 - /'haus/ - "house"
* 橋 - /'brik/ - "bridge"
* 馬 - /'ros/ - "horse"
* 山 - /'berx/ - "mountain"
* 朝 - /'morgən/ - "morning"
* 夜 - /'naxt/ - "night"
* 日 - /'sun/ - "sun"
* 日 - /'dax/ - "day"
* 病 - /'ba:n/ - "disease"
* 鬼 - /'gi:st/ - "ghost"
* 魚 - /'fiʃ/ - "fish(general term)"
* 魚 - /'riba/ - "fish(euphemism used by fishers and anglers)"
* 畑 - /'felt/ - "field"
* 田 - /'sa:wa/ - "paddy field"
* 鶏 - /'manuk/ - "chicken"
* 綿 - /'kapuk/ - "cotton"
* 帝 - /'radʒa/ - "emperor, raja"
* 薬 - /'lek/ - "medicine(substance for curing), drug"
* 壺 - /'dzbanek/ - "jug"
* 蛸 - /'tako/ - "octopus"
* 猫 - /'neko/ - "cat"
* ときめき - /tokimeki/ - "crush(feeling of love)"
* 萌え - /'moe/ - "crush(feeling of love, especially to a cutie), cute(especially for a lovely girl)"
* 食えいと - /'e:t/ - "to eat"
* 見えい - /'se:/ - "to see"
* 見いんど - /'fint/ - "to find"
* 作く - /'ma:k/ - "to make"
* 送ど - /'sent/ - "to send"
* 費ど - /'spent/ - "to spend"
* 老ど - /'olt/ - "old"
* 他る - /'odər/ - "other"
* 大と - /'gru:t/ - "great, large, big"
* 生う - /'ro:/ - "raw"
* 大い - /'vilki/ - "large"
* 海星 - /'si:ster/ - "starfish"

=====混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Mixëd-lesing)=====
There are kandji compounds that use a mixture of On-lesing and Kun-lesing, they are known as '''Mixëd-lesing'''.

=====義訓(Gikun)/熟字訓(Djukudjikun)=====
'''Gikun''' and '''Djukudjikun''' are readings of kandji combinations that have no direct correspondence to the characters' individual On-lesing or Kun-lesing, but rather are connected with their meaning.

Example of Gikun/Djukudjikun(kandji - Gikun/Djukudjikun pronunciation - meaning):
* 兵器 - /'wa:pən/ - "weapon"
* 飛行 - /'fle:x/ - "flight"
* 結婚式 - /'svadba/ - "wedding ceremony"
* 精神 - /'gi:st/ - "spirit"
* 聖書 - /al'kitap/ - "The Bible"
* 玻璃 - /'glas/ - "glass"
* 教会 - /'kirk/ - "church"
* 子牛 - /'kalf/ - "calf(of a cow)"
* 地獄 - /'hel/ - "hell"
Due to the fact that Germanic languages have phonological and semantic structures different from that of Chinese languages or Japanese, and that there are considerable amounts loanwords of Slavic and Austronesian origin in Urban Basanawa, it is believed that the proportion of Gikun and Djukudjikun in Urban Basanawa is higher than that in Japanese.

==Grammar==
Being a germanic language, it shares many common structures with English, but there are also differences.

===Word Order===
The word order of Urban Basanawa is very similar to English:
*Basic word order: Subject-Verb-Object(SVO)
*Adpositions are prepositions
*Demonstratives and Numerals precede the noun they modify, relative clauses follow the noun they modify, adjectives can precede or follow the noun they modify(prenominal adjectives are more common)
Urban Basanawa does not have V2 order at all, and word order inversion is not used for interrogatives, and Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial yes-no question particle.

===Interrogatives===
In Urban Basanawa, word order inversion is not used for interrogatives:
* Du saast wat? - what did you see?
* Hau du feelst? - how do you feel?

Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial particle for yes-no questions "is-it dat":
* is-it dat it is de haus fon dy tomodatchi? - is it the house of your friend?

"is-it dat" is frequently contracted to "ista".

It is also possible to ask yes-no questions simply by using a raising intonation on a sentence(In Urban Basanawa, like English, declarative sentences usually have a falling intonation):

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

which is equivalent to the following sentence:

* is-it dat Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

Tag question is formed by adding the negation word "ne" to the end of the sentence:

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep, ne? - Noire has fallen in love with Nep-nep, hasn't she?

===Relative clauses===
Relative clauses start with the invariant relativizers dë and dat:
* dë haus, dë is by dë strand, was bocht faif yaars beforë - the house, which is by the beach, was bought five years ago.
* dë musume, dë [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Nepgear|Nepgear]] luëvët, is dë imowto fon Noire - the girl, whom Nepgear loves, is the younger sister of Noire.

dat can also be used to form nominal clauses:
* it is good, dat all kindër kan gaa to gackows. - it is good that all children can go to schools.
* [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] ne kent dat [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Noire|Noire]], dë Megami fon [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Lastation|Lastation]], hat fallën in koi mid iem. - Nep-nep doesn't know that Noire, the Goddess of Lastation, has fallen in love with her.

Unlike most European languages, interrogative words(the so-called relative pronouns) are not used for relative clauses except for relative clauses without antecedents.

===Negation===
negation is formed by using the negation word ''ne'', the word ne precedes the word it negates:

* Leanbox ne hat Megami Kouhosei - Leanbox doesn't have CPU candidates.
* In dë miestze, dë hat fishbeens swimmënd, Uni sheedë mid Nepgear, for Uni dacht, dat Nepgear ne heelëd Noire, dë oneisan fon Uni. - in the place where there are swimming fishbones, Uni broke up with Nepgear, for Uni thought that Nepgear didn't save Noire, Uni's big sister.

ne usually follows an aux verb:

* Nepgear konst ne fërstand, wai Uni weld ne feech ien. - Nepgear couldn't understand why Uni didn't want to join her.

It is supposed that the Urban Basanawa ''ne'' is not directly from Proto-Germanic ''ne'', but rather a contraction of earlier negations.

===Possession===
Possession can be formed by using prepositions, the most common preposition for possession is "fon", if a preposition is used for possession, the possessor follows the possessed:

* dë haus fon dë megami - the goddess's house
* dë wagën fon dy fadër - the car of your father

also, a structure similar to the "His-genitive" in English is also used, where the 3rd singular possessive pronoun "is" is used, if the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is used for possession, the possessor precedes the possessed, the possessive pronoun frequently pronunced as "s" and written as "së" in Oldwriting:

* dë megami së haus/だ女神彼す屋 - /də 'megami s 'haus/ - the goddess's house
* dy faddër së wagën/だ父彼す車 - /dai fadər s 'wagən/ - the car of your father

The "is" in this usage does not influenced by the number of possessor or possessed:

* dë werker së gëreed - /də werkər sə gəri:t/ - the tool of the worker
* dë werker së gëreeds - /də werkər sə gəri:ts/ - the tools of the worker
* dë werkers së gëreed - /də werkərs sə gəri:t/ - the tool of the workers
* dë werkers së gëreeds - /də werkərs sə gəri:ts/ - the tools of the workers

the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is standard in Urban Basanawa.

there was an genitive case suffix -s, but the genitive -s suffix has fallen out of use and has become a derivative affix used for some compounds.

===Noun===
Nouns has lost the distinction between genders and cases, but it still has the distinction between singular and plural forms.

there are different types of nouns: s-nouns, n-nouns, r-nouns, umlaut-nouns.

the plural form of a s-noun is formed by adding the -s/-ës suffix to the end of the noun, it seems that most nouns belong to this class:

*man("man") - mans(the plural form of man can also be men or mennër)
*fingër("finger") - fingërs
*boom("tree") - booms
*fish("fish") - fishës
*ring("ring") - rings
*dag("day") - dagës
*maud("mouth") - maudës

the plural form of a n-noun is formed by adding the -n/-ën suffix to the end of the noun:

*oog("eye") - oogën
*erd("earth") - erdën

the plural form of a r-noun is formed by adding the -r/-ër suffix to the end of the noun, and the stem vowel may undergo umlaut:

*lamb("lamb") - lembër
*kalf("calf") - kelvër
*kind("child") - kindër

the plural form of a umlaut-noun is formed by changing the stem vowel:

*foot("foot") - feet
*book("book") - beek
*kau("cow") - kai
*maus("mouse") - mais
*gast("guest") - gest
*burg("city") - birg

Plural forms are not obliged in Urban Basanawa, and in colloquial speech it is common to use singular forms in place of plural forms.

===Verb===
Verbs conjugate according to tense-aspect-moods.

Verbs have infinitive, present, past, present participle, past participle forms, in earlier forms of Urban Basanawa, the infinitive form of a verb ends with -ën, but the -ën ending has been dropped, and they are identical to the present form in almost every case(some verbs still maintain different infinitive forms), the infinitive form ending in -ën is largely considered as an archaic form.

as most germanic languages, Urban Basanawa verbs can be devided into two classes: strong verb and weak verb.

the past tense of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d/-t to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel if it is a strong verb

the present participle of a verb, no matter it is a strong or weak verb, is formed by adding -ënd to the end of the infinitive form.

the past participle of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d/-t to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel and then adding -ën to the end if it is a strong verb, in more archaic or some dialectical usages, the prefix gë- is used for past participle forms also.

some examples are shown below:

Strong verb:
* Nep-nep etët gohan - [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] eats a meal
* Nep-nep is etënd gohan/Nep-nep is an (dë) etë gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep doot etënd gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep atët gohan - Nep-nep ate a meal
* Nep-nep hat etën gohan - Nep-nep has eaten a meal

Weak verb:
* hi makët rings - he/she makes ring.
* hi is makënd rings/hi is an (dë) makë rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi doot makënd rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi makëd rings - he/she made rings.
* hi hat makëd rings - he/she has made rings.

Like English, infinitives of Urban Basanawa can be preceded by the particle "to", but the to-infinitive is not frequently used in some dialects of Urban Basanawa.

In Urban Basanawa, the verbal noun of a verb is formed by using the -ing suffix, also, in many strong verbs, the verbal noun can be formed by simply applying the ablaut of the stem:

* (to) makë("to make") - mak'''ing'''("act of making")
* (to) s'''i'''ng ("to sing") - s'''a'''ng/sing'''ing'''("act of singing")
* (to) f'''i'''nd ("to find") - f'''a'''nd/find'''ing'''("act of finding")

however, ablaut forms are largely fossilized in Urban Basanawa, and the -ing forms are more common even for strong verbs.

the usage of verbal nouns in Urban Basanawa is similar to that of English:

* warding folks is en megami is shigoto. - protecting people is the job of a goddess.
* drinking alë smertët eener is rau - drinking beers harms one's body.

-ing forms cannot be used for present particles, and present particles cannot be used for gerunds, so the sentences below are incorrect:
* *hi is making rings(the correct form is "hi is makënd rings" or "hi is an (dë) makë rings")
* *drinkënd alë smertët eener is rau(the correct form is "drinking alë smert eener is rau")

====Agreements====
present:
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -st/-est
*3rd person singular: -t/-et(same as 1st person singular in modal verbs )
*plural: -t/-et(-en in modal verbs)

preterite(past tense, agreement suffixes added after the past tense suffix -ëd in weak verbs):
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -st/-est
*3rd person singular: -
*plural: -n/-en

the verb "wese"("to be") and "have"("to have") have irregular forms:

"wese"("to be"):
present:
*1st person singular: bin
*2nd person singular: bist
*3rd person singular: is
*plural: sind

preterite:
*1st person singular: was
*2nd person singular: weer
*3rd person singular: was
*plural: warn

"have"("to have"):
present:
*1st person singular: have
*2nd person singular: hast
*3rd person singular: hat~haft
*plural: have

preterite:
*1st person singular: had
*2nd person singular: haddest
*3rd person singular: had
*plural: hadden

====Copula====
* infinitive: wesë
* present: is
* past: was
* past particle: wesën
In Colloquial usage, copulae can be omitted, especially the present copula "is":
* dat man en ribanik - that man is a fisher.
* dat ovët sweet - the fruit is sweet.

====Strong verbs====
Like other germanic languages, there are strong verbs in Urban Basanawa, and they follow certain patterns to produce different forms, although there are anomalies in strong verbs, making the patterns less regular.

Besides these patterns of stem vowel changes, the past participle forms of strong verbs require an -ën/-あ*ん(あ* is an A-dan kana where the consonant corresponds the ending consonant of the infinitive/present form of the verb it attaches to) ending.

The stem vowel of different classes of strong verbs are listed below(arranged in the form of "Present Tense - Past Tense - Past Participle"):

In Oldwriting：
* Class I: i$ë - ie$ - i$($)*
* Class II: au/ee - oo - o
* Class III:
** i - a - u
** e - a - o
* Class IV: e - a - o
* Class V: e/i - a - e
* Class VI: a - oo - a
* Class VII*:
** a/o - e/(ee/ie) - a/o
** aa/oo - ee - a/o

In Basanawa-dji:
* Class I: あい - いい - い
* Class II: あう/いい - うう - お
* Class III:
** い - あ - う
** え - あ - お
* Class IV: えい - ああ - お
* Class V:
** えい - ああ - え
** い - あ - え
* Class VI: あ/ああ - うう - あ
* Class VII*:
** あ/お - え/(いい) - あ/お
** ああ/おう - いい - あ/お

Note:
# In General, in Class VII strong verbs, if the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short; if the stem vowel of the present tense form is long, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also long; however, in the past tense forms of some Class VII strong verbs, while the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short, although in these verbs, there are usually more regular alternatives.
# The $ in the Class I strong verb pattern is a single consonant letter in Oldwriting.

===Adjective===
Like English, adjectives in the standard form don't agree with nouns they modify in Urban Basanawa, however, in archaic usages, attributive adjectives are ended with -ë:

* en goodë dag - 一ん良だ日 - a good day
* goodë dagës - 良だ日す - good days
* dë goodë dag - だ良だ日 - the good day
* dë goodë dagës - だ良だ日す - the good days

predicative adjectives, however, don't take the -ë ending:

* fondag is good - 今日いす良で - today is good

Adjectives of Germanic origin have comparative and superlative forms:
*comparative: -ër
*superlative: -ëst

for example:

* fondag is heet - 今日いす暑と - today is hot
* fondag is heetër dan gestërn - 今日いす暑たるだん昨日 - today is hotter than yesterday
* fondag is dë heetëst dag in dis yaar - 今日いすだ暑たすと日中ん此年 - today is the hottest day in this year

These forms are sometimes used on adjectives of non-Germanic origins, but its use is largely restricted to Germanic adjectives.

Due to the large amount of Japanese words in Urban Basanawa, there are also na-adjectives in Urban Basanawa. In Urban Basanawa, all na-adjectives are ended with -na(-な) or -no(-の), the -na(-な) and -no(-の) are dropped when these adjectives are used predicatively:

* en okubiyow-na kuroneko - 一ん臆病な黒猫 - a timid black-cat.
* dë kuroneko is okubiyow - だ黒猫いす臆病 - the black-cat is timid.

the -no(-の) ending can also be used for possessive adjectives.

==Words==
===Pronouns===

====personal pronouns====
Pronouns have cases, but the usage of subject pronouns is declining, and many dialects don't use subject pronouns at all.

1st person singular:
*subject: ik(吾)
*object: mi(我)
*genitive: my/minë(我い/我ん)

2nd person singular:
*subject: du(汝)
*object: di(爾)
*genitive: dy/dinë(爾い/爾ん)

3rd person singular:
*subject it(彼と)(inanimate)/hi(彼)(animate)
*object: it(彼と)(inanimate)/ien(彼ん)(animate)
*genitive: is(彼す)

1st person plural:
*subject: wi(我等)
*object: us(我等す)
*genitive: aus/ur~aur(我等す/我等る)
*subject/object(in some dialects): mi allër(generic or exclusive)/yumi(inclusive, from yu+mi)

2nd person plural:
*subject: yi(汝等)
*object: yu(爾等)
*genitive: yur(爾等る)

3rd person plural:
*subject/object: allër/sie(彼等)
*genitive: ier(彼等る)

reflexive: self(己)(also used with the genitive form of other pronouns)

for some personal pronouns, there were emphatic forms:

1st person singular:
*object: my

2nd person singular:
*subject: dau
*object: dy

1st person plural:
*object: aus

====demonstratives====

*this: dis/dit(此)
*that: dat(彼)
*these: dese(此す)
*those: die(彼い)
*here: hier(ひいる/此る)
*there: daar(だある/彼る)
*the(definite article): dë(だ)

====interrogative pronouns====

*who: wee(誰い)
*what: wat(何と)
*when: wan(何ん)
*where: wor(をる/何る)/war(わる/何る)
*how: hau(はう/何う)
*why: wai/warum(わい/何い)
*which: wilk(ゐるﾟく/何く)
Interrogatives are not used to start relative clauses when there are antecedents.

===Numerals===
# 1: een/en(一)
# 2: twee(二)
# 3: dree(三)
# 4: fier(四)
# 5: faif/fimf(五)
# 6: sex(六)
# 7: sevën(七)
# 8: acht(八)
# 9: negën(九)
# 10: ten(十)
# 11: elvën~elf(十一)
# 12: twelf(十二)
# 13: dreetin(十三)
# 14: fiertin(十四)
# 15: fiftin(十五)
# 16: sextin(十六)
# 17: sevëntin(十七)
# 18: achtin(十八)
# 19: negëntin(十九)
# 20: twentig(二十)
* 30: dreetig(三十)
* 40: fiertig(四十)
* 50: fiftig(五十)
* 60: sextig(六十)
* 70: sevëntig(七十)
* 80: achtig(八十)
* 90: negëntig(九十)
* hundred: hundërd(百)
* thousand: dausënd(千)

* ordinal number marker: -t/-ët(番)

For ordinal numbers, first and second have special forms:
* first: erst(一番)
* second: odër(二番/他る)(also means "other", the regular form "twee-t" is also used)

===Conjunctions===
*when/if: wen(ゑん)
*if: ef(えふ)
*before: bëforë(ば前る/前る)
*after: aftër(後た)
*and: end/en(えん/又ん)
*or: ed/eddë(えだ)
*but: ack(あく)
*then/than: dan(だん)

===Content Words===
====Names of Months====
Urban Basanawa has two set set of names of months, one is Slavic-origin, the other is Japanese-origin, the set of the latin-derived calendar month names used in many western europe languages(like English) is not used in Urban Basanawa:

Japanese-origin:
# January: Mutzuki(睦月)
# February: Kisaragi(如月)
# March: Yayoi(弥生)
# April: Udzuki(卯月)
# May: Satzuki(皐月)/Sanaetzuki(早苗月)
# June: Minadzuki(水無月)
# July: Fumidzuki(文月)
# August: Hadzuki(葉月)
# September: Nagatzuki(長月)
# October: Kannadzuki(神無月)
# November: Shimotzuki(霜月)
# December: Shiwasu(師走)

Slavic-origin:
# January: Stitchen
# February: Luti
# March: Madjetz
# April: kvitchen
# May: Mai
# June: Tchervitz
# July: Lipitz
# August: Sherpin
# September: Vdjeshen
# October: Pazdjernik
# November: Listopat
# December: Grudjen

====Days of a week====
#Monday: maandag(月日)/getzuyowbi(月曜日)
#Tuesday: firedag(火日)/kayowbi(火曜日)
#Wednsday: waterdag(水日)/suiyowbi(水曜日)
#Thursday: wieddag(木日)/mokuyowbi(木曜日)
#Friday: golddag(金日)/kinyowbi(金曜日)
#Saturday: sobota/erddag(土日)/doyowbi(土曜日)*
#Sunday: sundag(日日)/nitchiyowbi(日曜日)
The word "sobota" is the most common term for saturday in Urban Basanawa

====Kinship terms====

*Father: fadër(父)
*Mother: modër(母)

The terms for sibling is rather complex in Urban Basanawa, comparable to that of Hungarian:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:200px; height:200px;"
|+ Siblings terms in Urban Basanawa
|-
!
! older
! younger
! unspecified
|-
! male
| ani(兄) || otowto(弟) || brodër(兄弟)
|-
! female
| ane(姉) || imowto(妹) || swestër(姉妹)
|-
! unspecified
| kakak(兄姉) || adik(弟妹) || gësibb(兄弟姉妹) brodër-swestër(兄弟姉妹) kakak-adik(兄弟姉妹)
|}

that means all the sentences below can be used to mean "Nepgear is the little sister of Nep-nep":
* Nepgear is dë swestër fon Nep-nep(specify the gender, but not the relative age)
* Nepgear is dë adik fon Nep-nep(specify the relative age, but not the gender)
* Nepgear is dë imowto fon Nep-nep(specify both the gender and the relative age)

Kinship terms are ususally borrowing-resistant items of the lexicon of a language, however, it is obvious that there are many Austronesian- and Japanese-derived kinship terms in Urban Basanawa, which may indicate the effect of substrate languages, and Japanese, which is usually seen as a superstratum of Urban Basanawa, may have also played a role as a substratum in the formation of Urban Basanawa.

==Similarities to English and other west-germanic languages==
While talking about things of the everyday life, Urban Basanawa does not differ much from other west germanic languages, except for the writing system:

* dë man is in dë Haus /də man is in də haus/ - だ男いす中んだ屋 - The man is in the house
* du hast twee kau /du hast twi: kau/ - 汝持すと二牛 - you have two cows
* dat is ne dy ball, it is my ball /dat is ne dai bal it is mai bal/ - 彼いす非爾い球、彼といす我い球 - that is not your ball, it is my ball.

Some sentences are even identical or near-identical to their counterparts in other west germanic languages:
* It is good. - /it is gu:t/ - 彼といす良ど - It is good.(similar to its counterpart in English when written in Oldwriting)
* My hand is in warm watër. - /mai hant is in warm watər/ - 我い手いす中ん温む水 - My hand is in warm water.(similar to its counterpart in English and Afrikaans when written in Oldwriting)
* Dat is en hund. - /it is en hunt/ - 彼いす一ん犬 - that is a dog(similar to its counterpart in Low German when written in Oldwriting)

But when it comes to more academic ideas, Urban Basanawa sometimes can be almost completely alien to speakers of other germanic languages:

* Bibunsekibungaku is dë kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku, it doo kenkiyuu bibunhow en sekibunhow /bibunsekibungaku is də kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku it du: kenkju: bibunho: en sekibunho:/ - 微分積分学いすだ基本的な部分ふぉん解析学、彼とどぅう研究微分法又ん積分法 - Calculus is the fundamental part of mathematical analysis, it researches differentiation and integration.

==Example sentences==
(Oldwriting - Basanawa-dji - English translation)
* Nepgear is en kawaii musume, Uni is ook en kawaii musume. - ネプギアいす一ん可愛い娘、ユニいすううく一ん可愛い娘。 - Nepgear is a cute girl, Uni is also a cute girl.
* Noire weepëd an dë svadba fon Nepgear en Uni, for Uni, dë imowto fon Noire, hat wordën dë hanayome fon Nepgear, dë imowto fon Nep-nep. - ノワール泣ぱど在んだ<ruby>結婚式<rp>(</rp><rt>svadba</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>ふぉんネプギア又んユニ、為るユニ、だ妹ふぉんノワール、はと成おるだんだ花嫁ふぉんネプギア、だ妹ふぉんねぷねぷ。 - Noire weeped at the wedding ceremony of Nepgear and Uni, for Uni, the little sister of Noire, has become the bride of Nepgear, the little sister of Nep-nep.

* Bunkatekina mixing en fërbettëring is dë dentow fon dë Urban Basanawa sprekërs. - 文化的な混しんﾟ又ん変る良たりんﾟいすだ伝統ふぉんだばさなわ話者す - Cultural mixing and enhancing is the tradition of the Urban Basanawa speakers.
* en Basa is en howgen mid en guntai en kaigun. - 一ん語いす一ん方言みど一ん軍隊又ん海軍 - A language is a dialect with an Army and Navy(אַ שפּראַך איז אַ דיאַלעקט מיט אַן אַרמיי און פֿלאָט)
* ne neme af my seiraafuku - ね脫む去ふ我いセーラー服 - Don't take off my sailor suit.
* hi saa en Unkenned Fleegend Oogenseinding an dë hemmel - he saw an UFO on the sky.

UDHR Article 1 in Urban Basanawa:
* All ningen sind born free en gelike in songen en rechts, sie sind geven mid risei en riyowshin, en shallen doo mid en-oder in en gest fon kinnigheid.(全るﾟ人間すぃんど生おるん自由いえん同く中ん尊厳えん権、彼等すぃんど与えわﾟんみど理性えん良心、えんしゃらﾟん為う互るﾟ中ん精神ふぉん親族にきﾟへいど) - All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Lord's prayer in Urban Basanawa:

Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食与うﾟと我等す今日
: 又ん赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えわ゜と我等之負者
: 又ん無率ど我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, geve to us fondag
: en fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergevet ur beshulders
: en ne leed us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho:p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho:p dai 'kiŋdom 'ko:m/
: /'ho:p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik an hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho: p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:vət ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en ne 'li:t us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/

The following Urban Basanawa sentences are same to the corrsponding sentences in some other languages in respect of both written forms and meanings:
* It is good.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English)
* My hand is in warm watër.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English and Afrikaans)
* Dat is en hund.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Low German)
* Oneitchan daisuki(お姉ちゃん大好き) - (when written in "Basanawa-dji", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Japanese)

==Notes==
<references />

[[Category:Germanic conlangs]]
[[Category:A posteriori conlangs]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

Our Father

2015-04-05T10:16:44Z

K1234567890y: /* Urban Basanawa */

'''Our Father''', also known as the '''Lord's Prayer''', is a widely-known prayer of Christianity. It is used by linguists and conlangers for comparing the differences between languages. In many cases it is also called the '''Pater Noster''' because of the widespread use of Latin in the Church. There are even [[Runes|Runic]] inscriptions in Latin along the lines of "say a Pater Noster for so-and-so's soul."

=Natlangs=
==[[Romance Languages]]==
===Latin===
:Pater noster, qui es in caelis:
:sanctificetur Nomen Tuum;
:adveniat Regnum Tuum;
:fiat voluntas Tua,
:sicut in caelo, et in terra.
:Panem nostrum cotidianum da nobis hodie;
:et dimitte nobis debita nostra,
:Sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris;
:et ne nos inducas in tentationem;
:sed libera nos a Malo.

===[[Spanish]]===
:Padre nuestro, que estás en los cielos,
:santificado sea tu Nombre;
:venga tu Reino;
:hágase tu Voluntad,
:así en la tierra como en el cielo.
:Nuestro pan cotidiano dánosle hoy;
:y perdónanos nuestras deudas,
:así como nosotros hemos perdonado a nuestros deudores;
:no nos dejes caer en tentación,
:mas líbranos del mal.
:Amén.

==[[Germanic languages]]==
===[[High German]]===
:Vater Unser im Himmel,
:Geheiligt werde Dein Name,
:Dein Reich komme.
:Dein Wille geschehe,
:Wie im Himmel, so auf Erden.
:Unser tägliches Brot gib uns heute,
:Und vergib uns unsere Schuld,
:Wie auch wir vergeben unseren Schuldigern.
:Und führe uns nicht in Versuchung,
:Sondern erlöse uns von dem Bösen.
:Denn Dein ist das Reich und die Kraft
:und die Herrlichkeit, in Ewigkeit.
:Amen.

===[[Dutch]]===
:Onze Vader,
:die in de hemelen zijt,
:geheiligd zij Uw naam.
:Uw rijk kome,
:Uw wil geschiede op aarde als in de hemel.
:Geef ons heden ons dagelijks brood,
:en vergeef ons onze schulden,
:gelijk ook wij vergeven aan onze schuldenaren.
:En leid ons niet in bekoring,
:maar verlos ons van het kwade.

===[[Modern English]] ELLC (1988)===
:Our Father in heaven,
:hallowed be your name,
:your kingdom come,
:your will be done,
:on earth as in heaven.
:Give us today our daily bread.
:Forgive us our sins
:as we forgive those who sin against us.
:Save us from the time of trial
:and deliver us from evil.
:[For the kingdom, the power, and the glory are yours
:now and for ever. Amen.]

===[[Early Modern English]] (1662 BCP)===
:Our Father, which art in Heaven,
:Hallowed be thy Name.
:Thy Kingdom come.
:Thy will be done,
:in earth as it is in Heaven.
:Give us this day our daily bread.
:And forgive us our trespasses,
:As we forgive them that trespass against us.
:And lead us not into temptation;
:But deliver us from evil.
:[For thine is the kingdom, The power, and the glory,
:For ever and ever.] Amen.

===[[Middle English]]===
:Fader ure ðatt art in hevene blisse,
:Ðin hege name itt wurðe bliscedd,
:Cumen itt mote ði kingdom,
:Ðin hali wil it be al don,
:In heven and in erðe all so,
:So itt sall ben ful wel ic to;
:Gif us alle one ðis dai,
:Ure bred of iche dai,
:And forgive us ure sinne,
:Als we don ure wiðerwinnes:
:Leet us noct in fondlinge fall,
:Ooc fro ivel ðu sild us alle. Amen.

===[[Anglo-Saxon]]===
:Fæder ūre, þū eart on heofonum:
:sī þīn nama ȝehāȝlod.
:Tōbecume þīn rīce.
:Ȝeƿeorþe þīn ƿilla
:on eorþan sƿāsƿā on heofonum.
:Ūre dæȝhƿāmlican hlāf sielle ūs tō dæȝe.
:And forȝief ūs ūre ȝyltas
:sƿāsƿā ƿē forȝiefaþ ūrum ȝyltendem.
:And ne ȝelǣd þū on costnunȝe,
:ac ālīes ūs of yfele.

===[[Norwegian]]===
:Fader vår, du som er i himmelen!
:Helliget vorde ditt navn;
:komme ditt rike;
:skje din vilje,
:som i himmelen, så og på jorden;
:gi oss idag vårt daglige brød;
:og forlat oss vår skyld,
:som vi og forlater våre skyldnere;
:og led oss ikke inn i fristelse;
:men fri oss fra det onde.
:For riket er ditt,
:og makten og æren i evighet.
:Amen.

==[[Celtic Languages]]==

===[[Proto-Gallo-Brythonic]]===
:Asron atīr, esti·i̯o eni nemesi,
:noibos buu̯et tou anu̯an,
:ro·to·aχsāt tou rīgi̯on
:u̯reχtus tou au̯illos
:u̯or talamoni samalī eni nemesi.
:Asron baragon petidīi̯ācon dā snūs sindīu̯on.
:Matu̯ī snūs asron dligetā,
:samalī i̯on matu̯imos asron dligeti̯obo,
:ne·c snīs wede dū u̯osagitē,
:eχtos snīs dīlunge au u̯allū.
:Amen.

=Conlangs=

Feel free to add Lord's prayer in your conlangs' version here.

==[[Aingeljã]]==
Nou Pare, qwe ets nou cell, 
qwe santificat eh vou nome, 
qwe vene a nos vou reixĩ. 
Qwe eh façata va voluntà, 
tant na terra com nou cell. 
Donat-nus hogge nou pã qwotiggãn 
e pardonat-nus nas ofensas, 
com tantbain nos pardonèms qwĩns ofensen-nus. 
E nõ deixat-nus cadre na tentazõn 
e lluwerat-nus dou Mal. 
Amain. 

==[[Altherkin Itak]]==
[[File:Our_Father_-_Altherkin_Itak_-_Script_4.JPG]]

:Jia'meh Abbous Jeon'yajeo naebu de, namaewae Yi beilahjeon ang de.
:Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi beilah.
:Jikan fotei, dei'fover Yi werben no Jeo e'ea Jeon'yajeo naebu.
:Deikan ima e'ea deikan'mej, lat warei kae'a jia'meh nimo.
:Luswerzya luswer jia'meh paliya. Warei ahsu luswer luswerzya dei'fover nyan.
:Yi beilah nei warei jianxi werben dili, da'a'te Yi warei proteto detei luswer paliya.
:(Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi ang de, ta Jeonji, e'ea ta pa'a'me, por jikan fotei mej.)
:Ohmaen

:Our Father Heaven inside is, name you holy it is.
:Land of God your exist.
:Time future, intent you act of Earth and Heaven inside.
:Today and every day, To us bread our give.
:Forget sins our please. We their sin forget intend also.
:You "To be" no us cause "to act" bad, but you us protect from sin please.
:(Land of God yours it is, The divine power, and the glory, for time future all.)
:Amen

[http://www.facebook.com/v/2682096943833 Hear it read by Motonjia (external Link)]

==[[Arkhæn | Arkhæn]]==
A Prayer to The Psynecerion, a polytheistic "Lord's Prayer" equivalent in the religion of Kareigăn-Hæx religion.

=== Modern Arkhæn Alkavăht Script ===
[[File:Arkhaen_Lordprayer.PNG]]

=== Romanized: ===
:Keir præhăm mhe jzakar Yfikt Sehri,
:Hoth amăn khăma taiku Hæx, ara Gaateni
:Keir amăn ir ăndrgaaten, keir flær dhe vari, mhe garăm deru cogan dhe miyar kædi
:Mhe kariar ăz i ăn ara zeidu joirk ak mhe mujes jzakar haqeinan dhe hjaani
:Măhdi keir suod zăn hoth adr, măhdi keir anămi zăn hoth adr,
:Mhe ghejz haqeinan zuk i ăn ăhsl dyhijoi
:Măhdi hoth gaate qajoi dyhijoi mhe mujes jzakar kanrqeinăn avarkhe
:Măhdi ăhsl mhe takad kăhkănen dhe jzakar ræhi dhe hjaani ak dhe jzakr Kareigăn-Hæx.
:Aze Takădi!

=== Translation: ===
:We pray to the Perfect Ones,
:They who came from Six, our creators
:We who are subservient, we ask of them, to lend us some of their strength
:To carry on our daily tasks and to keep the balance of nature
:May we live as they do, may we die as they do, to bring balance upon all worlds
:May they create more worlds to drive the imbalance away.
:May all to be enlightened of the ways of nature and of the Original Six.
:Aze Takadi! (both a greeting gesture as well as a sort of "amen")

==[[The World|Avantimanisc]]==
:Oure fadêr that be yn heuenerihhe;
:sende ye-hallawet thin namô;
:cwem te thin rihhdomaz;
:sende thin wellez ye-dôn swo yn medwaralde swo yn heuenam;
:yef ôs on te daye oure ĳelckday susteynavant;
:ande ôs foryef oure detes,
:swo we foryef te oure detendam;
:ande ne lîth ôs nouwt te thon castynge,
:but framward-ôs-lôs fram euele.

==Esperanto==
:Patro nia, kiu estas en la ĉielo,
:sanktigata estu Via nomo.
:Venu Via regno.
:Fariĝu Via volo,
:kiel en la ĉielo, tiel ankaŭ sur la tero.
:Nian panon ĉiutagan donu al ni hodiaŭ.
:Kaj pardonu al ni niajn ŝuldojn,
:kiel ankaŭ ni pardonas al niaj ŝuldantoj.
:Kaj ne konduku nin en tenton,
:sed liberigu nin de la malbono.
:(Ĉar Via estas la regno kaj la potenco
:kaj la gloro eterne.)
:Amen.

==[[Háfrig]]==
:Kes Etâr, qwin il eskáleo ri,
:genomentuz i missild,
:offimmoz i tis agenir,
:geroz i tis élekk,
:léda l-eskálio, śo l-edzúroro si.
:Forventikál vekánandum dontiz káj píl,
:et offűliz i bêtgánandu,
:léda ke s’ offűlam i h-inóvand bêtdífendo.
:E gin véliz kum kojsitána,
:ak gemojgiriz i vultími.
:(Dé tis i h-agenir, i forrel e l-iskür forvenâk.)
:Roz ö-gen.

==Lojban==
:doi cevrirni.iu noi zvati le do cevzda do'u fu'e .aicai .e'ecai lo do cmene ru'i censa
:.i le do nobli turni be la ter. ku se cfari
:.i loi do se djica ba snada mulno vi'e le cevzda .e .a'o la ter.
:.i fu'e .e'o ko dunda ca le cabdei le ri nanba mi'a
:.i ko fraxu mi loi ri zu'o palci
:.ijo mi fraxu roda poi pacyzu'e xrani mi
:.i ko lidne mi fa'anai loi pacyxlu
:.i ko sepri'a mi loi palci
:.i .uicai ni'i loi se turni .e loi vlipa .e loi mi'orselsi'a cu me le do romei
:fa'o

==[[Anoé]]==

:,nul-((fuuilat-en-ia)-él-éltil)

:efma-en-ve fi-atfalit tléé

:((tintom-en-ve fi-ulaat tléé

:uuifó-en-ve fó-én-aé)

:an-(Earth)-fn-(al-ló-él-éltil)).

:,ve ie-aile-ufuium li-aten-óf-(ailu)-at-ia.

:,ve felien-en-ia éliuón-at-ia

:nif-(ia én-(laéen ia feliu) éliuón-at-al.

:,ve ia erian-ól-(ésélit-en-uilien)

:tléé ve ia erian-sééld.

:(fan ól-tintom tlé ól-élein tlé ól-aliaten (al-en-ve al

:ló-(et-tlé-néf)). ,fti-ló.)

==Classical Longrimol==
{{seealso|Longrimol}} by [[User:Longrim|Longrim]]

:Adhorom nedhúrer
:airalichy raivog
:therdhäil darandorog
:dhánäilichy malfog
:márchan nedhúrer
:gweltheljbantho-m'il
:jaldhtharvo-m'il
:oi thärvim mênjäldhim
:dhulro-m'il glastainúlong
:dhulro-m'il gruidhong.

:[find i dharandr-og cambadh-og asdago-og cwildhríl. Emín.]

==Classical Arithide==
{{seealso|Classical Arithide}} by [[User:Denihilonihil|Eugene]]
{{seealso|Arithide Sample Text Corpus}}

{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" width="66%"
|-
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Classical Arithide
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Late Classical Arithide
|-
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rignā, zōon saluminnum, histamosit illos ays. Egēra lisgas ays. Reskerosit deiros ays, halagum saluminnumena. Rignor emereto haror omer krerērō, a kansārērō irige syndrē, rīgisae syndirēnēs kansārena. On rege avgērērō thiftiae, nege rege magārērō vokirōn. Amen.
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rikin, saluminnum hero, histamesit illos ayn. Egura lisgas ayn. Reskeresit deiros ayn, halaginnum saluminnumena. Rikin emnatir haro omnat kreruras, nam kansaruras rīkae syndrē, rikisyndoris syndirēnēs kansariena. On riko avlataguras orgrei, nege riko magāruras vokyrōn. Amen.
|}

==Ellesklavan==
{{seealso|Ellesklavan}}

:vidrömü, ci eu en éfni,
:aolé eu tli nömü.
:tli řoyamü viyen.
:tli sřay eu fazi,
:en teřya é ža eu en éfni.
:dono no sé širu pasirana kotined.
:éti frocefi no trégepaseniran,
:kön no frocefi elehli ci trégepaseni kontri no.
:éti neu kleřtni pa no ostü betnosü;
:mé délifeř no dé džharag.
:(porceu lešé eu lé řoyamü, lé pufovřir, éti lé kloriyen,
:por tu éti tu) amné.

== Teeverb Kuluxem ==
{{seealso|Teeverb Kuluxem}}

Teeverb Kuluxem:

:Tuchomat Kulonar:
:Padre keeyuhn infadia, uba' nio shuuran,
:Tunatma kuyuhn echa' tubonflaken.
:Yaco-ubhiemna tukinglak kunoi tuyumya,
:Shem yaco-ubfin tupaj kunoi,
:Nio shutereen sima nio shuuran.
:Pal-ubofero tukwam kudiama kuval alt sheeyuhn;
:Shem pal-ubforglan teeyuhn sima okforglan teeotheeno;
:Vo pal-ubleedha teeyuhn alt shutemapta,
:Kief pal-ubforma okvan vaeem shupekitat;
:Tukinglak shem tufuertlas shem tuglameeka eshadda kunoi.
:Amen

Translation:

:The prayer of the Lord:
:The Father of Ours, who is in Heaven,
:Your name is great.
:Bring your kingdom here,
:And accomplish your plan,
:On Earth the same as in Heaven.
:Give us the food of this day;
:Forgive us the same as we forgive others;
:Do not lead us to temptation,
:But force us to go away from evil;
:The glory, the power and the glory are your's.
:Amen

==Thorsutian==
{{seealso|Thorsutian}}

:Man baset, cus ёd nё parasje,
:ёsmardzsёn ёdur xjen zavke.
:Xjen mёbraţje rikas.
:Xjen zsёdu çozid,
:ёn toke siç ёd tho parasjud.
:Jat maţu ked ord man vorje bucje.
:E ţalis maţu man funёbartiv,
:siç maţ ţalёmi çadёk cus funёbart kurda maţu
:E pron maţu nok tho ёnarzsud,
:pas shonah maţu el necud,
:(ţa xjen ёl mёbraţi, uuzs, e strirren,
:ţa dadarma e dadarma.)
:Amen

==Tauro-Piscean==
{{seealso|Tauro-Piscean language}}

:Tet Fedä ëleêses, wa zï in Heofonem,
:¡Letan tet Namen janes clenê bean!
:Tet Kïnedom janes kum.
:¡Letan tet Willê janes dodê bean,
:Et Eëtenem tonnê in Heofonem!
:¡Jefan ëleêsen tode tet jedewamliken Bräden!
:¡And fëjefan ëleêsen te Jïêlten,
:Tonnê ëleês fëjef kvinem, dass makê Jïêlten!
:¡And ledan ëleêsen nat in Kostnungen,
:Ak beëjan ëleêsan fram Ïfeêlem!
:[Tï janes zï tet Kïnedom, tet Mït and tet Wöldë,
:To efä nes efä.] Sotlikê.

It is worth noting that the Tauro-Piscean language evolved into the (New) West Germanic language below.

==West Germanic==
{{seealso|West Germanic language}}

:Uɍę Ąldoɍ, tu tąt is in ħjovonųm,
:Si tin namę halaɉ.
:Kumę tin riŧę,
:Maŧiǫn tin wįleǫn up eɍdųm ék swa in ħjovonųm.
:Uɍę daɉliŧ lafǫn gįvǫn us todaɉ,
:ǫnd foɍgįvǫn us uɍę ſųldzǫn ék swa we foɍgįf uɍę ſųldaɉǫn.
:Ǫnd faɍǫn tu ųn in ħjan kǫstnųnðǫn, ak luzǫn ųn uvęlęnę.
:[Ųmbętąt tin is tąt riŧę, tąt miħt ǫnd tąt wųldoɍ,
:ąvɍweɍd eŧę.]
:Sodliŧę.

==Vityng by [[User:Schlaier|Schlaier]]==
{{seealso|Vityng}}
{{seealso|Vityng our Father}}

:fæðirr óssa, hvem ar i himinn
:nama þinn ver hǽlge
:kónungrikk þinn ver gaður
:øskja þinn ver skaftur
:an eorð og sva i himinn.
:ǿssi gefar dægglykur brǿð óssa, þessa dagg.
:og synni óssa grætar óss
:sva varr grætum þætt ƕað skap synni an ǿssi
:i nǿðen lǽðarna óss
:og fram yfil takar óss.
:sænnlykur.

==Nytal==
{{seealso|Nytal}}
{{seealso|Nytal biblical texts}}

:Babu ni la, ki ad’jo ju ojl 
:Ni la a’šijnt noym Ok 
:Nori sliknost Ok 
:Ni la a’nut ehoj Ok 
:Iknijt ju ojl, Iknijt sjep bajus vsi 
:Ole tyahri er ni la ejs ni la 
:A vlup er ni la le finans ni la 
:Iknijt gek ni la a’vlup er le mefinanser ni la 
:A ta nenijt ni la ka medoljem 
:U vrij ni la de olim 
::Amen

==Lánc==
{{seealso|Lánc}}

:Vojun nát, eráv bálot
:Townon úk svútutolas
:Townon krišpót atja
:Townon šalja toljas
:Džú bálot džu pánot
:Lakfadžo vojay vojunon banfadžáro bágwo kál
:Ši vojay vojunyojon plačoy gwalč
:Džu vój vojunyajon plajačanay mijo gwalčen
:Ši vojo onás gorávtjámás ét majv
:Ýbo vojo ód ono gráwno nálutol.
:Amen

==[[Leet_Speak|L337 5q34Ҟ]]==

:0ύЯ ph4th3r N ん3\/N,
:L33+ 1z ur N￥m,
:ur Ӄ1n6|)0mz h3Я3 nao,
:u 90んん4 cl00 vv47 u w4んん4 cl00,
:0n 34r+ん L13k n ん3\/N.
:L37z 34+ 2d4y l13k d4 07hЯ d31,
:461v h0w3r fragz & pks plz,
:& wii vv1LL 461v3 d4 w0nz dat phr4993d u5.
:$4v3 uz phr0m d4 fl00d,
:& 41$0 phr0m d4 L337 3v!|_.
:4ym3んz.

==Lišěč==
{{seealso|Lišěč}}
{|
|
:<center>'''''Latin alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Fial Ipa, ktõr õłokotë tajväka
:sanktakammë leel nimien
:mënnajast leel küningrik
:tĕdaekemmë leel vylen
:śo tajväka, śo mälmake
:đnes antajatë fiam đnesmasen lĕjpäen
:õnt fergepejetë fial velkĕnesen
:śo fi fergepekemmë fial velketelnesem
:õnt ĕłi oğiatojotë ferśukedenë
:õnt svobõdojotë fian pakadaţë
:Amen
||
:<center>'''''Cyrillic alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Фиал Ипа, ктõр õљокотё тайвäка
:санктакаммё леел нимиен
:мённайаст леел кÿнингрик
:тĕдаекеммё леел вылен
:зо тайвäка, зо мäлмаке
:ћнес антайатё фиам ћнесмасен лĕйпäен
:õнт фергепейетё фиал велкĕнесен
:зо фи фергепекеммё фиал велкетелнесем
:õнт ĕљи ођиатойотё ферзукеденё
:õнт свобõдойотё фиан пакадаθё
:Амен
|}

==Keβag==
{{seealso|Keβag}}

:Fät man, lë beş ë pöt taɸ ë nheμet'
:lo seintsat ë seɸot'u ðo
:qeşa e dewönhoxul ðo
:ër sat'a ë pełäk do
:aże taɸ ë nheμet', aże taɸ ë nhujm'
:ovinë manheşë ekys ë nałecu ekyşoru μan
:cë danosë en μyg μan
:lo danos aże en μyɣocuv μan
:cë μë phonë manhëm taɸ ë rhejżaxaş
:aca püksatё manhëm renh e-ekwaň.
:Amen

==Teycil==
{{seealso|Teycil}}
:Paycil, jsomnajs hœjcoir væ
:zulev jsuveno lea
:ga ayro bolmadanev
:malev nā lea
:jsomnajs me ehrenajs
:moljga luie molojzunour mujxel ga beih
:me jqœnūl ga gjrebeih
:polajs-ajga jqœnosæcūl gjrebō lea
:me pîrojgīne xo le ga doikot vā
:tu jræsīne jcon le ga jzineih vā
:Amēn

==Nician==
{{seealso|Nician}}

:'''Il nost pat'''

:Il nost pat, chi ses nis ceis,
:Saintifcat sie’l tu nom.
:Venì’l tu regn.
:Se face la tue volontat,
:Nis ceis com sope la terre.
:Oz dànos il nost pan cottizan.
:E dimìttenos is nosts dèvits,
:Com ezze nos dimittius ais nosts devitoes.
:E n’indùcenos in teumtazion,
:Veò lìveanos da male.

==Brithenig==

:Nustr Padr, ke sia i llo chel,
:sia senghid tew nôn,
:gwein tew rheon,
:sia ffaeth tew wolont,
:syrs lla der sig i llo chel.
:Dun nustr pan diwrnal a nu h-eidd;
:e pharddun llo nustr phechad a nu,
:si nu pharddunan llo nustr phechad.
:E salw nu di'll temp di drial,
:mai llifr nu di'll mal.
:Per ill rheon, ill cofaeth e lla leir es ill tew, per segl e segl.

==Kerno==

:a Phazeoir Nusteor que bias 'n y ceues;
:foreth noef il tew nom;
:gouenyes il tew camouils;
:foreth fès la teva gouoluntáts
:en lâ derra cuomo 'ny ceues;
:danos-el osdia le nusteor panèn cuotidièn;
:dimeti y nusteor dheuz
:cuomo dimitemus ai nusteor dheutoeres;
:et ne nus attrayer rhen al tentación,
:mays eliveránus des val.

==Old High Jermench==

:fatzar nôstar cî es in câlîs
:seiaz cunsantzîts noum twou
:wienaz rin twou
:seiaz cundahtûts wuontzats twâ
:siht in câl ah in zerra
:fân nôstar côsitân ta nous houd
:ez ferdouna nous ôdsa nôstra
:siht ez nus ferdounams ôdintîs nôstrîs
:ez nei nus intûtzas in zinhôn
:mâhs liura nus tei mâl

==Talarian==

:elemtilenopâtar
:sánctyata tawas xonomar-ca-he
:wewóytâ hanirfanar-ca-he
:pepelewórkâ tawas walar-ca-he
:hostanuššexomani-han-he
:elemtileno-han-he
:tatâhyata-me tâlcoteyel támtar-ca-he
:ffaffalyata-me mesas taipallanar-ca-he
:ffalmá cam taipallanar-ca-he
:anhaharxanyata-me çalarswwalana-ca-he
:roromyata-me tusar-te-he. Omen.

:Heavenly Father
:and blessed-be thy name
:and realised-be spiritual-Rest
:and fullydone-be thy will
:and Middle-World-in-the
:and Heavens-in-the
:and give us each-day godly-gift-the
:and wash us our spiritual-separation
:and we wash their spiritual-separation
:and burden-not us heavenly-adjudication-by
:and guide us evil-out-from

==LΙΝҀΟΥΑ LΟΥϹΑΡ / Loucarian==

:ΝЄΜЄΤ ϚΟϚΠЄІΤΟ ΠѠΔΙϹ ῙϹ ϹΑΤΑ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ : ЄΤΤΙ ΠЄJЄΤΟ ῙϹ:
:ЄΝΑΜϜЄΡϜЄΡ ΤΙΜ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ ϹΟΥΔЄΙЄΡЄ ΙϹΑ:
:ΑΒΒΑ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЄΝ ϚΑΜΑΥΑΝΑΜ ΝΑ
:ϘЄΔΔЄϹ ΑL ΝΟΜΟΝ ΔΙ ΤΙΜЄΤ
:ϚѠΠΠЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΟΥΜΜЄΝ ΔΙ ΤΙ ΠѠΔЄϘϹ ΦЄϹΤΙΝΑΜ
:ΟΥΤΤΑΤΟ ϜΑΔ ΑL ΑLΦΑϹ ΔΙ ΤΙ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΤΙΡ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΠΑΡΑΔЄΙϚΙΑΜ
:ϹϜЄΡϹΑΡЄ ΤΙ ΑΔΙϹ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЮΤΙΜ ΑL ΠΟΥΝΤΙΜ ϹΑϚϹΟΥΜНΝЄϹ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ
:ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΑL ΙϹΑΙϹΑ ΝΟΒΟΝ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ϘΟΥЄΜ ΝΑϹ ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΑΜΑΔЄΡΑΜ ΔΙ ΝЄϚϚЄΡ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔΟΥϹЄΡЄ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔΙϹ ΠЄΙΡΑϚΜΟΜ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔН ϹѠΙΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔ ΙΝJΟΥΔΙϚϚΙΑΜ. ѨΜΙΝ.

:They ask to Jesus concerning to pray; and said Jesus:
:Whenever you pray say this:
:Father of us in-heaven-in
:holy the name of you
:become the heavenly-realm of you with fast
:go done the will of you as in the earth as in the paradise
:give you towards us today the bread of-everyday of us
:wipe-away you the this-here sin of us as we wipe-away the sinship of them
:do-not lead us towards temptation
:do-not but put you us to trial. amen.

==(Modern) Ialacian==

:Yamono Fadatheudeur inmiso hedeveudeun,
:leteyim no nekem bi aneurshta.
:Leteyim no kidingdeudeum kam,
:leteyim kiena waonteyim fu hapeun bi dushta
:onmiso eukeurtheu asoru biya dushta inmiso hedeveudeun.
:Giveyim pamo tisoneun yamono neunlimiso beurekedeu.
:Forgiveyim pamo aru yamono sikinsi
:jesteumiso asoru haveyamo alsorumiso forgiveushta taseto kien sin agensteumiso pamo.
:Kipeyim pamo feurommiso faollinggeu intumiso sikin kienu biyamo tempeushta.
:Seiveyim pamo feurommiso lo iveulmung in;
:foru lo kidingdeudeum, lo padauweudeur, toru lo geulodoridi bi yimno, forueveurmiso. Amen.

==(Modern) Avelian==

:Camo no Fadatheudeur inmiseot hedeveudeun,
:cim letnida no netem bimnida-aneurnidayo.
:Cim letnida no kidingdeudeum kamao,
:cim letnida kimnat weontnida hapeunao bimnida-dumnidayo
:onmiseot euteurtheu cometeo ca bimnida-dumnidayo inmiseot hedeveudeun.
:Cim givnida camo koretien camo no tienlimiseot beureted.
:Cim forgivnida camo ateo camo no sitin
:jestmiseot cometeo camo alsuteomiseot forgivnijiyo il kim sinnida agenstmiseot camo.
:Cim kipnida camo feurommiseot feolshao intumiseot sitin kimnut camo bimnida-tempnidayo.
:Cim seivnida camo feurommiseot iveulmang il;
:feteo kidingdeudeum, padauweudeur, kuteo geulodoridi biseo cim no, kuteoeveurmiseot. Emen.

==Bu'ochia==

:Njosto padrón, kia asta an chiellium
:Chea sjen nom asta sancituri
:Chea sjen raliam venvi
:Chea sjen volosón asta naochi
:Ser terrum sem ser chiellium
:Dunnavi-noasta azi njosto pani je chachi uro
:Pardanvi njostosi ovenchuvati
:Ser noasta pardunomós achi ere ellum kia noasta uvos ovensuvasa
:Lel nen noasta inducha teminotium
:Masi leberani noasta ochje malum.
:Aminan

==[[Nyenglisk]]==

:Ár faður ín hevinað,
:Halóað er þín nam,
:þín kingdom kome,
:þín vil er makað,
:on erðað as ín hevinað.
:Give víð tilda ár dali bred.
:Forgive víð, ár sina
:As ví forgive þata, som sin eje víð
:Save ví fro tímiðum af trialað
:o delive ví fro ývilað
:[For kingdomiðum, páeriðum, o glóríðum er þíns ná o for evur. Amen.]

==[[Solaric]]==

:Fòrr ewo nhebn,
:neem Yöö yehöle,
:rüü Yöö yesiwoikèm
:weu Yöö yesiwoigeedü
:nadwol loi nhebn.
:yügevusye daalebreed ewo tadee.
:Yüfgevus eemyesen ewo,
:loi wifgevem daa deesen ngeets us.
:Yüseevys frè jentaam,
:an yübrengus frè ivu.
:[Kèz ödrüü, edpawo, 'n odgloi deeyööz
:nyo 'n freve. Amen.]

==Intrekómi==
:Món Pápa ínno ávno,
:ton nomí es holíninó,
:ton ressilénto komí,
:Te hi esóno finí,
:ono l’Érti se ínno ávno.
:Áttū ma’ món díni bréto sedí.
:Forgívū món sína per mas
:se ma forgíva la pópla ki sí kon mas.
:Sévū mas de l’hóro di triálo
:ve delíverū mas de la vílo.
:[Per la ressilénto, la póvro, ve la glóro es ton
:adéssi ve per etérni. Ámen.]

==Theudo==
:Than pár ágí,yrth thí inn yln,
:yrth than avn ádích ogam,
:Kumadth than unkrig ádích,
:Mymeridth than abad ádích,
:Onn jorder ek inn yln.
:Gefathí égí than yndé broth ágí
:ug yrdylathí égí thaí egání ágí,
:ek yrdylath égí étí dach égánath alyn égí.
:ug dá burdithí égí dá díchossen,
:ach durthí égí am drogh.
:[Lí yrth sy than unkrig ádích, than ubres ug than gylá. Líny ug y. Amen]

==[[Sandic]] (Kémani)==
:Pé da aŵ pa lēyar,
:Daeyui obatara béenú pé,
:Béno pé obaféd,
:Wîc pé obatoka,
:Ó ba imprîâ obatokara ŵhé pa ân.
:Ŵian ta damdabin jémohnin otiab opétora,
:Ta lenadabin aŵin otiab opéfama,
:Ta kémabin, ŵiab opur, otiab opéfama.
:Ŵian opéneot ma ân aŵtewîc ân ma dabin lenain,
:A ŵiab frn wîc ân ma dabin akenoin opéjjémz.
:[Pa skra jébi- Ba imprîâ frn pé batara, iné wî ba béno, iné wî ba auzeract,
:Gre kala, jéb obatara,]
:Lēamian

==[[Dmezk]]==

:Boja,
:Pani morosza muno metsa
:Muno motsekune asza
:Urhdu murez munazi otso numira fujarez arhmede,
:ko drokesza murez numira lofurajizy,
:Kru murez drokesza murez furetez dusz lek e murez muteke.
:Ko furetez murez enu umz ki dorake.

==[[Parra]]==
{|
|
:<center>''Latin:''</center>
:Papa denes, ce da a seli,
:Noma dedi esi santo fa fara.
:Sarso dedi fa veni,
:Vola dedi esi fa fara, tanta a sinla, tanta a seli.
:Ves den, xat de den per nos dada,
:E debiti denes perona, tanta nos perona emedebiti denes.
:E a temta nos ne conduşu,
:Ma nos escer de saló fara. Amén
||
:<center>''Cyrillic:''</center>
:Папа дэнэс кэ да а сэли,
:Нома дэди эси санто фа фара.
:Сарсо деди фа вени,
:Вола деди эси фа фара, танта а синла, танта а сэли.
:Вес ден, хат де ден пер нос дада,
:Э девити денес перона, танта нос перона эмэдебити денес.
:Э а тэмта нос нэ кондушу,
:Ма нос эскещэ дэ салӧ фара. Амӭн.
|}

==[[Kihā́mmic]]==
'''Kihā́mmic Millenium Bible'''

Gloss

'''9 Vámû náčûm hekóš fáz kašā́ etômá: mnốmô Dárat kétômô yû́n Yégkhāne sói, danamá tīdá sōramá séi.'''

9 You (n pl nom) have to (pres n pl) pray (inf) how (conj) according to (conj) this (f sing gen): our (m sing nom) Father (m sing nom) who (m sing nom) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (pres m sing), your (f sing nom) name (f sing nom) holy (f sing nom) be (pres f sing).

'''10 Ī́tnômô Yegašā́n ôfót, ī́tnûm yón lé Gántre yā́ yû́n Yégkhāne tróp verázamô.'''

10 Your (m sing nom) Kingdom (m sing nom) come (fut imp m sing), yours (m sing nom) on (prep) the (m sing prep) Earth (m sing prep) as (adv) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (fut imp m sing) do (past part m sing nom).

'''11 Klûrû́vû pā́dû yû́n étôme klûrét mámô stagaþố.'''

11 Daily (n sing nom) bread (n sing nom) on (prep) this (f sing prep) day (f sing prep) we (n pl all) give (imp m sing).

'''12 Yanošố mánômā solgkhámā yā́ mánômā solgkhonámā mámû yanû́m.'''

12 Pardon (imp m sing) our (m pl acc) debt (m pl acc) as (adv) our (m pl acc) debtor (m pl acc) we (n pl nom) pardon (pres n pl).

'''13 Ôyán nárstûnô mámā ôkradžôtố bán é ayán eutá mámā čulūtố paškomá ī́tnûm sói lố čanák é lố tūkál ə́tə tôvánə džā́zə. Amén.'''

13 To (prep) temptation (m sing all) we (n pl acc) lead (imp m sing) not (neg) and (conj) from (prep) evil (m sing abl) we (n pl acc) save (imp m sing) because (conj) yours (m sing nom) be (pres m sing) the (m sing nom) power (m sing nom) and (conj) the (m sing nom) glory (m sing nom) for (prep) all (m sing term) time (m sing term). Amen (adv).

==[[Hellingijø]]==
:anseraz faþiriz, hwaz in itim oranï biuziz,
:haggiðiz þinaz onamaz sijeza.
:þinaz bazilidomaz kwemiða,
:þinaz bulizi ana þe gerþi
:hwo ana þo oranï þuriða.
:anseraz hemerilikazini itini arþizi tohemeri gebeniza
:andi anseraz hamaritï sigihoriza,
:hwo wiz itini sundarï anagagin anziz sighoram.
:andi to itinø hagadomiziz de-agiza
:haldiz þinaz fram itinø ubiliziz siziza.
:amen.

==[[Aquarian]]==
:Ayter oosen, dar yas dh'indra,
:Wennick yas ya hennell ov;
:Erras a h-affy hoyrick ov;
:Voon erreth surrys;
:Ar channal, say ar indra.
:Acketh y'oos keenow gakeener scran os.
:Ga vargeth y'oos affickes os,
:Sinda chy a vargy heem dar affickash dhe goorth oos.
:Ga harrenneth y'oos nee dhe gunther;
:Madge nashneemeth y'oos oo leen.
:Amen.

==[[Tanrian]]==
:'''Patro Nostra''' - ''(a version)''
:Patro nostra, qui esta in ceal
:Santificat esta nomen teu
:Regno teu venira
:Voro teu sera fazut
:Sur Terra ca esta in ceal
:Donez a noi hodia nostra pan omnidia
:E ieştaz nostras debitos
:Ca ieştam nostras debitores
:E noi duçez non in tentazio,
:Ma noi liberaz del malezza.
:Amen

== [[Sdrawkcab]] ==

:Ruo rehtaf, ohw si ni nevaeh,
:Dewollah eb yht enam,
:Yht modgnik emoc,
:Yht lliw eb enod,
:No Htrae sa ti si ni Nevaeh
:Evig su siht yad ruo yliad daerb,
:Dna evigrof su ruo snis,
:Sa ew evigrof esoht ohw nis tsniaga su.
:Dael su ton otni noitatpmet,
:Tub reviled su morf live,
:Rof eniht si eht modgnik, eht werop dna eht yrolg,
:Rof reve dna reve,
:Nema!

==[[Bisla'ikh]]==

'''''In Bisla'ikh Script'''''
----

:Дӑтэвӑнђоҏю, ќерђКӑлэӑн,
:Овэеђэда кӑлэмӑнта,
:Ќоралусвађэда, ҏэвӑнђадтеђбува,
:Дежэђэда, гушанђэда, ҏантэнкђаҏђбувӑ,
:ГтюђЭҏпэх, лэкэнӑ скђКӑлэӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн левенӑ павђлучӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн сэќ спучӑшђэда,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн мусэнђэда,
:Ос лунӑмачэђэда скђоҏю эн мусэнђэда, ю мусэнђоҏюђбувӑ обаяђеда!
:Спрэнкђэдађбувӑ веж скђмӑлхӑнӑ, эмп cпрэнкђэдађбувӑ ҏобуђковӑтэ ос ҏобуђмӑлхӑнӑ!
:Аҏ Ќоралусвађэда, энугяђэда, сэќђэда,
:Яу сэќоҏу,
:Cпӑяђэду!

'''''In Roman Script'''''
----

:Dativan'orryu, xer'Kalian,
:Ovie'idu kalimanthu,
:Xorulirsvu'idu, rrivan'udthe'birva,
:Dezhi'idu, girshun'idu, rrunthing'urr'birva,
:Gthyu'Irrfikh, likina sg'Kalian,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in levena puv'lirchan,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in six sfirchash'idu,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu,
:Os lirnamuchi'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu, yu mirsin'orryu'birva obuya'idu!
:Sfring'idu'birva vezh sg'malkhana, imf sfring'idu'birva rrobir'kovati os rrobir'malkhana!
:Urr Xorulirsvu'idu, inirgya'idu, six'idu,
:Yair sixorrir,
:Sfaya'idir!

'''''Translation'''''
----

:Our father, in heaven,
:Your name is Sacred,
:Your kingdom, it comes,
:Your wants, your needs, they shall occur,
:On earth, similar to heaven,
:you give to us now the bread of life,
:You give to us all your compassion,
:You give to us now your forgiveness,
:and you teach to us forgiveness, so we will forgive as you!
:You will not lead us to evil, but you will lead us from temptation, and evil!
:they are your Kingdom, Your power, your all,
:For all time,
:I pray!

==[[Qi (Irfikian Language) | Qi]]==

The Prayer to Sola: The 'lord's prayer' equivalent in the Qilan religion of Solarriam

'''''Qi'a Script:'''''

[[File:Prayer_to_Sola.png]]

'''''Transliteration with Grammar points:'''''

:nalo'áf qi'no a'a so'la o'za no'ó-dá'ó
:''pray we to sola on day(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó da'sana'i lí'di qo'va
:''(adv)continuous shine his light''
:ni'vi'da lí'di vo'o'o qi'no va'lo si'í'i si'a qo'va si'a qo'novir
:''fill he lives our with joy and light and warmth''
:razina'lo'on lí'di va'siro'á na'la
:''bring forth he plants all!''
:fazi'i'os lí'di qa'a'vo'o-i'aza-dá'ó
:''sustain he herd(pl)(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó ni'vi'la'á lí'di va'lo si'zaroni'i qi'no
:''(adv)continuous provide he us with necessities our''
:a'a nazilo'o'a si'a ri'ad
:''to eternity and day''
:qa'asno'oq qi'no li'a'a
:''salute we you''
:va'la'a'í!
:''Prosper!''

'''''Proper translation:'''''

:We pray to sola on this day,
:That his light may continuously shine.
:May he fill our lives with joy, light and warmth
:May he bring forth all plants,
:May he sustain the herds
:May he continuously provide us with what we need
:For eternity and a day
:For we salute you
:Prosper!

==[[Volapük]]==
'''Volapük Rigik - Original Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binon paisaludomöz nem ola!
:Kömomöd monargän ola!
:Jenomöz vil olik, äs in sül, i su tal!
:Bodi obsik vädeliki givolös obes adelo!
:E pardolös obes debis obsik,
:äs id obs aipardobs debeles obas.
:E no obis nindukolös in tendadi;
:sod aidalivolös obis de bad.
:Jenosöd!

'''Volapük Nulik - New Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binol in süls! Nem olik pasalüdükonöd!
:Regän ola kömonöd!
:Vil olik jenonöd, äsä in sül, i su tal!
:Givolös obes adelo bodi aldelik obsik!
:E pardolös obes döbotis obsik,
:äsä i obs pardobs utanes, kels edöbons kol obs.
:E no blufodolös obis,
:ab livükolös obis de bad!
:(Ibä dutons lü ol regän, e nämäd e glor jü ün laidüp.)
:So binosös!

==Todamese==

By [[User:Xadrezo|xadrezo]]

:Meqas up thèladzh [mɛqas up θəladʒ]
:wedy qiv [wɛɟ qiv]
:wey ily [wɛj iʎ]
:odh wediv [ɔð wɛdiv]
:ladzhav thècc [ladʒav θəɕ]
:ow melcadzhapyitsh [ɔw mɛʟadʒapjitʃ]
:ow um ywethèmevits [ɔw um ɥɛθəmɛvits]
:èwh om udh ywethèdhevits [əʍ ɔm uð ɥɛθəðɛvits]
:ow kèm ywethèqgadily [ɔw kɛm ɥɛθəðɛɢadiʎ]
:èwh ow kèny fadzhiv [əʍ ɔw kəɲ fadʒiv]
:èq. [əq]

==[[Calcoradish]]==

[[File:Calcoradish sample text (Lord's prayer).jpg|500px]]

*Latin transcription
:Chém e starden

:Vem stár, edur sór agøis sym naeth; a yidur.
:Yidur dræs vem sǿdur e zøch vendur ǿl nabel.
:Yidur dræs vem volnadúr ol zøch vendur adenǽl.
:Yidur dræs vem lygor e zøch vendur nagǿl aver laghne, den andur aver naeth.
:Zøch fegois e odetol vem yidur codurnedem.
:Zøch adegois e cǽge edur yidur modelaer e chter, corem edur yidur adegedoer vem modenódel e agor yidur.
:Zøch dois gorendrǽl e yidur, em decæis yidur gór modhem.
:Volnadúr em voldor em graneth tordýr e zøch triondor.
:Amen.

==[[Labwese]]==
:Getuz-sovex'Vatu pwo njebex,
:getuz-detu'imje sanktifikate;
:riz-detu'Krolete xri sovex;
:faz-detu'Vile pwo zemlje kil pwo njebe.
:Siwodnja daz-detu sovex'xlote;
:e prastjez-detu sovex'deptex,
:kil prastjez-sovex sovex'deptekex;
:njok perlimjez-detu folz pwo temptatje,
:e rifekez-detu takuj ploxje.
:Amen.

==[[Mentolatian]]==
:zan paher, qua-dauv fí-jeuwof dauv og-quarmenom:
:our father, TOP.you, in the heavens you (be-)where

:nin-fêtyom quesam omfi-secchyom, perem fí-jeuwof i-dvan,
:down-gaze and about-look, from in heavens your,

:arjjaguz quesam cuscuw, dauv:
:blessed and lovely, you

:qua-varam pahera i-zan qua-dauv siyymnom quesam le-nes dauv khoelyos:
:TOP.truth father of us indeed you are and ACC.us you make.whole

:qua-náman i-dvan, yisam he arjjagmenem:
:TOP.name your, that-in.particular it (is) blessed

:qua-reget i-dvan, yisam he nin-wanmnem:
:TOP.realm your, that-in.particular it down-come

:qua-wallwan i-dvan, yisam he tintenmnem:
:TOP.will your, that-in.partic it be beautifully done

:nô ôg-jájomd og-qua-jwí-nô:
:as loc.Gea loc.TOP.Heavens as

:qua-sómat i-zan, cabyôm dauv le-he on-nes yiyi og-yi-sunnu:
:TOP.bread.for.the.day of us, give you ACC.it DAT.us that LOC.this.sun/day

:qua-erufezzí i-zan, nô suwatyôm dauv qua-nes, hessam nes suwatyos nô:
:TOP.sins of-us, as wash.clean you TOP.us, them we wash.clean as

:n-dlatem sem le-nes on-piscamat dauv:
:NEG.put NEG ACC.us DAT.trial you

:rats dlatem le-budem de-yi-tartar:
:quicker send ACC.evil to-that-yonder (away)

:n-wanmnem sem og-nes sem nenfâs.
:NEG.come NEG among-us no evil-doing

==[[Roguel]]==
[[File:Pater-noster-roguel.PNG]]
:Andon burcuetnya sigie burcuteget:
:Ronetlinete Attokorutyo,
:ansiradiyabek ec'ungut,
:onabek t'amanextangut,
:hanyiptabek lhardagut,
:ronde hanodeder.
:Unarihat pankorutit pirkoruma.
:Avelkorutna ripna,
:avelkepkorutna ripnakder.
:Pesadey dumirkorimat merey ik'adibikare.
:Guene t'amanextanek, hurotek, yomonek, kolganalnuk.
:Amen.

==[[Urban Basanawa]]==
Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食与うﾟと我等す今日
: 又ん赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えわ゜と我等之負者
: 又ん無率ど我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, geve to us fondag
: en fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergevet ur beshulders
: en ne leed us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho:p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho:p dai 'kiŋdom 'ko:m/
: /'ho:p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik an hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho: p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:vət ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en ne 'li:t us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/

=Alternative Writing System=
==[[Tower Orthography|Tawyr Oorthaagryfii]]==
*Erlii Maadyrn Ingglic (1662 BCP)
:Aur Fadhyr, witc art in Hevyn,
:Halood bii dhai Neem.
:Dhai Kingdym cym.
:Dhai wil bii dyn,
:in erth az it iz in Hevyn.
:Giv ys dhis dee aur deelii bred.
:And foorgiv ys aur trespasiz,
:Az wii foorgiv dhem dhat trespas ygenst ys.
:And liid ys naat intuu tempteetcyn;
:Byt dylivyr ys frym iivil.
:[Foor dhain iz dhy kingdym, dhy pawyr, and dhy gloorii,
:Foor ever and ever.] Amen.

==Mënk==
By [[User:Sam_s89|Sam_s89]]

*An alternative writing system for a Mancunian conlang, still in the early stages of development.
:Ë të-afse,
:Wah bÿ n Elÿsÿum,
:Fntastk bÿ je næm.
:Je tym kum
:Je wanh bÿ tun
:N ve Näf n Elÿsÿum.
:Gf wÿ ttæ ë clep
:N fegyf ë prÿfjus
:N wÿ ulfegyf veh wah prÿfjus wÿ
:N tunt sent wÿ nefe temcun
:But tlyfe wÿ frm ÿfyl
:[Fe Elÿsÿum, ve pë n glary bÿ ja, në n frefe]
:Ëmn

==[['Ingglish|Íngglish]]==
By [[User:Personak|personak]].

*King Dgeimzs Vurczén (King James Version)
:Aur fáadhur,
:Which aart in héeven,
:Háaloud bii dhai neim.
:Dhai kíngdem kuom,
:Dhai wil bii duon on Urth,
:Azs it izs in héeven.
:Giv uos dhis dei aur déiliy breed.
:And fourgív uos aur deets,
:As wii fourgív aur déeterzs.
:And liid uos not íntuu teemptéicsen,
:Buot delíver uos fruom íivel:
:Four dhain izs dhe kíngdem, and dhe páuwer, and dhe glóuriy, fouréver.
:Éimeen.

[[Category:Texts]]

Our Father

2015-04-05T10:06:10Z

K1234567890y: /* Roguel */

'''Our Father''', also known as the '''Lord's Prayer''', is a widely-known prayer of Christianity. It is used by linguists and conlangers for comparing the differences between languages. In many cases it is also called the '''Pater Noster''' because of the widespread use of Latin in the Church. There are even [[Runes|Runic]] inscriptions in Latin along the lines of "say a Pater Noster for so-and-so's soul."

=Natlangs=
==[[Romance Languages]]==
===Latin===
:Pater noster, qui es in caelis:
:sanctificetur Nomen Tuum;
:adveniat Regnum Tuum;
:fiat voluntas Tua,
:sicut in caelo, et in terra.
:Panem nostrum cotidianum da nobis hodie;
:et dimitte nobis debita nostra,
:Sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris;
:et ne nos inducas in tentationem;
:sed libera nos a Malo.

===[[Spanish]]===
:Padre nuestro, que estás en los cielos,
:santificado sea tu Nombre;
:venga tu Reino;
:hágase tu Voluntad,
:así en la tierra como en el cielo.
:Nuestro pan cotidiano dánosle hoy;
:y perdónanos nuestras deudas,
:así como nosotros hemos perdonado a nuestros deudores;
:no nos dejes caer en tentación,
:mas líbranos del mal.
:Amén.

==[[Germanic languages]]==
===[[High German]]===
:Vater Unser im Himmel,
:Geheiligt werde Dein Name,
:Dein Reich komme.
:Dein Wille geschehe,
:Wie im Himmel, so auf Erden.
:Unser tägliches Brot gib uns heute,
:Und vergib uns unsere Schuld,
:Wie auch wir vergeben unseren Schuldigern.
:Und führe uns nicht in Versuchung,
:Sondern erlöse uns von dem Bösen.
:Denn Dein ist das Reich und die Kraft
:und die Herrlichkeit, in Ewigkeit.
:Amen.

===[[Dutch]]===
:Onze Vader,
:die in de hemelen zijt,
:geheiligd zij Uw naam.
:Uw rijk kome,
:Uw wil geschiede op aarde als in de hemel.
:Geef ons heden ons dagelijks brood,
:en vergeef ons onze schulden,
:gelijk ook wij vergeven aan onze schuldenaren.
:En leid ons niet in bekoring,
:maar verlos ons van het kwade.

===[[Modern English]] ELLC (1988)===
:Our Father in heaven,
:hallowed be your name,
:your kingdom come,
:your will be done,
:on earth as in heaven.
:Give us today our daily bread.
:Forgive us our sins
:as we forgive those who sin against us.
:Save us from the time of trial
:and deliver us from evil.
:[For the kingdom, the power, and the glory are yours
:now and for ever. Amen.]

===[[Early Modern English]] (1662 BCP)===
:Our Father, which art in Heaven,
:Hallowed be thy Name.
:Thy Kingdom come.
:Thy will be done,
:in earth as it is in Heaven.
:Give us this day our daily bread.
:And forgive us our trespasses,
:As we forgive them that trespass against us.
:And lead us not into temptation;
:But deliver us from evil.
:[For thine is the kingdom, The power, and the glory,
:For ever and ever.] Amen.

===[[Middle English]]===
:Fader ure ðatt art in hevene blisse,
:Ðin hege name itt wurðe bliscedd,
:Cumen itt mote ði kingdom,
:Ðin hali wil it be al don,
:In heven and in erðe all so,
:So itt sall ben ful wel ic to;
:Gif us alle one ðis dai,
:Ure bred of iche dai,
:And forgive us ure sinne,
:Als we don ure wiðerwinnes:
:Leet us noct in fondlinge fall,
:Ooc fro ivel ðu sild us alle. Amen.

===[[Anglo-Saxon]]===
:Fæder ūre, þū eart on heofonum:
:sī þīn nama ȝehāȝlod.
:Tōbecume þīn rīce.
:Ȝeƿeorþe þīn ƿilla
:on eorþan sƿāsƿā on heofonum.
:Ūre dæȝhƿāmlican hlāf sielle ūs tō dæȝe.
:And forȝief ūs ūre ȝyltas
:sƿāsƿā ƿē forȝiefaþ ūrum ȝyltendem.
:And ne ȝelǣd þū on costnunȝe,
:ac ālīes ūs of yfele.

===[[Norwegian]]===
:Fader vår, du som er i himmelen!
:Helliget vorde ditt navn;
:komme ditt rike;
:skje din vilje,
:som i himmelen, så og på jorden;
:gi oss idag vårt daglige brød;
:og forlat oss vår skyld,
:som vi og forlater våre skyldnere;
:og led oss ikke inn i fristelse;
:men fri oss fra det onde.
:For riket er ditt,
:og makten og æren i evighet.
:Amen.

==[[Celtic Languages]]==

===[[Proto-Gallo-Brythonic]]===
:Asron atīr, esti·i̯o eni nemesi,
:noibos buu̯et tou anu̯an,
:ro·to·aχsāt tou rīgi̯on
:u̯reχtus tou au̯illos
:u̯or talamoni samalī eni nemesi.
:Asron baragon petidīi̯ācon dā snūs sindīu̯on.
:Matu̯ī snūs asron dligetā,
:samalī i̯on matu̯imos asron dligeti̯obo,
:ne·c snīs wede dū u̯osagitē,
:eχtos snīs dīlunge au u̯allū.
:Amen.

=Conlangs=

Feel free to add Lord's prayer in your conlangs' version here.

==[[Aingeljã]]==
Nou Pare, qwe ets nou cell, 
qwe santificat eh vou nome, 
qwe vene a nos vou reixĩ. 
Qwe eh façata va voluntà, 
tant na terra com nou cell. 
Donat-nus hogge nou pã qwotiggãn 
e pardonat-nus nas ofensas, 
com tantbain nos pardonèms qwĩns ofensen-nus. 
E nõ deixat-nus cadre na tentazõn 
e lluwerat-nus dou Mal. 
Amain. 

==[[Altherkin Itak]]==
[[File:Our_Father_-_Altherkin_Itak_-_Script_4.JPG]]

:Jia'meh Abbous Jeon'yajeo naebu de, namaewae Yi beilahjeon ang de.
:Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi beilah.
:Jikan fotei, dei'fover Yi werben no Jeo e'ea Jeon'yajeo naebu.
:Deikan ima e'ea deikan'mej, lat warei kae'a jia'meh nimo.
:Luswerzya luswer jia'meh paliya. Warei ahsu luswer luswerzya dei'fover nyan.
:Yi beilah nei warei jianxi werben dili, da'a'te Yi warei proteto detei luswer paliya.
:(Jeo no Altherkjeon Yi ang de, ta Jeonji, e'ea ta pa'a'me, por jikan fotei mej.)
:Ohmaen

:Our Father Heaven inside is, name you holy it is.
:Land of God your exist.
:Time future, intent you act of Earth and Heaven inside.
:Today and every day, To us bread our give.
:Forget sins our please. We their sin forget intend also.
:You "To be" no us cause "to act" bad, but you us protect from sin please.
:(Land of God yours it is, The divine power, and the glory, for time future all.)
:Amen

[http://www.facebook.com/v/2682096943833 Hear it read by Motonjia (external Link)]

==[[Arkhæn | Arkhæn]]==
A Prayer to The Psynecerion, a polytheistic "Lord's Prayer" equivalent in the religion of Kareigăn-Hæx religion.

=== Modern Arkhæn Alkavăht Script ===
[[File:Arkhaen_Lordprayer.PNG]]

=== Romanized: ===
:Keir præhăm mhe jzakar Yfikt Sehri,
:Hoth amăn khăma taiku Hæx, ara Gaateni
:Keir amăn ir ăndrgaaten, keir flær dhe vari, mhe garăm deru cogan dhe miyar kædi
:Mhe kariar ăz i ăn ara zeidu joirk ak mhe mujes jzakar haqeinan dhe hjaani
:Măhdi keir suod zăn hoth adr, măhdi keir anămi zăn hoth adr,
:Mhe ghejz haqeinan zuk i ăn ăhsl dyhijoi
:Măhdi hoth gaate qajoi dyhijoi mhe mujes jzakar kanrqeinăn avarkhe
:Măhdi ăhsl mhe takad kăhkănen dhe jzakar ræhi dhe hjaani ak dhe jzakr Kareigăn-Hæx.
:Aze Takădi!

=== Translation: ===
:We pray to the Perfect Ones,
:They who came from Six, our creators
:We who are subservient, we ask of them, to lend us some of their strength
:To carry on our daily tasks and to keep the balance of nature
:May we live as they do, may we die as they do, to bring balance upon all worlds
:May they create more worlds to drive the imbalance away.
:May all to be enlightened of the ways of nature and of the Original Six.
:Aze Takadi! (both a greeting gesture as well as a sort of "amen")

==[[The World|Avantimanisc]]==
:Oure fadêr that be yn heuenerihhe;
:sende ye-hallawet thin namô;
:cwem te thin rihhdomaz;
:sende thin wellez ye-dôn swo yn medwaralde swo yn heuenam;
:yef ôs on te daye oure ĳelckday susteynavant;
:ande ôs foryef oure detes,
:swo we foryef te oure detendam;
:ande ne lîth ôs nouwt te thon castynge,
:but framward-ôs-lôs fram euele.

==Esperanto==
:Patro nia, kiu estas en la ĉielo,
:sanktigata estu Via nomo.
:Venu Via regno.
:Fariĝu Via volo,
:kiel en la ĉielo, tiel ankaŭ sur la tero.
:Nian panon ĉiutagan donu al ni hodiaŭ.
:Kaj pardonu al ni niajn ŝuldojn,
:kiel ankaŭ ni pardonas al niaj ŝuldantoj.
:Kaj ne konduku nin en tenton,
:sed liberigu nin de la malbono.
:(Ĉar Via estas la regno kaj la potenco
:kaj la gloro eterne.)
:Amen.

==[[Háfrig]]==
:Kes Etâr, qwin il eskáleo ri,
:genomentuz i missild,
:offimmoz i tis agenir,
:geroz i tis élekk,
:léda l-eskálio, śo l-edzúroro si.
:Forventikál vekánandum dontiz káj píl,
:et offűliz i bêtgánandu,
:léda ke s’ offűlam i h-inóvand bêtdífendo.
:E gin véliz kum kojsitána,
:ak gemojgiriz i vultími.
:(Dé tis i h-agenir, i forrel e l-iskür forvenâk.)
:Roz ö-gen.

==Lojban==
:doi cevrirni.iu noi zvati le do cevzda do'u fu'e .aicai .e'ecai lo do cmene ru'i censa
:.i le do nobli turni be la ter. ku se cfari
:.i loi do se djica ba snada mulno vi'e le cevzda .e .a'o la ter.
:.i fu'e .e'o ko dunda ca le cabdei le ri nanba mi'a
:.i ko fraxu mi loi ri zu'o palci
:.ijo mi fraxu roda poi pacyzu'e xrani mi
:.i ko lidne mi fa'anai loi pacyxlu
:.i ko sepri'a mi loi palci
:.i .uicai ni'i loi se turni .e loi vlipa .e loi mi'orselsi'a cu me le do romei
:fa'o

==[[Anoé]]==

:,nul-((fuuilat-en-ia)-él-éltil)

:efma-en-ve fi-atfalit tléé

:((tintom-en-ve fi-ulaat tléé

:uuifó-en-ve fó-én-aé)

:an-(Earth)-fn-(al-ló-él-éltil)).

:,ve ie-aile-ufuium li-aten-óf-(ailu)-at-ia.

:,ve felien-en-ia éliuón-at-ia

:nif-(ia én-(laéen ia feliu) éliuón-at-al.

:,ve ia erian-ól-(ésélit-en-uilien)

:tléé ve ia erian-sééld.

:(fan ól-tintom tlé ól-élein tlé ól-aliaten (al-en-ve al

:ló-(et-tlé-néf)). ,fti-ló.)

==Classical Longrimol==
{{seealso|Longrimol}} by [[User:Longrim|Longrim]]

:Adhorom nedhúrer
:airalichy raivog
:therdhäil darandorog
:dhánäilichy malfog
:márchan nedhúrer
:gweltheljbantho-m'il
:jaldhtharvo-m'il
:oi thärvim mênjäldhim
:dhulro-m'il glastainúlong
:dhulro-m'il gruidhong.

:[find i dharandr-og cambadh-og asdago-og cwildhríl. Emín.]

==Classical Arithide==
{{seealso|Classical Arithide}} by [[User:Denihilonihil|Eugene]]
{{seealso|Arithide Sample Text Corpus}}

{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" width="66%"
|-
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Classical Arithide
! bgcolor=#dfdfdf | Late Classical Arithide
|-
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rignā, zōon saluminnum, histamosit illos ays. Egēra lisgas ays. Reskerosit deiros ays, halagum saluminnumena. Rignor emereto haror omer krerērō, a kansārērō irige syndrē, rīgisae syndirēnēs kansārena. On rege avgērērō thiftiae, nege rege magārērō vokirōn. Amen.
| width=33% valign=top | Fābā rikin, saluminnum hero, histamesit illos ayn. Egura lisgas ayn. Reskeresit deiros ayn, halaginnum saluminnumena. Rikin emnatir haro omnat kreruras, nam kansaruras rīkae syndrē, rikisyndoris syndirēnēs kansariena. On riko avlataguras orgrei, nege riko magāruras vokyrōn. Amen.
|}

==Ellesklavan==
{{seealso|Ellesklavan}}

:vidrömü, ci eu en éfni,
:aolé eu tli nömü.
:tli řoyamü viyen.
:tli sřay eu fazi,
:en teřya é ža eu en éfni.
:dono no sé širu pasirana kotined.
:éti frocefi no trégepaseniran,
:kön no frocefi elehli ci trégepaseni kontri no.
:éti neu kleřtni pa no ostü betnosü;
:mé délifeř no dé džharag.
:(porceu lešé eu lé řoyamü, lé pufovřir, éti lé kloriyen,
:por tu éti tu) amné.

== Teeverb Kuluxem ==
{{seealso|Teeverb Kuluxem}}

Teeverb Kuluxem:

:Tuchomat Kulonar:
:Padre keeyuhn infadia, uba' nio shuuran,
:Tunatma kuyuhn echa' tubonflaken.
:Yaco-ubhiemna tukinglak kunoi tuyumya,
:Shem yaco-ubfin tupaj kunoi,
:Nio shutereen sima nio shuuran.
:Pal-ubofero tukwam kudiama kuval alt sheeyuhn;
:Shem pal-ubforglan teeyuhn sima okforglan teeotheeno;
:Vo pal-ubleedha teeyuhn alt shutemapta,
:Kief pal-ubforma okvan vaeem shupekitat;
:Tukinglak shem tufuertlas shem tuglameeka eshadda kunoi.
:Amen

Translation:

:The prayer of the Lord:
:The Father of Ours, who is in Heaven,
:Your name is great.
:Bring your kingdom here,
:And accomplish your plan,
:On Earth the same as in Heaven.
:Give us the food of this day;
:Forgive us the same as we forgive others;
:Do not lead us to temptation,
:But force us to go away from evil;
:The glory, the power and the glory are your's.
:Amen

==Thorsutian==
{{seealso|Thorsutian}}

:Man baset, cus ёd nё parasje,
:ёsmardzsёn ёdur xjen zavke.
:Xjen mёbraţje rikas.
:Xjen zsёdu çozid,
:ёn toke siç ёd tho parasjud.
:Jat maţu ked ord man vorje bucje.
:E ţalis maţu man funёbartiv,
:siç maţ ţalёmi çadёk cus funёbart kurda maţu
:E pron maţu nok tho ёnarzsud,
:pas shonah maţu el necud,
:(ţa xjen ёl mёbraţi, uuzs, e strirren,
:ţa dadarma e dadarma.)
:Amen

==Tauro-Piscean==
{{seealso|Tauro-Piscean language}}

:Tet Fedä ëleêses, wa zï in Heofonem,
:¡Letan tet Namen janes clenê bean!
:Tet Kïnedom janes kum.
:¡Letan tet Willê janes dodê bean,
:Et Eëtenem tonnê in Heofonem!
:¡Jefan ëleêsen tode tet jedewamliken Bräden!
:¡And fëjefan ëleêsen te Jïêlten,
:Tonnê ëleês fëjef kvinem, dass makê Jïêlten!
:¡And ledan ëleêsen nat in Kostnungen,
:Ak beëjan ëleêsan fram Ïfeêlem!
:[Tï janes zï tet Kïnedom, tet Mït and tet Wöldë,
:To efä nes efä.] Sotlikê.

It is worth noting that the Tauro-Piscean language evolved into the (New) West Germanic language below.

==West Germanic==
{{seealso|West Germanic language}}

:Uɍę Ąldoɍ, tu tąt is in ħjovonųm,
:Si tin namę halaɉ.
:Kumę tin riŧę,
:Maŧiǫn tin wįleǫn up eɍdųm ék swa in ħjovonųm.
:Uɍę daɉliŧ lafǫn gįvǫn us todaɉ,
:ǫnd foɍgįvǫn us uɍę ſųldzǫn ék swa we foɍgįf uɍę ſųldaɉǫn.
:Ǫnd faɍǫn tu ųn in ħjan kǫstnųnðǫn, ak luzǫn ųn uvęlęnę.
:[Ųmbętąt tin is tąt riŧę, tąt miħt ǫnd tąt wųldoɍ,
:ąvɍweɍd eŧę.]
:Sodliŧę.

==Vityng by [[User:Schlaier|Schlaier]]==
{{seealso|Vityng}}
{{seealso|Vityng our Father}}

:fæðirr óssa, hvem ar i himinn
:nama þinn ver hǽlge
:kónungrikk þinn ver gaður
:øskja þinn ver skaftur
:an eorð og sva i himinn.
:ǿssi gefar dægglykur brǿð óssa, þessa dagg.
:og synni óssa grætar óss
:sva varr grætum þætt ƕað skap synni an ǿssi
:i nǿðen lǽðarna óss
:og fram yfil takar óss.
:sænnlykur.

==Nytal==
{{seealso|Nytal}}
{{seealso|Nytal biblical texts}}

:Babu ni la, ki ad’jo ju ojl 
:Ni la a’šijnt noym Ok 
:Nori sliknost Ok 
:Ni la a’nut ehoj Ok 
:Iknijt ju ojl, Iknijt sjep bajus vsi 
:Ole tyahri er ni la ejs ni la 
:A vlup er ni la le finans ni la 
:Iknijt gek ni la a’vlup er le mefinanser ni la 
:A ta nenijt ni la ka medoljem 
:U vrij ni la de olim 
::Amen

==Lánc==
{{seealso|Lánc}}

:Vojun nát, eráv bálot
:Townon úk svútutolas
:Townon krišpót atja
:Townon šalja toljas
:Džú bálot džu pánot
:Lakfadžo vojay vojunon banfadžáro bágwo kál
:Ši vojay vojunyojon plačoy gwalč
:Džu vój vojunyajon plajačanay mijo gwalčen
:Ši vojo onás gorávtjámás ét majv
:Ýbo vojo ód ono gráwno nálutol.
:Amen

==[[Leet_Speak|L337 5q34Ҟ]]==

:0ύЯ ph4th3r N ん3\/N,
:L33+ 1z ur N￥m,
:ur Ӄ1n6|)0mz h3Я3 nao,
:u 90んん4 cl00 vv47 u w4んん4 cl00,
:0n 34r+ん L13k n ん3\/N.
:L37z 34+ 2d4y l13k d4 07hЯ d31,
:461v h0w3r fragz & pks plz,
:& wii vv1LL 461v3 d4 w0nz dat phr4993d u5.
:$4v3 uz phr0m d4 fl00d,
:& 41$0 phr0m d4 L337 3v!|_.
:4ym3んz.

==Lišěč==
{{seealso|Lišěč}}
{|
|
:<center>'''''Latin alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Fial Ipa, ktõr õłokotë tajväka
:sanktakammë leel nimien
:mënnajast leel küningrik
:tĕdaekemmë leel vylen
:śo tajväka, śo mälmake
:đnes antajatë fiam đnesmasen lĕjpäen
:õnt fergepejetë fial velkĕnesen
:śo fi fergepekemmë fial velketelnesem
:õnt ĕłi oğiatojotë ferśukedenë
:õnt svobõdojotë fian pakadaţë
:Amen
||
:<center>'''''Cyrillic alphabet'''''</center>
:
:Фиал Ипа, ктõр õљокотё тайвäка
:санктакаммё леел нимиен
:мённайаст леел кÿнингрик
:тĕдаекеммё леел вылен
:зо тайвäка, зо мäлмаке
:ћнес антайатё фиам ћнесмасен лĕйпäен
:õнт фергепейетё фиал велкĕнесен
:зо фи фергепекеммё фиал велкетелнесем
:õнт ĕљи ођиатойотё ферзукеденё
:õнт свобõдойотё фиан пакадаθё
:Амен
|}

==Keβag==
{{seealso|Keβag}}

:Fät man, lë beş ë pöt taɸ ë nheμet'
:lo seintsat ë seɸot'u ðo
:qeşa e dewönhoxul ðo
:ër sat'a ë pełäk do
:aże taɸ ë nheμet', aże taɸ ë nhujm'
:ovinë manheşë ekys ë nałecu ekyşoru μan
:cë danosë en μyg μan
:lo danos aże en μyɣocuv μan
:cë μë phonë manhëm taɸ ë rhejżaxaş
:aca püksatё manhëm renh e-ekwaň.
:Amen

==Teycil==
{{seealso|Teycil}}
:Paycil, jsomnajs hœjcoir væ
:zulev jsuveno lea
:ga ayro bolmadanev
:malev nā lea
:jsomnajs me ehrenajs
:moljga luie molojzunour mujxel ga beih
:me jqœnūl ga gjrebeih
:polajs-ajga jqœnosæcūl gjrebō lea
:me pîrojgīne xo le ga doikot vā
:tu jræsīne jcon le ga jzineih vā
:Amēn

==Nician==
{{seealso|Nician}}

:'''Il nost pat'''

:Il nost pat, chi ses nis ceis,
:Saintifcat sie’l tu nom.
:Venì’l tu regn.
:Se face la tue volontat,
:Nis ceis com sope la terre.
:Oz dànos il nost pan cottizan.
:E dimìttenos is nosts dèvits,
:Com ezze nos dimittius ais nosts devitoes.
:E n’indùcenos in teumtazion,
:Veò lìveanos da male.

==Brithenig==

:Nustr Padr, ke sia i llo chel,
:sia senghid tew nôn,
:gwein tew rheon,
:sia ffaeth tew wolont,
:syrs lla der sig i llo chel.
:Dun nustr pan diwrnal a nu h-eidd;
:e pharddun llo nustr phechad a nu,
:si nu pharddunan llo nustr phechad.
:E salw nu di'll temp di drial,
:mai llifr nu di'll mal.
:Per ill rheon, ill cofaeth e lla leir es ill tew, per segl e segl.

==Kerno==

:a Phazeoir Nusteor que bias 'n y ceues;
:foreth noef il tew nom;
:gouenyes il tew camouils;
:foreth fès la teva gouoluntáts
:en lâ derra cuomo 'ny ceues;
:danos-el osdia le nusteor panèn cuotidièn;
:dimeti y nusteor dheuz
:cuomo dimitemus ai nusteor dheutoeres;
:et ne nus attrayer rhen al tentación,
:mays eliveránus des val.

==Old High Jermench==

:fatzar nôstar cî es in câlîs
:seiaz cunsantzîts noum twou
:wienaz rin twou
:seiaz cundahtûts wuontzats twâ
:siht in câl ah in zerra
:fân nôstar côsitân ta nous houd
:ez ferdouna nous ôdsa nôstra
:siht ez nus ferdounams ôdintîs nôstrîs
:ez nei nus intûtzas in zinhôn
:mâhs liura nus tei mâl

==Talarian==

:elemtilenopâtar
:sánctyata tawas xonomar-ca-he
:wewóytâ hanirfanar-ca-he
:pepelewórkâ tawas walar-ca-he
:hostanuššexomani-han-he
:elemtileno-han-he
:tatâhyata-me tâlcoteyel támtar-ca-he
:ffaffalyata-me mesas taipallanar-ca-he
:ffalmá cam taipallanar-ca-he
:anhaharxanyata-me çalarswwalana-ca-he
:roromyata-me tusar-te-he. Omen.

:Heavenly Father
:and blessed-be thy name
:and realised-be spiritual-Rest
:and fullydone-be thy will
:and Middle-World-in-the
:and Heavens-in-the
:and give us each-day godly-gift-the
:and wash us our spiritual-separation
:and we wash their spiritual-separation
:and burden-not us heavenly-adjudication-by
:and guide us evil-out-from

==LΙΝҀΟΥΑ LΟΥϹΑΡ / Loucarian==

:ΝЄΜЄΤ ϚΟϚΠЄІΤΟ ΠѠΔΙϹ ῙϹ ϹΑΤΑ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ : ЄΤΤΙ ΠЄJЄΤΟ ῙϹ:
:ЄΝΑΜϜЄΡϜЄΡ ΤΙΜ ΜΑϹϹΑΡЄΙΡЄ ϹΟΥΔЄΙЄΡЄ ΙϹΑ:
:ΑΒΒΑ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЄΝ ϚΑΜΑΥΑΝΑΜ ΝΑ
:ϘЄΔΔЄϹ ΑL ΝΟΜΟΝ ΔΙ ΤΙΜЄΤ
:ϚѠΠΠЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΟΥΜΜЄΝ ΔΙ ΤΙ ΠѠΔЄϘϹ ΦЄϹΤΙΝΑΜ
:ΟΥΤΤΑΤΟ ϜΑΔ ΑL ΑLΦΑϹ ΔΙ ΤΙ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΤΙΡ ЄΙΜ ЄΝ ΑL ΠΑΡΑΔЄΙϚΙΑΜ
:ϹϜЄΡϹΑΡЄ ΤΙ ΑΔΙϹ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ЮΤΙΜ ΑL ΠΟΥΝΤΙΜ ϹΑϚϹΟΥΜНΝЄϹ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ
:ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΑL ΙϹΑΙϹΑ ΝΟΒΟΝ ΔΙ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ϘΟΥЄΜ ΝΑϹ ΔЄΜЄΤЄΡЄ ΑL ΝΑΜΑΔЄΡΑΜ ΔΙ ΝЄϚϚЄΡ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔΟΥϹЄΡЄ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔΙϹ ΠЄΙΡΑϚΜΟΜ
:ΜΙΡЄ ΔН ϹѠΙΡЄ ΤΙΜ ΝΑϚϚЄΡ ΑΔ ΙΝJΟΥΔΙϚϚΙΑΜ. ѨΜΙΝ.

:They ask to Jesus concerning to pray; and said Jesus:
:Whenever you pray say this:
:Father of us in-heaven-in
:holy the name of you
:become the heavenly-realm of you with fast
:go done the will of you as in the earth as in the paradise
:give you towards us today the bread of-everyday of us
:wipe-away you the this-here sin of us as we wipe-away the sinship of them
:do-not lead us towards temptation
:do-not but put you us to trial. amen.

==(Modern) Ialacian==

:Yamono Fadatheudeur inmiso hedeveudeun,
:leteyim no nekem bi aneurshta.
:Leteyim no kidingdeudeum kam,
:leteyim kiena waonteyim fu hapeun bi dushta
:onmiso eukeurtheu asoru biya dushta inmiso hedeveudeun.
:Giveyim pamo tisoneun yamono neunlimiso beurekedeu.
:Forgiveyim pamo aru yamono sikinsi
:jesteumiso asoru haveyamo alsorumiso forgiveushta taseto kien sin agensteumiso pamo.
:Kipeyim pamo feurommiso faollinggeu intumiso sikin kienu biyamo tempeushta.
:Seiveyim pamo feurommiso lo iveulmung in;
:foru lo kidingdeudeum, lo padauweudeur, toru lo geulodoridi bi yimno, forueveurmiso. Amen.

==(Modern) Avelian==

:Camo no Fadatheudeur inmiseot hedeveudeun,
:cim letnida no netem bimnida-aneurnidayo.
:Cim letnida no kidingdeudeum kamao,
:cim letnida kimnat weontnida hapeunao bimnida-dumnidayo
:onmiseot euteurtheu cometeo ca bimnida-dumnidayo inmiseot hedeveudeun.
:Cim givnida camo koretien camo no tienlimiseot beureted.
:Cim forgivnida camo ateo camo no sitin
:jestmiseot cometeo camo alsuteomiseot forgivnijiyo il kim sinnida agenstmiseot camo.
:Cim kipnida camo feurommiseot feolshao intumiseot sitin kimnut camo bimnida-tempnidayo.
:Cim seivnida camo feurommiseot iveulmang il;
:feteo kidingdeudeum, padauweudeur, kuteo geulodoridi biseo cim no, kuteoeveurmiseot. Emen.

==Bu'ochia==

:Njosto padrón, kia asta an chiellium
:Chea sjen nom asta sancituri
:Chea sjen raliam venvi
:Chea sjen volosón asta naochi
:Ser terrum sem ser chiellium
:Dunnavi-noasta azi njosto pani je chachi uro
:Pardanvi njostosi ovenchuvati
:Ser noasta pardunomós achi ere ellum kia noasta uvos ovensuvasa
:Lel nen noasta inducha teminotium
:Masi leberani noasta ochje malum.
:Aminan

==[[Nyenglisk]]==

:Ár faður ín hevinað,
:Halóað er þín nam,
:þín kingdom kome,
:þín vil er makað,
:on erðað as ín hevinað.
:Give víð tilda ár dali bred.
:Forgive víð, ár sina
:As ví forgive þata, som sin eje víð
:Save ví fro tímiðum af trialað
:o delive ví fro ývilað
:[For kingdomiðum, páeriðum, o glóríðum er þíns ná o for evur. Amen.]

==[[Solaric]]==

:Fòrr ewo nhebn,
:neem Yöö yehöle,
:rüü Yöö yesiwoikèm
:weu Yöö yesiwoigeedü
:nadwol loi nhebn.
:yügevusye daalebreed ewo tadee.
:Yüfgevus eemyesen ewo,
:loi wifgevem daa deesen ngeets us.
:Yüseevys frè jentaam,
:an yübrengus frè ivu.
:[Kèz ödrüü, edpawo, 'n odgloi deeyööz
:nyo 'n freve. Amen.]

==Intrekómi==
:Món Pápa ínno ávno,
:ton nomí es holíninó,
:ton ressilénto komí,
:Te hi esóno finí,
:ono l’Érti se ínno ávno.
:Áttū ma’ món díni bréto sedí.
:Forgívū món sína per mas
:se ma forgíva la pópla ki sí kon mas.
:Sévū mas de l’hóro di triálo
:ve delíverū mas de la vílo.
:[Per la ressilénto, la póvro, ve la glóro es ton
:adéssi ve per etérni. Ámen.]

==Theudo==
:Than pár ágí,yrth thí inn yln,
:yrth than avn ádích ogam,
:Kumadth than unkrig ádích,
:Mymeridth than abad ádích,
:Onn jorder ek inn yln.
:Gefathí égí than yndé broth ágí
:ug yrdylathí égí thaí egání ágí,
:ek yrdylath égí étí dach égánath alyn égí.
:ug dá burdithí égí dá díchossen,
:ach durthí égí am drogh.
:[Lí yrth sy than unkrig ádích, than ubres ug than gylá. Líny ug y. Amen]

==[[Sandic]] (Kémani)==
:Pé da aŵ pa lēyar,
:Daeyui obatara béenú pé,
:Béno pé obaféd,
:Wîc pé obatoka,
:Ó ba imprîâ obatokara ŵhé pa ân.
:Ŵian ta damdabin jémohnin otiab opétora,
:Ta lenadabin aŵin otiab opéfama,
:Ta kémabin, ŵiab opur, otiab opéfama.
:Ŵian opéneot ma ân aŵtewîc ân ma dabin lenain,
:A ŵiab frn wîc ân ma dabin akenoin opéjjémz.
:[Pa skra jébi- Ba imprîâ frn pé batara, iné wî ba béno, iné wî ba auzeract,
:Gre kala, jéb obatara,]
:Lēamian

==[[Dmezk]]==

:Boja,
:Pani morosza muno metsa
:Muno motsekune asza
:Urhdu murez munazi otso numira fujarez arhmede,
:ko drokesza murez numira lofurajizy,
:Kru murez drokesza murez furetez dusz lek e murez muteke.
:Ko furetez murez enu umz ki dorake.

==[[Parra]]==
{|
|
:<center>''Latin:''</center>
:Papa denes, ce da a seli,
:Noma dedi esi santo fa fara.
:Sarso dedi fa veni,
:Vola dedi esi fa fara, tanta a sinla, tanta a seli.
:Ves den, xat de den per nos dada,
:E debiti denes perona, tanta nos perona emedebiti denes.
:E a temta nos ne conduşu,
:Ma nos escer de saló fara. Amén
||
:<center>''Cyrillic:''</center>
:Папа дэнэс кэ да а сэли,
:Нома дэди эси санто фа фара.
:Сарсо деди фа вени,
:Вола деди эси фа фара, танта а синла, танта а сэли.
:Вес ден, хат де ден пер нос дада,
:Э девити денес перона, танта нос перона эмэдебити денес.
:Э а тэмта нос нэ кондушу,
:Ма нос эскещэ дэ салӧ фара. Амӭн.
|}

==[[Kihā́mmic]]==
'''Kihā́mmic Millenium Bible'''

Gloss

'''9 Vámû náčûm hekóš fáz kašā́ etômá: mnốmô Dárat kétômô yû́n Yégkhāne sói, danamá tīdá sōramá séi.'''

9 You (n pl nom) have to (pres n pl) pray (inf) how (conj) according to (conj) this (f sing gen): our (m sing nom) Father (m sing nom) who (m sing nom) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (pres m sing), your (f sing nom) name (f sing nom) holy (f sing nom) be (pres f sing).

'''10 Ī́tnômô Yegašā́n ôfót, ī́tnûm yón lé Gántre yā́ yû́n Yégkhāne tróp verázamô.'''

10 Your (m sing nom) Kingdom (m sing nom) come (fut imp m sing), yours (m sing nom) on (prep) the (m sing prep) Earth (m sing prep) as (adv) in (prep) Heaven (m sing prep) be (fut imp m sing) do (past part m sing nom).

'''11 Klûrû́vû pā́dû yû́n étôme klûrét mámô stagaþố.'''

11 Daily (n sing nom) bread (n sing nom) on (prep) this (f sing prep) day (f sing prep) we (n pl all) give (imp m sing).

'''12 Yanošố mánômā solgkhámā yā́ mánômā solgkhonámā mámû yanû́m.'''

12 Pardon (imp m sing) our (m pl acc) debt (m pl acc) as (adv) our (m pl acc) debtor (m pl acc) we (n pl nom) pardon (pres n pl).

'''13 Ôyán nárstûnô mámā ôkradžôtố bán é ayán eutá mámā čulūtố paškomá ī́tnûm sói lố čanák é lố tūkál ə́tə tôvánə džā́zə. Amén.'''

13 To (prep) temptation (m sing all) we (n pl acc) lead (imp m sing) not (neg) and (conj) from (prep) evil (m sing abl) we (n pl acc) save (imp m sing) because (conj) yours (m sing nom) be (pres m sing) the (m sing nom) power (m sing nom) and (conj) the (m sing nom) glory (m sing nom) for (prep) all (m sing term) time (m sing term). Amen (adv).

==[[Hellingijø]]==
:anseraz faþiriz, hwaz in itim oranï biuziz,
:haggiðiz þinaz onamaz sijeza.
:þinaz bazilidomaz kwemiða,
:þinaz bulizi ana þe gerþi
:hwo ana þo oranï þuriða.
:anseraz hemerilikazini itini arþizi tohemeri gebeniza
:andi anseraz hamaritï sigihoriza,
:hwo wiz itini sundarï anagagin anziz sighoram.
:andi to itinø hagadomiziz de-agiza
:haldiz þinaz fram itinø ubiliziz siziza.
:amen.

==[[Aquarian]]==
:Ayter oosen, dar yas dh'indra,
:Wennick yas ya hennell ov;
:Erras a h-affy hoyrick ov;
:Voon erreth surrys;
:Ar channal, say ar indra.
:Acketh y'oos keenow gakeener scran os.
:Ga vargeth y'oos affickes os,
:Sinda chy a vargy heem dar affickash dhe goorth oos.
:Ga harrenneth y'oos nee dhe gunther;
:Madge nashneemeth y'oos oo leen.
:Amen.

==[[Tanrian]]==
:'''Patro Nostra''' - ''(a version)''
:Patro nostra, qui esta in ceal
:Santificat esta nomen teu
:Regno teu venira
:Voro teu sera fazut
:Sur Terra ca esta in ceal
:Donez a noi hodia nostra pan omnidia
:E ieştaz nostras debitos
:Ca ieştam nostras debitores
:E noi duçez non in tentazio,
:Ma noi liberaz del malezza.
:Amen

== [[Sdrawkcab]] ==

:Ruo rehtaf, ohw si ni nevaeh,
:Dewollah eb yht enam,
:Yht modgnik emoc,
:Yht lliw eb enod,
:No Htrae sa ti si ni Nevaeh
:Evig su siht yad ruo yliad daerb,
:Dna evigrof su ruo snis,
:Sa ew evigrof esoht ohw nis tsniaga su.
:Dael su ton otni noitatpmet,
:Tub reviled su morf live,
:Rof eniht si eht modgnik, eht werop dna eht yrolg,
:Rof reve dna reve,
:Nema!

==[[Bisla'ikh]]==

'''''In Bisla'ikh Script'''''
----

:Дӑтэвӑнђоҏю, ќерђКӑлэӑн,
:Овэеђэда кӑлэмӑнта,
:Ќоралусвађэда, ҏэвӑнђадтеђбува,
:Дежэђэда, гушанђэда, ҏантэнкђаҏђбувӑ,
:ГтюђЭҏпэх, лэкэнӑ скђКӑлэӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн левенӑ павђлучӑн,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн сэќ спучӑшђэда,
:Бӑлшӑђэда ск'оҏю эн мусэнђэда,
:Ос лунӑмачэђэда скђоҏю эн мусэнђэда, ю мусэнђоҏюђбувӑ обаяђеда!
:Спрэнкђэдађбувӑ веж скђмӑлхӑнӑ, эмп cпрэнкђэдађбувӑ ҏобуђковӑтэ ос ҏобуђмӑлхӑнӑ!
:Аҏ Ќоралусвађэда, энугяђэда, сэќђэда,
:Яу сэќоҏу,
:Cпӑяђэду!

'''''In Roman Script'''''
----

:Dativan'orryu, xer'Kalian,
:Ovie'idu kalimanthu,
:Xorulirsvu'idu, rrivan'udthe'birva,
:Dezhi'idu, girshun'idu, rrunthing'urr'birva,
:Gthyu'Irrfikh, likina sg'Kalian,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in levena puv'lirchan,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in six sfirchash'idu,
:Balsha'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu,
:Os lirnamuchi'idu sg'orryu in mirsin'idu, yu mirsin'orryu'birva obuya'idu!
:Sfring'idu'birva vezh sg'malkhana, imf sfring'idu'birva rrobir'kovati os rrobir'malkhana!
:Urr Xorulirsvu'idu, inirgya'idu, six'idu,
:Yair sixorrir,
:Sfaya'idir!

'''''Translation'''''
----

:Our father, in heaven,
:Your name is Sacred,
:Your kingdom, it comes,
:Your wants, your needs, they shall occur,
:On earth, similar to heaven,
:you give to us now the bread of life,
:You give to us all your compassion,
:You give to us now your forgiveness,
:and you teach to us forgiveness, so we will forgive as you!
:You will not lead us to evil, but you will lead us from temptation, and evil!
:they are your Kingdom, Your power, your all,
:For all time,
:I pray!

==[[Qi (Irfikian Language) | Qi]]==

The Prayer to Sola: The 'lord's prayer' equivalent in the Qilan religion of Solarriam

'''''Qi'a Script:'''''

[[File:Prayer_to_Sola.png]]

'''''Transliteration with Grammar points:'''''

:nalo'áf qi'no a'a so'la o'za no'ó-dá'ó
:''pray we to sola on day(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó da'sana'i lí'di qo'va
:''(adv)continuous shine his light''
:ni'vi'da lí'di vo'o'o qi'no va'lo si'í'i si'a qo'va si'a qo'novir
:''fill he lives our with joy and light and warmth''
:razina'lo'on lí'di va'siro'á na'la
:''bring forth he plants all!''
:fazi'i'os lí'di qa'a'vo'o-i'aza-dá'ó
:''sustain he herd(pl)(definite)''
:ra'a-i'infa'nó ni'vi'la'á lí'di va'lo si'zaroni'i qi'no
:''(adv)continuous provide he us with necessities our''
:a'a nazilo'o'a si'a ri'ad
:''to eternity and day''
:qa'asno'oq qi'no li'a'a
:''salute we you''
:va'la'a'í!
:''Prosper!''

'''''Proper translation:'''''

:We pray to sola on this day,
:That his light may continuously shine.
:May he fill our lives with joy, light and warmth
:May he bring forth all plants,
:May he sustain the herds
:May he continuously provide us with what we need
:For eternity and a day
:For we salute you
:Prosper!

==[[Volapük]]==
'''Volapük Rigik - Original Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binon paisaludomöz nem ola!
:Kömomöd monargän ola!
:Jenomöz vil olik, äs in sül, i su tal!
:Bodi obsik vädeliki givolös obes adelo!
:E pardolös obes debis obsik,
:äs id obs aipardobs debeles obas.
:E no obis nindukolös in tendadi;
:sod aidalivolös obis de bad.
:Jenosöd!

'''Volapük Nulik - New Volapük'''
:O Fat obas, kel binol in süls! Nem olik pasalüdükonöd!
:Regän ola kömonöd!
:Vil olik jenonöd, äsä in sül, i su tal!
:Givolös obes adelo bodi aldelik obsik!
:E pardolös obes döbotis obsik,
:äsä i obs pardobs utanes, kels edöbons kol obs.
:E no blufodolös obis,
:ab livükolös obis de bad!
:(Ibä dutons lü ol regän, e nämäd e glor jü ün laidüp.)
:So binosös!

==Todamese==

By [[User:Xadrezo|xadrezo]]

:Meqas up thèladzh [mɛqas up θəladʒ]
:wedy qiv [wɛɟ qiv]
:wey ily [wɛj iʎ]
:odh wediv [ɔð wɛdiv]
:ladzhav thècc [ladʒav θəɕ]
:ow melcadzhapyitsh [ɔw mɛʟadʒapjitʃ]
:ow um ywethèmevits [ɔw um ɥɛθəmɛvits]
:èwh om udh ywethèdhevits [əʍ ɔm uð ɥɛθəðɛvits]
:ow kèm ywethèqgadily [ɔw kɛm ɥɛθəðɛɢadiʎ]
:èwh ow kèny fadzhiv [əʍ ɔw kəɲ fadʒiv]
:èq. [əq]

==[[Calcoradish]]==

[[File:Calcoradish sample text (Lord's prayer).jpg|500px]]

*Latin transcription
:Chém e starden

:Vem stár, edur sór agøis sym naeth; a yidur.
:Yidur dræs vem sǿdur e zøch vendur ǿl nabel.
:Yidur dræs vem volnadúr ol zøch vendur adenǽl.
:Yidur dræs vem lygor e zøch vendur nagǿl aver laghne, den andur aver naeth.
:Zøch fegois e odetol vem yidur codurnedem.
:Zøch adegois e cǽge edur yidur modelaer e chter, corem edur yidur adegedoer vem modenódel e agor yidur.
:Zøch dois gorendrǽl e yidur, em decæis yidur gór modhem.
:Volnadúr em voldor em graneth tordýr e zøch triondor.
:Amen.

==[[Labwese]]==
:Getuz-sovex'Vatu pwo njebex,
:getuz-detu'imje sanktifikate;
:riz-detu'Krolete xri sovex;
:faz-detu'Vile pwo zemlje kil pwo njebe.
:Siwodnja daz-detu sovex'xlote;
:e prastjez-detu sovex'deptex,
:kil prastjez-sovex sovex'deptekex;
:njok perlimjez-detu folz pwo temptatje,
:e rifekez-detu takuj ploxje.
:Amen.

==[[Mentolatian]]==
:zan paher, qua-dauv fí-jeuwof dauv og-quarmenom:
:our father, TOP.you, in the heavens you (be-)where

:nin-fêtyom quesam omfi-secchyom, perem fí-jeuwof i-dvan,
:down-gaze and about-look, from in heavens your,

:arjjaguz quesam cuscuw, dauv:
:blessed and lovely, you

:qua-varam pahera i-zan qua-dauv siyymnom quesam le-nes dauv khoelyos:
:TOP.truth father of us indeed you are and ACC.us you make.whole

:qua-náman i-dvan, yisam he arjjagmenem:
:TOP.name your, that-in.particular it (is) blessed

:qua-reget i-dvan, yisam he nin-wanmnem:
:TOP.realm your, that-in.particular it down-come

:qua-wallwan i-dvan, yisam he tintenmnem:
:TOP.will your, that-in.partic it be beautifully done

:nô ôg-jájomd og-qua-jwí-nô:
:as loc.Gea loc.TOP.Heavens as

:qua-sómat i-zan, cabyôm dauv le-he on-nes yiyi og-yi-sunnu:
:TOP.bread.for.the.day of us, give you ACC.it DAT.us that LOC.this.sun/day

:qua-erufezzí i-zan, nô suwatyôm dauv qua-nes, hessam nes suwatyos nô:
:TOP.sins of-us, as wash.clean you TOP.us, them we wash.clean as

:n-dlatem sem le-nes on-piscamat dauv:
:NEG.put NEG ACC.us DAT.trial you

:rats dlatem le-budem de-yi-tartar:
:quicker send ACC.evil to-that-yonder (away)

:n-wanmnem sem og-nes sem nenfâs.
:NEG.come NEG among-us no evil-doing

==[[Roguel]]==
[[File:Pater-noster-roguel.PNG]]
:Andon burcuetnya sigie burcuteget:
:Ronetlinete Attokorutyo,
:ansiradiyabek ec'ungut,
:onabek t'amanextangut,
:hanyiptabek lhardagut,
:ronde hanodeder.
:Unarihat pankorutit pirkoruma.
:Avelkorutna ripna,
:avelkepkorutna ripnakder.
:Pesadey dumirkorimat merey ik'adibikare.
:Guene t'amanextanek, hurotek, yomonek, kolganalnuk.
:Amen.

==[[Urban Basanawa]]==
Basanawa-dji:
: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食望汝与うﾟすとと我等す今日
: 又ん望汝赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えうﾟ我等之負者
: 又ん望汝無ん率どすと我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

Oldwriting(Romanization):
: ur Fadder, d'is an heven,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, hope du gevest to us fondag
: en hope du fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergeve ur beshulders
: en hope du ne leedst us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Pronunciation:

: /ur 'fadər də is in 'hevən/
: /'ho: p dai 'na:m du: 'hi:ligət/
: /'ho: p dai 'kiŋdom 'ko:m/
: /'ho: p dai 'wil 'we:s 'du:n/
: /an ert laik an hevən/
: /ur 'daxlik 'bru:t 'ho: p du 'ge:f tə us 'fondax/
: /en 'ho: p du fər'ge:f ur 'ʃuldəs/
: /laik wi fər'ge:f ur bə'ʃuldərs/
: /en 'ho: p du ne 'li:tst us intə ju'waku/
: /ak 'fri: us 'weç fon 'evəl/
: /'amen/

=Alternative Writing System=
==[[Tower Orthography|Tawyr Oorthaagryfii]]==
*Erlii Maadyrn Ingglic (1662 BCP)
:Aur Fadhyr, witc art in Hevyn,
:Halood bii dhai Neem.
:Dhai Kingdym cym.
:Dhai wil bii dyn,
:in erth az it iz in Hevyn.
:Giv ys dhis dee aur deelii bred.
:And foorgiv ys aur trespasiz,
:Az wii foorgiv dhem dhat trespas ygenst ys.
:And liid ys naat intuu tempteetcyn;
:Byt dylivyr ys frym iivil.
:[Foor dhain iz dhy kingdym, dhy pawyr, and dhy gloorii,
:Foor ever and ever.] Amen.

==Mënk==
By [[User:Sam_s89|Sam_s89]]

*An alternative writing system for a Mancunian conlang, still in the early stages of development.
:Ë të-afse,
:Wah bÿ n Elÿsÿum,
:Fntastk bÿ je næm.
:Je tym kum
:Je wanh bÿ tun
:N ve Näf n Elÿsÿum.
:Gf wÿ ttæ ë clep
:N fegyf ë prÿfjus
:N wÿ ulfegyf veh wah prÿfjus wÿ
:N tunt sent wÿ nefe temcun
:But tlyfe wÿ frm ÿfyl
:[Fe Elÿsÿum, ve pë n glary bÿ ja, në n frefe]
:Ëmn

==[['Ingglish|Íngglish]]==
By [[User:Personak|personak]].

*King Dgeimzs Vurczén (King James Version)
:Aur fáadhur,
:Which aart in héeven,
:Háaloud bii dhai neim.
:Dhai kíngdem kuom,
:Dhai wil bii duon on Urth,
:Azs it izs in héeven.
:Giv uos dhis dei aur déiliy breed.
:And fourgív uos aur deets,
:As wii fourgív aur déeterzs.
:And liid uos not íntuu teemptéicsen,
:Buot delíver uos fruom íivel:
:Four dhain izs dhe kíngdem, and dhe páuwer, and dhe glóuriy, fouréver.
:Éimeen.

[[Category:Texts]]

Urban Basanawa

2015-04-05T10:03:23Z

K1234567890y:

{{Infobox
|name=Basanawa ''Basanawa/ばさなわ'' Saxenspraak/サクサン語
|pronounce=/basa'nawa/ / /saksənspra:k/
|tu=
|species=Human
|in=
|no=(unknown)
|script=Latin(the Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is called "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Basanawa) Kanji and Kana(the Basanawa variant of Kanji and Kana is called "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字) in Basanawa) The Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is considered as an archaic writing system among Basanawa speakers.
|tree=[[Proto-Indo-European|Indo-European]] 
 Germanic 
  West-Germanic 
   Ingvaeonic 
    Low German? 
     '''Urban Basanawa'''
|morph=Isolating/Agglutinative~Fusional
|ms=Accusative
|wo=SVO
|creator=[[User:k1234567890y]]
|date=2014
|cals=basanawa
}}

'''Urban Basanawa'''(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ), natively known as '''Saxënspraak'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン語), '''Basakota'''(derived from Rural Basanawa), '''Burgbasa''' or '''Burgspraak''', is a West-Germanic (constructed) language belonging to the Indo-European language family, it is an [[:wikipedia:en:Ingvaeonic languages|Ingvaeonic language]](or a North Sea Germanic language) and is very close to English(in terms of basic words), it is spoken on another planet called "Dë Niuland"(also called "Dë Niuwerld", Basanawa-dji: だ新世界), as the speakers were accidentally transferred by a wormhole to "Dë Niuland".

Urban Basanawa is one of the two language of the Detch people(or Deetch people), the other is [[Rural Basanawa]], more than 70% of the Detch people speak Urban Basanawa as their native tongue.

Like English, Yiddish and Wymysorys, Urban Basanawa is a west-germanic language with a large amount of loanwords.

Urban Basanawa developed from Old Saxon, but the inflection system has been greatly reduced; There are many loanwords from Slavic languages(Mainly a language closely related to Polish, perhaps a dialect of Polish), Malay and Japanese, also, due to the influence of Japanese, and being isolated from other germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't use Latin or Ancient Greek as its source of academic terms.

Despite not being an Anglo-Frisian language, many words of Urban Basanawa are pronunced the same or similar to their English cognates, like feet("feet", pronunciation /fi:t/), fish("fish", pronunciation /fiʃ/), bring("to bring", pronunciation /briŋ/), green("green", pronunciation /gri:n/); but some words are pronunced differently from their English cognates, like ook("eye", pronunciation /u:x/), eggë("edge", pronunciation /ek/), etë("to eat", pronunciation /e:t/); also, there are words which are false friends to their English cognates, for example, deer("animal", pronunciation /di:r/, cognate to English "deer"), selfish("private", pronunciation /selfiʃ/, cognate to English "selfish" but with very different meanings to its English cognates), sood("to prove", pronunciation /su:t/, cognate to English "soothe").

It is thought that [[Toka na Musume]], a language of anime-girl-like girls, is derived from Urban Basanawa, or a creolized form of Urban Basanawa.

The name "[[Basanawa]]" is shared by two languages spoken by the Detch people, one is an Ingvaeonic West Germanic language, called "Urban Basanawa"; the other is an Malayic Malay-Polynesian language, called "[[Rural Basanawa]]", what is introduced in this article, is the "Urban Basanawa" language. Despite sharing the name and used by the same ethnic group, "Urban Basanawa" and "Rural Basanawa" belong to two unrelated language families.

==Origin of words==
Urban Basanawa is a language with a large quantity of loanwords, the source of words is various, and many(if not most) of them are of non-european origin. It is said that most classical languagew of Eurasia of our word, including Classical Chinese(mainly via Japanese), Sanskrit(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Arabic(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Latin and Ancient Greek have all contributed some words to Urban Basanawa.

Despite having numerous loanwords, Urban Basanawa is certainly a west Germanic language close to English, Low German and Frisian, and most of its grammatical structures and functional words are of Germanic origin.

===Germanic===
Urban Basanawa is a germanic language, it evolves from Old Saxon, most germanic words in Urban Basanawa are inherited from Old Saxon(through sound changes), thus, Urban Basanawa could be seen as a dialect of Low German, but the merger between front rounded vowel into their unrounded counterparts, the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/(Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/ have become /ai/ and /au/ respectively in Urban Basanawa), the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/(the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/, and the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/ have made some Urban Basanawa words sound like their English or Standard German cognates), the preservation of the distinction between Old Saxon short /o/ and /u/, lexical differences(Besides loanwords, semantic shift of native words can also create obstacles in communication) and grammatical changes(Urban Basanawa has lost all nominal cases, and has also lost the germanic V2 order, becoming a SVO language, also, adjectival inflections in Urban Basanawa have also become unproductive and fossilized) can hinder the mutual intelligibility between Urban Basanawa and Low German dialects.

Unlike Low German dialects, the distinction between short /o/ and /u/ of Old Saxon is still maintained in Urban Basanawa.

Besides words that are inherited from Old Saxon, some germanic-origin words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed, some of them are early borrowings borrowed from other germanic dialects in Old Saxon Period, some others are borrowed later indirect through Slavic languages or Japanese, which created some doublets:

* land("land", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - lond("owned land, owned field, property", a slavic borrowing)
* ring("ring", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - rinek("market", a slavic borrowing)
* shirt("apron", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - shatzu("shirt", a japanese borrowing)

Although Urban Basanawa has borrowed kinship terms from Japanese, kinship terms of germanic origin are actually still used in daily communications, also, the pronominal system of Urban Basanawa is still germanic, not influenced by other languages.

===Austronesian===
Urban Basanawa has some from Malay-Indonesian and other Austronesian languages, many Sanskrit(including the word "Basa") and Arabic terms are also borrowed indirectly through Austronesian languages, it is thought that Austronesian languages(mainly Malay-Indonesian) were probably substratums among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

===Slavic===
Urban Basanawa has words from slavic languages, especially Polish and/or Polish-like languages(words borrowed from other slavic languages also exist), before Urban Basanawa speakers started to adopt Japanese, a Polish-like slavic language was served as the superstratum among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

Besides some lexical words, many proper nouns in Urban Basanawa are influenced by slavic languages, for example, some village names are ended with -vitze, which is considered to be from Polish -wice, also, many given names are of Slavic origin, and there are even non-slavic-origin family names ended with -ski(for example, Umeski).

The existence of slavic words may indicte that the direct ancestor of Urban Basanawa(before the speakers being accidentally transferred) was spoken in Poland(of our world) in Middle Ages.

Slavic words for animals are also used as euphemisms by hunters, fishers and butchers speaking Urban Basanawa, as they consider germanic names of animals will bring bad luck when these words are referred in hunting/fishing.

===Greek and Latin-Romance===
Ancient Greek and Latin are much less important among Urban Basanawa speakers than they are in most parts of Europe, compared to other Germanic languages(and most other languages originate from Europe of our world), Urban Basanawa has less influence from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages, most words from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages in Urban Basanawa were borrowed in the Old Saxon period or earlier, or indirectly through other languages.

===Japanese and Chinese===
It is known that Japanese culture has a profound impact on Urban Basanawa-speakers, so Japanese language(Modern Japanese) also has significant influence on Urban Basanawa, Japanese lexicon, especially Sino-japanese ones, is used as a source for academic terms in Urban Basanawa, many modern concepts in Urban Basanawa are from Japanese, Urban Basanawa speakers has even adopted Japanese kana and kanji to write Urban Basanawa.

Japanese people never ruled or colonized the Urban Basanawa speakers, but Japanese was seen as a superior language by Urban Basanawa speakers; also, as some Japanese words are very common in Urban Basanawa, it is supposed that Japanese may also served as an substratum in an earlier stage.

Most of the Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, but there are Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa that are not borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, some of them are borrowed through Malay-Indonesian but others are probably not. Below are some supposed Sinitic words that are not from Sino-Japanese words:
* lobak - radish(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lonkang - drain(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lomuwa~loma - gangster
* bulahi~blahi - whitebait

===Ainu Itak===
There are also some words originating from Ainu, below are some examples:

* tunackai /tu'nakai/ "reindeer" - from Ainu ''tunakkay''
* mossir /'mosir/ "land, region, island" - from Ainu ''mosir''
* tchisse /'tʃise/ "shelter, house" - from Ainu ''cise''
* kamui /'kamui/ "anglic god-like spirit" - from Ainu ''kamuy''
* kamuimossir "paradise, heaven, land of god" - from Ainu ''kamuymosir''

===Calquing in Urban Basanawa===
Besides direct borrowings, calquing is also common to form new words in Urban Basanawa:

* '''handsack/手袋''' /'hantsak/ "glove" - from '''hand/手''' /'hant/ "hand" + '''sack/袋''' /'sak/ "bag,sack", calquing Japanese '''てぶくろ/手袋''' "glove"
* '''weidkind/茸''' /'we:tkint/ "mushroom" - from '''weid/木''' /'we:t/ "wood" + '''kind/子''' /'kint/ "child", calquing Japanese '''キノコ/茸''' "mushroom"
* '''gardfogel/鶏''' /'gartfogəl/ "chicken"<ref>however, it is possible that '''gardfogel''' is not a calque of Japanese '''にわとり''', as the term '''gardfogel''' has been common when Urban Basanawa speakers started to systemically borrow Japanese words</ref> - from '''gard/庭/園''' /'gart/ "garden" + '''fogel/鳥''' /'fogəl/ "bird", calquing Japanese '''にわとり/鶏''' "chicken"
* '''potding/鍋物''' /'potdiŋ/ "hot pot, nabemono", calquing Japanese '''なべもの/鍋物''' "hot pot, nabemono"

==Phonology==
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Consonants
|-
! !! Labials !! Alveolars !! Postalveolars/ Palatals !! Velars/ Glottals
|-
! Nasals
| m || n || || ŋ
|-
! Plosives
| p b || t d || || k g
|-
! Affricates
| || ts dz || tʃ dʒ ||
|-
! Fricatives
| f v || s || ʃ || x~h
|-
! Sonorants
| || r l || j || w
|}
* /v/ is actually the labiodental approximant [ʋ] rather than the labiodental fricative [v] in the actual speech of many speakers.
* /dz/ is sometimes realized as [z]
* /ŋ/ is only contrastive with /n/ at the end of a word, in other places, /ŋ/ is an allophone of /n/ before velars.
* /h/ is pronunced as [x] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a non-front consonant; /h/ is pronunced as [ç] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a front consonant
* the contrast between /p/ and /b/, /t/ and /d/, and /k/ and /g/ is in fact a contrast between fortis and lenis plosives, rather than a contrast between voiceless and voiced plosives, or a contrast between aspirated and non-aspirated plosives.
* /b/, /d/, /g/, /dz/, /dʒ/, /v/ are neutralized respectively with /p/, /t/, /k/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /f/ word-finally.

===Vowels===
Like English and Yiddish, but unlike other Germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't have front rounded vowels, the vowel system of Urban Basanawa is more similar to that of Spanish or Japanese:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+vowels
|-
! !! front || central !! back
|-
! high
| i i: || || u u:
|-
! mid
| e e: || ə || o o:
|-
! low
| || a a:
|}

* In some dialects, the actual pronunciations of the short vowels /i e a o u/ are [ɪ ɛ ɐ ɔ ʊ]

===Sound Changes from Old Saxon to Urban Basanawa===
Although Urban Basanawa has numerous borrowings, and most of them are from non-european languages, most common words and most words used in everyday speech are inherent from Old Saxon, which clearly shows that Urban Basanawa is a West-Germanic language, and as Urban Basanawa has evolved for a long time from Old Saxon, there are certainly some sound changes.

Rules listed below might not be correct, and may not be the complete list. Some of the sound changes coincide with those happened in other Low German dialects, others are peculiar to Urban Basanawa.

Most sound changes of Stage I occured when people who spoke the ancestor languages of Urban Basanawa(persumbly Old Saxon and Middle Low German dialects) were still live in our world, and most sound changes of Stage II occured after they arrived "De Niuland".

Stage I

* i:a > e:
* io > e:
* iu > y:(?) or ie(?) > i:

* ao,aw,auw > ɔ:
* a:o > a:w
* a:i > a:i
* iuw > iu
* euw > eu
* ei,e:i > i:
* e:o,e:w > e:
* V[-stressed](especially when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)(however, this rule is controversial)
* wu > wo
* a > o / _ld (before final consonant devoicing)

* Open syllable lengthening:
** a > ɑ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** o,u,au > ɔ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** e,i > ɛ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** ø,y > œ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables

* V[-stressed] > ə
* V:[-stressed] > V

* θ,(ð) > d (before final consonant devoicing)

* C > C[-voice] / _#(final consonant devoicing)

* Unronding of front rounded vowels(this sound change probably occured much later, but it certainly occurred before the earliest writing record):
** y: > i:
** ø: > e:
** y > i
** ø > e
** œ: > ɛ:
** e: > ei / !_[t,d,θ,ð,r,x~h](uncertain)
** o: > ou / !_[t,d,θ,ð,r,x~h](uncertain)

Stage II

* V: > V / _C(ə)R(R is an resonant /m n l r/, especially before /dər/)(this happens before the diphthongization of vowels and the raising of long vowels; moreover, in certain words, the process was undone due to morphological levelling)

* C: > C

* diphthongization of vowels:
** i:,a:i > ai
** u:,a:w > au
** o:i > oi
** eu,iu > iu

* raising of long vowels:
** ɑ:,a: > a:
** e: (>ei) > i:
** o: (>ou) > u:
** ɛ(:) > e(:)
** ɔ(:) > o(:)

* z > s / #_

* h > Ø / V_V(this sound change probably occured much earlier)

* ə > Ø / _#

there are some irregularities among words, the emergence of these irregularities were probably due to dialect mixing and dialect levelling at some earlier stages of Urban Basanawa:


* Old Saxon ''sumar'' > Urban Basanawa ''summer/夏'' /sumər/ "summer" (the expected form would be *''sommer'' /somər/, it is possible that it changed to summer by analogy of the semantically related word ''sun'' "sun", possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''thiudisk'' > Urban Basanawa ''detch'' /detʃ/ and ''deetch'' /di:tʃ/ (the expected form would be *''daitch'' /daitʃ/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or it was remodelled after the related Old Saxon word thīod or its descendants before the formation of Urban Basanawa)
* Old Saxon ''duru'' > Urban Basanawa ''door/扉'' /du:r/ "door" (the expected form ''dore/扉'' /do:r/ also exists, which created a pair of doublets /do:r/ and /du:r/, it is possible that the emergence of doublet in this word and some other words was due to dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''wika'' > Urban Basanawa ''week/週'' /wi:k/ "week" (the expected form would be *''weik'' /we:k/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing. or modelled after the Old Saxon word wēk "weak")
* Old Saxon *''butera''(speculated form, deduced from Proto (west) Germanic *''buterô'') > Urban Basanawa ''butter/ブッタル'' /butər/ "butter" (the expected form would be *''botter'', possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or actually evolved through the sound change "V[-stressed](especiall when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_C(R is an resonant /m n l r/)" regularly)
* Old Saxon ''hert'' > Urban Basanawa ''hart/心'' /hart/ "heart" (the expected form would be *''hert'' /hert/)

possible irregular words:

* Old Saxon ''frī'' > Urban Basanawa ''free/自由い'' /fri:/ "free" (the expected word would be *''frai'' */frai/ or *''frei'' */fre:/, but it is possible that it was actually a regular sound change modelled after certain forms of adjectives, or modelled after ''dree'', ''free''(the verb evolved regularly from Old Saxon ''frīohon'') or was an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
*words that are subject of the rule "i,u[-stressed] > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)":
** Old Saxon ''bilith'' > Urban Basanawa ''bild/図/像'' /bilt/ "picture, image" (the expected word would be *''beld'' */belt/, it is possible that the form *''bilthi'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''miluk'' > Urban Basanawa ''milk/乳/ミルク'' /milk/ "milk" (the expected word would be *''melk'' */melk/, it is possible that the form *''milk'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''kirikǭ'' > Urban Basanawa ''kirk/教会'' /kirk/ "church" (the expected word would be *''kerk'' /kerk/, it is possible that the form *kirkǭ also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''siluvar'' > Urban Basanawa ''silver/銀'' /silvər/ "silver" (the expected word would be *''selver'' /selvər/, it is possible that the form *''silvar'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)

==Writing systems==
There are several ways to write Urban Basanawa. two of them are introduced below:

===Roman Script/Oldwriting===
The Roman Script for Urban Basanawa, also called the "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Urban Basanawa, is a way to write Urban Basanawa. Roman Script never became widespread among the Detch people, and it has become obsolete, but for the sake of the readers, most Urban Basanawa contents in this article will be written using Roman Scripts.

*A - /a/
*AA - /a:/
*A$Ë - /a:/
*AI - /ai/
*AU - /au/
*B - /b/
*BB - /b/
*CH - /x/
*CK - /k/
*D - /d/
*DD - /d/
*DJ - /dʒ/
*DZ - /dz~z/
*E - /e/
*Ë - /ə/, if it ends a word and is not followed by any consonant, it is silent
*EE - /i:/
*EI - /e:/
*E$Ë - /e:/
*F - /f/
*G - /g/
*GG - /g/
*H - /h/
*I - /i/
*IE - /i:/
*I$Ë - /ai/
*K - /k/
*L - /l/
*M - /m/
*N - /n/
*O - /o/
*OO - /u:/
*OU - /o:/
*OW - /o:/
*O$Ë - /o:/
*P - /p/
*PP - /p/
*R - /r/
*S - /s/
*SS - /s/
*SH - /ʃ/
*T - /t/
*TT - /t/
*TZ - /ts/
*TCH - /tʃ/
*U - /u/
*U$Ë - /au/
*UË - /u:/
*UU - /u:/
*V - /v/
*W - /w/
*WR - /vr/
*Y - /j/(as a consonant),/ai/(as a vowel)

Note:
# $ represents any single consonant
# A, E, O are lengthened to /a:/,/e:/,/o:/ in open syllables
# Ë is not used in actual manuscripts of Urban Basanawa.

===Kanji and Kana===
Urban Basanawa is highly influenced by the Japanese language, and the Detch people have even adopted Japanese Kanji and Kana to write Urban Basanawa, Kanji and Kana for Urban Basanawa has become the most widespread way to write Urban Basanawa among the Detch people.

The Kanji and Kana system used to write Urban Basanawa is called the "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字), the Kanji part is called 漢字(Oldwriting: Kandji) in Urban Basanawa, the Kana part is called 仮名(Oldwriting: Kana) in Urban Basanawa.

====Reading of Kandjis in Urban Basanawa====
Like Japanese Kanji, there are several ways to read Basanawa kandji of Basanawa-dji: 音読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: On-lesing), 訓読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Kun-lesing), 混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Mixed-lesing) and 熟字訓(Oldwriting: Djukudjikun), they are similar to the Japanese On'yomi, Kun'yomi, Mixed readings and Special readings.

=====音読えせぃんﾟ(On-lesing)=====
The '''On-lesing''', the Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a Sino-Japanese word, all On-lesings are borrowed from Japanese On'yomi.

The On-lesing of many words in Urban basanawa are pronunced almost the same as the On'yomi of their Japanese counterparts.

More formal or academic terms are more likely to use On-lesing; while more informal or daily terms are more likely to use Kun-lesing, but there are exceptions.

Example of On-lesings(kandji - On-lesing pronunciation - meaning):

* 音楽 - /ongaku/ - "music"
* 科学 - /kagaku/ - "science"
* 生物学 - /se:butsugaku/ - "biology"
* 地質学 - /tʃiʃitsugaku/ - "geology"
* 予算 - /josan/ - "budget"
* 細胞 - /saibo:/ - "cell(biology)"
* 証明書 - /ʃo:me:ʃo:/ - "certificate"
* 学校 - /gakko:/ - "school"
* 廃墟 - /haikijo/ - "ruin"
* 報酬 - /ho:ʃu:/ - "reward"
* 責任 - /sekinin/ - "responsibility"
* 気体 - /kitai/ - "gas"
* 工場 - /ko:dʒo:/ - "factory"
* 魔法 - /maho:/ - "magic"
* 少女 - /ʃo:dʒo/ - "girl"
* 経済 - /ke:dzai/ - "economy"
* 博士 - /hakuʃi/ - "doctor(one with a doctorate degree)"
* 割引 - /waribiki/ - "discount"
* 国家 - /kokka/ - "country"

however, not every pronunciation from Japanese is seen as a On-lesing, a pronunciation that is from the Yamatokotoba of Japanese is seen as a Kunn-lesing in Urban Basanawa.

=====訓読えせぃんﾟ(Kun-lesing)=====
The '''Kun-lesing''', the non-Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a non-Sino-Japanese word, or '''Landsword'''(Basanawa-dji: 国詞), that closely approximated the meaning of the Chinese character when it was introduced. As with On-lesing, there can be multiple Kun-lesing for the same kandji, and some kandji have no Kun-lesing at all.

Most of the Kun-lesings are of Germanic origin and are inherited from Old Saxon rather than borrowed, and many of them are basic words used in everyday speeech, which reflects the fact that Urban Basanawa is actually a west-Germanic language despite not using writing systems common to other Germanic languages, those Germanic-origin words inherited from Old Saxon are sometimes called '''Saxënword'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン詞). All Saxënwords are Landswords, but not all Landswords are Saxënwords, as Landswords contain words of Austronesian origin, words of Slavic origin, and words of other origins.

Example of Kun-lesings(kandji - Kun-lesing pronunciation - meaning):
* 西 - /'west/ - "west"
* 北 - /'nort/ - "north"
* 屋 - /'haus/ - "house"
* 橋 - /'brik/ - "bridge"
* 馬 - /'ros/ - "horse"
* 山 - /'berx/ - "mountain"
* 朝 - /'morgən/ - "morning"
* 夜 - /'naxt/ - "night"
* 日 - /'sun/ - "sun"
* 日 - /'dax/ - "day"
* 病 - /'ba:n/ - "disease"
* 鬼 - /'gi:st/ - "ghost"
* 魚 - /'fiʃ/ - "fish(general term)"
* 魚 - /'riba/ - "fish(euphemism used by fishers and anglers)"
* 畑 - /'felt/ - "field"
* 田 - /'sa:wa/ - "paddy field"
* 鶏 - /'manuk/ - "chicken"
* 綿 - /'kapuk/ - "cotton"
* 帝 - /'radʒa/ - "emperor, raja"
* 薬 - /'lek/ - "medicine(substance for curing), drug"
* 壺 - /'dzbanek/ - "jug"
* 蛸 - /'tako/ - "octopus"
* 猫 - /'neko/ - "cat"
* ときめき - /tokimeki/ - "crush(feeling of love)"
* 萌え - /'moe/ - "crush(feeling of love, especially to a cutie), cute(especially for a lovely girl)"
* 食えいと - /'e:t/ - "to eat"
* 見えい - /'se:/ - "to see"
* 見いんど - /'fint/ - "to find"
* 作く - /'ma:k/ - "to make"
* 送ど - /'sent/ - "to send"
* 費ど - /'spent/ - "to spend"
* 老ど - /'olt/ - "old"
* 他る - /'odər/ - "other"
* 大と - /'gru:t/ - "great, large, big"
* 生う - /'ro:/ - "raw"
* 大い - /'vilki/ - "large"
* 海星 - /'si:ster/ - "starfish"

=====混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Mixëd-lesing)=====
There are kandji compounds that use a mixture of On-lesing and Kun-lesing, they are known as '''Mixëd-lesing'''.

=====義訓(Gikun)/熟字訓(Djukudjikun)=====
'''Gikun''' and '''Djukudjikun''' are readings of kandji combinations that have no direct correspondence to the characters' individual On-lesing or Kun-lesing, but rather are connected with their meaning.

Example of Gikun/Djukudjikun(kandji - Gikun/Djukudjikun pronunciation - meaning):
* 兵器 - /'wa:pən/ - "weapon"
* 飛行 - /'fle:x/ - "flight"
* 結婚式 - /'svadba/ - "wedding ceremony"
* 精神 - /'gi:st/ - "spirit"
* 聖書 - /al'kitap/ - "The Bible"
* 玻璃 - /'glas/ - "glass"
* 教会 - /'kirk/ - "church"
* 子牛 - /'kalf/ - "calf(of a cow)"
* 地獄 - /'hel/ - "hell"
Due to the fact that Germanic languages have phonological and semantic structures different from that of Chinese languages or Japanese, and that there are considerable amounts loanwords of Slavic and Austronesian origin in Urban Basanawa, it is believed that the proportion of Gikun and Djukudjikun in Urban Basanawa is higher than that in Japanese.

==Grammar==
Being a germanic language, it shares many common structures with English, but there are also differences.

===Word Order===
The word order of Urban Basanawa is very similar to English:
*Basic word order: Subject-Verb-Object(SVO)
*Adpositions are prepositions
*Demonstratives and Numerals precede the noun they modify, relative clauses follow the noun they modify, adjectives can precede or follow the noun they modify(prenominal adjectives are more common)
Urban Basanawa does not have V2 order at all, and word order inversion is not used for interrogatives, and Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial yes-no question particle.

===Interrogatives===
In Urban Basanawa, word order inversion is not used for interrogatives:
* Du saast wat? - what did you see?
* Hau du feelst? - how do you feel?

Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial particle for yes-no questions "is-it dat":
* is-it dat it is de haus fon dy tomodatchi? - is it the house of your friend?

"is-it dat" is frequently contracted to "ista".

It is also possible to ask yes-no questions simply by using a raising intonation on a sentence(In Urban Basanawa, like English, declarative sentences usually have a falling intonation):

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

which is equivalent to the following sentence:

* is-it dat Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

Tag question is formed by adding the negation word "ne" to the end of the sentence:

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep, ne? - Noire has fallen in love with Nep-nep, hasn't she?

===Relative clauses===
Relative clauses start with the invariant relativizers dë and dat:
* dë haus, dë is by dë strand, was bocht faif yaars beforë - the house, which is by the beach, was bought five years ago.
* dë musume, dë [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Nepgear|Nepgear]] luëvët, is dë imowto fon Noire - the girl, whom Nepgear loves, is the younger sister of Noire.

dat can also be used to form nominal clauses:
* it is good, dat all kindër kan gaa to gackows. - it is good that all children can go to schools.
* [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] ne kent dat [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Noire|Noire]], dë Megami fon [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Lastation|Lastation]], hat fallën in koi mid iem. - Nep-nep doesn't know that Noire, the Goddess of Lastation, has fallen in love with her.

Unlike most European languages, interrogative words(the so-called relative pronouns) are not used for relative clauses except for relative clauses without antecedents.

===Negation===
negation is formed by using the negation word ''ne'', the word ne precedes the word it negates:

* Leanbox ne hat Megami Kouhosei - Leanbox doesn't have CPU candidates.
* In dë miestze, dë hat fishbeens swimmënd, Uni sheedë mid Nepgear, for Uni dacht, dat Nepgear ne heelëd Noire, dë oneisan fon Uni. - in the place where there are swimming fishbones, Uni broke up with Nepgear, for Uni thought that Nepgear didn't save Noire, Uni's big sister.

ne usually follows an aux verb:

* Nepgear konst ne fërstand, wai Uni weld ne feech ien. - Nepgear couldn't understand why Uni didn't want to join her.

It is supposed that the Urban Basanawa ''ne'' is not directly from Proto-Germanic ''ne'', but rather a contraction of earlier negations.

===Possession===
Possession can be formed by using prepositions, the most common preposition for possession is "fon", if a preposition is used for possession, the possessor follows the possessed:

* dë haus fon dë megami - the goddess's house
* dë wagën fon dy fadër - the car of your father

also, a structure similar to the "His-genitive" in English is also used, where the 3rd singular possessive pronoun "is" is used, if the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is used for possession, the possessor precedes the possessed, the possessive pronoun frequently pronunced as "s" and written as "së" in Oldwriting:

* dë megami së haus/だ女神彼す屋 - /də 'megami s 'haus/ - the goddess's house
* dy faddër së wagën/だ父彼す車 - /dai fadər s 'wagən/ - the car of your father

The "is" in this usage does not influenced by the number of possessor or possessed:

* dë werker së gëreed - /də werkər sə gəri:t/ - the tool of the worker
* dë werker së gëreeds - /də werkər sə gəri:ts/ - the tools of the worker
* dë werkers së gëreed - /də werkərs sə gəri:t/ - the tool of the workers
* dë werkers së gëreeds - /də werkərs sə gəri:ts/ - the tools of the workers

the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is standard in Urban Basanawa.

there was an genitive case suffix -s, but the genitive -s suffix has fallen out of use and has become a derivative affix used for some compounds.

===Noun===
Nouns has lost the distinction between genders and cases, but it still has the distinction between singular and plural forms.

there are different types of nouns: s-nouns, n-nouns, r-nouns, umlaut-nouns.

the plural form of a s-noun is formed by adding the -s/-ës suffix to the end of the noun, it seems that most nouns belong to this class:

*man("man") - mans(the plural form of man can also be men or mennër)
*fingër("finger") - fingërs
*boom("tree") - booms
*fish("fish") - fishës
*ring("ring") - rings
*dag("day") - dagës
*maud("mouth") - maudës

the plural form of a n-noun is formed by adding the -n/-ën suffix to the end of the noun:

*oog("eye") - oogën
*erd("earth") - erdën

the plural form of a r-noun is formed by adding the -r/-ër suffix to the end of the noun, and the stem vowel may undergo umlaut:

*lamb("lamb") - lembër
*kalf("calf") - kelvër
*kind("child") - kindër

the plural form of a umlaut-noun is formed by changing the stem vowel:

*foot("foot") - feet
*book("book") - beek
*kau("cow") - kai
*maus("mouse") - mais
*gast("guest") - gest
*burg("city") - birg

Plural forms are not obliged in Urban Basanawa, and in colloquial speech it is common to use singular forms in place of plural forms.

===Verb===
Verbs conjugate according to tense-aspect-moods.

Verbs have infinitive, present, past, present participle, past participle forms, in earlier forms of Urban Basanawa, the infinitive form of a verb ends with -ën, but the -ën ending has been dropped, and they are identical to the present form in almost every case(some verbs still maintain different infinitive forms), the infinitive form ending in -ën is largely considered as an archaic form.

as most germanic languages, Urban Basanawa verbs can be devided into two classes: strong verb and weak verb.

the past tense of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d/-t to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel if it is a strong verb

the present participle of a verb, no matter it is a strong or weak verb, is formed by adding -ënd to the end of the infinitive form.

the past participle of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d/-t to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel and then adding -ën to the end if it is a strong verb, in more archaic or some dialectical usages, the prefix gë- is used for past participle forms also.

some examples are shown below:

Strong verb:
* Nep-nep etët gohan - [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] eats a meal
* Nep-nep is etënd gohan/Nep-nep is an (dë) etë gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep doot etënd gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep atët gohan - Nep-nep ate a meal
* Nep-nep hat etën gohan - Nep-nep has eaten a meal

Weak verb:
* hi makët rings - he/she makes ring.
* hi is makënd rings/hi is an (dë) makë rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi doot makënd rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi makëd rings - he/she made rings.
* hi hat makëd rings - he/she has made rings.

Like English, infinitives of Urban Basanawa can be preceded by the particle "to", but the to-infinitive is not frequently used in some dialects of Urban Basanawa.

In Urban Basanawa, the verbal noun of a verb is formed by using the -ing suffix, also, in many strong verbs, the verbal noun can be formed by simply applying the ablaut of the stem:

* (to) makë("to make") - mak'''ing'''("act of making")
* (to) s'''i'''ng ("to sing") - s'''a'''ng/sing'''ing'''("act of singing")
* (to) f'''i'''nd ("to find") - f'''a'''nd/find'''ing'''("act of finding")

however, ablaut forms are largely fossilized in Urban Basanawa, and the -ing forms are more common even for strong verbs.

the usage of verbal nouns in Urban Basanawa is similar to that of English:

* warding folks is en megami is shigoto. - protecting people is the job of a goddess.
* drinking alë smertët eener is rau - drinking beers harms one's body.

-ing forms cannot be used for present particles, and present particles cannot be used for gerunds, so the sentences below are incorrect:
* *hi is making rings(the correct form is "hi is makënd rings" or "hi is an (dë) makë rings")
* *drinkënd alë smertët eener is rau(the correct form is "drinking alë smert eener is rau")

====Agreements====
present:
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -st/-est
*3rd person singular: -t/-et(same as 1st person singular in modal verbs )
*plural: -t/-et(-en in modal verbs)

preterite(past tense, agreement suffixes added after the past tense suffix -ëd in weak verbs):
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -st/-est
*3rd person singular: -
*plural: -n/-en

the verb "wese"("to be") and "have"("to have") have irregular forms:

"wese"("to be"):
present:
*1st person singular: bin
*2nd person singular: bist
*3rd person singular: is
*plural: sind

preterite:
*1st person singular: was
*2nd person singular: weer
*3rd person singular: was
*plural: warn

"have"("to have"):
present:
*1st person singular: have
*2nd person singular: hast
*3rd person singular: hat~haft
*plural: have

preterite:
*1st person singular: had
*2nd person singular: haddest
*3rd person singular: had
*plural: hadden

====Copula====
* infinitive: wesë
* present: is
* past: was
* past particle: wesën
In Colloquial usage, copulae can be omitted, especially the present copula "is":
* dat man en ribanik - that man is a fisher.
* dat ovët sweet - the fruit is sweet.

====Strong verbs====
Like other germanic languages, there are strong verbs in Urban Basanawa, and they follow certain patterns to produce different forms, although there are anomalies in strong verbs, making the patterns less regular.

Besides these patterns of stem vowel changes, the past participle forms of strong verbs require an -ën/-あ*ん(あ* is an A-dan kana where the consonant corresponds the ending consonant of the infinitive/present form of the verb it attaches to) ending.

The stem vowel of different classes of strong verbs are listed below(arranged in the form of "Present Tense - Past Tense - Past Participle"):

In Oldwriting：
* Class I: i$ë - ie$ - i$($)*
* Class II: au/ee - oo - o
* Class III:
** i - a - u
** e - a - o
* Class IV: e - a - o
* Class V: e/i - a - e
* Class VI: a - oo - a
* Class VII*:
** a/o - e/(ee/ie) - a/o
** aa/oo - ee - a/o

In Basanawa-dji:
* Class I: あい - いい - い
* Class II: あう/いい - うう - お
* Class III:
** い - あ - う
** え - あ - お
* Class IV: えい - ああ - お
* Class V:
** えい - ああ - え
** い - あ - え
* Class VI: あ/ああ - うう - あ
* Class VII*:
** あ/お - え/(いい) - あ/お
** ああ/おう - いい - あ/お

Note:
# In General, in Class VII strong verbs, if the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short; if the stem vowel of the present tense form is long, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also long; however, in the past tense forms of some Class VII strong verbs, while the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short, although in these verbs, there are usually more regular alternatives.
# The $ in the Class I strong verb pattern is a single consonant letter in Oldwriting.

===Adjective===
Like English, adjectives in the standard form don't agree with nouns they modify in Urban Basanawa, however, in archaic usages, attributive adjectives are ended with -ë:

* en goodë dag - 一ん良だ日 - a good day
* goodë dagës - 良だ日す - good days
* dë goodë dag - だ良だ日 - the good day
* dë goodë dagës - だ良だ日す - the good days

predicative adjectives, however, don't take the -ë ending:

* fondag is good - 今日いす良で - today is good

Adjectives of Germanic origin have comparative and superlative forms:
*comparative: -ër
*superlative: -ëst

for example:

* fondag is heet - 今日いす暑と - today is hot
* fondag is heetër dan gestërn - 今日いす暑たるだん昨日 - today is hotter than yesterday
* fondag is dë heetëst dag in dis yaar - 今日いすだ暑たすと日中ん此年 - today is the hottest day in this year

These forms are sometimes used on adjectives of non-Germanic origins, but its use is largely restricted to Germanic adjectives.

Due to the large amount of Japanese words in Urban Basanawa, there are also na-adjectives in Urban Basanawa. In Urban Basanawa, all na-adjectives are ended with -na(-な) or -no(-の), the -na(-な) and -no(-の) are dropped when these adjectives are used predicatively:

* en okubiyow-na kuroneko - 一ん臆病な黒猫 - a timid black-cat.
* dë kuroneko is okubiyow - だ黒猫いす臆病 - the black-cat is timid.

the -no(-の) ending can also be used for possessive adjectives.

==Words==
===Pronouns===

====personal pronouns====
Pronouns have cases, but the usage of subject pronouns is declining, and many dialects don't use subject pronouns at all.

1st person singular:
*subject: ik(吾)
*object: mi(我)
*genitive: my/minë(我い/我ん)

2nd person singular:
*subject: du(汝)
*object: di(爾)
*genitive: dy/dinë(爾い/爾ん)

3rd person singular:
*subject it(彼と)(inanimate)/hi(彼)(animate)
*object: it(彼と)(inanimate)/ien(彼ん)(animate)
*genitive: is(彼す)

1st person plural:
*subject: wi(我等)
*object: us(我等す)
*genitive: aus/ur~aur(我等す/我等る)
*subject/object(in some dialects): mi allër(generic or exclusive)/yumi(inclusive, from yu+mi)

2nd person plural:
*subject: yi(汝等)
*object: yu(爾等)
*genitive: yur(爾等る)

3rd person plural:
*subject/object: allër/sie(彼等)
*genitive: ier(彼等る)

reflexive: self(己)(also used with the genitive form of other pronouns)

for some personal pronouns, there were emphatic forms:

1st person singular:
*object: my

2nd person singular:
*subject: dau
*object: dy

1st person plural:
*object: aus

====demonstratives====

*this: dis/dit(此)
*that: dat(彼)
*these: dese(此す)
*those: die(彼い)
*here: hier(ひいる/此る)
*there: daar(だある/彼る)
*the(definite article): dë(だ)

====interrogative pronouns====

*who: wee(誰い)
*what: wat(何と)
*when: wan(何ん)
*where: wor(をる/何る)/war(わる/何る)
*how: hau(はう/何う)
*why: wai/warum(わい/何い)
*which: wilk(ゐるﾟく/何く)
Interrogatives are not used to start relative clauses when there are antecedents.

===Numerals===
# 1: een/en(一)
# 2: twee(二)
# 3: dree(三)
# 4: fier(四)
# 5: faif/fimf(五)
# 6: sex(六)
# 7: sevën(七)
# 8: acht(八)
# 9: negën(九)
# 10: ten(十)
# 11: elvën~elf(十一)
# 12: twelf(十二)
# 13: dreetin(十三)
# 14: fiertin(十四)
# 15: fiftin(十五)
# 16: sextin(十六)
# 17: sevëntin(十七)
# 18: achtin(十八)
# 19: negëntin(十九)
# 20: twentig(二十)
* 30: dreetig(三十)
* 40: fiertig(四十)
* 50: fiftig(五十)
* 60: sextig(六十)
* 70: sevëntig(七十)
* 80: achtig(八十)
* 90: negëntig(九十)
* hundred: hundërd(百)
* thousand: dausënd(千)

* ordinal number marker: -t/-ët(番)

For ordinal numbers, first and second have special forms:
* first: erst(一番)
* second: odër(二番/他る)(also means "other", the regular form "twee-t" is also used)

===Conjunctions===
*when/if: wen(ゑん)
*if: ef(えふ)
*before: bëforë(ば前る/前る)
*after: aftër(後た)
*and: end/en(えん/又ん)
*or: ed/eddë(えだ)
*but: ack(あく)
*then/than: dan(だん)

===Content Words===
====Names of Months====
Urban Basanawa has two set set of names of months, one is Slavic-origin, the other is Japanese-origin, the set of the latin-derived calendar month names used in many western europe languages(like English) is not used in Urban Basanawa:

Japanese-origin:
# January: Mutzuki(睦月)
# February: Kisaragi(如月)
# March: Yayoi(弥生)
# April: Udzuki(卯月)
# May: Satzuki(皐月)/Sanaetzuki(早苗月)
# June: Minadzuki(水無月)
# July: Fumidzuki(文月)
# August: Hadzuki(葉月)
# September: Nagatzuki(長月)
# October: Kannadzuki(神無月)
# November: Shimotzuki(霜月)
# December: Shiwasu(師走)

Slavic-origin:
# January: Stitchen
# February: Luti
# March: Madjetz
# April: kvitchen
# May: Mai
# June: Tchervitz
# July: Lipitz
# August: Sherpin
# September: Vdjeshen
# October: Pazdjernik
# November: Listopat
# December: Grudjen

====Days of a week====
#Monday: maandag(月日)/getzuyowbi(月曜日)
#Tuesday: firedag(火日)/kayowbi(火曜日)
#Wednsday: waterdag(水日)/suiyowbi(水曜日)
#Thursday: wieddag(木日)/mokuyowbi(木曜日)
#Friday: golddag(金日)/kinyowbi(金曜日)
#Saturday: sobota/erddag(土日)/doyowbi(土曜日)*
#Sunday: sundag(日日)/nitchiyowbi(日曜日)
The word "sobota" is the most common term for saturday in Urban Basanawa

====Kinship terms====

*Father: fadër(父)
*Mother: modër(母)

The terms for sibling is rather complex in Urban Basanawa, comparable to that of Hungarian:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:200px; height:200px;"
|+ Siblings terms in Urban Basanawa
|-
!
! older
! younger
! unspecified
|-
! male
| ani(兄) || otowto(弟) || brodër(兄弟)
|-
! female
| ane(姉) || imowto(妹) || swestër(姉妹)
|-
! unspecified
| kakak(兄姉) || adik(弟妹) || gësibb(兄弟姉妹) brodër-swestër(兄弟姉妹) kakak-adik(兄弟姉妹)
|}

that means all the sentences below can be used to mean "Nepgear is the little sister of Nep-nep":
* Nepgear is dë swestër fon Nep-nep(specify the gender, but not the relative age)
* Nepgear is dë adik fon Nep-nep(specify the relative age, but not the gender)
* Nepgear is dë imowto fon Nep-nep(specify both the gender and the relative age)

Kinship terms are ususally borrowing-resistant items of the lexicon of a language, however, it is obvious that there are many Austronesian- and Japanese-derived kinship terms in Urban Basanawa, which may indicate the effect of substrate languages, and Japanese, which is usually seen as a superstratum of Urban Basanawa, may have also played a role as a substratum in the formation of Urban Basanawa.

==Similarities to English and other west-germanic languages==
While talking about things of the everyday life, Urban Basanawa does not differ much from other west germanic languages, except for the writing system:

* dë man is in dë Haus /də man is in də haus/ - だ男いす中んだ屋 - The man is in the house
* du hast twee kau /du hast twi: kau/ - 汝持すと二牛 - you have two cows
* dat is ne dy ball, it is my ball /dat is ne dai bal it is mai bal/ - 彼いす非爾い球、彼といす我い球 - that is not your ball, it is my ball.

Some sentences are even identical or near-identical to their counterparts in other west germanic languages:
* It is good. - /it is gu:t/ - 彼といす良ど - It is good.(similar to its counterpart in English when written in Oldwriting)
* My hand is in warm watër. - /mai hant is in warm watər/ - 我い手いす中ん温む水 - My hand is in warm water.(similar to its counterpart in English and Afrikaans when written in Oldwriting)
* Dat is en hund. - /it is en hunt/ - 彼いす一ん犬 - that is a dog(similar to its counterpart in Low German when written in Oldwriting)

But when it comes to more academic ideas, Urban Basanawa sometimes can be almost completely alien to speakers of other germanic languages:

* Bibunsekibungaku is dë kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku, it doo kenkiyuu bibunhow en sekibunhow /bibunsekibungaku is də kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku it du: kenkju: bibunho: en sekibunho:/ - 微分積分学いすだ基本的な部分ふぉん解析学、彼とどぅう研究微分法又ん積分法 - Calculus is the fundamental part of mathematical analysis, it researches differentiation and integration.

==Example sentences==
(Oldwriting - Basanawa-dji - English translation)
* Nepgear is en kawaii musume, Uni is ook en kawaii musume. - ネプギアいす一ん可愛い娘、ユニいすううく一ん可愛い娘。 - Nepgear is a cute girl, Uni is also a cute girl.
* Noire weepëd an dë svadba fon Nepgear en Uni, for Uni, dë imowto fon Noire, hat wordën dë hanayome fon Nepgear, dë imowto fon Nep-nep. - ノワール泣ぱど在んだ<ruby>結婚式<rp>(</rp><rt>svadba</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>ふぉんネプギア又んユニ、為るユニ、だ妹ふぉんノワール、はと成おるだんだ花嫁ふぉんネプギア、だ妹ふぉんねぷねぷ。 - Noire weeped at the wedding ceremony of Nepgear and Uni, for Uni, the little sister of Noire, has become the bride of Nepgear, the little sister of Nep-nep.

* Bunkatekina mixing en fërbettëring is dë dentow fon dë Urban Basanawa sprekërs. - 文化的な混しんﾟ又ん変る良たりんﾟいすだ伝統ふぉんだばさなわ話者す - Cultural mixing and enhancing is the tradition of the Urban Basanawa speakers.
* en Basa is en howgen mid en guntai en kaigun. - 一ん語いす一ん方言みど一ん軍隊又ん海軍 - A language is a dialect with an Army and Navy(אַ שפּראַך איז אַ דיאַלעקט מיט אַן אַרמיי און פֿלאָט)
* ne neme af my seiraafuku - ね脫む去ふ我いセーラー服 - Don't take off my sailor suit.
* hi saa en Unkenned Fleegend Oogenseinding an dë hemmel - he saw an UFO on the sky.

UDHR Article 1 in Urban Basanawa:
* All ningen sind born free en gelike in songen en rechts, sie sind geven mid risei en riyowshin, en shallen doo mid en-oder in en gest fon kinnigheid.(全るﾟ人間すぃんど生おるん自由いえん同く中ん尊厳えん権、彼等すぃんど与えわﾟんみど理性えん良心、えんしゃらﾟん為う互るﾟ中ん精神ふぉん親族にきﾟへいど) - All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Lord's prayer in Urban Basanawa:

Oldwriting:

: ur Fadder, d'is an heven<ref>the usual word for "heaven" in the afterlife sense in Urban Basanawa is "kamuimossir", the Urban Basanawa word ''heven'' simply means "sky" in most usage</ref>,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, hope du gevest to us fondag
: en hope du fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergeve ur beshulders
: en hope du ne leedst us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Basanawa-dji:

: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食望汝与うﾟすとと我等す今日
: 又ん望汝赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えうﾟ我等之負者
: 又ん望汝無ん率どすと我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

The following Urban Basanawa sentences are same to the corrsponding sentences in some other languages in respect of both written forms and meanings:
* It is good.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English)
* My hand is in warm watër.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English and Afrikaans)
* Dat is en hund.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Low German)
* Oneitchan daisuki(お姉ちゃん大好き) - (when written in "Basanawa-dji", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Japanese)

==Notes==
<references />

[[Category:Germanic conlangs]]
[[Category:A posteriori conlangs]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

Urban Basanawa

2015-02-06T12:49:31Z

K1234567890y: /* Adjective */

{{Infobox
|name=Basanawa ''Basanawa/ばさなわ'' Saxenspraak/サクサン語
|pronounce=/basa'nawa/ / /saksənspra:k/
|tu=
|species=Human
|in=
|no=(unknown)
|script=Latin(the Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is called "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Basanawa) Kanji and Kana(the Basanawa variant of Kanji and Kana is called "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字) in Basanawa) The Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is considered as an archaic writing system among Basanawa speakers.
|tree=[[Proto-Indo-European|Indo-European]] 
 Germanic 
  West-Germanic 
   Ingvaeonic 
    Low German? 
     '''Urban Basanawa'''
|morph=Isolating/Agglutinative~Fusional
|ms=Accusative
|wo=SVO
|creator=[[User:k1234567890y]]
|date=2014
|cals=basanawa
}}

'''Urban Basanawa'''(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ), natively known as '''Saxënspraak'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン語), '''Basakota'''(derived from Rural Basanawa), '''Burgbasa''' or '''Burgspraak''', is a West-Germanic (constructed) language belonging to the Indo-European language family, it is an [[:wikipedia:en:Ingvaeonic languages|Ingvaeonic language]](or a North Sea Germanic language) and is very close to English(in terms of basic words), it is spoken on another planet called "Dë Niuland"(also called "Dë Niuwerld", Basanawa-dji: だ新世界), as the speakers were accidentally transferred by a wormhole to "Dë Niuland".

Urban Basanawa is one of the two language of the Detch people(or Deetch people), the other is [[Rural Basanawa]], more than 70% of the Detch people speak Urban Basanawa as their native tongue.

Like English, Yiddish and Wymysorys, Urban Basanawa is a west-germanic language with a large amount of loanwords.

Urban Basanawa developed from Old Saxon, but the inflection system has been greatly reduced; There are many loanwords from Slavic languages(Mainly a language closely related to Polish, perhaps a dialect of Polish), Malay and Japanese, also, due to the influence of Japanese, and being isolated from other germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't use Latin or Ancient Greek as its source of academic terms.

Despite not being an Anglo-Frisian language, many words of Urban Basanawa are pronunced the same or similar to their English cognates, like feet("feet", pronunciation /fi:t/), fish("fish", pronunciation /fiʃ/), bring("to bring", pronunciation /briŋ/), green("green", pronunciation /gri:n/); but some words are pronunced differently from their English cognates, like ook("eye", pronunciation /u:x/), eggë("edge", pronunciation /ek/), etë("to eat", pronunciation /e:t/); also, there are words which are false friends to their English cognates, for example, deer("animal", pronunciation /di:r/, cognate to English "deer"), selfish("private", pronunciation /selfiʃ/, cognate to English "selfish" but with very different meanings to its English cognates), sood("to prove", pronunciation /su:t/, cognate to English "soothe").

It is thought that [[Toka na Musume]], a language of anime-girl-like girls, is derived from Urban Basanawa, or a creolized form of Urban Basanawa.

The name "[[Basanawa]]" is shared by two languages spoken by the Detch people, one is an Ingvaeonic West Germanic language, called "Urban Basanawa"; the other is an Malayic Malay-Polynesian language, called "[[Rural Basanawa]]", what is introduced in this article, is the "Urban Basanawa" language. Despite sharing the name and used by the same ethnic group, "Urban Basanawa" and "Rural Basanawa" belong to two unrelated language families.

==Origin of words==
Urban Basanawa is a language with a large quantity of loanwords, the source of words is various, and many(if not most) of them are of non-european origin. It is said that most classical languagew of Eurasia of our word, including Classical Chinese(mainly via Japanese), Sanskrit(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Arabic(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Latin and Ancient Greek have all contributed some words to Urban Basanawa.

Despite having numerous loanwords, Urban Basanawa is certainly a west Germanic language close to English, Low German and Frisian, and most of its grammatical structures and functional words are of Germanic origin.

===Germanic===
Urban Basanawa is a germanic language, it evolves from Old Saxon, most germanic words in Urban Basanawa are inherited from Old Saxon(through sound changes), thus, Urban Basanawa could be seen as a dialect of Low German, but the merger between front rounded vowel into their unrounded counterparts, the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/(Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/ have become /ai/ and /au/ respectively in Urban Basanawa), the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/(the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/, and the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/ have made some Urban Basanawa words sound like their English or Standard German cognates), the preservation of the distinction between Old Saxon short /o/ and /u/, lexical differences(Besides loanwords, semantic shift of native words can also create obstacles in communication) and grammatical changes(Urban Basanawa has lost all nominal cases, and has also lost the germanic V2 order, becoming a SVO language, also, adjectival inflections in Urban Basanawa have also become unproductive and fossilized) can hinder the mutual intelligibility between Urban Basanawa and Low German dialects.

Unlike Low German dialects, the distinction between short /o/ and /u/ of Old Saxon is still maintained in Urban Basanawa.

Besides words that are inherited from Old Saxon, some germanic-origin words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed, some of them are early borrowings borrowed from other germanic dialects in Old Saxon Period, some others are borrowed later indirect through Slavic languages or Japanese, which created some doublets:

* land("land", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - lond("owned land, owned field, property", a slavic borrowing)
* ring("ring", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - rinek("market", a slavic borrowing)
* shirt("apron", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - shatzu("shirt", a japanese borrowing)

Although Urban Basanawa has borrowed kinship terms from Japanese, kinship terms of germanic origin are actually still used in daily communications, also, the pronominal system of Urban Basanawa is still germanic, not influenced by other languages.

===Austronesian===
Urban Basanawa has some from Malay-Indonesian and other Austronesian languages, many Sanskrit(including the word "Basa") and Arabic terms are also borrowed indirectly through Austronesian languages, it is thought that Austronesian languages(mainly Malay-Indonesian) were probably substratums among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

===Slavic===
Urban Basanawa has words from slavic languages, especially Polish and/or Polish-like languages(words borrowed from other slavic languages also exist), before Urban Basanawa speakers started to adopt Japanese, a Polish-like slavic language was served as the superstratum among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

Besides some lexical words, many proper nouns in Urban Basanawa are influenced by slavic languages, for example, some village names are ended with -vitze, which is considered to be from Polish -wice, also, many given names are of Slavic origin, and there are even non-slavic-origin family names ended with -ski(for example, Umeski).

The existence of slavic words may indicte that the direct ancestor of Urban Basanawa(before the speakers being accidentally transferred) was spoken in Poland(of our world) in Middle Ages.

Slavic words for animals are also used as euphemisms by hunters, fishers and butchers speaking Urban Basanawa, as they consider germanic names of animals will bring bad luck when these words are referred in hunting/fishing.

===Greek and Latin-Romance===
Ancient Greek and Latin are much less important among Urban Basanawa speakers than they are in most parts of Europe, compared to other Germanic languages(and most other languages originate from Europe of our world), Urban Basanawa has less influence from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages, most words from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages in Urban Basanawa were borrowed in the Old Saxon period or earlier, or indirectly through other languages.

===Japanese and Chinese===
It is known that Japanese culture has a profound impact on Urban Basanawa-speakers, so Japanese language(Modern Japanese) also has significant influence on Urban Basanawa, Japanese lexicon, especially Sino-japanese ones, is used as a source for academic terms in Urban Basanawa, many modern concepts in Urban Basanawa are from Japanese, Urban Basanawa speakers has even adopted Japanese kana and kanji to write Urban Basanawa.

Japanese people never ruled or colonized the Urban Basanawa speakers, but Japanese was seen as a superior language by Urban Basanawa speakers; also, as some Japanese words are very common in Urban Basanawa, it is supposed that Japanese may also served as an substratum in an earlier stage.

Most of the Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, but there are Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa that are not borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, some of them are borrowed through Malay-Indonesian but others are probably not. Below are some supposed Sinitic words that are not from Sino-Japanese words:
* lobak - radish(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lonkang - drain(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lomuwa~loma - gangster
* bulahi~blahi - whitebait

===Ainu Itak===
There are also some words originating from Ainu, below are some examples:

* tunackai /tu'nakai/ "reindeer" - from Ainu ''tunakkay''
* mossir /'mosir/ "land, region, island" - from Ainu ''mosir''
* tchisse /'tʃise/ "shelter, house" - from Ainu ''cise''
* kamui /'kamui/ "anglic god-like spirit" - from Ainu ''kamuy''
* kamuimossir "paradise, heaven, land of god" - from Ainu ''kamuymosir''

===Calquing in Urban Basanawa===
Besides direct borrowings, calquing is also common to form new words in Urban Basanawa:

* '''handsack/手袋''' /'hantsak/ "glove" - from '''hand/手''' /'hant/ "hand" + '''sack/袋''' /'sak/ "bag,sack", calquing Japanese '''てぶくろ/手袋''' "glove"
* '''weidkind/茸''' /'we:tkint/ "mushroom" - from '''weid/木''' /'we:t/ "wood" + '''kind/子''' /'kint/ "child", calquing Japanese '''キノコ/茸''' "mushroom"
* '''gardfogel/鶏''' /'gartfogəl/ "chicken"<ref>however, it is possible that '''gardfogel''' is not a calque of Japanese '''にわとり''', as the term '''gardfogel''' has been common when Urban Basanawa speakers started to systemically borrow Japanese words</ref> - from '''gard/庭/園''' /'gart/ "garden" + '''fogel/鳥''' /'fogəl/ "bird", calquing Japanese '''にわとり/鶏''' "chicken"
* '''potding/鍋物''' /'potdiŋ/ "hot pot, nabemono", calquing Japanese '''なべもの/鍋物''' "hot pot, nabemono"

==Phonology==
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Consonants
|-
! !! Labials !! Alveolars !! Postalveolars/ Palatals !! Velars/ Glottals
|-
! Nasals
| m || n || || ŋ
|-
! Plosives
| p b || t d || || k g
|-
! Affricates
| || ts dz || tʃ dʒ ||
|-
! Fricatives
| f v || s || ʃ || x~h
|-
! Sonorants
| || r l || j || w
|}
* /v/ is actually the labiodental approximant [ʋ] rather than the labiodental fricative [v] in the actual speech of many speakers.
* /dz/ is sometimes realized as [z]
* /ŋ/ is only contrastive with /n/ at the end of a word, in other places, /ŋ/ is an allophone of /n/ before velars.
* /h/ is pronunced as [x] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a non-front consonant; /h/ is pronunced as [ç] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a front consonant
* the contrast between /p/ and /b/, /t/ and /d/, and /k/ and /g/ is in fact a contrast between fortis and lenis plosives, rather than a contrast between voiceless and voiced plosives, or a contrast between aspirated and non-aspirated plosives.
* /b/, /d/, /g/, /dz/, /dʒ/, /v/ are neutralized respectively with /p/, /t/, /k/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /f/ word-finally.

===Vowels===
Like English and Yiddish, but unlike other Germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't have front rounded vowels, the vowel system of Urban Basanawa is more similar to that of Spanish or Japanese:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+vowels
|-
! !! front || central !! back
|-
! high
| i i: || || u u:
|-
! mid
| e e: || ə || o o:
|-
! low
| || a a:
|}

* In some dialects, the actual pronunciations of the short vowels /i e a o u/ are [ɪ ɛ ɐ ɔ ʊ]

===Sound Changes from Old Saxon to Urban Basanawa===
The Rules listed below are only speculations, they might not be correct, and may not be the complete list. Some of the sound changes coincide with those happened in other Low German dialects, others are peculiar to Urban Basanawa.

most sound changes of Stage I occured when people who spoke the ancestor languages of Urban Basanawa(persumbly Old Saxon and Middle Low German dialects) were still live in our world, and most sound changes of Stage II occured after they arrived "De Niuland".

Stage I

* i:a > e:
* io > e:
* iu > y:

* ao,aw,auw > ɔ:
* a:o > a:w
* a:i > a:i
* iuw > iu
* euw > eu
* ei,e:i > i:
* e:o,e:w > e:
* V[-stressed](especially when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)(however, this rule is controversial)

* Open syllable lengthening:
** a > ɑ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** o,u,au > ɔ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** e,i > ɛ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** ø,y > œ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables

* V[-stressed] > ə
* V:[-stressed] > V

* θ > d

* Unronding of front rounded vowels(this sound change probably occured much later):
** y: > i:
** ø: > e:
** y > i
** ø > e
** œ: > ɛ:

Stage II

* V: > V / _C(ə)R(R is an resonant /m n l r/)(this happens before the diphthongization of vowels and the raising of long vowels; moreover, in certain words, the process was undone due to morphological levelling)

* C: > C

* diphthongization of vowels:
** i:,a:i > ai
** u:,a:w > au
** o:i > oi
** eu,iu > iu

* raising of long vowels:
** ɑ:,a: > a:
** e: > i:
** o: > u:
** ɛ(:) > e(:)
** ɔ(:) > o(:)

* z > s / #_

* h > Ø / V_V(this sound change probably occured much earlier)

* ə > Ø / _#

there are some irregularities among words, the emergence of these irregularities were probably due to dialect mixing and dialect levelling at some earlier stages of Urban Basanawa:


* Old Saxon ''sumar'' > Urban Basanawa ''summer/夏'' /sumər/ "summer" (the expected form would be *''sommer'' /somər/, it is possible that it changed to summer by analogy of the semantically related word ''sun'' "sun", possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''thiudisk'' > Urban Basanawa ''detch'' /detʃ/ and ''deetch'' /di:tʃ/ (the expected form would be *''daitch'' /daitʃ/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or it was remodelled after the related Old Saxon word thīod or its descendants before the formation of Urban Basanawa)
* Old Saxon ''duru'' > Urban Basanawa ''door/扉'' /du:r/ "door" (the expected form ''dore/扉'' /do:r/ also exists, which created a pair of doublets /do:r/ and /du:r/, it is possible that the emergence of doublet in this word and some other words was due to dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''wika'' > Urban Basanawa ''week/週'' /wi:k/ "week" (the expected form would be *''weik'' /we:k/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon *''butera''(speculated form, deduced from Proto (west) Germanic *''buterô'') > Urban Basanawa ''butter/ブッタル'' /butər/ "butter" (the expected form would be *''botter'', possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or actually evolved through the sound change "V[-stressed](especiall when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_C(R is an resonant /m n l r/)" regularly)

possible irregular words(V[-stressed](especiall when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_C(R is an resonant /m n l r/)):

* Old Saxon ''frī'' > Urban Basanawa ''free/自由い'' /fri:/ "free" (the expected word would be *''frai'' or *''frei'', but it is possible that it was actually a regular sound change modelled after certain forms of adjectives, or modelled after ''dree'', ''free''(the verb evolved regularly from Old Saxon ''frīohon'') or was an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
*words that are subject of the rule "i,u[-stressed] > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)":
** Old Saxon ''bilith'' > Urban Basanawa ''bild/図/像'' /bilt/ "picture, image" (the expected word would be *''beld'' */belt/, it is possible that the form *''bilthi'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''miluk'' > Urban Basanawa ''milk/乳/ミルク'' /milk/ "milk" (the expected word would be *''melk'', it is possible that the form *''milk'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''kirikǭ'' > Urban Basanawa ''kirk/教会'' /kirk/ "church" (the expected word would be *''kerk'' /kerk/, it is possible that the form *kirkǭ also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''siluvar'' > Urban Basanawa ''silver/銀'' /silvər/ "silver" (the expected word would be *''selver'' /selvər/, it is possible that the form *''silvar'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)

==Writing systems==
There are several ways to write Urban Basanawa. two of them are introduced below:

===Roman Script/Oldwriting===
The Roman Script for Urban Basanawa, also called the "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Urban Basanawa, is a way to write Urban Basanawa. Roman Script never became widespread among the Detch people, and it has become obsolete, but for the sake of the readers, most Urban Basanawa contents in this article will be written using Roman Scripts.

*A - /a/
*AA - /a:/
*A$Ë - /a:/
*AI - /ai/
*AU - /au/
*B - /b/
*BB - /b/
*CH - /x/
*CK - /k/
*D - /d/
*DD - /d/
*DJ - /dʒ/
*DZ - /dz~z/
*E - /e/
*Ë - /ə/, if it ends a word and is not followed by any consonant, it is silent
*EE - /i:/
*EI - /e:/
*E$Ë - /e:/
*F - /f/
*G - /g/
*GG - /g/
*H - /h/
*I - /i/
*IE - /i:/
*I$Ë - /ai/
*K - /k/
*L - /l/
*M - /m/
*N - /n/
*O - /o/
*OO - /u:/
*OU - /o:/
*OW - /o:/
*O$Ë - /o:/
*P - /p/
*PP - /p/
*R - /r/
*S - /s/
*SS - /s/
*SH - /ʃ/
*T - /t/
*TT - /t/
*TZ - /ts/
*TCH - /tʃ/
*U - /u/
*U$Ë - /au/
*UË - /u:/
*UU - /u:/
*V - /v/
*W - /w/
*WR - /vr/
*Y - /j/(as a consonant),/ai/(as a vowel)

Note:
# $ represents any single consonant
# A, E, O are lengthened to /a:/,/e:/,/o:/ in open syllables
# Ë is not used in actual manuscripts of Urban Basanawa.

===Kanji and Kana===
Urban Basanawa is highly influenced by the Japanese language, and the Detch people have even adopted Japanese Kanji and Kana to write Urban Basanawa, Kanji and Kana for Urban Basanawa has become the most widespread way to write Urban Basanawa among the Detch people.

The Kanji and Kana system used to write Urban Basanawa is called the "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字), the Kanji part is called 漢字(Oldwriting: Kandji) in Urban Basanawa, the Kana part is called 仮名(Oldwriting: Kana) in Urban Basanawa.

====Reading of Kandjis in Urban Basanawa====
Like Japanese Kanji, there are several ways to read Basanawa kandji of Basanawa-dji: 音読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: On-lesing), 訓読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Kun-lesing), 混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Mixed-lesing) and 熟字訓(Oldwriting: Djukudjikun), they are similar to the Japanese On'yomi, Kun'yomi, Mixed readings and Special readings.

=====音読えせぃんﾟ(On-lesing)=====
The '''On-lesing''', the Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a Sino-Japanese word, all On-lesings are borrowed from Japanese On'yomi.

The On-lesing of many words in Urban basanawa are pronunced almost the same as the On'yomi of their Japanese counterparts.

More formal or academic terms are more likely to use On-lesing; while more informal or daily terms are more likely to use Kun-lesing, but there are exceptions.

Example of On-lesings(kandji - On-lesing pronunciation - meaning):

* 音楽 - /ongaku/ - "music"
* 科学 - /kagaku/ - "science"
* 生物学 - /se:butsugaku/ - "biology"
* 地質学 - /tʃiʃitsugaku/ - "geology"
* 予算 - /josan/ - "budget"
* 細胞 - /saibo:/ - "cell(biology)"
* 証明書 - /ʃo:me:ʃo:/ - "certificate"
* 学校 - /gakko:/ - "school"
* 廃墟 - /haikijo/ - "ruin"
* 報酬 - /ho:ʃu:/ - "reward"
* 責任 - /sekinin/ - "responsibility"
* 気体 - /kitai/ - "gas"
* 工場 - /ko:dʒo:/ - "factory"
* 魔法 - /maho:/ - "magic"
* 少女 - /ʃo:dʒo/ - "girl"
* 経済 - /ke:dzai/ - "economy"
* 博士 - /hakuʃi/ - "doctor(one with a doctorate degree)"
* 割引 - /waribiki/ - "discount"
* 国家 - /kokka/ - "country"

however, not every pronunciation from Japanese is seen as a On-lesing, a pronunciation that is from the Yamatokotoba of Japanese is seen as a Kunn-lesing in Urban Basanawa.

=====訓読えせぃんﾟ(Kun-lesing)=====
The '''Kun-lesing''', the non-Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a non-Sino-Japanese word, or '''Landsword'''(Basanawa-dji: 国詞), that closely approximated the meaning of the Chinese character when it was introduced. As with On-lesing, there can be multiple Kun-lesing for the same kandji, and some kandji have no Kun-lesing at all.

Most of the Kun-lesings are of Germanic origin and are inherited from Old Saxon rather than borrowed, and many of them are basic words used in everyday speeech, which reflects the fact that Urban Basanawa is actually a west-Germanic language despite not using writing systems common to other Germanic languages, those Germanic-origin words inherited from Old Saxon are sometimes called '''Saxënword'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン詞). All Saxënwords are Landswords, but not all Landswords are Saxënwords, as Landswords contain words of Austronesian origin, words of Slavic origin, and words of other origins.

Example of Kun-lesings(kandji - Kun-lesing pronunciation - meaning):
* 西 - /'west/ - "west"
* 北 - /'nort/ - "north"
* 屋 - /'haus/ - "house"
* 橋 - /'brik/ - "bridge"
* 馬 - /'ros/ - "horse"
* 山 - /'berx/ - "mountain"
* 朝 - /'morgən/ - "morning"
* 夜 - /'naxt/ - "night"
* 日 - /'sun/ - "sun"
* 日 - /'dax/ - "day"
* 病 - /'ba:n/ - "disease"
* 鬼 - /'gi:st/ - "ghost"
* 魚 - /'fiʃ/ - "fish(general term)"
* 魚 - /'riba/ - "fish(euphemism used by fishers and anglers)"
* 畑 - /'felt/ - "field"
* 田 - /'sa:wa/ - "paddy field"
* 鶏 - /'manuk/ - "chicken"
* 綿 - /'kapuk/ - "cotton"
* 帝 - /'radʒa/ - "emperor, raja"
* 薬 - /'lek/ - "medicine(substance for curing), drug"
* 壺 - /'dzbanek/ - "jug"
* 蛸 - /'tako/ - "octopus"
* 猫 - /'neko/ - "cat"
* ときめき - /tokimeki/ - "crush(feeling of love)"
* 萌え - /'moe/ - "crush(feeling of love, especially to a cutie), cute(especially for a lovely girl)"
* 食えいと - /'e:t/ - "to eat"
* 見えい - /'se:/ - "to see"
* 見いんど - /'fint/ - "to find"
* 作く - /'ma:k/ - "to make"
* 送ど - /'sent/ - "to send"
* 費ど - /'spent/ - "to spend"
* 老ど - /'olt/ - "old"
* 他る - /'odər/ - "other"
* 大と - /'gru:t/ - "great, large, big"
* 生う - /'ro:/ - "raw"
* 大い - /'vilki/ - "large"

=====混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Mixëd-lesing)=====
There are kandji compounds that use a mixture of On-lesing and Kun-lesing, they are known as '''Mixëd-lesing'''.

=====義訓(Gikun)/熟字訓(Djukudjikun)=====
'''Gikun''' and '''Djukudjikun''' are readings of kandji combinations that have no direct correspondence to the characters' individual On-lesing or Kun-lesing, but rather are connected with their meaning.

Example of Gikun/Djukudjikun(kandji - Gikun/Djukudjikun pronunciation - meaning):
* 兵器 - /'wa:pən/ - "weapon"
* 飛行 - /'fle:x/ - "flight"
* 結婚式 - /'svadba/ - "wedding ceremony"
* 精神 - /'gi:st/ - "spirit"
* 聖書 - /al'kitap/ - "The Bible"
* 玻璃 - /'glas/ - "glass"
* 教会 - /'kirk/ - "church"
* 子牛 - /'kalf/ - "calf(of a cow)"
* 地獄 - /'hel/ - "hell"

==Grammar==
Being a germanic language, it shares many common structures with English, but there are also differences.

===Word Order===
The word order of Urban Basanawa is very similar to English:
*Basic word order: Subject-Verb-Object(SVO)
*Adpositions are prepositions
*Demonstratives and Numerals precede the noun they modify, relative clauses follow the noun they modify, adjectives can precede or follow the noun they modify(prenominal adjectives are more common)
Urban Basanawa does not have V2 order at all, and word order inversion is not used for interrogatives, and Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial yes-no question particle.

===Interrogatives===
In Urban Basanawa, word order inversion is not used for interrogatives:
* Du saast wat? - what did you see?
* Hau du feelst? - how do you feel?

Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial particle for yes-no questions "is-it dat":
* is-it dat it is de haus fon dy tomodatchi? - is it the house of your friend?

"is-it dat" is frequently contracted to "ista".

It is also possible to ask yes-no questions simply by using a raising intonation on a sentence(In Urban Basanawa, like English, declarative sentences usually have a falling intonation):

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

which is equivalent to the following sentence:

* is-it dat Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

Tag question is formed by adding the negation word "ne" to the end of the sentence:

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep, ne? - Noire has fallen in love with Nep-nep, hasn't she?

===Relative clauses===
Relative clauses start with the invariant relativizers dë and dat:
* dë haus, dë is by dë strand, was bocht faif yaars beforë - the house, which is by the beach, was bought five years ago.
* dë musume, dë [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Nepgear|Nepgear]] luëvët, is dë imowto fon Noire - the girl, whom Nepgear loves, is the younger sister of Noire.

dat can also be used to form nominal clauses:
* it is good, dat all kindër kan gaa to gackows. - it is good that all children can go to schools.
* [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] ne kent dat [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Noire|Noire]], dë Megami fon [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Lastation|Lastation]], hat fallën in koi mid iem. - Nep-nep doesn't know that Noire, the Goddess of Lastation, has fallen in love with her.

Unlike most European languages, interrogative words(the so-called relative pronouns) are not used for relative clauses except for relative clauses without antecedents.

===Negation===
negation is formed by using the negation word ''ne'', the word ne precedes the word it negates:

* Leanbox ne hat Megami Kouhosei - Leanbox doesn't have CPU candidates.
* In dë miestze, dë hat fishbeens swimmënd, Uni sheedë mid Nepgear, for Uni dacht, dat Nepgear ne heelëd Noire, dë oneisan fon Uni. - in the place where there are swimming fishbones, Uni broke up with Nepgear, for Uni thought that Nepgear didn't save Noire, Uni's big sister.

ne usually follows an aux verb:

* Nepgear konst ne fërstand, wai Uni weld ne feech ien. - Nepgear couldn't understand why Uni didn't want to join her.

It is supposed that the Urban Basanawa ''ne'' is not directly from Proto-Germanic ''ne'', but rather a contraction of earlier negations.

===Possession===
Possession can be formed by using prepositions, the most common preposition for possession is "fon", if a preposition is used for possession, the possessor follows the possessed:

* dë haus fon dë megami - the goddess's house
* dë wagën fon dy fadër - the car of your father

also, a structure similar to the "His-genitive" in English is also used, where the 3rd singular possessive pronoun "is" is used, if the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is used for possession, the possessor follows the possessed:

* dë megami is haus - the goddess's house
* dy fadër is wagën - the car of your father

The "sy" in this usage does not influenced by the number of possessor or possessed:

* dë werker is gereed - the tool of the worker
* dë werker is gereeds - the tools of the worker
* dë werkers is gereed - the tool of the workers
* dë werkers is gereeds - the tools of the workers

the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is standard in Urban Basanawa.

there was an genitive case suffix -s, but the genitive -s suffix has fallen out of use and has become a derivative affix used for some compounds.

===Noun===
Nouns has lost the distinction between genders and cases, but it still has the distinction between singular and plural forms.

there are different types of nouns: s-nouns, n-nouns, r-nouns, umlaut-nouns.

the plural form of a s-noun is formed by adding the -s/-ës suffix to the end of the noun, it seems that most nouns belong to this class:

*man("man") - mans
*fingër("finger") - fingërs
*boom("tree") - booms
*fish("fish") - fishës
*ring("ring") - rings
*dag("day") - dagës
*maud("mouth") - maudës

the plural form of a n-noun is formed by adding the -n/-ën suffix to the end of the noun:

*oog("eye") - oogën
*erd("earth") - erdën

the plural form of a r-noun is formed by adding the -r/-ër suffix to the end of the noun, and the stem vowel may undergo umlaut:

*lamb("lamb") - lembër
*kalf("calf") - kelvër
*kind("child") - kindër

the plural form of a umlaut-noun is formed by changing the stem vowel:

*foot("foot") - feet
*book("book") - beek
*kau("cow") - kai
*maus("mouse") - mais
*gast("guest") - gest
*burg("city") - birg

Plural forms are not obliged in Urban Basanawa, and in colloquial speech it is common to use singular forms in place of plural forms.

===Verb===
Verbs conjugate according to tense-aspect-moods.

Verbs have infinitive, present, past, present participle, past participle forms, in earlier forms of Urban Basanawa, the infinitive form of a verb ends with -ën, but the -ën ending has been dropped, and they are identical to the present form in almost every case(some verbs still maintain different infinitive forms), the infinitive form ending in -ën is largely considered as an archaic form.

as most germanic languages, Urban Basanawa verbs can be devided into two classes: strong verb and weak verb.

the past tense of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d/-t to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel if it is a strong verb

the present participle of a verb, no matter it is a strong or weak verb, is formed by adding -ënd to the end of the infinitive form.

the past participle of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d/-t to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel and then adding -ën to the end if it is a strong verb, in more archaic or some dialectical usages, the prefix gë- is used for past participle forms also.

some examples are shown below:

Strong verb:
* Nep-nep etët gohan - [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] eats a meal
* Nep-nep is etënd gohan/Nep-nep is an (dë) etë gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep doot etënd gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep atët gohan - Nep-nep ate a meal
* Nep-nep hat etën gohan - Nep-nep has eaten a meal

Weak verb:
* hi makët rings - he/she makes ring.
* hi is makënd rings/hi is an (dë) makë rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi doot makënd rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi makëd rings - he/she made rings.
* hi hat makëd rings - he/she has made rings.

Like English, infinitives of Urban Basanawa can be preceded by the particle "to", but the to-infinitive is not frequently used in some dialects of Urban Basanawa.

In Urban Basanawa, the verbal noun of a verb is formed by using the -ing suffix, also, in many strong verbs, the verbal noun can be formed by simply applying the ablaut of the stem:

* (to) makë("to make") - mak'''ing'''("act of making")
* (to) s'''i'''ng ("to sing") - s'''a'''ng/sing'''ing'''("act of singing")
* (to) f'''i'''nd ("to find") - f'''a'''nd/find'''ing'''("act of finding")

however, ablaut forms are largely fossilized in Urban Basanawa, and the -ing forms are more common even for strong verbs.

the usage of verbal nouns in Urban Basanawa is similar to that of English:

* warding folks is en megami is shigoto. - protecting people is the job of a goddess.
* drinking alë smertët eener is rau - drinking beers harms one's body.

-ing forms cannot be used for present particles, and present particles cannot be used for gerunds, so the sentences below are incorrect:
* *hi is making rings(the correct form is "hi is makënd rings" or "hi is an (dë) makë rings")
* *drinkënd alë smertët eener is rau(the correct form is "drinking alë smert eener is rau")

====Agreements====
present:
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -st/-est
*3rd person singular: -t/-et(same as 1st person singular in modal verbs )
*plural: -t/-et(-en in modal verbs)

preterite(past tense, agreement suffixes added after the past tense suffix -ëd in weak verbs):
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -st/-est
*3rd person singular: -
*plural: -n/-en

the verb "wese"("to be") and "have"("to have") have irregular forms:

"wese"("to be"):
present:
*1st person singular: bin
*2nd person singular: bist
*3rd person singular: is
*plural: sind

preterite:
*1st person singular: was
*2nd person singular: weer
*3rd person singular: was
*plural: warn

"have"("to have"):
present:
*1st person singular: have
*2nd person singular: hast
*3rd person singular: hat~haft
*plural: have

preterite:
*1st person singular: had
*2nd person singular: haddest
*3rd person singular: had
*plural: hadden

====Copula====
* infinitive: wesë
* present: is
* past: was
* past particle: wesën
In Colloquial usage, copulae can be omitted, especially the present copula "is":
* dat man en ribanik - that man is a fisher.
* dat ovët sweet - the fruit is sweet.

====Strong verbs====
Like other germanic languages, there are strong verbs in Urban Basanawa, and they follow certain patterns to produce different forms, although there are anomalies in strong verbs, making the patterns less regular.

Besides these patterns of stem vowel changes, the past participle forms of strong verbs require an -ën/-あ*ん(あ* is an A-dan kana where the consonant corresponds the ending consonant of the infinitive/present form of the verb it attaches to) ending.

The stem vowel of different classes of strong verbs are listed below(arranged in the form of "Present Tense - Past Tense - Past Participle"):

In Oldwriting：
* Class I: i$ë - ie$ - i$($)*
* Class II: au/ee - oo - o
* Class III:
** i - a - u
** e - a - o
* Class IV: e - a - o
* Class V: e/i - a - e
* Class VI: a - oo - a
* Class VII*:
** a/o - e/(ee/ie) - a/o
** aa/oo - ee - a/o

In Basanawa-dji:
* Class I: あい - いい - い
* Class II: あう/いい - うう - お
* Class III:
** い - あ - う
** え - あ - お
* Class IV: えい - ああ - お
* Class V:
** えい - ああ - え
** い - あ - え
* Class VI: あ/ああ - うう - あ
* Class VII*:
** あ/お - え/(いい) - あ/お
** ああ/おう - いい - あ/お

Note:
# In General, in Class VII strong verbs, if the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short; if the stem vowel of the present tense form is long, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also long; however, in the past tense forms of some Class VII strong verbs, while the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short, although in these verbs, there are usually more regular alternatives.
# The $ in the Class I strong verb pattern is a single consonant letter in Oldwriting.

===Adjective===
Like English, adjectives in the standard form don't agree with nouns they modify in Urban Basanawa, however, in archaic usages, attributive adjectives are ended with -ë:

* en goodë dag - 一ん良だ日 - a good day
* goodë dagës - 良だ日す - good days
* dë goodë dag - だ良だ日 - the good day
* dë goodë dagës - だ良だ日す - the good days

predicative adjectives, however, don't take the -ë ending:

* fondag is good - 今日いす良で - today is good

Adjectives of Germanic origin have comparative and superlative forms:
*comparative: -ër
*superlative: -ëst

for example:

* fondag is heet - 今日いす暑と - today is hot
* fondag is heetër dan gestërn - 今日いす暑たるだん昨日 - today is hotter than yesterday
* fondag is dë heetëst dag in dis yaar - 今日いすだ暑たすと日中ん此年 - today is the hottest day in this year

These forms are sometimes used on adjectives of non-Germanic origins, but its use is largely restricted to Germanic adjectives.

Due to the large amount of Japanese words in Urban Basanawa, there are also na-adjectives in Urban Basanawa. In Urban Basanawa, all na-adjectives are ended with -na(-な) or -no(-の), the -na(-な) and -no(-の) are dropped when these adjectives are used predicatively:

* en okubiyow-na kuroneko - 一ん臆病な黒猫 - a timid black-cat.
* dë kuroneko is okubiyow - だ黒猫いす臆病 - the black-cat is timid.

the -no(-の) ending can also be used for possessive adjectives.

==Words==
===Pronouns===

====personal pronouns====
Pronouns have cases, but the usage of subject pronouns is declining, and many dialects don't use subject pronouns at all.

1st person singular:
*subject: ik(吾)
*object: mi(我)
*genitive: my/minë(我い/我ん)

2nd person singular:
*subject: du(汝)
*object: di(爾)
*genitive: dy/dinë(爾い/爾ん)

3rd person singular:
*subject it(彼と)(inanimate)/hi(彼)(animate)
*object: it(彼と)(inanimate)/ien(彼ん)(animate)
*genitive: is(彼す)

1st person plural:
*subject: wi(我等)
*object: us(我等す)
*genitive: aus/ur~aur(我等す/我等る)
*subject/object(in some dialects): mi allër(generic or exclusive)/yumi(inclusive, from yu+mi)

2nd person plural:
*subject: yi(汝等)
*object: yu(爾等)
*genitive: yur(爾等る)

3rd person plural:
*subject/object: allër/sie(彼等)
*genitive: ier(彼等る)

reflexive: self(己)(also used with the genitive form of other pronouns)

for some personal pronouns, there were emphatic forms:

1st person singular:
*object: my

2nd person singular:
*subject: dau
*object: dy

1st person plural:
*object: aus

====demonstratives====

*this: dis/dit(此)
*that: dat(彼)
*these: dese(此す)
*those: die(彼い)
*here: hier(ひいる/此る)
*there: daar(だある/彼る)
*the(definite article): dë(だ)

====interrogative pronouns====

*who: wee(誰い)
*what: wat(何と)
*when: wan(何ん)
*where: wor(をる/何る)/war(わる/何る)
*how: hau(はう/何う)
*why: wai/warum(わい/何い)
*which: wilk(ゐるﾟく/何く)
Interrogatives are not used to start relative clauses when there are antecedents.

===Numerals===
# 1: een/en(一)
# 2: twee(二)
# 3: dree(三)
# 4: fier(四)
# 5: faif/fimf(五)
# 6: sex(六)
# 7: sevën(七)
# 8: acht(八)
# 9: negën(九)
# 10: ten(十)
# 11: elvën~elf(十一)
# 12: twelf(十二)
# 13: dreetin(十三)
# 14: fiertin(十四)
# 15: fiftin(十五)
# 16: sextin(十六)
# 17: sevëntin(十七)
# 18: achtin(十八)
# 19: negëntin(十九)
# 20: twentig(二十)
* 30: dreetig(三十)
* 40: fiertig(四十)
* 50: fiftig(五十)
* 60: sextig(六十)
* 70: sevëntig(七十)
* 80: achtig(八十)
* 90: negëntig(九十)
* hundred: hundërd(百)
* thousand: dausënd(千)

* ordinal number marker: -t/-ët(番)

For ordinal numbers, first and second have special forms:
* first: erst(一番)
* second: odër(二番/他る)(also means "other", the regular form "twee-t" is also used)

===Conjunctions===
*when/if: wen(ゑん)
*if: ef(えふ)
*before: bëforë(ば前る/前る)
*after: aftër(後た)
*and: end/en(えん/又ん)
*or: ed/eddë(えだ)
*but: ack(あく)
*then/than: dan(だん)

===Content Words===
====Names of Months====
Urban Basanawa has two set set of names of months, one is Slavic-origin, the other is Japanese-origin, the set of the latin-derived calendar month names used in many western europe languages(like English) is not used in Urban Basanawa:

Japanese-origin:
# January: Mutzuki(睦月)
# February: Kisaragi(如月)
# March: Yayoi(弥生)
# April: Udzuki(卯月)
# May: Satzuki(皐月)/Sanaetzuki(早苗月)
# June: Minadzuki(水無月)
# July: Fumidzuki(文月)
# August: Hadzuki(葉月)
# September: Nagatzuki(長月)
# October: Kannadzuki(神無月)
# November: Shimotzuki(霜月)
# December: Shiwasu(師走)

Slavic-origin:
# January: Stitchen
# February: Luti
# March: Madjetz
# April: kvitchen
# May: Mai
# June: Tchervitz
# July: Lipitz
# August: Sherpin
# September: Vdjeshen
# October: Pazdjernik
# November: Listopat
# December: Grudjen

====Days of a week====
#Monday: maandag(月日)/getzuyowbi(月曜日)
#Tuesday: firedag(火日)/kayowbi(火曜日)
#Wednsday: waterdag(水日)/suiyowbi(水曜日)
#Thursday: wieddag(木日)/mokuyowbi(木曜日)
#Friday: golddag(金日)/kinyowbi(金曜日)
#Saturday: sobota/erddag(土日)/doyowbi(土曜日)*
#Sunday: sundag(日日)/nitchiyowbi(日曜日)
The word "sobota" is the most common term for saturday in Urban Basanawa

====Kinship terms====

*Father: fadër(父)
*Mother: modër(母)

The terms for sibling is rather complex in Urban Basanawa, comparable to that of Hungarian:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:200px; height:200px;"
|+ Siblings terms in Urban Basanawa
|-
!
! older
! younger
! unspecified
|-
! male
| ani(兄) || otowto(弟) || brodër(兄弟)
|-
! female
| ane(姉) || imowto(妹) || swestër(姉妹)
|-
! unspecified
| kakak(兄姉) || adik(弟妹) || -
|}

that means all the sentences below can be used to mean "Nepgear is the little sister of Nep-nep":
* Nepgear is dë swestër fon Nep-nep(specify the gender, but not the relative age)
* Nepgear is dë adik fon Nep-nep(specify the relative age, but not the gender)
* Nepgear is dë imowto fon Nep-nep(specify both the gender and the relative age)

==Similarities to English and other west-germanic languages==
While talking about things of the everyday life, Urban Basanawa does not differ much from other west germanic languages, except for the writing system:

* dë man is in dë Haus /də man is in də haus/ - だ男いす中んだ屋 - The man is in the house
* du hast twee kau /du hast twi: kau/ - 汝持すと二牛 - you have two cows
* dat is ne dy ball, it is my ball /dat is ne dai bal it is mai bal/ - 彼いす非爾い球、彼といす我い球 - that is not your ball, it is my ball.

Some sentences are even identical or near-identical to their counterparts in other west germanic languages:
* It is good. - /it is gu:t/ - 彼といす良ど - It is good.(similar to its counterpart in English when written in Oldwriting)
* My hand is in warm watër. - /mai hant is in warm watər/ - 我い手いす中ん温む水 - My hand is in warm water.(similar to its counterpart in English and Afrikaans when written in Oldwriting)
* Dat is en hund. - /it is en hunt/ - 彼いす一ん犬 - that is a dog(similar to its counterpart in Low German when written in Oldwriting)

But when it comes to more academic ideas, Urban Basanawa sometimes can be almost completely alien to speakers of other germanic languages:

* Bibunsekibungaku is dë kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku, it doo kenkiyuu bibunhow en sekibunhow /bibunsekibungaku is də kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku it du: kenkju: bibunho: en sekibunho:/ - 微分積分学いすだ基本的な部分ふぉん解析学、彼とどぅう研究微分法又ん積分法 - Calculus is the fundamental part of mathematical analysis, it researches differentiation and integration.

==Example sentences==
(Oldwriting - Basanawa-dji - English translation)
* Nepgear is en kawaii musume, Uni is ook en kawaii musume. - ネプギアいす一ん可愛い娘、ユニいすううく一ん可愛い娘。 - Nepgear is a cute girl, Uni is also a cute girl.
* Noire weepëd an dë svadba fon Nepgear en Uni, for Uni, dë imowto fon Noire, hat wordën dë hanayome fon Nepgear, dë imowto fon Nep-nep. - ノワール泣ぱど在んだ<ruby>結婚式<rp>(</rp><rt>svadba</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>ふぉんネプギア又んユニ、為るユニ、だ妹ふぉんノワール、はと成おるだんだ花嫁ふぉんネプギア、だ妹ふぉんねぷねぷ。 - Noire weeped at the wedding ceremony of Nepgear and Uni, for Uni, the little sister of Noire, has become the bride of Nepgear, the little sister of Nep-nep.

* Bunkatekina mixing en fërbettëring is dë dentow fon dë Urban Basanawa sprekërs. - 文化的な混しんﾟ又ん変る良たりんﾟいすだ伝統ふぉんだばさなわ話者す - Cultural mixing and enhancing is the tradition of the Urban Basanawa speakers.
* en Basa is en howgen mid en guntai en kaigun. - 一ん語いす一ん方言みど一ん軍隊又ん海軍 - A language is a dialect with an Army and Navy(אַ שפּראַך איז אַ דיאַלעקט מיט אַן אַרמיי און פֿלאָט)
* ne neme af my seiraafuku - ね脫む去ふ我いセーラー服 - Don't take off my sailor suit.

UDHR Article 1 in Urban Basanawa:
* All ningen sind born free en gelike in songen en rechts, sie sind geven mid risei en riyowshin, en shallen doo mid en-oder in en gest fon kinnigheid.(全るﾟ人間すぃんど生おるん自由いえん同く中ん尊厳えん権、彼等すぃんど与えわﾟんみど理性えん良心、えんしゃらﾟん為う互るﾟ中ん精神ふぉん親族にきﾟへいど) - All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Lord's prayer in Urban Basanawa:

Oldwriting:

: ur Fadder, d'is an heven<ref>the usual word for "heaven" in the afterlife sense in Urban Basanawa is "kamuimossir", the Urban Basanawa word ''heven'' simply means "sky" in most usage</ref>,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, hope du gevest to us fondag
: en hope du fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergeve ur beshulders
: en hope du ne leedst us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Basanawa-dji:

: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食望汝与うﾟすとと我等す今日
: 又ん望汝赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えうﾟ我等之負者
: 又ん望汝無ん率どすと我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

The following Urban Basanawa sentences are same to the corrsponding sentences in some other languages in respect of both written forms and meanings:
* It is good.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English)
* My hand is in warm watër.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English and Afrikaans)
* Dat is en hund.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Low German)
* Oneitchan daisuki(お姉ちゃん大好き) - (when written in "Basanawa-dji", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Japanese)

==Notes==
<references />

[[Category:Germanic conlangs]]
[[Category:A posteriori conlangs]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

Urban Basanawa

2015-02-06T12:49:01Z

K1234567890y: /* Adjective */

{{Infobox
|name=Basanawa ''Basanawa/ばさなわ'' Saxenspraak/サクサン語
|pronounce=/basa'nawa/ / /saksənspra:k/
|tu=
|species=Human
|in=
|no=(unknown)
|script=Latin(the Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is called "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Basanawa) Kanji and Kana(the Basanawa variant of Kanji and Kana is called "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字) in Basanawa) The Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is considered as an archaic writing system among Basanawa speakers.
|tree=[[Proto-Indo-European|Indo-European]] 
 Germanic 
  West-Germanic 
   Ingvaeonic 
    Low German? 
     '''Urban Basanawa'''
|morph=Isolating/Agglutinative~Fusional
|ms=Accusative
|wo=SVO
|creator=[[User:k1234567890y]]
|date=2014
|cals=basanawa
}}

'''Urban Basanawa'''(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ), natively known as '''Saxënspraak'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン語), '''Basakota'''(derived from Rural Basanawa), '''Burgbasa''' or '''Burgspraak''', is a West-Germanic (constructed) language belonging to the Indo-European language family, it is an [[:wikipedia:en:Ingvaeonic languages|Ingvaeonic language]](or a North Sea Germanic language) and is very close to English(in terms of basic words), it is spoken on another planet called "Dë Niuland"(also called "Dë Niuwerld", Basanawa-dji: だ新世界), as the speakers were accidentally transferred by a wormhole to "Dë Niuland".

Urban Basanawa is one of the two language of the Detch people(or Deetch people), the other is [[Rural Basanawa]], more than 70% of the Detch people speak Urban Basanawa as their native tongue.

Like English, Yiddish and Wymysorys, Urban Basanawa is a west-germanic language with a large amount of loanwords.

Urban Basanawa developed from Old Saxon, but the inflection system has been greatly reduced; There are many loanwords from Slavic languages(Mainly a language closely related to Polish, perhaps a dialect of Polish), Malay and Japanese, also, due to the influence of Japanese, and being isolated from other germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't use Latin or Ancient Greek as its source of academic terms.

Despite not being an Anglo-Frisian language, many words of Urban Basanawa are pronunced the same or similar to their English cognates, like feet("feet", pronunciation /fi:t/), fish("fish", pronunciation /fiʃ/), bring("to bring", pronunciation /briŋ/), green("green", pronunciation /gri:n/); but some words are pronunced differently from their English cognates, like ook("eye", pronunciation /u:x/), eggë("edge", pronunciation /ek/), etë("to eat", pronunciation /e:t/); also, there are words which are false friends to their English cognates, for example, deer("animal", pronunciation /di:r/, cognate to English "deer"), selfish("private", pronunciation /selfiʃ/, cognate to English "selfish" but with very different meanings to its English cognates), sood("to prove", pronunciation /su:t/, cognate to English "soothe").

It is thought that [[Toka na Musume]], a language of anime-girl-like girls, is derived from Urban Basanawa, or a creolized form of Urban Basanawa.

The name "[[Basanawa]]" is shared by two languages spoken by the Detch people, one is an Ingvaeonic West Germanic language, called "Urban Basanawa"; the other is an Malayic Malay-Polynesian language, called "[[Rural Basanawa]]", what is introduced in this article, is the "Urban Basanawa" language. Despite sharing the name and used by the same ethnic group, "Urban Basanawa" and "Rural Basanawa" belong to two unrelated language families.

==Origin of words==
Urban Basanawa is a language with a large quantity of loanwords, the source of words is various, and many(if not most) of them are of non-european origin. It is said that most classical languagew of Eurasia of our word, including Classical Chinese(mainly via Japanese), Sanskrit(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Arabic(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Latin and Ancient Greek have all contributed some words to Urban Basanawa.

Despite having numerous loanwords, Urban Basanawa is certainly a west Germanic language close to English, Low German and Frisian, and most of its grammatical structures and functional words are of Germanic origin.

===Germanic===
Urban Basanawa is a germanic language, it evolves from Old Saxon, most germanic words in Urban Basanawa are inherited from Old Saxon(through sound changes), thus, Urban Basanawa could be seen as a dialect of Low German, but the merger between front rounded vowel into their unrounded counterparts, the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/(Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/ have become /ai/ and /au/ respectively in Urban Basanawa), the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/(the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/, and the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/ have made some Urban Basanawa words sound like their English or Standard German cognates), the preservation of the distinction between Old Saxon short /o/ and /u/, lexical differences(Besides loanwords, semantic shift of native words can also create obstacles in communication) and grammatical changes(Urban Basanawa has lost all nominal cases, and has also lost the germanic V2 order, becoming a SVO language, also, adjectival inflections in Urban Basanawa have also become unproductive and fossilized) can hinder the mutual intelligibility between Urban Basanawa and Low German dialects.

Unlike Low German dialects, the distinction between short /o/ and /u/ of Old Saxon is still maintained in Urban Basanawa.

Besides words that are inherited from Old Saxon, some germanic-origin words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed, some of them are early borrowings borrowed from other germanic dialects in Old Saxon Period, some others are borrowed later indirect through Slavic languages or Japanese, which created some doublets:

* land("land", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - lond("owned land, owned field, property", a slavic borrowing)
* ring("ring", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - rinek("market", a slavic borrowing)
* shirt("apron", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - shatzu("shirt", a japanese borrowing)

Although Urban Basanawa has borrowed kinship terms from Japanese, kinship terms of germanic origin are actually still used in daily communications, also, the pronominal system of Urban Basanawa is still germanic, not influenced by other languages.

===Austronesian===
Urban Basanawa has some from Malay-Indonesian and other Austronesian languages, many Sanskrit(including the word "Basa") and Arabic terms are also borrowed indirectly through Austronesian languages, it is thought that Austronesian languages(mainly Malay-Indonesian) were probably substratums among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

===Slavic===
Urban Basanawa has words from slavic languages, especially Polish and/or Polish-like languages(words borrowed from other slavic languages also exist), before Urban Basanawa speakers started to adopt Japanese, a Polish-like slavic language was served as the superstratum among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

Besides some lexical words, many proper nouns in Urban Basanawa are influenced by slavic languages, for example, some village names are ended with -vitze, which is considered to be from Polish -wice, also, many given names are of Slavic origin, and there are even non-slavic-origin family names ended with -ski(for example, Umeski).

The existence of slavic words may indicte that the direct ancestor of Urban Basanawa(before the speakers being accidentally transferred) was spoken in Poland(of our world) in Middle Ages.

Slavic words for animals are also used as euphemisms by hunters, fishers and butchers speaking Urban Basanawa, as they consider germanic names of animals will bring bad luck when these words are referred in hunting/fishing.

===Greek and Latin-Romance===
Ancient Greek and Latin are much less important among Urban Basanawa speakers than they are in most parts of Europe, compared to other Germanic languages(and most other languages originate from Europe of our world), Urban Basanawa has less influence from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages, most words from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages in Urban Basanawa were borrowed in the Old Saxon period or earlier, or indirectly through other languages.

===Japanese and Chinese===
It is known that Japanese culture has a profound impact on Urban Basanawa-speakers, so Japanese language(Modern Japanese) also has significant influence on Urban Basanawa, Japanese lexicon, especially Sino-japanese ones, is used as a source for academic terms in Urban Basanawa, many modern concepts in Urban Basanawa are from Japanese, Urban Basanawa speakers has even adopted Japanese kana and kanji to write Urban Basanawa.

Japanese people never ruled or colonized the Urban Basanawa speakers, but Japanese was seen as a superior language by Urban Basanawa speakers; also, as some Japanese words are very common in Urban Basanawa, it is supposed that Japanese may also served as an substratum in an earlier stage.

Most of the Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, but there are Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa that are not borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, some of them are borrowed through Malay-Indonesian but others are probably not. Below are some supposed Sinitic words that are not from Sino-Japanese words:
* lobak - radish(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lonkang - drain(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lomuwa~loma - gangster
* bulahi~blahi - whitebait

===Ainu Itak===
There are also some words originating from Ainu, below are some examples:

* tunackai /tu'nakai/ "reindeer" - from Ainu ''tunakkay''
* mossir /'mosir/ "land, region, island" - from Ainu ''mosir''
* tchisse /'tʃise/ "shelter, house" - from Ainu ''cise''
* kamui /'kamui/ "anglic god-like spirit" - from Ainu ''kamuy''
* kamuimossir "paradise, heaven, land of god" - from Ainu ''kamuymosir''

===Calquing in Urban Basanawa===
Besides direct borrowings, calquing is also common to form new words in Urban Basanawa:

* '''handsack/手袋''' /'hantsak/ "glove" - from '''hand/手''' /'hant/ "hand" + '''sack/袋''' /'sak/ "bag,sack", calquing Japanese '''てぶくろ/手袋''' "glove"
* '''weidkind/茸''' /'we:tkint/ "mushroom" - from '''weid/木''' /'we:t/ "wood" + '''kind/子''' /'kint/ "child", calquing Japanese '''キノコ/茸''' "mushroom"
* '''gardfogel/鶏''' /'gartfogəl/ "chicken"<ref>however, it is possible that '''gardfogel''' is not a calque of Japanese '''にわとり''', as the term '''gardfogel''' has been common when Urban Basanawa speakers started to systemically borrow Japanese words</ref> - from '''gard/庭/園''' /'gart/ "garden" + '''fogel/鳥''' /'fogəl/ "bird", calquing Japanese '''にわとり/鶏''' "chicken"
* '''potding/鍋物''' /'potdiŋ/ "hot pot, nabemono", calquing Japanese '''なべもの/鍋物''' "hot pot, nabemono"

==Phonology==
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Consonants
|-
! !! Labials !! Alveolars !! Postalveolars/ Palatals !! Velars/ Glottals
|-
! Nasals
| m || n || || ŋ
|-
! Plosives
| p b || t d || || k g
|-
! Affricates
| || ts dz || tʃ dʒ ||
|-
! Fricatives
| f v || s || ʃ || x~h
|-
! Sonorants
| || r l || j || w
|}
* /v/ is actually the labiodental approximant [ʋ] rather than the labiodental fricative [v] in the actual speech of many speakers.
* /dz/ is sometimes realized as [z]
* /ŋ/ is only contrastive with /n/ at the end of a word, in other places, /ŋ/ is an allophone of /n/ before velars.
* /h/ is pronunced as [x] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a non-front consonant; /h/ is pronunced as [ç] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a front consonant
* the contrast between /p/ and /b/, /t/ and /d/, and /k/ and /g/ is in fact a contrast between fortis and lenis plosives, rather than a contrast between voiceless and voiced plosives, or a contrast between aspirated and non-aspirated plosives.
* /b/, /d/, /g/, /dz/, /dʒ/, /v/ are neutralized respectively with /p/, /t/, /k/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /f/ word-finally.

===Vowels===
Like English and Yiddish, but unlike other Germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't have front rounded vowels, the vowel system of Urban Basanawa is more similar to that of Spanish or Japanese:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+vowels
|-
! !! front || central !! back
|-
! high
| i i: || || u u:
|-
! mid
| e e: || ə || o o:
|-
! low
| || a a:
|}

* In some dialects, the actual pronunciations of the short vowels /i e a o u/ are [ɪ ɛ ɐ ɔ ʊ]

===Sound Changes from Old Saxon to Urban Basanawa===
The Rules listed below are only speculations, they might not be correct, and may not be the complete list. Some of the sound changes coincide with those happened in other Low German dialects, others are peculiar to Urban Basanawa.

most sound changes of Stage I occured when people who spoke the ancestor languages of Urban Basanawa(persumbly Old Saxon and Middle Low German dialects) were still live in our world, and most sound changes of Stage II occured after they arrived "De Niuland".

Stage I

* i:a > e:
* io > e:
* iu > y:

* ao,aw,auw > ɔ:
* a:o > a:w
* a:i > a:i
* iuw > iu
* euw > eu
* ei,e:i > i:
* e:o,e:w > e:
* V[-stressed](especially when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)(however, this rule is controversial)

* Open syllable lengthening:
** a > ɑ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** o,u,au > ɔ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** e,i > ɛ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** ø,y > œ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables

* V[-stressed] > ə
* V:[-stressed] > V

* θ > d

* Unronding of front rounded vowels(this sound change probably occured much later):
** y: > i:
** ø: > e:
** y > i
** ø > e
** œ: > ɛ:

Stage II

* V: > V / _C(ə)R(R is an resonant /m n l r/)(this happens before the diphthongization of vowels and the raising of long vowels; moreover, in certain words, the process was undone due to morphological levelling)

* C: > C

* diphthongization of vowels:
** i:,a:i > ai
** u:,a:w > au
** o:i > oi
** eu,iu > iu

* raising of long vowels:
** ɑ:,a: > a:
** e: > i:
** o: > u:
** ɛ(:) > e(:)
** ɔ(:) > o(:)

* z > s / #_

* h > Ø / V_V(this sound change probably occured much earlier)

* ə > Ø / _#

there are some irregularities among words, the emergence of these irregularities were probably due to dialect mixing and dialect levelling at some earlier stages of Urban Basanawa:


* Old Saxon ''sumar'' > Urban Basanawa ''summer/夏'' /sumər/ "summer" (the expected form would be *''sommer'' /somər/, it is possible that it changed to summer by analogy of the semantically related word ''sun'' "sun", possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''thiudisk'' > Urban Basanawa ''detch'' /detʃ/ and ''deetch'' /di:tʃ/ (the expected form would be *''daitch'' /daitʃ/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or it was remodelled after the related Old Saxon word thīod or its descendants before the formation of Urban Basanawa)
* Old Saxon ''duru'' > Urban Basanawa ''door/扉'' /du:r/ "door" (the expected form ''dore/扉'' /do:r/ also exists, which created a pair of doublets /do:r/ and /du:r/, it is possible that the emergence of doublet in this word and some other words was due to dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''wika'' > Urban Basanawa ''week/週'' /wi:k/ "week" (the expected form would be *''weik'' /we:k/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon *''butera''(speculated form, deduced from Proto (west) Germanic *''buterô'') > Urban Basanawa ''butter/ブッタル'' /butər/ "butter" (the expected form would be *''botter'', possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or actually evolved through the sound change "V[-stressed](especiall when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_C(R is an resonant /m n l r/)" regularly)

possible irregular words(V[-stressed](especiall when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_C(R is an resonant /m n l r/)):

* Old Saxon ''frī'' > Urban Basanawa ''free/自由い'' /fri:/ "free" (the expected word would be *''frai'' or *''frei'', but it is possible that it was actually a regular sound change modelled after certain forms of adjectives, or modelled after ''dree'', ''free''(the verb evolved regularly from Old Saxon ''frīohon'') or was an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
*words that are subject of the rule "i,u[-stressed] > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)":
** Old Saxon ''bilith'' > Urban Basanawa ''bild/図/像'' /bilt/ "picture, image" (the expected word would be *''beld'' */belt/, it is possible that the form *''bilthi'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''miluk'' > Urban Basanawa ''milk/乳/ミルク'' /milk/ "milk" (the expected word would be *''melk'', it is possible that the form *''milk'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''kirikǭ'' > Urban Basanawa ''kirk/教会'' /kirk/ "church" (the expected word would be *''kerk'' /kerk/, it is possible that the form *kirkǭ also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''siluvar'' > Urban Basanawa ''silver/銀'' /silvər/ "silver" (the expected word would be *''selver'' /selvər/, it is possible that the form *''silvar'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)

==Writing systems==
There are several ways to write Urban Basanawa. two of them are introduced below:

===Roman Script/Oldwriting===
The Roman Script for Urban Basanawa, also called the "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Urban Basanawa, is a way to write Urban Basanawa. Roman Script never became widespread among the Detch people, and it has become obsolete, but for the sake of the readers, most Urban Basanawa contents in this article will be written using Roman Scripts.

*A - /a/
*AA - /a:/
*A$Ë - /a:/
*AI - /ai/
*AU - /au/
*B - /b/
*BB - /b/
*CH - /x/
*CK - /k/
*D - /d/
*DD - /d/
*DJ - /dʒ/
*DZ - /dz~z/
*E - /e/
*Ë - /ə/, if it ends a word and is not followed by any consonant, it is silent
*EE - /i:/
*EI - /e:/
*E$Ë - /e:/
*F - /f/
*G - /g/
*GG - /g/
*H - /h/
*I - /i/
*IE - /i:/
*I$Ë - /ai/
*K - /k/
*L - /l/
*M - /m/
*N - /n/
*O - /o/
*OO - /u:/
*OU - /o:/
*OW - /o:/
*O$Ë - /o:/
*P - /p/
*PP - /p/
*R - /r/
*S - /s/
*SS - /s/
*SH - /ʃ/
*T - /t/
*TT - /t/
*TZ - /ts/
*TCH - /tʃ/
*U - /u/
*U$Ë - /au/
*UË - /u:/
*UU - /u:/
*V - /v/
*W - /w/
*WR - /vr/
*Y - /j/(as a consonant),/ai/(as a vowel)

Note:
# $ represents any single consonant
# A, E, O are lengthened to /a:/,/e:/,/o:/ in open syllables
# Ë is not used in actual manuscripts of Urban Basanawa.

===Kanji and Kana===
Urban Basanawa is highly influenced by the Japanese language, and the Detch people have even adopted Japanese Kanji and Kana to write Urban Basanawa, Kanji and Kana for Urban Basanawa has become the most widespread way to write Urban Basanawa among the Detch people.

The Kanji and Kana system used to write Urban Basanawa is called the "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字), the Kanji part is called 漢字(Oldwriting: Kandji) in Urban Basanawa, the Kana part is called 仮名(Oldwriting: Kana) in Urban Basanawa.

====Reading of Kandjis in Urban Basanawa====
Like Japanese Kanji, there are several ways to read Basanawa kandji of Basanawa-dji: 音読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: On-lesing), 訓読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Kun-lesing), 混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Mixed-lesing) and 熟字訓(Oldwriting: Djukudjikun), they are similar to the Japanese On'yomi, Kun'yomi, Mixed readings and Special readings.

=====音読えせぃんﾟ(On-lesing)=====
The '''On-lesing''', the Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a Sino-Japanese word, all On-lesings are borrowed from Japanese On'yomi.

The On-lesing of many words in Urban basanawa are pronunced almost the same as the On'yomi of their Japanese counterparts.

More formal or academic terms are more likely to use On-lesing; while more informal or daily terms are more likely to use Kun-lesing, but there are exceptions.

Example of On-lesings(kandji - On-lesing pronunciation - meaning):

* 音楽 - /ongaku/ - "music"
* 科学 - /kagaku/ - "science"
* 生物学 - /se:butsugaku/ - "biology"
* 地質学 - /tʃiʃitsugaku/ - "geology"
* 予算 - /josan/ - "budget"
* 細胞 - /saibo:/ - "cell(biology)"
* 証明書 - /ʃo:me:ʃo:/ - "certificate"
* 学校 - /gakko:/ - "school"
* 廃墟 - /haikijo/ - "ruin"
* 報酬 - /ho:ʃu:/ - "reward"
* 責任 - /sekinin/ - "responsibility"
* 気体 - /kitai/ - "gas"
* 工場 - /ko:dʒo:/ - "factory"
* 魔法 - /maho:/ - "magic"
* 少女 - /ʃo:dʒo/ - "girl"
* 経済 - /ke:dzai/ - "economy"
* 博士 - /hakuʃi/ - "doctor(one with a doctorate degree)"
* 割引 - /waribiki/ - "discount"
* 国家 - /kokka/ - "country"

however, not every pronunciation from Japanese is seen as a On-lesing, a pronunciation that is from the Yamatokotoba of Japanese is seen as a Kunn-lesing in Urban Basanawa.

=====訓読えせぃんﾟ(Kun-lesing)=====
The '''Kun-lesing''', the non-Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a non-Sino-Japanese word, or '''Landsword'''(Basanawa-dji: 国詞), that closely approximated the meaning of the Chinese character when it was introduced. As with On-lesing, there can be multiple Kun-lesing for the same kandji, and some kandji have no Kun-lesing at all.

Most of the Kun-lesings are of Germanic origin and are inherited from Old Saxon rather than borrowed, and many of them are basic words used in everyday speeech, which reflects the fact that Urban Basanawa is actually a west-Germanic language despite not using writing systems common to other Germanic languages, those Germanic-origin words inherited from Old Saxon are sometimes called '''Saxënword'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン詞). All Saxënwords are Landswords, but not all Landswords are Saxënwords, as Landswords contain words of Austronesian origin, words of Slavic origin, and words of other origins.

Example of Kun-lesings(kandji - Kun-lesing pronunciation - meaning):
* 西 - /'west/ - "west"
* 北 - /'nort/ - "north"
* 屋 - /'haus/ - "house"
* 橋 - /'brik/ - "bridge"
* 馬 - /'ros/ - "horse"
* 山 - /'berx/ - "mountain"
* 朝 - /'morgən/ - "morning"
* 夜 - /'naxt/ - "night"
* 日 - /'sun/ - "sun"
* 日 - /'dax/ - "day"
* 病 - /'ba:n/ - "disease"
* 鬼 - /'gi:st/ - "ghost"
* 魚 - /'fiʃ/ - "fish(general term)"
* 魚 - /'riba/ - "fish(euphemism used by fishers and anglers)"
* 畑 - /'felt/ - "field"
* 田 - /'sa:wa/ - "paddy field"
* 鶏 - /'manuk/ - "chicken"
* 綿 - /'kapuk/ - "cotton"
* 帝 - /'radʒa/ - "emperor, raja"
* 薬 - /'lek/ - "medicine(substance for curing), drug"
* 壺 - /'dzbanek/ - "jug"
* 蛸 - /'tako/ - "octopus"
* 猫 - /'neko/ - "cat"
* ときめき - /tokimeki/ - "crush(feeling of love)"
* 萌え - /'moe/ - "crush(feeling of love, especially to a cutie), cute(especially for a lovely girl)"
* 食えいと - /'e:t/ - "to eat"
* 見えい - /'se:/ - "to see"
* 見いんど - /'fint/ - "to find"
* 作く - /'ma:k/ - "to make"
* 送ど - /'sent/ - "to send"
* 費ど - /'spent/ - "to spend"
* 老ど - /'olt/ - "old"
* 他る - /'odər/ - "other"
* 大と - /'gru:t/ - "great, large, big"
* 生う - /'ro:/ - "raw"
* 大い - /'vilki/ - "large"

=====混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Mixëd-lesing)=====
There are kandji compounds that use a mixture of On-lesing and Kun-lesing, they are known as '''Mixëd-lesing'''.

=====義訓(Gikun)/熟字訓(Djukudjikun)=====
'''Gikun''' and '''Djukudjikun''' are readings of kandji combinations that have no direct correspondence to the characters' individual On-lesing or Kun-lesing, but rather are connected with their meaning.

Example of Gikun/Djukudjikun(kandji - Gikun/Djukudjikun pronunciation - meaning):
* 兵器 - /'wa:pən/ - "weapon"
* 飛行 - /'fle:x/ - "flight"
* 結婚式 - /'svadba/ - "wedding ceremony"
* 精神 - /'gi:st/ - "spirit"
* 聖書 - /al'kitap/ - "The Bible"
* 玻璃 - /'glas/ - "glass"
* 教会 - /'kirk/ - "church"
* 子牛 - /'kalf/ - "calf(of a cow)"
* 地獄 - /'hel/ - "hell"

==Grammar==
Being a germanic language, it shares many common structures with English, but there are also differences.

===Word Order===
The word order of Urban Basanawa is very similar to English:
*Basic word order: Subject-Verb-Object(SVO)
*Adpositions are prepositions
*Demonstratives and Numerals precede the noun they modify, relative clauses follow the noun they modify, adjectives can precede or follow the noun they modify(prenominal adjectives are more common)
Urban Basanawa does not have V2 order at all, and word order inversion is not used for interrogatives, and Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial yes-no question particle.

===Interrogatives===
In Urban Basanawa, word order inversion is not used for interrogatives:
* Du saast wat? - what did you see?
* Hau du feelst? - how do you feel?

Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial particle for yes-no questions "is-it dat":
* is-it dat it is de haus fon dy tomodatchi? - is it the house of your friend?

"is-it dat" is frequently contracted to "ista".

It is also possible to ask yes-no questions simply by using a raising intonation on a sentence(In Urban Basanawa, like English, declarative sentences usually have a falling intonation):

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

which is equivalent to the following sentence:

* is-it dat Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

Tag question is formed by adding the negation word "ne" to the end of the sentence:

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep, ne? - Noire has fallen in love with Nep-nep, hasn't she?

===Relative clauses===
Relative clauses start with the invariant relativizers dë and dat:
* dë haus, dë is by dë strand, was bocht faif yaars beforë - the house, which is by the beach, was bought five years ago.
* dë musume, dë [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Nepgear|Nepgear]] luëvët, is dë imowto fon Noire - the girl, whom Nepgear loves, is the younger sister of Noire.

dat can also be used to form nominal clauses:
* it is good, dat all kindër kan gaa to gackows. - it is good that all children can go to schools.
* [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] ne kent dat [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Noire|Noire]], dë Megami fon [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Lastation|Lastation]], hat fallën in koi mid iem. - Nep-nep doesn't know that Noire, the Goddess of Lastation, has fallen in love with her.

Unlike most European languages, interrogative words(the so-called relative pronouns) are not used for relative clauses except for relative clauses without antecedents.

===Negation===
negation is formed by using the negation word ''ne'', the word ne precedes the word it negates:

* Leanbox ne hat Megami Kouhosei - Leanbox doesn't have CPU candidates.
* In dë miestze, dë hat fishbeens swimmënd, Uni sheedë mid Nepgear, for Uni dacht, dat Nepgear ne heelëd Noire, dë oneisan fon Uni. - in the place where there are swimming fishbones, Uni broke up with Nepgear, for Uni thought that Nepgear didn't save Noire, Uni's big sister.

ne usually follows an aux verb:

* Nepgear konst ne fërstand, wai Uni weld ne feech ien. - Nepgear couldn't understand why Uni didn't want to join her.

It is supposed that the Urban Basanawa ''ne'' is not directly from Proto-Germanic ''ne'', but rather a contraction of earlier negations.

===Possession===
Possession can be formed by using prepositions, the most common preposition for possession is "fon", if a preposition is used for possession, the possessor follows the possessed:

* dë haus fon dë megami - the goddess's house
* dë wagën fon dy fadër - the car of your father

also, a structure similar to the "His-genitive" in English is also used, where the 3rd singular possessive pronoun "is" is used, if the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is used for possession, the possessor follows the possessed:

* dë megami is haus - the goddess's house
* dy fadër is wagën - the car of your father

The "sy" in this usage does not influenced by the number of possessor or possessed:

* dë werker is gereed - the tool of the worker
* dë werker is gereeds - the tools of the worker
* dë werkers is gereed - the tool of the workers
* dë werkers is gereeds - the tools of the workers

the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is standard in Urban Basanawa.

there was an genitive case suffix -s, but the genitive -s suffix has fallen out of use and has become a derivative affix used for some compounds.

===Noun===
Nouns has lost the distinction between genders and cases, but it still has the distinction between singular and plural forms.

there are different types of nouns: s-nouns, n-nouns, r-nouns, umlaut-nouns.

the plural form of a s-noun is formed by adding the -s/-ës suffix to the end of the noun, it seems that most nouns belong to this class:

*man("man") - mans
*fingër("finger") - fingërs
*boom("tree") - booms
*fish("fish") - fishës
*ring("ring") - rings
*dag("day") - dagës
*maud("mouth") - maudës

the plural form of a n-noun is formed by adding the -n/-ën suffix to the end of the noun:

*oog("eye") - oogën
*erd("earth") - erdën

the plural form of a r-noun is formed by adding the -r/-ër suffix to the end of the noun, and the stem vowel may undergo umlaut:

*lamb("lamb") - lembër
*kalf("calf") - kelvër
*kind("child") - kindër

the plural form of a umlaut-noun is formed by changing the stem vowel:

*foot("foot") - feet
*book("book") - beek
*kau("cow") - kai
*maus("mouse") - mais
*gast("guest") - gest
*burg("city") - birg

Plural forms are not obliged in Urban Basanawa, and in colloquial speech it is common to use singular forms in place of plural forms.

===Verb===
Verbs conjugate according to tense-aspect-moods.

Verbs have infinitive, present, past, present participle, past participle forms, in earlier forms of Urban Basanawa, the infinitive form of a verb ends with -ën, but the -ën ending has been dropped, and they are identical to the present form in almost every case(some verbs still maintain different infinitive forms), the infinitive form ending in -ën is largely considered as an archaic form.

as most germanic languages, Urban Basanawa verbs can be devided into two classes: strong verb and weak verb.

the past tense of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d/-t to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel if it is a strong verb

the present participle of a verb, no matter it is a strong or weak verb, is formed by adding -ënd to the end of the infinitive form.

the past participle of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d/-t to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel and then adding -ën to the end if it is a strong verb, in more archaic or some dialectical usages, the prefix gë- is used for past participle forms also.

some examples are shown below:

Strong verb:
* Nep-nep etët gohan - [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] eats a meal
* Nep-nep is etënd gohan/Nep-nep is an (dë) etë gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep doot etënd gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep atët gohan - Nep-nep ate a meal
* Nep-nep hat etën gohan - Nep-nep has eaten a meal

Weak verb:
* hi makët rings - he/she makes ring.
* hi is makënd rings/hi is an (dë) makë rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi doot makënd rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi makëd rings - he/she made rings.
* hi hat makëd rings - he/she has made rings.

Like English, infinitives of Urban Basanawa can be preceded by the particle "to", but the to-infinitive is not frequently used in some dialects of Urban Basanawa.

In Urban Basanawa, the verbal noun of a verb is formed by using the -ing suffix, also, in many strong verbs, the verbal noun can be formed by simply applying the ablaut of the stem:

* (to) makë("to make") - mak'''ing'''("act of making")
* (to) s'''i'''ng ("to sing") - s'''a'''ng/sing'''ing'''("act of singing")
* (to) f'''i'''nd ("to find") - f'''a'''nd/find'''ing'''("act of finding")

however, ablaut forms are largely fossilized in Urban Basanawa, and the -ing forms are more common even for strong verbs.

the usage of verbal nouns in Urban Basanawa is similar to that of English:

* warding folks is en megami is shigoto. - protecting people is the job of a goddess.
* drinking alë smertët eener is rau - drinking beers harms one's body.

-ing forms cannot be used for present particles, and present particles cannot be used for gerunds, so the sentences below are incorrect:
* *hi is making rings(the correct form is "hi is makënd rings" or "hi is an (dë) makë rings")
* *drinkënd alë smertët eener is rau(the correct form is "drinking alë smert eener is rau")

====Agreements====
present:
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -st/-est
*3rd person singular: -t/-et(same as 1st person singular in modal verbs )
*plural: -t/-et(-en in modal verbs)

preterite(past tense, agreement suffixes added after the past tense suffix -ëd in weak verbs):
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -st/-est
*3rd person singular: -
*plural: -n/-en

the verb "wese"("to be") and "have"("to have") have irregular forms:

"wese"("to be"):
present:
*1st person singular: bin
*2nd person singular: bist
*3rd person singular: is
*plural: sind

preterite:
*1st person singular: was
*2nd person singular: weer
*3rd person singular: was
*plural: warn

"have"("to have"):
present:
*1st person singular: have
*2nd person singular: hast
*3rd person singular: hat~haft
*plural: have

preterite:
*1st person singular: had
*2nd person singular: haddest
*3rd person singular: had
*plural: hadden

====Copula====
* infinitive: wesë
* present: is
* past: was
* past particle: wesën
In Colloquial usage, copulae can be omitted, especially the present copula "is":
* dat man en ribanik - that man is a fisher.
* dat ovët sweet - the fruit is sweet.

====Strong verbs====
Like other germanic languages, there are strong verbs in Urban Basanawa, and they follow certain patterns to produce different forms, although there are anomalies in strong verbs, making the patterns less regular.

Besides these patterns of stem vowel changes, the past participle forms of strong verbs require an -ën/-あ*ん(あ* is an A-dan kana where the consonant corresponds the ending consonant of the infinitive/present form of the verb it attaches to) ending.

The stem vowel of different classes of strong verbs are listed below(arranged in the form of "Present Tense - Past Tense - Past Participle"):

In Oldwriting：
* Class I: i$ë - ie$ - i$($)*
* Class II: au/ee - oo - o
* Class III:
** i - a - u
** e - a - o
* Class IV: e - a - o
* Class V: e/i - a - e
* Class VI: a - oo - a
* Class VII*:
** a/o - e/(ee/ie) - a/o
** aa/oo - ee - a/o

In Basanawa-dji:
* Class I: あい - いい - い
* Class II: あう/いい - うう - お
* Class III:
** い - あ - う
** え - あ - お
* Class IV: えい - ああ - お
* Class V:
** えい - ああ - え
** い - あ - え
* Class VI: あ/ああ - うう - あ
* Class VII*:
** あ/お - え/(いい) - あ/お
** ああ/おう - いい - あ/お

Note:
# In General, in Class VII strong verbs, if the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short; if the stem vowel of the present tense form is long, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also long; however, in the past tense forms of some Class VII strong verbs, while the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short, although in these verbs, there are usually more regular alternatives.
# The $ in the Class I strong verb pattern is a single consonant letter in Oldwriting.

===Adjective===
Like English, adjectives in the standard form don't agree with nouns they modify in Urban Basanawa, however, in archaic usages, attributive adjectives are ended with -ë:

* en goodë dag - 一ん良だ日 - a good day
* goodë dagës - 良だ日す - good days
* dë goodë dag - だ良だ日 - the good day
* dë goodë dagës - だ良だ日す - the good days

predicative adjectives, however, don't take the -ë ending:

* fondag is good - 今日いす良で - today is good

Adjectives of Germanic origin have comparative and superlative forms:
*comparative: -ër
*superlative: -ëst

for example:

* fondag is heet - 今日いす暑と - today is hot
* fondag is heetër dan gestërn - 今日いす暑たるだん昨日 - today is hotter than yesterday
* fondag is dë heetëst dag in dis yaar - 今日いすだ暑たすと日中ん此年 - today is the hottest day in this year

These forms are sometimes used on adjectives of non-Germanic origins, but its use is largely restricted to Germanic adjectives.

Due to the large amount of Japanese words in Urban Basanawa, there are also na-adjectives in Urban Basanawa. In Urban Basanawa, all na-adjectives are ended with -na(-な) or -no(-の), the -na(-な) and -no(-の) are not dropped when these adjectives are used predicatively:

* en okubiyow-na kuroneko - 一ん臆病な黒猫 - a timid black-cat.
* dë kuroneko is okubiyow-na - だ黒猫いす臆病な - the black-cat is timid.

the -no(-の) ending can also be used for possessive adjectives.

==Words==
===Pronouns===

====personal pronouns====
Pronouns have cases, but the usage of subject pronouns is declining, and many dialects don't use subject pronouns at all.

1st person singular:
*subject: ik(吾)
*object: mi(我)
*genitive: my/minë(我い/我ん)

2nd person singular:
*subject: du(汝)
*object: di(爾)
*genitive: dy/dinë(爾い/爾ん)

3rd person singular:
*subject it(彼と)(inanimate)/hi(彼)(animate)
*object: it(彼と)(inanimate)/ien(彼ん)(animate)
*genitive: is(彼す)

1st person plural:
*subject: wi(我等)
*object: us(我等す)
*genitive: aus/ur~aur(我等す/我等る)
*subject/object(in some dialects): mi allër(generic or exclusive)/yumi(inclusive, from yu+mi)

2nd person plural:
*subject: yi(汝等)
*object: yu(爾等)
*genitive: yur(爾等る)

3rd person plural:
*subject/object: allër/sie(彼等)
*genitive: ier(彼等る)

reflexive: self(己)(also used with the genitive form of other pronouns)

for some personal pronouns, there were emphatic forms:

1st person singular:
*object: my

2nd person singular:
*subject: dau
*object: dy

1st person plural:
*object: aus

====demonstratives====

*this: dis/dit(此)
*that: dat(彼)
*these: dese(此す)
*those: die(彼い)
*here: hier(ひいる/此る)
*there: daar(だある/彼る)
*the(definite article): dë(だ)

====interrogative pronouns====

*who: wee(誰い)
*what: wat(何と)
*when: wan(何ん)
*where: wor(をる/何る)/war(わる/何る)
*how: hau(はう/何う)
*why: wai/warum(わい/何い)
*which: wilk(ゐるﾟく/何く)
Interrogatives are not used to start relative clauses when there are antecedents.

===Numerals===
# 1: een/en(一)
# 2: twee(二)
# 3: dree(三)
# 4: fier(四)
# 5: faif/fimf(五)
# 6: sex(六)
# 7: sevën(七)
# 8: acht(八)
# 9: negën(九)
# 10: ten(十)
# 11: elvën~elf(十一)
# 12: twelf(十二)
# 13: dreetin(十三)
# 14: fiertin(十四)
# 15: fiftin(十五)
# 16: sextin(十六)
# 17: sevëntin(十七)
# 18: achtin(十八)
# 19: negëntin(十九)
# 20: twentig(二十)
* 30: dreetig(三十)
* 40: fiertig(四十)
* 50: fiftig(五十)
* 60: sextig(六十)
* 70: sevëntig(七十)
* 80: achtig(八十)
* 90: negëntig(九十)
* hundred: hundërd(百)
* thousand: dausënd(千)

* ordinal number marker: -t/-ët(番)

For ordinal numbers, first and second have special forms:
* first: erst(一番)
* second: odër(二番/他る)(also means "other", the regular form "twee-t" is also used)

===Conjunctions===
*when/if: wen(ゑん)
*if: ef(えふ)
*before: bëforë(ば前る/前る)
*after: aftër(後た)
*and: end/en(えん/又ん)
*or: ed/eddë(えだ)
*but: ack(あく)
*then/than: dan(だん)

===Content Words===
====Names of Months====
Urban Basanawa has two set set of names of months, one is Slavic-origin, the other is Japanese-origin, the set of the latin-derived calendar month names used in many western europe languages(like English) is not used in Urban Basanawa:

Japanese-origin:
# January: Mutzuki(睦月)
# February: Kisaragi(如月)
# March: Yayoi(弥生)
# April: Udzuki(卯月)
# May: Satzuki(皐月)/Sanaetzuki(早苗月)
# June: Minadzuki(水無月)
# July: Fumidzuki(文月)
# August: Hadzuki(葉月)
# September: Nagatzuki(長月)
# October: Kannadzuki(神無月)
# November: Shimotzuki(霜月)
# December: Shiwasu(師走)

Slavic-origin:
# January: Stitchen
# February: Luti
# March: Madjetz
# April: kvitchen
# May: Mai
# June: Tchervitz
# July: Lipitz
# August: Sherpin
# September: Vdjeshen
# October: Pazdjernik
# November: Listopat
# December: Grudjen

====Days of a week====
#Monday: maandag(月日)/getzuyowbi(月曜日)
#Tuesday: firedag(火日)/kayowbi(火曜日)
#Wednsday: waterdag(水日)/suiyowbi(水曜日)
#Thursday: wieddag(木日)/mokuyowbi(木曜日)
#Friday: golddag(金日)/kinyowbi(金曜日)
#Saturday: sobota/erddag(土日)/doyowbi(土曜日)*
#Sunday: sundag(日日)/nitchiyowbi(日曜日)
The word "sobota" is the most common term for saturday in Urban Basanawa

====Kinship terms====

*Father: fadër(父)
*Mother: modër(母)

The terms for sibling is rather complex in Urban Basanawa, comparable to that of Hungarian:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:200px; height:200px;"
|+ Siblings terms in Urban Basanawa
|-
!
! older
! younger
! unspecified
|-
! male
| ani(兄) || otowto(弟) || brodër(兄弟)
|-
! female
| ane(姉) || imowto(妹) || swestër(姉妹)
|-
! unspecified
| kakak(兄姉) || adik(弟妹) || -
|}

that means all the sentences below can be used to mean "Nepgear is the little sister of Nep-nep":
* Nepgear is dë swestër fon Nep-nep(specify the gender, but not the relative age)
* Nepgear is dë adik fon Nep-nep(specify the relative age, but not the gender)
* Nepgear is dë imowto fon Nep-nep(specify both the gender and the relative age)

==Similarities to English and other west-germanic languages==
While talking about things of the everyday life, Urban Basanawa does not differ much from other west germanic languages, except for the writing system:

* dë man is in dë Haus /də man is in də haus/ - だ男いす中んだ屋 - The man is in the house
* du hast twee kau /du hast twi: kau/ - 汝持すと二牛 - you have two cows
* dat is ne dy ball, it is my ball /dat is ne dai bal it is mai bal/ - 彼いす非爾い球、彼といす我い球 - that is not your ball, it is my ball.

Some sentences are even identical or near-identical to their counterparts in other west germanic languages:
* It is good. - /it is gu:t/ - 彼といす良ど - It is good.(similar to its counterpart in English when written in Oldwriting)
* My hand is in warm watër. - /mai hant is in warm watər/ - 我い手いす中ん温む水 - My hand is in warm water.(similar to its counterpart in English and Afrikaans when written in Oldwriting)
* Dat is en hund. - /it is en hunt/ - 彼いす一ん犬 - that is a dog(similar to its counterpart in Low German when written in Oldwriting)

But when it comes to more academic ideas, Urban Basanawa sometimes can be almost completely alien to speakers of other germanic languages:

* Bibunsekibungaku is dë kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku, it doo kenkiyuu bibunhow en sekibunhow /bibunsekibungaku is də kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku it du: kenkju: bibunho: en sekibunho:/ - 微分積分学いすだ基本的な部分ふぉん解析学、彼とどぅう研究微分法又ん積分法 - Calculus is the fundamental part of mathematical analysis, it researches differentiation and integration.

==Example sentences==
(Oldwriting - Basanawa-dji - English translation)
* Nepgear is en kawaii musume, Uni is ook en kawaii musume. - ネプギアいす一ん可愛い娘、ユニいすううく一ん可愛い娘。 - Nepgear is a cute girl, Uni is also a cute girl.
* Noire weepëd an dë svadba fon Nepgear en Uni, for Uni, dë imowto fon Noire, hat wordën dë hanayome fon Nepgear, dë imowto fon Nep-nep. - ノワール泣ぱど在んだ<ruby>結婚式<rp>(</rp><rt>svadba</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>ふぉんネプギア又んユニ、為るユニ、だ妹ふぉんノワール、はと成おるだんだ花嫁ふぉんネプギア、だ妹ふぉんねぷねぷ。 - Noire weeped at the wedding ceremony of Nepgear and Uni, for Uni, the little sister of Noire, has become the bride of Nepgear, the little sister of Nep-nep.

* Bunkatekina mixing en fërbettëring is dë dentow fon dë Urban Basanawa sprekërs. - 文化的な混しんﾟ又ん変る良たりんﾟいすだ伝統ふぉんだばさなわ話者す - Cultural mixing and enhancing is the tradition of the Urban Basanawa speakers.
* en Basa is en howgen mid en guntai en kaigun. - 一ん語いす一ん方言みど一ん軍隊又ん海軍 - A language is a dialect with an Army and Navy(אַ שפּראַך איז אַ דיאַלעקט מיט אַן אַרמיי און פֿלאָט)
* ne neme af my seiraafuku - ね脫む去ふ我いセーラー服 - Don't take off my sailor suit.

UDHR Article 1 in Urban Basanawa:
* All ningen sind born free en gelike in songen en rechts, sie sind geven mid risei en riyowshin, en shallen doo mid en-oder in en gest fon kinnigheid.(全るﾟ人間すぃんど生おるん自由いえん同く中ん尊厳えん権、彼等すぃんど与えわﾟんみど理性えん良心、えんしゃらﾟん為う互るﾟ中ん精神ふぉん親族にきﾟへいど) - All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Lord's prayer in Urban Basanawa:

Oldwriting:

: ur Fadder, d'is an heven<ref>the usual word for "heaven" in the afterlife sense in Urban Basanawa is "kamuimossir", the Urban Basanawa word ''heven'' simply means "sky" in most usage</ref>,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, hope du gevest to us fondag
: en hope du fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergeve ur beshulders
: en hope du ne leedst us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Basanawa-dji:

: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食望汝与うﾟすとと我等す今日
: 又ん望汝赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えうﾟ我等之負者
: 又ん望汝無ん率どすと我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

The following Urban Basanawa sentences are same to the corrsponding sentences in some other languages in respect of both written forms and meanings:
* It is good.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English)
* My hand is in warm watër.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English and Afrikaans)
* Dat is en hund.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Low German)
* Oneitchan daisuki(お姉ちゃん大好き) - (when written in "Basanawa-dji", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Japanese)

==Notes==
<references />

[[Category:Germanic conlangs]]
[[Category:A posteriori conlangs]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

Urban Basanawa

2015-02-06T12:45:28Z

K1234567890y:

{{Infobox
|name=Basanawa ''Basanawa/ばさなわ'' Saxenspraak/サクサン語
|pronounce=/basa'nawa/ / /saksənspra:k/
|tu=
|species=Human
|in=
|no=(unknown)
|script=Latin(the Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is called "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Basanawa) Kanji and Kana(the Basanawa variant of Kanji and Kana is called "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字) in Basanawa) The Basanawa variant of Latin alphabet is considered as an archaic writing system among Basanawa speakers.
|tree=[[Proto-Indo-European|Indo-European]] 
 Germanic 
  West-Germanic 
   Ingvaeonic 
    Low German? 
     '''Urban Basanawa'''
|morph=Isolating/Agglutinative~Fusional
|ms=Accusative
|wo=SVO
|creator=[[User:k1234567890y]]
|date=2014
|cals=basanawa
}}

'''Urban Basanawa'''(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ), natively known as '''Saxënspraak'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン語), '''Basakota'''(derived from Rural Basanawa), '''Burgbasa''' or '''Burgspraak''', is a West-Germanic (constructed) language belonging to the Indo-European language family, it is an [[:wikipedia:en:Ingvaeonic languages|Ingvaeonic language]](or a North Sea Germanic language) and is very close to English(in terms of basic words), it is spoken on another planet called "Dë Niuland"(also called "Dë Niuwerld", Basanawa-dji: だ新世界), as the speakers were accidentally transferred by a wormhole to "Dë Niuland".

Urban Basanawa is one of the two language of the Detch people(or Deetch people), the other is [[Rural Basanawa]], more than 70% of the Detch people speak Urban Basanawa as their native tongue.

Like English, Yiddish and Wymysorys, Urban Basanawa is a west-germanic language with a large amount of loanwords.

Urban Basanawa developed from Old Saxon, but the inflection system has been greatly reduced; There are many loanwords from Slavic languages(Mainly a language closely related to Polish, perhaps a dialect of Polish), Malay and Japanese, also, due to the influence of Japanese, and being isolated from other germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't use Latin or Ancient Greek as its source of academic terms.

Despite not being an Anglo-Frisian language, many words of Urban Basanawa are pronunced the same or similar to their English cognates, like feet("feet", pronunciation /fi:t/), fish("fish", pronunciation /fiʃ/), bring("to bring", pronunciation /briŋ/), green("green", pronunciation /gri:n/); but some words are pronunced differently from their English cognates, like ook("eye", pronunciation /u:x/), eggë("edge", pronunciation /ek/), etë("to eat", pronunciation /e:t/); also, there are words which are false friends to their English cognates, for example, deer("animal", pronunciation /di:r/, cognate to English "deer"), selfish("private", pronunciation /selfiʃ/, cognate to English "selfish" but with very different meanings to its English cognates), sood("to prove", pronunciation /su:t/, cognate to English "soothe").

It is thought that [[Toka na Musume]], a language of anime-girl-like girls, is derived from Urban Basanawa, or a creolized form of Urban Basanawa.

The name "[[Basanawa]]" is shared by two languages spoken by the Detch people, one is an Ingvaeonic West Germanic language, called "Urban Basanawa"; the other is an Malayic Malay-Polynesian language, called "[[Rural Basanawa]]", what is introduced in this article, is the "Urban Basanawa" language. Despite sharing the name and used by the same ethnic group, "Urban Basanawa" and "Rural Basanawa" belong to two unrelated language families.

==Origin of words==
Urban Basanawa is a language with a large quantity of loanwords, the source of words is various, and many(if not most) of them are of non-european origin. It is said that most classical languagew of Eurasia of our word, including Classical Chinese(mainly via Japanese), Sanskrit(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Arabic(mainly via Malay-indonesia), Latin and Ancient Greek have all contributed some words to Urban Basanawa.

Despite having numerous loanwords, Urban Basanawa is certainly a west Germanic language close to English, Low German and Frisian, and most of its grammatical structures and functional words are of Germanic origin.

===Germanic===
Urban Basanawa is a germanic language, it evolves from Old Saxon, most germanic words in Urban Basanawa are inherited from Old Saxon(through sound changes), thus, Urban Basanawa could be seen as a dialect of Low German, but the merger between front rounded vowel into their unrounded counterparts, the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/(Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/ have become /ai/ and /au/ respectively in Urban Basanawa), the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/(the breaking of Old Saxon /i:/ and /u:/, and the raising of Old Saxon /e:/ and /o:/ have made some Urban Basanawa words sound like their English or Standard German cognates), the preservation of the distinction between Old Saxon short /o/ and /u/, lexical differences(Besides loanwords, semantic shift of native words can also create obstacles in communication) and grammatical changes(Urban Basanawa has lost all nominal cases, and has also lost the germanic V2 order, becoming a SVO language, also, adjectival inflections in Urban Basanawa have also become unproductive and fossilized) can hinder the mutual intelligibility between Urban Basanawa and Low German dialects.

Unlike Low German dialects, the distinction between short /o/ and /u/ of Old Saxon is still maintained in Urban Basanawa.

Besides words that are inherited from Old Saxon, some germanic-origin words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed, some of them are early borrowings borrowed from other germanic dialects in Old Saxon Period, some others are borrowed later indirect through Slavic languages or Japanese, which created some doublets:

* land("land", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - lond("owned land, owned field, property", a slavic borrowing)
* ring("ring", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - rinek("market", a slavic borrowing)
* shirt("apron", a native word inherited from Old Saxon) - shatzu("shirt", a japanese borrowing)

Although Urban Basanawa has borrowed kinship terms from Japanese, kinship terms of germanic origin are actually still used in daily communications, also, the pronominal system of Urban Basanawa is still germanic, not influenced by other languages.

===Austronesian===
Urban Basanawa has some from Malay-Indonesian and other Austronesian languages, many Sanskrit(including the word "Basa") and Arabic terms are also borrowed indirectly through Austronesian languages, it is thought that Austronesian languages(mainly Malay-Indonesian) were probably substratums among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

===Slavic===
Urban Basanawa has words from slavic languages, especially Polish and/or Polish-like languages(words borrowed from other slavic languages also exist), before Urban Basanawa speakers started to adopt Japanese, a Polish-like slavic language was served as the superstratum among the speakers of Urban Basanawa.

Besides some lexical words, many proper nouns in Urban Basanawa are influenced by slavic languages, for example, some village names are ended with -vitze, which is considered to be from Polish -wice, also, many given names are of Slavic origin, and there are even non-slavic-origin family names ended with -ski(for example, Umeski).

The existence of slavic words may indicte that the direct ancestor of Urban Basanawa(before the speakers being accidentally transferred) was spoken in Poland(of our world) in Middle Ages.

Slavic words for animals are also used as euphemisms by hunters, fishers and butchers speaking Urban Basanawa, as they consider germanic names of animals will bring bad luck when these words are referred in hunting/fishing.

===Greek and Latin-Romance===
Ancient Greek and Latin are much less important among Urban Basanawa speakers than they are in most parts of Europe, compared to other Germanic languages(and most other languages originate from Europe of our world), Urban Basanawa has less influence from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages, most words from Ancient Greek and Latin/Romance languages in Urban Basanawa were borrowed in the Old Saxon period or earlier, or indirectly through other languages.

===Japanese and Chinese===
It is known that Japanese culture has a profound impact on Urban Basanawa-speakers, so Japanese language(Modern Japanese) also has significant influence on Urban Basanawa, Japanese lexicon, especially Sino-japanese ones, is used as a source for academic terms in Urban Basanawa, many modern concepts in Urban Basanawa are from Japanese, Urban Basanawa speakers has even adopted Japanese kana and kanji to write Urban Basanawa.

Japanese people never ruled or colonized the Urban Basanawa speakers, but Japanese was seen as a superior language by Urban Basanawa speakers; also, as some Japanese words are very common in Urban Basanawa, it is supposed that Japanese may also served as an substratum in an earlier stage.

Most of the Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa are borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, but there are Sinitic words in Urban Basanawa that are not borrowed through Sino-Japanese words, some of them are borrowed through Malay-Indonesian but others are probably not. Below are some supposed Sinitic words that are not from Sino-Japanese words:
* lobak - radish(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lonkang - drain(through Malay-Indonesian)
* lomuwa~loma - gangster
* bulahi~blahi - whitebait

===Ainu Itak===
There are also some words originating from Ainu, below are some examples:

* tunackai /tu'nakai/ "reindeer" - from Ainu ''tunakkay''
* mossir /'mosir/ "land, region, island" - from Ainu ''mosir''
* tchisse /'tʃise/ "shelter, house" - from Ainu ''cise''
* kamui /'kamui/ "anglic god-like spirit" - from Ainu ''kamuy''
* kamuimossir "paradise, heaven, land of god" - from Ainu ''kamuymosir''

===Calquing in Urban Basanawa===
Besides direct borrowings, calquing is also common to form new words in Urban Basanawa:

* '''handsack/手袋''' /'hantsak/ "glove" - from '''hand/手''' /'hant/ "hand" + '''sack/袋''' /'sak/ "bag,sack", calquing Japanese '''てぶくろ/手袋''' "glove"
* '''weidkind/茸''' /'we:tkint/ "mushroom" - from '''weid/木''' /'we:t/ "wood" + '''kind/子''' /'kint/ "child", calquing Japanese '''キノコ/茸''' "mushroom"
* '''gardfogel/鶏''' /'gartfogəl/ "chicken"<ref>however, it is possible that '''gardfogel''' is not a calque of Japanese '''にわとり''', as the term '''gardfogel''' has been common when Urban Basanawa speakers started to systemically borrow Japanese words</ref> - from '''gard/庭/園''' /'gart/ "garden" + '''fogel/鳥''' /'fogəl/ "bird", calquing Japanese '''にわとり/鶏''' "chicken"
* '''potding/鍋物''' /'potdiŋ/ "hot pot, nabemono", calquing Japanese '''なべもの/鍋物''' "hot pot, nabemono"

==Phonology==
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+Consonants
|-
! !! Labials !! Alveolars !! Postalveolars/ Palatals !! Velars/ Glottals
|-
! Nasals
| m || n || || ŋ
|-
! Plosives
| p b || t d || || k g
|-
! Affricates
| || ts dz || tʃ dʒ ||
|-
! Fricatives
| f v || s || ʃ || x~h
|-
! Sonorants
| || r l || j || w
|}
* /v/ is actually the labiodental approximant [ʋ] rather than the labiodental fricative [v] in the actual speech of many speakers.
* /dz/ is sometimes realized as [z]
* /ŋ/ is only contrastive with /n/ at the end of a word, in other places, /ŋ/ is an allophone of /n/ before velars.
* /h/ is pronunced as [x] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a non-front consonant; /h/ is pronunced as [ç] when it is not followed by a vowel and is preceded by a front consonant
* the contrast between /p/ and /b/, /t/ and /d/, and /k/ and /g/ is in fact a contrast between fortis and lenis plosives, rather than a contrast between voiceless and voiced plosives, or a contrast between aspirated and non-aspirated plosives.
* /b/, /d/, /g/, /dz/, /dʒ/, /v/ are neutralized respectively with /p/, /t/, /k/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /f/ word-finally.

===Vowels===
Like English and Yiddish, but unlike other Germanic languages, Urban Basanawa doesn't have front rounded vowels, the vowel system of Urban Basanawa is more similar to that of Spanish or Japanese:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+vowels
|-
! !! front || central !! back
|-
! high
| i i: || || u u:
|-
! mid
| e e: || ə || o o:
|-
! low
| || a a:
|}

* In some dialects, the actual pronunciations of the short vowels /i e a o u/ are [ɪ ɛ ɐ ɔ ʊ]

===Sound Changes from Old Saxon to Urban Basanawa===
The Rules listed below are only speculations, they might not be correct, and may not be the complete list. Some of the sound changes coincide with those happened in other Low German dialects, others are peculiar to Urban Basanawa.

most sound changes of Stage I occured when people who spoke the ancestor languages of Urban Basanawa(persumbly Old Saxon and Middle Low German dialects) were still live in our world, and most sound changes of Stage II occured after they arrived "De Niuland".

Stage I

* i:a > e:
* io > e:
* iu > y:

* ao,aw,auw > ɔ:
* a:o > a:w
* a:i > a:i
* iuw > iu
* euw > eu
* ei,e:i > i:
* e:o,e:w > e:
* V[-stressed](especially when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)(however, this rule is controversial)

* Open syllable lengthening:
** a > ɑ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** o,u,au > ɔ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** e,i > ɛ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables
** ø,y > œ: / Old Saxon open stressed syllables

* V[-stressed] > ə
* V:[-stressed] > V

* θ > d

* Unronding of front rounded vowels(this sound change probably occured much later):
** y: > i:
** ø: > e:
** y > i
** ø > e
** œ: > ɛ:

Stage II

* V: > V / _C(ə)R(R is an resonant /m n l r/)(this happens before the diphthongization of vowels and the raising of long vowels; moreover, in certain words, the process was undone due to morphological levelling)

* C: > C

* diphthongization of vowels:
** i:,a:i > ai
** u:,a:w > au
** o:i > oi
** eu,iu > iu

* raising of long vowels:
** ɑ:,a: > a:
** e: > i:
** o: > u:
** ɛ(:) > e(:)
** ɔ(:) > o(:)

* z > s / #_

* h > Ø / V_V(this sound change probably occured much earlier)

* ə > Ø / _#

there are some irregularities among words, the emergence of these irregularities were probably due to dialect mixing and dialect levelling at some earlier stages of Urban Basanawa:


* Old Saxon ''sumar'' > Urban Basanawa ''summer/夏'' /sumər/ "summer" (the expected form would be *''sommer'' /somər/, it is possible that it changed to summer by analogy of the semantically related word ''sun'' "sun", possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''thiudisk'' > Urban Basanawa ''detch'' /detʃ/ and ''deetch'' /di:tʃ/ (the expected form would be *''daitch'' /daitʃ/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or it was remodelled after the related Old Saxon word thīod or its descendants before the formation of Urban Basanawa)
* Old Saxon ''duru'' > Urban Basanawa ''door/扉'' /du:r/ "door" (the expected form ''dore/扉'' /do:r/ also exists, which created a pair of doublets /do:r/ and /du:r/, it is possible that the emergence of doublet in this word and some other words was due to dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon ''wika'' > Urban Basanawa ''week/週'' /wi:k/ "week" (the expected form would be *''weik'' /we:k/, possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
* Old Saxon *''butera''(speculated form, deduced from Proto (west) Germanic *''buterô'') > Urban Basanawa ''butter/ブッタル'' /butər/ "butter" (the expected form would be *''botter'', possibly an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing, or actually evolved through the sound change "V[-stressed](especiall when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_C(R is an resonant /m n l r/)" regularly)

possible irregular words(V[-stressed](especiall when V is a high vowel) > Ø / R_C(R is an resonant /m n l r/)):

* Old Saxon ''frī'' > Urban Basanawa ''free/自由い'' /fri:/ "free" (the expected word would be *''frai'' or *''frei'', but it is possible that it was actually a regular sound change modelled after certain forms of adjectives, or modelled after ''dree'', ''free''(the verb evolved regularly from Old Saxon ''frīohon'') or was an result of dialect leveling/dialect mixing)
*words that are subject of the rule "i,u[-stressed] > Ø / R_(R is an resonant /m n l r/)":
** Old Saxon ''bilith'' > Urban Basanawa ''bild/図/像'' /bilt/ "picture, image" (the expected word would be *''beld'' */belt/, it is possible that the form *''bilthi'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''miluk'' > Urban Basanawa ''milk/乳/ミルク'' /milk/ "milk" (the expected word would be *''melk'', it is possible that the form *''milk'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''kirikǭ'' > Urban Basanawa ''kirk/教会'' /kirk/ "church" (the expected word would be *''kerk'' /kerk/, it is possible that the form *kirkǭ also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)
** Old Saxon ''siluvar'' > Urban Basanawa ''silver/銀'' /silvər/ "silver" (the expected word would be *''selver'' /selvər/, it is possible that the form *''silvar'' also existed in the dialect of Old Saxon ancestral to Urban Basanawa)

==Writing systems==
There are several ways to write Urban Basanawa. two of them are introduced below:

===Roman Script/Oldwriting===
The Roman Script for Urban Basanawa, also called the "Oldwriting"(Basanawa-dji: 古文/古書てぃんﾟ) in Urban Basanawa, is a way to write Urban Basanawa. Roman Script never became widespread among the Detch people, and it has become obsolete, but for the sake of the readers, most Urban Basanawa contents in this article will be written using Roman Scripts.

*A - /a/
*AA - /a:/
*A$Ë - /a:/
*AI - /ai/
*AU - /au/
*B - /b/
*BB - /b/
*CH - /x/
*CK - /k/
*D - /d/
*DD - /d/
*DJ - /dʒ/
*DZ - /dz~z/
*E - /e/
*Ë - /ə/, if it ends a word and is not followed by any consonant, it is silent
*EE - /i:/
*EI - /e:/
*E$Ë - /e:/
*F - /f/
*G - /g/
*GG - /g/
*H - /h/
*I - /i/
*IE - /i:/
*I$Ë - /ai/
*K - /k/
*L - /l/
*M - /m/
*N - /n/
*O - /o/
*OO - /u:/
*OU - /o:/
*OW - /o:/
*O$Ë - /o:/
*P - /p/
*PP - /p/
*R - /r/
*S - /s/
*SS - /s/
*SH - /ʃ/
*T - /t/
*TT - /t/
*TZ - /ts/
*TCH - /tʃ/
*U - /u/
*U$Ë - /au/
*UË - /u:/
*UU - /u:/
*V - /v/
*W - /w/
*WR - /vr/
*Y - /j/(as a consonant),/ai/(as a vowel)

Note:
# $ represents any single consonant
# A, E, O are lengthened to /a:/,/e:/,/o:/ in open syllables
# Ë is not used in actual manuscripts of Urban Basanawa.

===Kanji and Kana===
Urban Basanawa is highly influenced by the Japanese language, and the Detch people have even adopted Japanese Kanji and Kana to write Urban Basanawa, Kanji and Kana for Urban Basanawa has become the most widespread way to write Urban Basanawa among the Detch people.

The Kanji and Kana system used to write Urban Basanawa is called the "Basanawa-dji"(Basanawa-dji: ばさなわ字), the Kanji part is called 漢字(Oldwriting: Kandji) in Urban Basanawa, the Kana part is called 仮名(Oldwriting: Kana) in Urban Basanawa.

====Reading of Kandjis in Urban Basanawa====
Like Japanese Kanji, there are several ways to read Basanawa kandji of Basanawa-dji: 音読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: On-lesing), 訓読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Kun-lesing), 混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Oldwriting: Mixed-lesing) and 熟字訓(Oldwriting: Djukudjikun), they are similar to the Japanese On'yomi, Kun'yomi, Mixed readings and Special readings.

=====音読えせぃんﾟ(On-lesing)=====
The '''On-lesing''', the Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a Sino-Japanese word, all On-lesings are borrowed from Japanese On'yomi.

The On-lesing of many words in Urban basanawa are pronunced almost the same as the On'yomi of their Japanese counterparts.

More formal or academic terms are more likely to use On-lesing; while more informal or daily terms are more likely to use Kun-lesing, but there are exceptions.

Example of On-lesings(kandji - On-lesing pronunciation - meaning):

* 音楽 - /ongaku/ - "music"
* 科学 - /kagaku/ - "science"
* 生物学 - /se:butsugaku/ - "biology"
* 地質学 - /tʃiʃitsugaku/ - "geology"
* 予算 - /josan/ - "budget"
* 細胞 - /saibo:/ - "cell(biology)"
* 証明書 - /ʃo:me:ʃo:/ - "certificate"
* 学校 - /gakko:/ - "school"
* 廃墟 - /haikijo/ - "ruin"
* 報酬 - /ho:ʃu:/ - "reward"
* 責任 - /sekinin/ - "responsibility"
* 気体 - /kitai/ - "gas"
* 工場 - /ko:dʒo:/ - "factory"
* 魔法 - /maho:/ - "magic"
* 少女 - /ʃo:dʒo/ - "girl"
* 経済 - /ke:dzai/ - "economy"
* 博士 - /hakuʃi/ - "doctor(one with a doctorate degree)"
* 割引 - /waribiki/ - "discount"
* 国家 - /kokka/ - "country"

however, not every pronunciation from Japanese is seen as a On-lesing, a pronunciation that is from the Yamatokotoba of Japanese is seen as a Kunn-lesing in Urban Basanawa.

=====訓読えせぃんﾟ(Kun-lesing)=====
The '''Kun-lesing''', the non-Sino-Japanese-Basanawa reading, is a reading based on the pronunciation of a non-Sino-Japanese word, or '''Landsword'''(Basanawa-dji: 国詞), that closely approximated the meaning of the Chinese character when it was introduced. As with On-lesing, there can be multiple Kun-lesing for the same kandji, and some kandji have no Kun-lesing at all.

Most of the Kun-lesings are of Germanic origin and are inherited from Old Saxon rather than borrowed, and many of them are basic words used in everyday speeech, which reflects the fact that Urban Basanawa is actually a west-Germanic language despite not using writing systems common to other Germanic languages, those Germanic-origin words inherited from Old Saxon are sometimes called '''Saxënword'''(Basanawa-dji: サクサン詞). All Saxënwords are Landswords, but not all Landswords are Saxënwords, as Landswords contain words of Austronesian origin, words of Slavic origin, and words of other origins.

Example of Kun-lesings(kandji - Kun-lesing pronunciation - meaning):
* 西 - /'west/ - "west"
* 北 - /'nort/ - "north"
* 屋 - /'haus/ - "house"
* 橋 - /'brik/ - "bridge"
* 馬 - /'ros/ - "horse"
* 山 - /'berx/ - "mountain"
* 朝 - /'morgən/ - "morning"
* 夜 - /'naxt/ - "night"
* 日 - /'sun/ - "sun"
* 日 - /'dax/ - "day"
* 病 - /'ba:n/ - "disease"
* 鬼 - /'gi:st/ - "ghost"
* 魚 - /'fiʃ/ - "fish(general term)"
* 魚 - /'riba/ - "fish(euphemism used by fishers and anglers)"
* 畑 - /'felt/ - "field"
* 田 - /'sa:wa/ - "paddy field"
* 鶏 - /'manuk/ - "chicken"
* 綿 - /'kapuk/ - "cotton"
* 帝 - /'radʒa/ - "emperor, raja"
* 薬 - /'lek/ - "medicine(substance for curing), drug"
* 壺 - /'dzbanek/ - "jug"
* 蛸 - /'tako/ - "octopus"
* 猫 - /'neko/ - "cat"
* ときめき - /tokimeki/ - "crush(feeling of love)"
* 萌え - /'moe/ - "crush(feeling of love, especially to a cutie), cute(especially for a lovely girl)"
* 食えいと - /'e:t/ - "to eat"
* 見えい - /'se:/ - "to see"
* 見いんど - /'fint/ - "to find"
* 作く - /'ma:k/ - "to make"
* 送ど - /'sent/ - "to send"
* 費ど - /'spent/ - "to spend"
* 老ど - /'olt/ - "old"
* 他る - /'odər/ - "other"
* 大と - /'gru:t/ - "great, large, big"
* 生う - /'ro:/ - "raw"
* 大い - /'vilki/ - "large"

=====混すど読えせぃんﾟ(Mixëd-lesing)=====
There are kandji compounds that use a mixture of On-lesing and Kun-lesing, they are known as '''Mixëd-lesing'''.

=====義訓(Gikun)/熟字訓(Djukudjikun)=====
'''Gikun''' and '''Djukudjikun''' are readings of kandji combinations that have no direct correspondence to the characters' individual On-lesing or Kun-lesing, but rather are connected with their meaning.

Example of Gikun/Djukudjikun(kandji - Gikun/Djukudjikun pronunciation - meaning):
* 兵器 - /'wa:pən/ - "weapon"
* 飛行 - /'fle:x/ - "flight"
* 結婚式 - /'svadba/ - "wedding ceremony"
* 精神 - /'gi:st/ - "spirit"
* 聖書 - /al'kitap/ - "The Bible"
* 玻璃 - /'glas/ - "glass"
* 教会 - /'kirk/ - "church"
* 子牛 - /'kalf/ - "calf(of a cow)"
* 地獄 - /'hel/ - "hell"

==Grammar==
Being a germanic language, it shares many common structures with English, but there are also differences.

===Word Order===
The word order of Urban Basanawa is very similar to English:
*Basic word order: Subject-Verb-Object(SVO)
*Adpositions are prepositions
*Demonstratives and Numerals precede the noun they modify, relative clauses follow the noun they modify, adjectives can precede or follow the noun they modify(prenominal adjectives are more common)
Urban Basanawa does not have V2 order at all, and word order inversion is not used for interrogatives, and Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial yes-no question particle.

===Interrogatives===
In Urban Basanawa, word order inversion is not used for interrogatives:
* Du saast wat? - what did you see?
* Hau du feelst? - how do you feel?

Urban Basanawa has even developed an initial particle for yes-no questions "is-it dat":
* is-it dat it is de haus fon dy tomodatchi? - is it the house of your friend?

"is-it dat" is frequently contracted to "ista".

It is also possible to ask yes-no questions simply by using a raising intonation on a sentence(In Urban Basanawa, like English, declarative sentences usually have a falling intonation):

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

which is equivalent to the following sentence:

* is-it dat Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep? - has Noire fallen in love with Nep-nep?

Tag question is formed by adding the negation word "ne" to the end of the sentence:

* Noire hat fallën in koi mid Nep-nep, ne? - Noire has fallen in love with Nep-nep, hasn't she?

===Relative clauses===
Relative clauses start with the invariant relativizers dë and dat:
* dë haus, dë is by dë strand, was bocht faif yaars beforë - the house, which is by the beach, was bought five years ago.
* dë musume, dë [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Nepgear|Nepgear]] luëvët, is dë imowto fon Noire - the girl, whom Nepgear loves, is the younger sister of Noire.

dat can also be used to form nominal clauses:
* it is good, dat all kindër kan gaa to gackows. - it is good that all children can go to schools.
* [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] ne kent dat [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Noire|Noire]], dë Megami fon [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Lastation|Lastation]], hat fallën in koi mid iem. - Nep-nep doesn't know that Noire, the Goddess of Lastation, has fallen in love with her.

Unlike most European languages, interrogative words(the so-called relative pronouns) are not used for relative clauses except for relative clauses without antecedents.

===Negation===
negation is formed by using the negation word ''ne'', the word ne precedes the word it negates:

* Leanbox ne hat Megami Kouhosei - Leanbox doesn't have CPU candidates.
* In dë miestze, dë hat fishbeens swimmënd, Uni sheedë mid Nepgear, for Uni dacht, dat Nepgear ne heelëd Noire, dë oneisan fon Uni. - in the place where there are swimming fishbones, Uni broke up with Nepgear, for Uni thought that Nepgear didn't save Noire, Uni's big sister.

ne usually follows an aux verb:

* Nepgear konst ne fërstand, wai Uni weld ne feech ien. - Nepgear couldn't understand why Uni didn't want to join her.

It is supposed that the Urban Basanawa ''ne'' is not directly from Proto-Germanic ''ne'', but rather a contraction of earlier negations.

===Possession===
Possession can be formed by using prepositions, the most common preposition for possession is "fon", if a preposition is used for possession, the possessor follows the possessed:

* dë haus fon dë megami - the goddess's house
* dë wagën fon dy fadër - the car of your father

also, a structure similar to the "His-genitive" in English is also used, where the 3rd singular possessive pronoun "is" is used, if the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is used for possession, the possessor follows the possessed:

* dë megami is haus - the goddess's house
* dy fadër is wagën - the car of your father

The "sy" in this usage does not influenced by the number of possessor or possessed:

* dë werker is gereed - the tool of the worker
* dë werker is gereeds - the tools of the worker
* dë werkers is gereed - the tool of the workers
* dë werkers is gereeds - the tools of the workers

the structure similar to the English "His-genitive" is standard in Urban Basanawa.

there was an genitive case suffix -s, but the genitive -s suffix has fallen out of use and has become a derivative affix used for some compounds.

===Noun===
Nouns has lost the distinction between genders and cases, but it still has the distinction between singular and plural forms.

there are different types of nouns: s-nouns, n-nouns, r-nouns, umlaut-nouns.

the plural form of a s-noun is formed by adding the -s/-ës suffix to the end of the noun, it seems that most nouns belong to this class:

*man("man") - mans
*fingër("finger") - fingërs
*boom("tree") - booms
*fish("fish") - fishës
*ring("ring") - rings
*dag("day") - dagës
*maud("mouth") - maudës

the plural form of a n-noun is formed by adding the -n/-ën suffix to the end of the noun:

*oog("eye") - oogën
*erd("earth") - erdën

the plural form of a r-noun is formed by adding the -r/-ër suffix to the end of the noun, and the stem vowel may undergo umlaut:

*lamb("lamb") - lembër
*kalf("calf") - kelvër
*kind("child") - kindër

the plural form of a umlaut-noun is formed by changing the stem vowel:

*foot("foot") - feet
*book("book") - beek
*kau("cow") - kai
*maus("mouse") - mais
*gast("guest") - gest
*burg("city") - birg

Plural forms are not obliged in Urban Basanawa, and in colloquial speech it is common to use singular forms in place of plural forms.

===Verb===
Verbs conjugate according to tense-aspect-moods.

Verbs have infinitive, present, past, present participle, past participle forms, in earlier forms of Urban Basanawa, the infinitive form of a verb ends with -ën, but the -ën ending has been dropped, and they are identical to the present form in almost every case(some verbs still maintain different infinitive forms), the infinitive form ending in -ën is largely considered as an archaic form.

as most germanic languages, Urban Basanawa verbs can be devided into two classes: strong verb and weak verb.

the past tense of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d/-t to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel if it is a strong verb

the present participle of a verb, no matter it is a strong or weak verb, is formed by adding -ënd to the end of the infinitive form.

the past participle of a verb is formed by adding -ëd/-d/-t to the end of the infinitive form if it is a weak verb, formed by changing the stem vowel and then adding -ën to the end if it is a strong verb, in more archaic or some dialectical usages, the prefix gë- is used for past participle forms also.

some examples are shown below:

Strong verb:
* Nep-nep etët gohan - [[w:c:hyperdimensionneptunia:Neptune|Nep-nep]] eats a meal
* Nep-nep is etënd gohan/Nep-nep is an (dë) etë gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep doot etënd gohan - Nep-nep is eating a meal
* Nep-nep atët gohan - Nep-nep ate a meal
* Nep-nep hat etën gohan - Nep-nep has eaten a meal

Weak verb:
* hi makët rings - he/she makes ring.
* hi is makënd rings/hi is an (dë) makë rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi doot makënd rings - he/she is making rings.
* hi makëd rings - he/she made rings.
* hi hat makëd rings - he/she has made rings.

Like English, infinitives of Urban Basanawa can be preceded by the particle "to", but the to-infinitive is not frequently used in some dialects of Urban Basanawa.

In Urban Basanawa, the verbal noun of a verb is formed by using the -ing suffix, also, in many strong verbs, the verbal noun can be formed by simply applying the ablaut of the stem:

* (to) makë("to make") - mak'''ing'''("act of making")
* (to) s'''i'''ng ("to sing") - s'''a'''ng/sing'''ing'''("act of singing")
* (to) f'''i'''nd ("to find") - f'''a'''nd/find'''ing'''("act of finding")

however, ablaut forms are largely fossilized in Urban Basanawa, and the -ing forms are more common even for strong verbs.

the usage of verbal nouns in Urban Basanawa is similar to that of English:

* warding folks is en megami is shigoto. - protecting people is the job of a goddess.
* drinking alë smertët eener is rau - drinking beers harms one's body.

-ing forms cannot be used for present particles, and present particles cannot be used for gerunds, so the sentences below are incorrect:
* *hi is making rings(the correct form is "hi is makënd rings" or "hi is an (dë) makë rings")
* *drinkënd alë smertët eener is rau(the correct form is "drinking alë smert eener is rau")

====Agreements====
present:
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -st/-est
*3rd person singular: -t/-et(same as 1st person singular in modal verbs )
*plural: -t/-et(-en in modal verbs)

preterite(past tense, agreement suffixes added after the past tense suffix -ëd in weak verbs):
*1st person singular: -
*2nd person singular: -st/-est
*3rd person singular: -
*plural: -n/-en

the verb "wese"("to be") and "have"("to have") have irregular forms:

"wese"("to be"):
present:
*1st person singular: bin
*2nd person singular: bist
*3rd person singular: is
*plural: sind

preterite:
*1st person singular: was
*2nd person singular: weer
*3rd person singular: was
*plural: warn

"have"("to have"):
present:
*1st person singular: have
*2nd person singular: hast
*3rd person singular: hat~haft
*plural: have

preterite:
*1st person singular: had
*2nd person singular: haddest
*3rd person singular: had
*plural: hadden

====Copula====
* infinitive: wesë
* present: is
* past: was
* past particle: wesën
In Colloquial usage, copulae can be omitted, especially the present copula "is":
* dat man en ribanik - that man is a fisher.
* dat ovët sweet - the fruit is sweet.

====Strong verbs====
Like other germanic languages, there are strong verbs in Urban Basanawa, and they follow certain patterns to produce different forms, although there are anomalies in strong verbs, making the patterns less regular.

Besides these patterns of stem vowel changes, the past participle forms of strong verbs require an -ën/-あ*ん(あ* is an A-dan kana where the consonant corresponds the ending consonant of the infinitive/present form of the verb it attaches to) ending.

The stem vowel of different classes of strong verbs are listed below(arranged in the form of "Present Tense - Past Tense - Past Participle"):

In Oldwriting：
* Class I: i$ë - ie$ - i$($)*
* Class II: au/ee - oo - o
* Class III:
** i - a - u
** e - a - o
* Class IV: e - a - o
* Class V: e/i - a - e
* Class VI: a - oo - a
* Class VII*:
** a/o - e/(ee/ie) - a/o
** aa/oo - ee - a/o

In Basanawa-dji:
* Class I: あい - いい - い
* Class II: あう/いい - うう - お
* Class III:
** い - あ - う
** え - あ - お
* Class IV: えい - ああ - お
* Class V:
** えい - ああ - え
** い - あ - え
* Class VI: あ/ああ - うう - あ
* Class VII*:
** あ/お - え/(いい) - あ/お
** ああ/おう - いい - あ/お

Note:
# In General, in Class VII strong verbs, if the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short; if the stem vowel of the present tense form is long, then the stem vowel of the past tense form is also long; however, in the past tense forms of some Class VII strong verbs, while the stem vowel of the present tense form is short, the stem vowel of the past tense form is also short, although in these verbs, there are usually more regular alternatives.
# The $ in the Class I strong verb pattern is a single consonant letter in Oldwriting.

===Adjective===
Like English, adjectives in the standard form don't agree with nouns they modify in Urban Basanawa, however, in archaic usages, adjectives for indefinite plural nouns and definite singular nouns are ended with -ë, adjectives for definite plural nouns are ended with -ën:

* en good dag - 一ん良ど日 - a good day
* goodë dagës - 良だ日す - good days
* dë goodë dag - だ良だ日 - the good day
* dë goodën dagës - だ良だん日す - the good days

Adjectives of Germanic origin have comparative and superlative forms:
*comparative: -ër
*superlative: -ëst

for example:

* fondag is heet - 今日いす暑と - today is hot
* fondag is heetër dan gestërn - 今日いす暑たるだん昨日 - today is hotter than yesterday
* fondag is dë heetëst dag in dis yaar - 今日いすだ暑たすと日中ん此年 - today is the hottest day in this year

These forms are sometimes used on adjectives of non-Germanic origins, but its use is largely restricted to Germanic adjectives.

Due to the large amount of Japanese words in Urban Basanawa, there are also na-adjectives in Urban Basanawa. In Urban Basanawa, all na-adjectives are ended with -na(-な) or -no(-の), the -na(-な) and -no(-の) are not dropped when these adjectives are used predicatively:

* en okubiyow-na kuroneko - 一ん臆病な黒猫 - a timid black-cat.
* dë kuroneko is okubiyow-na - だ黒猫いす臆病な - the black-cat is timid.

the -no(-の) ending can also be used for possessive adjectives.

==Words==
===Pronouns===

====personal pronouns====
Pronouns have cases, but the usage of subject pronouns is declining, and many dialects don't use subject pronouns at all.

1st person singular:
*subject: ik(吾)
*object: mi(我)
*genitive: my/minë(我い/我ん)

2nd person singular:
*subject: du(汝)
*object: di(爾)
*genitive: dy/dinë(爾い/爾ん)

3rd person singular:
*subject it(彼と)(inanimate)/hi(彼)(animate)
*object: it(彼と)(inanimate)/ien(彼ん)(animate)
*genitive: is(彼す)

1st person plural:
*subject: wi(我等)
*object: us(我等す)
*genitive: aus/ur~aur(我等す/我等る)
*subject/object(in some dialects): mi allër(generic or exclusive)/yumi(inclusive, from yu+mi)

2nd person plural:
*subject: yi(汝等)
*object: yu(爾等)
*genitive: yur(爾等る)

3rd person plural:
*subject/object: allër/sie(彼等)
*genitive: ier(彼等る)

reflexive: self(己)(also used with the genitive form of other pronouns)

for some personal pronouns, there were emphatic forms:

1st person singular:
*object: my

2nd person singular:
*subject: dau
*object: dy

1st person plural:
*object: aus

====demonstratives====

*this: dis/dit(此)
*that: dat(彼)
*these: dese(此す)
*those: die(彼い)
*here: hier(ひいる/此る)
*there: daar(だある/彼る)
*the(definite article): dë(だ)

====interrogative pronouns====

*who: wee(誰い)
*what: wat(何と)
*when: wan(何ん)
*where: wor(をる/何る)/war(わる/何る)
*how: hau(はう/何う)
*why: wai/warum(わい/何い)
*which: wilk(ゐるﾟく/何く)
Interrogatives are not used to start relative clauses when there are antecedents.

===Numerals===
# 1: een/en(一)
# 2: twee(二)
# 3: dree(三)
# 4: fier(四)
# 5: faif/fimf(五)
# 6: sex(六)
# 7: sevën(七)
# 8: acht(八)
# 9: negën(九)
# 10: ten(十)
# 11: elvën~elf(十一)
# 12: twelf(十二)
# 13: dreetin(十三)
# 14: fiertin(十四)
# 15: fiftin(十五)
# 16: sextin(十六)
# 17: sevëntin(十七)
# 18: achtin(十八)
# 19: negëntin(十九)
# 20: twentig(二十)
* 30: dreetig(三十)
* 40: fiertig(四十)
* 50: fiftig(五十)
* 60: sextig(六十)
* 70: sevëntig(七十)
* 80: achtig(八十)
* 90: negëntig(九十)
* hundred: hundërd(百)
* thousand: dausënd(千)

* ordinal number marker: -t/-ët(番)

For ordinal numbers, first and second have special forms:
* first: erst(一番)
* second: odër(二番/他る)(also means "other", the regular form "twee-t" is also used)

===Conjunctions===
*when/if: wen(ゑん)
*if: ef(えふ)
*before: bëforë(ば前る/前る)
*after: aftër(後た)
*and: end/en(えん/又ん)
*or: ed/eddë(えだ)
*but: ack(あく)
*then/than: dan(だん)

===Content Words===
====Names of Months====
Urban Basanawa has two set set of names of months, one is Slavic-origin, the other is Japanese-origin, the set of the latin-derived calendar month names used in many western europe languages(like English) is not used in Urban Basanawa:

Japanese-origin:
# January: Mutzuki(睦月)
# February: Kisaragi(如月)
# March: Yayoi(弥生)
# April: Udzuki(卯月)
# May: Satzuki(皐月)/Sanaetzuki(早苗月)
# June: Minadzuki(水無月)
# July: Fumidzuki(文月)
# August: Hadzuki(葉月)
# September: Nagatzuki(長月)
# October: Kannadzuki(神無月)
# November: Shimotzuki(霜月)
# December: Shiwasu(師走)

Slavic-origin:
# January: Stitchen
# February: Luti
# March: Madjetz
# April: kvitchen
# May: Mai
# June: Tchervitz
# July: Lipitz
# August: Sherpin
# September: Vdjeshen
# October: Pazdjernik
# November: Listopat
# December: Grudjen

====Days of a week====
#Monday: maandag(月日)/getzuyowbi(月曜日)
#Tuesday: firedag(火日)/kayowbi(火曜日)
#Wednsday: waterdag(水日)/suiyowbi(水曜日)
#Thursday: wieddag(木日)/mokuyowbi(木曜日)
#Friday: golddag(金日)/kinyowbi(金曜日)
#Saturday: sobota/erddag(土日)/doyowbi(土曜日)*
#Sunday: sundag(日日)/nitchiyowbi(日曜日)
The word "sobota" is the most common term for saturday in Urban Basanawa

====Kinship terms====

*Father: fadër(父)
*Mother: modër(母)

The terms for sibling is rather complex in Urban Basanawa, comparable to that of Hungarian:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:200px; height:200px;"
|+ Siblings terms in Urban Basanawa
|-
!
! older
! younger
! unspecified
|-
! male
| ani(兄) || otowto(弟) || brodër(兄弟)
|-
! female
| ane(姉) || imowto(妹) || swestër(姉妹)
|-
! unspecified
| kakak(兄姉) || adik(弟妹) || -
|}

that means all the sentences below can be used to mean "Nepgear is the little sister of Nep-nep":
* Nepgear is dë swestër fon Nep-nep(specify the gender, but not the relative age)
* Nepgear is dë adik fon Nep-nep(specify the relative age, but not the gender)
* Nepgear is dë imowto fon Nep-nep(specify both the gender and the relative age)

==Similarities to English and other west-germanic languages==
While talking about things of the everyday life, Urban Basanawa does not differ much from other west germanic languages, except for the writing system:

* dë man is in dë Haus /də man is in də haus/ - だ男いす中んだ屋 - The man is in the house
* du hast twee kau /du hast twi: kau/ - 汝持すと二牛 - you have two cows
* dat is ne dy ball, it is my ball /dat is ne dai bal it is mai bal/ - 彼いす非爾い球、彼といす我い球 - that is not your ball, it is my ball.

Some sentences are even identical or near-identical to their counterparts in other west germanic languages:
* It is good. - /it is gu:t/ - 彼といす良ど - It is good.(similar to its counterpart in English when written in Oldwriting)
* My hand is in warm watër. - /mai hant is in warm watər/ - 我い手いす中ん温む水 - My hand is in warm water.(similar to its counterpart in English and Afrikaans when written in Oldwriting)
* Dat is en hund. - /it is en hunt/ - 彼いす一ん犬 - that is a dog(similar to its counterpart in Low German when written in Oldwriting)

But when it comes to more academic ideas, Urban Basanawa sometimes can be almost completely alien to speakers of other germanic languages:

* Bibunsekibungaku is dë kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku, it doo kenkiyuu bibunhow en sekibunhow /bibunsekibungaku is də kihontekina bubun fon kaisekigaku it du: kenkju: bibunho: en sekibunho:/ - 微分積分学いすだ基本的な部分ふぉん解析学、彼とどぅう研究微分法又ん積分法 - Calculus is the fundamental part of mathematical analysis, it researches differentiation and integration.

==Example sentences==
(Oldwriting - Basanawa-dji - English translation)
* Nepgear is en kawaii musume, Uni is ook en kawaii musume. - ネプギアいす一ん可愛い娘、ユニいすううく一ん可愛い娘。 - Nepgear is a cute girl, Uni is also a cute girl.
* Noire weepëd an dë svadba fon Nepgear en Uni, for Uni, dë imowto fon Noire, hat wordën dë hanayome fon Nepgear, dë imowto fon Nep-nep. - ノワール泣ぱど在んだ<ruby>結婚式<rp>(</rp><rt>svadba</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>ふぉんネプギア又んユニ、為るユニ、だ妹ふぉんノワール、はと成おるだんだ花嫁ふぉんネプギア、だ妹ふぉんねぷねぷ。 - Noire weeped at the wedding ceremony of Nepgear and Uni, for Uni, the little sister of Noire, has become the bride of Nepgear, the little sister of Nep-nep.

* Bunkatekina mixing en fërbettëring is dë dentow fon dë Urban Basanawa sprekërs. - 文化的な混しんﾟ又ん変る良たりんﾟいすだ伝統ふぉんだばさなわ話者す - Cultural mixing and enhancing is the tradition of the Urban Basanawa speakers.
* en Basa is en howgen mid en guntai en kaigun. - 一ん語いす一ん方言みど一ん軍隊又ん海軍 - A language is a dialect with an Army and Navy(אַ שפּראַך איז אַ דיאַלעקט מיט אַן אַרמיי און פֿלאָט)
* ne neme af my seiraafuku - ね脫む去ふ我いセーラー服 - Don't take off my sailor suit.

UDHR Article 1 in Urban Basanawa:
* All ningen sind born free en gelike in songen en rechts, sie sind geven mid risei en riyowshin, en shallen doo mid en-oder in en gest fon kinnigheid.(全るﾟ人間すぃんど生おるん自由いえん同く中ん尊厳えん権、彼等すぃんど与えわﾟんみど理性えん良心、えんしゃらﾟん為う互るﾟ中ん精神ふぉん親族にきﾟへいど) - All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Lord's prayer in Urban Basanawa:

Oldwriting:

: ur Fadder, d'is an heven<ref>the usual word for "heaven" in the afterlife sense in Urban Basanawa is "kamuimossir", the Urban Basanawa word ''heven'' simply means "sky" in most usage</ref>,
: hope dy name doo heeliged,
: hope dy kingdom kome,
: hope dy will wese doon
: an erd like an heven.
: ur daglik brood, hope du gevest to us fondag
: en hope du fergeve ur shuldes,
: like wi fergeve ur beshulders
: en hope du ne leedst us into yuwaku
: ak free us weg fon evel.
: Amen

Basanawa-dji:

: 我等之父，だいす在ん天
: 望爾い名為う聖りﾟがど
: 望爾い(王)国来む
: 望爾い志ゑいす成ん
: 在ん地如く在ん天
: 我等之日りﾟく食望汝与うﾟすとと我等す今日
: 又ん望汝赦えうﾟ我等之債
: 如く我等赦えうﾟ我等之負者
: 又ん望汝無ん率どすと我等す入と誘惑
: 但く救い我等す離ぐふぉん邪悪
: あめん

The following Urban Basanawa sentences are same to the corrsponding sentences in some other languages in respect of both written forms and meanings:
* It is good.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English)
* My hand is in warm watër.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in English and Afrikaans)
* Dat is en hund.(when written in "Oldwritting", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Low German)
* Oneitchan daisuki(お姉ちゃん大好き) - (when written in "Basanawa-dji", it is same to the corresponding sentence in Japanese)

==Notes==
<references />

[[Category:Germanic conlangs]]
[[Category:A posteriori conlangs]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

Basanawa

2014-12-05T11:55:35Z

K1234567890y:

'''Basanawa''' is the name shared by two languages belonging two different families:

* [[Urban Basanawa]] - an Ingvaeonic West Germanic language of the Indo-European language family
* [[Rural Basanawa]] - a Malayic Malay-Polynesian language of the Austronesian language family

Basanawa

2014-12-05T11:55:18Z

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#REDIRECT [[Urban Basanawa]]

Urban Basanawa

2014-12-05T11:55:18Z

K1234567890y: K1234567890y moved page Basanawa to Urban Basanawa

Urban Basanawa

2014-12-05T11:54:57Z

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Urban Basanawa

2014-12-05T11:54:28Z

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Urban Basanawa

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K1234567890y: /* Example sentences */

Urban Basanawa

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K1234567890y: /* Agreements */

Urban Basanawa

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K1234567890y: /* Agreements */

Urban Basanawa

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K1234567890y: /* Interrogatives */

Urban Basanawa

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Urban Basanawa

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Urban Basanawa

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K1234567890y: /* Dialects */

Urban Basanawa

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Urban Basanawa

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